Izimvemvane zeButterfly zibukeka zizinhle futhi zingenangozi, futhi azihlali isikhathi eside - ezinye zihlala cishe isonto, ngaphandle kokulimaza uhlaza ngalesi sikhathi. Kepha inzalo yabo - amacimbi - aminyene, futhi bayakwazi ukudala umonakalo omkhulu.

Namuhla, amaqabunga amaqabunga abalwa phakathi kwezitha ezimbi kakhulu zezitshalo zezolimo nezamahlathi. Lokhu iqiniso elingenakugwenywa - eminyakeni evumelana nalezi zinambuzane, zingabhubhisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yesilimo.

Kepha ngicabanga ukuthi bekungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. AmaLeafworms anezitha zemvelo - ama-starlings, amaqhude, izibungu, izinkukhu, ama-hedgehogs nabanye abamele umhlaba wezilwane. Futhi lapho ibhalansi yemvelo isebenza, konke kuhlelekile. Siyethemba ukuthi abezemvelo bazophumelela emzabalazweni wokubuyisa imvelo yomhlaba.

Umndeni weLeafworm ungowe-oda Lepidoptera. Isinambuzane esidala, uvemvane, sincane - amaphiko afinyelela cm 2,5 kuphela. Agcwele kuwo wonke amazwekazi.

Isici esivelele sovemvane is a plump, embozwe ngokubomvu ngomzimba we-fluff. Ekuphumuleni, uvemvane lugoqa amaphiko alo njengophahla. Izimpiko ezingenhla zivame ukuba mude, zinxantathu ngesimo, amaphikoangemuva abanzi, futhi anesimo esingunxantathu. Kwesinye isikhathi izimpiko zinwebeka ziye ezansi futhi zibe nobumba bezinxantathu. Photo: Depositphotos

Ngokungafani nezinambuzane zabantu abadala, amacimbi acishe angabi nalutho. Ukubamba kusuka emaqanda, aqala ukudla kakhulu amaqabunga bese ewasonta emaphaketheni noma kumashubhu ngosizo lwewebhu. Ngaphakathi esidlekeni esinjalo, amacimbi ahlala, abalekela izitha nesimo sezulu esibi. Uma ubaphazamisa, khona-ke bagxuma masinyane bakhava futhi balengise ku-cobweb.

Ikakhulu bathanda izitshalo Rosaceae. Uhlobo lweqabunga, elincamela ukuhlala eRosaceae, lathola igama elihle - irosette eyi-rose.

Incwadzi ye-oki ihlala emi-okini. Izimvemvane zakhe zinombala oluhlaza okotshani: lapho zihlala ephepheni, zihlangana nakho, zingabonakali. Izimvemvane, njengomthetho, zibeka amaqanda esiqongweni se-oki. Entwasahlobo, amacimbi avela futhi adla amaqabunga amancane, kwesinye isikhathi aveza izihlahla ukuze zome.

Izilokazane ezinonya ikakhulukazi zifaka izinhlobo zamahlamvu ezinhlamvu ezihlala kumagilebhisi. Phakathi kwazo, ipheshana leminyaka emibili liqhamile, uvemvane lwawo luncane kakhulu, alukho ngaphezu kuka-8 mm. Izimpiko zangaphambili zinombala wotshani obumnandi, zinomucu onsundu emuva. Leli pheshana lifaka amaqanda amahlumela amasha amagilebhisi ngoMeyi. Isithombe: Umthombo

Amakhethini ayabonakala - cishe amasentimitha ubude futhi anombala obomvu. Zidla kuma-buds, izimbali, amajikijolo amancane, ngenkathi zizidonsa zibe ngama-bunched ngosizo lwewebhu. Kulesi sikhoselo ngoJuni, izinganyana ezinamakhaza, futhi emva kwamasonto amabili isizukulwane esisha sezimvemvane siphuma, okuthi, ngaphandle kokungabaza, sibeke amaqanda aso. Isizukulwane sesibili samacimbi sesivele sidla izithelo. Abafundi emhlabathini, futhi bacashe lapho.

