I-American Standard Bred Horse, noma i-American Trotter, iyinhlobo yamahhashi eshesha kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Igama elithi standardbred egameni lohlobo lokuzalela elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiNgisini lisho "uhlobo olujwayelekile". Kulokhu, asikhulumi ngendinganiso yangaphandle (eyenzeka nganoma yikuphi ukuzalaniswa), kodwa mayelana nezinga le-agility, elethulwa ngqo abathuthi baseMelika. Lokhu kuzalanisa kokuqala emhlabeni okwenziwa i-agility kuye kwaba yinto esemqoka yokukhethwa.
Ngekhulu le-18, amahhashi eMelika ayedlangile. Amahhashi wokuhlanganisa ngalezo zinsuku ayesetshenziselwa izinhloso ezimbili: ukuthutha izimpahla nabagibeli emabangeni amade nasekuhambeni ngamakhompiyutha ezindlela eziguqukayo (izakhamizi ezicebile kanjalo nabaqali bezizungeza). Iqembu lokugcina lamahhashi lasheshe laqhamuka phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo: amahhashi anombala okhanyayo akudingekile ukuba aqine, aqine, abe nenani eliphakeme kunamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaba yimfashini phakathi kwabanikazi bamahhashi abacebile ukuhlela imincintiswano yokuthwala, ngakho-ke ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili nangasekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, amahhashi anezinwele ezikhanyayo ekugcineni akha njengehlobo elizimele lokufuya. Ama-Trotters alahlekelwe ngokuphelele ukubaluleka kwawo kwezomnotho futhi aqala ukusetshenziswa kuphela kwezemidlalo, kepha imboni yomjaho yayisanda kubhekana ne-heyday yayo. Njengoba i-tote yayisetshenziswa kabanzi ekubalekeni, ukuncintisana kule ndawo bekuyingozi enkulu, kanti nezinzuzo zehhashi elihle ziyamangaza. Lesi yisizathu sokuthi ukwenziwa kabusha kwama-trotters aseMelika kusukela ekuqaleni kwaqala ukunaka kakhulu futhi ukusebenza nalo mhlambi kwenziwa ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu lokukhetha.
Phakathi kokhokho babaphangi baseMelika kwakungamahhashi asezingeni eliphakeme: uMessenger (owazalwa ngo-1780) - umfuyi wezalukazi ongahlafuneki owayephethe i-trot enhle (icala elihlukile kwehhashi eligibele!), UJustine Morgan (owazalwa ngo-1789), emithanjeni. okwageleza igazi lamahhashi aseArabia futhi agibele ngokuphelele, iBelfaunder (b. 1815) is a trotter zohlobo lwamaNorfolk. Ukuhlanganiswa kwegazi lamaNorfolk trotters ngegazi lokugibela amahhashi kuholele ekuqubukeni kwezilwane ezihlaselwe kakhulu inzalo. Owayedume kakhulu ngekhulu le-XIX kwakuyi-stallion Gambletonia X (owazalwa ngo-1849), owashiya izitha ezihle kakhulu ezingaphezu kuka-1300! Yonke inzalo kaGambletonia X ikhombise imiphumela emihle kakhulu emijahweni, futhi igazi lakhe ligobhoza emithanjeni yabo bonke abashayi bezindiza baseMelika banamuhla.
Kusukela ngo-1879, imijaho yamahhashi yaba yisibopho kuwo wonke ama-trotters aseMelika futhi ngamahhashi kuphela kuphela esigaba esithile sobucwebecwebe angena ku -book. Kusukela ngalesosikhathi, ukuzalela kwathola igama lakhe elisemthethweni - inkambiso yaseMelika ejwayelekile. Ijubane elikhuliswa ihhashi lalinganiswa ngesikhathi esithathayo ukuhamba indawo eyodwa yebanga - ekuzaleni amahhashi emhlabeni jikelele, kuthathwa imayela lesiNgisi esikhulukazi ku-1609 m ukuze kuthathwe iyunithi enjalo, futhi kungena abahamba ngezinyawo kuphela abahamba le mayela ngokushesha kunemizuzu emi-2 encwadini. 30 sec
Trotter American trotter.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakhiwa enye impahla engajwayelekile yamahhashi aseMelika ajwayelekile. Iqiniso ngukuthi ama-trotters amaningi aseMelika angagijima ngama-gait amane!
