Zihlala izindawo ezisentshonalanga nasenkabeni ye-Afrika ukusuka e-Ivory Coast ziye eZaire, kwesinye isikhathi ezitholakala e-Angola, ikakhulukazi emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezintabeni zetafulesi. Bakhetha amachibi anamanzi ageleza kancane noma amile, lapho agcinwa khona ogwini agqunywe yizitshalo. Bahlala futhi emachibini angashoni omiswa ngesikhathi sesomiso. Izinhlanzi ezihlala kuzo, ezibizwa ngokuthi zonyaka (zonyaka), ziphila kusukela ekuqaleni kwezulu kuya esikhathini sesomiso, i.e. cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. I-caviar ebekwe yibo emhlabathini ibekezelela isomiso nangemva kokuqala kwezimvula ezibandayo kuso.
Umzimba uphakeme futhi ubude bawo busondele lapho kubunjwe khona ipayipi, ingxenye engaphambili icishe ibe yisilinda futhi iflathelwe kamuva kusiqu se-caudal. Ibunzi lithambile kancane, umlomo ongenhla. I-dorsal Fin enkulu inikezwa ingxenye engemuva yomzimba. Abesilisa abahle, anemibala ehlukahlukene. Abesifazane bapendwe ngokulula, kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlangana kwabo.
Abesilisa baziphatha ngendlela enobudlova komunye nomunye, kepha e-aquarium enkulu enenqwaba yezinhlanzi ukunakwa kwabo kuyahlakazeka futhi nokufutheka kuyancipha.
Afiosemionov ingagcinwa e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kepha lapho ngeke bazibonakalise ngokuphelele ngombala, noma ngendlela yokuziphatha. Izinhlobo ezingcono ze-aquarium ezinensikazi ezi-1 nezinsikazi eziningana noma i-aquarium enamanye ama-cyprinid, kanti izinhlobo kufanele zihlale izingqimba zamanzi ezahlukahlukene. I-aquarium enenhlabathi, efiselekayo ukumboza nge-peat ebilisiwe, ezindaweni ezakhiwe, kanye nezitshalo ezintantayo, nendawo eyanele yokubhukuda, ungafaka i-driftwood. Phezulu i-aquarium kufanele imbozwe, ngoba kunezimo zokuthi gxuma izinhlanzi.
I-22-24 ° C, dH 4-12 °, pH 5.5-7, ifinyelela ku-25 cm. Uma kushintsha amanzi, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi izinhlanzi zizwela izinguquko emikhakheni yazo. Amanye ama-ararist ancoma ukufaka usawoti (1.5 g / l) emanzini.
phila (mhlawumbe i-bloodworms, i-coronetra, ishubhu, i-enchitreus, i-Earthworms), inyama yenkomo enamafutha amancane ingaba. Ama-crustaceans (daphnia, cyclops) kanye nezinye esikhundleni sazo azithathwa yizo zonke izinhlanzi.
Ngokwendlela yokuzalanisa izinhlanzi zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili ayinhloko. Kokukodwa, i-caviar iba ngaphandle kokudaya, kwesinye nayo. Kukhona iqembu lezinhlanzi, amaqanda alo angakwazi ukukhula ngaphandle kokuphanjululwa kanye nalo.
Kungcono ukugcina owesilisa nowesifazane ngokwehlukana ngaphambi kokufika kokuhluma. Imvamisa abesifazane abesilisa nabesilisa abangama-2-4 bavela. Ukuhluma kuhlala amasonto ambalwa, insikazi iphonsa amaqanda amaningana ngosuku, imvamisa ekuseni.
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinamaqanda akhula ngaphandle kokudayiphuka ziqhume ebusweni noma eduze komhlabathi, kanti amaqanda anamathela kulolu hlaka olungaphansi. I-aquarium evundayo engenamhlabathi ibekwa endaweni engaphansi emnyama. Isigamu sazo singcono ukutshala izitshalo ezinamagatsha amancane lapho izinsikazi zithola indawo yokuhlala kowesilisa onolaka. Izitshalo ezintantayo zivunyelwa phezulu ezinhlotsheni zamaqanda atholakala phezulu, noma izitshalo ezinamaleya amancane zibekwe phansi phansi, zizilinganise ngezinduku zengilazi zezinhlobo ezivele phansi (esikhundleni sezitshalo, ungabeka ungqimba lwe-peat). Imicu yokuhlobisa isetshenziswa futhi njengesihlokwana, okuvela kuso ukwesabeka okuyingqayizivele, okunamathiselwe ocezwini lwegwebu elintantayo ngaphezulu noma eliqiniswe phansi.
