Inobukeka obuhle, ama-macropod ajwayelekile awahambisani nezinhlanzi zezinye izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi uma zincane noma zenziwe umsila onjenge -fishfish. Le nto uhlobo lwayo olunolaka, futhi uma udinga ukugcina i-macropod enezinye izinhlanzi e-aquarium efanayo, lapho-ke udinga ukuzithenga eneminyaka eyodwa noma izinyanga ezimbili, khona-ke zingahlala ndawonye, futhi ama-macropods ngeke athinte izinhlanzi ezincane. Igama lesibili inhlanzi zepharadesi.
IMacropod ejwayelekile
Izici zeMacropod
Okuwukuphela komakhelwane abasha abazobakhuthaza kusukela ebudaleni mhlawumbe yizinhlanzi ezinolaka, noma amanye ama-macropod. Kepha, yize bekukhona umlingisi, bazuze izimpi zezwe lethu ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyikhulu edlule, futhi kunezizathu zalokhu:
- Engazitholeli ekushiseni nasekungcoleni kwamanzi. Ama-Macropods angahlala emanzini anesilinganiso sokushisa esingu-8 kuye ku-38 degrees, kungahle kungabi kusha, aeration kanye nokuhlunga akudingeki,
- Usayizi we-aquarium ungaba mncane, ngisho nelitha-3 lingawususa,
- Ukungathembeki ekudleni.
Impela, ukusondela kwemingcele, kukhulu amathuba esifo sezinhlanzi, kanye nezimo ezifanele kubo - ama-20- 24 degrees. Akudingeki i-aerator, ngoba baphefumula womoya womoya womabili nomoya womkhathi, ama-macropod ayizinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth.
I-Bright Macropod
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi libuye lithinte ukuqina kombala - ukufudumala kwamanzi, ukukhanya, inkungu ethe xaxa, iselula futhi isebenza ngenhlanzi.
Izici zeMacropod vulgaris:
- Ubude bomzimba - kufika ku-10 cm,
- Umbala - oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngemivimbo ebomvu,
- Amaphiko akhonjwe, mude, umsila ugcwele,
- Isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-8.
I-Aquarium
I-Aquarium ingaba yinoma iluphi uhlobo, usayizi, kanye nodondolo. Vele, siqala izinhlanzi ukuhlobisa ifulethi, ngakho-ke sidinga zonke izitshalo, inhlabathi enhle nemihlobiso engaphezu kwenhlanzi.
I-aquarium enhle
Umthamo we-aquarium awubalulekile, kodwa ngesimo sokuthi abekho omakhelwane. Ukuze unciphise ulaka lwabesilisa, kunconywa ukuthi kugijime izinsikazi ezi-2, ne-aquarium enkulu ukuze ukwazi ukugijima nokucasha.
I-aquarium kumele imbozwe, kepha hhayi ngokuqinile! Ama-Macropods athande ukuphuma emanzini, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuqhekeka, ngaphandle kwesembozo azithola ngokushesha phansi.
Ungagijimisa neminenke ku-aquarium ukuze uhlanze izindonga, kanti nenhlanzi izolawula amanani ayo ngendlela yemvelo - ichitha okweqile. Azinandaba nezitshalo, ungazitshala. Uma inhlanzi idla, khona-ke okuncane, ngokukha amaqabunga.
Umsoco
Inhlanzi iyamangaza, kepha ikhetha ukudla okubukhoma. Kepha ungondla kanye namapuleti noma ukudla okugudlekayo okuvela esitolo sezilwane.
Ukudla kwezinhlanzi
Okunye okuphakelayo okwomile ngokuukhoma:
Bahlala belambile, bathambekele ebudloveni. Udinga ukondla okuncane, kabili ngosuku.
Ukuzala
Ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa, wonke ama-labyrinths, kufaka phakathi nenhlanzi yasepharadesi, akha isidleke samabhamuza. Owesilisa wenza umsebenzi wokwakha, ekhetha indawo ngaphansi kweshidi elikhulu lesitshalo esithile. Akunzima ukuthola le nkathi - umbala wesilisa uzogqama futhi ucebe kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi kufanele ibanjwe futhi idluliselwe kwelinye imbiza, ngenkathi idla kuphela ngokudla eqandisiwe noma bukhoma, ukuze kube khona inzalo eqinile nenempilo. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kuwo womabili amathangi lingaphakanyiswa kancane, ngamadigri angama-2-3.
