I-Somic otocinclus - inhlanzi encane enamanzi ahlanzekile enobude obungamasentimitha angama-5.5. Indawo yokuhlala iNkabeni neNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi i-Argentina, iPeru, iColombia, iBrazil, i-Orinoco basin kanye ne-Amazon engenhla. Ama-Ototsinklusy akhetha imifula ngokugeleza kancane, lapho ahlala khona ezikoleni ezinkulu, kwesinye isikhathi ezibalelwa ezinkulungwaneni zamakhulu.
Umzimba we-otocinclus unesimo seslindle, isici se-catfish eyizinkulungwane eziningi, okungowomndeni wayo. Babizwa nangokuthi yi-loricaria catfish, ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseRoma izembatho ze-legionnaire zabizwa ngokuthi "i-loric-ka". Ngempela, ama-catfish alo mndeni ambozwe ngamapuleti amathambo adlala indima yokuvikela.
Esithombeni, i-catfish otocinclus zebra
I-Ototsinklus ayihlukile - izinhlangothi zayo zivikelwe ngokuthembekile yimigqa yamapuleti aphuzi grey, ingemuva elimnyama libuye limbozwe ngegobolondo lamathambo, okuwukuphela kwendawo ebuthakathaka emzimbeni yisisu sayo sobisi-grey, amaphiko mancane, acishe abonakala ngokuphelele. Ohlangothini, emzimbeni wonke, ulayini omnyama ubonakala kahle, uphenduka ubala endaweni engaphansi komsila. Isimo nobukhulu bamabala kungahlukahluka kusuka ezinhlotsheni kuya ezinhlotsheni.
Isici esithandekayo salezi zinhlanzi ukuphefumula kwamathumbu. Ngale njongo, kune-bubble yomoya emzimbeni we-otocyclus, okuthi uma kunesidingo, ikhuphule izinga lokuqina, isize inhlanzi iphumele ngokushesha ebusweni ngemuva komoya. Uma i-catfish ivame ukuphuma, sekuyisikhathi sokukhala komsindo, ngoba ngale ndlela uphefumula kuphela lapho ukuphefumula gill kunganele futhi namanzi engagcwele umoya-mpilo.
I-Ototsinklus - ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi ezinesizotha. Ngesikhathi sokuvuka, umatasa udla i-algae encane, enganakile abanye abahlali base-aquarium, uma bengaziphathi ngokhahlo. Lezi zisebenzi ezingakhathali zihlala emathangeni ezitshalo, ematsheni noma ezindongeni ze-aquarium, zikhuhla izingxenyana eziningi ngomlomo wazo. Amazinyo e-otocinclus mancane kakhulu ukuthi awakwazi ukulimaza iziqu namaqabunga, ngakho-ke aphephile izitshalo eziphilayo.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Ototsinklus nokuhambisana
1. Umthamo we-aquarium kufanele okungenani ube amalitha angama-60, ubuningi bezimila, izikebhe namatshe. Indawo yokugcina ephansi enobubanzi obukhulu izoba yanele, ngoba endle, izimbaza zasolwandle zithanda amanzi angajulile futhi azibhukudi zijule ngaphezu kuka-0.5 m.
2. Umbuso wokushisa wobukhona obunethezekayo be-catfish enjalo kufanele uzinze, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezingazelelwe. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lesondlo sabo esiphumelelayo - 22-27 ° C. Iningi le-catfish le-chain alikwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-30 ° C. I-Aeration kufanele futhi ibe khona.
3. Ngokwesimo, izinhlanzi ze-otocinclus zihlala emihlanjini eminingi, abantu abaningana kumele bangeniswe e-aquarium ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba usayizi wabo ukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ama-6-8 soms, noma ngenani elincane.
4. AmaChain catfish azwela amanzi angcolile. E-aquarium lapho kuhlala khona i-otocyclus, kuyadingeka ukuguqula amanzi masonto onke okungenani ngekota yevolumu ephelele.
