Umhlaba wezinyoni uhluke kakhulu, futhi uma amaplamu ezinye zazo zingafani ngokugqamile kwemibala, izimpaphe zezinye izinyoni ngasikhathi sinye zicwazimula ngayo yonke imibala yombala. Inkosikazi yomunye wemibala egqwetshwe kakhulu izimpaphe ngumbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ojwayelekile, le inyoni enkulu, ebukhulu bomndeni ovela emndenini ongaxekile. Lo mmeleli wesigaba sezinyoni unamanye amagama - i-vortex, raksha.

I-Blue Blue Roller ejwayelekile, noma iRaksha. Isifunda sase-Astrakhan, 2017. Ukugcwala okujwayelekile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka endizeni.

IJografi yokuhlala

Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, indawo yokuhlala le-Blue-edger yayiningi impela, kepha eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa yokubhujiswa nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukubamba izinyoni ngenhliziyo yazo noma izimpaphe zokuhlobisa, kunciphisa inani lezinambuzane ngenxa yokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane, inani labo lehle kakhulu.

Njengamanje, i-raksha ingatholakala ehlathini, endaweni eyihlathi ne-steppe kanye ne-Europe, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia nasenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Afrika. Kuhlala abantu abaningi impela e-Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Estonia, Turkey, emazweni aseBalkan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Spain naseFrance. Ama-Bluefins ayizinyoni ezifudukayo, lapho nje kungena amakhaza, izinyoni zindiza esifundeni seSahara, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ne-Afrika kanye neCote d’Ivoire.

Izinyoni zihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlala emahlathini, zikhetha izihlahla ezivinjelwe, noma emahlathini amadala kaphayini nasehlathini se-oki. Ungathola futhi imifino emapaki amadolobha, tikwele, ogwini lolwandle.

I-blue-groin ithole ibhere. Ibele eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lisuthisa amachwane. Ukugcwala okujwayelekile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka endizeni. Roller. Roller.

Ukubukeka

Kulula kakhulu ukwahlukanisa i-roe evamile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusuka kwezinye izinyoni ngenxa ye-motley yayo nombala omuhle kakhulu. Izembozo zezimpaphe zenyoni, ikhanda nesifuba zinombala omuhle wesibhakabhaka onamathiphu, izimpaphe ngemuva zinombala onsundu, kuthi okuthe xaxa kungombala onsomi noma onsomi. Izimpaphe zamaphiko zipendwe ngombala we-azure, ngamathiphu amnyama.

Ifulegi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liyafana ngesakhiwo nobukhulu kumkhonto ojwayelekile. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni bungama-31 - 35 cm, amaphiko angafika ku-70 cm, kanti isisindo sale nyoni singama-gramu angama-200. Enye yezimpawu zezinyoni yikhanda elikhudlwana ngokuhlobene nosayizi womzimba.

Uqhwaku lwenyoni luqondile, licindezelwe kancane ukusuka ezinhlangothini phezulu kweshawuni, ngombala onsundu ngombala, phansi komlomo kungama-vibrissae aqinile afana namabhulashi. Umsila wezinyoni awukho mude kakhulu - cishe ngu-19 cm unezimpaphe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezikhanyayo, izimpaphe zomsila zimnyama ngombala, kanti izimpaphe zomsila obedlulele zinde kunabo bonke abanye. Imilenze kaRaksha yinde, inombala onsundu okhanyayo, umunwe owodwa ku-paw uphendulwe emuva, futhi emithathu phambili, umunwe ngamunye uphela ngozipho obukhali kakhulu.

Izinyoni ezincane zilula kakhulu ukuhlukanisa kubantu abadala - amaplamu abo kufana nokuthi ambozwe ngotshani, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi azonyamalala. I-dimorphism yezocansi ayikho ngokuphelele.

Roller. Roller. Roller. Imiphongolo emisha kocingo oluhlabayo olucijile. Roller esihlahleni. I-bluecake ejwayelekile ekwindla. Ukugcwala okujwayelekile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka endizeni.

Ngabe imifino idlani

Ama-Bluefins awathandi amahlathi amakhulu, ngakho-ke, imvamisa ahlala endaweni eyihlane noma eyihlane.

