IMarlin akuyona inhlanzi eyodwa ethize, kepha umndeni wezinhlanzi ezihlala emanzini ashisayo nawomqondo we-Atlantic, engxenyeni esentshonalanga.

Izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ze-marlin ama-marlin aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amakhulu kunawo wonke ama-marlin. Ubude bezinhlanzi zabantu abadala bungafinyelela kumamitha ama-3, nesisindo esingama-800 kg. Kukhona uhlobo olunjalo lwe-marlin njengemarlin emthende, isici sayo esihlukanisayo imivimbo eguqulayo emzimbeni wonke (ikhalori). Kunezinhlobo ezimnyama nezimhlophe ze-marlin. Izidumbu zalezi zinhlanzi zinombala ngokulandelana.

Bheka incazelo

Inhlanzi yaseMarlin ingummeleli oyinhloko womndeni wama-marlin. Izici ezihlukile zalo mhlali wasemanzini impumulo ende ne-dorsal hard. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanzi inomzimba othobekile ezinhlangothini, okukuvumela ukuba kuthuthuke isivinini kufika ku-100 km / h.

UMarlin uba nesivinini esikhulu ngesikhathi sokuzingela izinhlanzi ezincane, ngoba ungumphangi. Kunamaphakethi amancane emzimbeni wezinhlanzi, lapho afihla khona amaphiko awo ngesikhathi sokuzingela - cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi "uphunyuke" kuwo ngalesi sikhathi.

Isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abahlukahlukene siyahluka. Abesilisa bangaphila kuphela ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18, ngenkathi isikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kwabesifazane sinjalo Iminyaka engu-27. Isisindo sabantu besilisa nabesifazane futhi siyahlukahluka - esimweni sesibili, kucishe kube izikhathi ezi-2. Kuyajabulisa ukuthi marlins ahole indlela yokuphila enciphisiwe - Bangakwazi ukubutha emhlambini ngesikhathi sokuhluma kuphela.

Izici zangaphandle

I-Atlantic eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-marlin, aka "blue marlin", okusho ukuthi "dagger iDemo" ngesiGreek, ingeyokuhleleka komndeni we-perciform marlin, uhlobo lwenhlanzi ekhazimulayo.

Zonke izinhlobo zemarlin zinesakhiwo esifanayo somzimba - umehluko ubonakala ngombala kanye nokwakheka kwamawele. Okuvamile yilezi:

• umzimba owandisiwe kamuva
• umhlathi omude omise umkhonto, ongu-20% wobude bawo wonke umzimba,
• umsila we-crescent
• imali ephakeme
• imibala ekhangayo ekhangayo.

Izinsikazi zihlala zikhulu futhi zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 ubude nangu-500 kg ubukhulu, kanti owesilisa ukhula ngezikhathi eziphindwe kathathu, zinesisindo esingama-160-200 kg. Ngokusho kwemithombo engathembekile, intokazi enesisindo esingu-820 kg yabanjwa, kepha imininingwane ayizange irekhodwe ngokusemthethweni.

Kunamaphiko amabili ngemuva kwe-marlin, owokuqala unemisebe engama-39-43, owesibili unemisebe engu-6-7. Umhlane uvame ukuba mnyama ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemivimbo emnyama eshintshashintshashintshashintshashintshi, isisu nezinhlangothi kuyisiliva. Umbala uyashintsha ngokuya ngesimo senhlanzi, ngokomqondo, lapho bezingela, ingemuva lidwetshwa ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo, kuthi ekuphumuleni kwalo kube mnyama okwesibhakabhaka. Amaphiko anombala onsundu.

Phezu kobuso bonke bomzimba kukhona isikali esilinganayo. Emhlathini onjengomkhonto kunamazinyo amancane abukhali afana nefayela. Umkhonto uqina kakhulu, bekunezimo lapho umkhumbi wesikebhe uhlasela izikebhe futhi ugwaze isikhumba ngawo.

Izinhlobo nokwehluka kwazo

Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi, iMarlin inezinhlobonhlobo zayo, ehlukile kancane ngesimo esihle nomthunzi wezikali. Umgomo wokuzingela nokuphila ngendlela efanayo, nawo uyenzeka, nenyama yabo ifunwa ngokukhethekile ezindaweni zokudlela emazweni amaningi.