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngaphambili, lolu hlobo lunokuthula okukhulu, ngakho-ke i-otocinclus isondelene nezinye izinhlanzi ezincane. Ungazigcini ngokuhlangana nezakhamizi ezinkulu ze-aquarium, ngokwesibonelo ngama-cichlid, ngoba laba bamuva bathanda ukuhlasela i-fry encane.
Kodwa-ke, uhlamvu lwemali lunobubi obukhulu: ama-solarists amaningi aphawula ukuthambekela kwe-otocinclus ukunamathela ku-discus kanye nesikali ukuze kudle i-mucus yazo emile. Vele, ama-scalars aweneme ngalokhu, ngakho-ke ukusondela kwawo kuphambane kakhulu.
Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, uhlobo lwe-Otocinclus lunezinhlobo eziyi-18 ezihlukile. Bonke abameleli balolu hlobo lobuciko banemibala efanayo nomucu ocacile, ongaqhubeka, ube mude, ube mncane, ubanzi, kepha kunoma yisiphi isimo ungahluka. Indawo emnyama emsileni ibuye ibe khona kuwo wonke ama-otocincluses; izinhlaka zayo zingaba zindilinga, zibunjiwe njengo-W noma zifane noxantathu.
I-Ototsinklus affinis, noma i-otocinclus ejwayelekile kutholakala kuma-aquariums kaningi kunabanye. Ubude bekatifish kungamasentimitha amathathu kuphela, umbala ogqamile ungumbala ophuzi, izinhlangothi zimakwe umugqa onsundu onsundu, ingemuva lingwevu-beige ngombala obonwe ngezinsundu ezinsundu namabala emabula. Amaphiko aqondile anganikeza okuluhlaza okotshani.
AmaSomic otocinclus affinis
Ototsinclus Arnoldi - imvelaphi yaseLa Plata River (eBrazil). Lolu hlobo lubukeka kakhulu njenge-otocinclius ejwayelekile, kepha amabala ansundu ansundu emuva abizwa kakhulu e-Arnoldi. Kwabanye isithombe, i-otocinclus ezimbili zalezi zinhlobo zingadideka.
I-Ototsinklus yayimabala Weza kithi evela eningizimu mpumalanga yeBrazil, lapho atholakala cishe kuyo yonke imbangi. Umzimba walezi zinhlobo upendiwe ngopende we-grey-olive, kukhona izinhlobo ezinombala ophuzi grey. Izicucu ezincane eziningi kulo lonke ubude bezinhlanzi zichaza igama lazo. Imicu eseceleni nayo ikhona - kuyanqunyelwa ku-otocinclus echophile.
I-oticinclus yamaSomic yayimabala
Thenga i-otocinclus kungenzeka zombili emakethe, nakuyiphi shop-pet. Ngenxa yezinzuzo abazilethayo, isidingo salezi zinhlanzi ezingalingani sikhula unyaka nonyaka. Intengo ye-Otocinclus cishe ama-ruble angama-200 kuya kwangama-200.
Umsoco
Isebenza njalo nenkomishi yakhe yokudonsa yomlomo, i-otocinclus iqoqa i-microalgae ne-zooplankton ebusweni. E-aquarium esanda kuhlanzwa, angabulawa yindlala, ngoba ukudla kwakhe kwemvelo akwanele. Ukudla i-algae edla indlala kuzodinga ukondliwa ngokudla okukhethekile kwemifino. Ngeke anqabe i-zucchini igcotshwe ngamanzi abilayo, isipinashi, ukhukhamba. Ngesikhathi sokuqalwa kokudla, ekudleni okuqukethe amaprotheni amaningi kufanele kufakwe ekudleni.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Ubulili be-otocinclus abukho nzima ukucacisa - izintokazi, njengomthetho, zinde futhi zinkulu. E-aquarium, lezi zinhlanzi ezingama-catfish zizalanisa ngempumelelo kakhulu, ngoba azikho izimo ezikhethekile ezizaliswayo ezizaliswayo. Isisusa esihle sokuqalisa ukusakaza ngukushintsha kwamanzi kube okusha.
