Yonke ingane ezweni lakithi kusukela isencane iyazi inyoni enhle ongeke wayidida nomunye. Ungumlingisi ezindabeni zezinganekwane nezinganekwane zaseRussia, kusukela lapho, eqinisweni, le nyoni yaziwa ezinganeni. Okuningi kubhalwe ngaye ukuthukuthela, umlingiswa nokuziphatha kwakhe. Abanye ababhali bambiza ngokuthi yinhlebo, abanye bambiza ngesela, kanti abanye babembiza nje ngokuthi umhlophe. Kuyacaca ukuthi sikhuluma ngamashumi amane. Esihlokweni sanamuhla, sizozama ukutshela konke ngalo wesifazane omuhle, kusukela encazelweni yakhe kuya ekudleni nasendleleni yokuphila. Kepha umbuzo oyinhloko wale ndaba uthi: "Ingabe imantshi ingabhekwa njengenyoni efudukayo noma cha?" Ngale ndlela, umbhalo uzohlola amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nemilingo, kanye nokuziphatha kwabo ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zokuphila.
Ukuchazwa kwenyoni
Amagagasi ahlala eYurophu ahlukile kunabantu bakubo, abathanda ukuhlala kwamanye amazwekazi, ngombala. Abizwa ngokuthi amhlophe-side, ngoba izisu zawo kanye nengxenye yamaphiko zinombala omhlophe okonakele, kuyilapho izinyoni ngokwazo zimnyama. Lezi zinyoni zivame ukudidaniswa ngamaqhude noma ama-jackdaws, kepha ochwepheshe bangempela bayabona ukuthi wonke amashumi amane, ngaphandle kokunye, anemisila emide enhle futhi emisila ehlala imnyama. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umbala ungahlukahluka ngokuya ngegumbi lesenzeko sokukhanya. Ngakho-ke, ngesinye isikhathi umbala wezimpaphe ungaphonsa luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi noma oluhlaza. Isimo esifanayo sivame ukunyamalala phakathi nenkathi yokuncibilikisa kwentwasahlobo, lapho inyoni itshela izinsalela zayo ezigqokwa, ziyiguqula ibe entsha, ekhangayo. By the way, iqiniso lokuthi lo molts umuntu ngamunye unikeza imicabango yokuthi ngabe i-magpie iyinyoni efudukayo noma cha. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uku-molting kuvame ukukhombisa ikhono lanoma yimuphi umuntu ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha zokuphila.
Ubukhulu kanye nezici
Amagagasi ayizinyoni eziphakathi. Ubude bomzimba wabo bungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-50 cm. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, ngobulili bezinyoni, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa. Kodwa-ke, abesilisa banzima kakhulu kunabesifazane. Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-magpies anesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-200-235. Kepha noma iyiphi inyoni ingamona umdlandla wamaphiko ayo, ngoba ingamasentimitha angama-90. Ngenxa yalokhu, izibungu ziyashesha, ziyaguga futhi zishesha ukunqoba amabanga amade.
Indawo yokuhlala enhle nokushisa okuphelele kwempilo yezinyoni
Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi izibungu zihlala cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi e-Eurasia, zigwema kuphela izifunda ezisenyakatho. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amazwekazi aseningizimu, ngokwesibonelo, i-Afrika, izinyoni ezinjalo ngokuvamile zidlula, zingabheki njengendawo yokuhlala. Engxenyeni ephakathi yezwekazi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, isimo sezulu sicishe sifane yonke indawo, ngakho-ke, isiphetho esinengqondo siziveza: Amagagasi athanda amazinga okushisa aphansi futhi angahlangabezana kalula nokushintshashintsha kwezimo zawo zansuku zonke. Ngokusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi imiphetho efudumele ayihehi futhi ihehe inyoni, umuntu angawuphendula kalula lo mbuzo: "Inyoni efudukayo engamashumi amane noma cha?"
Incazelo Nezici zeMagpie
"Iphalishi eliphekiwe elingamashumi amane, londla izingane ..." le migqa ijwayelekile, nakanjani, kuwo wonke umuntu. Kwabanye, mhlawumbe lokhu kwakuwukujwayelana kokuqala nezinyoni zomhlaba wethu. Inani elikhulu lezinkondlo, izinganekwane kanye nemilolozelo yezingane ehlukahlukene inikelwe kule nyoni emangalisayo.
Magpie Izithombe ukuhlobisa inani elikhulu lezincwadi, zihlala zingajwayelekile futhi ziqhakazile. Iyini le nyoni? Naka incazelo yenyoni ye-magpie. Akukho mehluko wangaphandle phakathi kwabesilisa nabesilisa, yize abesilisa besinda kancane, isisindo sabo singaphezu kwama-gramu ayi-230, kanti izinsikazi zinesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-200.
Ezimweni eziningi, lo mehluko awubonakali ngokuphelele, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuwuthola ngokubonakalayo. Ngobude, ama-magpies angafinyelela amasentimitha angama-50 futhi abe namaphiko angaba amasentimitha angama-90.
Umbala wale nyoni uhlukile futhi abantu abaningi bayayazi: uhlelo lombala omnyama nomhlophe luyiplamu yonke yama-magpie. Ikhanda, intamo, isifuba kanye nomhlane kumnyama nge-sheen ehlukile yensimbi futhi kukhanya.
Kwimisebe yelanga emapulini amnyama, ungaphawula amathunzi ansomi onsomi noma aluhlaza. Isisu namahlombe ale nyoni amhlophe, kwenzeka ukuthi amathiphu ezimpiko nawo apendwe mhlophe. Kungenxa yezingxenye ezimhlophe abaqale ukuzibiza izinyoni - amashumi amane amhlophe-emaceleni.
Futhi-ke, umsila omude omnyama. Yize, empeleni, izimpaphe zale nyoni zingemibala emibili kuphela, kepha uma ubuka i-magpie isikhathi esithile, ungabona umdlalo omangalisayo wama-shades nokuchichima, ubuhlakani obuhlukile.
Kodwa-ke, intwasahlobo akusona isikhathi esihle sokubheka umbala wenyoni, njengoba imibala incipha futhi ingathandeki kangako. Lokhu kungenxa yokuncibilika kwezinyoni. Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola umbala weplamu.
Amagagasi asemancane anombala ocishe afane, kodwa nokho awacebile njengabantu abadala. Cishe, ukuzama ukuthola iplamu elihle kakhulu, okokuqala, izimpethu ezincane ziqala ukulungisa kancane ngaphambi kokuhlelelwa. Baguqula yonke iplamu futhi manje ngeke bahlukaniswe abanye. Isithombe seMagpie khombisa ngokusobala ukubukeka okukhethekile kwale nyoni.
I-gait of the magpies ikhethekile futhi ihlukile, yize isemhlabathini, ezimeni eziningi, le nyoni ihamba ngokungahambisani. On umqhele zezihlahla izimpethu nazo zihamba kuvuza, futhi zikwenza ngokungacabangi futhi nimbly. Emoyeni, inyoni ihlela, ukundiza kwayo akuchazi.
Amashumi amane awakwazi ukubekwa phakathi kwezinyoni ezidumile zokucula, kepha izwi lakhe lizwa kaningi. Ingxoxo yamashumi amane icacile kakhulu futhi ukuyidida nezinye izinyoni kumane kungenzeki. Ijubane lale ngoma lisebenza njengohlobo lwesiginali kuzo zonke ezinye izinyoni, imisindo esheshayo nenamandla yenyoni ixwayisa ngengozi.