Amanzi we-Aquarium, athambisiwe: 24-26 ° C, d H 2-6 °, pH 5.5-6.5, level 10 cm. Abanye abasemanzini batusa ukungeza usawoti (1.5 g / l).
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuzalela:
- Izinhlanzi azisuswa ku-aquarium bese zilinda ukuqanduselwa kanye nokubukeka ko-grey ebusweni (inhlanzi, ingxenye enkulu, ingathinti amaqanda no-fry), emva kwalokho iyabanjwa idluliselwe kwi-aquarium yokukhula.
- Izinhlanzi azisuswa, bese i-substrate ene-caviar idluliselwa esikebheni esincane esinezinga lamanzi elingu-3-5 cm kanye namapharamitha afanayo. ICaviar ibhekwa njalo, ikakhulukazi izinsuku zokuqala ezingama-4-5, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi uvame ukumbozwa nge-mushroom. Amaqanda anjalo angenamhlophe futhi angenamhlophe asuswa. Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kuyaphela lapho amehlo ayo ebonakala njengamabala amnyama. Ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu kufanele alindele ukukhahlelwa, okungakhuthazeka ngokunisela amaqanda ngamanzi enhlanganisela efanayo, kepha kubanda (2-4 ° C).
- Izinhlanzi ziyasuswa bese kwehliswa izinga lamanzi libe ngu-3-5 cm bese ziqhubeka njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
Kwenzeka ukuthi ngaphandle kokukhula okulungile kwemibungu, ukuqandula akwenzeki. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuhlikihla izitsha ngamanzi kanye ne-caviar, uma lokhu kungasizi, bese ubeka amanzi esikhundleni esisha nesibandayo (10 ° C). Kungenzeka ukuthulula ukudla okwomile (i-daphnia, cyclops, njll) ebusweni bamanzi, okuzoholela ekukhuleni okuqinile kwamagciwane kanye nokwehla kokuqukethwe komoya-mpilo, kanti i-fry izothambekela ekudabuleni kwamagobolondo amaqanda ukuze ishiye imvelo engathandeki. Kufanele zidluliselwe ngokushesha kumanzi ahlanzekile ngamapharamitha afanayo nase-aquarium evundayo.
R. Bech (24) ikholelwa ukuthi ezansi kwe-aquarium engavuni yezinhlanzi ezidonswa yi-caviar, kungcono ukubeka isihlabathi esihle, ngemuva kokukhipha nokukhishwa kwenhlanzi, sivinjezelwe ngesihlungo bese amaqanda asele kusizi abekwe endishini encane enamanzi avela ku-aquarium ungqimba we-3-5 cm kanye namaviki ama-2 ahlole futhi akhiphe amaqanda angenamvundiso noma ambozwe amakhowe, bese lawo asele futhi enempilo edluliselwa ku-peat emanzi. Esikhundleni sesihlabathi, ungabeka i-peat, ekhishwa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ifakwe esikhundleni esisha (kodwa hhayi ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3). I-Peat ibekwa ngesihlungo bese ikhanywa amanzi ize idonsele phansi, bese ibekwa ungqimba lwe-2-3 cm futhi yomiswe kancane, kepha kufanele igcine umswakama owenele ukuze imunze amaconsi amanzi. Ukuphathwa okunjalo nge-caviar kugcinwa esikhwameni epulasitiki evaliwe noma esitsheni sengilazi noma esikhwameni sepulasitiki ku-21-23 ° C (R. Beh (24) ukholelwa ukuthi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngezikhathi zasebusuku kuthinta kahle imibungu). Emavikini ama-2, amaqanda afile ayahlolwa futhi asuswe nsuku zonke, lapho-ke isimo sembungu emaqanda sibhekwa njalo ngesonto ngengilazi ekhulayo.
Lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwayo sekuphothuliwe (amehlo abonakala njengezindawo ezimnyama), i-peat idluliselwa esitsheni bese ithululelwa ngamanzi athambileko ekushiseni kwe-2-4 ° C ephansi kunaphakathi kokugcina. Izinga lamanzi alikho ngaphezu kuka-3 cm.Lapho-ke izinga lokushisa liphakanyiselwa kancane ku-25 ° C. I-hatching Fry idluliselwa ku-aquarium yokukhula enezinga elifanayo lamanzi athambile; njengoba ukuthosa kukhula, kancane kancane bakhulisa izinga nobulukhuni bamanzi. I-Caviar imvamisa ihlala i-peat futhi isomile futhi futhi inqubo iphindaphindwe futhi.