Njengoba wazi, wonke amahhashi angahamba ngama-gait amathathu - igxathu, i-trot ne-gallop. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona amahhashi athi esikhundleni se-trot ahambise i-amble. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwama-trotters aseMelika kwakukhona iningi lababeli. Baye bahlolwa kanye nabaphangi, kepha njengoba i-ambler ishesha ngokomzimba ngokwe-lynx, abagqwali bahlolwa ezindaweni zomjaho ngokwehlukana nabaphangi (kwasungulwa imiklomelo ekhethekile). Ngasikhathi sinye, abamele kanye nabaphangi bebengabokuzalwa okufanayo futhi bewela phakathi kwabo, ngenxa yalokho, amahhashi aqala ukuvela, angagijima kokubili ama-trot ne-amble.
Ukushintsha i-gait emahhashini, kufakwa amabhande akhethekile, angavumeli ihhashi ukuthi lihambe ngesikhathi somjaho we-ambass. Amabhande anjalo andisa ukulimala kwamahhashi kuma-racing, kepha ama-ambler okuncintisana athandwa kakhulu ngenxa yejubane eliphezulu lokugijima. Ngenxa yokukhethwa, amahhashi anamuhla aseMelika ahlala emabeleni ahamba ibanga elingaphansi kwemizuzu engu-2. Umlando wejubane lomhlaba wokudotshwa kwezimoto ngu-1 min. 49, 3 sec., Amble - 1 imiz. 46.1 sec Ngakho-ke, ijubane lale gait lilingana nejubane le-gallop yamahhala ekugibeleni amahhashi!
Umdubuli waseMelika engutsheni ekhethekile ugijimela i-amble.
Kodwa-ke, emzabalazweni wejubane, abafuyi kwakufanele badele ubuhle bangaphandle. Kuze kube manje, azikho izindinganiso ezicacile zangaphandle phakathi kwama-trotters aseMelika, amahhashi acishe abe nanoma yikuphi ukungapheleli (inqobo nje uma egijima ngobunono) avunyelwe ukuzalanisa, ngakho-ke amahhashi aseMelika ajwayelekile awakhanyi ngomzimba ovumelanayo.
Ngokuvamile, amahhashi alolu hlobo lokuzalela aphansi ngokweqile ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinja - ukuphakama ekushwabeni kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-153 kuya ku-166 cm. Phakathi kwawo, ungathola izilwane ezinokhahlo olomile, futhi omile kakhulu, futhi owakheke ngokuqinile. Inhloko yama-trotters aseMelika incane, inephrofayli eqondile. Intamo ibekwe phezulu, ukubuna kukhulunywa ngendlela enesizotha. Isifuba sibanzi futhi sijulile. Umzimba mude, uyizintaba. Ngemuva kuqondile, i-croup ibanzi. Izimbambo ziqine kakhulu, zomile futhi zinemisipha, zinama-ligaments kanye nama-tendon akhule kahle. Iningi lamahhashi linesikhundla esilinganayo sonyawo, kodwa kwabanye lingase lingalungi (linemilenze noma i-Clubfoot). Ijazi lifushane, i-mane nomsila zinde, zamaphakathi nendawo. Isudi i-bay kakhulu, ayifani kakhulu ngamahhashi abomvu, ama-karak namahhashi amnyama. Ama-trotters aseMelika anombala grey (azuzwe njengamahhashi agibele amahhashi) ayivelakancane, kepha lo mbala ubhekwa njengongathandeki futhi azama ukuvimba amahhashi anjalo ukuba azalwe. Ukumaka ekhanda nasemilenzeni nakho kuyivelakancane kakhulu.