Ngemisindo enjalo esheshayo, izinyoni zindiza zihlukane, kepha uma ijubane lihamba kancane, khona-ke izibungu ziqaphile futhi zime. Ngakho ngosizo lwe-monotonous, ekuqaleni kokubuka, imisindo, imininingwane ebalulekile ishintshaniswa phakathi kwezinyoni.
Enye "amagama" omlingo yi- "kia" noma "ukukhahlela". Kwabonakala ukuthi kungosizo lwabo ukuthi le mazi libika ngensimu yalo.
Imvamisa benza imisindo enjalo, ngokuba mqhele wezihlahla. Kaningi ungezwa ukukhala okude, izwi labo likhipha okufana ne- “chakras”, “teal” noma “chara”. Ngokuya ngobude nangokomqondo, lezi zikhalo nazo zinencazelo ekhethekile futhi zisebenzela ukuxhumana.
Izwi lenyoni ye-magpie ingasho okuningi hhayi kuzo zonke ezinye izinyoni, kepha nasezilwaneni zehlathi, ngokwesibonelo, lezi zinyoni zazisa ngokusondela komzingeli. Futhi lokhu kuyingxenye encane yalokho okwaziwayo ngenkulumo yezinyoni.
Imisindo ekhethekile eyenziwe yizinyoni, lapho ungahlulela khona isimo semvelo sobuhle obumnyama nokumhlophe
Abesilisa bangabameli abakhulu balezi zinhlobo ngokuqhathaniswa nabesifazane. Le nto ivame ukutholakala emvelweni ngokunembile ezinhlanzini, yize ezincelisayo, ngapha, izinsikazi zingaba zinkulu. Ngokuqondene nokufaka imibala, akukho mehluko wobulili. Imibala iyefana kuwo wonke umuntu. Imisila uma iqhathaniswa nomzimba ibukeka yinde futhi inyathela. Okuphawuleka ngokukhethekile yizwi lalezi zinyoni, okuthi, kanye nombala nezinye izici ezihlukanisayo, kwezinye izibungu uhlobo lwekhadi lokushaya. Ososayensi bafakazele ukuthi uma izinyoni zalolu hlobo ziluhlaza, imisindo eziyenzayo iba kaningi, ifana nokukhala okungapheli. Esimweni esizolile, ungezwa kuphela ukukhonona okuyihlaya. Imisindo ekhethekile, ekhumbuza uhlobo oluthile lwethiloli noma ukugcwala okukhulu, noma kugcwele amanothi wokumemeza, kungazwakala kowesifazane noma kowesilisa ngesikhathi sokuqomisana: zihluke ngokuphelele kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile, zansuku zonke.
Umlingiswa weMagpie nendlela yokuphila
Kuyathakazelisa, izinyoni ezifudukayo noma cha? Kuyiqiniso, ehlobo awuvamile ukubona imilingo edolobheni, ondlunkulu abengeziwe kanye namajuba, kodwa ebusika izibungu nazo zibheka abondli. Kuvela ukuthi omlingo bayizinyoni ezihlala phansi; azikaze zindize zihlale ekhaya isikhathi eside. Ezindaweni lapho kunenqwaba yazo, kwesinye isikhathi zakha imihlambi futhi ngenxa yalokho zizulazula ndawonye.
Ngokuvamile lokhu kungabonakala ekwindla. Ngobusika, lapho kubanda futhi kuneqhwa eliningi, izimantshi, kanye namaqhude namadada, andiza aye emadolobhaneni nasemadolobhaneni amancane athule lapho kulula khona ukuthola ukudla. Kunjalo izinyoni ebusika ubusika.
Amashumi amane, nokho, abahlali abahlali bemukeleka, njengoba izinyoni zihlala zizama ukweba okuthile okudliwayo. Ngisho nezinja ezimbi azizona izithiyo kubo, ziyazikhohlisa, ziphazamise zidle. Kepha izibungu - izinyoni zasendle, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukubahlisa.
Isikhathi esisele, omilingo bahlala ngababili. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabona umhlambi omncane wezinyoni ezi-5-6, ngokunokwenzeka lo ngumndeni lapho kukhona khona izibungu kuze kube unyaka. Bazama ukuhlala besondelene. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela, futhi uma kunesidingo, ukulwela insimu.
Mayelana noMagpie bird Basho ukuthi bahlakaniphe kakhulu, bayaguga, banobuqili futhi banobuqili. Kukhona nolimi olukhethekile lapho izinyoni zikwazi ukuxhumana ngolwazi oludingekayo komunye nomunye.
Ezinye Izici Zokuphila zeMagpie
Njengoba izibungu ziyizinyoni eziqaphile, azibeki engcupheni yokuhlala emahlathini aminyene, zikhetha izindawo eziphephile ikakhulukazi. Imvamisa bahlala eduze nalezindawo lapho kuhlala khona abantu. Amagagasi akhetha izinsolo, amahlathi amancane amahlathi, amapaki, izingadi. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi noma iyiphi i-magpie ivikela ngenkuthalo futhi ivikele izindlu zayo. Izihlahla ezinezidleke zivikelwe ngenkuthalo yilezi zinyoni kusukela ekubonakaleni kwezivakashi ezingafuneki, ngokwesibonelo, izihlobo noma abanye abangalungile. Lesi sici singenxa yomncintiswano omkhulu wendawo enhle yokuhlala. Ukuphendula umbuzo oyisihluthulelo wale ndatshana (inyoni efudukayo ngamashumi amane noma cha), kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi lezi zinyoni zivame ukunamathelwa endaweni ethile yokuhlala futhi azizwa sikhona isidingo sokushiya izidleke zazo zibanjiwe.
Kaningi, izimbungulu ngababili zithande ukukhetha izihlahla ezinomqhele omnyama njengendawo yokwakha isidleke, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi zifihlwe ezitheni. Ososayensi bathi imilingo, ngokungatholi indawo efanelekayo yokwakha isidleke, ingenqaba ngisho nokuqhubeka nolohlobo futhi iqede ukubambisana. Into enjalo ifakazela ubukhona bobuhlakani kulezi zinyoni. Ezimweni lapho omunye wabashadikazi efa, owesibili uhlala engenakuzivikela kubaqhudelani, futhi lokhu kunikeza ithuba elihle lokuthatha indawo yomunye umuntu ngokushayela inkosikazi yakhe engumnikazi noma umniniyo esidlekeni esidlekelwe kanye namachwane.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Amagagasi ayizinyoni ezibhanqiwe, futhi kuwuphawu kuzo ukuthi izinyoni zimbi kakhulu futhi zinomthwalo wemfanelo ekukhetheni umlingani. Lezi zinyoni zakha ngababili ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwazo. Kepha ukuqala kokuqala kwalezi zinyoni kwenzeka ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, kakade entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo lo mbhangqwana unakekela ngokwakha izidleke nam amaphuphu.
Isidleke salezi zinyoni sinomklamo okhethekile futhi siyisakhiwo esiyingqayizivele emhlabeni wezinyoni. Isidleke sikhulu, kepha sifakwe "okubizwa ngokuthi" uphahla ", okuwuhlobo lokuvikelwa ngobuqili ngaphezulu kwesidleke. Kwakhelwa indawo yokuhlala inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ngamagatsha omile, futhi ngaphezulu kuhlanganiswa nodaka nobumba.