I-Starter feed: phila uthuli.
I-Afiozemion, noma i-afiosemion striatum: ukugcina nokwalusa izinhlanzi.
Photo: Aphyosemion Striatum
Photo: Aphyosemion Striatum
Isayizi phezulu 6 cm, insikazi imvama. Iduna likhulu, linombala ogqamile, iziphetho zamaphiko zidlulile.
Ihlala endaweni yokubhukuda, yomisa ingxenye ethile yemithombo yezintaba yaseCameroon.
Kungcono ukugcina izinhlobo zazo zodwa ngokwezindawo ezinamanzi angama-8-15 amalitha. Njengoba umhlabathi, kusetshenziswa amakhilogrethi abilisiwe we-peat, isihlabathi somfula, mhlawumbe kusetshenziswa ubumnyama obumnyama noma okhanyayo. Izitshalo ezinamashiya amancane, i-driftwood namatshe kusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa i-aquarium. Ushintsho lwamanzi ezingxenyeni ezincane. Izinhlanzi emvelweni ziphila iminyaka engu-1-2 futhi ekufikeni kokuthomba zikhula nsuku zonke impilo yazo yonke.
Amanzi wokulungiswa: dH kuze kufike ku-15 °, pH 6.5-7.0, t 18-22 ° С.
Ukuzalela amanzi: dH kuze kufike ku-8 °, pH 6.5-6.8, t 22-25 ° C. Ubulukhuni be-Carbonate bukhulu.
Ukuzala
Ukuzalela kungenzeka ku-aquarium yokulungiswa. Ukwehla kwezinga lamanzi kanye nokwehla kobulukhuni bebonke ne-carbonate, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okungama-2-3 ° C nokudla okuningi kuyathandeka.
Ukusatshalaliswa kunwetshwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke gazinga ukubopha ngezikhathi ezithile. Imvamisa iqembu lezinhlanzi litshalwa kwelinye kusuka ezinhlafunweni liye kwelinye kwesinye izinsuku ezingama-7- 7. I-caviar enamathele. Ukufakwa amaqanda kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-15 ukuya ku-20. Isisusa sokudonswa ngamandla kwefry ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi ngokushisa kwe-2-3 ° C ngaphansi.
Ukuqala okuphakelayo - i-artemia, sika ishubhu.
Enye indlela yokuzalanisa
Abesilisa nabesifazane bahlaliswa izinsuku ezingama-7-10 futhi bondliwe kakhulu. IFontinalius noma esinye isitshalo esincane esinamagatsha anamanzi, okufanele sithathe cishe u-1/3 we-spawning, sibekwa emhlabathini ohlanzwe kahle 4-5 L ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Abakhiqizi batshalwa ekunwetshweni kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, ngesikhathi sokuqhekeka okuhlukaniswa nsuku zonke, amaqanda agxotshwa ezitshalweni. Ekuqhekekeni, izinhlanzi zondliwa ngesibungu segazi noma ngeshubhu. Ngemuva kwalokho umjikelezo wonke uyaphinda futhi. Ngemuva kwemijikelezo emi-3-4, abakhiqizi bavunyelwe ukuphumula isikhathi esingangenyanga. Ngemuva kokuzalela, izinga lamanzi ekuvundeni kwehliselwa ku-5-7 cm, kuthi emva kwamasonto amabili lithululelwe ngamanzi amasha ukukhuthaza ukuhanjiswa okuningana kwefry. Babona kahle ukungezwa kukasawoti wetafula - isipuni esisodwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Ulwazi oluvamile
I-Afiosemions (Aphyosemion sp.) - uhlobo lwenhlanzi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile kusukela ku-Carp-like, ehlala endaweni eseNtshonalanga Afrika. Zitholakala ikakhulu ezincani, zivame ukomisa imizimba yamanzi ngenkambo emnene.