1. IMarlin emnyama iyisidondoshiya somndeni. Amaphiko abukeka emnyama awanciphisi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, owokuqala unqenqemeni lude lunemisebe ebukhali, owesibili uphansi futhi mncane ngosayizi. Umsila ubunjiwe ngotshwala, unamabamba amancanyana. Umbala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eduze nobumnyama, isisu yisiliva. Ubukhulu besiqhwaga sivumela ukuba sicwila kumakhilomitha amabili ngokushisa kwamadigri ayi-15.
2. Imarlin emigqa yehlukile ezihlotsheni zayo hhayi ngombala wayo othile, kodwa nosayizi wekhala layo. Inhlanzi ephakathi nendawo ifinyelela isisindo esingama-500 kg, inamaphiko anganyakazi nombala ohlukahlukene: ingemuva iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, igcwele imigqa yokukhanya okugqamile, iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esiswini sesiliva.
3. I-Blue marlin, noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inamandla okushintsha i-hue lapho izingela. Ngemuva ingemnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enemichilo eqondile, isisu siyisiliva, amaphiko amnyama, amade, avumelana nezimo, i-refuel egunjini elikhethekile emuva.

Zonke izinhlobo zingama-racers wangempela, ngenxa yesakhiwo esithile semizimba yazo zisheshe zithole ijubane futhi ziqonde kalula, uhlobo lokubhukuda luyafana noshaka.

Habitat

Ama-marlins ayizinhlanzi eyodwa futhi kuyaqabukela ahamba emhlambini wabantu abangaphezulu kuka-3-4. Bancamela ukuzingela ngaphezulu kwamanzi olwandle oluvulekile - izinhlanzi kanye ne-squid.

Indawo yokuhlala enkulu uLwandlekazi i-Atlantic, Amanzi ayo ashubisa umnkantsha futhi ashubile kude nogu, kepha abanye abantu bangabhukuda emanzini angajulile nasendaweni yeshelufu. Izinhlanzi ziyaqabukela zibhukuda emanzini anamazinga okushisa angaphansi kwama-23 degrees futhi lijule ngamamitha angama-50, kepha, ngokusho kwemithombo ethile, i-marlin ingacwila ngisho nokujula kwamamitha ayi-1800.

Ama-marlins ayizinhlanzi eyodwa futhi kuyaqabukela ehle emihlambini yabantu abangaphezu kuka-3-4

Ithatha kalula isivinini esingamakhilomitha ayi-100 / h, lokhu kusizwa ngumzimba oncishisiwe we-lateral kanye ne-dorsal fin ngendlela yomkhumbi, ofihlwe ekucindezelekeni okhethekile emuva.

Izingela ikakhulu ngesivinini esikhulu, zibhoboze izinhlanzi ngomkhonto - umhlathi ongenhla oloshintshiwe, uhlasela imikhumbi nama-yachts amancane ngenhloso yokuthakazelisa nokuzijabulisa.

Isisekelo sokudla

Ukuba yidlozi ngokwemvelo, inhlanzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-marlin ihlasela nge-mackerel, tuna, izinhlanzi ezindizayo, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ama-squid nama-cephalopods. Ibona isikole sezinhlanzi, isikebhe sesikebhe siyashesha futhi sihlasele, sibopha inyamazane edabukisayo emkhonto wayo noma igwinye endleleni. Amanzi awela emlonyeni ngesikhathi sokuzingela adlula emagemeni, enothisa umzimba ngo-oksijini futhi anikeze amandla angaphambili.