Naphezu kwethonya elikhulu lohlobo lokugibela lwesiNgisi, amahhashi aseMelika ajwayelekile angenawo amaphutha awo. Ziyalingana, ziguquguqukayo futhi zihlukaniswa yigiya elingaguquguquki. Ukusebenza nama-trotters aseMelika akunzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basheshe kakhulu, banamandla, abathobeki, bahlukaniswe impilo enhle kakhulu, ukuzala nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngesinye isikhathi, ingaphandle le-agarmet elihlaselayo lama-trotters aseMelika lalibhekwa njengelibi, kodwa izimfanelo zesivinini ezingenakulungiswa zaqeda le mpikiswano. Okwamanje, abanyatheli baseMelika abazi ukuthi balingana phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zomhlaba zokuphamba!
Amahhashi asezingeni eliphakeme aseMelika angabaholi ngokuphelele embonini egijimayo, ajwayelekile kuwo wonke amazwe lapho izinhlanga zibanjelwe khona. Ngokwesiko, abameleli abahle kakhulu bezala bazalwa futhi bahlolwe e-United States - izifundazwe zasePennsylvania naseKentucky zingabizwa ngokuthi "iMecca" yokuzalela kwamahhashi eMelika. Futhi, umhlambi omkhulu futhi osezingeni eliphakeme wamahhashi ajwayelekile aseMelika ugxile eCanada, e-Australia, eNew Zealand, e-Italy, eDenmark, eSweden. Umklomelo ophambili wabaduni baseMelika ubizwa ngokuthi "iGambletonia" (ukuhlonipha umsunguli wezinganekwane), futhi abameli ababiza kakhulu abazalanayo bathengiswa ngamadola ayizigidi ezingama-5.25 (trotter Mystic Park) nangamadola ayizigidi eziyi-19,2 (i-ambler Annihilerator).
Funda ngezilwane okukhulunywe ngazo kulesi sihloko: amahhashi agibele ngokuphelele, amahhashi ase-Arabia.
Umlando wokuzala
Ihhashi lase-America trotter aliveli esigabeni esehlukile ngenxa yezimpawu zalo ezingaphandle. Ukubukeka ezilwaneni kungahlukahluka kakhulu. Isihluthulelo esiyisisekelo sokuhlangana ngokuzalanisa ngokuqinisekile ukudlala kwamahhashi. Kusukela ekuqaleni kokuvela kwama-trotters anjalo, yilabo kuphela ababekwazi ukugijima imayela elilodwa ngesikhathi esingeqi imizuzu emi-2 imizuzwana engama-30 abafakwa kuyo le ncwadi.
Ukuzalela kuvela eMelika yekhulu le-XVIII. Ngalesi sikhathi, amahhashi asetshenziswa kabanzi epulazini, futhi zonke izilwane zahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili, ngokuya ngenhloso,:
- Umsebenzi Omkhulu. Babesetshenziselwa ukuthutha imithwalo emikhulu, behamba amabanga amade.
- Engasindi. Izilwane ezinjalo zaziboshelwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuphela.
Iqembu lokugcina laliyaziswa kakhulu ngejubane elalikhuliswa, ngenkathi amandla nokukhuthazela kuncipha ngemuva.
Kancane kancane, amahhashi asezingeni eliphansi aqala ukubekwa umjaho wokugibela, okwathi ekugcineni kwekhulu le-18 kwathandwa kakhulu. Imincintiswano enjalo yayihlala ihambisana nokubheja okukhulu. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni umfuyi ngamunye anikele ngawo wonke amandla akhe ekuthuthukisweni kwababhuli bakhe ngenzuzo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, amahhashi ayizidlakudla ahlukaniswa yaya esigabeni esehlukile futhi ayesetshenziswa kuphela kwezemidlalo.