Amaqabunga awazinakanga izihlahla ze-coniferous. Ama-leaf-worms-bud-players adla izinaliti, azisongela ngemisipha, kulesi sikhwebu esinjalo amacimbi aphile kuze kube yilapho kubanda, bese ewela emhlabathini nasebusika kudoti we-coniferous. Abadli bezinso bathinta kuphela entwasahlobo, uvemvane lubeka amaqanda ezinalwaneni.

Ngokuvamile kunabanye, ipheshana le-hawthorn lihlala ezindaweni zethu; izimvemvane zalo zingatholakala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi. Amakhethini ale nhlobo ngosizo lwama-cobwebs kanye nomoya endiza ahamba amabanga amade ukusuka endaweni yokuzalwa.

Emvelweni, ngaphezu kwalokho okungenhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaqabunga amaqabunga adla cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo.

Kulula ukuhlukanisa izindawo zokuhlala kweziqu zemithi yamaqabunga ezindaweni zokuhlala izibungu zebhungane elishubile: lapho kuhlala khona amabhungane amaqabunga, amaqabunga adliwayo afakwe i-web.

Ezakhiweni ezincane zasendlini, ukusatshalaliswa kwamapheshana kunganqunyelwa ngezindlela zemvelo: ngokuheha izinyoni, ama-hedgehogs, ukuvuna ukhula okufika ngesikhathi, kanye nokususwa ngomshini kwezingxenye ezilimele zezitshalo lapho amacimbi asezinze khona.

Vele, ezindaweni lapho ama-ejenti elawula izinambuzane esetshenziswa kakhulu, le ndlela ayinakuletha imiphumela ebonakalayo.

Incazelo yezinambuzane

Isici esibonakala samaqabunga amaqabunga, aqashelwa ngawo ngokunembile, isiqu esikhulu esidonsa esinamaphiko, namaphiko angaphambili abanzi. Uvemvane uligoqa ngezikhathi zokuphumula ngendlela yophahla. Izinhlobo eziningi zamapheshana asemaphikweni zinephethini enemibala. Imvamisa ebangeni ifinyelela ku-2,5 cm.

Amacimbi amaqabunga ezinhlamvu, ngokungafani izimvemvane ezindala, acishe abe nezinwele, ngaphandle kwezinwele ezingavamile, ezivame ukutholakala kumaphoyinti ama-convex amnyama. Amakhethini anemilenze engu-16. Ikhanda labo linsundu noma limnyama, kanti umzimba usuka ephuzi kuya kokuluhlaza okhanyayo.

Ama-pupae amapheshana anesici esijabulisayo: emasongweni esisu sawo kukhona amabhande anezingwegwe.

AmaLeafworm yizinambuzane. Amakhukhu ezinhlobo eziningi adla amaqabunga ezitshalo, azisongele ngamashubhu ngosizo lwewebhu, kula mashubhu azifihlayo. Kungakho igama - amapheshana.

Kepha hhayi kuphela amaqabunga awela inyamazane. Amakhethini ngeke anqabe ukudla ama-buds, ama-buds nezimbali zezitshalo. Lezi zinambuzane zigcwele cishe yonke indawo.

UBrown

Lesi uvemvane esimpunga esinsundu esinephethini elinsundu emnyama kumaphiko angaphambili, ahlukaniswe umucu ocacile we-ocher. Abesifazane banemibala egqamile, abesilisa bavame ukuba nombala we-paler. Lolu hlobo lwepheshana selandile eYurophu, kanye naseRussia yonke.

Ama-Butterflies aphuma ngoJuni, futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwawo siyizinsuku eziyi-12-16 kuphela.