Isikhathi sokuthandana sibonisa imidlalo eyinqayizivele yokuzalela nokuqina phakathi kwabesilisa. Ngokuqhekeka ngempumelelo, kungcono ukutshala wonke umhlambi wama-otocincluse ndawonye, khona-ke ngokwawo azohlukaniswa ngababili.
Lapho kwenziwa isinqumo, insikazi icindezela ikhanda lakhe esiswini sowesilisa, bese ibumba igama elithi “T”, lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kobisi. Amaqanda acwilisiwe anamathela endaweni ebekade ihlanziwe ngaphambili, lapho ayovuthwa khona izinsuku ezi-2-7. Ubumbano buneqanda ama-translucent amancane ayi-100-150.
Izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ngemuva kokuvuthwa, kwakhiwa kahle i-hry hatch, okumele igcinwe endaweni ephansi (ngaphansi kwama-20 cm), futhi inikezwe nge-microworm, neqanda leqanda ne-spirulina. Amafutha avuthwa ngokocansi eneminyaka eyi-7 yobudala, nokuqukethwe okulungile ekudingisweni, ama-catfish otocinclus aphile iminyaka engama-5-6.
Incazelo
Umzimba wale nhlanzi unwetshwe ngokulinganayo kusuka ekhanda uye emsileni, umbozwe ngegobolondo, ngezinga elithile ukuvikela ezitheni. I-carapace ihlanganisa umhlane nezinhlangothi, ishiya isisu singavikelekile. Ubukhulu bomzimba - kufika ku-5 cm. Umlomo wenziwe ngendlela yokuthi kube lula ukuqoqa i-algae, ngaphandle kokulimaza izitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlomo onjenge-sucker usiza i-catfish ukubhekana nokugeleza endaweni yayo yemvelo. Umsila namaphiko amancane, akamuva akhiwe eduze nesisu.
Izinhlobo
Ukuchazwa kwezinhlobo zama-otocyncluses kwehluka kakhulu ngemibala. Ubukhulu nomumo womzimba namaphiko kucishe kufane. Isici esibonakalayo sayo yonke inhlanzi imicu emnyama eduze komzimba ezinhlangothini. Kwezinye izinhlobo kuyakhanya, kwezinye kubonakala kungabonakali.
- i-otocinclus affinis, isidlo se-algae ejwayelekile, inhlanzi ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-aquarium yalolu hlobo. Inomzimba we-silvery one-hue yegolide, umnyama emhlane futhi ukhanya esiswini. Amabala amnyama esimilo esingajwayelekile atholakala ngokungahleliwe kuwo wonke umzimba.
- i-otocinclus inebala - umbala omkhulu womzimba ungumnqumo onombala onsundu, amabala amnyama amnyama asakazeke emzimbeni wonke, ngaphandle kwesisu, ayigolide futhi icacile.
- i-otocinclus negros - ihlukaniswa ngombala omnyama onobukhazikhazi, cishe nombala omnyama onamabala amancane amnyama wegolide noma amabala. Isisu cishe simhlophe.
- i-otocinclus arnoldi - kulula ukuyiphambanisa nomuntu odla ukudla okujwayelekile kwe-algae, umehluko ukuthi amabala amnyama futhi abukhali, ikakhulukazi emuva.
- i-otocinclus vittatus, i-otocinclus Broadband - umbala oyinhloko umnqumo omnyama nge-tint grey, umucu ohlangothini unabile futhi ubonakala kakhulu kunakwezinye izinhlobo. Amabala amnyama ayabonakala emhlane, isisu sinokukhanya okuhlukile, umbala waso uqala ngokushesha ngemuva komucu omnyama.
