Isengezo ezintathu-sensimbi | |||||||
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Owesilisa (kwesobunxele) nowesifazane | |||||||
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi | |||||||
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
I-infraclass: | Ukuzalwa okusha |
Ingqalasizinda: | Ama-Tyrannides |
Buka: | Isengezo ezintathu-sensimbi |
- I-Procnias tricarunculata, i-orth. var.
Isengezo ezintathu-sensimbi, noma isibhamu esinsimbi-ntathu (lat. Procnias tricarunculatus), iyinyoni efudukayo yomndeni waseCentral America of cating.
Ukubuyekezwa okufushane
Enye yezinhlobo ezine zezinsimbi zokukhala, ezihlala eMelika Ephakathi kanye naseNingizimu Melika, ukukhula kwayo kusuka ku-25 cm kuya ku-30 cm. Umzimba, umsila nezimpiko zeduna kukhona nsundu omnyama, ikhanda, intamo, isifuba saphezulu mhlophe, imivimbo, indandatho ye-ocular nomlomo - abamnyama. Le nyoni yathola igama layo ngenxa yamacici amathathu esikhumba akhulayo alengiswa phansi komlomo. Lawa macici angaba ngu-10 cm ubude, enwebeka ngesikhathi sengoma nangokuthandana. Amacici ahlala ethambile ngisho noma edwetshwe. Owesilisa unyakazisa amacici, kodwa uma kungenjalo ancike aqonde phansi. Ama-catkin awawona ama-erectile, ngoba awekho ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwemisipha. Amacici agqamile awanamatheli ezinhlangothini, kanti eliphakathi alikhululi ngqo phezulu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe emifanekisweni ethile nakumasampula amadala. Owesifazane mncane kunowesilisa futhi akabonwa kangako: ungumnqumo ngokuphelele ngombala ngemivimbo ephuzi ngezansi futhi awunacici.
Lolu hlobo lwe-ringer ye-bell luyaziwa ngokuba nesinye sezwi elingajwayelekile futhi elihlukile kunazo zonke izinyoni ezikulo, uhla lwensimbi ezintathu luhanjiswa lisuka entshonalanga neHonduras iye empumalanga yePanama. Ngenkathi kuncane okwaziwayo ngokuziphatha kwalezi zinyoni ezifudukayo, zizalela ikakhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseCosta Rican (ukusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba) bese zibuyela ezindaweni eziphansi phakathi nezinyanga eziphakathi.
Isihlabelelo
Ngenxa yokuziphatha kwale nyoni ekusithekeni, imvamisa ingatholwa kuphela yizwi layo elithi “insimbi”, enyatheliswa kuphela ngabesilisa. Ebangeni elisondelene, ukusebenza kwabantu abaningi eCosta Rica yingoma eyinkimbinkimbi enezingxenye ezintathu, nomsindo bonk wanika inyoni igama. Lokhu okuyize, lokhuni bonk kubhekwa phakathi kwezinyoni zezwi elizwakala kakhulu eMhlabeni, elizwakala ngabantu kude le-0.8 km. Izingoma zabantu ziyahlukahluka eNicaragua nasePanama, noma kunjalo, lezi zingoma zinamazwi aphakeme kakhulu, kepha amanothi amancane.
Ucwaningo lokuqoshwa kokuculwa kwezinyoni okwenziwa nguDonald Krudsman, osezinqolobaneni zeCornell Ornithological Laboratory, kukhombisile ukuthi leli bell-ringed bell-ringer liyilungu elihlukile phakathi kwesigatshana sakhe, njengoba efunda imiculo yabo, yize iqiniso lokuthi iculo linqunywa yisimilo, njengoba seliguqukile eminyakeni yamuva, okwakuserekhodini.
