SkodaKodiaq Umhlangano waseRussia usungowokubonga okufinyeleleka kakhulu kwi-front-wheel drive, hhayi ukukhiqizwa emabhizinisini aseRussia, njengoba iningi labashayeli bezimoto licabanga.
Hlola IDrayivuSkodaKodiaq esimweni sezulu esibi saseRussia kusize ekuboneni amaphutha amaningi we-crossover entsha. Abazange beze emazweni anesimo sezulu esiphansi nemigwaqo esezingeni eliphakeme. Lolu lwazi ngokuqinisekile luzosiza abalandeli balolu hlobo abakulungele ukuba ngabanikazi abajabulayo bomuntu omuhle waseCzech SkodaKodiaq.
Amagama atshazayo mayelana SkodaKodiaq, sekuyisikhathi sokucabanga kokudonswa komthengi omusha. Kunzima ukubiza amaphutha abucayi, kepha ukujwayelana nolwazi lweqiniso ngaphambi kokuthenga kude nemoto eshibhile kuzoba wusizo olungenakuphikwa.
Kwi-drive drive, kusetshenziswe inguqulo ephezulu. SkodaKodiaq egunjini lenjini lapho kubhaliswe khona injini eshintshiwe kaphethiloli enobukhulu bamalitha ayi-2.0 namandla angamahashi angama-180. Izindleko SkodaKodiaq ngokwemininingwane etholakalayo imayelana nama-dollar ayi-38,000 aseMelika. Cabanga ngemizuzu eyi-10 ephezulu SkodaKodiaq, ukhonjwe ngesikhathi sedrayivu yokuhlola.
- I -backback yokuqala ye-crossover ubukhulu bayo obukhulu, noma kunjalo, kubanikazi abaningi, amasayizi amakhulu ahlanganisa. SkodaKodiaq Ngaphezu kobukhulu bomzimba obuhlaba umxhwele, ubuye uqhoshe nengaphakathi eliqhakazile. Isaladi leSkoda Kodiak libanzi futhi lingakwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abadala aba-5. Ubukhulu obukhulu edolobheni baphenduka umdwebo obalulekile ngenxa yezinkinga zokupaka.
- Okubi okwesibili abasizi abangasebenzi, omsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukusiza umshayeli ukupaka ezimeni eziqinile. Ngaphandle ezibukweni azikwazi ukuthwebula isithombe sonke ngokwenzekayo.
- Ngoba SkodaKodiaq fogging of opics kuyinto sici. Inkinga ukufakwa uphawu ngokungeyikho kwe-opics. Mhlawumbe kungekudala nje inkampani yaseCzech izoqala ukukhumbula izimoto ukuqeda lesi siphene. Kuyiqiniso, kunzima ukukholwa ukukhula kwesimo esinjalo.
- Izihloko eziphezulu SkodaKodiaq enamawindi aseceleni we-chrome. Izinto ze-Chrome ziqala "ukuqhakaza" ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okuncane, okuthinta kabi ingaphandle lomzimba wonke. Ngokusho kwabathengisi, lokhu kubuya emuva kokusetshenziswa kwama-shampoos anolaka ekuhlanzeni izimoto.
- Isakhiwo semultimedia ephezulu SkodaKodiaq okubiza ama- $ 1,000 kupholile ngokungenakuphikwa. Kuyafuneka ukuthi uqaphele ukuzulazula okuhle kakhulu, izikhulumi ezisezingeni eliphakeme kanye ne-subwoofer. Kepha ukuvumelanisa nge-smartphone kwembula izinkinga. Inketho engcono kakhulu kungaba ukukhetha i-multimedia tata.
- Egcekeni lemithwalo SkodaKodiaq Kukhona amanetha amathathu okulungisa imithwalo. Enye yamanetha okuqinisa isisetshenziswa esingenamsebenzi ngoba akunakwenzeka ukukunamathisela. Igridi enkulu kakhulu ebeka phezulu iveze namaphutha, ngosizo lwayo kuphela izinto ezinkulu ezinamathiselwe.
- Kubukezwa uSkoda Kodiak bonisa ukuthi isaluni enobukhulu obukhulu ebusika ngemuva kokuba semgwaqweni ivutha isikhathi eside. Kwezinye izindaba, lebackback ibonakala yanoma iyiphi imoto ephelele. Iqiniso ku SkodaKodiaq Lokhu kususwa kudluliswa ngempumelelo ngenxa yokubakhona kohlelo lwezigaba ezintathu zokushisa izihlalo nesondo lokuqondisa.
- Ukuze bangenzi kahle SkodaKodiaq zihlobene nomgomo wokusebenza kwamabhuleki wokupaka kagesi. Kwamanye amamodeli, akuvali kuze kube yilapho umshayeli efaka ibhande lesihlalo. SkodaKodiaq iqala ukuhamba ngokukhululeka uma umshayeli engazange asimbambe ibhande lesihlalo sayo.
