Ikati elahlekile iTombby laba yinkanyezi ye-Intanethi ngemuva kokuthi kushicilelwe isithombe sakhe kwesinye sezindawo zokuzijabulisa zaseMelika. UTombby wayehlala esifundeni saseZiverbey ogwini olusempumalanga yeBosphorus, futhi isikhathi esiningi wayetholakala eGulech Lane, lapho ayethanda khona ukulala phansi yi-cafe, abuke impilo yakhe idlulile. Lapho, kwathathwa isithombe esidumile, sisakazeka izigidi zamakhasi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana futhi saba ngumcimbi wamahlaya amaningi.

Igama elithi "Tombili" eTurkey livame ukubizwa ngokuthi yizilwane ezifuywayo ezithambekele ekwakhekeni kwe-spherical. I-chubby Tombilly yayiyintandokazi yabantu bendawo. Kuliqiniso, abamnikanga itiye, kepha bebengahlukani nokuxinana, bamphulula ngemuva kwendlebe bamphatha ngento emnandi. UTombby wakuthatha kalula ukunakwa komuntu, kepha hhayi ngaphandle kokunganakwa. Ikati elondliwe kahle, futhi elivuseleleke ngokungenanhlonipho seliyisito sendoda yangempela yaseTurkey.

Ngo-Agasti 1, 2016, uTombilly washona. Indawo yakhe endaweni yokudlela yayingenalutho, futhi amapheshana adabukisayo alengiswa abantu bendawo kubavakashi kuphela okugcizelele lokhu kungazelelwe. "Ubungusomaqhinga womgwaqo wethu, uzophila ezinhliziyweni zethu," kusho amapheshana. Kepha izinhliziyo - izinhliziyo, nangaphandle ngaphandle kokuthile kodwa ikati eliyindumezulu, indawo engenakuqhakanjiswa yase-Istanbul yaphenduka ingenakudalulwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwe-mascot yayo. Futhi abantu bendawo baqonda ukuthi: okuthile kufanele kwenziwe ngalokhu.

Amakati weBosphorus

Idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eTurkey alimangazi izivakashi hhayi ngokubona okungokomlando kuphela, kodwa nesibalo samakati.

I-Istanbul - ingxube ye-Europe ne-Asia - ayishiyi indelelo. Ungathandana ekuqaleni kokubona noma ungakwamukeli. I-Blue Mosque ne-Hagia Sophia, izigodlo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nama-minarets abheke phezulu ...

Izingoma zeMuezzin, umoya omusha wasolwandle, amakha wekhofi nezinongo. Futhi amakati. Ubomvu, ufudu, umnyama, umhlophe, umthethe, u-fluffy, onezinwele ezibushelelezi ... Kunamakati amaningi kakhulu athi ama-mustachioed angabizwa ngokuqiniseka ngokuthi abanikazi bomuzi. Indlu yabo iyikho konke I-Istanbul.

Ukudla kwasemini okuhleliwe kanye neKhaya Lakho

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi inhlalonhle yamakati ase-Istanbul incike kuphi. Kunezinguqulo eziningana kuleli banga. Ngokusho komunye wabo, lesi isilwane esithandwa kakhulu ngomprofethi.

Kwakuthi lapho ikati lilele engutsheni yakhe. Futhi lapho uMuhammad edinga ukuhamba, wamane wamisa phansi izingubo zakhe ukuze angaphazamisi isilwane. Kwenye enye inganekwane, ikati lathusa inyoka enobuthi eyayizokugwaza umprofethi.

Enye inguqulo ayithandani kangako, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu. I-Istanbul, ezinsukwini zakudala iningi lokhuni, yayihlushwa izindimbane zamagundane kanye namagundane. Amakati asephenduke insindiso yangempela. Noma bekungakhokhelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubonga.

Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-1935, umhleli kamagazini waseBrithani i-Spectator Evelyn Ranch wabhala ukuthi yonke indawo ahlangana kuyo namakati - angcolile, uyagula, efa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto. Ngenhlanhla, kuningi okushintshile eminyakeni engama-80. Manje amakati e-Istanbul agcwele futhi anelisekile.

Baze babe nezindlu ezintofontofo. Abanye banamasha, abanye banamabhele, kepha ababo. Futhi labo abahlala eduze namahhotela noma izitolo banendawo yabo yokuhlala: amagama abo avela ezindlini zokhuni noma zepulasitiki. Ukuthi amakati ahlala ngokubhalisa kuyinto eyimfihlo kimi. Kepha eduzane namakhekhe nezitolo, emapaki nasegcekeni, kuhlale kunezitsha zokudla namanzi.

Ukudlula kulezi zidalwa ezinemilenze emine izivakashi nje azinalo ithuba. Ukuze amakati e-Istanbul athande ukuba sendaweni yokubuka indawo. Uma uwa ngokukhululeka, kanjalo kumakhaphethi odumile waseTurkey. Noma eduze kwevaseti enhle kakhulu ye-ceramic. Abancane futhi abanelukuluku kakhulu ngabo bathanda amakhofi angaphandle: bagxumela emadolweni abo kubavakashi, bayogeza futhi badlale. Noma bangalala nje ezihlalweni. Futhi abalindi, noma izivakashi ngeke zixoshe i-purr yokulala.

Cishe bonke abavakashi bafuna ukufuya nekati. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuthola ukudla kwekati esitolo esijwayelekile, kepha ukudla okukhethekile akuvamile. Kepha amakati awalahli ushizi namasoseji.

Amanye amakati asike izeluleko zezindlebe zawo zesokunene. Ama-Istanbuler athi amakati ahlanzekile amakwa ngale ndlela - iziphathimandla zizama ukuqapha inani labantu abazidlayo.

Sizungezwe ukunakekelwa nokunakwa, amakati e-Istanbul azizwa ephephile. Amasonto amabili okuhamba ngokuzungeza idolobha, ngabona kuphela omele ifreyimu eyodwa okhubazekile - itafula lobisi lesafroni lalingenayo i-paw. Ngasikhathi sinye, wayondla kahle, eyiselula futhi, kubonakala, wayenelisekile ngokuphila. Ikati lihlala eduze nehhotela, eliseduze namathrekhi wethilamu. Mhlawumbe ikhanda elibomvu lilahlekelwe ngamawele alo lapho.