Imifino ejwayelekile ayisiyambatho yokudla, kepha inketho isanikezwa ekudleni kwesilwane - yidla izinambuzane ezinkulu. Izibiliboco ezikhethekile zazo yilezi:

• Isikhonyane,
• Izibazi
• Amaxoxo
• Centipedes
• Amacici amancane
• Ama-Grasshopper
• Cicadas
• I-Mantis
• Izimvemvane
• Izinyosi kanye neminyovu
• Izimpukane
• Ama-termites
• Izintuthwane.

Ekwindla, amagilebhisi, amanye amajikijolo kanye nembewu ehlukahlukene avela ekudleni kwezinyoni.

Lezi zinyoni zisabela kahle - lapho zibona inyamazane, le nyoni igqashuka igatsha ngokushesha bese ihlasela inyamazane ngejubane lombani. Lapho nje inyoni ibamba inyamazane yayo, iyasiginya masinyane. Uma igundane laba inyamazane inyoni, khona-ke ngaphambi kokudla inyamazane amahlandla ambalwa iphakamisa ukuphakama okukhulu bese iliphonsa phansi kuze kufe isisulu.

Indlela yokuphila

Ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzalela, iRaksha iphila impilo esecashile. Isikhathi esiningi inyoni ichitha phezulu esihlahleni, ifuna inyamazane. Amagundane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akavamile ukuhamba emhlabeni, ngenxa yobukhulu besakhiwo semilenze yawo - mide kakhulu, ehla kuphela ukuze adle izibankwa, amasele noma amagundane, uma inyoni izwa ingozi, kukhishwa imfihlo emibi esiswini sayo, eyethusa izinyoni nezinyamazane.

Izinyoni zindiza hhayi phezulu kakhulu, ngezikhathi ezithile, bese zikhuphuka kakhulu bese kwehla kakhulu, imvamisa indawo yokundiza ayidluli kumitha ayi-150-180.

Ngezinsuku ezifudumele, isicupho samafutha sisebenza kakhulu, sifuna njalo ukudla, kepha uma isimo sezulu siba sibi kakhulu, iba ngamafu futhi kubanda, khona-ke inyoni ihleli endaweni ephephile. Ama-Bluefins ayizinyoni ezifudumele kakhulu, ngakho-ke andiza e-Afrika ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, abuyele ezindaweni zawo ezidlekayo hhayi ngaphambi kukaMeyi. Uma ihlobo lipholile futhi lina, khona-ke izinyoni azibeki amaqanda azo nhlobo.

Lezi zinyoni azihlukaniswa ngemidwebo emihle, iphimbo lazo lifana nengwejeje - "Umkhaza .. Umdlavuza ..", yilesi sici "sokucula" esinikeze inyoni igama lesibili.

Ukuvuvukala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka egatsheni lesihlahla. Roller. Roller.

Ukuzala

Izinyoni zivuthwa ngokocansi ziseneminyaka emibili. Lezi zinyoni ziyagomela, ngokushesha nje lapho zithola umngane womshado, zizohlala zithembekile komunye nomunye kuze kube sekufeni. Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuzalela, ukuthakazelisa insikazi, iRaksha yesilisa iqala ukwenza umdanso wangempela emoyeni phambi kwayo, ngenkathi ikhwaza kakhulu.

I-rodent ayishintshi indawo edlekayo, ibuyela minyaka yonke endaweni efanayo. Ukuze uthole isidleke, ingasebenzisa umgodi ophonswe yi-woodpecker, noma i-crevice edwaleni. Futhi for isidleke ungakhetha imifantu encane ezindongeni zezindlu. Ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi ethambile, izinyoni zizimbela ngokuzimela izimbobo zize zifike ku-70 cm, ekugcineni komgodi onjalo kuzoba negumbi lokudlela, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokudoti. Ezimweni ezingavamile, iRaksha ingahlala emaqenjini ahlanganyelwe - ngababili noma abathathu babeka izidleke zabo emgodini owodwa obanzi.

Le nyoni iqala ukubeka amaqanda ngoJuni, imvamisa iqanda amaqanda amhlophe amane kuya kwayi-6 ku-clutch eduze neqanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iqanda elilodwa njalo emahoreni angama-48, lowesifazane elizowashisa cishe izinsuku ezingama-18-20. Isisindo seqanda singama-gramu ayi-15, ubukhulu bungaba ngu-29 mm. Imvamisa amachwane lawo asinda okungawokuqala ukuzalwa, kanti omncane kunawo, ahluleka ukumelana nomncintiswano, abulawa yindlala, ngakho-ke amaphuphu angama-2-3 ayasinda.