I-Imaged isidleke se-magpie esinamaqanda
Ugqoko wesidleke uvame ukwakhiwa ngotshani, izimpande, amaqabunga kanye noboya bezilwane. Umsebenzi uyakhandleka impela, futhi lokhu yize iqiniso lokuthi izibungu zakha izidleke eziningana, bese zinquma ukuthi zizophila kuphi ngokunethezeka ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinyoni zivame ukubeka izidleke zazo phezulu, emqheleni wezihlahla, kuyaqabukela ezihlahleni.
Cishe ngo-Ephreli-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angaba ngu-8. Insikazi ifaka la maqanda kuphela. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-18, kuzalwa amachwane. Kusukela kulesi sikhathi, izibopho nokunakekelwa kwezingane kuthinta bobabili abazali. Izingane zinesifiso esandayo sokudla kanye nomuzwa oyindlala wokulamba, ngakho-ke abazali kufanele babanikeze umsoco omuhle wokukhula nokuthuthuka okufanele.
Abantu abadala basebenza ngokungakhathali ukuthola isilinganiso esifanele sokudla senzalo yabo. Cishe inyanga eyodwa emva kokuzalwa, izingane zikulungele ukuphuma esidlekeni, kodwa zihlala ziseduze nabazali bazo. Lapha umndeni omkhulu wezinyoni uhlala unyaka.
Kunezimo lapho omlingo behlala khona beneminyaka engama-30, banikezwa izimo zokuphila ezinhle kakhulu kanye nokudla okunempilo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izibungu ziphila okuncane, isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila iminyaka eyi-15.
Ukudla kweMagpie
UMagpie uyinyoni eyisimangaliso, njengoba bedla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla nama-gourmet kunzima kakhulu ukubabiza. I-Magpie iyinyoni emnivivorous, isebenzisa cishe konke okungatholakala. Amagagasi angathola ithambo noma alithathe ngokukhohlisa inja, angalimaza isidleke, adle amaqanda noma amantshontsho nje.
Ikakhulu entwasahlobo, izibungu zivame ukuhlangana eduze nezihlahlana zifuna izidleke ezincane lapho zingathola khona ukudla. Ezinye izinyoni zivame ukuhlupheka ngenxa yalokhu, kepha akukho okuzokwenziwa, imvelo ihlelwe kanjalo.
Kwesinye isikhathi inyamazane yezinyamazane nayo iba ngamagundane amancane, lapho izinyoni zibhekana khona noqhwaku lwazo olunamandla nolunamandla.
Amagagasi nawo aneliswa ngama-preys amancane, isibonelo, izinambuzane, izimbungulu, amacimbi. Ngaphezu kokudla kwezilwane, izibungu zijabule futhi ziyimifino. Bajabulela ukudla amantongomane, okusanhlamvu, imbewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene nezithelo ezihlahleni.
Isidleke se-Magpie, amaphuphu
I-magpie ithanda indlela yokuphila yobabili. Bahlala bodwa noma amakoloni wababili abangama-5-7. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlukaniswa ngokwethembeka okumangazayo kumlingani nekhono lokwakha isidleke.
Zombili lezi zinyoni zihlala zibandakanyeka ohlelweni lokwakha. Ukubeka isidleke esiyindilinga, lesi silwane sisebenzisa amagatsha aqinile, amahlamvu kanye nobumba. Izimpande ezingatheni, amahlumela otshani, utshani obomile noma amahlumela ezinwele zezilwane ezithambile asetshenziswa njengodoti wangaphakathi. Umnyango unamathiselwe ohlangothini lwesidleke, kanti kukhona itreyi lobumba eduze kwalo. Ukuhlomisa ophahleni lwenyoni isebenzisa amagatsha.
Ezimweni eziningi, izidleke ezijwayelekile zama-magpie ukuphakama okuhle, phakathi kwamagatsha ezihlahla ezinde. Ezihlahlini nasezitshalweni ezine-herbaceous, izidleke azivamile. Esidlekeni esisodwa kuvame ukuphuma amaqanda ezinhlamvana ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Inqubo yokudonswa kwamaqanda ihlala ezinsukwini eziyi-18 kuye kwezingama-20. Isayensi ikhombisile ukuthi abesifazane besifazane be-magpie bahlukaniswa ngumqondo omangalisayo womama. Noma ingxenyana ibambeka emzimbeni wakhe, akasishiyi isidleke futhi uyaqhubeka nokuvikela inzalo esizayo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhanyelwa, owesilisa uqapha ngokunakekela isidleke futhi alethe ukudla kowesifazane izikhathi ezingama-3-5 ngehora.
Amachwane eMagpie angahlala esidlekeni amasonto amathathu kuya amane. Ngemuva kwalokho, baqala ukwenza izinkomba zabo zokuqala ezizimele. Kuze kube yisikhathi sokukhula, abazali bondla izingane zabo ngokucophelela futhi bazivikele kunoma iyiphi ingozi. Abantu abadala baletha ukudla okuhlukahlukene esidlekeni, kufaka phakathi:
- izibungu
- iminenke
- I-Zhukov,
- nangemva kwamachwane wezinyoni ezincane, njengamakhanda, ama-tits nokunye),
Amagagasi ayakwazi ukonakalisa izidleke zabanye abantu ukuze afune ukudla. Uma amawundlu enokudla, le ndlela yokuziphatha ayibonwa.
Umlingisi Magpie
I-magpie inomlingiswa ongajwayelekile, okuthi ngezindlela eziningi ifane nesimo sezinye izinto ezi-corvids. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, le nyoni yaveza ubuhlakani bayo obuyingqayizivele, ubuhlakani kanye nelukuluku. Ngaphambi kokuthatha noma isiphi isinyathelo, umuntu onemibala ucabanga kahle, asihlole ngobuhlakani isimo futhi aqhubeke aqaphele kuze kube sekupheleni. Noma iziphi izinguquko emvelweni kuholele ekuqasheni okwandayo. Ngokubona ingozi, izinyoni ziqala ukukhala kakhulu, zixwayisa izihlobo ngenhlekelele ezayo.
Futhi nokuziphatha kwenyoni esidlekeni futhi ekundizeni kuthathwa njengokuzolile, uma ingena esimweni esiyingozi, iqala ukwenza imisindo enkulu nemisindo engathi ifana nengxoxo, ukukhonkotha, ukubhoboza u- “chia-chia”, isiphuzo esinegobongo nesikhonkwane. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhala kwe-magpie kukwenza uqaphele hhayi kuphela abamele izinhlobo zayo, kodwa nezinye izinyoni. Kuzwa izwi le-magpie eshaqisayo elibonisa ukusondela komzingeli noma abazingeli, izakhamuzi zasehlathini ziqala ukucasha emiseleni, ezidlekeni noma kwenye indawo yokukhosela. Ngalesi sizathu, amashumi amane abhekwa njengama-scouts amahle kakhulu kanye nonogada bamahlathi. Kulula ukuqagela, okwaqhamuka kuso isaga esidumile esithi "amashumi amane emsileni silethwe."
By the way, umsila ubuye ingxenye emangalisa kakhulu yenyoni, eyehluka ngezimpawu zayo. Lapho umngani wezilwane zasendle enezinhlwathi ehlala egatsheni, ngokuqondile uphulula umsila wakhe. Lokhu kuziphatha kujwayelekile kwezinye izinyoni. Uma uqhathanisa i-magpie nabanye abamele umndeni wegwababa, khona-ke kuhola indlela yokuphila nenkuthalo kakhulu. Le nyoni akuvamile ukuba ime endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside, ihlala igxuma igatsha isiya egatsheni, ibheke izidleke zabanye abantu, futhi indiza amabanga amade ifuna ukwelashwa okumnandi.