- Akunandaba ukukhetha uSkoda Kodiak Ineqhaza lokulawula ukuhamba ngesikebhe okuqinile, okuthi ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima ze-traffic lenze umsebenzi omuhle. Uma imoto ime ngenxa yemoto ngaphambili, ungaqhubeka nokushayela kuphela ngokucindezela i-accelerator. Le nkinga ithinta izimoto eziningi zesimanje SkodaKodiaq okhathalelayo kakhulu, ohlakaniphile futhi ocabangi ngokungafani nabancintisana abaningi.
- Ukhiye wokugcina otholakalayo kuzo zonke izimoto wukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kophethiloli kuqhathaniswa nomenzi owazisiwe. Njengomthetho, leli phutha lisuka ku-10 laya ku-20%. Ezimweni zasemadolobheni SkodaKodiaq Idla amalitha angama-15 kaphethiloli ngekhilomitha eyi-100 esikhundleni se-9 esimisiwe.
Ukufingqa, kungaphawulwa ukuthi SkodaUkuhlolwa kwe-Kodiaq Kwakufanele, futhi imali etholakalayo ayigxeki futhi inxephezelwa ngokuphelele ngamaploses amaningi. Ukucaciswa kweSkoda Kodiak, ikhwalithi yokwakha kanye nezinto zokuqeda ezisetshenziswayo kuyancomeka. Intuthuko ibonwa kuzo zonke izici ngokungathandeki.
SkodaKodiaq Ungasebenzi ezimotweni zeprimiyamu, kepha isisebenzi sikahulumeni asinjalo. Abaqambi nabaklami baseCzech bakwazile ukudala imoto yanamuhla yokuncintisana ngokubukeka okumangazayo nemishini yokudala izinto ezintsha. Inkampani inethemba eliphezulu SkodaKodiaqukuthi i-crossover ingazithethelela.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
I-Kodiak isilwane esikhulu esinezilwane ezihlelekile ngokuhleleka komndeni, umndeni webhere, nohlobo lwamabhere. Uyi-subspecies yamabhele ansundu, ngakho-ke unokufana okuningi nabafowabo. Isikhathi eside, ososayensi babecabanga ukuthi isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu se-Kodiak yisimanga. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokwenza isifundo samangqamuzana, kwavela ukuthi i-Kodiaks ihlobene kakhulu ne-Kamchatka brown bear, ibhere elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Eurasia.
Lokhu kwenza ukuthi bacabange ukuthi okhokho bama-Kodiaks beza esiqhingini saseNyakatho Melika bevela eMpumalanga Ekude, njengoba kwenza abomdabu. Amabhere afika kulesi siqhingi ngesikhathi lesi siqhingi sixhunyaniswe yi-isthmus ezweni elingumhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, i-isthmus yagcwala izikhukhula, futhi amabhere asala engxenyeni yesiqhingi.
Ividiyo: Kodiak
Indawo yokuhlala yiziqhingi zeziqhingi zase-Kodiak nesiqhingi se-Kodiak uqobo, eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Alaska. Igama lale subspecies ethi "Kodiak" cishe livela egameni lalesi siqhingi lapho lihlala khona nalapho ososayensi bathola khona okokuqala lokhu okubhaliwe. Ibhele elinsundu lawa eziqhingini zeziqhingi zase-Kodiak kudala. Kodwa-ke, yaqala ukuthuthuka yaba yindawo ehlukile engaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12,000 edlule. Ekuqhubekeni kwemvelo, ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezahlukahlukene, leli bhere lizofinyelela usayizi onjalo umxhwele, owesibili kuphela kubhele elikhephuli ngosayizi.
Izici ezithinta usayizi webhere:
- ukuntuleka kwezitha zemvelo
- ukufinyelela okulula kokudla okuningi
Lezi zilwane ziyafana ngosayizi ibhele elivele lashabalala elibhekene nobuso obufushane. Ososayensi bathole umuntu esiqhingini sobukhulu obukhulu, ongenamandla futhi osindayo. Isisindo kancane asifikanga ku-800 kg. Kwathi emva kweminyaka eminingana, abantu abahlala eduzane bathi lesi silwane asife kuphela, kodwa futhi sanda ngosayizi.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Isithombe: Kodiak Bear
U-Kodiak udlula bonke abafowabo ngosayizi. Ibhere elimhlophe kuphela, okuyisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke emndenini, esidala ukuncintisana ngaye.
- ubude bomzimba - kufika kumamitha amathathu,
- ukuphakama lapho kubuna - kuze kufike amasentimitha ayi-160,
- uzipho - kuze kufike amasentimitha ayi-15.
