Uhlobo - Lesi isilwane esincane esincanyana, esifana nekati zombili ngemikhuba nokubukeka. Yilandise ngomndeni wakwaWyverrov. Kukholelwa ukuthi lesi silwane ngesinye sezilwane zasendulo. Ngisho namaGreek namaMoors abaqala njengezilwane ezifuywayo zokubamba izinduku. Kepha senqubweni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, azikashintshi.
IGeneta inomzimba omncane kakhulu, ubude ifinyelela ku-60 cm. Inesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amabili. Imilenze emifushane nomsila omude we-fluffy. Ekuphakameni, isilwane cishe singama-20cm.
Isizungwana ngokwaso sincane, kepha kunalokho futhi sikude. Inezindlebe ezinkulu, ezibanzi ezinamathiphu amafushane. Amehlo, njengamehlo wekati, abafundi anciphile phakathi nosuku futhi baphenduka baba ngama-slits.
Njengoba i-geneta ingumhlaseli, inamazinyo abukhali kakhulu, inani labo lifinyelela kuma-40. Izikhafu zidonswa emaphashini futhi zincane ngosayizi. Amawashi amahlanu kuwo wonke ama-paws.
Uboya bezilwane bunobumnene kakhulu futhi bumnandi ekuthintweni. Ngayodwa, iminyene, ibushelelezi futhi imfushane. Umbala wayo uhlukile futhi kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zesilwane. Ukubona lo mehluko, buka nje isithombe zofuzo.
At isakhi sofuzo esivamile uboya bumsulwa okhanyayo, kancane kancane buba yi-beige. Ezinhlangothini kunemigqa yamabala amnyama, i-muzzle ngokwayo imnyama ngentambo ekhanyayo ngaphezu kwekhala nezindawo ezimbili ezincane eduze kwamehlo. Isihloko somhlathi simhlophe. Kunamasongo amhlophe ayisishiyagalombili emsileni, futhi ukuphela kwawo kumnyama.
I-Speta esetshenzisiwe futhi ngombala okhanyayo ngombala futhi onamabala ngombala, kepha isici esiyingqayizivele umucu omude (umgibeli) omnyama, ohamba ugudla wonke.
I-Speta esetshenzisiwe
At ama-tiger genetics umzimba uphuzi okhanyayo ngaphezulu, futhi umhlophe ngombala onsundu ngezansi, uphenduka ithoni empunga. Esitsheni, imivimbo ekhanyayo ihlangana neminye emnyama bese igcina ngombala omnyama opopeni.
I-Tiger Geneta
I-Ethiopian Geneta okhanya ngombala. Uboya bumhlophe baphuphutheke kancane emuva nasemuva ezinhlangothini, kanti isisu ngimpunga okhanyayo. Amabhendi amahlanu atholakale ngaphezulu kanti amabili eduze kwekhanda. Umsila ufana neminye. Izakhi zofuzo zinezwi elinjengekati, zizijabulisa kahle, futhi zisongela ngokusabisa.
Okubonakalisiwe yi-geneta yaseTopiya, ekhanya kunabo bonke abameleli
Izwe lezakhi zofuzo lithathwa njengeNyakatho Afrika nezintaba ze-Atlas. Manje isilwane sesizinze endaweni enkulu. Indawo abahlala kuyo ifaka iNhlonhlo yase-Arabia kanye ne-Europe. Lapho, zivame ukubonwa eSpain naseningizimu yeFrance.
Lezi zinyamazane zingahlala cishe noma kuphi lapho zingakuthola khona ukudla. Kodwa bakhetha le ndawo, ecebile emahlathini nasezihlahleni, eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi ahlanzekile.
Zingahlala kalula izimpande ezindaweni eziphakeme nasemathafeni. Lesi silwane esidukisayo, ngenxa yemilenze yaso emifushane, sinezinyoka ngejubane lenyoka phakathi kwamatshe notshani. Bathanda ukuhlala eduze nabantu lapho bahlasela khona izilwane ezifuywayo nezinyoni. Izakhi zofuzo azenzeki emahlathini nasezindaweni ezomile.
Character kanye nendlela yokuphila yokuphila
Uhlobo hhayi ezenhlalo isilwanekepha kwesinye isikhathi izinhlobo zoTopiya zihlala ngababili. Indawo umuntu wesilisa ahlala kuyo ayidluli kumakhilomitha amahlanu; uyimaka nge-musk yakhe. Iphila indlela yobusuku.
Isilwane sihlala emgodini wesihlahla, umgodi oshiyiwe noma phakathi kwamatshe, lapho silala khona phakathi nosuku, siboshwe ngebhola. Isilwane singakhasa sibe izimbobo ezincane kakhulu, into esemqoka ukuthi ikhanda ngokwalo liyakhasa lapho.
Lapho i-geneta izizwa isongelwa, iphakamisa ijazi lakhe ekugcineni bese iluma, iskena futhi ikhulule umfudumezo onoketshezi onephunga elimnandi. Ngale ndlela, ifana ne-skunk.
Esikhathini esithile ngeNkathi Ephakathi, izinhlobo zofuzo zaziyizilwane ezizithandayo, kepha amakati asheshe azibuyisela endaweni yazo. Yize noma manje e-Afrika zivame ukuthambekele ekubambeni amagundane namagundane. Basho ukuthi ngesikhashana nje angahlanza indlu yonke ebunzimeni.