Amagagasi agwema ukusondelana nabantu. Ukushintsha izihlobo eziseduze zamagwababa nezinselo, okuthi lapho kufika isimo sezulu esibandayo, sithuthele ngamapaki emadolobheni nasezivandeni, zenze indiza eyodwa kuphela ukuya endaweni yehlathi lepaki. Kunombono wokuthi isilwane singantshontsha izinto ezibalulekile nobucwebe. Kepha ukutholwa kwecala kukhulu ngokweqile, ngoba inyoni isilungele ukuthatha into kuphela uma iqiniseka ukuthi akukho okusongela yona. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, ngeke afake impilo yakhe engcupheni ngenxa yesifundo esingaqondakali.
Idla ini i-magpie ejwayelekile?
I-Magpie bird ikhetha ukudla okunempilo uhlamvu lwesilwane. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokudliwayo ihlala izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene nezilwane ezincane, kufaka phakathi:
Uma ithuba livela, umhlaseli onemibala akenqabeli ithuba lokujabulela ucezu lwenyama olukhulu. Lapho kufika isikhathi sezidleke, ama-magpie achitha isikhathi esiningi efuna izidleke ze-songbird ukuntshontsha amaqanda nokudla amaphuphu amancane. Kepha lo mzingeli wehlathi uhlasela izinyoni zodwa, ngoba abantu abahlala ezikoleni bangakuhlasela futhi banikeze inkinga ebucayi.
Isikhathi sonke, inyoni ayidonseli ukunakwa okukhethekile futhi ifuna i-carrion, ithathe udoti bese ivakashela abondli bayo. Uma kukhulunywa ngokuthola ukudla, khona-ke kukhombisa isibindi esimangalisayo, ubuhlakani, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukungabinaki. Ukubuka amafilimu ngemvelo, ungabona ukuthi inyoni ngaphandle kwenhlonipho ithatha kanjani ukudla ngaphansi kwempumulo ye-fox noma yebhere.
Izimpethu ezimnyama ezihlala ezifundeni zasehlathini eNyakatho Afrika zisebenza ngendlela emangalisayo yokuthola ukudla. Abamele lokhu kuzalanisa bathuthela kakhulu emadlelweni beyofuna izinambuzane ezinomsoco futhi “bapake” ngokukhululeka emihlane yezinkomo ezidla imfuyo. Njengama-Dragons kanye ne-buffalo herons, omlingo basebenza ekuhlanzeni izinwele zezilwane ezinkulu ezivela ezinambuzaneni nasezinhlamvwini eziningi. Ngalesi sizathu, imfuyo, izindlovu kanye nezinyathi azikhombisi ulaka kulaba odokotela abanezinwele. Ngaphezu kokuphakelwa kwemifino, inyoni ingadla imbewu nezithelo zezitshalo, okusanhlamvu namantongomane amancane.
Yini izitha zemilpie
Njengezinye izinyoni eziningi, i-magpie inezitha eziningi zemvelo. Phakathi kwazo:
- okhozi
- okhozi
- amanga
- oklebe
- izikhova
- amakati asendle,
- izikhova
Futhi, umfelokazi angakhuphuka esidlekeni aye kulenyoni, futhi izakhamizi zasezindaweni ezishisayo ziphindaphindeka zihlushwa ukuhlaselwa izinyoka. Kodwa ngenxa yokuqonda okumangalisayo futhi nge-savvy enhle, inani lamashumi amane lihlala likhulu kakhulu. Izinyoni ziyazi ukuthi zingaphunyuka kanjani engozini futhi zivikele nemindeni yazo.
Ukubaluleka kwesiko lezinyoni emazweni ahlukene kanye nakwizizwe ezahlukahlukene kuhluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. AmaNdiya aseNyakatho Melika ahlobanisa i-magpie nemimoya yehlathi, futhi ezifundeni zase-East Asia wayethathwa njengesithunywa senjabulo futhi aphathwe ngenhlonipho enkulu. Emazweni aseYurophu, le nyoni ibingakufaneli ukunakwa okukhethekile kubantu. Abanini bezilimo, izingadi namapulazi basabele kabi ekuxhumaneni ne-magpie, njengoba wayevame ukucosha okusanhlamvu okusakazeke ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela.
Abazingeli abakwazanga ukuthwala inyoni ngenxa yokuziphatha kwayo okubonakalayo ekutholeni ingozi. Uma umzingeli engena ehlathini, ehleli esidlekeni noma egatsheni, ngokushesha wayekhipha isililo eshaqisayo futhi azise ezinye izilwane ngalokho okwenzekayo.
Lapho abaphezulu bethola isidingo ephezulu kanye namazinga amasha entuthuko, isimo sengqondo mayelana nenyoni empeleni sasingashintshi. Kuze kube manje, kubhekwa njengommeleli oyingozi wezinyoni, umndeni wama-corvids ngenxa yekhono lokubhubhisa izidleke zezinyoni ezincane zamaculo. Kepha ukulimala okwenziwe encekwini ezithophayo kuyavunyelwa ngezenzo ezizuzisayo ezenziwa ngamakhuba, zichithe amakoloni ezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Incazelo ejwayelekile yenyoni
Ukuchazwa kwe-magpie kusho ukuthi leli qembu lezinyoni lingelomndeni wesidwaba kanye nolunye uhlobo lwe-9 genera.
Kuya ngokuthi ukukhanya kuwela kanjani, amaplamu we-magpie angabonakala ehlukile. Inyoni enjalo icwebezela nge-violet, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza, kepha ngemuva kokuncibilika kwentwasahlobo la matoni alahlekile. Lokhu kungabonakala ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa. Kunzima ukubona ukuqothuka okunjalo ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo.
Usayizi womzimba we-magpie ufinyelela cishe kumamitha ayi-0,5. Izimpiko kuleli cala zifinyelela amasentimitha angama-90.
Umsila we-magpie mude kunomzimba uqobo futhi unesimo esiteji.
Ijit ye-magpie ikhethekile, yize le nyoni ihamba ngokungagudluki emhlabathini. On umqhele zezihlahla, izinyoni ezinjalo zihamba ngosizo kuzuba, futhi zikwenza masinyane futhi ngokungafanele. Lapho i-magpie indiza emoyeni, ungabona ukuthi indiza yayo iyachichima.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Imagpie, i-magpie ejwayelekile, noma, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge- magpie yaseYurophu, iyinyoni eyaziwayo evela emndenini we-corvidae we-Passeriformes ye-oda. Ngegama lakhe futhi wanikeza igama i-genus magpie, futhi efaka ezinye izinhlobo ezingafani, ezifanayo ne-magpie ejwayelekile ekwakhiweni komzimba, kepha ihluke kubo ngemibala egqamile futhi enemibala ehlukahlukene. Igama lesiLatini lezinhlobo yiPica pica. Izihlobo eziseduzane zalezi zinyoni ingamagwababa jay.
Isikhathi semvelaphi singamashumi amane futhi ukwehlukaniswa kwabo namanye amakhaza akusaziwa ngokuqinisekile. Imfucumfucu yokuqala ithola ifana nezinyoni zama-corvidae zingeMiddle Miocene, futhi iminyaka yazo icishe ibe yizigidi eziyi-17. Batholakala endaweni yeFrance neJalimane yanamuhla. Kulokhu singafunga ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa komndeni ezinhlotsheni kwenzeka kamuva kakhulu.