Abesilisa cishe baba amahlandla ama-2 kunezinsikazi. Isisindo esivamile sabesilisa ngamakhilogremu angama-500. Izinsikazi zifinyelela isisindo cishe ezingama-250 kilogramu. Isisindo esiphezulu samabhere sibonwa ngaphambi kokucwaswa. Kusukela eminyakeni eyisithupha ayisakhuli, iba mdala ngokuphelele. Ososayensi bayazi ukuthi kutholakala ukuthi kunesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-780, okuthi ngokwezakhamizi zakule ndawo, sikhulu kakhulu.
Isizungulu esikhulu ngokushesha sidonsela ukunaka. Amehlo ahlukane ngokubuka okungcono. Umbala wazo onsundu. Ikhanda lihlala likhanya ukwedlula wonke umzimba. Kulokhu wehluka esihlotsheni sakhe - ibhere elimnandi. Ukwakha kujwayelekile ngokwanele wonke amabhere ansundu. Une-turso ecwebile, enemisipha enezinyawo ezinde, ezinamandla nekhanda elikhulu. Ingalo yangemuva yangemuva ibonakala ngesikhumba esinzima kakhulu, esivumela ukubekezelela ukubanda nomswakama kalula. Umsila umfishane futhi awenzi imisebenzi esebenzayo.
Leli bhere linemisipha enamandla eyanele enamazinyo abukhali, angaluma kalula hhayi nje yisiphi isitshalo, kodwa futhi nanoma yimaphi amathambo. Imiphetho yaleli bhere inesici esingajwayelekile - iyakwazi ukubuyeka, ifike kumasentimitha ayi-15 ubude futhi ibukhali kakhulu. Iphunga elihle kakhulu nokuzwa okuhle kakhulu kunxenxa umbono ophansi, kumenze umhlaseli oyingozi kakhulu.
Ijazi lika-Kodiak lingobude obuphakathi, kepha lingubukhulu. I-Fur iza ezinhlobonhlobo zemibala e-brown: kusuka ku-beige kuye kumnyama. Umbala ovame kakhulu onsundu omnyama, yize emvelweni kunabantu bombala obomvu.
Eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila, amawundlu aba nendandatho ezungeze intamo eyenziwe ngoboya obumhlophe. Njengoba ikhula, iyanyamalala. Isici esijabulisayo: amabhere engxenye engasenyakatho yesiqhingi anejazi elimnyama, uma liqhathaniswa nezakhamizi zaseningizimu. Isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-27 emadodeni nakwiminyaka engama-34 kwabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, lo nyaka ufinyelele kwi-10% nje kuphela kuwo wonke amawundlu azelwe, ngoba lolu hlobo lunamanani aphezulu okufa kwabantu.
Ngabe uhlala kuphi?
Isithombe: Giant Kodiak Bear
I-Kodiak, njengoba negama libonisa, ihlala kuphela esiQhingi se-Kodiak naseziqhingini eziseduze kwe-Kodiak Archipelago. Itholakala eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Alaska. Okungaphezulu kwaleli bhere akutholakali emhlabeni. Ngokusekelwe ekutheni i-Alaska ingeyase-United States of America, kungaphethwa ngokuthi ibhere ingowokudabuka eMelika. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bathola ukuthi izwe lale mabhele yiMpumalanga Ekude, futhi isihlobo esisondele kakhulu ibhele le-Kamchatka brown.
Njengoba insimu ilinganiselwe, uhla lwebhele ngalinye lincane kakhulu ngosayizi, ngokwesibonelo, ibhere elimnyama. Iqiniso elithandekayo, kepha uma behlangana, ama-Kodiaks awalweli indawo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwe-salmon, i-Alaskan ithwala isixuku siya emachibini ukuyodoba. Ibhere likhetha ukuhlala eduze kwemithombo yokudla. Futhi ishintsha indawo lapho kuphela ukudla kwayo kunganele ngenxa yesizini, kodwa kuphela kububanzi bayo.
Abesifazane banamathele kakhulu kumama futhi bazama ukungayi kude naye, noma sebevuthiwe. Owesilisa, okuphambene nalokho, ubalekela indawo ahlala kuyo yangaphambilini, afinyelela eminyakeni emi-3. I-Kodiak ithanda ubusika emihumeni etholakele. Uma engayitholi, ibhere iyazihlomisa ngothango, iluleke ngamahlamvu omile notshani.
Ngabe udlani?
Isithombe: UBrown bear Kodiak
I-Kodiak, njengawo wonke amabhere, imvamisa kakhulu. Angakudla ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Lezi amabhere bangabazingeli abahle kakhulu, njengoba iphunga labo likhulu ngokuphindwe kane kune-canine. Bangakwazi ukuzingela inyamazane nezimbuzi zasezintabeni, kodwa akuwona wonke amabhere akwenzayo lokhu.
