Impisi yase-Ethiopia (Canis simensis), eyaziwa nangokuthi impisi yase-Abyssinian, i-Abyssinian fox, i-jackal ebomvu, i-Symensky fox, noma i-Symensky jackal, imele uhlobo lwe-canine genus oluvela e-Afrika. Amagama amaningi abonisa ukungaqiniseki kwangaphambilini mayelana nesikhundla sayo se-taxonomic, kuze kube muva nje lapho bekukholelwa ukuthi impisi yase-Ethiopia ihambisana kakhulu nezimpungushe, ngoba ifana kakhulu nayo, hhayi nge-genus Canis (izimpisi).
Impisi yase-Itiyopiya ayisiyena kuphela umuntu omele umndeni wayo ohlala e-Afrika, kodwa futhi iyinhlobo eyivelakancane ebhalwe kwi-Red Book. Ngokokunye ukulinganisela, inani lezinhlobo lilonke lingabantu abangama-600.
Ngokwesimo somzimba nosayizi, impungushe ebomvu ifana kakhulu ne-coyote noma i-fox, inemilenze emide kanye nesigaxa eside, esikhombe. Owesilisa unesisindo kusuka ku-16 kuya ku-19 kg, okuyi-20% ngaphezulu kwesisindo sowesifazane. Ubude bomzimba bungasukela ku-84 kuya ku-102 cm, ubude bomsila kusuka ku-27 kuye ku-40 cm.
Isidumbu esingaphezulu nesiqalo sipendwe ngombala obomvu okhanyayo - umbala obomvu, isisu, isilevu, ingaphakathi lama-paws nengaphakathi kwezindlebe ezikhonjisiwe kumhlophe, nomsila we-fluffy umnyama. Isikhumba sinezinwele ezimfishane nengaphansi elingaphansi elivikela impisi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, aze afike ku-15 ° C. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, izinsikazi ziba phuzi ngokwedlulele, kanti amawundlu abe namajazi amnyama ansundu.
Njengoba igama libonisa, lempisi igcwele izintaba zaseTopiya ezisendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-3 kuye kwangama-4,377 ngaphezu kolwandle. Njengamanje, zindawo eziyisikhombisa kuphela ezazihlala zodwa ezaziwayo, ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu e-Bale Mountain National Park (abantu abangaphezulu kwekhulu). Ngo-2008, isibalo sonke sabantu sathathwa njengabantu abangama-500 kuphela.
Impungushe ebomvu imvamisa ihlala e-Afro-Alpine evulekile, ithanda izindawo ezinezimila ezingekho ngaphezu kwama-25 cm nobukhulu bamagundane; ngezansi, izimpisi zase-Ethiopia azihlali esimeni sezulu esishisayo salesi sifunda se-Afrika.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi impisi yase-Itiyopiya ingumzingeli omahlalela yedwa, ihlala emaphaketheni anensimu yawo. Lokhu kwehlukile kunabaningi abazingela emphakathini abahlala ngamaqembu ngenhloso yokuzingela ndawonye. Bonke abantu abadala bayahamba babamake insimu yabo ekuseni kakhulu nakusihlwa, balale ndawonye, bakhungathekile ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka esivulekile, futhi basize ekukhuliseni izintokazi zensizwa ze-alpha. Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile kwezenhlalo phakathi kwamalungu eqembu elilodwa; babingelelana kakhulu ngemizwelo.
Abesilisa akuvamile ukuba bashiye umhlambi wabo, kanti abesifazane, njengoba sebefinyelele eminyakeni emibili, bashiya imindeni yabo ukuze bakwazi ukushada.