Indawo yemvelo yezinhlanzi idlulele ngokweqile. Umehluko obalulekile wokushisa (aze afike ku-20 ° C), ushintsho ku-acidity nobulukhuni bamanzi, futhi kwezinye izimo ngishookomisa okuphelele ngaphandle kwezidumbu zamanzi, kutholakala yonke indawo enhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, wonke umjikelezo wokuphila uhlobene ngokungalingani nenkathi yemvula nesikhathi sesomiso, izinhlanzi ezibizwa ngokuthi zonyaka. Isigqi esinjalo siholele ekutheni ukubulala ngokushesha kuqale ukuthomba, noma i-caviar iyakwazi ukuhlala endaweni ebanzi isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yemvula.
Ukuxhumeka kwe-Hierarchical emhlambini we-afiosemions kuyathakazelisa kakhulu. Owesilisa oyisidlakudla onamandla kakhulu unethuba lokudla kanye nokuzala. Igcina isondele kunqenqemeni olucashile futhi ifake izinsikazi eziseduzane. Amanye amadoda angaphikisana negunya lawo kuphela empini. Kodwa uma inhlanhla ingamamatheka umhlaseli, futhi alahlekelwe, khona-ke umbala wakhe uyaphela, izinhlanzi ngokwazo ngeke zidle izinsuku eziningana futhi zifihle ekhoneni elikude nelilibi. Kepha emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, olulekileyo ubuyela ephaketheni, futhi umjikelezo uyaphinda.
Ukuhleleka kwama-afiosemions kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyadida. Kukhona nzalo eminingi eyenzekile ethengisiwe ethengiswayo, kanye nenani lamagama athengiswayo, enza ubunzima bokukhonjwa. Noma kunjalo, imbangi yasemanzini eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke izokwazi ukuthola i-afiosemion ngokuya ngokuthanda kwakhe.
Ukubukeka
Zonke izinhlobo zama-afiosemions zinomzimba ofanayo. Ingemuva, iyancipha, imise okomhluzi. Izikhumba zinamandla, amehlo makhulu. Kunakwa kakhulu i-caudal fin efana nesigameko. Umlomo ongaphezulu - ukuze kube lula ukudla izinambuzane eziwela emanzini. I-dorsal fin iyakhuphuka bese idluliselwa ku-caudal.
Afiosemion South. Ukubukeka
Umbala uncike ezinhlotsheni ezithile, kepha abesilisa bahlala bebahle kakhulu, banamaphiko ahlukahlukene. Izinsikazi ziyi-nondescript. Ngeshwa, umbala akuyona imfanelo ehlelekile ehlelekile, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukubukeka kuphela ngombala.
Isikhathi sokuphila ku-aquarium yiminyaka engu-2-3. Lapho zigcinwa emanzini okushisa aphezulu, isikhathi sokuphila sifushaniswa.
Habitat
Izinhlobo eziningi zitholakala ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-equatorial Africa. Izakhamizi ezejwayelekile zezindawo zokugcina ezincane ezigelezayo nezingagelezi ezingoma ngokuphelele lapho kunesomiso. Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka uhlotshaniswa nokushintshwa okuvamile kwenkathi yemvula nezimvula ezinkulu.
Amapharamitha wamanzi ezinhlotsheni zamanzi ezinhlobonhlobo enza izinguquko ezinkulu. Njengoba womile, ubulukhuni bamanzi bukhuphuka kakhulu, kepha lapho kufika izimvula, izingxenye zezitshalo ziyafa, izinsalela zamanzi ziwugcwalise ngama-tannins.
I-Afiosemion Gardner (Fundulopanchax gardneri)
Ngokwesihlukaniso sanamuhla, le nhlanzi ingeyomunye umndeni, kepha imvamisa itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lesikhathi elidlule i-Afiosemion Gardner.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo izinhlanzi yizinhlelo zemifula yeNigeria neCameroon.
Ubukhulu ku-aquarium abudluli ku-7 cm. Iziduna zikhulu kunezinsikazi futhi zinamaphiko athuthukile kakhulu. Umbala womzimba uncike esifundeni sendabuko noma ifomu lokuzalela lezinhlanzi. Ama-Gardner afiosemions ajwayelekile ngensimbi noma nge-shimmer yegolide. Isici esijwayelekile ngamachashaza ansundu ngokubomvu nokuhlela okugqamile. Izinsikazi azikhanyi kangako futhi zinephunga lesiliva elinsundu emzimbeni. Izikhala zithambile noma azikho.
Afiosemion Gardner
Unreretious in yesondlo, hlangana kahle nezitshalo eziphilayo nezinhlanzi ezolile. Kungcono ukugcina emihlambini emincane enabesilisa abaningi. Umthamo ophansi omncane we-aquarium ngamalitha angama-60.