Entwasahlobo, ukudla kwebhele kuyinto u-carrion, utshani obuncane kanye ne-algae. Ngemuva kwe-hibernation, ibhere idinga ukuthola kabusha amandla ayo, ngoba ukusinda kwabo okuqhubekayo kuxhomeke kulokhu. Njengoba indawo yokuhlala kwaleli bhere isondelene nolwandle iPacific, isisekelo sokudla kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba izinhlanzi, izinhlobo ezahlukene zesalimoni. Amabhere aya kwizindawo zokugcina amanzi ezingekho emgodini, emfuleni futhi alinde izinhlanzi. Bangakwazi ukubamba emanzini bese bebamba indiza lapho inhlanzi inqoba ababanjiwe.
Ekwindla, ukudla kwabo kugcwaliswa amakhowe namantongomane. Amabhere kufanele afakwe emafutheni ngaphambi kokuzilibazisa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngeke babe nokudla kwabo okulandelayo kuze kube izinyanga ezi-5 ngemuva kokuzilibazisa. Le nkinga ibucayi ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, ngoba kuzofanela bondle amazinyane abo bonke ubusika.
Ama-Kodiaks angashintsha kancane indawo ahlala kuyo unyaka wonke, afune imikhiqizo engaba ngamanani amancane. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise ukudla futhi usebenzise ngokunenzuzo. Ukuchichima kokudla nokutholakala kwaso kwenza ukuba la mabhere akwazi ukufinyelela usayizi onjalo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Le ndlela engaphansi kwamabhere ihola indlela yokuphila efana neyabanye babafowabo. Baphila impilo bebodwa. Okuwukuphela kwento eyingqayizivele imibhangqwana ngesikhathi sokuzalela kwezinsikazi nezinsikazi ezinamathole. Ibhere ngalinye linendawo yalo yokuhlala, yize incane kakhulu kunalokho, ngokwesibonelo, ibhere elimnyama. Indawo yabesilisa icishe ibe izikhathi ezi-2 kunale yabesifazane. Ibhere liyayisho indawo yalo, liyimaka. Ingagxila odakeni, imake ngomchamo noma ihlikihle emithini, ishiye iphunga layo. Lokhu kuvumela abanye amabhere ukuba baqonde ukuthi le ndawo kuhlala kuyo. Noma lapho amabhere amabili ehlangana endaweni eyodwa, ngeke ayilwele, kodwa ahlakazeke ngokuthula.
I-Kodiak ihola ikakhulukazi isikhathi sasemini, kodwa ingaphuma iyokondla ngisho nasebusuku. Kuthunyelwe kuphela endaweni ahlala kuyo efuna ukudla okwenzeka ngesizini futhi ayikwazi ukufuduka isikhathi eside. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo sokuqala, sithwala ubusika bese uhlala kuso kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amabhere aqoqe ezitolo ezinamafutha ukuze aphile kuze kube intwasahlobo elandelayo. Noma endaweni yabo yokuhlala, igcwele ukudla, lokhu ngeke kube nzima. Imvamisa imibhoshongo emihumeni etholakele, kodwa futhi ingafakwa emgodini.
Bamphatha kabi umuntu. Kodwa-ke, uma bezwa ingozi, bangase bahlasele. Lapho ukhulumisana nabo, kufanele uzame ukungavumeli ukuba basondele, ngoba ngisho nentsha yalolu hlobo iphakeme kakhulu kunomuntu ngamandla nobukhulu. Uma ibhele lisondela, kufanele uzame ukumethusa ngokukhala, ungazami ukubaleka futhi uhambe ngokuzolile, ungakhombisi inhloso yokuhlasela.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Kodiak Bear
Isikhathi sokukhwelana kwe-Kodiak siqala maphakathi noMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho inani elikhulu kakhulu lokudla libonwa. Lolu hlobo lwamabhere lunencintiswano ephansi kowesifazane, ngoba owesilisa ngamunye uthola owesifazane oyedwa kuphela ngokuzalela. Umbhangqwana okhona ungahlala ndawonye kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa.
Ama-Kodiak abesifazane, njengezinye izinhlobo zebhere, abonisa ukubambezeleka kokufakwa kwe-umbungu esibelethweni. Ngakho-ke iqanda elinengalo liqala ukukhula kuphela ekupheleni kukaNovemba. Ukuzalwa kwezingane kwenzeka ngoJanuwari noma ngoFebhuwari, kunoma yikuphi, ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi isezingeni lokubeletha. Kwelitha elilodwa, kuzalwa cishe amawundlu angama-2-3. Ngaso sonke isikhathi kuze kube entwasahlobo bayodla kuphela ubisi lukamama. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma insikazi yenqaba amawundlu, elinye ibhere lingamyisa kuye.
Amawundlu anesilinganiso esiphakeme sokufa kwabantu. Cishe ama-50% amawundlu awahlali ngisho neminyaka emi-2. Labo abebekwazi ukusinda, bahlale nonina kuze kube yiminyaka emi-3, umama ubafundisa ukuzingela, ukuvikela kubantu abadala. Eminyakeni engu-3 ubudala, baba nokuzimela ngokuphelele futhi baqale izimpilo zabo. Abesifazane bafika ebusheni eneminyaka emi-4 ubudala, abesilisa babe neminyaka emi-5.
