Ukuchazwa kwenyoni

Isithombe seWoodcock

IWoodcock iyi-sandpiper enkulu enomzimba oqinile nomlomo omude oqondile. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni buqhamuka ku-33 kuye ku-38 cm, amaphiko abe ngu-55-65 cm, isisindo sisukela ku-210 kuya ku-460 g. I-plumage igcwele umbala ogqamile ngombala obomvu, onemibala emnyama, grey noma ebomvu ngaphezulu. I-tummy ilula, ukhilimu noma iphuzi-grey, ihlotshiswe ngemicu emnyama eshintshashintshi. Lo mbala uluhlobo lokufihla inyoni phakathi kwamahlamvu ngonyaka owedlule. Uqhwaku lweWoodcock luqondile, luyisilinda, lufika ku-7 cm cm ubude. Amehlo aphezulu, futhi ukubuka okuyindilinga kwale nyoni kungu-360 °. Umugqa onsundu omnyama ugijima phakathi kwesisekelo soqhwaku namehlo. Ekhanda, ukukhanya okukodwa kanye nemicu emide yobude obude kuyabonakala futhi kusuka ngaphezulu. Izimpiko zibanzi, zimfushane, indiza ifana nesikhova. I-dimorphism yezocansi ayiyona into yabo, futhi ezinyoni ezincane iphethini yamaphiko ihluke kancane nje.

Okudingayo

Ama-Woodcocks ngokuvamile adla ama-Earthworms, ngakho-ke izinyoni zidinga indawo enesendlalelo esihle se-humus enhlabathini yazo ukuze ziphile. Ukhuni lubandakanya nezinambuzane nezibungu zazo (amabhungane, amashiya, imichilo), izicabucabu kanye namasaha ekudleni kwazo. Kungadla futhi nokudla okusekwe ezitshalweni: imbewu yama-oats, ummbila, izitshalo ezahlukahlukene, amahlumela otshani, amajikijolo. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, ama-bivalves nama-crustaceans aba inyamazane yezinkuni.

I-Woodcock imvamisa iya ekuvuneni kusihlwa noma ebusuku, iya edwaleni noma osebeni lwesixhapho esiseduze kwehlathi. Ukuze ithole isibungu noma isibungu, inyoni igobhoza uqhwaku lwayo ngqo enhlabathini. Izinzwa ezifika ekugcineni kwaso zithwebula ukunyakaza komhlaba futhi zisize ukhuni ukuthola ukudla.

Ukusakazeka kwezinyoni

Indawo yokuhlala yaseWoodcock ihlathi lesifunda nehlathi lase-Eurasia, kusuka ezintabeni zasePyrenees entshonalanga kuze kufike ogwini lwePacific empumalanga. Ngaphezu kwelizwe, le nyoni isatshalaliswa eCanary, Azores naseBritish Isles, esiqhingini saseMadeira, eJapan.

Inyoni efudukayo noma cha

Iningi labantu abasebenza ngokhuni bayathutha. Ubusika baseWoodcocks entshonalanga naseningizimu yeYurophu, enyakatho ye-Afrika, e-Iran, e-Afghanistan, eNdiya, eCeylon nasemazweni ase-Indochina. Yizinyoni kuphela ezihlala eziqhingini ezise-Atlantic Ocean nasemazweni asogwini aseNtshonalanga Yurophu ezihlala phansi.

Ukufuduka kwe-Autumn kwenzeka ngesikhathi se-frost yokuqala futhi kwenzeka ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuze kube nguNovemba. Ngaphambi kokufuduka, kuqhuma “isimilo” esiqhamukayo lapho kuvela izingodo ezindaweni lapho bezingakaze zivuthwe khona ngaphambili. Ukufuduka kwentwasahlobo kwenzeka ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Ekupheleni kukaMashi noma maphakathi noMeyi, izinyoni ezindiza ezindaweni zazo ezidlekayo. Iningi lezinyoni libuyela ezindaweni lapho lazalelwa khona.

I-Woodcocks isidleke emahlathini acinene noma ahlanganisiwe, lapho inhlabathi inomswakama futhi kukhona indawo eminyene yama-raspberry, hazel, holly holly, cliff, blueberries, ferns. Kude kude nezindawo ezidlekayo kufanele kube khona ichibi elincane elinamanzi asogwini, lapho izinyoni zifuna khona ukudla, nemiphetho eyomile yokuzijabulisa.