Izimvemvane ezinamaqabunga ansundu zithanda ukuhlala ngaphansi kwesiphephelo sesitshalo sokudla phakathi nosuku. Kusihlwa, izinambuzane ziqala ukundiza, futhi ukukhula komzimba kwenzeka ebusuku.

Insikazi evundisiwe izalela amaqanda futhi ebusuku, ikhetha amagxolo endaweni yezimpande yesiqu, futhi inabo ngamaqembu amaningana. Ipheshana elilodwa elinsundu labesifazane lenza amaqanda ama-2 kuye ku-4. Inani eliphelele lamaqanda kuleli cala lingafinyelela izingcezu ezingama-70. Njengoba selibeke amaqanda, uvemvane limboza masonry ngento emhlophe eqina ngokushesha, ilungiselela ubusika.

Ukuzalwa kwamacimbi kuqala maphakathi no-Ephreli - ingxenye yokuqala kaMeyi ngonyaka olandelayo. Isibungu esidala sombala omnyama, ubude obu-20-24 mm. Ikhanda lakhe limnyama futhi licwebezela, izihlangu ezifanayo ze-occipital nezangaphakathi.

Esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula kwabo, amacimbi adla amahlamvu ezitshalo namaqabunga aqhakazayo, awazungeza ngama-cobwebs awo. Kamuva, besonta ishidi, bazenzela indawo yokukhosela. Kuyo, isibungu siyaphenduka i-chrysalis. Isigaba sezinambuzane zepheshana elinsundu ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala futhi, ngokwesilinganiso, sithatha izinsuku ezingama-20 kuye kwezingama-40.

I-Pupa lekhasi elinombala onsundu ngombala omnyama, obunjiwe njengombala, obude obuyi-9-14 mm. Esiswini, eduze nomsila, kunezihlakala eziyisishiyagalombili. Isigaba sobungane sithatha izinsuku eziyishumi kuya kwezingu-15.

I-brown leafworm ine-multinucleate, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayisiyingozi kuphela ezihlahleni zezithelo.

I-spruce spruce

Ukhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni ezincane ze-spruce noma ezihlahleni ze-spruce, ezibuthakathaka, zikhula ngaphandle kwehlathi noma zime zodwa. Amacimbi walolu hlobo lwenhlamvu yamaqabunga ahlala ngaphansi kwamagxolo esihlahla, aququda izindinyana ezimfushane, ngaleyo ndlela aphazamisa ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukufa kwamagatsha ezihlahla kanye nokuhlakazeka okwalandela kwamahlumela.

Iphepha lephungane le-spruce bast linobubanzi, kodwa amaphiko aphezulu amafushane ngombala onsundu ngombala onamabala ahlanekezelwe ambalwa. Umbala wephezudlwana lamaphiko uqukethe imivimbo emibili eshintshashintshayo nomphetho omhlophe. Umbhangqwana ongasemuva wamaphiko ubunjiwe, upendwe ngombala onsundu noma onsundu. Izimpiko zangemuva nazo zinomphetho omhlophe.

Indiza yezimvemvane iqala ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Njengoba sikhethe isihlahla esifanele, ipheshana lifaka amaqanda ngaphansi kwesikali segxolo emagatsheni angamagatsha aqhakaza amanzi. NgoJuni, amacimbi aqala ukuvela, esimweni esidala afinyelela ku-11 mm. Umzimba wesibungu uvame ukumhlophe ngombala opinki. Ikhanda, izihlangu esiswini nasemahlane, kanye nemilenze ye-pectoral iyi-tan.

Isigaba sezinambuzane siyaqhubeka kuze kube nguMeyi ngonyaka olandelayo. Lapho-ke amacimbi ayahlwitha.

Isigaxa se-Fir

Lokhu uvemvane olunamaphiko we 12-16-16 mm. Amaphiko okuqala ngopende onsundu omnyama nge-sheen yensimbi. Ngaphesheya kwamaphiko imivimbo emincane eqondile. Izimpiko zezinsikazi zilula, i-taupe. Zonke izimpiko zinomphetho omhlophe.

