I. Khitrov Moscow
Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezilwane ezintsha ze-terrarium eziye zavela ezweni lethu, kude nendawo yokugcina kuhlalwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinja zamanzi amasha. Kepha ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwalezi ezihuqayo, bambalwa abangaziqhayisa ngempumelelo yabo ekunakekeleni, futhi nangaphezu kwalokho ukuzalanisa, amathangi abukhoma. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu usayizi omkhulu kakhulu wamafudu, adinga ama-terrarium amakhulu.
Manje sekufikile izimfudu ezincane zezilwane ezitolo zezilwane, ezibonakaliswa lula kwesondlo. Umbala wazo ngompunga okhanyayo ngamabala ansundu futhi amabala akhanyayo ngemuva kwamehlo. Bathengise ngaphansi kwegama "yellow-eared". Eqinisweni, bangabameli bezinhlobo ezimbili zaseNyakatho Melika - i-Graptemys nigrinoda ne-G. pseudogeographica. Esokuqala siwele eqenjini lezilwane, ngokusobala ngengozi enamakhophi amaningana. Ama-turtle ohlobo lwesibili aletha amakhulu amaningana. Kuzoxoxwa ngazo.
Abamele izimfudu ze-genus Humpback (ama-Graptemys) asabalele eNyakatho Melika. Kaningi kunabanye, kune-pilospin, noma iMississippian, ufudu (G. pseudogeographica). Lolu hlobo luhlala ama-biotopes ahlukahlukene - kusukela emabhishi aseMississippi kuya emabhodini odaka angajulile. Amabala anjalo akhanga ngokukhethekile kuma-terrarimers.
Isifutho se-pilospin
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, abesilisa bafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15, izinsikazi zincane kakhulu, ekuthunjweni, zombili zincane kakhulu.
Umbala oyinhloko imibala ehlukene grey, brown and olive olive. Isigaxa esinsundu sigibela phakathi komhlane, ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezincane. Ikhanda, intamo kanye nezinyawo zimbozwe ngemivimbo yokukhanya ende. Amabala amahle aphuzi atholakala ngemuva kwamehlo. Onogada abathathu abaphezulu ku-carapace bane-protrosion ngesimo sewashi elincane licishe laba mnyama ngombala. Isihlangu ngasinye sihlotshiswe ngephethini elimnyama eliyinkimbinkimbi.
Saw Turtle - izitha ezisebenzayo. Isikhathi esiningi abasichitha emanzini beyofuna ukudla, yize bona, njengamanye amafudu amaningi afanayo, badinga ukukhamba ngezikhathi ezithile ogwini. Emvelweni, ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ama-amphibians, izinhlanzi, izinambuzane, ama-mollusks kanye nenani elincane lezimila.
Ukuze ugcine amafudu athunjiwe, udinga i-aquaterrarium noma i-aquarium ene "Island". Izinga lamanzi lingaba [geboliyim (amasentimitha ayi-10-15), nendawo - yanele ukubhukuda mahhala. Inhlabathi - noma ikuphi, kepha uma usebenzisa amatshe amakhulu noma amatshe amatshe, kubalulekile ukufaka isanti elihle, elihlwitha ngezikhathi ezithile. Ibanga lokushisa lingama-15- 32 ° C, ezilwaneni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-22- 28 ° C. Ngaphezulu "kwesiqhingi" kuyathandeka ukuqinisa isibani se-incandescent, lapho izinga lokushisa lingafinyelela ku-35-40 ° C (ngokushisa kwendawo).
Isifutho se-pilospin
Ukondla akunzima ikakhulukazi. Ama-turtles ayakujabulela ukudla izingcezu zenyama, izinhlanzi kanye nezinambuzane zasemanzini, igobolondo, okuphakelayo okwenziwe ngenkani. Kepha nganoma yikuphi ukudla, ukuvimbela ukuthambisa i-carapace, kungakuhle ukuthi ungeze amalungiselelo aqukethe i-calcium ekudleni. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezisakhula ngentshiseko. Ukudla kufaka futhi i-duckweed, richchia, amaqabunga amancane ulethisi noma i-dandelion. Uma kungenzeka, amafudu kufanele afakelwe isibani se-quartz, ikakhulukazi ezilungiselela ukuzalaniswa.
E-terarium izimfudu ze-sawspin ukuzala njalo, kubeka amaqanda ama-7-7 “ogwini” noma ngqo emanzini. Kufanele zidluliselwe ngokushesha kufakwe i-incubator, lapho amabhungane amancanyana angaba amasentimitha ama-4 ubude aboshwe khona ekushiseni kwama-22-25 ° C ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-53- 55. Anombala okhanyayo kunabantu abadala, ane-carveace ethe xaxa futhi mancane amathuba okuthi aqhamuke emanzini.