Ukuthanda inhlanzi, kungathinti omakhelwane e-aquarium. Izicubu kungenzeka phakathi kwabesilisa, kepha ngokuvamile azibangeli monakalo omkhulu.
Amaqanda ayakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, ngokuba ngaphansi k peat omisiwe noma isilika.
Isikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka engu-2-2,5.
I-South Afiosemion (i-Aphyosemion australe)
Kutholakala kabanzi ezindaweni ezinamabhande zamazwe ase-Afrika anjenge-Angola, Gabon, Cameroon neCongo. Ingenye yezindawo ezithandwa kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini.
Isidumbu siphakeme, nebunana eliphothiwe, ngomlomo ongenhla. Umbala wesiduna onsundu ngokubomvu nangamabala abomvu emzimbeni wonke. Eduzane nesembozo se-gill ungathola indawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umbala wamawele uhlangana nombala oyinhloko futhi unomucu onsomi emaphethelweni. Izinsikazi azikhanyi kakhulu: amachashazi abomvu asakazeka emzimbeni okhanyayo okhanyayo, amaphiko ayindilinga. Emanzini, izinhlanzi zingakhula zize zibe ngu-6 cm.
Afiosemion South
Kunokuhlukahluka kombala okuningana, okuthandwa kakhulu kakhulu ngoshokoledi negolide. Uyakwazi ukunqampuna ne-gardner afiosemion, kepha inzalo ihlala iyinyumba.
Abesilisa be-afiosemion yaseningizimu banolaka kakhulu kunabesilisa nabalingani babo. Izingxabano zingagwenywa ngokugcina izinhlanzi ngamaqembu ezinabantu abaningi abesilisa kanye ne-aquarium enkulu enezindawo zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuthomba kwenzeka ngokushesha - ezinyangeni ezingama-3-4. ICaviar iyakwazi ukubekezelela ukoma ngokuphelele.
Isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni emi-3.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Kungcono ukugcina izinhlanzi emihlambi yabantu okungenani aba-4 abane-predominance of females. Umhlambi omncane ufanele i-aquarium yamalitha angama-60. Ukuba khona kwesembozo kuyadingeka, ngoba ama-afiosemions angagxuma kalula ngaphandle kwe-aquarium.
Ngokuvamile inhlabathi isetshenziselwa isihlabathi esihle esimnyama noma amatshe amancane. Ukuhlobisa okuhle kuzoba izinhlobonhlobo ze-driftwood nenani elikhulu lezitshalo zemvelo ezizosetshenziswa izinhlanzi njengezindawo zokuhlala zemvelo. Kulokhu, kufanele ushiye indawo yokubhukuda yamahhala. Ama-Afiosemions awathandi ukukhanya okukhanyayo, angafakwa ngaphakathi ngosizo lwezitshalo ezintantayo phezu kobuso.
I-Afiosemion ku-aquarium evamile
Ukuhlunga okuhle kuyisihluthulelo sempilo yezinhlanzi ezinhle, kepha-ke, ukuphuma kwesihlungi akumele kube namandla kakhulu, ngoba lezi zinhlobo zithanda ukuma kwemizimba yamanzi emile noma ehamba kancane. Ama-Afiosemions azizwa ekhululekile kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini ezinamanzi ashisayo "amnyama"; ukuyakha, ungasebenzisa i-Tetra ToruMin air conditioner.
Amapharamitha wamanzi afanele wokuqukethwe yilezi: T = 20-24 ° C, pH = 6.0-7.0, GH = 2-10.
Akunconywa ukugcina ama-afiosemions kuma-aquariums anamazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-24 ° C, lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila kwawo. Izinguquko zamanzi zamasonto onke zifinyelela kuma-30% wevolumu ye-aquarium iyadingeka.
Ukuvumelana
Kungcono ukugcina ama-afiosemions ku-aquarium yezinhlobo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi phakathi kokuxabana kwabesilisa kuvame ukubonwa, asebenza kuphela ukuthola isikhundla futhi kubonakaliswa endalweni, kugcina kungenangozi.
Uma ufuna ukugcina izinhlanzi e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kungcono ukhethe omakhelwane abangahlukumezanayo ngosayizi ofanayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-afiosemions, ukuhlaziya, i-tetras, ama-apistogram, ama-catfish corridor afaneleke kahle.