Izingane zizalwa zinqunu ngokuphelele futhi ziyimpumputhe, ngakho-ke, ubaba nosanda kwenziwa umama kufanele ondle futhi afudumele izingane zabo ngokushisa izinsuku ezingama-28, owesilisa nowesilisa banesibopho sokondla amachwane. Ngokushesha nje lapho amaphuphu e-fitness, azama ukuphuma esidlekeni, kodwa izinsuku ezimbalwa azobuyela esidlekeni, lapho abazali abanakekelayo bayobondla khona. Kuze kube ukuqala kwekwindla, amaphuphu asanda kuzalwa asala nabazali bawo, efunda ukuthola ukudla.

Isikhathi sokuphila semifino ejwayelekile yiminyaka engama-9 ukuya kweli-10.

Ithole elinamalebe.

Kuyathakazelisa

Kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, i-cole grinder ibhekwa njengenyoni “engcolile,” ngakho izidleke zayo zichithwe ngokukhethekile.

Ama-roller ayizinyoni zasepulazini eziwusizo kakhulu, abulala inani elikhulu lezinambuzane eziyingozi, muva nje kwamanye amazwe izinyathelo ziye zathathwa ukuheha umbhangqwana wama-roll for nesting.

I-Blue-roe ejwayelekile ibhekisa kuhlobo lwegama elifanayo elimelwe yizinhlobo eziyi-8, igama elingasetshenziswa ukwahlulela izici eziyinhloko zohlobo ngalunye. Nazi izinhlobo ezingama-7 ezisele zalolu hlobo:

• Abyssinian,
• IsiBengali
• Bluebelly
• Bomvu
• I-Rockettail,
• I-Sulaweska,
• ILilac-ibele.

Incazelo Nezici

I-Blue Blue Roller ejwayelekile inyoni eyingqayizivele, ingeyomndeni wakwaSizovoronkov kanye neqembu leRakshoobraznyh. Unepulamu elihehayo elinokuchichima, futhi esibhakabhakeni libukeka limangalisa kakhulu. Isitayela sendiza sishesha kakhulu futhi sishesha, amaphiko enza amaphiko aqinile futhi abukhali.

Ikhanda lomuntu, isifuba namaphiko akhe avela ngaphakathi anephimbo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elingashintshiwe elinokuguquguquka okuluhlaza okotshani.

Umhlane umdaka ngokugqwala, nokushintshwa okubushelelezi ekuqaleni komsila ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iphiko lokugazinga okwakhiwe ngenhlanganisela yezithunzi zezulu nokuluhlaza, ngoshintsho olumnyama kumathiphu.

Inyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngobukhulu bayo kuyafana nodada noma i-magpie. Unezici ezilandelayo:

• ubude bufika kuma-30-35 cm,
• isisindo singaba ngu-240 gr.,
• umthethosisekelo muhle, uyalingana,
• isimo esandisiwe sephiko sifinyelela kuma-22 cm, amaphiko asondele ku-65 cm,
• imilenze emibalabala yesihlabathi,
• emlenzeni ngamunye, iminwe emithathu ijikiswa ngaphambili, neyodwa emuva,
• ikhanda lomuntu omkhulu omkhulu entanyeni emfishane,
• amathunzi amnyama omqhomo, aqinile futhi anamandla, noma esesimweni, emaphethelweni engxenye engenhla yesikhunta.

Le nyoni inobuhle obukhethekile - ezansi yoqhwaku ibekwa njenge-vibrissae eqinile (isitho sokuthinta). Le nhlobo ihamba ebusweni bomhlaba ngama-jumps awkward, ngakho-ke ikhetha ukubuka inyamazane kusuka emagatsheni ezihlahla.

Le nyoni indiza ngezikhathi ezithile, ikhuphuka futhi yehle phansi. Indiza kaningi ayidluli ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-200-250. Izwi lesitsha esigoqiwe ethambile futhi inzima, kusikhumbuza umsindo "muhle". Abesifazane nabesilisa empeleni abafani.