Ividiyo: Magpie
Manje, ama-ornithologists aqala ngomcabango wokuthi izibungu zavela eYurophu njengezinhlobo zezinyama, futhi kancane kancane zasakazekela kulo lonke i-Eurasia, kwathi ngasekupheleni kwePleistocene zangena endaweni yeNyakatho Melika yanamuhla ngeBering Strait. Kodwa-ke, eTexas, amaminerali atholakala ayesikhumbuza kakhulu i-European magpie kunange-subspecies yaseCalifornia, ngakho-ke kwaba nenguqulo yokuthi i-magpie ejwayelekile ingavela njengohlobo olusivele lukhona ku-Pliocene, okungukuthi, cishe izigidi ezi-2-5 edlule, kodwa kunoma yikuphi ngaphambili ngalesi sikhathi.
Kuze kube manje, okungenani izikhungo ezingama-10 zemagpie ziyaziwa. Izici ezihlukile zemilingo ejwayelekile umsila wayo omude nombala omnyama nomhlophe.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Photo: Magpie bird
Umbala wezibungu uhlukile, futhi ngenxa yalokho uyaziwa kahle ngabaningi. I-plumage yelanga iyisikimu sombala omnyama nomhlophe. Inhloko yenyoni, intamo yayo, emuva nesifuba nomsila kumnyama ngombala ngensimbi, kwesinye isikhathi iblue bluish tint, i-tint futhi ikhanya, ikakhulukazi ibonakaliswa ukukhanya kwelanga. Kulokhu, isisu se-magpie, izinhlangothi namahlombe kumhlophe. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi amathiphu ezimpiko aphenduke amhlophe qwa. Ngombala omhlophe obonakalayo, zingamantongomane futhi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “magpie-white-sided”.
Ama-Magpies afinyelela ku-50 cm ubude, kepha kaningi azungeze ama-40-45 cm. I-Wingspan ingu-50-70 cm, kwezinye izimo ifinyelela ku-90 cm, kepha lokhu kuyinto ehlukile kunesikhathi. Umsila mude ngokwanele, cishe cishe amasentimitha angama-25, acishe abe yingxenye yobude benyoni yonke, abahamba ngokuhambahamba futhi abasebenza ngempela. Abesifazane nabesilisa akuhlukile kwangaphandle, ngoba banemibala efanayo nosayizi ofanayo.
Kusekhona umehluko, futhi kuqukethe ukuthi abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu, kepha lokhu akubonakali kusukela ngaphandle. Owesilisa ojwayelekile unesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-230, kanti owesimame ojwayelekile unesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-200. Ikhanda lenyoni lincane ngokwanele, uqhwaku lubambeke kancane futhi luqine kakhulu, okujwayelekile kuwo wonke amakhorali.
Izinyawo zobude obuphakathi, kepha zizacile, zinezine. Emhlabathini kushukumisela ukugxuma okungamashumi amane nokugxuma, futhi ngasikhathi sinye yomibili imilenze. Umsila ngasikhathi sinye ubambe up. I-gait efana negwababa noma ijuba ayilona uphawu lwezimpethu. Endizeni, le nyoni ithanda ukuhlela, ngakho-ke ukundiza kukaMagpie kubukeka kusinda futhi kungathandeki. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge- "diving." Ngenkathi indiza, i-magpie isakaza amaphiko ayo kakhulu futhi isakaze umsila wayo, ngakho-ke ibukeka kahle kakhulu, futhi ifana nezinyoni zepharadesi ezisesimweni sayo.
Ukushaywa okukhulu kwe-magpie kuyinto ebonakala kakhulu. Umsindo waso uyabonakala kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima ukusihlanganisa nakho konke ukukhala kwenyoni.
Uhlala kuphi Magpie?
Photo: Isilwane Magpie
Indawo yokuhlala yezinyoni zitholakala kakhulu endaweni yase-Eurasia, ngaphandle kwengxenye yayo esenyakatho-mpumalanga, kepha kunabantu abangabodwa eKamchatka. Amagagasi axazululwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu ukusuka eSpain naseGrisi kuye kwiNhlonhlo yeScandinavia. Lezi zinyoni azikho kwezinye iziqhingi zoLwandle iMedithera. E-Asia, izinyoni zihlala eningizimu engama-65 ° enyakatho ukusuka endaweni esenyakatho, futhi eduze nasempumalanga, umngcele osenyakatho wezindawo ezingamashumi amane kancane kancane uhlehla uye eningizimu ufike kuma-50 ° enyakatho ukuya lapho usuka khona.
Izinyoni ezinomkhawulo zihlala enyakatho, eduzane kakhulu neYurophu, izingxenye ze-Afrika - ikakhulukazi izindawo ezisogwini zase-Algeria, Moroko nase Tunisia. E-hemisphere esentshonalanga, imilingo itholakala eNyakatho Melika kuphela, ezifundeni zayo ezisentshonalanga ukusuka e-Alaska kuya eCalifornia.
Izindawo ezijwayelekile zama-magpie yizikhala ezivulekile ezilungele ukuthola ukudla. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele zisondele ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni ukuze isidleke esikhulu singasontekile. Emahlathini amakhulu ayivelakancane. Amashumi amane angabhekwa njengezakhamuzi zasemakhaya ezijwayelekile. Uthanda ukuhlala eduze kwezihlahla nezinkambu ezizungezwe izihlahlana namabhande amahlathi. Kepha imilingo iyatholakala futhi emapaki amadolobha nasezitolo ezinkulu zamadolobha, ezihambisana nokusesha okulula kokudla emadolobheni ezimeni zesimo sasebusika ngesimo semfucuza kanye nezinsalela zokudla. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni zihlala emigwaqweni noma kojantshi.
Izimbaza azikaze ziphume emakhaya isikhathi eside. Yebo, kwesinye isikhathi bangahlangana ngemihlambi emincane bese kuthi ebusika bangene edolobhaneni noma insimu bathuthele edolobheni elincane ukwenza kube lula ukuthola ukudla, kepha konke lokhu kwenzeka esifundeni esifanayo, futhi nebanga lokuhamba alidluli kumakhilomitha ayishumi. Lokhu kuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni ezihlanganisa amabanga amqoka nezikhathi zonyaka ezishintshayo. Ngakho-ke, imilingo izinyoni ezihlala phansi, hhayi izinyoni ezifudukayo.
Ngabe kudlani ama-magpie?
Photo: Magpie ehlathini
Eqinisweni, i-magpie iyinyoni emangazayo. Ingadla okusanhlamvu nembewu emasimini, izinambuzane ze-peck nezinhlayiyana ezivela kuboya bezinkomo ezidla noma izilwane ezinkulu zasendle, ngokuzithandela zidle izibungu, amacimbi nezibungu, zibe nekhono lokumba ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Ezindaweni zezolimo, ezingamashumi amane azithandwa ngoba zonakalisa isivuno, ngokwesibonelo, ukhukhamba we-peck, ama-apula, futhi ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu kusekhona amakhabe namakhabe.
Endlala, azideleli ukugcotshwa kanye nodoti ezindaweni zokulahla udoti zasemadolobheni. Badla ngokulangazela lokho okuqukethwe ama-feeders, kufaka phakathi isinkwa, amantongomane, okusanhlamvu noma okunye ukudla kwezitshalo okusele lapho. Angaba kalula amathambo ezinjeni. Kepha imvamisa, i-ceteris paribus, imantshi isazama ukudla ukudla kwesilwane.
Ngaphezu kwezinambuzane, ukudla kwazo kufaka phakathi:
- Amacici amancane
- Amaxoxo
- Iminenke
- Izikhala ezincane
- Amakati ezinye izinyoni,
- Amaqanda aqhamuka ezidlekeni zasemzini.