Saw Turtle - Umbono othembisayo kakhulu wabasebenzi be-terrarium ngokuqeqeshwa okuphakathi. Kuthenjwa ukuthi lesi silwane esihle sizoba nabathandekayo baso.
Isifufula saseMalay-flat-backed (iMalay Notochelys platynota)
Umlayezo ubaniwur »Feb 16, 2019 9:25 AM
Igama (rus): Ufudu olususelwa eMalay
Igama (lat): Notochelys platynota
Igama: Turtle-Sherled Turtle yaseMalayan
Isiqondisi: (Cryptodira) Lurker
Umndeni: (Geoemydidae) Umfula wase-Asia, ibhokisi
Subfamily: (Geoemydinae)
Uhlobo lokuzalwa: (Notochelys) Flat Back
Incazelo: Ubude be-carapace ebunjiwe ende bufika ku-32 cm. Kune-keel ye-medial ku-carapace. Umbala we-carapace usuka ku-brownish brown uye ku-tan noma obomvu ngombala obomvu, onamabala amnyama nemithende ebonakalayo. Intsha inezindawo ezimbili ezimnyama kufulethi ngalinye lama-vertebral nelilodwa kufulethi ngalinye le-pleural.
Iplastron ne-jumper ziphuzi ngombala ophuzi-umbala onamabala amakhulu amnyama ngesihlangu ngasinye, noma zimnyama ngokuphelele. Ikhanda nentamo kusinsundu, isilevu nomphimbo ziba mpofu kubantu abadala. Izilwane ezisencane zingaba nemivimbo ephuzi emide ngemuva kweso kanti enye isuka esiqwini somlomo iye entanyeni. Izinyawo zinsundu ngezihlangu ezinkulu.
IHabitat: Ukusuka eningizimu yeMyanmar neVietnam kudlula eThailand nayo yonke iMalacca Peninsula kuya eSumatra, Java (Indonesia) naseSarawakka (Boneo, eMalawi). Kuhlala izihlambi eziningi ezingekho emijondolo ezinotshani obuningi, kufaka phakathi imifudlana yezintaba ehlanzekile.
Ukudla: IHerbivore, incamela imifino yasemanzini.In kuthunjwa, idla imifino ehlukahlukene kahle, kepha ikhetha izithelo, ikakhulukazi ubhanana.
Ukuzala: Esikhathini sokuzalela, ikhala labesilisa lingaphenduka libe bomvu. Kukhona cishe amaqanda ama-3 eshubhu, angama-56x27-28 mm ngosayizi. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zinombala ogqamile kunabantu abadala kanti i-keel iphinyiselwa ngokwengeziwe. Ubukhulu bezingane ezisanda kuzalwa buyi-55-57 mm ubude.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwesifufula esigobekile.
Isifufula esigxiliwe emuva sise-Australia futhi kuyaqabukela sisuka ezingxenyeni ezinkulu zokusabalalisa - amanzi asenyakatho e-Australia. Ngezikhathi ezithile ifudukela eTropic of Capricorn noma emanzini asogwini wePapua New Guinea eyofuna ukudla. Ububanzi buhlanganisa nolwandlekazi i-Indian - empumalanga, uLwandle iPacific - eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesifufula esigobekile.
Ufudu oluboshwe emuva lilingana ngosayizi lufika ku-100 cm futhi lube nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-70 - 90. Igobolondo ithambo, lingenawo amabala, i-oval flat noma eyindilinga. Ipendiwe ngombala onsomi ompunga ngopende onsundu noma ophuzi onsomi emaphethelweni. I-carapace emaphethelweni isongwe futhi imbozwe ngesikhumba. Izinyawo zimhlophe ngo-ayisikhilimu.
Ezifeni ezincane, izihlangu zihlukaniswa ngephethini le-mesh lethoni emnyama grey, phakathi kukhona izihlangu zombala we-olive. Abesifazane abadala bakhulu kunabesilisa, kepha abesilisa banemisila emide. Bobabili abesilisa nabesilisa banamakhanda ayindilinga, imvamisa aluhlaza ngombala ohambelana nombala wegobolondo. Ngaphansi kobuMhlophe noma kuphuzi.
Isici esivelele kunazo zonke salezi zimfene igobolondo lazo elibushelelezi, nelivikelayo, elijikijelwe ngasemaphethelweni.
Kunesici esisodwa esijabulisayo kumafudu asezingeni eliphansi, amagobolondo awo acinene kunaweminye iminjunju yasolwandle, ngakho-ke ukucindezela okuncane (ngokwesibonelo, ukushayisana kwamaflipter kuplastron) kungadala ukopha. Lesi sici siyisizathu esiyinhloko esenza ukuthi amafudu asekelwe emuva agweme ukubhukuda ezindaweni ezinamadwala phakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesikhuthi esinendilinga.