Kodwa-ke, lo mndeni, njengoba besho, awukho ngaphandle kobuqili. Ngathola nethuba lokubona isimo esingesihle. ITurk encane ibeke inja, okungenzeka ukuthi imnandi, ikati elihamba eduze kwesitolo sayo. Ikati ligijime umgwaqo omkhulu kusihlwa, lingazinaki izimoto, futhi abedlula bazama ukuyixosha le nja. Ngenhlanhla, ikati likwazi ukuphunyula.

Abancintisana nabakwaHarem

Amakati e-Istanbul azizwa ethokomele kakhulu hhayi nje kuphela ezitolo, emakhefu, emahhovisi, kodwa nasemibonweni ebaluleke kakhulu yangaphambili yeConstantinople. Ngakho-ke, kuHagia Sophia odumile amakati amaningi ahlala unomphela. Futhi bavunyelwe cishe yonke into lapha: bahamba lapho abavakashi bengavunyelwe ukuya khona, baxakeke benze ibhizinisi labo lokungcola esixukwini sabezinye izizwe, futhi abanye ngomusa bazivumela ukuba bahlukunyezwe.

Kunamakati amaningi kakhulu endaweni eyingqophamlando yaseTopkapi - isigodlo, lapho amaSultan ayehlala khona amakhulu eminyaka nalapho uSlav Anastasia Lisovskaya abusa khona ngaphezu kwamakhulu amane eminyaka edlule. Ensimini yesigodlo yamakati amakati akhethekile ayenziwa, futhi abagcini bemnyuziyamu bayakujabulela ukuphakela ababhukuda.

Ngale ndlela, amakati awubangeli isisusa esingaphansi nokuncomeka phakathi kwezivakashi kunezindlu ezidumile noma amakamelo we-padishah.

Kubukeka sengathi zingamakati nje ajwayelekile, kepha zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile e-flavour ye-Istanbul ebasusa futhi nedolobha lizolahlekelwa ubuhle balo abathile. Ziphakade njengomuzi ngokwawo emagqumeni ayisikhombisa.

Yikhaya lakho nelasemini elihleliwe

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi yini ngempela eyaba yisihluthulelo senhlalo-kahle yamakati e-Istanbul. Kunezimpendulo eziningana zalo mbuzo. Isibonelo, amakholwa amaSulumane athi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ikati bekuyilwane ethandekayo yomprofethi uMuhammad.

Vele, le nkulumo ayinasisekelo, kepha isuselwa kusiko lelo wonke umSulumane angalaziyo.

Zonke izivakashi ziyaqaphela ukuthi ukuhlangana kwamakati emigwaqweni ephakathi nendawo akuyona nje enkulu, kodwa kukhulu. Akekho umuntu ongamane adlule kulaba bantu bomdabu abanezinyawo ezine.

Kwake kwenzeka isikhathi esithile, ikati lilele engutsheni kaMuhammad. Futhi lapho umporofidi adinga ukuhamba ayokwenza ezinye zezenzo zakhe zesiprofetho, yena, engafuni ukuvusa intandokazi yakhe, wamane wasika ezingutsheni zakhe lobobo indwangu ebelele kuyo ikati. Kukhona enye inganekwane lapho ikati elithile lasindisa impilo yomprofethi ngokusabisa inyoka enobuthi eyayizokugwaza uMuhammad.

Kunezinguqulo ezingaphansi kothando. Enye yazo, ebaluleke kakhulu kunayo yonke, ukuthi esikhathini esedlule, izakhiwo zamadolobha iningi lazo lalingamapulangwe futhi amadolobha ahlushwa izindimbane ezinkulu zamagundane namagundane. Futhi, njengaseGibhithe Lasendulo, amakati aba lusindiso kulesi sifo. Kuliqiniso, ukubonga ngalokhu bekungakhokhelwa njalo. Isibonelo, u-Evelyn Ranch, umhleli wephephabhuku lesiNgisi iThe Spectator, wabhala ngo-1935 ukuthi e-Istanbul waqhamuka amakati - egula, engcolile, efa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto ... Kepha kujabulise abantu namakati, phakathi neminyaka engama-80, kuningi okushintshile edolobheni futhi manje emigwaqweni ungabona izilwane ezondlekile futhi ezinelisekile.

Kubo, kukhona nezindlu ezihle. Kwamanye amakati amasha, kwamanye aqhekekile, kepha phela, lokhu futhi kuyindawo yokuphila yomuntu siqu. Futhi lezo zilwane ezihlala eduze kwezitolo namahhotela ziye zazenzela ngisho izindlu uqobo: amagama azo anengqondo akhonjiswa ezindlini zepulasitiki noma zokhuni. Iqiniso lihlala liyimfihlakalo kimi ukuthi amakati ahlala ngokubhalisa noma cha. Kepha, kunoma yikuphi, emagcekeni nasemapaki, eduze nezitolo namakhekhe, ngokuqinisekile kukhona izitsha zamanzi nokudla.

Amakati akuyo yonke indawo: emafasiteleni, ematafuleni, emafasiteleni ezitolo ...

Isivakashi esinegazi elibandayo kuphela esizokwazi ukuhamba ngokuthobekile sidlule amakati abalulekile e-Istanbul. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba amakati e-Istanbul awathambekele ekufihleni noma abaleke futhi athande ukuba maphakathi nokunakwa. Futhi uma enye indoda ebushelelezi enemigqa ithatha isinqumo sokuwa ngokukhululeka, ngakho-ke ngazo zonke izindlela kumakhaphethi aseTurkey abushelelezi noma eduze kwevase enhle ebumba kakhulu. Izilwane ezifuna ukwazi kakhulu nezisencane zithanda amathofi omgwaqo. Lapho, bangagxuma ngqo ezivakashini ziguqe ngamadolo, zidlale nabo kanye nogwadule. Futhi abanye balala ezihlalweni zezivakashi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izivakashi kanye nabalindi ngeke baxoshe ikati abalele kulo.

Kwamanye amakati, amathiphu wezindlebe anqunywe, akekho ongasho igama imbangela yangempela yalesi simo.

Ukwemukela amakati e-Istanbul, kungithinte ukuthi amanye amakati anezindlebe zezindlebe zawo zokunqunywa. Emibuzweni yami, abantu basedolobheni bangiphendule bathi amakati angenamuntu aqoshwe uphawu - abaphathi bedolobha bazama ukubheka inani lekati.