Umzimba wesibungu sepheshana likaphayini omhlophe mhlophe ngombala ophuzi, ikhanda linsundu. Isibungu esidala sikhula ngobude sibe ngu-11 mm. IPupa ngumbala onsundu, 8 mm ubude.

E-Russia, ipheshana le-spruce pine cone litholakala ngempela emahlathini ama-spruce. Lolu hlobo lwepheshana lonakalisa ama-fir cones.

Izimvemvane ezivundile zindiza phezulu esihlahleni semisipres ngesikhathi sokuvota. Amaqanda, angaba ngu-0.5 mm ubukhulu, abekwa ngumenzi wamaqabunga phakathi kwesikali se-cone. Eminyakeni yokukhiqizwa okuphansi, izingulube ezifika ku-10 zingaba kwisigaxa esisodwa. Amacimbi avelile ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 - 20 aqale adle izikali zesigaxa, bese engena kwesiqu uqobo, edla imbewu. Ngokubukeka, izigaxa ezinegciwane kunzima ukuzihlukanisa. Ukusonteka kwabo kuvinjelwa ukumbiwa kwembila nefulawa yokushayela. Ukulinyazwa kwezibungu kwenzeka entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo.

Isikhumba

Lolu hlobo luvame emahlathini amakhulu aseYurophu, eMelika kanye naseRussia. Leli bhungane linamaphiko amancanyana angaphambili anemibala engwevu, elinephethini elihlukile lezindawo ezimnyama ansundu, imivimbo nemivimbo. Amaphiko aphansi anombala onsundu, ububanzi besimo. Zombili izithandani umphetho ompunga ubopha imiphiko. Amacimbi alolu hlobo lwezinhlwathi ezinamahlamvu angama 8-10 8-10 ubukhulu, luhlaza okotshani. UPupa onsundu.

Amapheshana ama-larch abeka amaqanda ezihlahleni ze-coniferous, emifantu noma ezintabeni zamagxolo. Amacimbi azelwe adla ngezinaliti. Ngasikhathi sinye, bafaka izinaliti ngama-cobwebs, bawadonsa ndawonye ukuze bakhe ukhukhunathi. Kamuva, amacimbi amadala adla amahlumela amancane ezihlahla.

Ukuguqulwa kube yi-chrysalis kwenzeka phansi kwesihlahla, lapho inkathazo yehlela kuwebhu. Ngemuva kokwenza ukhukhunathi kusuka ezinalwaneni eziwile, izimveku ezinamabala, kwathi emva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14 kwavela uvemvane olusha.

Spruce inaliti-incwajana

Leli bhungane linombala ongaphambili obanzi wamaphiko wombala onsundu omnyama namabala esiliva nemivimbo yesimo esingajwayelekile. Izimpiko zesibili mncane, zinombala onsundu. Kukhona umphetho ompunga okhanyayo.

Amakhethini anombala ogqamile ngombala anemithende emide engwevu engcolile, noma ophuzi ngombala onsundu, bese imivimbo iba nsundu.

I-pupa in nsundu, ayinantanga. Ekupheleni komzimba kunezingwegwe ezincane, ezinamabhulashini.

Uvemvane lwepheshana eliboshwe ngenaliti lifaka amaqanda ezinalwaneni ngonyaka odlule. Isikelesi esihlanzayo sihlala phezu kwesikhashana isikhashana, bese senza umgodi oyindilinga, singene ngenalithi bese siyidla kancane kancane ingaphakathi kusuka esisekelweni kuya esihlangwini. Inaliti kuqala ivele ibe nsundu, bese yomile bese, ekugcineni, iwele ngokuphelele.

Kuthathwa inyamazane edonswa phansi udoti wehlathi.