Idipper ingabeleka kuphela njalo emva kweminyaka emi-4 lapho isiqeda ukunakekela inzalo yangaphambilini. Ngenxa yesilinganiso sokuzala esiphansi nokufa okuphezulu, inani lale mabhere selulama kakhulu.
Izitha zemvelo ze-Kodiak
Endaweni ababehlala kuyo, ama-Kodiaks ayengenazitha zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, izimpilo zabo zisongelwa yizingozi ezinjengamaphara, izifo zesiningi, abazingeli kanye nabazingeli. Ngenxa yokuthi ubukhulu bokuhlala kwabo buphakeme kakhulu kunokwezinye izinto zamabhere, izifo ezinkulukazi zikhula ngokushesha kuzo.
Okuningi kungabulala amabhere angaphezu kwekhulu, okuzothinta ngenkani inani labo elincane. Ingozi enkulu yezingane ihlala ibhere yabantu abadala. Imvamisa bazama ukubahlasela. Umama uvikela izingane zakhe ngobudlova, kepha izinsikazi zivame ukwehla kakhulu ngosayizi amabhere amadala.
Iqembu elingavikelekile kakhulu lama-Kodiaks yintsha. Azisekho ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-dipper, kepha engakasitholi isisindo esidingekayo sokuzivikela kubantu abadala. Ngakho-ke phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amabhere amancane azama ukuheha ukunakwa futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, angahlangani namanye amabhere.
Umonakalo omkhulu kubantu bebele ubangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu. Ngisho nezivakashi ezingenangozi zingabangela ukufa kwebhere lase-Alaskan. Bangethusa ibhere endaweni evamile yokudla, ngenxa yayo engeke ikwazi ukukhipha amanoni futhi isinde i-hibernation. Ukuzingela cishe kucishe kwabhubhisa lolu hlobo lwezilwane ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, okungaba okunye ukulahleka kwabantu okungenakulungiswa.
Isimo sabantu nenhlobo yezinhlobo
Photo: Kodiak bear emvelweni
Esikhathini esedlule, ngenxa yokuzingela okukhulu ngoboya, inyama namafutha, inani lale mabhere lehlile ngokumangazayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthatha ngaphansi kokuvikelwa komhlaba. Okwamanje, ukuzingela le subspecies yebhere kulawulwa ngokuqinile ngumthetho wezwe. Isimo siyalawulwa. Akukho bantu abangaphezu kwe-160 abangadutshulwa ngonyaka ukuze bangalimazi umphakathi. Imvume yokuzingela inikezwa kuphela abanye abantu abazimisele ukukhokha imali enkulu.
Okwamanje, inani labantu base-Kodiak cishe ngabantu abangama-4000. Lesi isikhathi esisodwa nesigamu ngaphansi kweminyaka eyikhulu edlule. Zingaphansi kokuqashwa kanzima kososayensi.
Ukutadisha kwalolu hlobo kuthandwa kakhulu yisazi semvelo esidumile - uChris Morgan. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi akahlanganyeli ocwaningweni lwalezi zingosi kuphela, kodwa futhi ungabameli abasebenzela kakhulu ukuvikela la mabhele.
Ukubuka i-Kodiak kuyindlela entsha yokuphumula ngokweqile kanye nokuzilibazisa okuthandayo kwabahlali bendawo. Abanesibindi kuphela abakulungele ukubhekana nalesi silwane sobuso nobuso. Kukhona izinkambo eziya e-Kodiak Island yezivakashi, ezingabhukelwa endaweni ekhethekile. Abavakashi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba beza ukuzobona lesi sikhulu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kunakwa kungalimaza amabhere. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abantu bangesabisa isilo emithonjeni yaso evamile yamandla, futhi ngeke bakwazi ukugcwala amanoni anele we-hibernation.
Amacala ama-2 kuphela wokubulala umuntu ngalezi zindawo ezingaphansi kwaziwa. Kodwa-ke, akunakushiwo ukuthi bobabili laba bantu babengabazingeli futhi bazama ukubulala amabhere, ngaleyo ndlela bezenza izilwane. Ngakho-ke singaphetha lokho kodiak hhayi ibhere enolaka futhi ayibeki ingozi kubantu. Lolu hlobo oluncane luhlala lubhekene nengozi yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Inani lale mabhere namuhla lisisigamu salokho elalineminyaka eyikhulu edlule. Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi abantu basungule uhlelo lokuvikela olawula ngokuqinile usayizi walesi sizwe futhi abavumeli ukubhubhisa laba bantu abazingelayo.