Ekukhetheni okuqhubekayo, izimfanelo zezilwane zazivame ukwenziwa impova. Sasisebenzisa amahhashi aseArabia, amahhashi aseNorfolk, abagibeli baseCanada kanye nezinye izinhlobo zemihlambi. Umphumela wokuzalelwa kwakunguhhashi elinyakazayo laseMelika, okhokho balo okucatshangwa ukuthi selibe yinganekwane, umdubuli wodumo uGambletonia X.
Incwadi yomugqa we-pedigree line yadalwa ngo-1871. Igama elisemthethweni lohlobo lokuzalela iStartbrednaya lamiswa kuphela ngo-1879. Lakhethwa ngesisekelo sokuthi yizilwane kuphela ezihlangabezana nezinga lokuguga ezazithathwa njengezingcolile. Kusukela ngo-1931, abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa baqala ukufakwa encwadini yokubhala ngokususela kwimvelaphi yabo.
Ukubukeka
Njengoba ihhashi elijwayelekile laseMelika lakhula ngokugcizelela kuphela isivinini, abafuyi bezithelo babekuxosha ukubukeka kwakhe. Ngenxa yalokhu, la mahhashi azinazo izinto ezicacile zangaphandle.
Ukubukeka kwe-Trotter yaseMelika
Ngokuvamile, trotter yaseMelika isilwane esikhulu kunalokho. Ukuphakama kwaso kubuna yi-145-166 cm. Umthethosisekelo wama-stallions ungaba ama-coarse, amakhulu, noma omile ngokuphelele futhi anomusa. Izici zokubonakala kwehhashi zifaka:
- izindlu eziseduze ezizungezile
- isifuba esijulile
- phakathi kuyabuna
- ngqo ngokugoba okuncane emuva,
- ububanzi bokubanzi
- Intamo ende,
- inhloko encane enephrofayli eqondile,
- imilenze eqinile eyomile enemisipha kanye nama-ligaments,
- i-mane ende nomsila.
Inkomba. Okunye futhi ngesimo sokuzalela yiqoqo lesimo semilenze. Ezilwaneni ezihlukene, kungaba ngokuqondile noma nge-Clubfoot encane. Umzuzu onjalo awuthathwa njengengozi.
Isudi lehhashi elinyakazayo laseMelika nalo livumela ukuhlukahluka okuningi. Imvamisa, umbala wabamele bayo u-bay. Kungafaka izithunzi eziningi noma inhlanganisela yazo. Okuncane kakhulu okuvame kakhulu yizilwane ezinemibala ebomvu noma emnyama. Kwezinye izimo, amahhashi anemibala eluhlaza grey ahlangana, kepha kubhekwa njengengafuneki futhi imvamisa izidalwa ezinjalo eziphilayo azivunyelwe ukuzalaniswa okuthe xaxa.
Isimilo
Ngenqubo yokuqokwa, inombolo enkulu yemigqa yamahhashi eyehlukene yamahhashi yayisetshenziswa, ngalinye lazo lalithatha umlingiswa ngamunye, futhi lalihlala lingakhi njalo. Ngakho-ke, amahhashi amaNgisi asetshenziswa kulo msebenzi ahlukaniswa ngokuthanda kwabo nobulukhuni boqeqesho.
Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, abafuyi abasakhula bakwazile ukuqeda ukushiyeka kweminye imifino yoqobo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufutheka kohlobo olujwayelekile-olufuywayo kwavela kwaba nokuzola, ukukhononda, nokulinganisela. Izidalwa ezinjalo eziphilayo ngaphandle kokungabaza zilalela umnikazi futhi zifunde ngokushesha, ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi silwane siziphatha ngobungane namanye amahhashi futhi ngaphandle kokulwa.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzalela
I-trotter yaseMelika isatshalaliswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Kuze kube manje, isitoko esikhulu samahhashi sigxilisiwe e-United States, kepha futhi sakhiwa ngempumelelo eCanada, e-Australia, eNew Zealand naseDenmark. Vele, amahhashi akweleta ukuthandwa okuphakeme okunhlobonhlobo yezinzuzo, okuyizinto eziyinhloko zazo ezilandelayo:
- ukudlala
- ukukhuthazela,
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi zesimo samahhashi,
- ukuzola, isimo sokulinganisela,
- amanani aphezulu okuzala,
- impilo ende yamahhashi.
Ama-trotter aseMelika azolile futhi aqine
Futhi ukwandisa uhlu kuvumela ukukhula kokuqala kwezilwane. Cishe wonke amarekhodi omhlaba angokukhohlisa okujwayelekile kwaseMelika asetwa ngabakwa-stallions abaneminyaka emi-3 kuya kwengama-4. Kakade eneminyaka engu-3 ubudala, ihhashi lakhiwe ngokuphelele futhi likulungele ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuthi iningi lalawa ma-trotters angasebenzisa izinhlobo ezi-4 ze-gait. Kumahhashi amaningi, amathathu kuphela kubo atholakalayo:
Kepha njengoba abahlaseli baseCanada nabo bahlanganyele ekwenziweni kwalolu hlobo lwamahhashi, izindlalifa zabo nazo zingazulazula. Ukuze usebenzise leli thuba, abanikazi bezilwane zasekhaya baye bakhulisa amabhande akhethekile anciphisa ukubhula ngamatshe. Umncintiswano we-amble phakathi kwama-deliriums aseMelika awvamile ngenxa yobungozi obukhulu bokulimala.
Ukungathandeki
Ngokushiyeka kohlobo lokuzalela, ukubukeka kwabo okujwayelekile nokunenhlamba ekuqaleni kwakuhlukaniswa. Abafuyi abaningi abaningi bagxila enkingeni enjalo. Kepha ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, ubulukhuni obuyingqayizivele bezilwane babuyiselwe esikhundleni sobuhlakani bangaphandle futhi basuswa ohlwini lokushoda.
Futhi, yize lesi silwane siphawuleka ngokuzithoba, izimo ezithile ziyadingeka ukuthola imiphumela ephezulu kumahhashi anjalo futhi uzizwe kahle. Badinga ukunikeza indawo efanelekile yokubamba, kanye nezitimela ezikhethekile ezisiza ukugcina ithoni ye-stallion.
Uhlobo olujwayelekile olufuywa ngamahhashi lubizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi uhlobo olunamandla kakhulu emhlabeni. Lezi zilwane zithole amarekhodi amaningi esivinini somhlaba emijahweni onamaqembu akhanyayo. Kulesi mdlalo asetshenziswa namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-trotters aseMelika asetshenziselwa futhi ukuthuthukisa eminye imigqa ye-pedigree, ekhulisa inani labo. Imiphumela ebalulekile yesilwane ingatholakala kuphela uma isilwane sinikezwe izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa nokuqeqeshwa.
Umlando wokuvela
Lelihhashi lalizalwe eMelika, ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezinzima kunazo zonke zohlobo lokuzala. Kwakusetshenziswa amahhashi amsulwa ekuzaleni. Ngokufana, nezinye izinhlobo. Kumele kuqapheleke ukuthi iqhaza elikhulu enqubweni yokwakhiwa kwezinhlobo zaseMelika lidlalwa yi-stallion egibele amabhasi, eyayingumnikazi wejazi lamahhashi elimpunga.