Imininingwane
Ringer bird, I-ezintathu-ringer bell-ringer, i-ringer yezinsimbi ezintathu, indlu encane enezinwele ezintathu noma insimbi enezinwele ezintathu - inyoni efudukayo yomndeni waseCentral America wokucaphuna, obonakala ngokuhlelwa okukhethekile kwe-larynx engezansi. Kuyamangaza futhi ukuthi umbala weplamu wakhiwa ngumbala wangempela obizwa ngokuthi yi-cotinine. Le nyoni yaziwa ngemisindo eyodwa engajwayelekile futhi ehlukile. Ngenxa yokuziphatha kwale nyoni ekusithekeni, imvamisa ingatholwa kuphela yizwi layo elithi “insimbi”, enyatheliswa kuphela ngabesilisa. Eduze nje, izwi labantu abaningi eCosta Rica yingoma eyinkimbinkimbi enezingxenye ezintathu, kodwa umsindo we- “bonk” owanikeza le nyoni igama layo. Le "bonk" engenalutho, ibhekwa njengemisindo yezinyoni ezwakala kakhulu emhlabeni, ezwakala ngabantu kude ngamamitha angama-800. Izingoma zabantu ziyahlukahluka eNicaragua nasePanama, noma kunjalo, lezi zingoma zinamazwi aphakeme kakhulu, kepha amanothi amancane.
Ucwaningo lokuqoshwa kokuculwa kwama-bird-ringer kaDonald Krudsman, osezinqolobaneni zeCornell Ornithological Laboratory, luveze ukuthi le-ringer bell-ringer iyilungu elihlukile phakathi kwesigatshana sakhe, njengoba efunda imiculo yabo, yize iqiniso ukuthi iculo linqunywa ngumzwelo wemvelo, ngoba eminyakeni yamuva nje kwashintsha, njengoba kwaba njalo irekhodi.
Isichasiso "esinamakhanda amathathu" kuleli gama sitholwe yi-bell-ringer ngenxa yamacici amathathu esikhumba akhulayo abekwe phansi kogongolo. Lawa macici angaba ngu-10 cm ubude, enwebeka ngesikhathi sengoma nangokuthandana. Amacici ahlala ethambile ngisho noma edwetshwe. Owesilisa unyakazisa amacici, kodwa uma kungenjalo ancike aqonde phansi. Ama-catkin awawona ama-erectile, ngoba awekho ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwemisipha. Amacici agqamile awanamatheli ezinhlangothini, kanti eliphakathi alikhululi ngqo phezulu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe emifanekisweni ethile nakumasampula amadala.
Ukukhula kwalezi zinyoni kusuka ku-25 cm kuya ku-30 cm. Umzimba, umsila kanye namaphiko amaduna onsundu, ikhanda, intamo, isifuba esingenhla kumhlophe, imivimbo, indandatho ye-peri-ocular nomlomo omnyama. Kuncane okwaziwayo ngokuziphatha okufudukayo kwalezi zinyoni; zizalela kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseCosta Rican endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1000 kuye kwangama-2300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle (ukusuka ngoMashi kuya kuSepthemba) bese zibuyela ezindaweni eziphansi phakathi nezinyanga eziphakathi nendawo. Le nyoni ivikela ngentshiseko indawo yayo, futhi lapho nje isivakashi esingamenyiwe iwela kuyo, yona iyasondela bese iqala ukucula kakhulu endlebeni yayo. By the way, ngesinye isikhathi ayaphutha, enza iphutha lezivakashi nezintokazi ezingamenyiwe, bese eqala ukuwaxosha ngezikhalo ezinkulu, gxuma lokubonisa kanye nezindiza.
Abesifazane bathwala konke ukukhathazeka ngesidleke nenzalo, babeka iqanda eli-1. Bondla cishe kuphela ngezithelo ezihlanganiswe kanzima. Abesifazane abanazwi. Owesifazane mncane kunowesilisa futhi akabonwa kangako: ungumnqumo ngokuphelele ngombala ngemivimbo ephuzi ngezansi futhi awunacici.
Iplanethi Yezilwane | Izilwane
| IzilwaneI-ringer enezinyawo ezintathu (i-Procnias tricarunculatus) iyinyoni evela emndenini wokufaka amakhodi.
Umzimba, umsila kanye namaphiko amaduna onsundu. Ikhanda, intamo, isifuba phezulu kumhlophe, imivimbo, indandatho ye-ocular nomlomo omnyama.
Le nyoni yathola igama layo ngenxa yamacici amathathu esikhumba akhulayo alengiswa phansi komlomo. Lawa macici angafinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, enwebeka ngesikhathi sengoma nangokuthandana. Owesifazane mncane kunowesilisa futhi ungabonakali kancane: ungumnqumo ngokuphelele ngombala ngemivimbo ephuzi ngezansi futhi awunacici.