Njengoba amakati e-Istanbul ezungezwe ukunakwa nokunakekelwa, azizwa ephephile ngokuphelele. Kulawo masonto amade ngihlala kulo muzi, kwaba kanye kuphela lapho ngabona ikati elikhubazekile, eyayincishwe umlenze owodwa. Kepha noma ikhubazekile, ikati lalondla kahle kakhulu, lihamba futhi lihlulela ngokubona kobuso bakhe obukhulu - wayejabule impela ngempilo yakhe. Ikati leli lihlala eduze nehhotela, eliseduzane namathrekhi wethilamu. Kungenzeka ukuthi ikamela selilahlekile lapho.

Amakati awanamahloni, kepha ukusikisela ngokuqondile: Sondle!

Yize, njengoba besho, umndeni awunabo ubuqili. Kwake kwenzeka lapho ngibuka khona isinengiso. Omunye umTurk osemusha, cishe owayefuna ukuzijabulisa, wabeka inja yakhe kwikati elalihamba eduze kwesitolo sakhe. Ikati ligijime umgwaqo omkhulu kusihlwa, yize bekugcwele izimoto, nabadlulayo bazame ukuyixosha le nja. Ngenhlanhla yekati kanye nami, wakwazi ukuphunyula.

Abancintisana nabakwaHarem

Amakati e-Istanbul angazizwa engenazihibe kuphela ngamakhekhe, ezitolo noma emahhovisi, kodwa futhi nasezindaweni ezithakazelisa kakhulu ze-Tsaregrad yangaphambili. Isibonelo, amakati amaningi ahlala kuHagia Sophia odumile. Ngasikhathi sinye, bavunyelwe lapha cishe yonke into: ukuhamba ngisho nakulezo zindawo lapho abavakashi bengavunyelwe ukungena khona, ukuhambahamba phakathi kwesixuku sabavakashi bakwamanye amazwe ngokubuka okubalulekile, futhi abanye babo bangaze bazivumele ukuthi bahlukunyezwe.

Amakati amaningi angabonakala nasendaweni yaseTopkapi - isigodlo lapho amaSultan nemindeni yabo babehlala khona amakhulu amaningi eminyaka nalapho inkanyezi eyindumezulu uSlav Anastasia Lisovskaya yabusa khona eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amane edlule.

"Isikhumbuzo esiyimifushane ye-Mustachio" evela e-Istanbul.

Cishe bonke abavakashi bavame ukuphatha ikati futhi balizingele. Kepha esitolo esivamile kunzima ukuthola ukudla kwekati, futhi amakati akuvamile ukudla ukudla komuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlu ezikhethekile zazenzelwe izakhamuzi zakhona ezinemilenze emine endaweni yesigodlo. Ama-curators uqobo, ngentokozo enkulu, bondla omakhelwane bawo abangama-furry. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakati awazidonseli amehlo izivakashi kanye nokuthakazelisa phakathi kwezivakashi kunamagumbi e-padishah noma i-harem edumile.

Kungabonakala ukuthi lezi zingamakati nje, kepha zihlanganiswe ngokunambitheka ngokunambitheka e-Istanbul kangangoba, uma zinganyamalala, ingxenye enkulu yobuciko bomuzi ibinganyamalala. Kungashiwo ukuthi i-Istanbul ihlala isikhathi eside lapho amakati ayo ehlala kuyo.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Amakati weBosphorus.

Izidalwa ezithandekayo zoMprofethi, abazulazula ngobuqili bomuzi omkhulu, abazalwa kwiBosphorus futhi iningi labo alikaze libone amanzi alo. Zonke zingamakati eBosphorus.
Lona uhlangane nathi endaweni yokuhlaba izikebhe zeKhalich e-Emenu.

Ngidubule lendoda ebukekayo emnyango weBlue Mosque. Ngenkathi ngisonta ilensi yakhe ebusweni bakhe, akubanga khona nonwele olulodwa kuye.

Leli gumbi lilele efasiteleni leDolmabahce Palace. Futhi akukho ukuhlonipha okuvela endaweni yokuhlala kukaSultan.

Lona utholakale endaweni ye-bazaar yaseGibhithe futhi ngokusobala akaqondi ukuthi kungani uhlobo oluthile lomuntu ongaziwa luphazamisa iphupho lakhe lasekuseni.

Enye indawo yokuhlala evela esontweni lamaSulumane lase-Ayuy.

Futhi leli lihlala kwelinye lamatshe ethuna emathuneni aseduze kwaseTurbe of Sultan Abdul-Hamid I.

Ezithombeni ezimbili ezilandelayo - iziphanzi ezivela epaki mosque moshi waseFiruz-Aga.

Othile ebamba "zabo", futhi othile akazideleli ukuphathwa kwabavakashi.

Le kati ehlekisayo yahlangana ndawo thile emaphethelweni eNew Mosque.

Isimo esivela empilweni yesango endaweni ethile eduze komakhiwo weGalt.

Ikati elihlekisayo elivela kuVefa.

Futhi ke ngokuhlukahluka kwekati kusuka emzaneni odobayo wase-Anadolu Kavygi.

Amakati e-P.S e-Istanbul ahlukile - kukhona amaSphinxes aqhakazekile, anekhephu eliyisichitho ebusweni, kukhona okufiphalisayo nokucasulayo, kukhona abathandanayo, futhi balwela ukugcwala emilenzeni yakho. Kepha izinja zeza kithina sonke ngokungathi zikhethiwe - zibukeka zingajwayelekile, zinenhlobo ethile yobuso obuhle ebusweni babo futhi zihlale zilukhuni.

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Idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eTurkey alimangazi izivakashi hhayi ngokubona okungokomlando kuphela, kodwa nesibalo samakati.

I-Istanbul - inhlanganisela yeYurophu ne-Asiya - ayinandaba. Ungathandana ekuqaleni kokubona noma ungakwamukeli. I-Blue Mosque ne-Hagia Sophia, izigodlo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nama-minarets abheke phezulu ...