Waba nengxenye enkulu ngenkathi yesikhathi esijabulisayo yezinhlanga ezahlukahlukene, wawina ukuqala kweziyisishiyagalombili kulezo eziyishumi nane ezenzeka. Iminyaka engamashumi amabili, kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1788, ngemuva kokulethwa kwakhe ePhiladelphia, wasetshenziswa e-United States njenge-stallion stallion. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli hhashi, ngokweqiniso ukusho, laliwela kuphela izinto ezikhethekile ezihlanjululwe nge-pure. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili yokuzalaniswa, ngosizo lwayo, kutholakala igatsha elikhethekile lama-trotters, okwathi ngezimpawu zabo zokuphaphama nokuqina, babengabazi ontanga.
IStallion Messenger
Ukuzala inkohliso ejwayelekile
Ekuzaliseni inkohliso ejwayelekile, inqubo ekhulayo nokuqeqeshwa kwekhwalithi okwenziwa ochwepheshe kubaluleke kakhulu. Azikho ezibaluleke kangako izivivinyo ze-agility ze-agility, futhi, ukukhetha.
E-United States, emapulazini amaningi ama-stud, izinyoni zizalwa kubakhiqizi abahamba phambili. Zikhule lapho zize ziqale unyaka owodwa nengxenye, ngemuva kwalokho zithengiswe.
Ukulungiswa kwamahhashi okuvivinya umjaho wenziwa ngabaqeqeshi abanolwazi. Kwenziwa kumadepho akhethekile wokuqeqesha. Ihhashi elinyakazayo laseMelika, elifinyelela eminyakeni emibili, kumele limboze i-track engu-1609 m okungenani imizuzu emi-2 imizuzwana eli-15. Ama-amblers kumele adlalwe kakhulu.Uma imiphumela yokubaleka ingagculisi, khona-ke ihhashi ngeke lisetshenziswe emiqhudelwaneni. Ngakho-ke, izinga elidingekayo lobunzima be-rock liyagcinwa.
Njengamanje, ama-trotters aseMelika ahlukaniswe imigqa emibili, kuya nge-gait ehamba ngayo. Ama-amblers abhekwa njengawokuqala, nama-trotters aye kwesesibili. Kulowo nalowo kubo kwakukhona abakhiqizi abanikeza inzalo esezingeni elifanele.
Emgqeni wama-ambler, anjengeDirect, Abbadale neNible Hanover. Futhi ngama-trotters, iVolomite, iScotland ne-Axential kubhekwa kanjalo.
Ukukhohlisa okujwayelekile kuvame ukwehluka kakhulu komunye nomunye ngohlobo lomzimba nokukhula. Ukwehluka okunjalo kubangelwa ukuthi ukukhetha bekuvame ukwenziwa kuphela ngokudlala, futhi ingaphandle, ngokwesibonelo, belingenakubaluleka okukhulu kakhulu.
Ama-trotters aseMelika eRussia
E-Russia, ekuqaleni kwalelikhulu lama-20 leminyaka, lapho inani eliphakeme lokuthandwa kwakukhona ama-Oryol trotters, ababengazi ukwehlulwa, ababehlukaniswa ngesivinini sabo esingajwayelekile nesivinini. Inkazimulo ngabo yagcwala kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Kwakungalezo zinsuku, ikakhulukazi zemincintiswano nama-Oryol trotters, ukuthi amahhashi asezingeni eliphakeme aqale ukulethwa eRussia evela eMelika. Leli gama lalingavamile endlebeni yaseRussia, ngakho-ke ngokushesha baqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi ama-trotters aseMelika. Ngokushesha baba izimbangi ezinzima zamahhashi anyathela ama-Oryol, ababengalingani kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ama-trotters aseMelika eRussia ngasiphi ibanga athola indawo yokuqala.
Ukuzalela istrotter saseRussia
Ngenxa yokunqoba okhiqizwe amahhashi asezingeni elijwayelekile, abafuyi bamahhashi baseRussia bathola umqondo wokuthuthukisa ubunzima bama-Oryol trotters ngokuwela nabo nabaseMelika. Injalo-ke inqubo inqubo yokuzalanisa i-trotter yaseRussia. Ama-stallions u-Alvin, uBob Douglas noGeneral Eych, nabenze umfutho omkhulu kunabo bonke, kanye nabanye abamele abanye abazalanisi abasebenza ejwayelekile, bawelwa ne-Oryol trotters. Kamuva, bona uqobo kanye nama-mestizos aphumela baba ngabakhi behhashi elinyakazayo laseRussia.