Uma inyamazane inkulu, khona-ke imantshi iyidla ngezingcezu, iphule izingcezu zenyama ngomlomo wayo onamandla futhi ibambe isidlo sayo sonke kanye nezidladla zayo. Ikakhulu kusuka ekuhlaselweni yizinyamazane, izinyoni ezihlala ezihlahleni noma enkundleni evulekile zithwalwa ngamamango, amachibi, izigwaca, nezinye izinyoni, lapho izidleke zamantongomane zigibela khona phakathi nesikhathi sokudlela ukuntshontsha amaqanda noma ukudla amantshontsho aqanjiwe.
Iqiniso elikhangayo: i-magpie ifaka ukudla okweqile emhlabathini njengezindawo zokulondolozwa kwendlala. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubuhlakani benyoni buyayivumela ukuthi ithole ngokushesha isilondolozi sayo. Ngokungafani nemilingo, ama-squirrels noma ama-rod amancane amancane angakwazi ukukuphinda lokhu.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Photo: Magpie ngendiza
Izimbaza zihlala emihlanjini emincane yezinyoni ezingama-5-7, kaningi iyodwa. Indawo yokuhlala yeqembu inenzuzo enkulu kuyo maqondana nokuphepha. I-magpie ixwayisa ngokusondela kwezitha noma yiziphi izidalwa eziphilayo ezisolisayo ngokukhonkotha, ezinye izinyoni ngisho nezilwane, njengamabhere, ezifundile ukukuqonda. Kungakho lapho kuvela abazingeli, izilwane zivame ukubalekela kuphela ngemuva kokuzwa i-magpie. Ubungqabavu bemilingo ukuthi babhangqiwe, futhi babumba ngazimbili impilo.
Izinyoni ezimbili zihlala zibamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezidleke. Isidleke sibekwe ngendlela eyindilinga enomnyango ohlangothini kanye nothayela wobumba ohlangothini lwaso. Amagatsha obumba kanye nokuqina kanye namahlamvu aya ekwakhiweni kwezindonga nophahla, futhi amafindo asetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ophahleni. Ingaphakathi lesidleke libekwe ngotshani, ngotshani obomile, izimpande kanye namahlumela oboya. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, umbhangqwana owodwa ungakha izidleke eziningana, kodwa ekugcineni zikhetha eyodwa. Ezinye izinyoni, ngokwesibonelo, izikhova, ama-kestrels, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izilwane, isibonelo, ama-squirrels noma ama-martens, bese zishiya izidleke.
Ngaphandle kokuphila kokuhlala phansi, uma uqhathanisa namanye ama-corvidae magpies ayizinyoni ezihamba phambili futhi ezisebenzayo. Kubonakala ngokunyakaza kwansuku zonke. Akavamile ukuma isikhathi eside endaweni eyodwa futhi ugxuma njalo esuka kwelinye igatsha liye kwelinye, indiza amabanga amade, aseshe izihlahla nezihlahla efuna izidleke zabanye abantu nokudla. Kuholela yokuphila kwansuku zonke.
UMagpie unenkumbulo enhle, futhi phakathi kwazo zonke izinyoni kubhekwa njengenye ehlakaniphe kunazo zonke. Yize enelukuluku kakhulu, ubambekile futhi uyakwazi ukugwema izicupho. Le nyoni kulula ukuyifunda, ifunda amakhono amasha futhi ivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo eziguqukayo. Izazi zezitho zemilingo zithole nokucabanga ngokucophelela kwezenzo ezilandelanayo nemisiko yenhlalo.
Kuneziphakamiso ukuthi imilingo iyayazi ngisho nenkulumo yokudabuka. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lezi zinyoni azinendaba nezinto ezicwebezelayo ezintshontsha abantu noma zibalandele emigwaqweni. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukweba akwenzeki obala, futhi ngaphambi kokuthatha leyo nto izinyoni zihlale ziqinisekisa ukuthi azikho engcupheni.
Iqiniso elikhangayo: namuhla i-magpie iyona nyoni kuphela engazibona esibukweni, futhi ungacabangi ukuthi kukhona omunye umuntu ophambi kwayo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Magpie egatsheni
Amagagasi ahlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi kaningi azinikele kulowo okhethiwe. Bakhetha umlingani wabo ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Kubo, lesi yisinqumo esibalulekile, ngoba yimbhangqwana nje kuphela abazondlayo futhi bondle amaphuphu kuyo yonke iminyaka elandelayo.
Ngentwasahlobo, omlingo bakhetha indawo eseceleni ehlathini noma ephezulu esihlahleni. Uma kunezindlu ezakhiwe ngabantu abaseduze kwalapho, khona-ke imilingo ikhetha indawo esidlekeni ephakeme ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokwesaba ukungena. Amagagasi aqala ukushada nomlingani ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila kuphela.
Imvamisa imvamisa ibekela amaqanda ayisikhombisa noma ayisishiyagalombili. Ukufakwa kweqanda kwenzeka maphakathi no-Ephreli. Amaqanda awo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuluhlaza okotshani, osayizi abaphakathi afinyelela ku-4 cm ubude. Insikazi ibandakanyeka ekufukelweni kwamaqanda. Izinsuku eziyi-18, uphulukisa amaphuphu esikhathi esizayo ngokushisa kwakhe. Amakati azalwa enqunu futhi eyimpumputhe. Ngemuva kokuqashwa kwabo, abazali babelana ngokulingana ngemisebenzi yabo yokunakekela. Lokho wukuthi, owesilisa nowesilisa banakekela amachwane. Bachitha sonke isikhathi sabo ekufuneni kanye nasekulethweni kokudla ezizukulwaneni zabo.
Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi esingangenyanga, futhi cishe ngosuku lwangama-25, amaphuphu aqala ukuzama ukundiza ukuphuma esidlekeni. Kodwa imizamo yezindiza ezizimele ayisho ukuthi bazoqala impilo ezimele ngokushesha okukhulu. Bahlala nabazali babo kuze kube sekuweni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka lokho unyaka wonke. Isikhathi eside bavimbela ukudla kubazali babo, yize ngokomzimba sebevele bekwazi ukukuthola ngokwabo.
Kwenzeka ukuthi emashumini amane ama-raptors abhubhise izidleke zawo. Ezimweni ezinje, izibungu zingakha kabusha isidleke noma ziqede ukwakha ezishiywe ngomunye umuntu, bese ziphinda zizalela amaqanda futhi. Kepha bazoyenza ngempumelelo ngaphezulu. Amaqembu aphelele omilingo abeka amaqanda ngoJuni kwesinye isikhathi ayaqapheleka. Mhlawumbe ngasizathu simbe ukuzama kwabo kwentwasahlobo ukuzala akuphumelelanga.
Izitha zemvelo ezingamashumi amane
Photo: Magpie ngemvelo
Endle, phakathi kwezitha ezingamashumi amane ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinyoni ezidla inyama:
Amathanga omlingo abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo kwesinye isikhathi nawo ahlushwa yinyoka. Ekuthambeni kwethu, squirrel, dillouse noma marten bangakhuphukela esidlekeni bayinyoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izilwane ezimbili zokugcina zidla amachwane namaqanda, khona-ke squirrel ayikwazi nje ukudla amaqanda enyoni noma amantshontsho ayo, kodwa imane nje iwadedele esidlekeni.