Izihlahla ezingamaConiferous ezineminyaka ephakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 nengama-30 zithanda lezi zinambuzane, kepha, uma kwenzeka kuqubuka umkhondo onamandla wokuzala noma ukuntuleka kokudla, ukutshala okuncane nakho kungathandwa.

Umjikelezo wokuphila kwe-arboretum ewonakalisayo uthatha iminyaka emibili. Ukuchazwa okugcwele kwalesi sinambuzane kungatholakala lapha.

Lapho ulwa nezihlangu zamanga, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukucutshungulwa kwezihlahla kwenziwa kabili ngonyaka. Yiziphi izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa lokhu, funda isixhumanisi se-https: //stopvreditel.ru/rastenij/lesov/lozhnoshhitovka.html.

Ipheshana le-Fir

Mkhulu kunezihlobo zakhe. Ubude bamaphiko buvela ku-17 kuye ku-26 mm. Umbala wamaphiko angaphambili ngwephuzi mphuzi ngephethini nsundu. Izimpiko zezinsikazi zinsundu. Umphetho osemaphikweni ungamaphaphu. Ukukhanya kwesibungu esincaneluhlaza ngekhanda elinsundu, umuntu omdala - oluhlaza okotshani. Ikhanda limnyama. Kuwo wonke umzimba, ungabona izinwele zikhula kusuka kuma-warts ama-chitinous amnyama. Isibungu sifinyelela ku-22 mm ubude. Pupa ufike ku-14 mm ubude, nsundu omnyama.

Izimvemvane ze-fir bbw zibeka amaqanda phezu kwenalithi. Amacimbi avele, aqhubekele esiqongweni sento esencane, aqale ukudla azungeze izinaliti. Ngasikhathi sinye, ugxilisa igatsha ngama-cobwebs, amacimbi ahamba kancane kancane futhi aphansi, asonta amahlumela kukhukhunathi.

Amacimbi e-bbw abangela ukulimala okukhulu emasimini wefir. Abadli izinaliti nje kuphela kanye namahlumela ayindilinga, kepha futhi baphazamisa ukuqhakaza kwezimbali, ngenxa yalokho izigaxa ezingakhi.

Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezingenhla zamabhu amaqabunga, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezidala umonakalo omkhulu ezihlahleni zasengadini nezihlahlana. Phakathi kwazo, okuyingozi kakhulu amaqabunga amaqabunga, izithelo, kanye namaqabunga ama-omnivorous.

Ungayishaya kanjani inkathazo

Kungenzeka ususe isiza sakho sasengadini owathandayo amapheshana usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene. Okusebenzayo kakhulu yilezi:

1. Ukuqoqwa kanye nokubhujiswa kwamaqabunga awileyo nezihlahla zezithelo zika-carrion.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwezicupho ze-pheromone ngezinambuzane. Isicupho siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - i-ampoule enezinto eziheha amaqabunga ezinhlamvu zesilisa, neshubhu elinendawo yokunamathela. Abesilisa, beshiya i-pupae, bandizela iphunga elithandekayo kubo futhi banamathele kuyo.
3. NgoJulayi kuya ku-Agasti, kungakuhle ukuthi ubeke amabhande wesicupho ezihlahleni zezihlahla zezithelo, ezibhujiswa kanye namathrekhi ngemuva kokuvunwa.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kokutshala imvelo kuvame ukwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili ngokuphumula kwezinsuku eziyi-10-12.

Amahlamvu

Amahlamvu
Acleris sparsana
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi

Amahlamvu (I-Tortricidae noma i-Olethreutidae) - umndeni wezimvemvane eqenjini leMiclepidoptera. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-10,000.

