Igama lesi Latin: | I-Aquila chrysaetos |
Isigcawu: | Ama-Falconiformes |
Umndeni: | Hawk |
Ngokwengeziwe: | Incazelo yezinhlobo zaseYurophu |
Ukubukeka nokuziphatha. Izinkozi ezinkulu kunazo zonke esifundeni sethu ingeyesibili kuphela kulokhozi futhi ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe. Ubude bomzimba 75-93 cm, amaphiko ama-180p2 cm ku-180-240 cm. Owesilisa unesisindo esingu-2.8-4.6 kg, ngowesifazane - kg. Umzimba uqinile, kepha awukhulu. Umsila uphakeme kancane - imikhawulo yamaphiko agoqekile enyoni ehleli ingafinyeleli emaphethelweni umsila. “Ibhulukwe” lezimpunga emilenzeni lakhiwe kahle, ama-paws anamandla amakhulu. Umlomo mkhulu, uphakeme. Uthingo lube nsundu emnyama ezinyokazini zezinsikazi nezisencane kanye nsundu yegolide kowesilisa.
Incazelo. Kwinyoni endala, engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda, i-nape kanye ne-nentamo ku-buffy noma kwegolide; kubonakala sengathi kufakwe “i-hood” yegolide yezimpaphe ezicijekile. Ibunzi, isilevu, umphimbo omnyama. Umsila ungwevu ngenhla emnyama futhi imishayo efihlayo ebanzi, i-undercoat is buffy. Amapulangwe asele anombala onsundu, acishe alukhuni, abe nomthunzi wobumba emahlombe amahlombe nezimbobo eziphakeme zephiko. Izinyoni ezincane, ngokungafani nezinye okhozi oluncane, ziyefana nabantu abadala ngohlobo lokubala, kepha ziqhakazile futhi ziqhathanisa kakhulu - nsundu emnyama nge- “mane” elibomvu, umsila omhlophe onesihloko esimnyama, “izikhala” ezimhlophe emaphikweni. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nemifantu emhlophe esiswini.
Ngezingubo eziphakathi nendawo, kancane kancane umsila uphenduka umpunga, intamo nokumboza kwephiko elingaphezulu kukhanye, amasimu amhlophe emaphikweni anyamalale. Ukhozi lwegolide luthola ingubo yokugcina yabantu abadala yeminyaka eyi-6 yokuphila. Ukusuka ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe nganoma isiphi iminyaka, ukhozi lwegolide luhlukaniswa ngesakhiwo esikhulu kakhulu, inyoni enezinwele, umlomo ongaphakeme kangako, hhayi umsila obunjiwe, futhi kusuka okhozini oludala - isizinda esimnyama esimnyama, umlomo omnyama, inhloko nemibala emibili.
Ngaphezu kwendawo enkulu yokungcwaba, ukhozi oludala lwabantu abadala luhlukaniswa ngamapayipi aphakeme, kusuka kwezinye izinkozi ezindala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngombala ohlukile. Ikhuphuka kakhulu, ihlukile kwezinye izinkozi ezinkulu endizeni ekhuphuka ngamaphiko amade, iphakanyiswe kancane ngaphezu kwesihlahla futhi inwebekile phambili, ngomsila ongaphezulu. Uhlangothi lwangemuva lwamaphiko luyindilinga ngokusobala, “iminwe” yezimpaphe ezi-1 ezindizayo imvamisile ebanzi kunalezinye izinyamazane ezidla imbuya ngothi, ngaphandle kokhozi nemisundu.
Kubantu abadala, amabala obumba we-digonal okhanyayo angaphezulu kwephiko elingaphezulu kanye nokuqina okuncane kwezimpaphe nezimpaphe zomsila kuyabonakala kumazinga ahlukahlukene. Le nyoni encane inamasimu amhlophe ngaphansi kwezimpaphe, ibonakala ngaphezulu nangaphansi, nomsila ohlukile. Le nhlanganisela yezimpawu ayisiyo enye yezinkozi ezindala nezisencane zeRussia YaseYurophu.
Vota. Umsindo omkhulu obukhali "kyak-kyak-kyak", Izibalo eziphakeme zeMelodic.