Phakathi kuka-Okthoba noDisemba, umhlambi wesifazane ovelele uletha izingane, imvamisa ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha kuletha udoti, ezisebenzisa amasonto azo okuqala zihlala emgodini. Kuze kufike kuma-70% wayo yonke into yokuza komzimba kwenzeka nabesilisa abavela emaqenjini angomakhelwane ukugwema ukuzalanisa (ukulala nesilisa). Amanye amalungu omhlambi asiza ukuvikela umhume ezinjeni nasezinyamazaneni zomhlaba. Ziphinde zidle ukudla kwemidlwane ezinyangeni ezine zokuqala zokuphila kwazo, futhi izinsikazi ezingaphansi kwesinye isikhathi zingancelisa ngisho nezinsikazi zezinsikazi ezinkulu kakhulu.
Ukudla kwempisi yase-Ethiopia kucishe kube kuphela ngamagundane. Olunye ucwaningo luveze ukuthi ama-rodents abiza ama-96% azo zonke izisulu, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yazo, yi-Big mole rat (enye yezinhlobo zamagundane emndenini we-mole rat). Ukwenza ngcono ukugaya, izimpisi zase-Ethiopia zabonwa zidla amaqabunga e-sedge.
Isibalo sezimpisi zase-Itiyopiya sehliswa ngokudabukisayo ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwendawo: Izimbali ze-alpine ziyanyamalala ngenxa yokushisa komhlaba kanye nokuhlala kwezindawo ezilungele ukuzingela ezolimo. Izifo ezidluliswa yizinja ezifuywayo nazo zaba nomthelela, njengoba ngonyaka we-1990 ubhubhane lwamarabi lwanciphisa inani labantu abaseBale Mountain National Park lisuka kuma-440 laya kubantu abangaphansi kuka-160 esikhathini esingaphansi kwesonto.
Ukukopisha okugcwele noma okuyingxenye kwezinto, kudingeka isixhumanisi esivumelekile esizeni se-UkhtaZoo.
Ukubukeka
Impungushe yase-Itiyopiya iyisilwane esinemilenze emide futhi emisebusweni obude, ukubukeka kwayo kucishe kujwayelekile emndenini wama-canine, umbala ubomvu ngombala, ngombala okhanyayo (ovame ukumhlophe), esifubeni nangaphakathi kwezitho, futhi abanye abantu banebala elikhanyayo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ingemuva kwezindlebe naphezulu komsila kumnyama. Isisindo sabesilisa silinganiselwa ku-16 kg, nabesifazane kube ngu-13 kg. Ukuphakama emahlombe kungama-60 cm.
Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nendlela yokuphila
Indawo yempungushe yaseTopiya idwengulwe yaphenduka imiphakathi eyisikhombisa ehlukene: emihlanu isenyakatho yomgwaqo wase-Ethiopia, kanti amabili ngobukhulu eningizimu (yonke indawo yase-Ethiopia). Phakathi kwezimpisi ezihlala ezinhlangothini ezihlukile zeRift Valley, kunenkimbinkimbi yokuhlukahluka okuncane kodwa okuphikelelayo. Ngakho-ke, le ndawo ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili zodwa kulo lonke iPleistocene.
Impungushe yase-Ethiopia ikhethekile ngokwezemvelo: ihlala kuphela ezindaweni ezingenamuntu endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-3,000 nangaphezulu, endaweni yamamitha alpine, ngezansi, esimweni sezulu esishisayo salesi sifunda se-Afrika, lezi zilwane azinakuphila.
Lolu hlobo lwendawo futhi luyinto eyodwa. Izilwane ezincane zivame ukuhlala ezindaweni zazo zokuzalwa, zihlangana emhlambini wabantu aba-2-8. Abesifazane bashiya indawo abazalelwe kuyo phambilini kunabesilisa, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukubonwa kokuphakama kwamadoda ngaphezulu kwabesifazane kuyaqapheleka.