EYurophu naseMelika, ufuzo lugcinwa njengesilwane esifuywayo. Isilwane kulula ukusilawula, senza ukuxhumana ngokushesha. Ingaphendula ngisho nesidlaliso sayo, ihambisane nomnikazi wayo bese iyazivumela ukuthi ichazwe futhi ihlatshwe.
Esimweni esizolile, esinekhaya, izakhi zofuzo azibhemi futhi zihlanzekile impela. Bahamba, njengamakati, baye kwitray ekhethekile. Abanikazi abaningi basusa izindwani zabo futhi bazihlanza ukuze bavikele bona nemizi yabo. Thenga genet Akunzima, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi silwane sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Umsoco
Ukuzingela ngofuzo kwenzeka kuphela emhlabeni. Uthula ngesineke aze adle inyamazane, adonse umsila nomzimba wakhe entanjeni, agxume ngokushesha, abambe isisulu ngentamo bese emgwaza.
Iphuma ebusuku, ibambe amagundane, izibankwa, izinyoni nezinambuzane ezinkulu. Ingajatshulelwa nayizilwane ezincane ezincelisayo, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwe-hare. Akuvamile ukuthi kudliwe inhlanzi noma i-carrion.
Ngokukhwela izihlahla ngobuhlakani, udla izithelo ezivuthiwe. Ukuhlala eduze komuntu, kuvame kakhulu ukuhlasela ama-coops enkukhu kanye namajuba. Izakhi zofuzo ezenziwe ekhaya zivame ukudla ukudla kwekati, izinkukhu nezithelo.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Isikhathi sokuphila se-genetics sincike ezimweni zokuphila. Endle, ihlala iminyaka engaphezulu kwe-10, futhi ekhaya ineminyaka engama-30. Zinezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo.
Lezi izingwe, amakhoboka, ama-caracals. AmaJakethi anezinyoka angaba yingozi kwizakhi zofuzo ezincane. Kepha izilwane zishesha kakhulu futhi ziyaguga, kunzima ukuzibamba.
Abantu bababhubhisa ngenxa yoboya benyama nenyama, kepha izakhi zofuzo azinanzuzo yokuthengisa. Imvamisa badutshulwa eduze kwepulazi lezinkukhu, lapho bavame ukuhlasela khona. Lona kanye inani lezilwane liningi futhi akubangeli ukukhathazeka ngenxa yokuqothulwa.
Esithombeni sezakhi sofuzo esinengalo
Ojenene bakha ngababili kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Kuhlala unyaka wonke, futhi kuya ngendawo yokuhlala iwa ezinyangeni ezahlukene. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka eminyakeni emibili. Owesilisa uyaphunga kusuka kowesifazane bese eya kuye. Inqubo yokubhanqa ngokwayo imfushane, ngokwesilinganiso imizuzu eyi-10, kepha isandulelo sithatha cishe amahora amabili.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-70. Ngaphambi kokuzala, insikazi yakhela isidleke kusuka otshanini obunzima. Futhi kuzalwa amawundlu. Inani labo kwilitha elilodwa ngu-3-4. Bazalwa bengaboni, bezwa futhi behamba-ze.
Izindlebe zabo zimi ngosuku lwabo lwe-10 futhi amehlo abo anqamuka. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala, bancelisa ibele, kepha sebevele bakwazi ukudla ukudla okuqinile. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-8, izakhi zofuzo ezincane zingavele ziphile ngokwazo, kepha zihlale kusayithi lomama. Ngonyaka owodwa, insikazi ingazala kabili.
Ukubukeka nokusatshalaliswa
Imizimba emide (kuze kube ngu-100 cm), umzimba kanye nezimo eziguquguqukayo ngokungajwayelekile zalezi zilwane zimbozwe ngezinwele ezimfushane, ezinama-coarse, umbala ubala, umsila ubushelelezi, kufinyelela ku-50 cm ubude, ezisekelweni zawo kukhona izindlala ezikhipha uketshezi olunephunga elibukhali - umask. Abamele lolu hlobo basabalalisa ikakhulukazi emahlathini asezindaweni nasehlathini lase-Afrika elishisayo. Izikhulu (IGenetta) hola ikakhulukazi impilo yasebusuku.
Habitat
IGeneta ejwayelekile (IGenetta genetta) kusakazeke kulo lonke elase-Afrika futhi, kwezinye izindawo, e-Asia Minor. Ezikhathini zasendulo, yethulwa eYurophu kwi-Phenula ye-Iberia nangaseningizimu yeFrance. Izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile zihlala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo lapho zingakuthola khona ukudla okufanele. Ngokuyisisekelo, bathanda ihlathi nezihlahla ezishibhile eduze namanzi. Zingatholakala futhi emasimini, emadwaleni amatshe, emathafeni (emathangeni otshani obude), ezintabeni (zombili ezingenalo izihlahla futhi zinamahlathi) endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1400 ukuya ku-3000. Kwesinye isikhathi angatholakala eduzane nemizana nomhlaba wokulima. Gwema izindawo ezinomswakama nezinomswakama.
