I-ARKHANGELSK, Septhemba 8. / Corr. I-Tass Irina Skalina. Ososayensi baqale ukufaka amakhamera azobhekisisa ama-walruse weRed Book eGunter Bay, eNorthbrook Island, uFranz Josef Land Archipelago, uMaria Gavrilo, iphini likamqondisi wokucwaninga eRussia Arctic National Park, utshele i-TASS ngoLwesihlanu.
"Sifaka amakhamera amabili wokuqapha amandla ngokudubula kwesikhashana, kuzothatha izithombe njalo emahoreni amabili. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukukala izinombolo ngokwanele. Futhi isici sesibili amakhamera azenzakalelayo angahlaziya amandla phakathi kwesizini," kusho uGavrilo.
E-Gunther Bay, ama-walrus akha indawo yokucwilisa lapho izilwane ezingama-500 kuye kwezingu-1000 zingaba khona ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezinhle, ososayensi bangayivakashela kanye noma kaningana ngesizini, kodwa, ngokusho kweGavrilo, lokhu kuyingqophamlando esetshenzisiwe engakhombisi isithombe sangempela - izilwane azinakubanjwa endaweni yokuhlakazeka. "Kuzofanele sithole isikhathi sokushiya i-rookery iwa. Ngeke size sizibambe thina, futhi uma ikhamera isinda ngokuzumayo, sizobalandela lapho befika ngonyaka olandelayo," kucacisa uGavrilo.
Ngokusho kwakhe, lapho amafomu eqhwa, ama-walruse adlula emhlabeni kusukela ekuhlolweni komhlaba ukuya emafulethini eqhwa, lapho ezizwa ephephe kakhudlwana. Kusukela ezithombeni kuzokwazi ukuthola ukuthi ngubani ophumelelayo kwi-rookery - abesilisa noma abesifazane abanezinsana. Kuhlelwe ukuthi kuqoqwe ama-video ngesizini yasensimini ka-2018.
I-walrus yezinhlangano ezingaphansi kwe-Atlantic ibhalwe ku-International Red and Russian Book Red. Enyakatho yoLwandle lwaseBarents kuhlalwa ama-walruse eqembu lase-East Atlantic, asakazeka esuka eSvalbard aya e-Novaya Zemlya nasempumalanga eseningizimu ne-Barents Sea IFranz Josef Land yindawo yokuhlala unyaka wonke yama-walrus. Zitholakala yonke indawo esiqhingini esikhulu, kepha izindawo zokuhlushwa nendawo yama-rookeries kunqunywa isimo seqhwa, ukujula, imvelo yaphansi nokusatshalaliswa kwemiphakathi engezansi ehambisana nakho.
I-Russian Arctic National Park iyindawo yemvelo evikelekile kunazo zonke naseRussia. Kuhlanganisa iziqhingi zaseFranz Josef Land kanye nengxenye esenyakatho yesiqhingi saseNovaya Zemlya.
Lokhu kubuye kushicilelwe engxenyeni ethi "Umusa" - irubriki ehlanganyelwe nephrojekthi yezenhlalo yaseRussia ethi "Okubukhoma", yakhelwe ukusekela abantu ezimeni ezinzima.
Kuphi lapho?
Isiqhingi seziqhingi ezingama-192 sitholakala esiqongweni seplanethi. Lo mhlaba obandayo, ongafinyeleleki, ogezwe uLwandle iBarents, uwukugcina komhlaba enyakatho. Lapha, ama-icebergs ahlabelela emoyeni, aqhekeka eqandeni eqhweni futhi aqale uhambo olude olwandle, izindlovukazi ezinomkhuleko zikhuphuka esimnyama, zizibophela imimoya nomoya ngesiphepho esingenakunqotshwa. Kusukela ngonyaka we-2009, iFranz Josef Land ibiphethwe yiRussia Arctic National Park, indawo esenyakatho neyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke evikelekile kakhulu eRussia.
Ngokuphatha, lesi kuseyisifunda sase-Arkhangelsk, isikhathi lapha iMoscow. Kuya ezweni elingaphezulu ukusuka lapha kuya kwiNorth Pole. Ukusuka eCape Fligeli esiqhingini saseRudolph ukuya endaweni lapho khona ama-meridians ahlangana khona, amakhilomitha angama-900 kuphela, futhi ukuya kwiPhalamende laseKola selivele liyi-1200 km.
Ngabe uFranz Joseph uhlangana ngani nakho?
Ukufika lapha bekulokhu kuyindaba enobunzima - umoya nesimo sezulu esibi, iqhwa eliyingozi kade bekuyisithiyo ekutholakaleni okukhulu. Abokuqala ukwenza lokhu babengabahloli bamakhaza, amalungu ohambo lwase-Austro-Hungary uKarl Weiprecht noJulius Payer. Emzameni wokuthola indlela yasolwandle esenyakatho, isikebhe esihamba ngomkhumbi i-Admiral Tegethoff yama-Austrian sathunjwa. Iqembu alishiywe nalutho olunye ngaphandle kokuqamba amanga ku-Drift okwathatha unyaka wonke. Zilethwe emabhetsheni-amakhithi esiqhingi saseHalle ekupheleni kuka-Agasti 1873.