Cishe ama-95% okudla kwalaba bantu abahlaselayo angamagundane. Bazingela ngegundane elikhulu lase-Afrika [ chaza ], osisindo sawo singafinyelela kumagremu angama-300- 900, nabanye abamele umndeni Bathyergidae [ chaza ], kanye namagundane amancane nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamagundane. Izimpungushe zase-Ethiopia kwesinye isikhathi zibamba ama-hares, ama-antelope amancane, noma amawundlu ezinhlobo ezinkulu ezinjenge-nyala esezintabeni. Isisulu sizingelwa endle, ngenkathi sizingela, siqaqa kancane kuze kube yilapho sebesebangeni lokujikijela kokugcina (amamitha angama-5 - 20). Bangakwazi nokubamba inyamazane kusuka emigodini yobumba, noma ngezikhathi ezithile bachathe u-carrion. Amacala okuzingela imfuyo ayivelakancane. Abantu base-Oromo eningizimu yeTopiya babiza lesi silo ngokuthi “impungushe yamahhashi,” ngenxa yemikhuba yabo yokuhamba namahabhu akhulelwe nezinkomo, ukuze kuthi ngemuva kokubeletha badle i-placenta elahliwe.
Impungushe yase-Ethiopia ingumhlaseli wesikhathi sasemini, okuyinto engajwayelekile neze kubantu abazingela lolu hlobo lobuhlanga.
Ukuzala
Ukuhluma kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, inzalo izalwa ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili. Esihlokweni, kukhona kusuka ezinhlwini ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha ezondliwa yiwo wonke amalungu epakethe. Imvamisa kuphela i-alpha pair (umholi nentokazi yakhe) ezifuywayo. Intsha iqala ukuhamba nephakethe kusukela inezinyanga eziyisithupha, kodwa iba ngabantu abadala ngokugcwele ineminyaka emibili kuphela.
Imvelo nokulondolozwa
Kubo bonke abantu abayisikhombisa, munye kuphela, osezintabeni zeBale, unabantu abangaphezu kwekhulu, inani lezinhlobo licishe libe ngabantu abadala abangama-600. Izici ezinamandla kakhulu ezisongela ukuba khona kwezinhlobo zezinto ezinobubanzi obuwumngcingo obukhulu kakhulu (imithambeka yezintaba kuphela enesimo sezulu esipholile, indawo yaso esishwabanayo ngenxa yokushisa komhlaba), ukuhlalwa kwezindawo ezilungele ukuzingela ezolimo, kanye nezifo ezithathwa yizimpisi ezivela ezinjeni ezifuywayo: ngokwesibonelo, Ngo-1990, ubhubhane lwamarabi lwanciphisa inani elikhulu kakhulu labantu (e-Bale Mountain National Park lisuka ku-440 laba ngaphansi kwabantu abangama-160 esikhathini esingaphansi kwesonto. Ngokuthabisisayo, le paki yadalwa ngo-1970 ukuvikela impungushe yase-Ethiopia kanye nentaba) Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iWolf yaseTopiya yabiza i-symenskoy fox ezintabeni zaseSemien abantu bayo ayinakwa.
Impungushe yase-Ethiopia ibhalwe ku-Red Book njengezinhlobo ezisengozini, njengoba ngonyaka we-2003, akekho noyedwa owayegcinwe ekudingisweni.
Abamele abantu be-Oromo, amazwe abo impungushe yase-Itiyopiya ehlala emhlabeni wabo, musa ukubamba ubutha obuthile kuye - vele, uma nje lesi silo singazihluphi imihlambi yabo. Ngokuqondene nezinye izinhlanga, ngezikhathi ezithile zizingela impoqo yase-Itiyopiya ngoba zibonisa ukuthi ziyaphilisa esibindini.
Impisi yase-Itiyopiya: ifana ngani lempungushe?
Impisi yase-Ethiopia ibizwa nangokuthi i-jackal ebomvu noma impungushe yase-Ethiopia. Lesi silwane siyindlala eTopiya. Izimpungushe ezibomvu zihlala ema-Afrika Alps.