Lapho isisu sowesifazane sikhula, kusho ukuthi ukulungele ukuqhakaza, futhi angatshalwa owesilisa. Kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili.
Izinkantolo zowesilisa
Ngokushesha lapho owesilisa eseyitholile, uzoqala ukujaha ukuqondisa insikazi esidlekeni, kodwa insikazi izofuna ukucasha. Kusukela ngaphandle kubukeka kahle futhi kuyesabeka. Ekugcineni, kukhombisa insikazi isidleke, owesilisa uzongena emzimbeni wakhe futhi aqale ukukhipha amaqanda. Ngokumangazayo, wonke amaqanda angazange awele esidlekeni, ayoqoqa emlonyeni wakhe awafafaze laphaya, kanyekanye akhulule ubisi. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi iphumula eceleni. Ngemuva kokuqoqa amaqanda, owesilisa uzophinde amnakekele, futhi konke kuzophinda kube yindilinga, lokhu kungaqhubeka amahora amaningi.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuqhuma ngokuphelele kungamaqanda angama-700. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo, owesimame kumele aboshwe.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2, kuzovela izibungu. Owesilisa uzosinakekela isidleke, futhi uma isibungu siwele emgqonyeni siqale ukucwila size sibheke phansi, khona-ke siyowubamba ngomlomo wasibuyisela emuva. Lokhu kuzoqhubeka izinsuku ezingama-5 kuze kube yilapho izibungu ziba nefry. Manje owesilisa naye kufanele aboshwe.
Fry, aze akhule, azokondla ama-ciliates, uthuli bukhoma, ama-rotifers. Ungakhohlwa ngomthetho - uma kunezinhlelo ze-aquarium ejwayelekile nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, bese udlulisela ama-macropod lapho eseneminyaka engu-fry.
Futhi khumbula - sinesibopho salabo abaye bathambisa!
Imininingwane ejwayelekile
I-Macropod, noma inhlanzi yasepharadesi (Macropodus opercularis) - omele ama-labyrinth omndeni wakwaMacropod. Igama lezinhlobo liqukethe amagama amabili esiGreek: "macro" - amakhulu no "suction" - umlenze. Igama elinjalo lanikezwa inhlanzi ngusomatekisi omkhulu kunabo bonke uKarl Linnaeus, owabona "umlenze" endaweni ephakeme ye-mac fin. Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth ukuba khona kwesitho esengeziwe sokuphefumula. Ngokubukeka, ifana ne-sac encane engena ngaphakathi emithanjeni yegazi, etholakala eduze kwama-gill. Isitho se-labyrinth sivumela izinhlanzi ukuba zisebenzise umoya osemkhathini ngokuphefumula, okubalulekile ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zemvelo yama-macro - izindawo ezimanzi zemifula, imisele, amasimu erayisi, lapho ukungabikho kokugeleza nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo kuholela ekunciphiseni kokugcotshwa komoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe emanzini.
Njengamanye ama-labyrinths, ama-macropod adinga ukugwinya umoya womkhathi ngezikhathi ezithile
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ama-macropods angenye yezinhlanzi ezinamandla kakhulu ze-maze. Njengezihlobo ezisondelene kakhulu - ama-cockerel amaSiamese - amaduna abantu abadala awahlangene ngokuphelele. Yize ezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium zivame ukungabi nentshisekelo.
AmaMacropod izinhlanzi ezihehayo kakhulu. Bahlakaniphile futhi banelukuluku lokwazi. Ukubuka indlela abaziphatha ngayo kuyintokozo.
Njengamanje, i-macropod ibhalwe ku-International Red Book, kepha njengohlobo lokungakhathalelwa kangako. Ukwehla kwezinombolo kuhlotshaniswa ngokuyinhloko nentuthuko eyenziwe ngumuntu wezindawo zemvelo zezinhlobo nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ukubukeka
AmaMacropod ayizinhlanzi ezinkulu ze-aquarium. Ubude bomzimba besilisa bungafinyelela ku-10 cm, abesifazane - cm cm 8. Umzimba uphakeme, uqinile. Ikhanda likhombe, ngamehlo amakhulu. Amaphiko angenamkhono (i-caudal, anal ne-dorsal) akhiwe kahle. Umsila ungafinyelela ku-3 cm ubude, okubonakalayo okwenza inhlanzi ibe nkulu ngokwengeziwe. Amaphinifa we-pectoral asobala, namaphiko we-ventral aguqulwa abe yimicu emincane futhi adlala indima yezitho zokuthinta, okwenza sikwazi ukuzulazula emanzini anezinkinga.