Ihlala ePanama, eCosta Rica, eHonduras naseNicaragua.
Idla ngezithelo, amajikijolo nezinambuzane.
Lolu hlobo lwezinsimbi zensimbi luyaziwa ngokuba nesinye sezwi elingajwayelekile futhi elihlukile kunazo zonke izinyoni ezikulo.
Ngenxa yokuziphatha kwale nyoni ekusithekeni, imvamisa ingatholwa kuphela yizwi elithi “insimbi” enesimo, ekhishwa kuphela ngabesilisa. Uma usondelene, izwi labantu abaningi eCosta Rica yingoma eyinkimbinkimbi enezingxenye ezintathu, futhi umsindo we-bonk wanika le nyoni igama layo.
Ucwaningo lwamarekhodi okucula luveze ukuthi i-ringer enamakhanda amathathu iyilungu elihlukile phakathi kwesizinda sayo, njengoba ifunda izingoma zezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, yize iqiniso lokuthi iculo linqunywa ngumzwelo wemvelo, ngoba eminyakeni yamuva nje selishintshile, ebeliseqophelweni.
Amanye amagama: onamakhanda amathathu omnyama, insimbi yezinyoni.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesipikili esihlome kathathu
I-ringer yezinsimbi ezintathu iyinyoni encane enobude bomzimba obungamasentimitha angama-25-30. Ngaphansi komlomo wale nyoni kukhona “amacici” amnyama athambile amabi amasentimitha ayi-10. Babonakala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukuhamba kwamacici akuxhomekile ekungqukeni kwemisipha, ngakho-ke alengiswa ngokukhululeka, kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa umane awanyakazise ukusuka ngapha nangapha. Emidwebweni emidala ungabona amacici emi ebheke phansi, kepha lesi isithombe esiyiphutha.
I-ringer ezintathu-ringer (Procnias tricarunculatus).
Igama "abahlome abathathu" bavele ngenxa yokuba khona kwalezi zinhlaka ezinamanzi.
I-plumage yabesilisa yi-chestnut ekhanyayo, enekhanda elimhlophe elihlukile futhi nentamo. Ingaphezulu lesifuba nomhlane nakho kumhlophe ngenhla. Izimpiko nomsila onsundu.
Mnyama ngamehlo
indandatho. Umlomo umnyama.
Izinsikazi zimbozwe ngenqwaba yesithunzi somuni womnqumo, njengalesi sidumbu, izimpaphe ngaphezulu zinemiphetho ephuzi.
Isisu sazo siphuzi ngemivimbo yeminqumo. Abantu besifazane abantuli ukuphuma kwemilomo yabo. Amaduna amancane anombala ofana nowesifazane kepha anamacici.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-ringer enamakhanda amathathu
I-ringer enamakhanda amathathu isatshalaliswa eMelika Ephakathi. Indawo yokuhlala isuka ezifundeni ezisentshonalanga yeHonduras iye ePanama. Kubandakanya maphakathi neCosta Rica, iNicoya Peninsula, inyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNicaragua, cishe iSierra de Agalta, iHonduras.
Amacici esilevisi esinamakhanda amathathu angafinyelela ku-10 cm, andule ngesikhathi sengoma nokuzwana.
Ubusika emithambekeni yeCaribbean kanye namathafa asondelene naseHonduras, eNicaragua nasezindaweni eziphansi nezamagquma phansi kwethambeka ePanama, eCosta Rica. EPanama, izinyoni eziningi zihlala ebusika emthambekeni weCaribbean, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi ePacific Lowlands.
Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe i-ringer enamakhanda amathathu
Isikhathi sokuzalela kwezinsimbi zamakhandlela sisengoMashi - Septhemba, kuya ngendawo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zenza ukufuduka okukhulu, zishintsha indawo yazo ejwayelekile, futhi zihamba eduze kwezindawo eziphakeme, zikhuphukele ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-3000, kamuva zivele emaphethelweni ezinyawo, emithambekeni yoLwandle iPacific nolwandle lweCaribbean.
Izinduna zitholakala phakathi kwamapheshana amakhulu amahlathi emvula asezintabeni, lapho kunokudla okuningi.