Ekuqaleni, izinhlobo zazingezimpungushe, kodwa ngemuva kokuyihlolisisa i-DNA kwatholakala ukuthi izimpisi zase-Ethiopia zihlobene nezimpisi ezimpunga.
Amaqiniso nge-Wolf yaseTopiya
I-Canis simensis, i-oda - I-Carnivor, umndeni: ICanidae, enye yezinhlobo eziyi-8 zohlobo lweCanus
Ukubhebhetheka: izintaba maphakathi neTopiya.
Indawo yokuhlala: amadlelo, izindawo ezinotshani kanye nama-moorlands angaphezu kuka-3000 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ubukhulu: ubude bomzimba 84-100 cm, ubude bomsila 27-40 cm, ukuphakama kubuna ama-53-62 cm, isisindo esingu-11-20 kg, abesilisa ngokwesilinganiso bangu-20% omkhulu kunabesifazane.
Incazelo: ijazi libomvu ngombala onsundu ngombala ongaphansi obomvu, isilevu, izinhlangothi zangaphakathi zezindlebe, isifuba nezitho ezingezansi zomzimba zimhlophe, zigqoke ihembe elimhlophe ngaphambili.
Yidla ikakhulukazi amagundane namanye amagundane.
Ukuzala: Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-62, ku-brood of 2-6 cubs.
Isimo Sokulondolozwa: ukubuka kusondele ekuqothulweni
Umzingeli wamagundane ongenakuqhathaniswa (isakhiwo nemisebenzi)
Ukuphinda kubonakale ama-coyotes ngokubukeka nosayizi, laba bameleli abasemazingeni aphakathi nabanemizila emide emndenini we-canine basabhekiswa ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene: Abaphenyi bokuqala kanye nezazi zebhayoloji babebabiza ngezimpisi ze-Abyssinian, izimpungushe ze-Simep, izimpungushe ezibomvu noma izimpungushe zase-Ethiopia. Ukudideka kwamagama kubangelwa ukuthi yize ingeyonhlobo lweCanus, lo msebenzi wokuzingela impisi yase-Ethiopia kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle, kufana ne-fox enkulu. Izindlebe ezibanzi ezibanzi, ugebhezi olude, isikhumbuzo esicijile namazinyo amancane, ahlukaniswe kabanzi - konke lokhu kufanele ukuzingela izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane
Impisi yase-Ethiopia ingabonakala lapho iwela amathafa asezintabeni, izingela amagundane abusayo. Kuyabonakala ngenxa yobomvu bawo obuqhakazile ngombala omhlophe. Izinto eziphambili zokuzingela yigundane lase-Ethiopia kanye nezinhlobo eziningana zamagundane otshani.
Umphakathi ohlangene (indlela yokuziphatha yenhlalo)
Izimpisi zisebenza kakhulu phakathi nosuku, futhi nokuvumelanisa umsebenzi wazo nomsebenzi wamagundwane asemhlabeni. Ukuzingela ingxenye enkulu yodwa, kwesinye isikhathi bahlangana ngamaqembu ukuxosha amathole asezintabeni, imbuzi yeswidi (iRedunca redunca), iStark hare (iLepus starcki) ne-dana (Procavia babessinica).
Umhlambi uvame ukuba nabantu abathathu abavuthiwe (kwabangu-6 ngokwesilinganiso), kufaka phakathi abesilisa abathathu nabahlobene nabesifazane abangama-1-8, abaneminyaka engu-1 kuya kwayi-1 kanye nemidlwane. Indawo yokuhlala incane, ngesilinganiso samakhilomitha ayi-6.4 ezindaweni ezicebile ngezinsizakusebenza zokudla, kepha ifinyelela kumakhilomitha ayi-15 ezindaweni ezinenamba ephansi yokuphangwa. Yize insimu kwesinye isikhathi ibukeka ingaphili, inani eliphelele lamagundane kulo lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-10,000 kg.