Indlela yokuphila
Izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile - Izilwane zasebusuku ezisheshayo nezishisayo. Agijima ngokushesha, agxume kude (afinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude) futhi akhuphuka izihlahla ngokuphelele. Izihlonzi ziyakwazi ukuhamba kancane emagatsheni acwebezelayo, i-slide phakathi kwamatshe, futhi ziyazi nokubhukuda. Ziyizilwane eziqaphile kakhulu futhi ezinesabekayo, kunzima ukuhlangana nazo zombili phakathi nosuku, lapho ziphumule endaweni yokukhosela, nasebusuku. Amadwala amadwala, imisele yezilwane ezifuywayo, izimbobo nokunye okunjalo kungasebenza njengezindawo zokukhosela zasemini. Izilwane ziya ukuzingela ngemuva kokushona kwelanga. Izakhi zofuzo ezisaba zisukume ziluka kuboya zikhiphe uketshezi oluncane olunephunga lika musk. Ngokuyinhloko, imfihlo evezwa yizinduna zezitho zangasese isetshenziswa abesifazane ukuqamba indawo yabo.
Incazelo
Eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-2000 eyedlule, uHerodotus washo uhlobo oluthile olujwayelekile kumanothi akhe. AmaGrikhi namaMoors basebenzise lezi zilwane ukulwa namagundane.
Umbono waqala wachazwa nguCarl Linnaeus ngonyaka we-1758. Kukholelwa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zingenye yezindawo zasendulo kakhulu nezasendulo ezasinda kuze kube namuhla. Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-40-50 edlule, bashintshe kancane.
Ukubukeka: Izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile yizilwane ezincane ezibukeka njengekati. Imizimba yabo iyaphakeme, mincane. Ikhanda lincane, libanzi emuva. Isibalo sesinde, sakhonjwa. Izindlebe zezilwane zikhulu, zibanzi ngamathiphu oyindilinga. Amehlo makhulu, akhumbuza amehlo amakati - phakathi nosuku umfundi ethatha isimo segebe elingama mpo. Inani elijwayelekile lamazinyo angama-40.
Izindlala ze-anal zincane futhi zikhiqiza inani elincane kuphela lamanzi elinuka njenge-musk. Izikhafu zimfushane, zingadonswa uhhafu zingene emapads. Izinyawo zimfushane, emuva yinde kunangaphambili. Isibalo seminwe siyefana kuwo wonke ama-paws - 5.Intambo yezinwele imfishane, iminyene futhi iminyene. Ithambile futhi ibushelelezi ekuthinteni. Umsila mude futhi ubushelelezi. Ubude bawo bungaphansi kangaphansi kobude bomzimba (kanye nekhanda).
Abesifazane banezingono ezi-4, kanti abesilisa bane-baculum eyenziwe kahle (os penis).
Umbala: Umbala wejazi ophambili ungwevu okhanyayo, kwezinye izindawo nge-tint ephuzi noma e-brownish. Ngasemuva, izinhlangothi nezingxenye ezingenhla zezitho zihlelwe ngemigqa eqondile, kuthi emuva kwentamo kuqonde, amabala amnyama osayizi nokuma okuhlukahlukene. Umucu oqhubekayo, omfishane, omnyama welula eceleni kwegedhi. Isifuba nomphimbo zinombala olimpunga olukhanyayo, kanti isixhaxha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, simnyama. Umhlathi ophansi umnyama. Ngaphansi kwamehlo kukhona isichibi esimhlophe sezinwele, silandelwe umucu omnyama obanzi. Amaphara weVibrissa amhlophe. Isibuko se-Nasal brown-brown. Izimbambo zimnyama kunombala oyinhloko, ikakhulukazi imilenze yangemuva, kepha imilenze ayimpunga. Umbala womsila uqukethe izindandatho ezi-6,7 ezimnyama namhlophe ezilingana nobubanzi obufanayo. Isihloko somsila simnyama.
Usayizi: Ubude bomzimba bohlobo lwabadala bungamasentimitha angama-42-58. ubude bomsila buyi-39-53 cm.Ukuphakama kwamahlombe (ukuphakama) kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-17 cm.
Isisindo: Ayidluli kuma-2 kg (ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1-2 kg).
Iskhathi sempilo: Emvelweni ifinyelela eminyakeni engama-8-10, ekudingisweni - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15.
Vota: Ojenene benza imisindo efana namakati: lapho bejabule, bayabubula, lapho besongelwa, bayakhala, uma bezizwa behle, bayancipha.
Ukubhebhetheka
Indawo: I-geneta ejwayelekile yande kakhulu e-Afrika; itholakala naseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNhlonhlo yase-Arabia. Ezikhathini zasendulo, le nhlobo yayingeniswa ePeninsula yase-Iberia, ibe ukuphela kwezinhlobo zofuzo eYurophu. I-geneta ejwayelekile ingenye yezinhlobo ezintathu zomndeni we-civerora omelwe eYurophu.
Namuhla, kutholakala izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile kula mazwe alandelayo: ISpain, iFrance (isifunda eseningizimu), iPortugal, i-Algeria, iMorocco, iTunisia, iLibya, i-Egypt, iSudan, i-Eritrea, i-Djibouti, i-Ethiopia, iSomalia, iSouth Sudan, i-Oman, iSaudi Arabia, i-Yemen, ne-Uganda IKenya, iTanzania, iCentral African Republic, iChad, iCameroon, iNiger, iNigeria, iBenin, iGhana, iTogo, iCod de Ivoire, iMali, iBurkina Faso, iGambia, iGuinea, iSenegal, neMauritania, i-Angola, iBotswana, iNingizimu Afrika, iNamibia, ILesotho, iZambia, iZimbabwe, iMozambiki, iPalestine.