Futhi lokhu kuholela ekufeni kwabo. Izinyoni ezindala zikhulu kakhulu ezilwaneni ezinjalo. Kepha phakathi kwezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo, amakati asendle avame ukuhlasela angamashumi amane. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni ziba yizimpungushe kanti ezimweni ezingandile kakhulu izimpisi noma amabhere. I-magpie icophelela kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho ihlangana kakhulu, futhi izisulu ziyagula kakhulu noma izinyoni ezindala kakhulu.
Umuntu namuhla uphendukile esitha sezitha zamandla waba yinto yokungathathi hlangothi. Yebo, izidleke ziyachitheka noma izibungu ziqothulwe njengezinambuzane, kepha lokhu kuyivelakancane, futhi ukunakekela nokuqapha kusiza ukubalekela imilingo. Ngasikhathi sinye, sibonga abantu, izinyoni zinethuba lokuthola njalo ukudla ekudambeni komhlaba.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Magpie bird
Amagagasi angawezinhlobo ezingasongelwanga, futhi zona, ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni eziningi, azibhekene nokuqothulwa nhlobo. Inani labo labantu lizinze kakhulu. Namuhla, inani eliphelele lomlingo ojwayelekile lingaba yizigidi eziyi-12.
Noma ngabe kwenzeka ukuthi emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni abantu baze babulale ngamabomu amashumi amane ngoba bezithatha njengezinambuzane, inani eliphakathi lalezi zinyoni alinciphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izifunda kukhona nokukhuphuka ngezikhathi ezithile kwamanani abo eminyakeni ehlukene kuya ku-5%.
Ukuba khona okuqhubekayo kwalezi zinyoni kunomthelela omnivorousness kanye nekhono lokuthola ukudla ezimweni zobusika ezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu. Ukwanda okukhulu kwesibalo samashumi amane kuvela emadolobheni, lapho kuhlala khona izindawo eziningi kakhulu. Ubungako obuphakathi kwamadolobha angamashumi amane cishe ngamabili angama-20 ngekhilomitha elilodwa lesikwele.
Ukunakekelwa kwalezi zinyoni, ubuhlakani bazo obuphezulu nobuhlakani, kanye neqiniso lokuthi bobabili abazali banakekela inzalo, badlala indima ebalulekile. Izinsimbi zemilingo zitholakala ziphakeme, zimbozwe uphahla kusuka phezulu, ngakho-ke, ngisho nezinyoni ezidla inyama, azikwazi ukufinyeleleka. Amagagasi anempilo awatholakali kakhulu izinyamazane, ngakho-ke uma inyoni ifinyelele ebudaleni, singafunga ukuthi ukuphepha kwayo magpie isivele inikezwe.
Konke okulele kabi kudonsela ezingamashumi amane esidlekeni
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izibungu ziyizinyoni ezakha izidleke ezingejwayelekile nezinkimbinkimbi. Ukugqama kwesidleke se-magpie ukuthi ngaphakathi iqukethe amagatsha awugqinsi, futhi ngaphandle ihlanganiswa ngamakhambi futhi ihlanganiswe nobumba. Umbhede uqobo lwawo waklanywa ngamakhamba amancane. By the way, izidleke ezenza izibungu zinophahla, okudingekayo ngezinhloso zokufihlakala nokuvikelwa ezilwaneni eziyingozi. Umklamo onjalo awusebenzi njengokuvikelwa eqhweni noma emvuleni, ngeshwa, kodwa ungavikela amaphuphu angakaqhamuki emoyeni. Akuzona zonke izinyoni ezenza lolu hlobo lwokwakha, ngakho-ke izibungu emhlabeni wemvelo zithathwa njengezinyoni ezisebenza ngokuzikhandla nezingenamsebenzi. By the way, isisho esithi i-magpie sidonsela yonke into ecwebezelayo esidlekeni nakho konke okulele kabi ngokwengxenye kuyabonakala, ngoba ubuhle obumnyama nomhlophe budinga inani elikhulu lezinto ezithuthukisiwe zokwakha indlu ethokomele.
Ama-Omnivores kulula kakhulu ukudlulisa ukubanda kwiphakethe
Amagagasi ayizinyoni zasebusika, eziwuphawu lokuhlala endaweni yazo, lapho zisinda khona isikhathi sokufudumeza namazinga okushisa aphansi. Lezi zinyoni, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, zithanda ukuba seduze kwabantu, ngoba le nzuzo ikuvumela ukuba uthole izinhlobo eziningi zokudla. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi i-magpie iyisidalwa esimangazayo futhi ivumelana nezimo zokuphila ezintsha, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu kubo ukubekezelela ubusika. Amagagasi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi avikela izindlu zawo ngisho nakubafowabo, ahlala ethanda ukuhlala emaphaketheni, ngoba leli yithuba elihle lokuthola ukudla futhi azivikele lapho ekhona ngisho nokusongela okuncane empilweni. Endleleni, lapho amatheku echitha khona ubusika, ezinye izinyoni azihlali eduze. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuhle obumnyama nobumnyama buthathwa njengengxabano futhi bungenandaba nohlobo lwabo.
Ukuqhathanisa okuhlekisayo komuntu nge-magpie
Amagagasi izidalwa ezihlakaniphe kakhulu ezithambekele ekuboniseni ukudabuka. Kodwa-ke, lezi akusizo zonke izimfanelo ezinikezwa yilezi zinyoni. Kuyo yonke le minyaka yokubhekwa kososayensi babo futhi ngenkathi kuqhubeka ucwaningo lwabo oluningilizayo, kwaqhathaniswa ukuqhathanisa ezinye izimbuzane nabantu:
- Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukunakwa kwamashumi amane kudonswa ezintweni ezinhle kakhulu. Imvamisa kakhulu abesifazane abathanda kakhulu ubucwebe - obuyigugu noma bijouterie, buqhathaniswa kahle nalezi zinyoni.
- Abantu babuye babize amantshontsho amasela amancane, ngoba ngokwemvelo izinyoni ezinjalo zithambekele ekubambeni okubi.
- Amabhokisi e-chatter nalabo abangakwazi ukugcina imilomo yabo ivalekile bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-magpies. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inyoni ihlala ixoxa, futhi eNgilandi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi yisikhulumi.
Ukudla okuyinhloko
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, izibungu ziyizidalwa ezingakhethi. Zingadla noma yini futhi zingaphansi kwesigaba sama-omnivores. Umsoco wezibungu wenziwa ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezinambuzane. Iningi lalezi zinyoni lidla ngisho amachwane noma linganqandwanga amaqanda, lintshontshe ithambo ezilwaneni ezifuywayo noma lijabulele i-carrion, okuqukethwe ezitsheni zodoti. Kunezimo eziningi lapho izinyamazane zibhidliza izilimo emasimini bese ziphuca izilimo ezingadini. Kungakho izinyoni zasebusika (ama-magpies) zingeke zibulawa yindlala ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, futhi konke kubonga ngobuhlakani bazo, ubuqili kanye nokuvumelana nezimo empilweni.
Imikhuba nokuziphatha
Noma yiluphi ushintsho olwenzeka emvelweni lungaholela ekwandisweni kokuqapha kwengxenye ye-magpie. Lokho okwenziwa yimilingo lapho ibona ingozi kungashiwo. Ngalezo zikhathi ezinjalo, inyoni iqala ukumemeza kakhulu, kunokuxwayisa izihlobo ngenhlekelele ezayo.
Ukuziphatha kwale nyoni esidlekeni nasendizeni kuyazola, futhi uma ingena engcupheni engaba khona, yenza imisindo efana ne-chatter nokuncwina.
Uma imidlwane ihlala egatsheni, ibukisa ngomsila wayo. Lokhu kusabela kokuziphatha akujwayelekile kwezinye izinyoni.