Lalela ukulalela kwengoma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Kunezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili emndenini wamagundane, okukhona kuwo kuphela izinhlobo ezivamile ezingxenyeni zaseYurophu neziseningizimu neRussia.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwenhlobo lunezimpawu zalo:

1. ILilac Breast Roller Igqame ikakhulukazi umbala wayo ogqamile. Isifuba sili-lilac nge-violet tint, ikhanda nengxenye ye-occipital kuluhlaza, kanti namehlo anebala elimhlophe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umbala uyafana nomuntu ojwayelekile. Le nyoni ihlala e-Afrika kuphela. Indlela yakhe yokuphila ixazululiwe. Inezindawo ezimbili ezingaphansi.

2. Abyssinian Blue Roller. Uhlobo aluvamile, luhlala eCentral of Africa, linombala obukekayo, ukudla - izinambuzane, namagundane amancane.

3. I-Blue-belly Blue Mushroom ebunjiwe. Umuntu ngamunye uhlukaniswa umbala wethoni eluhlaza omnyama ngemuva, ukhilimu ekhanda. Ihlala eCentral Africa, itfola ema-termite. Abantu bakhulume ngokuziphatha komhlaba - inyoni ngayinye ebonakala esidlekeni iyahlaselwa.

4. I-Bengal roaster unombala wesifuba onsundu, hhayi onsomi. Ihlala emasimini nasezindalini zaseNingizimu Asia, eNhlonhlo Yase-Arabia kuya eChina, eNdiya. Akufuduki, kepha ngesizini engekho kwenza izindiza ezihamba amabanga amafushane. Le nyoni yaduma ngokuba yi-aerobatics yabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzala. Uthanda ukubhukuda futhi abambe izinhlanzi ezincane. Ine-subspecies emithathu. Izizwe eziningana zamaNdiya zikhethe le nyoni njengophawu.

5. I-Sulawesian Blue Roller. Lolu hlobo lunoluhlaza ocebile oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nombala ompunga ekhanda nasemsileni. Izinhlobo zaseNdiya ezingandile.

6. Isisulu selayisi iqanjwe ngesigqoko sayo esifushane ngombala obomvu ekhanda izimpaphe. Isifuba sibuye sibe nezwi elinsundu elibomvu. Le nyoni ixazululiwe, ihlala izindawo zase-Afrika eningizimu yeSahara, idla izikelesi, izicabucabu kanye nezikhala.

7. Rockettail roaster. Umuntu lo uhlala emazweni amanengi eningizimu mpumalanga ye-Afrika. Yathola igama lazo izimpaphe ezinde emaphethelweni emsila. Ngombala, ofana nokwejwayelekile, kepha onombala omhlophe ekhanda.

Umndeni uhlukanisa isizwana esingavamile esihlala eMadagascar kuphela - udongwe we-rakshah. Lezi zinyoni ziguga kakhulu futhi zihamba kahle emhlabeni zifuna ukudla phakathi kotshani. Zinemilenze eqinile futhi emide. Bakha izidleke emhlabathini ngemisele.

Umsoco

Ama-Bluefins adla ukudla okuphilayo ikakhulukazi ngenkathi emnivorous. Izinyoni zibuka inyamazane yazo isuka phezulu, ihleli emqheleni wesihlahla, isiza, izindawo eziphakeme, izintambo zikagesi. Ukudla kuvame ukufaka:

• izinambuzane ezinkulu, entwasahlobo - isimbungulu, futhi kusuka phakathi nehlobo - isikhonyane,
• iminyundu, imichilo, izimpukane,
• izibankwa ezincane
• kaningi - amagundane amancane namaxoxo,
• amajikijolo, izithelo nembewu - ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.

Ibona inyamazane ivela phezulu, isibhakabhaka esinezinyoni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka indiza phansi ngaso leso sikhathi futhi siyihlasele ngomlomo wayo oqinile. Lapho kubanjwa igundane elincane, inyoni inyukela phezulu nayo esibhakabhakeni bese iphonsa phansi kaningana emhlabathini. Futhi yilapho kuphela-ke eseqala ukudla.