Owesilisa uyayiqapha ngentshiseko insimu yakhe, futhi lapho nje umgadli esengena endaweni enabantu, yena uyandiza asondele futhi aqale ukwenza izindiza eziwumbukiso futhi agxume, ehambisana nokunyakaza ngokuhlabelela okukhulu. Kwezinye izimo, i-ringer yesilisa ingaxosha ngisho nowesifazane.
Ukuziphatha komhlaba kuyimpawu kuphela esikhathini esidleke.
Ukuthola i-ringer yokucula ngamahlamvu aminyene kunzima. Izinyoni zihola indlela yokuphila yemfihlo, kepha noma ngabe yikuphi, abahlabeleli bakhipha izwi labo lomculo elimangalisayo nelinamandla.
Ukusebenza kwezwi le-ringer yezinsimbi ezintathu kubizwa ngokuthi “bell” ukucula, ngakho-ke ngabesilisa kuphela abaculayo. Phakathi kwezinhle zezinyoni zomsebenzi womculo, iculo le-bell ringer liyizwi elikhulu kunawo wonke kubo bonke abaculi abanamakhanda. Kuyabonakala kude ngamamitha ayi-800.
Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, izwi le-ringer yeduna ngamandla omsindo lingafaniswa nokubhonga kwe-boeing ezindizayo. Abesifazane abanawo amakhono anjalo okhuluma. Ehlathini bacishe bangadalulwa. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-1-2. Uyena kuphela owakha isidleke futhi wondla inzalo. Owesilisa ngalesi sikhathi ugcinwa yedwa emiqhele yezihlahla.
Lolu hlobo lwezinsimbi zensimbi luyaziwa ngokuba nelinye lamazwi angajwayelekile futhi ahlukile kuzo zonke izinyoni ebangeni lazo.
Izizathu zokuncipha kwenani lama-ringer ahlomile amathathu
Indawo yokuhlala unomphela ye-ringer enamakhanda amathathu, ikakhulukazi emathafeni asebusika ebusika baseCaribbean, iguqulwa ibe ngamasimu obhanana, amachibi ezinkomo.
E-Maiz Indian Reserve, eNicaragua, amanani alezi zinyoni
iyawohloka, njengoba ukuvikela amahlathi akwenziwa ezingeni elifanele.
Enyakatho yeCosta Rica, ama-35% amahlathi asele aqedwa ngo-1986-1992. Ugu lwePacific, lapho izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-ringer ezinamakhanda amathathu, lugcinwa kabi.
Imithambeka yeCaribbean ePanama isengozini yokuthengisa umhlaba wokulima.
Inani lezinyoni lehla ngokushesha okukhulu, inikezwe ukucekelwa phansi okuphelele nokulahleka kwezindawo abahlala kuzo.
I-ringer ehlome ngezikhali ezintathu iyilungu elihlukile phakathi kwesizinda sayo.
Izenzo zokuvikela ezinsimbi ezintathu
Ama-ringleader ama-ringleader amathathu avikelekile ezindaweni ezithile zokugcina izintaba, ikakhulukazi e-Agalta National Park Sierra de (Honduras), Monteverde endaweni yokugcina izinto eziphilayo (Costa Rica) naseLa Amistad - ipaki lomhlaba jikelele (Costa Rica nasePanama).
Ukuzalelwa kwezinyoni kwenzeka endaweni yokugcina imvelo - isiqiwi samaNdiya-Maiz (Nicaragua). Izindandatho ezinemigodi emithathu zigadiwe ndawonye nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane endaweni yokuphephela yeBarra del Coladoo neTortuguero National Park (Costa Rica), iCorcovado National Park (Costa Rica), ogwini lweRamsar indawo enamanzi, eCoiba National Park (Panama).
Izinyathelo zokuvikela i-ringer ehlome ngezixhobo ezintathu
Ukuze ulondoloze i-ringer yezinsimbi ezinamakhanda amathathu, kudingeka izifundo ukuze kutholakale uhla oluqondile lokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane nokunquma inani lezinyoni, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kweCosta Rica.
Kuyadingeka ukutadisha imvelo, kanye nokufuduka kwesizini kwama-bipeipe.
Izindawo ezintsha ezivikelwe kufanele zakhiwe, ikakhulukazi esifundeni sePacific namathafa aphansi eCosta Rica, futhi ukuvikeleka kwezinyoni kufanele kuqinisekiswe eMaiz Indian Reserve (Nicaragua).
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