Izingoma zeMuezzin, umoya omusha wasolwandle, amakha wekhofi nezinongo. Futhi amakati. Bomvu, ufti, umnyama, mhlophe, umthethe, umfushane, unezinwele ezibushelelezi ... Kunamakati amaningi kakhulu athi ama-mustachioed angabizwa ngokuqiniseka ngokuthi abanikazi bomuzi. Ikhaya labo lonke liyi-Istanbul.

Ukudla kwasemini okuhleliwe kanye neKhaya Lakho

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi inhlalonhle yamakati ase-Istanbul incike kuphi. Kunezinguqulo eziningana kuleli banga. Ngokusho komunye wabo, lesi isilwane esithandwa kakhulu ngomprofethi.

Ikhaya »Amanothi» Amakati weBosphorus
Amakati weBosphorus
Yandex.Direct
ngezinwele ezondile
Qinisa izinwele ezondile ngevolumu ephezulu
Izinhlobo zezinwele ezifashisayo zezinwele ezonda
Vakashela ingosi yobuhle! Izinhlobo zezinwele ezifashisayo zezinwele ezonda.
Izinwele zabesifazane. Izithombe.
Izithombe zezitayela zezinwele zanamuhla, izinwele zezinwele, izinwele zezinwele zibheka
Idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke eTurkey alimangazi izivakashi hhayi ngokubona okungokomlando kuphela, kodwa nesibalo samakati.

I-Istanbul - inhlanganisela yeYurophu ne-Asiya - ayinandaba. Ungathandana ekuqaleni kokubona noma ungakwamukeli. I-Blue Mosque ne-Hagia Sophia, izigodlo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nama-minarets abheke phezulu ...

Izingoma zeMuezzin, umoya omusha wasolwandle, amakha wekhofi nezinongo. Futhi amakati. Bomvu, ufti, umnyama, mhlophe, umthethe, umfushane, unezinwele ezibushelelezi ... Kunamakati amaningi kakhulu athi ama-mustachioed angabizwa ngokuqiniseka ngokuthi abanikazi bomuzi. Ikhaya labo lonke liyi-Istanbul.

Ukudla kwasemini okuhleliwe kanye neKhaya Lakho

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi inhlalonhle yamakati ase-Istanbul incike kuphi. Kunezinguqulo eziningana kuleli banga. Ngokusho komunye wabo, lesi isilwane esithandwa kakhulu ngomprofethi.

Kwakuthi lapho ikati lilele engutsheni yakhe. Futhi lapho uMuhammad edinga ukuhamba, wamane wamisa phansi izingubo zakhe ukuze angaphazamisi isilwane. Kwenye enye inganekwane, ikati lathusa inyoka enobuthi eyayizokugwaza umprofethi.

Enye inguqulo ayithandani kangako, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu. I-Istanbul, ezinsukwini zakudala, iningi lokhuni, yayihlushwa izindimbane zamagundane kanye namagundane. Amakati asephenduke insindiso yangempela. Noma bekungakhokhelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubonga.

Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-1935, umhleli kamagazini waseBrithani i-Spectator Evelyn Ranch wabhala ukuthi yonke indawo ahlangana kuyo namakati - angcolile, uyagula, efa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto. Ngenhlanhla, kuningi okushintshile eminyakeni engama-80. Manje amakati e-Istanbul agcwele futhi anelisekile.

Baze babe nezindlu ezintofontofo.Abanye banamasha, abanye banamabhele, kepha ababo. Futhi labo abahlala eduze namahhotela noma izitolo banendawo yabo yokuhlala: amagama abo avela ezindlini zokhuni noma zepulasitiki. Ukuthi amakati ahlala ngokubhalisa kuyinto eyimfihlo kimi. Kepha eduzane namakhekhe nezitolo, emapaki nasegcekeni, kuhlale kunezitsha zokudla namanzi.

Ukudlula kulezi zidalwa ezinemilenze emine izivakashi nje azinalo ithuba. Ukuze amakati e-Istanbul athande ukuba sendaweni yokubuka indawo. Uma uwa ngokukhululeka, kanjalo kumakhaphethi odumile waseTurkey. Noma eduze kwevaseti enhle kakhulu ye-ceramic. Abancane futhi abanelukuluku kakhulu ngabo bathanda amakhofi angaphandle: bagxumela emadolweni abo kubavakashi, bayogeza futhi badlale. Noma bangalala nje ezihlalweni. Futhi abalindi, noma izivakashi ngeke zixoshe i-purr yokulala.

Cishe bonke abavakashi bafuna ukufuya nekati. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuthola ukudla kwekati esitolo esijwayelekile, kepha ukudla okukhethekile akuvamile. Kepha amakati awalahli ushizi namasoseji.

Amanye amakati asike izeluleko zezindlebe zawo zesokunene. Ama-Istanbuler athi amakati ahlanzekile amakwa ngale ndlela - iziphathimandla zizama ukuqapha inani labantu abazidlayo.

Sizungezwe ukunakekelwa nokunakwa, amakati e-Istanbul azizwa ephephile. Amasonto amabili okuhamba ngokuzungeza idolobha, ngabona kuphela omele ifreyimu eyodwa okhubazekile - itafula lobisi lesafroni lalingenayo i-paw. Ngasikhathi sinye, wayondla kahle, eyiselula futhi, kubonakala, wayenelisekile ngokuphila. Ikati lihlala eduze nehhotela, eliseduze namathrekhi wethilamu. Mhlawumbe ikhanda elibomvu lilahlekelwe ngamawele alo lapho.

Kodwa-ke, lo mndeni, njengoba besho, awukho ngaphandle kobuqili. Ngathola nethuba lokubona isimo esingesihle. ITurk encane ibeke inja, okungenzeka ukuthi imnandi, ikati elihamba eduze kwesitolo sayo. Ikati ligijime umgwaqo omkhulu kusihlwa, lingazinaki izimoto, futhi abedlula bazama ukuyixosha le nja. Ngenhlanhla, ikati likwazi ukuphunyula.

Amakati e-Istanbul azizwa ethokomele kakhulu hhayi nje kuphela ezitolo, emakhefu, emahhovisi, kodwa nasemibonweni ebaluleke kakhulu yangaphambili yeConstantinople. Ngakho-ke, kuHagia Sophia odumile amakati amaningi ahlala unomphela. Futhi bavunyelwe cishe yonke into lapha: bahamba lapho abavakashi bengavunyelwe ukuya khona, baxakeke benze ibhizinisi labo lokungcola esixukwini sabezinye izizwe, futhi abanye ngomusa bazivumela ukuba bahlukunyezwe.