IMacropod. Ukubukeka
Umbala weMacropod ufanele ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. Umbala oyinhloko womnqumo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma umnqumo ogcwele kahle ngemivimbo eminingi ebomvu ehlukahlukene Amaphiko angaphekiwe abomvu ngombala obomvu, anebala elimhlophe emsileni. Eduze kwama-gill kukhona iso elinsundu elicwebezelayo elizungezwe indawo ebomvu. Sikhuluma ikakhulukazi ngabesilisa, abesifazane bapeyintwa ngesizotha kakhulu. Ukuqina kombala kuncike ekushiseni kwamanzi nasezingeni lethokozo lezinhlanzi. Abafuyi bathola ukuhlukahluka kombala okuningana, isibonelo, ama-albino, okuqukethwe kwawo akuhlukile kwifomati yasendulo.
Isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile siyiminyaka emi-5.
Indaba yokubukeka
Amakhophi okuqala alethwa ngo-1869 ngummeli waseFrance uSimon. Ngeshwa, ngaleso sikhathi akukho lutho olwaziwa ngesidingo sezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth ukuze zibambe umoya ebusweni bamanzi, ngakho-ke zathuthwa ngemigqomo enezindiza. Kwasinda izinhlanzi ezingama-22 kwezingu-100 kuphela. AmaMacropods alethwa kumshini wasolwandle waseFrance uPierre Carbonier, okwazile ngokushesha ukuzala izinhlanzi. Ngo-1876, ama-macropods eza eBerlin. Ngakho-ke kwabekwa isisekelo sokusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwalezinhlobo.
Image of Macropods, 1870
Habitat
IMacropod isabalele endaweni enkulu yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ingatholakala eningizimu yeChina, iVietnam, iLaos, iCambodia, neMalaysia. Le nhlanzi yethulwe ngempumelelo eJapan, Korea, e-USA naseziqhingini zaseMadagascar.
Isitembu ngesithombe se-macropod. IVietnam 1984
Izinhlanzi zithanda izidumbu zamanzi emi - emuva kwemifula emikhulu, amasimu erayisi, imisele yokunisela, amachibi, amachibi.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Ukuze kulondolozwe ama-macropods, udinga i-aquarium enomthamo wamalitha angama-40 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuzoba ngokwanele kowesilisa oyedwa nowesilisa. Izinhlanzi zingagxuma ziphume emanzini, ngakho-ke i-aquarium kufanele imbozwe. Ukugcina ama-macropods eyodwa kungumbono omubi. Ukusuka kulokhu, baba yindle futhi banolaka ngisho nangokwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ukuvula indawo endaweni ehlotshiswe kahle ikuvumela ukuba uthole ngisho namabili ambalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eqenjini kuphela lapho ukuziphatha okuthandekayo kuzozibonakalisa khona, futhi umbala wesilisa uzokhanya kahle. Kungcono ukugcina ukuhluka kombala okwehlukile ngokuhlukile ukuze ukuzalanisa kungonakali.
I-Macropod in a aquarium
Kungcono ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ngemithunzi emnyama, phezu kwayo izinhlanzi zibukeka zikhanya kakhulu. Ukuhlobisa okuhle kakhulu kuzoba yi-driftwood yemvelo kanye namathanga ezitshalo eziphilayo. Ngokukhula kuma-aquariums ngama-macropods, noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezidumile kufanelekile: i-wallisneria, i-hygrophils, i-ferns, i-Hornwort, i-mosses, i-echinodorus, njll. IMacropods nayo ilungele izitshalo ezintantayo: pistes, richchia. Benza ukukhanya okuvela kumalambu kunciphile, futhi kusiza ukulungisa isidleke sama-bubble abesilisa abakha ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi izitshalo ezintantayo azimbozi amanzi ngaphezu kwekhaphethi eqhubekayo: udinga indawo lapho izinhlanzi zingabamba khona enye ingxenye yomoya.