Akunconyelwe ukumboza inhlanzi yeveli, amaphiko awo e-chic angahlushwa "amazinyo" ama-afiosemions. Futhi-ke, ukulondolozwa kwabo ngokuhlangene nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidliwayo, ezizobona omakhelwane abancane njengokudla okubukhoma, kuyaphikisana.
Ukondla Nge-Afiosemion
Ukudla okungokwemvelo kwama-afiosemions kuqukethe izinambuzane nezibungu zazo ezihlala emanzini noma ziwa emagqeni ezitshalo zasogwini. Ukuvula umlomo kuqondiswe phezulu kuvumela ukugwinya okuphakelayo okuvela ebusweni bamanzi ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngokuqukethwe kwe-aquarium, ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kokondla ama-afiosemions kuzoba ukudla okuomile okusezingeni eliphakeme, ngoba bukhoma nokuqandisiwe akuqedi futhi kuthwala ingozi yokutheleleka kwe-aquarium ngezifo eziyingozi.
Ngokunikezwe indlela yokugwinya ukudla, kungcono kakhulu ukuhlala kokuphakelayo okuntanta ebusweni - amachashaza neziphu.
Njengokudla okuyisisekelo, ungasebenzisa i-TetraMin ku-okusanhlamvu - ukudla okuphelele okwomile, okwenziwe ngezakhi ezingaphezu kwama-40, ezicebile ngamavithamini nangama-prebiotic. Ama-flakes akhanyayo futhi anempilo ahlala ebusweni isikhathi eside, ngemuva kwalokho aqala ukucwila kancane.
Uma ungumnikazi we-afiosemions ngemibala yayo enemibala ebomvu, ephuzi noma ye-orange, ke unake ukondla ngezaxhasi zemibala yemvelo - ama-Tetra Rubin flakes noma ama-TetraPro Colour chips. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili wokuphakelwa njalo, uzophawula ukwanda kokukhanya kombala wezilwane ezifuywayo.
Futhi njengokwelashwa okunempilo nokunempilo, nikeza ama-Tetra FreshDelica afiosemions. Lezi izidalwa ezidumile zokudla ku-jelly ekhethekile ezokhanga izilwane ezidla ezinye, ngenkathi ungaqiniseka ukuthi inhlanzi ngeke ibambe noma ikuphi ukutheleleka.
Ama-Afiosemions aqhamuke impela, ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ukuhlela usuku lokuzila izinhlanzi kanye ngesonto.
Ukuzalela nokuzalela
Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-aphiosemions zinezinhlobo zazo zokunwebeka. Amanye awo abeka amaqanda awo ezitshalweni ezinkulu zasemanzini, kanti ezinye zithanda ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ngalezi zinhloso. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindlela azilona ngokuphelele futhi, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izinhlanzi zingakhetha noma iyiphi isendlalelo esikhona sokuvula. Isici sokukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-afiosemions ukukhula okungapheli kwamaqanda. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha amasonto angama-2-3 endaweni yasemanzini, kanye namaviki angama-3-4 lapho omile ku-peat. Kuyamangaza ukuthi inketho yokugcina ikuvumela ukuthi uthumele i-caviar yezinhlobo ezithile, noma ngeposi ehlobo.
I-dimorphism yezocansi ezinhlanzini iyabizwa: izinsikazi zincanyana futhi zinemibala ngesizotha kakhulu kunabesilisa.
Afiosemion wabesilisa nabesifazane baseningizimu
Ama-Aquarists asebenzisa izindlela eziningana zokukhulisa i-fry:
Emazingeni okushisa wamanzi we-22-24 ° C, ukufakwa kwamaqanda kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-12-18. Imvamisa kungahle kube nesimo lapho ukuthosa kunganqunyelwa isikhathi eside. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-caviar kumele ivuswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, engeza amanzi amasha, unikine umkhumbi kancane noma engeza ukudla okuncane okuomile ukubangela ukuqubuka kwamagciwane. Amagciwane abhubhisa igobolondo lamaqanda. Ukomiswa kweCaviar amahora amaningi nakho kungasiza.
Izinhlanzi zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuthomba kwenzeka eneminyaka engaba ngu-3-4 izinyanga.
Ukubukeka
Ukwehluka kobulili: Owesifazane uvame ukuba mncane. owesilisa mkhulu, onombala ogqamile, ophelile.