Kunamakati amaningi kakhulu endaweni eyingqophamlando yaseTopkapi - isigodlo, lapho amaSultan ayehlala khona amakhulu eminyaka nalapho uSlav Anastasia Lisovskaya abusa khona ngaphezu kwamakhulu amane eminyaka edlule. Ensimini yesigodlo yamakati amakati akhethekile ayenziwa, futhi abagcini bemnyuziyamu bayakujabulela ukuphakela ababhukuda.

Ngale ndlela, amakati awubangeli isisusa esingaphansi nokuncomeka phakathi kwezivakashi kunezindlu ezidumile noma amakamelo we-padishah.

Kubukeka sengathi zingamakati nje ajwayelekile, kepha zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile e-flavour ye-Istanbul ebasusa futhi nedolobha lizolahlekelwa ubuhle balo abathile. Ziphakade njengomuzi ngokwawo emagqumeni ayisikhombisa.

Abaqaphi abathembekile

Namuhla amakati angenye yokubona kwe-Istanbul. Into "isilwane nokudla" kufakiwe kuhlu lwezivakashi okufanele zenziwe “nakanjani” kuleli dolobha. Lapha, ngisho okuphakelayo kusatshalaliswa ngemishini ekhethekile yokushintsha udoti wepulasitiki. E-Istanbul, wonke umuntu uyakwazi ukukhokhela: gibela etafuleni ku-cafe, ungene endlini yomunye umuntu, uyolala phakathi komgwaqo. Akekho noyedwa ozocabanga ngisho nokuzixosha noma ukukhubeka. Ku-Islam, kukholelwa ukuthi lowo owabulala ikati uzokhipha ukuxolelwa nguNkulunkulu kuphela uma akha i-mosque.

"Kubukeka sengathi wonile kangangoba akazange akhe i-mosque kuphela, kepha idolobha lonke elinezindawo zokubusa amakati," kusho umqondisi uJade Torun, umbhali wale ncwadi IsiKedi (ehhovisi lamabhokisi waseRussia - "Cat City"). - Esigabeni sokwenza iskripthi, sikholwe ngokuqiniseka ukuthi umsebenzi uzofana nokudubula izilwane endle. Manje sengazi nakanjani: kulula ukudubula amabhubesi e-Afrika kunamakati e-Istanbul. Babecashe kithina lapho kuvuleka khona umoya wezando, bafihle izitebhisi ezihlobisayo, babalekela emagcekeni angasese noma ezinhlanganweni ezivaliwe zesonto. Bazizwa beqiniseka ngokwengeziwe kulo muzi kunathi thina bantu.

Endle, amakati ahlukanisa insimu yawo abe izingxenye ezintathu: indawo yokuzilibazisa lapho ungalala khona ngokunganaki, indawo yokuhamba okudingeka uhambe kuyo nsuku zonke, nendawo yokuzingela lapho isilwane sithola khona ukudla kwaso futhi sihlangane nabanye abamele izinhlobo zezilwane. Amakati e-Istanbul aphile ngokuya "ngomthetho wehlathi." Zibuye zihlanganyele nedolobha, zilwela ngentshiseko insimu nabantu - nezinye izakhamizi zayo.

Njengoba abenzi befilimu batholile IsiKedi, amakati akhetha abantu bakubo yedolobha futhi aqhudelane nezimbangi kude nabo ngenjabulo efanayo njengoba bebamba amagundane.

"Amakati ayaziwa ukuthi asindise iConstantinople," kusho u-Altan Otkan, umnakekeli we-Archaeological Museum. - Maphakathi nekhulu le-VIII, inhlupho yafika lapha. Ngalesi sikhathi, imigwaqo yedolobha yayigcwele amagundane - ukusabalala kokutheleleka. Bahlala emachwebeni, emaphethelweni angaphansi wezindlu, ngisho naseminyuziyamu. Ukube bekungengenxa yezikati ezilambele ezilambele ezisukuma zivikele insimu yazo, abantu bendawo bebengamane bafe.

U-Altan usho lokhu futhi ubeka amasoseji phansi kwezinsika zendulo. Egcekeni le-Archaeological Museum, izizukulwane zabasizi beConstantinople zihleli emahlombe ezithombe ezibunjiweyo zaseRoma, zihamba ekhanda le-gorgon yaseMedusa futhi zizelula embozekweni lwamatshe asendulo i-sarcophagi. Balinde inkokhiso yabo futhi baguqula wonke amakholwa ukuba aqinise ukholo.

Abahleli bethempeli

Abangcwele abangamaKristu bagqolozela imidwebo ebunjiwe yaseByzantine ezivikelweni ezinkulu ezinemibhalo yesi-Arabhu. Kuwo wonke umlando wayo, uHagia Sophia ubelokhu eyithempeli, mosque futhi ekugcineni waba umnyuziyamu uvulekele zonke izinkolo.

"Uwubingelele uGly?" - Kubuza umhlahlandlela u-Ezgur Katyk. - Ngale ndlela, uphethe isihloko esithi "umqaphi wesonto elikhulu futhi ujwayelene noBarack Obama, aze amvumele ukuba azikhuze ngemuva kwendlebe.

UGly uhlala eduze kwendawo ebukekayo futhi uvilaphaza ngamehlo akhe oluhlaza, oludonswe ekhaleni. Kungenxa yalokhu kubukeka emangele ukuthi bayambona: kwelinye lamaphephandaba e-Istanbul babhale ukuthi ngonyaka owedlule kwavela isithombe saleli kati kwiWebhu kunokukhuluma ngesonto lesonto uqobo. Izakhamizi ziyaqiniseka ukuthi uGly uyinzalo eqondile kaMuizza, intandokazi kaMuhammad.

Ayikho inkolo enganaki amakati. babephiwe ubunkulunkulu baphezulu, kwathiwa yizithunywa zamanye amandla omhlaba. Ku-Islam, ikati libhekwa njengesilwane esimsulwa: munye kuphela embusweni wezilwane ovunyelwe ukungena kuma-mosque ngesikhathi sokuthandaza futhi wenze noma yini ethanda yena. Esontweni lamaSulumane lase-Aziz Mahmoud Hudai, izivakashi ezinemisila engaphuthelwa yinkonzo eyodwa. Futhi amalungu esonto ngalesi sikhathi avumelekile ukuthi awashaye.