Isimo Sokusabalalisa. Uhla lokufuya luhlanganisa iningi le-Eurasia - ukusuka ehlathini-tundra kuya eHimalaya nase-Arabia, naseNyakatho Afrika kanye naseNyakatho Melika. Yonke indawo isatshalaliswe kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile. E-Russia, ihlala kusuka emngceleni osentshonalanga iye eKamchatka, endaweni enkulu yaseYurophu kuphela isidleke samabili, kuvame kakhulu eCaucasus. Isibalo sehla ngenxa yokukhathazeka, ubumpofu bokuphakelwa kokudla, kanye nokuguqulwa kwezindawo zokhokho. Kufakwe ezincwadini ezibomvu zaseRussia kanye namazwe amaningi aseYurophu.
Indlela yokuphila. Izinhlobo ezihleliwe, zifudukela eningizimu ebusika kuphela ukusuka emaphethelweni asenyakatho ebangeni. Kunamathela kumhlaba omdaka, izintaba (ezimakwe ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha angama-5 500 ngaphezu kolwandle), ezansi, endaweni yendawo ye-taiga - ngaphandle kwamabhodo aphezulu. Kuyenzeka nasezulazuleni ezindaweni ezinamathafa amancane. Kugwema ubukhona bomuntu.
Isisekelo sokondleka kwamahhashi, ama-squirrel omhlaba, ama-groundhogs, izinyoni ezinkulu. Ukuhlaselwa ngempumelelo kwezimpungushe, izinyamazane, i-capercaillie, amahansi kwaphawulwa. Imvamisa idla nge-carrion, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Ingxenye yokuzingela yababili ingaba nendawo engaphezulu kwe-100 km 2. Kuqala ukuzala eneminyaka engama-5-6 yeminyaka, kwesinye isikhathi bengakayitholi ingubo yokugcina yabantu abadala. Ukhozi lweGolide luqala ukuzalela ezindaweni ezihlala njalo ngokuya ngobude bendawo kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli, imidlalo emihle yasendlini enama-take-offs kanye ne-dives iyimpawu.
Kokubili isidleke esiqongweni zezihlahla ezindala, eziqongweni nasezindongeni zamatshe, emibhoshongweni yokudluliselwa kwamandla noma emibhoshongweni enxantathu. Izidleke zisetshenziswa zamaphiko aminyene zingafinyelela kububanzi obungamamitha ayi-1, ukuphakama okufanayo kudoti wazo - uboya, izimpaphe, umquba, amagatsha aluhlaza. E-clutch kuvame amaqanda ama-2 amhlophe anezindawo ezimnyama, amantshontsho zesifazane (owesilisa - ngezikhathi ezithile) izinsuku ezingama-38 kuya ku-45, zombili izingubo ezigqokile zimhlophe, izinyoni ezincane ziphuma esidlekeni zineminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengu-10. Imvamisa, kuphuma inkukhu eyodwa kuphela ngaphambi kokusuka. Esidlekeni, abazali banakekela kakhulu futhi, njengomthetho, bangakhombisi ulaka kumuntu.
Lapho kuhlala khona izinkozi zegolide
IGolden Eagles ihlala endaweni ebanzi e-Asia, e-Afrika, e-Europe nakuwo womabili amaMelika. Izindawo eziningi ezintabeni zikhethwa njengezindawo zokuhlala, yize zingatholakala futhi emathafeni. Njengoba ukhozi lwegolide lubheka inyamazane esibhakabhakeni, luthanda indawo evulekile enkulu. Ukuphila kude nabantu, emazweni amaningi ukhozi lwegolide lubhalwe ku-Red Book njengohlobo olusengozini.
Okudla ukhozi lwegolide
Ukhozi lwegolide luyinyoni edla inyama ngakho-ke ukudla okuyinhloko kokudla kwalo kuyizilwane ezincane ezihlukene, imvamisa yilezi ezingafani ngamagundane: amagundane asensimini, amagundane, ama-squirrels, ama-ferrets, ama-hares, ama-martens, ama-squirrels. Kwesinye isikhathi amakhozi amakhulu egolide ahlasela ngisho nezilwane ezinkulu ezinjengezimpungushe, izinyamazane, amathole ngisho nezimvu. Ungazi ukuthi zijabulela ezinye izinyoni ezincane, njengamajuba, amadada, amakhethini, amabala, izikhova, amahansi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izidingo zansuku zonke zokhozi lwegolide lokudla ziyi-1.5 kg yenyama. Kodwa-ke, angabulawa yindlala kuze kube ngamaviki ayi-5.