I-American Woodcock (encane ye-Scolopax)

Le nyoni inomzimba oyindilinga, imilenze emifushane, inhloko enkulu eyindilinga, noqhwaku olude oluqondile. Ubude bomzimba kusuka ku-25 kuya ku-30 ​​cm, isisindo sabantu abadala i-140-230 g. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa.

I-plumage inemibala, ihlanganisa nsundu, grey no mnyama. Ebeleni nasezinhlangothini kuyashintsha kusuka kumhlophe ophuzi kube yithusi. Nape yombala omnyama, ehlotshiswe ngemicu emithathu noma emine yombala obomvu onsundu. Imilenze mncane, ibuthaka, i-brownish-grey noma ibomvu ngokubomvu.

Izinhlobo lezi zivame empumalanga yeNyakatho Melika.

Ukusakazwa kweWoodcock

Ama-Woodcocks akha ama-pairs kuphela esikhathini sokuzalela. Ngemuva kokuphela kwezithando zasebusuku, entwasahlobo, le nyoni iqala isikhathi sobuthi, okuzibonakalisa ezindizeni ezindiza ebusuku. Abesilisa basebenza kakhulu ngemuva kokushona kwelanga nangaphambi kwamabili, nangaphambi kokusa. Ngasikhathi sinye, abesilisa bandiza kancane, behlisa uqhwaku lwabo, ngaphezu kwesiqubu futhi “bakhala”, benza imisindo emnandi egcina ngokukhala okukhulu, “ukukhonkotha”. Ukunxenxa okunjalo kuqala engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube maphakathi noMeyi noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngenkathi indiza yeduna iwela phansi, ezigodini, emaphepheni, kuma-glade nasemaphethelweni, izinsikazi zilindelwe. Uma izindlela zokundiza zabesilisa zihlangana, bese kuba khona ukulwa. Lapho ezwa impendulo yensikazi ikhala otshanini, owesilisa wehlela kuye bese amafomu ambalwa izinsuku eziningana. Ngemuva kokuphola, owesilisa ushiya insikazi kuze kube manje futhi uqala ukufuna umngane omusha. Ngenkathi, abesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane abathathu.

Esidlekeni, ukhuni olwesifazane lukhetha ingxenye ehlathini engaboni. Isidleke singumgodi emhlabathini, ngaphansi kwesihlahla noma phakathi kwamagatsha awile, okuthi izinyoni zihambisane namahlamvu, izinaliti, utshani, umhlanga ngonyaka owedlule. Ububanzi besitreyi bufika ku-15 cm, ukuqina kodoti kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-30 ​​mm.

Kwibhokisi elilodwa kukhona ama-ocher ama-4 abomvu noma ansundu anama-brown kanye namabala ansundu. Uma ulahlekelwe ngowokuqala, insikazi yenza okwesibili. Isikhathi sokufakwa kwesinye isikhathi sithatha izinsuku ezingama-22 kuye kwezingama-24. Kulokhu, insikazi ishiya isidleke kuphela uma kungenzeka kube nengozi.

Amakati azalwa ngombala ophuzi onsundu amabala amakhulu ansundu namnyama ansundu wezimpaphe eziphansi. Uma kuvela inyamazane eduzane nasidleke, insikazi iyakhala futhi imsuse esidlekeni. Izinsuku eziyishumi zokuphila, izimpaphe ziyavela emachwaneni, ziqala ukugcwala, kuthi lapho sezingamaviki ama-3 zibe namaphiko.

Izwi leWoodcock

AmaWoodcocks ayizinyoni ezithulile, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokukhwelana, lapho ngesikhathi sokuzalela, owesilisa ukhipha ukububula, kepha umsindo we-euphonic ngokundiza, abazingeli abakubiza ngokuthi "ukukhala". Kuyo u-3-4 trilling hoarse uphela ngomsindo ophakeme we- “cyc-cyc,” ozwakala ebangeni elingamamitha angama-300. Owesilisa ulandela izimbangi zakhe ngokukhala kuka- “plip-plip-pis”.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngenyoni

• Igama laseRussia "yi-Woodcock" yemvelaphi yaseJalimane futhi lihumusha ngokweqiniso ngokuthi "i-sandpiper yehlathi". Futhi, le nyoni yaziwa ngamagama athi Boron Sandpiper, Red Sandpiper, Pike, Harebird, Birch, Boletus.
• Amehlo eWoodcock asezinhlangothini zekhanda ukuze i-angle yokubuka le nyoni icishe ibe ngu-360 °.