Lapha ungabona kaningi ukuthi amakati alele ngobuvila eceleni kwamadoda akhothama emthandazweni ebheke eKaaba. Iqiniso lokuthi imam yendawo uMustafa Efe uletha abakhonzayo abanezinyawo ezine endlini engcwele futhi ibavumela ukuba balinde isikhathi esibandayo sase-Istanbul lapha sabhalwa emaphephandabeni aphesheya ngonyaka owedlule. Kepha imam kuphela ihlikihla izandla.

- Abantu abazi nje umlando we-Islam, angizange ngenze lutho olusha. Kakade ngekhulu lesi-7, umlingani woMphrofethi u-Abd walithola igama lesidlaliso u-Abu Huraira, “unguyise wekati,” ngoba, owayengumnakekeli was mosque, abamele isizwe sama-feline bavunyelwe ukuhlala kulo. Ngekhulu le-XIII, isimemezelo seSultan Beibars saphenduka ingadi eduze ne-Beibars Mosque eCairo yaba "ikati": izilwane lapho zazingathola khona ukudla neziphuzo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kunezibonelo eziningi ezinjalo. Ngokusho kwe-Islam, amakati ngemuva kokufa aqonde ezulwini futhi angatshela u-Allah ngomusa wakho. Shono banakekelwa kangaka.

Amakati aba ngamaqhawe emifanekiso eminingi yamaSulumane, lapho anikeza khona izeluleko ezihlakaniphile kumaSulumane athembekile, anikele ngempilo yawo, asindise ukuboshwa, futhi asize labo abahluphekayo. Futhi abahlanza babo beSufis baqhathaniswa nokusebenza kwe-dhikr - ifomula yomkhuleko lapho igama likaNkulunkulu liphindwa khona ngesigqi. Lokhu “kucula” kushukumisela abantu ukuba banikeze izipho kwabazenzayo.

Kuching, Malaysia. Kuleli dolobha, amakati anezikhumbuzo ezikhulukazi emhlabeni, sekuvulwe imnyuziyamu ebekelwe zona, kanti nezilwane uqobo ziphathwa njengezakhamuzi ezihlonishwayo.

IsiTashiro Island, Japan. Yaziwa ngendawo yayo engcwele, lapho izivakashi zondla khona amakati, okuthi, ngokusho kwenganekwane, okubonisa inhlanhla ebhizinisini.

Isiqhingi sase-Aoshima, eJapan. Inani lamakati lapha lingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwesibalo sabantu - amakati endawo asinda ngenxa yabavakashi abanelukuluku.

, E-USA. Amakati amathoyizi ayisithupha kukweleta kwawo uHemingway. Izizukulwane ze-Snowball ezidumile zivunyelwe ukuzulazula emnyuziyamu womlobi futhi zilale nomaphi lapho zifuna khona.

IHoutong, eTaiwan. Lapha ku-Cat Bridge, enamadevu edonswe phansi, amathe kanye nomsila, amahhotela avulelwa ama-tetrapods aphambukayo. Izivakashi zifika kuleli dolobha imidlalo nemidlwane. Kuyisiko ukuletha izikhumbuzo zesihloko esihambisanayo kusuka lapha.

IKotor, Montenegro. Isigcawu esiseduze kweSonto leSt. Mary sibizwa ngabantu bendawo ngokuthi “indawo yamakati”, ngoba lapha ungahlangana nezilwane ezingama-60. Abantu bomuzi bahlekisa ngokuthi laba bayinzalo yamabhubesi aseVenetian.

Funda lo mbiko kusuka lapho amakati ahlala khona othandweni, amashushu nentokozo:
- Izinkinobho Zemvula

Ababutha umphefumulo

Ekuseni, lapho abathengisi beleqa izimpahla emakethe yezinhlanzi yaseKumkapi, amakati ase-Istanbul aqoqa inkokhiso yawo. U-Omer Byakar ubelokhu ehweba ogwini loLwandle lwaseMarmara iminyaka eyishumi nambili: njalo ekuseni ufaka amabhuzu enjoloba kanye ne-apron, uthathe izimpahla ezintsha bese efaka izidumbu ezimanzi kwikhawuntara. Ubusha bokubamba buvame ukunqunywa umbala ogqamile wama-gill, ngakho-ke, ezinhlanzini ezinkulu, u-Omer empeleni uphendula ama-gill. Ngenkathi ematasa ngomsebenzi wakhe wokuzindla, ababukeli ababomvu, abamhlophe, abamnyama nabanemigqa bahlangana eduze kwakhe belindele ubuso babo. Umthengisi uphonsa izinhlanzi kuzo, kodwa unika isilwane sakhe yonke i-mackerel yamahhashi.

- Ngambiza ngoKedi. Kumane kusho "ikati." - Ethangeni lika-Omer, umphikisi wezinsensane zokuduma emsileni wezinhlanzi. Umphangi akanayo endle kwesobunxele, kanti ngasohlangothini kukhona amabala amnyama angalingani amnyama afana nomlinganiso wonyawo wekati. - Ngonyaka owedlule, izinto bezingahambi kahle kimi, abathengisi bekhohlisa kaningana, ukuthengiswa kwehla. Kepha wabe esefika uKedi, futhi kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, inhlanhla yaqala ukungimatheka futhi. Ngivame ukumvumela ukuthi alale esihlalweni sami ngenkathi ngikhonza amakhasimende.

Ikati elifanayo - ngaphandle kwendlebe yesobunxele futhi linamagama amnyama - Ngiphinde ngibone ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ebhulohweni laseGalata. Uhlala ezinyaweni zomdobi abheke emanzini, lapho imigqa yokudoba ethuthumela yezinduku eziningi zokuphotha ihamba khona. Eduze kukhona indawo yokubopha izithibhu - ishibhi.