Umbuzo ngendawo yokuhlala yezakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile ePalestine unempikiswano phakathi kososayensi bezilwane.
Indawo yokuhlala: Izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile zihlala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo lapho zingakuthola khona ukudla okufanele. Ngokuyisisekelo, bathanda ihlathi nezihlahla ezishibhile eduze namanzi. Zingatholakala futhi emasimini, emadwaleni amatshe, emathafeni (emathangeni otshani obude), ezintabeni (zombili ezingenalo izihlahla futhi zinamahlathi) endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1400 ukuya ku-3000. Kwesinye isikhathi angatholakala eduzane nemizana nomhlaba wokulima. Gwema izindawo ezinomswakama nezinomswakama.
Ukuziphatha
Izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile ziyizilwane ezihamba ebusuku futhi ezishesha kakhulu. Agijima ngokushesha, agxume kude (afinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude) futhi akhuphuka izihlahla ngokuphelele. Bayakwazi ukuwela ngokudabukayo emagatsheni anameva, ngokuslayida phakathi kwamatshe, futhi bayazi nokubhukuda.
Izikhulu ziyizilwane ezesabekayo, kunzima ukuhlangana nazo zombili phakathi nosuku, lapho ziphumule endaweni yokukhosela, nasebusuku. Amadwala amadwala, imisele yezilwane ezifuywayo, izimbobo nokunye okunjalo kungasebenza njengezindawo zokukhosela zasemini. Izilwane ziya ukuzingela ngemuva kokushona kwelanga.
Izakhi zofuzo ezisaba zisukume ziluka kuboya zikhiphe uketshezi oluncane olunephunga lika musk. Ngokuyinhloko, imfihlo evezwa yizinduna zezitho zangasese isetshenziswa abesifazane ukuqamba indawo yabo.
Izilwane zalolu hlobo ziluhlaza kalula. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba amakati afuywe, abantu babesebenzisa izakhi zofuzo ukulwa namagundane. Lezi zilwane ziphendula ngesidlaliso sazo, zihambisane nomnikazi ngisho naphakathi nosuku, aziyeke zikhululwe.
Ukuziphatha kokudla: Izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile zizingela kuphela emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, athulelela phezulu inyamazane, athule umsila nomzimba wawo emgqeni owodwa, agxume abukhali, abambe inyoka ngentambo kanye nentambo. Bese beyidla masisha, kuyilapho uboya bezakhi bume buyehla, mhlawumbe ngenxa yenjabulo, futhi, mhlawumbe, ngokwesaba ukulahlekelwa yinyama yabo noma ngokumangala.
Isakhiwo senhlalo: Phila impilo yodwa. Indawo yendoda eyodwa icishe ibe ngu-5 km 2, okubandakanya izindawo eziningi zabesifazane.
Zingabonakala ngababili ngesikhathi sokuzala nasemaqenjini amancane (omama namathole), okungasiniki isizathu sokuhlukanisa izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile njengezilwane zenhlalo.
Izitha: Izikhulu zingaba yizisulu zeseva, ingwe, i-caracal kanye nezikhova ezinkulu. Ojoka, i-civet nezinyoka nazo ziyingozi kwabancane.
Inani lezomnotho
Izinzuzo zomuntu: Kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile zigcinwa emakhaya ngenhloso efanayo namakati. Ukube bekungengenxa yephunga le-musk, mhlawumbe ngabe beligcinelwe ukuqothulwa kwamagundane eYurophu, kepha kuze kube manje kule ngxenye yoMhlaba zigcinwa ikakhulu njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezihlukile.
Isikhumba sofuzo sisetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo yoboya, kudliwa inyama, izitho zisetshenziswa ngabantu bendawo ngezinhloso zokwelapha.
Ukulimaza kubantu: Izinduna zingawonakalisa amajuba kanye nezinkukhu, kodwa azikwenzi lokhu kakhulu.
Amandla Nokuvikeleka
Ubuningi: Ngokuvamile, inani lofuzo olujwayelekile likhulu impela. I-IUCN yabela le nhlobo isimo se-Least Concern (2008), njengoba izinhlobo zidlangile ezwekazini lase-Afrika, izindawo ezihlala kuzo zifaka izindawo ezivikelekile, kanti nezilwane zalolu hlobo zihlangana nezindawo ezihlukile, okungezelela amathuba azo okusinda. Ukuzingela izakhi zofuzo kusaqhubeka, kepha akubangeli ukulimala okukhulu kubantu. Kwezinye, ikakhulukazi izindawo zaseYurophu, izindawo, izakhi zofuzo zisongelwa ngokuchithwa kwendawo ngenxa yedolobha kanye nentuthuko yezokuvakasha.
Isimo Sokuqapha: Ukulandela okulandelayo IGenetta genetta isabelae kufakwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu Yomhlaba wonke. Kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, ikakhulukazi iMorocco, Algeria neTunisia, izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile zivikelwe ngumthetho kazwelonke. Azikho izindlela zokonga noma zokuzalela ezakhiwe.
Ukubhaliswa: Okwamanje, kukhona okumbalwa okuphathelene nohlobo lofuzo olujwayelekile, kusenezimpikiswano phakathi kososayensi bezilwane.