Ungalingela kanjani ukhozi lwegolide
Isimo sokuzingela ukhozi lwegolide kuya ngesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke esimweni sezulu esikhanyayo, ukhozi lwegolide luzokhuphuka ngobude, lubheke inyamazane ngamehlo alo ajulile, futhi lapho kuvela lokho emkhakheni walo wokubuka, ukhozi lwegolide lujuluka ngokushesha, lubambe isisulu ngemivimbo yalo emincane, luphule umgogodla noma lushaye ngomlomo obukhali, luphule imithambo yegazi, futhi seluthwele ofileyo. esidlekeni sakho. Esimweni sezulu esinamafu, izinkozi zegolide zilinda inyamazane yazo ekuqamekeleni zihlale eziqongweni zezihlahla. Futhi, lapho inyamazane efanelekile ibonakala eduzane, isebenza ngendlela efanayo - ukuphonsa ngokushesha, ukubamba, njalonjalo ...
Izitha zeGolide Eagle
Njengoba ukhozi lwegolide lungolwabaphangi be-oda eliphakeme, ezimweni zemvelo alinaso isitha, ekuxhumekeni kokudla kuhlala endaweni yokuxhumeka ephezulu kakhulu. Okuwukuphela kwesongo kuye ukuthi, umuntu, futhi hhayi ngoba angazingela amakhozi egolide, kodwa ngesizathu sokuthi izinkozi zegolide azihlali esidlekeni sokuhlala kwabantu futhi, noma ziphazamisekile, zingashiya ngisho isidleke namachwane.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweGolden Eagles
Izinkozi zegolide ziyizinyoni ezinyantisa igazi, zihlala zithembekile kwezimpilo impilo yazo yonke, inqobo nje uma umuntu asathandana naye esaphila. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-eye ngayinye yezinkozi zegolide ngokuvamile inezidleke ezi-2-4 ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene lapho indiza ngokundiza ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka.
Isikhathi sokukhwelana kwezinkozi zegolide ziqala esikhathini esiqala ngoFebhuwari kuya ku-Ephreli, ngaleso sikhathi abesilisa benza izindiza ezikhethekile phambi kwabesifazane: ukuze beshaye abakhethiweyo babo, benza i-aerobatics ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kungaba, ngokwesibonelo, ukundiza okufana negagasi, lapho ukhozi lwegolide luqala ukuphakama, bese lwehla ngokushesha, endaweni ephansi iphinde ifinyelele ukuphakama komunye umbuthano.
Insikazi ibekela amaqanda maphakathi no-Ephreli, kwelinye libekela amaqanda angaba ngu-1-3. Owesilisa nowesifazane bababaza ngenye indlela izinsuku ezingama-45. Ngemuva kwalokho amachwane azalwa ngenkathi umama omncane ewondla, futhi ubaba uletha inyamazane. Amachwane amancane okhozi legolide akhula futhi akhule ngokushesha okukhulu, kuthi emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ahlukaniswe nabazali bawo.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babethambisa le nyoni edla inyama njengosizo ekuzingeleni. Futhi yize ukugcinwa kwezinkozi zegolide ekudingisweni kungelula kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ukuzingela okungenakulibaleka nokubamba kwabo iqhaza kuyazikhokhela izinkinga. Izinyoni ezincane zivame ukukhethwa ukuze zifundiswe, kancane kancane zizifake imfiva. Ngakho-ke umzingeli ufaka igilavu yesikhumba, afake ukhozi lwegolide kuyo futhi agibele izungeze idolobha naye, lokhu kwenziwa ukuze inyoni ijwayele izwi nokubukeka kwabantu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukhozi lwegolide lunqunyelwe ekudleni, bayondla nsuku zonke, ngasikhathi sinye besifaka ubuthi ngesilwane esigcotshisiwe.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokhozi lwegolide
- Ukhozi lwegolide lunombono wombala, luyakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala, kanye nabantu, empeleni, ikhwalithi enjalo iyatholakala ezweni lezilwane.
- Phakathi kwamakhozi egolide into enje ngesimo se-cannibalism yenzeka, imvamisa ngokuntuleka kokudla, inkukhu endala ibulala futhi idle omncane.
- Isimo sokhozi lwegolide luzigqaqa ezingubeni eziningi zezwe (kepha kithina ama-Ukraine, ngeshwa, igama elithi "ukhozi lwegolide" alilungile ngokuhlobene nemicimbi yakamuva eyaziwayo).