Ukumatanisa kufudu olususelwa emuva kwenzeka ngoNovemba nangoDisemba. Enye yezindawo okuye kwaqashelwa kuzo abesifazane ziseMonrepos Island, ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-9 enyakatho-ntshonalanga yedolobha elisogwini iBundaberg, eQueensland. Kukhona amapulatifomu okubeka amaqanda. Okwamanje, le ndawo iyindawo yokugcina yemvelo enokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kwezivakashi.
Izinsikazi zimba izidleke emithambekeni yezundunduma. Amaqanda acishe abe ngu-51 mm ubude; inani lawo lifinyelela kumaqanda angama-50 - 150. Ama-turatback turtles anika inzalo eneminyaka engama-7-50 yeminyaka. Bahlala emvelweni isikhathi eside kuze kufike eminyakeni eyi-100.
Ukuziphatha kwesifufula esigxiliwe ngemuva.
Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngokuziphatha kwezimpofana ezigcotshwe olwandle. Abantu abadala babonakala bephumula eduze kwamadwala noma ngaphansi kwemiphetho yamatshe, kanti amafudu amancane alala phezu kwamanzi.
Bangakwazi ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi amahora amaningi kuze kufike umoya olandelayo.
Ama-turat-backed turtles abhukuda ngokubabazekayo, okwandisa amathuba awo okusindiswa lapho ehlaselwa ngabazingeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasha bavela ebusuku, ngoba ubumnyama bubanikeza isivikelo lapho izimfudu zijwayela imvelo entsha.
I-Turtle ene-crest ephakeme ephezulu ye-serated kanye ne-serated posterior engemuva yokhakhayi. I-crest ishelela nobudala. I-carapace yabesilisa ifinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, futhi yabesifazane ifinyelela kuma-27 cm. I-carapace yi-olive noma i-brown enemaphethelo ophuzi. Isikhumba sinsundu omnqumo nenqwaba yemivimbo emide ephuzi entanyeni, emilenzeni, emsileni, ekhanda. Ikhanda lincane. Ngemuva kwamehlo kukhona amabala aphuzi wamaqhuqhuva ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwesihlakala, futhi eceleni kwentamo welula imigqa engu-1-3 yobude obufika emehlweni.
Habitat
Isiteshi sikaMississippi kanye nezimali ezivela eSt. Croy eWisconsin ziye eGulf Coast eLouisiana nase-East Texas.
Emvelweni
Kuhlala amachibi anezimila eziningi kusuka kumabhishi kuya kubhukuda. Omnivores.
Ukuzala
Ngesikhathi sonyaka, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angama-8-22 (3-7) ngama-2-3. Amaqanda anombala obunjiwe. Izinga lokushisa lokufakwa ekufakweni liyi-22-25 ° C futhi isikhathi siyizinsuku ezingama-53-93. Cubs Hatch ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Ubude bawo buyi-25-37 mm futhi banombala okhanyayo. Izingane zinemibala egqamile kunabantu abadala, zine-carveace ethe xaxa futhi mancane amathuba okuthi zivele emanzini.
Iminyaka yokuphila engaphezu kweminyaka engama-20.
Ukulungiswa, udinga i-aquaterrarium enogu, i-heater, isihlungi, i-UV nesibani sokushisa. Izinga lamanzi lingaba ngu-10-15 cm. Izinga lokushisa lomoya lingama-22-28 C futhi ngaphansi kwesibani - 35-40 C. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi liyi-24-28 C.
Ukondla kungcono ekuseni nasemini. Ukudla kufanele kuhluka - inhlanzi, ukudla okomile, inyama, ama-amphibians, izinambuzane, izidalwa zegazi, ulethisi, izithelo nemifino.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kofudu olususelwa emuva.
Ama-turatback turtles asengcupheni yohlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN. Kunokwehla kwamanani ngenxa yokuqongelela kokungcola emanzini olwandle, ama-pathogen, ukuncipha kwendawo kanye nokubhujiswa kwamafudu ngenxa yamaqanda. Ama-turfish asolwandle asongelwa izimpungushe ezingenisiwe futhi zizalela, izinja eziqanjiwe nezingulube.
Ukuvimbela ukushayelwa ngengozi kwezimpungushe ezibulewe emuva enetheni ngesikhathi sokudoba, kusetshenziswa insiza ekhethekile yokuzihlukanisa yodwa, ebukeka njengethangi futhi itholakala ngaphakathi kwenethi, ukuze kubanjwe izinhlanzi ezincane kuphela. Ama-turatback turtles anebanga elilinganiselwe kakhulu lokuma komhlaba phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zamfudu zasolwandle. Ngakho-ke, leli qiniso liyathusa futhi libonisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abatholakala ezindaweni zokuhlala, okubonisa usongo lokuqothulwa.
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