Skoda> Kodiaq
USkoda ubese kuphele isikhathi eside ukuthi abekhona ohlakeni oluncane olunikezwe ikilasi lakhe. I-Octavia, eyakhelwe endawenikazi ejwayelekile ne-Golf, nobukhulu bayo nobubanzi kwikhabethe kuyafana kakhulu nesigaba D. I-Superb eyakhiwe ngobukhulu usista Passat. Futhi iRapid, noma ngabe ithathwa njengommeleli wesigaba se-B +, empeleni ingaphezulu kakhulu - ngisho nangaphezu kwabamele abanye besigaba segalofu. Ngakho-ke nge-Kodiaq crossover esanda kubhakwa (i-Kodiak, khumbula, lokhu kuthwala nge-brown kusuka e-Alaska) kuyindaba efanayo. Yakhelwe epulatifomu ejwayelekile i-MQB SUV inkulu kakhulu kunesihlobo sayo - imodeli yeVolkswagen Tiguan. Esikhathini sokudotshwa kweSkoda Kodiak kunezinketho eziyisikhombisa eziyisikhombisa. Ngiyazibuza ukuthi ngabe ubukhulu bokuphakama abuzange bube namthelela miphi imigomo yokushayela?
Lapho ngibona isikhumbuzo seSkoda Kodiaq okokuqala ngqa esithombeni, angizange ngithande. I-silhouette ibukeka kimi nayo iyelulwa. Kepha uyaphila, uSkoda uyavumelana futhi uqinile. Ingaphakathi kulindeleke ukuthi linembile. Lapho kudalwa, abaklami baphonsa amaphethini ajwayelekile kubhasikidi elikude futhi basebenzise kuphela amakhampasi nombusi. Kwavela kahle. Ngokuqinile, kodwa hhayi kuyisicefe.
Izimoto zaseCzech kudala zisijwayele ukuba zibe ziningi zazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezimnandi. I-Kodiaq isithathile lesi sinyathelo okunye: ukuvikelwa kwepulasitiki okumboza izinhla zomnyango kufakiwe ku-assortment yendabuko yezindawo zokuhlala kanye nesambulela eminyango. Lapho nje umnyango uvuleka, ipuleti liyahamba, livikele upende. Ezindaweni zokupaka ezinabantu abagcwele nabaminyene, kunzima ukukhetha le ndlela.
Kungaba ubuwula ukukholelwa ukuthi uSkoda ukhohliwe ngama-ergonomics. Kungokwejwayelekile lapha. Ukuma okuphathelene nokulawula, isihlalo nenombolo enkulu yezinkinobho kucishe kwenziwa ngokuphelele. I-idyll iphazanyiswe kancane ukuphakama okukhulu phakathi kwezisekelo. Kepha, mhlawumbe, lokhu kuphela kokukhetha i-nit mayelana nomsebenzi womshayeli.
Kuyajabulisa ukuthi izakhamizi ezikulomugqa wesibili zinobubanzi njengabagibeli bangaphambili. Isitoko samadolo sikhulu. Isikhala esanele ngobubanzi, futhi ephezulu imahhala - noma ngabe kunophahla lwephaneli, oludle ingxenye elungile yokuphakama kwekhabethe. Izindawo ezingemuva ziguqulwa nge-angle, futhi izihlalo ngokwazo zihamba ngendlela eya phambili. Umugqa ongemuva ugqunywe kanye nesiqu. Vele, asitholanga amalitha angama-720 amenyezelwe. Kepha amalitha angama-528 esiwalinganise umphumela omuhle.
Ngabe ubukhulu obukhuphukile uma buqhathaniswa noTiguan buzoba isithiyo ekushayeleni izifiso? Ngicabanga ukuthi cha. ISkoda Kodiak inkulu kuneTiguan, kepha inqwaba ye "Czech" ingaphezulu kwamakhilogremu angama-60. Hhayi ukubulala, njengoba kufakazelwa amandla. I-pair enembile yenjini engu-2.0 litre turbo kanye ne-7-speed DSG isebenza ngaphandle komthungo. I-320 Nm ye-torque itholakala nangaphambi kokuba inalithi ye-tachometer ikhombe ku-1,500 rpm. Ngenxa yezinkomba ezinjalo, i-Kodiaq ishesha ngokushesha. Kancane kancane kuneTiguan ngokusheshiselwa kumakhulu engxenye yesibili kuphela. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi noma ngubani azwe lo mehluko. Akungaphansi kwe-Kodiaq nokusingathwa. Ibuye izinze emgqeni oqondile, idinga ukulungiswa okuncane kakhulu nokungajwayelekile. Ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi ngokushesha kudala amandla adingekayo esondweni lokuqondisa, kunikeza impendulo enhle kakhulu. Kuphela endaweni yokupaka okuqinile kukhona ubukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele be-Kodiak abazizwa - kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuguquka kunaseTiguan.