- G. g. i-balearica (Mallorca, i-Balearic Islands),
- G. g. i-granti (South West Arabia),
- G. g. isabelae (Spain),
- G. g. i-pyrenaica (I-Iberian Peninsula, France),
- G. g. i-terraesanctae (Palestine),
- G. g. i-senegalensis (Spain).
Ubudlelwano Bemindeni Nezilwane zasendle
IGenetta (lat.Genetta) - izilwane ezincelisayo, uhlobo lwe-geneta luqhamuka emndenini omkhulu we-viverra (lat. Viverridae).Ososayensi bathi lesi sidalwa sihle kakhulu ngokuhleleka kwezilwane ezizingelayo.
Ukuhamba uzungeze umhlaba, lesi silwanyana esincane esihle ngokumangalisayo kubonakala singenzeka ukuhlangana emakhoneni amaningi omhlaba. Uhla oluphambili lwendawo yokuhlala yalo lubhekwa njengezindawo zase-Afrika ezishisayo, ikakhulukazi amazwe anjengeTopiya, iCongo, iNamibia, iNigeria, iGabon, iKenya, neMozambiki, iSudan, i-Uganda, iZimbabwe, ne-Equatorial Guinea, neGhana, ngaphandle kwehlane laseSahara. Uhlala eMiddle East naseNingizimu-ntshonalanga Yurophu.
Izici zokuziphatha kofuzo endaweni yemvelo
Njengoba i-geneta ebomvu enobala iyisidalwa esisisulu emvelweni, khona-ke, njengezihlobo zayo eziningi, kuholela ikakhulukazi empilweni yobusuku noma kusihlwa. Esikhathini sasemini, lesi silwanyana esinomusa sithanda ukuphumula futhi silale ekhoneni elithile eliseceleni, kungaba ngamatshe acwebezelayo amatshe, izimbobo zabanye abantu noma izihlahla eziyize. Lapho ubumnyama buqala bopha umhlaba, i-geneta iyahamba iyofuna ukudla. Izinyamazane ezinonya kakhulu zingamona ubuhlakani, ukunakwa nokushesha kwenqubo yokuzingela, lesi silwane esithandekayo uma uqala ukubheka.
Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kokudla, lesi silwanyana esimangazayo siziveza ngendlela enhle kakhulu. Umzimba wakhe ovumelana nezimo uvumela ukunyakaza okungahambisani nomusa lapho ufuna inyamazane, ulalele ngokucophelela noma yikuphi ukugqwala futhi utadishe wonke amaphunga. Uma i-geneta isola ukuthi ngisho nesilwane esincane kunazo zonke siqhamuke eduze kwakhe, ihlasela ngaphandle kokucabanga, igxume ngomusa, futhi ibambe inyamazane ngomzimba wayo wonke omuhle, kuyilapho kungokwemvelo ukuthi yenze ugogo. Lapho lokhu kuphumelela okunekhanda elibomvu kukhuphuka amatshe noma amagatsha ezihlahla, umzimba wakhe ufana nse nomugqa owodwa oqondile, futhi ngokunyakaza ngakunye okulandelanayo, kungacatshangwa ukuthi umzimba wakhe wakhiwa izinkulungwane zamajoyina namakhulu emisipha, ngakho-ke ngekhono ungumnikazi.
Ngokuqondene nokudla, naphezu kwako konke ukuziqhenya kwakho nokuphakama, akubeki izidingo ezikhethekile. Akazideleli izinduku, izidalwa ezincane, izinyoni namaqanda awo, kwesinye isikhathi angathokozela nezithelo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngesizathu sokuthi kubonwe ngofuzo okubonakalayo kuvame ukukhetha indawo yokuhlala eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala abantu, abalimi bezinkukhu banobunzima. Ebusuku, bavame ukuhlasela ezolimo, bachitha izinkukhu, kulokhu, ezweni lakubo, kubhekwa njengendlala. Yize, njengoba eminye imithombo isho, ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babethambisa izakhi zofuzo ukusindisa impahla yabo kusuka kumagundwe ahlukahlukene.
Lesi silwane esihle kakhulu sifana nekati ezifuywayo - bobabili banamahloni kakhulu. Ngokukhululwa ngakunye kwama-hormone okucindezela kukabili ikati nofuzo, ukuvuvukala kwezinwele, nezindlala zezinso ziqala ukuqinisa ukucasulwa ngephunga elithile le-musky.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sidalwa silalela kakhulu, sincane futhi siqaphile, izingozi ezahlukahlukene nazo azidluleli. Emvelweni ovulekile, lesi sidalwa esinemininingwane yangaphandle emangalisayo asinazo izitha ezimbalwa, phakathi kwazo kunezilwane ezinkulu eziyingozi zomndeni wekati, izinyoni ezinkulu zezinyamazane, izinja zasendle nezasekhaya, kanye nezinyoka.
Kepha kunenye inkinga enkulu eyandisa impilo yofuzo oluncane oluhle - le ndoda. Ngesizathu sokuthi lendoda enobuqili ihlasela inkukhu yasemakhaya ihlala ngokuhlangana okuthandekayo, abantu bavame ukubamba futhi babulale izinambuzane ezinhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emazweni endabuko yalesi silwane esincane, abantu bendawo badla ngokungagcini nje ngokuvikela izinto zabo, kodwa futhi nangenxa yokukhishwa kwenyama noboya obuhle, lapho okuzobe kuthungwa khona into yasekuqaleni yekhabethe.