Njengoba izindawo zokuhlala ezingathathanga ezicebile zingajwayelekile, umhlambi uyaphoqelelwa ukuthi uvikele amasayithi awo kubantu bangaphandle. Izimpisi zichitha ekuseni kakhulu nakusihlwa zizungeza leyo ndawo futhi zimaka imingcele, zisebenzisa umchamo, ukukhubazeka nokubhala lokhu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kombhangqwana ongomakhelwane, izilwane zisebenzisa imicikilisho eyenziwe ngokwesiko: ukusongela ngokubeka phansi nokuphimisa amagama, ukugwema ukuthintana ngqo, isigameko sivame ukuphela ngendiza yeqembu elincane, ngenxa yalokho lingalahlekelwa indawo yalo.
Impisi, enjengempungushe ilungele kahle amagundane okuzingela nezinye izinduku ezincane ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, amandla ezilwane okusinda aboniswa kakhulu ngezenzo zabantu. Isibalo sezimpisi ezindala ezisele manje silinganiswa ngamakhulu kunokuba kube yinkulungwane.
Abesilisa abahlali, kepha hlalani emhlambini, lapho isilinganiso sobulili siguqukele khona - 2,5: 1. Abesifazane abangaphezulu kwengxenye bahlala ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibili futhi babe “ngabokufika”, bahlala izingxenye ezincane phakathi kwezindawo zemihlambi kuze kube yilapho kukhululwa “indawo” yokuzalanisa kwenye yazo. Izimpisi ezihleliwe zihlala zingenandawo lapho zingaya khona, futhi inketho embi kunazo zonke ukuya endaweni yasemapulazini, ngakho izilwane zihamba kuphela uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
Izinsikazi ezivelele zomhlambi ngamunye zingaletha amawundlu kanye ngonyaka ukusuka ngo-Okthoba kuze kube nguDisemba (60% wabo bonke abantu besifazane ababamba iqhaza ekuzaleni). Wonke amalungu epakethe agada umhume futhi aletha inyamazane yokondla izinjana aze afike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala.
Njengamanye amawundlu e-canine, amawundlu ezimpisi ase-Ethiopia anobuhlobo obusondelene nobqhubekayo nonina. Ukuzalela abesifazane kuphela okuvelele, yize amanye amalungu ephakethe eletha inyamazane, esiza ukondla inzalo ngemuva kokuqunjelwa kwengqondo isiqediwe - imvamisa isondele kumaviki awu-10 ubudala.
Izinsikazi ezingaphansi kakhulu zivame ukusiza abesifazane abaphambili ukuthi bondle amawundlu abo. Owesifazane ozalisayo ngemuva kokushona uvame ukushintshwa yindodakazi yakhe esezingeni eliphakeme. Lolu hlelo olubonakala lukhona kalula lungaba nemiphumela emibi uma izintokazi zishada nabesilisa bephakethe labo - okukhona obaba, abafowethu noma omalume. Kodwa-ke, zigwema ingozi yokuzalela ngenxa yohlelo lokuzala olungafani nalutho, olwehlukile ku-monogamy, ejwayelekile yamakhompiyutha amaningi aqhuma. Ukuqothula kwenzeka ekupheleni kwenkathi yemvula, lapho abesifazane besifazane abavuthiwe kakhulu ngokobulili befika njalo kuma-estrus ahlala ama-2-5. Abesifazane bafuna ngenkuthalo ukuxhumana nabantu besilisa abangomakhelwane, amaqembu abo ashaqa insimu efuna abesifazane abalungile. Njengomphumela walokhu, kufika kuma-70% wokukhwelana kwabantu besilisa kungaqhamuka kulo mhlambi.