I-Gumbletonian Stallion
Ukulethwa kwesibili
Isikhathi esanele ngokwanele, kusukela empini yombango kuze kube yiminyaka yama-60s, inkohliso ejwayelekile ayizange ithengwe. Isidingo sazo savela lapho abafuyi bamahhashi baseSoviet banquma ukwandisa ukudlala kwe-Russian trotter. Futhi ngo-1966, ukulethwa kwesibili kwamahhashi asezingeni eliphakeme kwenziwa. Ekuqaleni, amahhashi athengwa abafuyi bamahhashi baseSoviet ahlala epulazini iZlynsky Stud, abese ethuthela eMaikop GZK, etholakala kakhulu eningizimu. Njengoba yasheshe yaguqulwa yaba ipulazi labafundi, ingxenye yokukhohlisa okujwayelekile eyayikhona yathuthelwa eKuban State Customs Committee eyenzelwe bona ngokukhethekile.
Phakathi kwama-trotters aseMelika athengwe kuma-60s kwakunguLow Hanover, okwathi, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, waba negalelo ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwamahhashi amakhulu aseRussia. Kwavela kuye inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lama-trotters ane-agility ephezulu ngempela.
Race ku-racing
Ukulethwa kwesithathu
Kodwa-ke, isizukulwane esilandelayo sezizukulwane zama-stallion avelele sasingakwazi ukugcina amandla asezingeni elidingekayo, futhi abakhiqizi bamahhashi banquma ukuthenga elinye iqembu lokukhohlisa okujwayelekile. Ukulethwa kwesithathu kwama-trotters aseMelika eRussia kuphumelele kakhudlwana. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakulethwa amahhashi amaningi abaluleke ngempela evela e-United States. Lawa ma-stallion awazange anqamuke kuphela nama-Russian trotters, kodwa futhi asetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa izikhohlisi ezijwayelekile. Owayedume kakhulu kulokhu kwakunguRepriz. Wamukelwa njengomkhiqizi omuhle kakhulu, ngoba lesi situdiyo sesudi ye-bay sanika abalingisi abahamba kahle kakhulu besigaba se-2.05. Kwakuvela kuye nendodakazi kaLow Hanover, owalethwa ngeminyaka yama-60s esuka e-USA ayiswa eSorrento, owaziwa njengomqambiqobi omuhle kakhulu wase Melika. Futhi inzalo edumile yaseReprise yiGrotto noNut.
Ngokubambisana naye, uGallant Pro walethwa e-USSR. IRangout emnyama-bay stallion Rangout, ezalwa kuyena nendodakazi kaRefrise Rhetoric, ingancintisana nodumo noSorrento. Kwaphela iminyaka emine engowokuqala emalini yemiklomelo etholwe kulo mncintiswano. E-Central Moscow Hippodrome, iRangout yayingeyesibili kulokhu. Lapho, wawina cishe yonke imiklomelo ebalulekile. Ukuzuzwa okuphambili kweRangout kubhekwa njengerekhodi elibekwe nguye lapho ebamba iqhaza ku- "Elite Prize". Uphathe ibanga ngemizuzwana eyi-1 59.1 imizuzwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi lapho umganu udabule khona indlela eyi-2400 m ubude kubhekwa irekhodi lawo eliphelele. Kube yimizuzwana emi-3 02.0 imizuzwana.