Isizini yokuluka iMackerel ithathwa njengomkhosi wangempela.Lapho-ke lezi zindawo zigcwala ngokoqobo nge-ray-fin kanye nezinye izinhlanzi ezidlayo.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

Isiqhwaga esikhulu se-Atlantic yinhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke zamathambo futhi cishe azinazitha, bambalwa abathusa ukuhlasela inhlanzi enamamitha ayi-2-5.
Inyama emnandi, ebaluleke, kanye nosayizi wamarekhodi, igqugquzela abadobi abaningi ukuba bafake engcupheni yokudoba, kepha ngemuva kwesithombe sokudutshulwa iningi leziqulela ezabanjwa ladedelwa olwandle. Kunamahlebezi amaningi nezinganekwane mayelana nenhlanzi enkulu, nazi ezinye zazo:

1. Ukulwa nemashi eyodwa kungahlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-30. Ngethemba lokuthi uzolikhumula igiya, inhlanzi izintanta ngejubane elikhulu noma iya ekujuleni kuze kube yilapho isiphelile noma idwenguliwe.
2. Kwatholakala phansi umhlathi obunjwe ngomkhonto ezansi kwesinye isikebhe sesikebhe, sagwaza ulwelwesi kanye nobubanzi obukhulu bezinkuni ze-oki. Leli qiniso libonisa amandla nejubane lomdlwenguli, kanye namandla omkhonto.
3. Eduze nolwandle lwasePeru, kwabanjwa isikebhe esinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-700.

IMerlin yinhlanzi enkulu yamathambo futhi cishe ayinazitha.

Imfuyo yaseMarlin, ehlukana ibe yimihlambi emincane, abantu abathile abathathwa njengabaneminyaka engu-2-4 ubudala bathathwa njengabakhulile ngokomzimba. Isikhathi sokukhwelwa siwela ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ngemuva kokukhulelwa, insikazi ikwazi ukubeka amaqanda afinyelela kwizigidi eziyi-7.

Amafutha amancanyana athwalekela njengamanje ukuya ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zoLwandlekazi lwe-Atlantic, abaningi bafa ngokuhlaselwa yinhlanzi enkulu.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Izinhlanzi zaseMarlin, njengomthetho, zithanda ukuhlala eduze kobuso bamanzi futhi kude nolwandle. Lapho ihamba, le nhlanzi ingakwazi ukubhukuda ngejubane elikhulu, ngenkathi ivama ukuphuma emanzini amamitha ambalwa ukuphakama. Uma uthatha izinhlanzi zesikebhe esihamba ngomkhumbi, zishesha kalula ngesivinini se-100 km / h, noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, abamele le nhlobo baphakathi kwezinhlanzi ezisheshayo ezihlala emhlabeni wethu.

IMarlin iyisidlakudla esivamile futhi ihola indlela yokuphila yodwa, inqoba amakhilomitha angama-75 phakathi nosuku. Abamele lo mndeni basengozini enkulu yokufuduka kwesizini. Ngalezi zikhathi, izinhlanzi zimboza izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. Ngokusho kocwaningo oluningi ochwepheshe, ukunyakaza okusekholini lamanzi ase-marlin kufana kakhulu nokuhamba koshaka.

Izinhlobo zaseMarlin

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamam marlin, isici esibonakalayo ukwakheka komzimba, iswout-like snout and a rigid dorsal fin. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zem marlin ziyahlukaniswa:

• I-Indo-Pacific Sailboat, emelela uhlobo lwe "Sailboats". Amatilosi asolwandle ahlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zemashi ngokubakhona kwe-dorsal yokuqala ende nede, okuyinto ekhumbuza kakhulu umkhumbi. Lokhu “kuhamba ngomkhumbi” kuqala ngqo engxenyeni yezemimoya futhi kudlule cishe emuva kwayo yonke inhlanzi. Umhlane ubonakala ngomnyama nge-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izinhlangothi zinombala ofanayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye zipendwe nsundu. Njengokujwayelekile, isisu simhlophe-ngesiliva. Ezinhlangothini zenhlanzi ungabona amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka osayizi abaphakathi. Ubude bentsha okungenani buba yimitha eyi-1, kuthi abantu abadala bakhule babe ngamamitha amathathu ubude futhi bathole isisindo esifinyelela ku-100 kg, noma ngaphezulu.
• Imnyama emnyama. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthengiswa, yize kungabanjwa amathani ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa kuphela ngonyaka. Lolu hlobo lukhona futhi kwezemidlalo nokudotshwa kwama-amateur. E-marlin emnyama, umzimba ophakeme, noma ungacindezelwe kakhulu emzimbeni, ombozwe ngezikali ezinokwethenjelwa. Awukho igebe elikhulu phakathi kwama-dorsal fins, kepha i-caudal fin ibunjiwe ngenyanga. Umbala wangemuva uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti izinhlangothi nesisu zimhlophe-ngesiliva. Emizimbeni yabantu abadala, azikho izindawo ezinobuntu, kanye nemivimbo. Abantu abadala bakhula babe ngamamitha acishe abe ngu-5, kube nesisindo somzimba esingamakhilogremu angama-750.
• I-West Atlantic noma i-Spearman Encane imelela uhlobo lwe "Spearmen". Umzimba wale nhlanzi unamandla impela, ubude futhi ucindezelwe ngokuqinile kusukela ezinhlangothini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unomkhonto omude futhi omncane, ozungeze isigaba sesiphambano. Amaphiko we-ventral mncane, ubude bawo buyefana noma bude, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphinifa we-pectoral, angabuye acashe ngokuxineka esiswini. Umbala wangemuva umnyama, une-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nombala wezinhlangothi umhlophe, ngokuba khona kwezindawo ezinsundu ezihlelwe ngokungahleliwe. Umbala wesisu umhlophe-kwesiliva. Ama-lancers amancane akhula afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5 ubude, kuyilapho isisindo sawo singeqi kuma-60 kg.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo, kukhona futhi ophethe umkhonto omfishane noma omfishane omfishane noma inhlanzi emikhonto emifushane, umgibeli womkhonto waseMedithera noma iMedithera yaseMedithera, ophethe umkhonto waseNingizimu Melika noma ophethe umkhonto waseNyakatho Afrika.

Kubandakanya i-Atlantic white-carriers noma i-Atlantic marlin emhlophe, iStriped strip-carriers noma i-striking marlin, i-Atlantic eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-marlin noma i-blue marlin, kanye nomkhumbi olwandle wase-Atlantic.

Izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo

Umndeni wama-marlin uhlanganisa ama-genera amathathu aphambili kanye nenqwaba yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihlukile ezimweni zokuphila. Izinhlanzi ezihamba ngomkhumbi zivame kakhulu emanzini oLwandle Olubomvu, lweMedithera nolwandle Olumnyama. Ngasikhathi sinye, zingena kuLwandle iMedithera zidlula eSuez Canal, emva kwalokho zibonakale kalula eLwandle Olumnyama.

Ama-marlins aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka athathwa njengabameleli bezindawo ezishisayo nezishisayo ze-Atlantic. Indawo yokuhlala yabo eyinhloko imelelwa yingxenye yayo yasentshonalanga. IMarlin emnyama ikhetha amanzi olwandlekazi lwePacific nolwaseNdiya akhiwe olwandle. Ikakhulu iningi lazo emanzini aseMpumalanga China kanye nakuma-Coral Seas.

Ama-Spearmen angawenhlanzi yasolwandle pelagic Oceanodromic ehola indlela ehlukile, yize kwesinye isikhathi akha amaqembu ambalwa, afaka izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obufanayo. Lolu hlobo luthanda amanzi avulekile, okujula okufika kumamitha angama-200 kanye nombuso wokushisa ongaba ngama-+26 degrees.

Ukudla kweMarlin

Zonke izinhlobo zemarlin ziyizidlakudla zakudala okudla kwazo kubandakanya ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ama-squid nama-crustaceans. Ngaphakathi kwamanzi aseMalaysia, isisekelo sokudla kwe-marlin yi-anchovies, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-mackerel wamahhashi, izinhlanzi ezindizayo kanye nama-squid.

Isisekelo sokudla kwezikebhe zesikebhe akuyona inhlanzi enkulu ehlala izingqimba zamanzi ezingenhla, kufaka phakathi ama-sardine, ama-anchovies, ama-mackerel nama-mackerel, kanye nama-crustaceans nama-cephalopods. I-Atlantic eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-marlin gry ithanda ukudla i-zooplankton, kanye ne-caviar kanye ne-larvae yezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene. Abantu abadala badla izinhlanzi kanye ne-squid. Ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali, inyamazane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibamba izinhlanzi ezincane zasogwini.