Lezi zindawo ezintsha zaqanjwa ngegama le-Emperor Franz Joseph I, Weiprecht noPayer ngalesosikhathi banquma ngephutha ukuthi lezi ziqhingi zanda ziye eNorth Pole. Endleleni, kwadingeka bashiye umkhumbi wabo eqhweni, futhi ama-pomor asendaweni abasiza ukuba baphume ogibeni lweqhwa, babakhombisa indlela eya eNorway. Ngemuva kwalokho, lesi siqhingi sahlongozwa ukuba siphinde siqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi yiRomanov Land, iNansen Land, kanye noMhlaba waseKropotkin, kodwa ngandlela thile kwabiza. Ngo-1914, ukaputeni wesikhundla sokuqala semikhumbi yaseRussia, u-Islyamov waphakamisa ifulege lombuso esiqhingini futhi wamemezela amalungelo eRussia kule ndawo. Ngo-1926, iziqhingi kwathiwa zingabakwa-USSR ngesinqumo se-CEC, kwathi ngo-1929 kwavulwa isiteshi sokuqala sazo semigwaqo engapheli.
Yini ukubona?
Nali ipharadesi langempela labasebenza ngama-glaciologists, cishe zonke iziqhingi zimbozwe ngokuphelele yiqhwa, obukhulu bawo kwezinye izindawo bufinyelela ku-400 m! Lokhu kunjalo nje ihlane lase-Arctic libukeka kanjani, lapho kungekho zihlahla noma izihlahla, kuphela iqhwa, i-permafrost, ama-mosses kanye nama-lichens. Kuhlala kubanda lapha, futhi isimo sezulu sishintsha njalo emizuzwini embalwa futhi ngasizathu simbe siba sibi njalo. EFranz Josef Land, okushisa akuvamile ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-zero, ngaphandle kokuthi maphakathi no-Julayi. Ubusuku be-polar buhlala esiqhingini sezinsuku ezingama-125, futhi izinsuku ezingama-140 zilandelana eziqhingini ilanga lingashoni. UFranz Josef Land uyindaba enhle mayelana nabahloli bamazwe we-polar abanjengoGeorgy Sedov, uFridtjof Nansen, uYalmar Johansen.
Ngubani ohlala lapho?
Yize ososayensi behlala eziteshini eziningana - i-Alexandra kanye neHayes - eziteshini ezakhiwe ngempova nasezisekelweni, iziqhingi azisasebenzi ngampela empilweni yomuntu. Kepha ezinhlotsheni eziyi-11 zezilwane ezincelisayo, lena yindawo ekahle. Lo ngumhlaba wamabhere asemakhondweni, ama-walruse ase-Atlantic, okubhalwe kuwo indawo enkulu kunazo zonke esiqhingini sase-Apollon, izintambo ezinamaphiko, izintambo zasolwandle (ama-lahtaks), izimpungushe ezingama-arctic, izinyoni zasolwandle ezinamaqabunga nasezintabeni zase-arctic. Amanzi esiqhingi esihlala kulezi ziqhingi ahlalwa yi-Greenland enhle kakhulu kanye nemikhomo ye-humpback, imikhomo ehlekisayo nemikhomo engama-minke. ECambridge Strait naseDezhnev Bay, kunethuba lokubona ama-narwhals ngisho ne-giant herring whale (Finwala), lesibili ngobukhulu phakathi kwezilwane zomhlaba.
Iqiniso elihehayo
Iziqhingi ezintathu kuphela zeFranz Josef Land eziqanjwe ngabesifazane. Futhi bonke bayizihlobo zikaFridtjof Nansen. Umhloli wezwe waseNorway wanikeza amagama izingcezu ezintathu zomhlaba ukuhlonipha umkakhe, indodakazi nonina - u-Eve, uLiv no-Adelaide. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, kwavela ukuthi empeleni iziqhingi zenkosikazi nezendodakazi zimelela indawo eyodwa. Igama lalesi siqhingi lizogcinwa kabili - u-Eva Liv
Ungafika kanjani lapha?
Indlela ilula kodwa iyabiza - uhamba ngomkhumbi ozohamba ngomkhumbi noma i-yacht kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba. Imvamisa, uhambo oluya eziqhingini luqala kusuka eNaryan-Mar noma eMurmansk. Imikhumbi ihlala isemgwaqweni, futhi abagibeli bethunyelwa ogwini noma ezikebheni ezinenjini. Izivakashi empeleni zihambisana nabahloli bombuso be-Russian Arctic National Park futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izivakashi ezivela ezweni elingasondeli kwezilwane zasekhaya ziseduze kwama-50 m. Uma amabhere ebusika ebonwa ogwini, abahloli ngeke bavume ukufika kulesi siqhingi.
Ungakhohlwa:
► Bheka ukuqhakaza kwama-poppies aqokile
► Hlola amabhola wamatshe azungeze ngokuphelele (amaqhubu) kuChamp Island
► Stamp ikhadi lokuposa egatsheni laseRussia Post i-Arkhangelsk 163100
► Iya ku-dctic diving
► Bheka izimakethe zezinyoni eTikhaya Bay esiQhingini saseHooker, iPrince George Island naseBell Island
► vakashela esiteshini sekhamba esiqhingini sase-Alger
► Hlola indiza ye-IL-14, eyafika ngempumelelo e-Hayes Island ngonyaka we-1981
► Ngena e-Seal Island efile
► Ukubheka esikhungweni sokuvakasha seZBF endaweni ephakeme yomoya esiteshini sokuqala semakhaza "iTikhaya Bay" esiQhingini saseHooker bese sishiya inothi elibhalwe "Blue Book"