Ukuqhubeka kohlobo lwesakhi sofuzo esibomvu
Ngokwemvelo yayo, lesi silwane esinamabala siyisidalwa esingadingi ukuba nenkampani futhi sizizwa sinesizungu impela. Abesilisa nabesilisa balolu hlobo baqala ukubakhona kuphela esikhathini sokuzala kabusha inzalo.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe laba bameleli abangajwayelekile bezilwane zomhlaba kwenzeka cishe kabili ngonyaka, isikhathi esihle kakhulu kulokhu isikhathi sentwasahlobo noma ihlobo. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa engxenyeni yesifazane yezitho zofuzo cishe singamaviki ayi-10-12, ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, sisuka kwengane eyodwa kuya kwezine eziyizithulu nezingaboni. Ngemuva kwesonto, kuvela amahlebezi kosanda kuzalwa bese amehlo evulekile. Owesifazane uzenzela eyakhe "ihholo lokuzalwa" ngokwakhe kusuka otshanini obomile obomile.
Umama onobuhle obonwe udla amazinyane akhe ngobisi lwebele izinyanga ezingama-5-6, kancane kancane eqala ukujwayela ukudla kwabantu abadala. AmaMalta ahlala esidlekeni sawo sabazali kuze kube unyaka owodwa, futhi lapho efinyelela iminyaka emi-2 iba mdala ngokuphelele futhi ezimele futhi nonina ebavumela ukuba bakhululeke ngokuphelele.
Uma ubheka isithombe sohlobo lwezinyo elinezinwele ezibomvu, umuntu uthola umbono wokuthi lesi silwane esihle kakhulu, esize kithi sivela e-Afrika, sidinga izimo zokuhlala zasebukhosini nokuthi umuntu ojwayelekile akakwazi ukwanelisa zonke izidingo nezinsimbi zalesi silo esihle. Mhlawumbe iziphetho ezinjengalezi ziziveza ngenxa yangaphandle enhle engajwayelekile noma ngenxa yokucabanga okujwayelekile ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo ezihlukile zizodinga ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa.
Kepha uma uletha isidalwa esihle kangaka ekhaya lakho, ngokungangabazeki uyokumangala. Ukunakekela izilwane ezincelisayo ezinamagquma ngokuvamile kuqukethe imithetho emibili eyisisekelo - ukondleka okufanele nokujwayelekile nokuhlanzwa kwansuku zonke kwemikhiqizo yayo yokungcola.
- Isikhala somuntu. Ngokwemvelo nokuziphatha kwabo, izakhi zofuzo ezinamabala zifana kakhulu kuwo wonke amakati wazo awathandayo asekhaya. Ukuzigcina efulethini ledolobha, bazozizwa bekhululekile impela ekuhambeni endaweni ohlala kuyo. Bangaphumula kusofa eliseceleni komnikazi wabo nasendlini ethambile ethambile yamakati athengwe esitolo sezilwane (kuphela ubukhulu bokubamba kwakhe kufanele kube kukhulu kunekati elijwayelekile). Uma uthuthela ezweni ehlobo futhi ufuna ukuthatha umngani wakho wase-Afrika nawe, inkampani enhle kakhulu kuzoba indawo yezindiza ebekwe endaweni yesiza sakho sengadi. Vele, lesi silwane sokuqala kufanele sikhishwe ekuhambeni ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze sikwazi ukuhambahamba nokuxhamazela ezindaweni ezivulekile, ngoba noma ngabe sigcotshwe kanjani futhi sifakwa ekhaya, inkululeko yothando ibekwa ezingeni lofuzo. Emzini wakhe, kufanele ufake isethi yakhe yempahla, ozoyigcwalisa nsuku zonke ngezinto ezinhle, kanye nesitsha esinamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile. Futhi, emkhakheni wamamitha ayisikwele wesilwane esithandekayo, kuyadingeka ukwakha indawo yokuzijabulisa ethambile nenethezekile.
Izinqubo zokuhlanzeka. Lesi silwane sobuhle obungenasici sihlanzekile impela ngokwemvelo, i-geneta inakekela ngokucophelela izinwele zayo zikanokusho, ihlanganiswe futhi ihlanzwa nsuku zonke. Uma isilwane sisesimweni esihle, ungamsiza futhi ukuba anakekele umzimba wakhe, kunezikhathi lapho lo mmeleli olindelekile wezwe elikhulu lesilwane, azivumela yena ukuba abambe, ngenkathi ekhipha i-purr ejabulisayo negculisayo. Kepha uma kwenzeka isilwane sakho namuhla sikhuphuka “ngonyawo olubi”, kungatuswa ukuthi kwephule indawo yakhe yokunethezeka, ngeke kuphele ngokuthile okuhle, ngaphandle nje kokwenza ulaka lomngane wakho we-furry. Ngenxa yesidingo semvelo, i-geneta ebomvu ebomvu, noma isesimweni esivulekile, isetshenziselwa ukuya endaweni efanayo, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ungathenga ngokuphephile ugqoko wekati. Akunzima ukumjwayela ithoyizi, ubuchwepheshe bufana nobukithi, futhi ezimweni eziningi umphumela uzophumelela. I-tray idinga ukuhlanzwa njalo, ngoba lokhu kuhlanza kungala ukusebenzisa ithoyilethi elingcolile, khona-ke kungokwemvelo kuye ukuthi alahle imikhuba yakhe futhi anciphise isidingo sakhe kunoma iyiphi indawo evumelana nalokhu. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungayithanda.