Lezi zinduku ezincane zilungele ama-aquarium amakhulu namancane, bobabili abaqalayo kanye nama-aquarists anolwazi anazo. I-Ototsinklusy - uhlobo lokungezelela okuwusizo kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium. Umthetho oyinhloko kulondolozo nokunakekelwa kugcina amapharamitha wamanzi aqhubekayo: ubulukhuni, i-acidity, izinga lokushisa kanye nenani le-oxygen. Mangaki ama-otocincluses ahlala ku-aquarium ngokuya ngezimo zokuphila kanye nokuqina kwesibambiso. Isikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka emi-4-5. Lezi zokuhlanza zizwela kakhulu ushintsho kunoma yimaphi amapharamitha wamanzi.
- Umthamo we-Aquarium - ama-catfish angama-6-7 angabekwa ku-aquarium ngenani lama-50 l. Lokhu kwanele empilweni entofontofo ye-otocinclus. Lapho likhula inani elikhulu, izinhlanzi ziba ntofontofo, futhi lapho zingaxazululwa. Uma ukukhetha kwehlela ku-otocinclus maria, lapho umuntu esemdala enobukhulu obufika ku-2,5 cm, khona-ke lezi zingane zingalungiswa ngesilinganiso samalitha ayi-10 ngenhlanzi ngayinye.
- Izinga lokushisa 22-25 ° C.
- Ubunzima 2-15 °.
- Umsamo 5-7,5.
- Ama-Ototsinklusy akhetha amanzi amsulwa anomfudlana oqinile nosizo olwanele. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwesihlungi esidala ukugeleza ne-compressor egcwalisa amanzi nge-oxygen kuyinto efiseleka kakhulu. Lawa makati ane-peculiarity ngendlela yokuphefumula kwamathumbu: uma umoya-mpilo umncane kakhulu, ngokuvamile aqala ukuntanta futhi abambe umoya ovela ebusweni. Lokhu "isilinganiso esiphuthumayo", futhi akufanelekile ukulethwa kulokhu: isikhathi sempilo kanye nokumelana nezifo ngokuntuleka kwe-oksijeni isikhathi eside kwehla kakhulu.
- Ukuhlanza inhlabathi nge-siphon futhi uguqule amanzi abe ingxenye yesine yevolumu - kanye emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu (ezindaweni ezinamanzi amancane njalo, ezindaweni ezinamanzi amakhulu njengoba ziba zingcolile, kodwa okungenani kanye ngenyanga).
- Ama-adhesives awanandaba nezitshalo ze-aquarium, inhloso yawo i-plaque ne-algae ehlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ama-otocincluse alungele ukugcinwa kuma-aquariums anezitshalo eziphilayo: awazidli, awaphuli, kepha aqoqe kuphela i-plaque evela phezulu.
- Lezi zinhlanzi azinakho okuthandayo ngomhlabathi nokuhlobisa. Inhlabathi emhlophe ibukeka kahle, ikhombisa inhlanzi kangcono. Kepha kujwayelekile futhi kuthule ngokwengeziwe ngabo ukuthi babe namatshe amancanyana ahlanganisiwe nengxenye ka-5-7 mm. Ukuhlobisa - amatshe, i-driftwood, amashubhu e-ceramic kanye nejugs nezinye izinto ezidala izimo eziseduzane nemvelo yemvelo.
Ukondla
Ngaphandle kokuthi abahlanze bahlala bematasa ngokudla i-plaque, ukudla kwabo kudinga ukunwetshwa. Ukudla okunempilo kufaka phakathi ukondla amaprotheni kanye nemifino ukudla. Ukudla okukhethekile kwe-aquarium catfish kukuvumela ukuthi wenzele izinto ezingekho, uqinise umbala, uqinise ukumelana nezifo. Njengokwelapha, ulethisi onenxeba noma ukhukhamba unganikezwa i-otocinclus. Izinsalela zokudla zalolu hlobo kufanele zisuswe emanzini.
I-nuance ebalulekile: ku-aquarium esanda kwethulwa, cishe akukho zibalo odongeni. Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, inhlanzi izofa yindlala uma ingondliwe futhi. Ngakho-ke, unganciki eqinisweni lokuthi izinhlanzi ngokwazo zizokuthola ukudla. Amanzi asolwandle ngenxa yobumnandi bakhe ngaphezu komthombo wokudla oyinhloko. Ama-Ototsinklusy awahlupheki ngokweqile, futhi ngokudla okugcwele, awashiyi umsebenzi wawo wokuhlanza ithangi.