Incazelo

AmaLeafworms aboniswa yilezi zici ezilandelayo: izintuthwane zibunjiwe, zibumbeke kahle emadodeni, i-proboscis imfushane, Kuvunguza, kwesinye isikhathi ibanga elingaphezulu (Exapate Hbn.), Ngaphandle kwamatende, imihlathi yamatshe emihlandla emithathu, ivele kancane, inengxenye ende ende ephakathi nendawo. Amaphiko okuphumula agoqeke njengophahla, amanye angenhla kwesinye isikhathi anhlangothixantathu, amaphiko anwebeka ngasisekelo abese ecishe afane nobunxantathu, anemithambo eyi-12, eyodwa kuwo ihlangene. Izimpiko zangemuva zibanzi, zinxantathu, zinodaka olunemithambo emide engu-6 noma engu-7 namathathu ama-intracranial, lapho oluphakathi luphakathi kwalo lufakelwa imfoloko. Amacimbi e-Leaflet anezinwele eziyi-16, cishe ezingenazinwele, ezinama-sparse izinwele ezisakazekile, zihlala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezimnyama, zinekhanda elinsundu noma elimnyama, izihlangu ze-occipital nezivikeli ezinkulu, ziphuzi noma zibomvana noma zimhlophe. Ama-pellets wesisu ku-pupae ngamabhande ezinwegwe. Amacimbi amacembe amaningi anamaqabunga adla emaqabungeni ezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, futhi adonsa iwebhu yamaqabunga adliwe emabhulini noma emaqhugwaneni, ngaphakathi lapho acasha khona (yingakho igama lomndeni), ekhathazekile, aphuma alengiswe emigqonyeni yomoya.

Umjikelezo wokuphila

Ngokwemvelo, izinhlobo ezimbili zohlobo kuphela ezazihlukaniswe kahle: ama-codling moths (Carpocapsa), zonke izinhlobo zazo ezikhula ezitshalweni ezithambile, kanye namahlumela (iRetinia), ezinamacimbi (ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezimbili) ahlala emahlumela nasehlumela lwenhlanganisela, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zohlobo Amathayela cishe wonke akhula ngokuchithwa kwamaqabunga ezitshalo ezinama-herbaceous, hhayi ukuhlangana kumaConifers.

Amaqabunga ezinye izinhlobo zofuzo athola ukudla cishe kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo, kusuka kuzimbali nezimbali eziqhakazayo kuya ezimpandeni. Ngakho-ke, amacimbi ePaedisca immundana F. ahlala ema-catland we-alder, ama-bilunana Hw. - ngo-birch catkins, tripunctana WV - in rose buds, Semasia conterminana HS - in Lactuca flower (Grapholitha rufiliana Dbld. - in Dipsacus mbewu, Grapholitha funebrana Fr. - in plum izithelo, Steganoptycha acithini Dp - in poplar corolla, Graph .- emagatsheni e-aspen, uPaedisca foenana uFr. - ezihlahleni nasezimpandeni ze-Artemisia, ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla: Grapholitha Woebelapha W. V. - ezithelweni, Grapholitha argyrana N. - kuma-oki, eGrapholitha regiana Zll. - emabalazweni, ekugcineni, u-Grapholitha fimbriana H. W. - ngokhuni olubolile lwe-oki. Kwezinto ezilimazayo emnothweni, ezidume kakhulu yilezo ezihlasela izinhlobo zezihlahla futhi zibangele ukucekeleka phansi, kwesinye isikhathi ezibonakala ziningi kakhulu ezingadini nasehlathini. Ekutshaleni insimu, izidalwa ezimbalwa ezaziwa njengezinobungozi: Cochylis epilinana Zll. , isibungu esihlala kumakhanda wefilakisi, nezinhlobo ezintathu zeGrapholitha: nebritana Fr. , tenebrosana Dp. noDorsana Fbr. uphila ngezithelo zophizi. Engadini, izinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu yilezo ezihlasela amagilebhisi, okuthi ekuqaleni kwazo kube nepheshana le-biennial (Cochylis ambiquella Hbn.). Ibhabhathane elincane, elingaba ngu-8 mm, amaphiko angaphambili anotshani-ophuzi, acwebezelayo, phakathi nendawo inebala elimnyama elinombala onsundu futhi emaphethelweni anendawo emhlophe ecwebezelayo. Izimpukane ngoMeyi, kusihlwa, zibeka ama-testicles angaba ngu-150 (amhlophe, isicaba ngezansi) kumasiphu amancane wemivini. Isibungu esibomvu senyama, esifinyelela ku-1 cm ubude, sidla efihlekile, izimbali, kanye namajikijolo amancane, siwaqhekeze futhi siwaxhaxhe ngezingcezu zezagobhu, siphinde sigxishwe esixwini sokudubula noma emabhulashini, bese kuthi lapho sesomile. Ekupheleni kukaJuni, kudonswa kukhukhamba eqabunga eligoqiwe, noma phakathi kwesiqu, noma ngaphansi kwamagxolo nasesimweni sokugoba kwamagilebhisi. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, izimvemvane ezintsha ziphuma zibeke amaqanda kumagilebhisi noma emilenzeni. Amacimbi asanda kukhishwa ahlala ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo, asuka kwelinye aze kwelinye alahle udoti kuwo. Ukuze ukhuhle, wehlela emhlabathini, i-pupa icashe kuyo ikhukhunathi embozwe ungqimba lomhlaba omncane.