Kukhona enye indlela ayisebenzisayo, kanye nenyamazane, umuntu asukuma esihlahleni. Ibambe inyamazane yayo ngomlomo wayo ngomsila, iyishaya ngamandla ngenhloko yayo. Le nyoni izokwenza lokhu ize ikholwe ukuthi inyamazane ayisaphili. Kuphela emva kwalapho inyamazane izodliwa.

Isikhathi sokuphila

Intsha iqala ukufuna izithandani ineminyaka emibili. Ngokwezibalo, le nyoni ihola indlela ephelele yeminyaka engu-8-9. Kepha kunezimo ezaziwayo zempilo yakhe kuze kube iminyaka eyi-10-12. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwempilo yomuntu, iqhude elilodwa lezinyoni lingakhula kuze kufinyelele amachaphaza angama-20-22. Uma ihlobo lina nemvula ebandayo linikezwa ngonyaka, khona-ke amakhoyili aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngeke azalwe. Lezi zinyoni zithanda isimo sezulu esifudumele kakhulu.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

Isitsha esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sinezici ezithile ezingathandeki kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo:

1. Inyoni inempahla ethile: ngesikhathi sengozi, umuntu ufihla imfihlo esiswini, nephunga elibi. Lokhu kusabisa abazingeli abaningi. Ngakho-ke, inyoni iyasindiswa uqobo futhi igcina indawo yayo yokudla esidlekeni namathole ahlaselwe.
2. Izinyoni, lapho sezidale i-pair, zihlala zithembekile komunye nomunye kuze kube sekupheleni kwezimpilo zazo.
3. Eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, inani lezinhlobo lehle kakhulu. E-Europe, ngenxa yemvelo nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nasemazweni aseningizimu (India) - isizathu sokudutshulwa ngenxa yenyama emnandi. Izinyoni zivame ukuzingeliselwa izilwane ezijabulisayo, ezigxishwe umoya, ukuze zithengiswe.
4. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okungacabangi kanye nenkathi yonyaka yasentwasahlobo neyekwindla kwenza ukuthi izinyoni zibheke ezinye izindawo zokuhlala nezidleke.
5. Amaqiniso okuhlala kweqembu lezithandani emgodini owodwa omkhulu ayaziwa, lapho umbhangqwana ngamunye unesidleke sawo esibanzi. “Efulethini elihlangene” lezinyoni azikwazi ukungqubuzana nokukhulisa amaphuphu azo.
6. Sizovoronka esithombeni futhi le vidiyo ikhishwa ngobuhle bayo obucacile nomusa wayo - kubukeka ngathi yinyoni endiza ipharadesi.
7. Ososayensi baqophe ikhono le-roaster eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukudlulisa amachwane kusuka kwesinye isidleke kuya kwesinye - lokhu kuyindida kakhulu futhi kuyingozi, futhi kuyinqaba yenyoni.
8. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu yezwe lethu, kuba nezimo lapho izinyoni ezindala zigqoka amaqanda abo “kakhulu”, ikakhulukazi izinsikazi ezindala. Ngalesi sikhathi, emgodini, ungabathola kalula ngisho nangezandla zakho.
9. I-synovolka idla inqwaba yalezo zinambuzane ezilimaza kakhulu izitshalo ezitshaliwe. Kulokhu, kufanelekile ukuhlonishwa, ngoba ngaleyo ndlela kuletha izinzuzo ezinkulu, ukonga izitshalo, izilimo kusuka ebubini bezinambuzane.
10. Ngeshwa, le nyoni isengcupheni yokuqothulwa futhi ifakwe ku-Red Book. Inesigaba sokuqala sokutholwa. EMoscow, Lipetsk, Kaluga kanye neRyazan kanye nezinye izindawo, le nhlobo yezilwane isivikelekile. Izindawo zokuhlala kanye nezinhlobo zezidleke zivikelwe.

I-Blue Roller Ordinary iyisipho esiyipharadesi sendawo yethu yasenyakatho evela emazweni akude nawashisayo ase-Asia nase-Afrika. Izingubo uqobo ziyamemeza ngakho. Ngenkathi indiza, izinyoni zindiza amabanga amade kakhulu ukubuya, zitshale futhi zikhulise amaphuphu. Umsebenzi wethu ukugcina le zinhlobo ezicishe zishabalale, futhi sakhe yonke imibandela edingekayo yokuba khona kokuhlala okuhle nokwanda kwamanani.