- Igama lekati leli nguNocta. kusho ukuthi “indawo,” kusho uKara Ecker, oyisakhamuzi esidala esiya kudoba kubhuloho ukuze sijabulise. Kaningi uhlanganyela ukubamba nekati uNoctoy (aka Kedi), kepha uma enenhlanhla, kunethuba lokuthengisa ama-dorada noma i-mullet entsha kubavakashi: phansi phansi kwebhuloho ezindaweni zokudlela abakuphekayo - izinhlanzi ezithosiwe ngesinkwa. "Impela ungowami." Ngize ngashayela uNocta kuye i-vet lapho elwa nesitha futhi walahlekelwa yindlebe. Ufika njalo uma ngilapha. Futhi okungahlali nami akubalulekile. Ungumuntu, hhayi impahla.

Ikati, okwamanje, iyavuka, yelula futhi ishiye amaqabunga. Ngithi sawubona kanye nemabhulokhi ambalwa ajaha uhlangothi olumhlophe olunamabala amnyama. Ukuphishekela indawo yokuhlala e-Istanbul kungiletha iminyango yesitolo esincane esidayisa insipho eyenziwe ngezandla. I-bandit isikhuhla, ifinyelela ngokusobala - futhi bayayivula.

"Ungilethele umthengi futhi, uLucky?" - ikati ibuza umenzi wamakha kanye nomnikazi wesitolo uLale Demir ahleke. - Ngihlangane naye njengekhithi ngonyaka nengxenye edlule, futhi kusukela lapho uhlala esitolo. Ebusuku ngiyivalela lapha nezimpahla, ekuseni ngiletha ukudla. Ntambama, uLucky uhamba nebhizinisi lakhe, kodwa kusihlwa nakanjani uzobuya. Akukephuzi ukufika - uyazi ukuthi ngizokhathazeka.

Ukuthula kahle okwamanje kunginikeza ukubukeka futhi ngihlala efasiteleni phakathi kwamakhadi okuthumela anokubukwa kwe-Istanbul. Lo ngumuzi wakhe - nazo zonke izindlu, ama-minarets kanye nezimakethe. Ukuphela kwento ikati lamahhala elingayithandi lapha yizimoto nemithetho ethile yezwe.

Kunenganekwane yokuthi elinye lamakati asemkhunjini lamthukuthelisa kakhulu uNowa ngemidlalo yakhe kangangokuba layikhahlela. Isikali saphenduka saba mpunga ngokwesaba, kodwa sabhukuda, futhi endaweni lapho unyawo lukaNowa lwangena khona emsileni futhi lwathinta indlebe yakhe, kwakukhona amabala. Kusukela lapho, iveni laseTurkey linjazi elimhlophe qhwa kanye namachashazi amachashazi ezindlebeni nasemsileni. Futhi ngokumangazayo bayawathanda amanzi: bayakwazi ukubhukuda nokudoba emanzini angajulile echibini likasawoti i-Van. Kukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezindlela zakudala ezifuywayo. Imvamisa abameleli bayo banamehlo ahlukile: omunye uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omunye u-amber.

Isifiso esingenamhlaba

Okokuqala lapho beqala ukukhuluma ngokusongela kwamakati angenamakhaya kwaba ngonyaka we-2004, lapho kuphasiswa umthetho wokuvikela izilwane eTurkey. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wethula uhlelo lokujezisa ukuphathwa kabi kwabafowethu abancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwahlongozwa ukuthi kuchitshiyelwe umthetho: zonke izilwane ezidukayo kumele zixoshwe ezindlini ezisezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kuchitshiyelwa akuzange kuqale ukusebenza, kepha abaphathi bakamasipala baheha inani elikhulu lama-tetrapods edolobheni.

"Baqinisekisa ukuthi bazohlinzeka ngokunakekelwa nokuphathwa kulokhu kubhuka, izilwane ezifuywayo zizothathwa yindlu entsha nabanikazi abaziphethe," kusho uBatu Fakaidi, ongomunye wabavolontiya Iphrojekthi ye-Anatolian Cat, inhlangano yokunakekela ikati ngokuzithandela e-Istanbul. - Kepha, kungenzeka kakhulu, into efanayo izokwenzeka njengoba kwenzeka ngezinkulungwane zezinja ngo-1910. Bangeniswa esiqhingini saseSivriada (esinye seziqhingi eziyisishiyagalolunye zePrince Islands), lapho izilwane zafa khona ngendlala.

Namuhla, abantu basedolobheni banakekela amakati. Izakhamizi zase-Istanbul zithwala abangane abanezinyawo ezine bezisa kudokotela wezilwane, bakhe izindlu, bathathe ukudla emnyango, kuthi ebusika bavumele izilwane ukuba zizijabulise ezitolo nasezitolo zokudlela. Izinhlangano zokuzithandela zisebenza ngomgomo wokuthi "ubanjiwe, uphathwe, ukhululwe." Amakati asemgwaqweni avame ukulethwa emitholampilo yombuso, lapho kudingeka ukuthi angagonywa kuphela, kodwa futhi ahlolwe inzalo. Odokotela bamaka labo abedlule kuleyo nqubo - banquma isicoco sendlebe yabo yangakwesokudla. Umbuso wabela imali yokwelashwa okunje, kanti amaTurkey ahlala esola abaphathi bendawo ngokubulala.

"Sizama nje ukuvikela abantu nokusindisa izilwane," kuchaza uGuray Shahin, osebenza kumasipala wase-Istanbul. - Manje lo muzi uyikhaya lezilwane ezingaphezu kwamakhulu ayikhulu namakhulu amahlanu. Njalo ngonyaka kuba ngaphezulu futhi ngaphezulu kwalokho. Eziningi zazo zingabathwali be-ringworm, amarabi, isifo sofuba nezinye izifo eziyingozi. Izinyathelo ezinengqondo kodwa eziphuthumayo ziyadingeka lapha. Uyazi ukuthi kungani sizama ukuvimba izitolo zezilwane? Kube nezimo lapho abaseTurkey bathenga uSiamese no-Angora bese bekhulula "mahhala."

Ngo-2012, uNgqongqoshe Wezamahlathi Nezamanzi, uVeisel Eroglu, wasungula umthetho oyilwayo owalela ukuba amakati nezinja ezinamadolo agcinwe ezinqolobaneni futhi anciphise isibalo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Imibhikisho enkulu yenzeka e-Istanbul, ezinye izishoshovu ezilwela amalungelo ezilwane ziboshwe ngocingo lwethimba leBosphorus, ezinye ezinamabala ahamba emigwaqweni yedolobha. Imitholampilo yezilwane, i-Istanbul Bar Association, iChamber of Pharmacists, abaculi abadumile, abaculi nosopolitiki bazwakalise ukungeneme kwabo. Umthethosivivinywa awuzange usebenze, kepha inkinga ixazululiwe. Ukunakekelwa kwamakati e-Istanbul kusezandleni zabantu abasedolobheni.