Ividiyo. Owesilisa nowesifazane:
Ividiyo. Ukuvela kwe-Athiosemion striatum:
Striatum Yabesifazane
Isikhathi sokuphila: Iminyaka eyi-1-2.
Amapharamitha wamanzi: t 19-24 ° C, dH kuze kufike ku-15 °, pH 6.5-7.0,
Ihlangana kahle nezinye izinhlanzi, kepha nokho ikhombisa ngokuphelele ubuhle bayo nobuntu bayo nokuqukethwe okuhlukile. Amanye ama-aquarists ancoma ukungeza usawoti - ithisipuni elilodwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Ungawagcina ezindaweni ezinamanzi amancane, kusuka kumalitha amathathu “esidlekeni” ngasinye (1 owesilisa no-2 besifazane). Kodwa-ke kusekhona iqembu elincane lamakhophi ayi-10-15, azobukeka engcono kakhulu. Umthamo wamalitha angama-20- 40 kufanelekile lapha. Ukutshala i-aquarium ngezitshalo ngeke kulimaze - kuyajabulisa emehlweni, nenhlanzi izizwa izolile. I-Aeration nokuhlunga okulula ngeke kube okuthe xaxa. Kuyiqiniso, awukwazi ukufaka okucwengekileyo emanzini angu-3-5 litre, kepha akusona isithiyo emavolini amakhulu. Lapho zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, izinqubo zokuphila ziyasheshiswa, futhi iminyaka yezinhlanzi ishesha, futhi ngokuvamile abayithandi ngempela. Kwakunjalo ukuthi ama-afiosemions ayedinga amanzi amadala - lokhu kungumbono. Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwevolumu ngeviki 1/5 kuzothuthukisa inhlala-kahle yabo kuphela.
Ama-prefers, njengawo wonke ama-afiosemions - ukudla okubukhoma. Kungcono ukubondla ngokudla okubukhoma - ama-bloodworms, coronetra, ishubhu, daphnia kanye ne-cyclops. Ziphinde zidle ama-ayisikhilimu egazi. Kwezinye izinto ezihlukile - inyama enezinhlamvu ezahlukahlukene (inyama nenhlanzi), ukudla okwomile - udinga ukufundisa izinhlanzi.
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo
Kulaba bameleli bomndeni wama-cyprinid, abesilisa nabesifazane bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Abantu besilisa banombala okhanyayo namaphiko ahlukahlukene. Ubude bemizimba yabo emincane bungafinyelela ku-7 cm. Izinhlobo zesifazane ezingwevu zibukeka zingalingani, zilula futhi zilukhuni ngemuva kwesizinda sabesilisa. Zikhula zize zibe ngu-5 cm. Umzimba ubumbeke kahle futhi ufana kancane nesikebhe esincane, ibunzi ligcotshwe umlomo, umlomo uphakeme, amehlo athe xaxa, umdwebo we-caudal umise okwama-lyre. Umbala uhlukile - kuya ngemibandela ethile yendawo. Umbala ohlukile wokuqhathanisa une-Afiosemion Gardner.
Izinhlanzi zihlala emhlambini oholwa yi-motley neduna elikhulu. Abantu besilisa banolaka komunye nomunye, kodwa baziphathe ngendlela ezolile endaweni eyi-aquarium enkulu, njengoba ukunaka kwabo kuhlakazeka phambi kwezinhlanzi eziningi. Isikhathi sokuphila kwe-Afiosemion Gardner, iStriatum nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zalo mndeni cishe ziyiminyaka engama-2-2,5.
Indawo engokwemvelo yalezi zinhlanzi imisa amachibi ama-savannah noma amahlathi ashisayo asezindaweni eziphakathi naseNtshonalanga Afrika. Emifudlaneni nasemifuleni emincane kunezinhlobo ezikhazimulayo - A. striatum. Emachibini kuhlala i-Southern, Striped Afiosemion. Bangamalungu e-Killi Fish group, ahlanganisa abamele imindeni ehlukene ehlala ezindlini ezincane zokugcina (imifudlana, amanzi asemuva).
Lesi silwanyana esidla inyama esidla ngokuzingela ngesikhathi sasemini. Abantu abadala bathanda ukukwenza lokhu bodwa phakathi kwezendlalelo zamanzi eziphakathi nendawo. Imenyu ivame ukubandakanya izinhlanzi ezincane, imfudu, isizungu, idaphnia, izibungu zezinambuzane, ama-mollusks.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: izinhlobo
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-Afiosemions zivumela isithandwa ngasinye se-exotic ukuthola isithombe esifanele se-aquarium yakhe. Ukuchazwa kwamalungu omndeni ajwayelekile kunikezwe etafuleni.