Ukuziphatha kanye nokuvumelana
Abadli be-algae bayizinhlanzi ezinokuthula futhi ezingenakuphikwa. Ayizibangeli ukukhathazeka kwezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium, zivikelwe ikhava elincane elivela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. I-carapace kungenzeka ingasindisi kokukhulu (i-astronotuse, upholi kanye namanye ama-cichlid amakhulu), ngakho-ke izinhlanzi ezinjalo komakhelwane azilungele i-catfish. Ochwepheshe bezasemanzini abanolwazi balulekelele ngaphandle ukuthi ukusondela kulezo zilwane izinhlangothi zazo zimbozwe nge-mucus yokuvikela (i-angelfish, i-discus). I-Ototsinkllyusy emzamweni wokuhlanza yonke into ezungezile, imvamisa ukufinyelela kule "plaque".
Izinhlanzi ezinokuthula ezinjengama-guppies, izinkemba, i-gourami nokunye okunjalo ngabangane abalungele i-otocinclus. Ukutusa okujwayelekile kokuhambisana: inhlanzi akufanele ibe yindawo, enkulu futhi ibe nolaka.
Isici esiyingqayizivele se-otocinclus ukusondelana kwabo. Ukuze uphile kamnandi nokuzalanisa, badinga omakhelwane bohlobo lwabo! I-aquarium yasekhaya iqukethe okungenani izinhlanzi ezingama-5-6, kulapho iba ngcono khona.
Isifo
Njengoba le nhlanzi ye-aquarium ingazibekezeleli izinguquko ezisheshayo zokuqina nokuqina kwe-acidity, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kumele kuthathwe lapho kudluliswa kusuka kwelinye ithangi kuya kwelinye. Ukugxuma ezingeni le-Ph kuzoholela ekufeni ngokushesha, noma ukungatheleleki kokuzivikela komzimba. Uma i-otocinculus ibuthakathaka, maningi amathuba okuthi ungenwe yizo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane zasolwandle kanye nesikhunta. Ezinye izinhlanzi ziqinile, kepha, ngeshwa, azihlali isikhathi eside. Kuyenzeka ukuthi lapho ifika eminyakeni emithathu ifa nje ngokuguga.
Isiphetho
I-Ototsinkus sucker catfish ingukutholwa kwangempela kwe-aquascaping. Abalandeli balesi simo se-aquarium bazama ukudala i-biotope emathangini asondele ngangokunokwenzeka kwizimo zangempela: inani elikhulu lezitshalo ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobukhulu. Ama-aquarium anjalo kunzima kakhulu ukuwahlanzisisa ngokuphelele, futhi ama-otocincluses ahlala esiza ukutakula, angalimazi design. Ama-aquarium amaDashi nawo aqukethe izitshalo eziningi futhi akuvamile ukwenza ngaphandle kwezihlanza. Ekugcineni, e-aquarium yasekhaya ejwayelekile, lezi zinhlanzi nazo zizizwa zikhulu futhi kalula zigcina ichibi lihlanzekile ngaphandle kokumba emhlabathini, libeka izinto ngokuhlelekile futhi lingaphazamisi abanye abahlali.
Ukubukeka
Le catfish yayibizwa nge-chain mail ngenxa yokuba khona kwamapuleti amathambo avikelayo. Umzimba uphakama, uthambile kancane ezinhlangothini. Ifinyelela ku-3-5.5 cm ubude. Umhlane umnyama, amapuleti aphuzi, isisu simhlophe. Ezinhlangothini kukhona imivimbo emnyama yobude obude. Amaphini e-dorsal ne-pectoral abukhali, asobala. Umlomo ngenkomishi yokudonsa, amehlo amakhulu. Kunokwehluka ezinhlotsheni ngemibala.