Abasubathi baseNtshonalanga Atlantic bazingela izinhlanzi nama-cephalopod ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingenhla, futhi ukudla kwabo kwehluka kakhulu. Enyakatho yeCaribbean, ukudla kwabo kufaka phakathi i-herring ne-Longfin yaseMedithera. Emanzini asentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi lwe-Atlantic, isisekelo sokudla ngulube olwandle lwe-Atlantic, ama-mackerel ama-ckehal kanye nama-cephalopod ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.

I-Spearmen, emelela ama-subtropics asenyakatho nethropiki ye-Atlantic, ikakhulukazi adla izinhlanzi nama-cephalopods. Kuze kube ngu-12 izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene ezitholakele esiswini sezimbotshana ezibanjiwe.

Ukulimala kokusebenzisa

Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani inyama ye-marlin ingalimaza umzimba womuntu. Okusemqoka kuzokwethulwa ngezansi:

• Ukutholakala kwezindlela ze-zebus. Ngenxa yokuphuma kwezimboni, izinhlanzi eziningi zasolwandle, kufaka phakathi i-marlin, ziqukethe i-mercury emizimbeni yazo. Futhi, njengoba wazi, ubuthi obunamandla obungabulala umuntu.
• UMarlin- i-allergen enamandla. Abantu bayo bangama-allergener aqinile futhi bangabangela ukusabela okunamandla kokungezwani kwabantu abaningi. Noma ukwelashwa okushisa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukususa wonke ama-antigen ezinhlanzini - izinto ezibangela ukusabela.
• Ukuba khona kwezinto ezinobuthi. Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zisendaweni yokuqala ohlwini lwemikhiqizo equkethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezinobuthi. Ukudla inyama yemarlin, umuntu ugijimisa ubungozi bokudla imfucuza evela ezilwaneni ezahlukahlukene nakwezinye izinto ezinobuthi.
• Amaphara. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi uma kudliwa izinhlanzi kunobungozi bokuthola izibungu. Bona, bayoba ngokungabonakali emzimbeni womuntu, bavuse iphango. Ngokudla ukudla okwengeziwe, umuntu akazondli yena kuphela, kepha nezidumbu ezisemzimbeni wakhe.
• Izifo eziyingozi. Enyameni yase-marlin, izifo ezingamagciwane eziyingozi zazivame ukutholakala ezingathinta kakhulu impilo yabantu.
• Kungenzeka ubuthi. Njengomthetho, abantu bafakwa ubuthi yizinhlanzi ebezithambekele ekuphatheni okungafanele, kwisitoreji esingalungile nasekuzilungiseleleni. Isibonelo, uma umuntu egcinwe emazingeni okushisa angalunganga (ngenhla kuka-18) noma elungiswe ngumpheki ngaphandle kwamagilavu.

Izindlela Zokupheka

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza i-marlin. Manje i-2 ethandwa kakhulu kuzo izocatshangelwa:

1. Inombolo yendlela 1. Okokuqala, udinga ukusika le fillet yezinhlanzi ibe yimifantu emincane, engaba ngu-2 cm. Ngokulandelayo, izinhlanzi kufanele zinosawoti bese ziyivumela ukuba ime cishe ihora. Ngemuva kwalokho, u-anyanisi nesweli kugawulwa kahle, kulandelwe ukuthosa epanini. Eduze kwabo kufakwa amanzi (izinkomishi ezi-3), ezisikiwe ngama-olive, ushizi no-ayisikhilimu. Isoso kufanele lishabalale cishe imizuzu emi-5, ngemuva kwalokho lingasuswa esitofini. Futhi ukuphela kwesinyathelo sokugcina ukukosiwe kwe-steaks ngokwayo. Ekuphetheni, udinga ukuwabeka epuletini, bese uthelela usoso olungiselelwe ngaphambili.
2. Indlela yenombolo 2. Le ndlela yokubizwa ibizwa ngokuthi yiHawaii. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlanzi ngeke zipheke. Ukuze upheke, udinga ukusika inhlanzi ibe yimifantu, bese uyixubanisa no-anyanisi kanye nopelepele. Bese kufakwa i-sesame, isosi soya, uwoyela, usawoti kanye noshukela ukuze kunambitheke.Ekugcineni, inhlanzi ifakwa esiqandisini cishe amahora angama-2, emva kwalokho ingakhishwa.