Izinja ezincane kunazo zonke (isimo semvelo)
Ukuba khona kwezimpisi zaseTopiya kudinga izimo ezithile, okuyi-atypical for yonke eminye iminjunju. Ukudla ngokukhethekile kubabeke emaphethelweni wokuqothuka: abantu abancane bayachithakala kodwa bahlukaniswe ngendawo yokuhlala yabo. Ngenxa yalokhu, sekuyisikhathi eside kuthathwa njengento engavamile; yabekwa ezinhlwini zalabo abadinga ukuvikelwa emuva ngo-1938.
Kulezi zinsuku, usongo lokuqothulwa ngokuphelele selukhuphuke kakhulu ngenxa yentuthuko yezolimo kanye nokudla ngokweqile emadlelweni asezintabeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpisi zasinda ngohlobo lwabantu abancane eziqhingini zemvelo ezihlukile ezingathintwanga ngumsebenzi womuntu, okwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuqothulwa. Ukuchayeka kwezifo ze-canine kanye nokwenziwa kabusha kwe-hybridization ngezinja ezifuywayo yizinto ezingezinhle ezivelayo lapho ukuxhumana nabantu kukhuphuka. Ngokunikezwe ukuthi azikho ngaphezu kwezimpisi ezingama-500 ezisindile, usongo lokuba khona kwalolu hlobo luphakeme kakhulu kuzo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlanzekile.
Incazelo ye-Ethiopia Wolf
Ngaphandle, izimpungushe zase-Ethiopia zihlukile kwezinye izimpungushe ngosayizi wobuso bazo namazinyo amancane. Ubude bomzimba bufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-100, futhi ukuphakama emahlombe ngamasentimitha angama-50-60. Abesilisa cishe bangu-20% omkhulu kunabesifazane. Abesilisa banesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-15 - 19, nesisindo somzimba sowesifazane sisuka ku-11 kuye ku-14 kilos. Umsila umswakama, amasentimitha angama-25-33 ubude. Amade amade.
Umbala womzimba wezimpungushe ezibomvu ubomvu-golide, isisu simhlophe. Kukhona amabala amhlophe esihlathini, isisekelo somsila nawo simhlophe, kanti ichopho limnyama.
I-Ethopian Jackals L Indlelayle
Izimpungushe ezibomvu zihlala ezindaweni eziphakemeyo, emathafeni asezintabeni nasezintabeni ezinotshani obuphansi. Zitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ukusuka ku-3,000 kuya ku-4,3 metres.
Izimpisi zase-Itiyopiya ziphila impilo yansuku zonke, zikhombisa nemisebenzi kusihlwa. Abantu abadala kanye nabantu abasha balala ngamaqembu amakhulu, kuyilapho begoba ibhola.
Impungushe yase-Ethiopia (Canis simensis).
Izimpisi zabantu abadala zihlola imingcele yendawo bese ziyimaka. Umndeni wezimpisi ususungule ukuxhumana nabantu, futhi emhlanganweni amalungu aleli qembu abingelelana ngomsindo.
Izimpungushe zase-Itiyopiya emigodini yamadwala namawa. Uma imisele isezindaweni ezinotshani, inezindlela ezimbalwa zokuphuma.
Isisulu esikhulu sezimpungushe ezibomvu izinduku, zakha cishe 90% wokudla. Izimbangi zibheka amagundane otshani wase-Afrika, amagundane nama-hares amakhulu. Futhi okunye okunye kokudla kuqukethe izalotshana ezincane, isibonelo, izinyamazane zakwaNyala kanye nezimbuzi zomhlanga.
Ezincwadini, lesi silwane esihlaselayo sibizwa nangokuthi impisi yase-Ethiopia, i-Ethiopia noma i-Symen fox.
Izimpisi zase-Itiyopiya azingeli ama-rodents hhayi ngamaqembu, kodwa ngawodwana, okuwahlukanisa kokunye kwiphakethe labazingeli. Ama-hares nezinsizwa ezindizayo ngezinye izikhathi angazingelwa ndawonye emihlanjini emincane. Ukuzwa nombono walaba bantu abazingelayo kukhule kahle, ngenxa yokuthi bangakwazi ukuthola inyamazane ezindaweni ezivulekile. Bangakwazi nokumba izisulu emhlabathini. Bangcwaba izinsalela zezinyamazane emhlabathini noma baphonse imfucuza yemifino.