Buka | Incazelo |
I-Gardneri / Fundulopanchax (Gardner) | Ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-6-7. Umbala wesikali uluhlaza okotshani-luhlaza okotshani, ukufafazwa kwamaphiko kuphuzi. Umbala uqukethe amachashazi abomvu akhanyayo. Abesifazane ngaphandle kwamabala, i-brown-silver tint. |
I-Australe (South) | Ummeleli okhanya kakhulu womndeni wakhe. Emadodeni, izikali zibomvu ngombala obomvu- noma o-orange-brown ngombala onamabala akhanyayo, futhi kwabesifazane - umbala okhanyayo onsundu onamabala ambalwa ahlanganisiwe. Inhlanzi ikhula ize ibe ngu-6-7 cm. |
I-Bitaeniatum (Indlela Ezimbili) | Umbala uyahlukahluka kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani nokuphuzi, futhi kusuka kokubomvu kuya kokwephuzi. Umzimba ongaphezulu uhlala umnyama ukwedlula ongaphansi. Uswidi omkhulu wamawolintshi. Ubude bezinhlanzi bungama-5 cm. |
I-Coeleste (Blue) | Banolaka ngokwemvelo. Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka womuntu uhlanganiswa ngamabhulokhi abomvu akhanyayo. Ekhaya, khula ufike ku-12 cm. Izinsikazi zincane kunabesilisa. |
I-Striatum (i-Striatum) | Umbala wezinhlanzi ohlukile ugcizelelwa yizindawo ezibomvu ezihlanganisiwe. Kuya kumbala wesikali abesilisa - oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nabesifazane - begolide nsundu. |
UMargaretae (uMargaret) | Labamele lezi zinhlobo zinomzimba ongenhla onsundu, nomzimba omncane omhlophe noma okhanyayo. Amabala asakazeka ngokungahleliwe emzimbeni wonke. Abesifazane bampunga ngamaphinaphi asobala. Abantu bakhula babe ngu-4,5 cm. |
I-Sjoestedti Lonnenberg (Pheasant eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) | Abesilisa banemizimba ebomvu onsundu enezinhlangothi eziluhlaza okotshani kanye namachashazi abomvu, amhlophe. Umzimba ongafika ku-12 cm ubude uhlotshiswe ngemivimbo emile. |
I-Amieti (Amieta) | Njengo-Afiosemion Gardner, u-Amieta uhlala emachibi angamachibi. Umzimba unombala oluhlaza ngaphezulu kanye ophuzi (kwesinye isikhathi igolide) ngezansi. Umugqa obomvu wamachashazi amaningi abomvu agijimela emzimbeni. Umuntu ukhula aze afike ku-7 cm. |
Izisekelo ze-Aquarium
Ukuphinda wenze kabusha isimo sokuphila, kufakwa phansi isihlabathi esimnyama ngezansi bese kuthambile, kutheleke kancane amanzi acwebile noma angathathi hlangothi. Ukushintshwa kwefluid kwenziwa ngo-10-20% kanye njalo emavikini ama-2, lapho ivolumu yedamu isuka ku-100 l, uma incane, khona-ke imvamisa iyancishiswa.
Izidingo zamanzi:
- lokushisa - + 21 ... + 32 ° C,
- i-acidity - 5.5-7.0,
- ubunzima - 5-10 dH.
Ukuze umise futhi udale indawo yokukhosela, kusetshenziswa ama-driftwood, izimpande ezihlanganyele, amagatsha, izixhaxha zezitshalo, kubandakanya nezintantayo.
Izifo Nokuvimbela
Ukulimazeka kanye nezimo ezingafanele zokuboshwa ziyizizathu eziphambili zokucindezela kokugonywa kanye nokwehlulwa kwezinhlanzi ngezifo ezahlukahlukene kanye namagciwane. Ezimpawu zokuqala, udinga ukubheka amanzi okweqa izinkomba eziphambili noma ubukhona bokugxiliswa okuyingozi kwezinto ezinobuthi. Uma ukuphambuka kutholakala, buyisela onke amanani kube kukujwayelekile. Emva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqala ukwelashwa kwezinhlanzi.