Uma uqhathanisa i-magpie nabanye abamele umndeni wegwababa, khona-ke unendlela yokuphila esebenzayo nesebenzayo. Lolu hlobo lwenyoni aluvamile ukuma endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside. Cishe njalo, ugxumela esuka egatsheni eya kwelinye igatsha, abheke izidleke zabanye abantu futhi indiza amabanga amade eyofuna izinto ezinhle.
Vala ukuthintana nemagpies ukugwema. Lapho kuqala iqhwa, lezi zinyoni zithutha kakhulu ziye ezingadini zasedolobheni nasemapaki, futhi zenza izindiza ezizodwa eziya endaweni yokupaka ihlathi.
Amakhono obuhlakani
Amagagasi athathwa njengezinyoni ezihlakaniphile. Benza imicikilisho eyinkimbinkimbi yezenhlalo, okuyinto, ikakhulukazi, eveza ukudabuka.
Ubuhlakani bemagpie buyinikeza ikhono lokubona abantu ngobuso babo, ngenkathi izilwane ezincelisayo zingabukhumbuli nakancane ubuso bazo. Amagagasi ayakwazi nokuhlaziya izimo ngokuya ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwawo, futhi aqokomise ubudlelwane be-causal kuzimo ezahlukahlukene nezinqubo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nyoni ingazibona esibukweni.
Izici Zokuhlwaya
Amagagasi athanda ukuhlala ngababili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathembekile kumlingani wabo impilo yabo yonke. Bahlukaniswa futhi namandla okwakha izidleke. Emcimbini wokwakha, owesilisa nowesilisa babandakanyeka ngokulinganayo. Lapho imilingo isebenzisa khona ubusika bayo kanye nezidleke zazo kuxoxwa ngakho ngenhla.
Isidleke se-magpie, isithombe sokwethulwa ku-Intanethi, sinomklamo okhethekile futhi siyisakhiwo esiyingqayizivele emhlabeni wezinyoni. Isidleke sivame ukuba sikhulu, kepha sifakwe "okubizwa ngokuthi" uphahla ". Lolu uhlobo lokuvikelwa okukhohlisayo phezu kwendlu yamashumi amane. Isidleke senzalo yesikhathi esizayo sakhiwa kusuka emagatsheni omile, futhi kusuka phezulu kuhlanganiswa nodaka nobumba. Itreyi lesidleke lakhiwa kusuka ezimpandeni, otshanini, emacembe nasezinweleni zezilwane. Umsebenzi wamashumi amane ekwakhiweni kwendlu unzima ngempela, futhi lokhu yize iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinyoni zakha izidleke eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, bese ukhetha eyodwa ezihlala kuyo ngokunethezeka ngangokunokwenzeka. Lezi zinyoni zibeka izidleke zazo phezulu kakhulu, emqheleni wezihlahla noma ezihlahleni.
Uma isisekelo sokudla ezindaweni zokuhlala zamazimba sinqabile, khona-ke sinquma ukonakalisa isidleke somunye umuntu. Kodwa, uma kunokudla okwanele kwamachwane, khona-ke lezi zinyoni azihambi ngokubamba inkunzi.
Magpie Chicks
Amachwane eMagpie ahlala esidlekeni amasonto angama-3-4. Izimpethu zona-ke zingabazali abanesibindi nabakhathalelayo.
Iwundlu lama-magpie lithola ukudla okuvela kubazali balo ngesimo sezinambuzane ezincane, izimbungulu, izibungu, iminenke, kanye nezinyoni ezincane ezinjengezintwala namathile.
Ama-chick ashiya isidleke sawo somdabu kuphela lapho egcwalisa inyanga yawo.
Izinhlobo ezingamashumi amane
Ukuqagela izinhlobo zezinyamazane, akunakwenzeka ukuthi unganaki i-blue magpie. Ngokubukeka, ifana ne-magpie ejwayelekile, kepha isisindo sayo sincane kakhulu nombala wayo uqinile ngokwengeziwe. Ingaphezulu lekhanda lenyoni emnyama ngombala onsomi noma onsomi. Umhlane wakhe, izipikili, nehlombe kukhona grey elula noma i-ocher grey. I-Magpie yalolu hlobo inebanga elihlwengile. Ungahlangana naye eSouth-Western Europe - eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, kanye naseMpumalanga Asia - kusuka eTransbaikalia kuya empumalanga yeChina, Japan kanye neKorea.
I-Chinese azure magpie ivame kakhulu e-Asia: ukusuka e-East Pakistan nasezintabeni zeHimalaya kuya eGreat Sunda Islands. Isikhathi sokuphila semagpie sohlobo olufana nolwejwayelekile. Le yinhlobo yezinyoni ezihlala phansi ezihlala emahlathini ezintabeni.
Amaqiniso atholakalayo ngempilo yamashumi amane
- Isifunda sobuchopho se-Magpie, esibhekele ukuqaphela, sinosayizi ofanayo futhi nengxenye yobuchopho obufanayo kubantu.
- Uma ufunda amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-magpie, khona-ke indlela yokungena esidlekeni sayo ihlala ibheke eningizimu. Ngakho-ke ikhaya lizofudumala.
- Amagagasi angodokotela bezilwane ezinkulu nemfuyo, ngoba ahlanza izikhumba zalezi zilwane kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezinambuzaneni eziyingozi.
- Le nyoni ifihla konke okusele ekudleni uma kungenzeka kube nendlala. Ngasikhathi sinye, omilingo basithola ngokushesha lesi cache ngaphandle kobunzima.
- KumaShayina, le nyoni ithathwa njengophawu lwenjabulo, futhi futhi ne-magpie lapho ilethela abantu inhlanhla.
Amagagasi ayakwazi uku-onomatopoeia
Izwi lamashumi amane libukhali futhi liyindodana. Ukuzibiza ngesimo sokukhala kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukukhonkotha, imisindo ehlukahlukene yesithathu ngisho ne-squeal kuyaxhunyaniswa engomeni.
Amagagasi akhule ngabantu ahlukaniswa ngokungeniswa kanye nokukholwa. Inyoni ehlakaniphile enjalo inenhlalo. Usosayensi uchaze icala lapho i-macaw, upholi omkhulu, ingakwazanga ukuqala ukukhuluma izinyanga eziningi kuze kube yilapho ikheji layo libekwa eduze kwe-gage le-magpie yezandla, engazange ime usuku nosuku. Kuqala, i-macaw yaqala ukulingisa imagpie ebukelayo, yabe isisho amagama ahlukene, ngenkathi ifunda amasha futhi ibiza izingane ngamagama eenkosi yazo.
Ukuzala amashumi amane
UMagpie uyinyoni yamawele. Kulezi zinyoni, kubhekwa njengesici ukuthi, lapho bekhetha umlingani, bakhombisa wonke umthwalo wemfanelo nokungathí sina. Izinyoni ezinjalo zakha ngababili ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwazo. Kepha ukukhula kokuqala kokumidana kwezinyoni kwenzeka kuphela ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, futhi entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo, lo mbhangqwana wakhe izidleke futhi unakekele amaphuphu.
Cishe ngo-Ephreli-ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, amaqanda ama-magpie abekwa inani lezingcezu ezi-8. Insikazi ifaka la maqanda kuphela. Ezinsukwini eziyi-18 ngemuva kwalokhu, kuzalwa amaphuphu. Kusukela kulowo mzuzu, ukunakekelwa kwezingane nayo yonke imithwalo yemfanelo kuthinta ngamunye wabazali.