Imvamisa lezi zidla zancintisana ukudla nezinja zasendle, kepha isitha esikhulu umuntu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwezimpisi zase-Ethiopia yiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili nane.
Okushiwo Izimpisi Zase-Ethiopia
Ososayensi bahlukanisa izingcingo ezi-2 zezimpungushe ezibomvu:
• C. s. AmaCiternii ahlala engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yesigodi, iRift
• I-Canis simensis simensis itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho yesigodi.
Izilwane ezincane zivame ukuhlala ezindaweni zazo zokuzalwa, zihlangana emhlambini wabantu aba-2-8.
Isakhiwo senhlalo yezimpungushe ezibomvu
Lezi zidlakela zikhombisa ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile komphakathi. Bahlala emaqenjini emindeni yabantu abangu-6-13, kuyilapho amalungu eqembu ehlobene kakhulu. Umhlambi wezimpungushe ezibomvu, njengomthetho, uqukethe abantu abalandelayo: cishe izimpisi ezindala ezi-6, kusuka kuzimpisi ezineminyaka engu-1 kuya kwelezi-6 nezimveku ezineminyaka engama-7.
Abesilisa ngemuva kokuthomba abayishiyi imihlambi yabo. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabesilisa iyabusa, kanti abanye bangaphansi, kodwa umuntu ongaphansi ngemuva kokufa kowesilisa we-alpha angathatha isikhundla sakhe. Abanye besifazane bashiya umhlambi wabo balindele ukufa kowesifazane ovelele, bese bezama ukuthatha indawo yowesifazane oyinhloko bese beqala ukuzala. Phakathi kwabesifazane abadala, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu nayo ingabantu besifazane, futhi abesifazane abasezikhundleni eziphansi abakwazi ukuzishada.
Impungushe yase-Ethiopia ikhethekile ngokwezemvelo, ihlala kuphela ezindaweni ezingenamuntu endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-3,000 nangaphezulu.
Amalungu omhlambi ahlala emaka imingcele yendawo yawo ngobulongwe nangomchamo. Baphinde basebenzise amamaki ezibukwayo, okungukuthi, bhala izihlahla bakhale. Izimpungushe ezibomvu ziyakwazi ukwenza izinhlobo eziningana zemisindo. Lapho abantu abangajwayelekile behlangana, baqala ukuhhewula, futhi le ngoma iphetha ngamamatheke.
Izimpisi zase-Ithiyopiya zikhala kakhulu, izwi labo lizwakala kude ngamamitha ayi-5.
Izinzuzo nokulimala kwezimpisi zase-Ethiopia kubantu
Izimpungushe ezibomvu azisongeli izilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa kwezinye izingxenye zobubanzi abantu basaqhubeka nokulandela lezi zidlakela. Lezi zilwane zithwala amarabi, futhi ngenxa yalokho zingaba yingozi kubantu.
Uboya bezimpisi base-Ethiopia abunakwa.
Isimo Sabantu Ab red Jackal
Izimpisi zase-Ithiyopiya ziyizidalwa ezingandile ezitholakala kwi-Red Book yamazwe omhlaba. Inani lezimpungushe ezibomvu lisukela kubantu abangama-300-500.
Usongo olukhulu kubantu ukulahleka kwezindawo zokuhlala, ezihambisana nokwakhiwa kwamapulazi ezimvu, ezolimo kanye nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo. Futhi, izimpisi zase-Ethiopia zibulawa yizifo ezahlukahlukene: isifo se-canine, amarabi nokunye. Ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kwenzeka futhi ngenxa yokuwela izimpungushe nezinja zasendaweni nokuzalwa kwabantu aba-hybrid.
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