Umsoco. Ukudla kwalobu buhle obunomusa kufanele kuhluka futhi kulinganiswe. Njengesitsha esikhulu, izakhi zofuzo ezinamabala nakanjani zithanda ukudla kwekati okujwayelekile okuthengwa esitolo sezilwane. Wena wedwa awukwazi ukukwenza wedwa. Indawo yakho yokulala yase-Afrika nayo kufanele yondliwe inyama enamafutha amancane, inkukhu, iturkey, unogwaja muhle, ungayipha inyama yenkomo. Futhi, akufanele ukhohlwe ngenhlanzi, iqukethe amavithamini amaningi kanye namaminerali adingekayo ekuthuthukisweni okuhle nasempilweni enhle yomngane wakho. Akunandaba, lesi silwane esincane ngeke sinikeze izithelo ezahlukahlukene, ungasinikeza ngesimo esomile. Futhi futhi nemikhiqizo ebukhoma, efana namagundane, uma kunethuba elinjalo - ungabakhiphi kwimenyu yayo. Kuzoba kuhle ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile unikeze izakhi zamavithamini eziwusizo ze-geneta.
Ukuthengwa nentengo yofuzo olunabala obomvu
Namuhla, lezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo ziya ngokuya zithandwa kakhulu futhi zifunwa eRussia, ngakho-ke akubonakali kunzima ukuzithenga. Ngokwesilinganiso, inani ngentengo ngayinye lisukela kuma-70,000 kuya kuma-ruble ayi-130,000.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-genet enobala obomvu, bheka ividiyo:
Izici zesilwane, izinhlobo
Kukholakala ukuthi lesi silwane ngesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezindala. Ngisho naseGrisi yasendulo zazigcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo futhi zazisetshenziselwa ukulwa namagundane. Kodwa-ke, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo akuzange kubathinte nganoma iyiphi indlela. Isakhiwo somzimba wesilwane sihambisana kakhulu, sifinyelela kubude obufika kuma-60 cm. Ukuphakama kwabuna kufinyelela ku-20 cm.
Isisindo saso singeqi i-2 kg. Imilenze incane, umsila ungafika ku-60 cm ubude futhi uqine kakhulu. Umnyakazo we-geneta mncane, kepha mude futhi unciphise. Izindlebe ezinkulu zitholakala kuso. Izinso zamehlo zinciphile ngesikhathi sasemini futhi zakha imicikilisho efana naleyo yamakati.
Njengoba isakhi sofuzo siyisidlakudla, sinesethi yamazinyo abukhali e-razor, onke - izingcezu ezingama-40 Amacele, njengamakati, angadonswa esikhamweni futhi, empeleni, awekho amakhulu. Iminwe emihlanu isendaweni yesilwane. Lokhu kuyasebenza nasezindalini nasemuva. Ukwakheka koboya kuthambile futhi kumnandi lapho kuthintwa. Umbala wezilwane uncike ekubhalweni kwawo futhi uhlukile kancane. Lo mehluko ubonakala ngokucacile lapho uhlolwa eduze.
- IGeneta vulgaris inoboya obukhanyayo obukhanyayo, obuguquka kahle baba yi-beige. Ezinhlangothini kukhona amachashaza amnyama amachashazi amnyama, i-muzzle imnyama ngentambo ekhanyayo ebekwe ngaphezulu kwempumulo namabala amancane asondele esweni. Isipikili esicansini simhlophe. Umsila umbozwe izindandatho eziyisishiyagalombili ezimhlophe, ithiphu elimnyama.
- I-geneta enezinwele ingimpunga ekhanyayo ngombala futhi inombala obonakalayo, kepha ihlukaniswa umucu omfishane omnyama ogijima udoti lonke.
- Uhlobo lwenyosi luhlukaniswa ngombala ophuzi okhanyayo phezulu ngemuva, ojika kancane ube mpunga. Umsila unemivimbo ekhanyayo, ihlangana nemnyama futhi igcina ngompipi omnyama ngokuphelele.
- Umbala okhanya kunayo yonke ufuzo lwase-Ethiopia. Ngemuva nangezinhlangothi zesilwane kucwazimula kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kphuzi, isisu simpunga. Kukhona imizila emihlanu ngemuva, neminye emibili esifundeni se-occipital. Umsila awufani nomsila wezihlobo.
Habitat
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo izakhi zofuzo yi-Afrika, ugu lwayo olusenyakatho. Okwamanje, lesi silwane sisabalale amabanga amakhulu impela. Indawo abahlala kuyo ifaka ezifundeni zaseNhlonhlo YaseArabia nengxenye eseningizimu yeYurophu. Kaningi ziyabonakala eFrance naseSpain.
Bahlala nomaphi lapho kukhona ukudla okufanele kubo. Kodwa ukuthandwa kunikezwa endaweni enamahlathi, hhayi kude nemizimba yamanzi angenamanzi. Kodwa-ke, athatha kalula izimpande ezintabeni nasemathafeni. Lesi isilwane esihlakaniphe kakhulu, okuthi, ngokusebenzisa imilenze emifushane, sisakazeke ngaphezu kwenhlabathi phakathi kwamatshe namagatsha ngejubane le-lizard. Uthanda ukuhlala eduze kwabantu lapho enganqikazi ukudla khona izinkukhu.