Ukufana kwamaRototter aseRussia naseMelika
Ukufana phakathi kwama-trotter aseRussia naseMelika azalelwa eRussia kumane kumangalisa. Eqinisweni, amelela uhlobo olulodwa futhi aphansi kakhulu ekukhohlisweni okuvamile okuvela emazweni aseMelika nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, yize eRussia babamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni ngokulingana okulinganayo, kuyilapho amadoda e-Oryol encintisana kuphela.
E-Russia, umsunguli wabo bonke abakhiqizi baseMelika yiSkyy Crown. Kuvela kuye kuzalwe uPrakas, oyindodakazi ebeka amarekhodi omhlaba. Manje eRussia, itrotter yaseMelika ibhalwe emapulazini amahhashi angaphezu kwe-15.
Njengamanje, ama-trotters amahle kakhulu aseMelika azalwa eRussia uLemur, uPlate kanye noFaro. U-Lemur vele eseneminyaka emithathu ubonise irekhodi eliphelele. Wamboza ithrekhi yamamitha ayi-1,600 ngomzuzu owodwa, imizuzwana engama-59.2. Isandulelo senziwe ngempumelelo ekubalekeni, ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Wazihlukanisa emiqhudelwaneni eJalimane, lapho ebangeni le-1600 m ahlangana khona ngemizuzu emi-2. E-Russia, wahlanganisa ithrekhi ka-2400 m ngemizuzu emi-3, imizuzwana eyi-3.0. UFaro ungumnikazi wemiklomelo eminingi namarekhodi. Isikhathi lapho amboze ibanga lamamitha ayi-1,600 kwakuyimizuzu emi-2 nemizuzwana engu-0.4.
Kepha akunandaba, ihhashi lokudonsela amnyama laseMelika liqashelwa njengezinga lejubane nokushesha emhlabeni jikelele, futhi kuze kube manje akukwazanga ukuzala kabusha uhlobo oluhle kakhulu.
Izici ezijwayelekile
Uhlobo lokuzala lubizwa ngokuthi i-standard bred, ngemuva kusukela ngo-1879 kuphela amahhashi anezinga elithile le-agility aqala ukufakwa ezincwadini ze-stud: ama-trotters adinga ukugijima imayela (amamitha ayi-1609) ngokungadluli imizuzu eyi-2 imizuzwana engama-30, nabamamelayo - ngemizuzu engu-2 imizuzwana engama-25. Incwadi yokuqala yezizukulwane ezintsha yanyatheliswa ngo-1871, futhi eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kamuva, igama layo lamanje laba yizwi lokuzalela - ukukhohlisa okujwayelekileSimile), ngokuhunyushwa okusho ukuthi "kuthathwe ngokujwayelekile."
Ukudlala okuhlukile kwe "baseMelika" kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi izimpande zalolu hlobo lokubeletha zibuyela kuma-stallion agibele amahhashi. Lapho kuzalaniswa izinhlobo, amaNorfolk trotters, ama-ambler aseCanada, ama-Arabian, amahhashi amaBarberi kanye nezinhlobo zikaMorgan. Kukholelwa ukuthi wonke ama-trotter aseMelika anamuhla anomakhi oyedwa - i-bay Hamletonian X (Gambletonian Risdick).
Kusukela lapho ukuzalaniswa kwalokhu kuzalaniswa kwabafuyi bamahhashi, ukukhula kanye nemininingwane yangaphandle akubekwa ngaphambili, inkohliso ejwayelekile ayinemikhawulo eyodwa ecacile yangaphandle nokukhula. Amahhashi alokhu kuzalanisa aphakathi kuka-142 no-163 cm, amade. Ingaphandle, i-delirium esejwayelekile imvamisa ifana nomjaho onesiqiniseko esinemilenze emincane edlulile nemilenze emifushane.
Amasudi ngokuyinhloko ayibhayoni, ansundu, abomvu, ama-karak, maningi amnyama futhi ampunga. Ambalwa kakhulu amahhashi anezimpawu ezimhlophe. Amahhashi ampunga ngokuvamile azama ukuvimba ukuzala.