Ingakanani i-catfish ehlala
Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, u-Ototsinklus uhlala iminyaka engama-5-6.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-17 ze-otocinclus ezaziwa ukuthi zithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elivamile. Zonke izinhlobo zilungele ukugcinwa emanzini. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu:
- I-Ototsinclus affinis noma ezejwayelekile (Otocinclus affinis). Umbala uphuzi, umucu onsundu udlula eceleni kwezinhlangothi. Kukhona amabala ansundu emhlane omnyama. Amaphiko kukhona translucent nge tint oluhlaza.
- Okuhlotshisiwe. Faka umbala kumathoni omnqumo ophuzi, umzimba unephethini lemivimbo emifushane, amabala amnyama ngemuva.
- Arnoldi. Izinhlobo, ezikhumbuza kakhulu i-otocyclus ejwayelekile, zihlukaniswa izindawo ezimnyama ezinsundu.
- UMaria Kuyathengiswa okuvamile. Ilungele ukugcinwa ezitsheni ezincane, njengoba ikhula cishe ngo-2 cm.
I-Ototsinklusyam idinga amanzi ahlanzekile ngokugeleza okusheshayo, okugcwele umoya-mpilo. Okuqukethwe okukhulu kwezinhlanzi emaqenjini abantu abayisithupha. I-Catfish, efuthwe ngokwemvelo, idinga ukuzivumelanisa nesikhathi eside ne-aquarium, ikhetha kakhulu ukudla.
Izinhlobo ze-Otocinclus
Yize inani lokubhaliselwa kwe-catfish lifinyelela ku-18, bambalwa kuphela abathandwayo. Ukuchazwa kwabo kutholakala ezincwadini ezikhethekile.
Kodwa ama-aquarists anolwazi nama-novice akhetha lezi zinhlobo:
- Affinis. Cishe wonke umuntu wamfuya. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ubude bomzimba buyi-3-4 cm. Umbala - isiliva-liphuzi. Ezinhlangothini kukhona umucu onsundu. Zonke izinhlayiya zisobala futhi ziluhlaza okotshani.
- I-Catfish ehlotshisiwe. Umbala womzimba - ompunga ompunga noma ophuzi -mpunga. Amabala amnyama ahlanganiswe emzimbeni wonke.
- Arnoldi. Lokhu okubhaliselwe kuyafana ne-affinis.Kepha ngemuva kwezinhlanzi ezinjalo kunezindawo ezimnyama ezinsundu. Bahlukaniswa kuphela ngabasizi bamanzi abanolwazi.
Qiniseka ngaphambi kokungena
Ngaphambi kokuqala i-aquarium, beka izinhlanzi ezisanda kutholwa ethangini elikhethekile. Sebenzisa i-aquarium engenamhlabathi engu-30-litre njenge-quarantine. Uma lesi sifo singatholakali emavikini angama-3-4, beka i-otocinclus endaweni evamile ye-aquarium. Amanzi anokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-peat kufanelekile ukuhlukaniswa. Faka isixazululo esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka se-methylene Ungafaki usawoti, izixazululo eziqukethe ithusi nezinambuzane emanzini, ngoba i-otocinclus ayizibekezeleli lezi zinto.
Izici zokugcina emanzini
- Umthamo we-aquarium usukela kumalitha angama-60-70. Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-otocinclus ingumhlambi wabantu ngabanye. Futhi ethangini elilodwa kuqukethe abantu abangu-6-10. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho akhetha iziqukathi ezixande ezinobukhulu obukhulu.
- Imifino. Izitshalo ezinemithunzi, i-algae zitshalwa e-aquarium, kubekwa amatshe okuhlobisa kanye ne-Driftwood. Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-catfish ithanda iziqukathi ezigcwele kakhulu. Ekuhlobiseni, kusetshenziswa izitshalo ezinomthunzi, ama-algae athile, amahlumela namaqabunga.