Muhammad namakati

Kunezindaba eziningi ezikhulunywa ngesimo sikaMohammed kumakati.

■ Okuthandwa nguMuhammad kwakunguMuizza.

■ UMuhammad wafunda izintshumayelo zakhe, ebambe uMuizza ethangeni lakhe.

■ Uma uMuizza elele engutsheni umprofethi ayilungiselele intshumayelo, wagqoka enye ingubo.

■ Ikati elifuywayo u-Abu Huraira wake wasindisa umProfethi uMuhammad enyokeni yenyoka. Inyoka yakhwela yangena emkhombeni wengubo eyayilungiselelwe ukuthandazelwa, umdlwenguli wayidla. Kulokhu, lo mprofethi wanikeza uMvikeli wakhe izimpilo eziyisishiyagalolunye, amandla okuhlala ewela emathangeni amane futhi washiya uphawu ngohlobo lwezintambo ezine ezimnyama ebunzini lakhe.

■ Umporofidi wathi amakati awaphazamisi ukuthandaza ngombana wona ngokwawo afana nabelusi.

■ U-Muhammad akwenqabele ukuthengiswa kwamakati ngemali noma ukuwanana ngempahla, ngoba akuyona impahla, kodwa izidalwa ezikhululekile.

■ UMprofethi wavumela ikati ukuba liphuze ebhavini elisiko futhi emva kwalokho wasebenzisa la manzi uqobo.

Abagcini besiko

Kukhona amasoso, amapuleti nezitsha zamanzi odongeni lweMusque yeFatih. Kwabhalwa incwadi ebiyelwa ocingweni: “Lezi yizitsha zamakati. Ungabathinti uma ungafuni ukoma esikhathini esizayo. ” Ekujuleni kwengadi ungabona amabhokisi ambozwe ngokucophelela nge-polyethylene - lokhu kuyihhotela lekati. I-Alpaslan Ball, ummeli oneminyaka engamashumi amane, uza lapha evela emsebenzini ngoMsombuluko, ngoLwesithathu, nangoLwesihlanu: afafaze ukudla, abheke ukuthi ngabe kukhona odinga usizo.

- Ngiyathanda ukuthi lezi zilwane ezizimele ziyangibona futhi zihlala zingiza lapho ngivela esangweni. Amakati amukela ukuxhumana kuphela ngamanani alinganayo, kepha thina bantu sinamathela kakhulu kuwo. Okunamathiselwe, empeleni, buthakathaka, kepha ubuthakathaka obukhonjiswe emakati bungesilo ihlazo.

Ngo-2016, wonke umgwaqo waseGülech walengiswa nezimemezelo zokushona kwekati elidume kakhulu e-Istanbul - Tombili. Waduma kakhulu ngenxa yokubonga kwakhe kanye nobuntu bakhe: Wahlala phansi, encike ngogobolondo munye curb, waqonda ebusweni babedlula. Kwakhiwa itshe lesikhumbuzo sethusi endaweni ayithandayo yokuphumula.

"Lokhu akusona isikhumbuzo esilwaneni esithile, kepha kuwuphawu lothando lomuntu kuwo wonke amakati omhlaba," kusho uStefan Sayad oyisitshudeni sezokwakha izakhiwo. "Futhi uma ufuna ukuveza lolu thando, woza e-Istanbul." Yize kunjalo, amakati avela emhlabeni wonke ahlangana edolobheni lakithi: okhokho bawo bagxuma bephuma emphemeni wemikhumbi abafika kuyo bahlala emhlabeni.

Sikhuluma ogwini loLwandle lwaseMarmara, futhi eduze kwethu emadwaleni kukhona ama-Istanbuler amathathu abomvu. Bahlala bengashukumi, babheke olwandle, futhi abazinaki izivakashi.

“Kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka kimi sengathi amakati abusa lo muzi,” kuqhubeka uStefan, avume ngekhanda komakhelwane bethu. - Sivula iminyango yabo, sibanikeza uthando kuphela lapho belufuna. Bayazi kahle indlela yokukhohlisa abantu. UConstantinople, futhi kamuva no-Istanbul, bazama ukunqoba ama-Arabhu, amaBulgari, amaRus, amaVenetians, namaTurks. Abagcina bacabanga ukuthi baphumelele. Kepha empeleni, amakati kade athumba idolobha. Futhi abantu, ningenandaba.

Inganekwane:
(1)
(2) I-Blue Mosque
(3) UHagia Sophia
(4) I-Aziz Mahmoud Hudai Mosque
(5) IFatih Mosque
(6) Imnyuziyamu ye-Archaeological

NGEMPELAUKUQASHWA NGESITOLO
I-Istanbul, eTurkey

Istanbul Square 5461 km61
Isibalo Abantu abayi-14 805 000
Ubuningi babantu Abantu abangama-2711 / km²

Turkey Isikwele 783 562 km² (indawo emhlabeni)
Isibalo Abantu abangama-79 815 000 ( Indawo)
Ubuningi babantu Abantu abangu-102 / km²
I-GDP $ 841 billion (indawo)

ISIVIVINYO I-Blue Mosque, iTopkapi Palace Complex, i-Basilica Cistern engaphansi komhlaba, iGalata tower.
IZIBHALO ZESITOLO I-Kokorech - i-lamb offal ephekwe ngamalahle, i-tarhana chorbasy - imifino, i-balykekmek.
IZIMBANGELA ZESIFUNDO itiye le-apula, i-salep (isiphuzo kusuka kuzilimo eziyizigaxa ze-orchid), utshwala obunamandla be-crayfish.
IMIHLA izinkomishi zepeyinti zomdlavuza, i-amulet “iso likaFatima”, isigayo sezinongo,.

DISTANCE kusuka eMoscow

1750 km (kusuka emahoreni amathathu ngendiza)
ISIKHATHI ihlangana neMoscow
IVISA AmaRussia awadingi
ISAKHIWO I-Turkish Lira (10 ZAMA