I-novice ayizange idumaze ngisho nangaphandle kwe-asphalt. Kuliqiniso, ngqa, ukumiswa kweSkoda kuhumusha izinto ezincane ngemininingwane ethile ethile. Kepha kufanelekile ukwehla umgodi ngokungathi sína, ngoba i-chassis iqoqiwe ngokushesha futhi ikhombisa ukushaya. Umculi we-Kodiak ongekho semgwaqweni uyafana noTiguan's - isondo elingemuva lixhunywe nge-clutch yokulayisha ngaphambili ye-Haldex. Ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa ngenkani. Kepha kunezindlela eziningi zokushayela, kufaka phakathi umgwaqo ongekho. Izilinganiso zethu zikhombise ukuthi ngaphansi kokuvikela igumbi lenjini ye-Kodiak ingama-20 mm ngaphezulu kwesibalo senjini yeTiguan. Futhi ama-engeli wokungena / ophumayo akhulu kancane e-Czech. Leyo nje yile wheelbase futhi anayo ngaphezu kukaTiguan. Umgwaqo ongaphandle komgwaqo ususizi. Kepha i-clutch ayesabi ukushisa ngokweqile futhi ivumela ukuthambeka okude. ISkoda nayo ayesabi i-diagonal - amasondo amisiwe akuyona isithiyo semishini esebenza ngogesi, ngokuphatha i-torque ngobuchule.
ISkoda Kodiaq nakanjani izothola umthengi wayo. Kuyiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukuthi othile osemqondweni wabo ofanele anikeze izigidi ezintathu ukuhlolwa kwethu kwe-SUV, yize igcwele uhlu olukhethiwe lwezinketho. Kepha ukuguqulwa kokuqala kuze kube manje ngenjini yamahhashi angu-150 kanye nama-wheel-drive onke kuyindaba ehluke ngokuphelele. Futhi ukuqala kwayo kungabizwa ngokusemthethweni - uhlu lwezinketho luhle impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuzayo, i-Kodiak, esinikezwe yona evela eCzech Republic, umhlangano waseRussia "uyakhanya". Ngemuva kwalokho, uyabona, futhi amanani azokwehla.
Idatha yephasiphothi
Skoda kodiaq | 1.4 TSI 110 kW 4 × 4 | I-2.0 TSI 4 × 4 | I-2.0 TDI 110 kW 4 × 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Umzimba | ||||
Uhlobo lomzimba | inqola yesiteshi | inqola yesiteshi | inqola yesiteshi | |
Inani leminyango | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
Inani lezindawo | 5(7)* | 5(7)* | 5(7)* | |
Ubude mm | 4697 | 4697 | 4697 | |
Ububanzi mm | 1882 | 1882 | 1882 | |
Ukuphakama mm | 1655 | 1655 | 1655 | |
Wheelbase mm | 2791 | 2791 | 2791 | |
Landelela ngaphambili / emuva, mm | 1586/1576 | 1586/1576 | 1586/1576 | |
Isisindo se-Curb | 1540 (1578)/1550 (1587)** | 1632(1669) | 1677 (1714) | |
Isisindo eseqile, kg | 2215 (2292)/2225 (2301) | 2307(2373) | 2352 (2407) | |
IVolumu yetrunk, l | 650–2065 (270–2005) | 650–2065 (270–2005) | 650–2065 (270–2005) | |
Injini | ||||
Uhlobo | uphethiloli, umjovo oqondile kanye ne-turbocharged | uphethiloli ohlanganiswe ngomjovo wamafutha ne-turbocharging | turbodiesel | |
Indawo | phambili, ngokuguqukayo | phambili, ngokuguqukayo | phambili, ngokuguqukayo | |
Inani nokuhleleka kwezilinda | 4, zilandelana | 4, zilandelana | 4, zilandelana | |
Ukusebenza kwevolumu, cm³ | 1395 | 1984 | 1968 | |
UMax. amandla, hp / rpm | 150/5000–6000 | 180/3900–6000 | 150/3500–4000 | |
UMax. torque, N • m / rpm | 250/1500–3500 | 320/1400–3940 | 340/1750–3000 | |
Ukudluliswa | ||||
Ukudluliswa | ngomshini, ngesivinini esikhulu / nge-robotic, ngejubane eyisithupha | isivinini se-robotic | isivinini se-robotic | |
Iyunithi yeDrayivu | i-plug-in igcwele | i-plug-in igcwele | i-plug-in igcwele | |
Chassis | ||||
Ukumiswa ngaphambili | ezimele, intwasahlobo, McPherson | ezimele, intwasahlobo, McPherson | ezimele, intwasahlobo, McPherson | |
Ukumiswa okwesikhashana | ezimele, intwasahlobo, ukuxhumana okuningi | ezimele, intwasahlobo, ukuxhumana okuningi | ezimele, intwasahlobo, ukuxhumana okuningi | |
Amabhuleki angaphambili | idiski elingene komoya | idiski elingene komoya | idiski elingene komoya | |