Isikhathi sokuphila, izitha
Isilwane asinazo izitha eziningi zemvelo. Ngokuyinhloko, lezi zidla zekati ezinkulu, izinyoni, izinyoka, izinja zasendle. Kodwa-ke, izakhi zofuzo ziyizilwane ezisheshayo, futhi ukubamba nokuzibamba endle akulula.
Ukubhujiswa kofuzo ngabantu kungenxa yenyama noboya obumnandi, noma kunjalo, hhayi ezingeni lokuhweba. Akujwayelekile ukuthi badutshulwe nje eduze kwezindlu bayomisa lapho behlasela khona. Inani labantu be-geneta liningi impela futhi ingozi yokuqothulwa kwesilwane ayikho. Ngokuya kwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature, le nhlobo ihlukaniswa ngokuthi "yimbi kakhulu".
Umbala geneti
Umbala wejazi ophambili we-geneta ejwayelekile ngmpunga ekhanyayo. Kwezinye izindawo kune-tint brownish noma ephuzi. Izindawo ezimnyama ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobukhulu zitholakala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamalungu, ezinhlangothini, emuva kwentamo nasemhlane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngasemuva kwentamo ahlelwe ngemigqa eqonde mpo, nasezinhlangothini, emuva nangezingxenye ezingenhla zezitho - okuvundekile. Umucu wesibabule oqhubekayo wobubanzi obuncane welula eduze komgogodla. Umphimbo nesifuba kunomthunzi olula, kuyilapho isiqu somzimba singumbala omnyama onsundu. Imihlathi engezansi ipendwe imnyama ngokuphelele. Indawo yezinwele ngaphansi kwamehlo inombala omhlophe ngokuphelele, kuthi ngemuva kokuluka umucu omnyama obanzi. Amapads lapho ama-vibrissae akhiwe khona amhlophe. Isibuko sekhala simnyama-nsundu. Izitho zinombala omnyama ukwedlula wonke umzimba. Imilenze yesandla somnyama imnyama ikakhulukazi, kepha imilenze ayimpunga. Umsila uhlotshiswe ngamasongo ayisithupha kuya kwayisikhombisa amnyama namhlophe, acishe afane ngobubanzi. Isihloko somsila simnyama.
Isakhiwo senhlalo
IGeneta iphila impilo yodwa. Owesilisa ngamunye unendawo enamakhilomitha-skwele amahlanu, okubandakanya izindawo eziningi zabesifazane.
Ngambili, uhlobo lungavela esikhathini sokuzalela, kepha kaningi ungathola iqembu lezilwane. Njengoba ihlala ingumama enamawundlu, lokhu akuniki sizathu sokuhlukanisa uhlobo lwezilwane phakathi kwezilwane zenhlalo.
Izinhlobo zokuzala
I-geneta ejwayelekile ikhiqiza amawundlu amabili kuya kwezine, izithulu nezimpumputhe. Ngosuku lwesihlanu noma lweshumi nesishiyagalombili lokuphila, amehlo amawundlu aqala ukuvula, futhi izindlebe kancane kancane ziba nesikhundla esiqondile. Abancane bazonikezwa ubisi lwebele izinyanga eziningana, yize bedla ukudla okuqinile, banezindlela zokudla emasontweni ambalwa nje bezelwe. Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kuya kweyisishiyagalombili, inzalo isivele ikwazi ukuzimela.
Isilinganiso sabantu beGeneta nokuvikelwa kwayo
Ngokuvamile, kungaphawulwa ukuthi inani le-geneta ejwayelekile likhulu impela. Njengamanje, isimo sale zinhlobo sakhiwe ngokuthi "sibangela ukukhathazeka okuncane" (ngokusho kwedatha ka-2008). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwande kakhulu e-Afrika. Izindawo zokuhlala zezilwane zifaka izindawo ezivikelwe, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zofuzo zivumelaniswa kahle nezimo zokuphila ezahlukahlukene, ezikhulisa kakhulu amandla abo okusinda nomthelela we-anthropogenic. Futhi yize uhlobo lwayo lusazingelwa, alulethi ububi kubantu. Kodwa-ke, emazweni amaningi, amelelwa ikakhulukazi amazwe aseYurophu, izinhlobo zofuzo zisongelwa ukwehla kwabantu bendawo. Lokhu kungenxa yokubhujiswa kwanoma iyiphi enye indawo efanelekile noma engafanele. Isizathu salokhu ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha nokukhula kwabantu emadolobheni.
Izinhlobo ezingaphansi
Njengamanje, ososayensi bezilwane bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbalwa zalesi silwane. Kodwa-ke, izingxabano ngalokhu phakathi kososayensi namanje azikahambi.
- IGenetta genetta senegalensis (Spain),
- IGenetta genetta terraesanctae (Palestine),
- IGenetta genetta pyrenaica (iFrance, i-Iberian peninsula),
- IGenetta genetta isabelae (Spain),
- IGenetta genetta granti (South West Arabia),
- IGenetta genetta balearica (i-Balearic Islands, Mallorca).
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