AmaMacropods akhetha ubuthi obukhulu bezitshalo
Ukuba khona kwesilawuli sokushisa kanye ne-compressor ku-aquarium kungakhethwa. Izinhlanzi zivumelaniswa kahle nokuphila emanzini apholile (ukusuka ku-15 ° C) nangokuqukethwe komoya ophefumulile (lokhu kusiza isitho esilebhu). Kuyinto efiselekayo ukufaka isihlungi, kuzovumela ukugcina indawo ekhululekile e-aquarium. Kepha ungazakhi zamanje ezinamandla, ama-macropod akhetha ukugeleza kwamanzi okuthule.
Amapharamitha wamanzi afanele wokuqukethwe yilezi: T = 15-26 ° C, pH = 6.0-8.0, GH = 6-20. Kuzoba wusizo olukhulu ukwengeza i-Tetra ToruMin, i-air conditioner ekhipha i-peat yemvelo, emanzini. Uzowanikeza amanzi i-tint brownish encane, eduze kwemvelo. Kanye ngesonto, kuyadingeka ukwenza ushintsho 1/3 lwamanzi asemanzini.
Ukuvumelana
Imininingwane yokuhambelana neMacropod ixubekile. Ungathola ukubuyekezwa ukuze inhlanzi ihlale ngokuphelele e-aquarium ejwayelekile futhi ingakhombisi intshisekelo komakhelwane bayo. Kepha kunephuzu eliphikisanayo lokubuka ukuthi i-macro pod idonsela ezinye izinhlanzi ezungeze i-aquarium, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zize zibulale kuze kufe. Lokhu okugcina, kunjalo, kuvame kakhulu futhi kuhlotshaniswa nezimpawu zenhlanzi ethile, noma ukwephulwa kwemibandela yokuboshwa - ukwakheka kobulili okukhethiwe ngokungafanele, izindawo zokukhosela ezimbalwa, inani elincane le-aquarium, njll.
Imvamisa, ama-macropods ahlangana kahle nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezolile, ezinjenge-gourami, ama-barbs, amadoda asenkemba, ama-anc, ama-synodontis, amakhorali, ama-iris, ama-mollies, njll.
Kepha i-scalar, discus, neon, isibonakude kungcono ukungabi nama-macropods. Njengomakhelwane, noma yiziphi izinhlanzi ezinamaphiko weveli ngeke zisebenze, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ama-macropod azilume. Mancane amathuba okusinda ku-fry, ozoba ukudla okubukhoma kwe-macropod.
Ukondla iMacropod
Ama-Macropod ayizinhlanzi ezihlasimulisayo, kodwa ngokwemvelo, okuthandwa kunikezwa ekudleni kwemvelaphi yezilwane. Ezitolo zokugcina zemvelo, zidla izinambuzane ezincane, izibungu, ukuthosa kwezinhlanzi kanye nezibungu.
Ezimweni zokugcinwa kwasekhaya kungcono ukuhlala ekudleni okwomile okusezingeni eliphakeme, ngoba kuzoba okuphelele nokunokulinganisela, futhi kuphephile, ngokungafani nokudla okuthandwa bukhoma nokufriziwe.
Inhlanzi izokujabulela ukudla ukudla okugcwele emhlabeni jikelele, isibonelo, iTetraMin. Abantu abadala ngeke benqabe imicwecwana. Kodwa ukuze ulondoloze umbala ocacile, kungcono ukondla ama-macropods ngama-feed aphezulu kwizithuthukisi zemibala yemvelo. Ungakhetha phakathi kwamaTetra Rubin flakes noma ama-TetraPro Colour chips. Umphumela uzabonakala ngemuva kwamaviki amabili wokuphakelwa okujwayelekile.
Ungakhohlwa ngokufakwa kwezakhi zomsoco ekudleni. Kulokhu, okuphakelayo okugxilwe ku-spirulina algae - i-TetraPro Algae, kufanelekile
Ungabhebhetheka izilwane zakho ezifuywayo ngokuphatha okuhlukile kusuka ekudleni okudumile ku-jelly enempilo - iTetra FreshDelica. Bayoba ngenye indlela engcono kakhulu yokudla nokudla okwenziwe yiqhwa. Ungakhetha ukunambitheka kwama-bloodworms, artemia, daphnia noma krill.
Ama-Macropods athambekele ekudla ngokweqile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwondla ngezingxenye ezincane, kepha kaningi. Zingasiza nasekulwiseni ama-flatworms kanye neminenke amancane ngokuwadla.