Amabhuleki angemuva | idiski | idiski | idiski | |
Amathayi | 215/65 R17 | 215/65 R17 | 215/65 R17 | |
Ukuvunyelwa komhlaba | 187 (188) | 187 (188) | 187 (188) | |
Izici zomsebenzi | ||||
Ijubane elikhulu, km / h | 198 (197)/194 (193) | 206 (205) | 194 (192) | |
Ukushesha kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-100 km / h, s | 9,4 (9,6)/9,7 (9,9) | 7,8 (8,0) | 10,0 (10,2) | |
Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, l / 100 km | ||||
- umjikelezo wasedolobheni | akukho datha | 9,0 | 6,7 | |
- umjikelezo wasendlini | akukho datha | 6,3 | 5,1 | |
- umjikelezo oxubekile | 6,1/7,1 | 7,3 | 5,6 | |
Izinga lobuthi | Euro 6 | Euro 6 | Euro 6 | |
Umthamo wamathangi we-Fuel, l | 60 | 60 | 60 | |
Amafutha | I-AI-95 | I-AI-95 | uphethiloli | |
* E-bazali kunedatha yezinhlobo zezihlalo eziyisikhombisa. | ||||
** Imininingwane yenguqulo enegobhothi yama-robotic iboniswa ezingxenyeni. |
Izinsiza
Ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-matrix kwe-MQB ne-McPherson struts ngaphambili, uKKraq ugcina ukumiswa kwesixhumi sokuxhumana okuhlukahlukene kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Ukuguqulwa kokuqala kaphethiloli kungafakelwa i-wheel-wheel drive, hhayi i-wheel-wheel drive yonke. IDrayivu enamasondo emuva ixhunywe yiBorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems coupling, eyayaziwa ngokuthi iHaldex (emuva ngo-2011, iHaldex Traction AB ithengwe yiBorgWarner). Ukulayisha kuqala nokuhlanganisa i-algorithm kuzimele kwimodi yokushayela ekhethwe umshayeli esebenzisa izinkinobho. I-clutch ivulekile ngokuphelele kuphela ngemuva kwe-180 km / h.
Cishe amaphesenti angama-20 omzimba wensimbi enziwe ngezingxenye ezishisayo. Ngokukhethekile, izinsika zangaphambili neziphakathi, izingxenye zangaphakathi zesill, umhubhe wokudlulisela kanye noxhaxha lwesiphambano ngaphansi komugqa wesibili wezihlalo kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswa amabanga wensimbi ephezulu namandla aphezulu. Ukudonswa kwemoto edonsa kanzima kungu-0,33.
Izinjini okuqala ngazo i-Kodiaq eYurophu zaziwa kahle. Izinjini ze-petrol turbo 1.4 (125 hp noma i-150 hp) ne-2.0 (180 hp) zizovela lapha. Kepha ikusasa laseRussia lezinjini ezisebenzisa udizili i-2.0 (150 noma i-190 hp) lisalokhu lingabaza. Zonke izinjini zikhona ezinhlelweni i-Euro-6 (izinjini zikadizili ngenaliti ye-urea) ne-Euro-5, ngokwesibonelo, ezimakethe zase-Afrika.
Ama-adaptha e-DCC e-Adaptive aguqula izilungiselelo zombili ngokuzimela, esebenzisa izinzwa zokuqinisa ukushesha mpo nomshayeli. Isethi ongayikhetha yezindlela zokushayela ifaka ejwayelekile, intofontofo, enemidlalo futhi enobungane nemvelo, naku-Kodiaks yama-wheel-wheel yonke futhi nobusika. Iziphethu zokumiswa komshini weDCC ziyefana ncamashi nakwi-Kodiaks ejwayelekile. Uhlelo lokuzinza alucimi ngokuphelele, kepha lungadluliselwa kumodi yezemidlalo.
Ukuphepha akuyona kuphela isethi yezindiza eziyisishiyagalolunye, kufaka idolo lomshayeli, noma amabhande esihlalo senja yezinja. Futhi yi-Front assist automatic braking system, exwayisa ngengozi yokushayisana nokusebenzisa amabhuleki, kuze kufike ekubhekeni okuphuthumayo, ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-34 km / h.
Ngemuva kwezinto
Isiqhingi saseMallorca saziwa yinoma yimuphi umlobi wezentatheli onolwazi njengegceke laso. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokushayela lapha ebusika kumnandi, ngoba isimo sezulu sifudumele, simnene futhi sizinzile. Futhi, iMallorca yinhle, futhi imigwaqo ihlukene: kukhona izinyoka zezintaba, ngisho nomgwaqo owodwa. Kuliqiniso, kulokhu amakhadi adidaniswa yimvula enamandla, eyayivimbela ukudubula okugcwele.