- Imodi yokushisa. Ziqukethe i-otocinclus e-aquarium lapho amanzi afudumele khona ukuba afike kuma-23-27 degrees. Ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-30 degrees kucasule ukubukeka kwezifo, ukufa kwezinhlanzi. Ama-heater asetshenziselwa ukugcina amazinga okushisa.
- Isibani Ukuze izinhlanzi zifanele ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okwakhiwa kusetshenziswa izibani ze-fluorescent.
- I-Aeration nokuhlunga. Abantu basabela kabi lapho kukhona ukungcola, emanzini amile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwama-aerator kanye nezihlungi zemishini kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Izinguquko zamanzi zenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10.
Ama-compressors kanye nama-heater amanzi asetshenziselwa ukudala izimo ezamukelekayo. Ngosizo lwabo, izinga elidingekayo lokushisa kwamanzi liyagcinwa, ukuhamba kancane.
Ukuzalela nokunakekela uFry
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-otocinclus kwenzeka ezimeni zemvelo nase-aquarium. Ngemuva kwakho konke, asikho isidingo sokwenza izimo ezikhethekile. Kwanele ukufeza ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukwenza ukufakwa kwamanzi okuphelele tanko.
Imidlalo yokuhlanganisa yenzeka ngaphambi kokusakazeka. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingxabano phakathi kwabesilisa ziyaqapheleka. I-Catfish ingazala ohlotsheni noma echibini elivamile. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho ancoma ukuhlukanisa umhlambi ukuze izinsikazi zikwazi ukuvela endaweni ezolile.
Ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kobisi kungalandelwa okwamanje lapho ikhanda lowesifazane licindezelwa ngokumelene nesisu sowesilisa. Ngemuva kwaloko lowesikati uphonsa emacandza emacandza etafuleni noma ematsheni lo mbhangqwana bewulungiselele. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sisukela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezingu-7. I-clutch ifaka amaqanda ayi-120-150.
Fry ivela ezinsukwini ezingama-3-4. Ilungiselelwe isitsha esihlukile, esilungiselelwe ukuphakama ngo-18-20 cm. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuqhekeka kusetshenziselwa ukukhulisa gazinga. Abadala bayasuswa ezindaweni ezinwebekayo, badluliselwe e-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Fry uphekelwa nge-infusoria, microworms, izikhupha ezihlanganisiwe. Kancane kancane, ukugqoka okuphezulu okwenziwe iqanda, imikhiqizo yamaprotheni ingeniswa ekudleni. I-fry esekhulile yokudla ku-algae brown.
Ama-fessurs azalaniswa eneminyaka engu-7-8 ubudala.
Ezimweni ze-aquarium, abadli be-algae bangaphila iminyaka eyi-6.
Ukuvumelana
I-Ototsinclus inokuthula. Ngakho-ke, iqukethe ngama-phenotypes amaningi enhlanzi, amancane ngosayizi.
Ama-Aquarists awancomi ukufaka i-catfish ngezibonakaliso zeveli ethangini elifanayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, zingaluma uhlangothi kanye nezimpiko zomsila.
Kuthangi elilodwa akuqukethe "izakhamuzi" ezinkulu, isibonelo, ama-cichlid. Ngempela, ama-phenotypes anjalo ahlasela abadla i-algae futhi abadle.
Omakhelwane abangathandeki bafaka i-labeo enemibala emibili. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-labeos ne-catfish ahlala ehlukanisa insimu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpi, ukulimala kuqhamuka.
Omakhelwane abakhethwe ngokungafanele bavame ukudala umonakalo, izifo kanye nezifo zokukhunta. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufaka i-aquarium ikoloni, ukuhambisana nezinhlobonhlobo zama-phenotypes kubhekwa.
Isidlakela se-Ototsinkllyus algae - abantu abahamba ngezimoto ezithile. Bahlanza amathangi asayizi ahlukahlukene nobukhulu. Njengokudla, basebenzisa i-algae e-brown and green, ebhebhetheka eduze kwezindonga zesiqukathi, izinto zokuhlobisa nezibaya.