Ngokunjalo, uChrosis botrana W. V. uphila futhi alimaze ngamaphiko omnqumo ansundu kanye nomugqa ophuzi omhlophe obanzi. Isibungu siluhlaza okotshani.

I-Tortrix (Oenophthira), Pilleriana W. V. (Pyralis vitana Fbr.), Cishe ubude be-1 cm, amaphiko angaphambili aphuzi, kwesinye isikhathi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-sheen yensimbi, enemivimbo emibili eqinile e-oblique oblique. Isibungu sifinyelela ku-2 cm ubude, siluhlaza okotshani, sinentambo emsundu nemivimbo emithathu emide. Ehlobo ngo-Agasti, amaqanda abekwa izinqwaba ngohlangothi olungaphezulu lwamaqabunga omvini, amacimbi aqhakaza ngoSepthemba futhi, ngaphandle kokudla, aya ebusika ngaphansi kwamagxolo omvini noma emifantweni yababusi, lapho elowo nalowo ecashe khona kukhukhunathi okhethekile, entwasahlobo abondla ngawo amakhambi, ngokwesibonelo. ukhakhayi, iStachys Jeremica, iMyrica gale, njll., bese ihlasela amaqabunga, ukuqhakaza amaqabunga nezimbali zamagilebhisi, kuzibethe ngocelebe bese nizidla, bese nidlala lapha ekupheleni kukaJuni. Wabangela ukucekelwa phansi kwezivini zeChampagne ezidumile ngeminyaka yo-1960s, amaGrikhi asendulo ayaziwa ngegama lesiGrikhi. I-καμπη, yamaRoma - i-convolvulus ne-oblivulus.

Ezinye izihlahla zezithelo kwesinye isikhathi zilinyazwa kakhulu yizinhlobo eziningana zamaTera, njenge, ngokwesibonelo, iHolmiana L. ne-mosagana W. V., ikakhulukazi eyokuqala, evame ukudla amaqabunga e-plum eCrimea. IPenthina pruniana Hb nayo iyingozi. , amacimbi aluhlaza okotshani ophuziwe adliwe ngezinsimbi zamapulangwe, amakherubi nameva ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, agqume emaphethelweni amahlumela bese asonta amaqabunga anamaqabunga awadlayo, wona awadlayo, phakathi kwawo agxuma ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. NgoMeyi, izimvemvane ziyaphuma, ziye kufinyelela ku-1 cm ubude, zithakazelise, phakathi kwezinye izinto, endaweni yazo yokuphumula, ngamaphiko asongelwe, okukhumbuza isixha sezitulo ezomile zezinyoni ezincane, ingxenye ephambili yephiko lingaphandle ngombala omnyama namabala ansundu, inyoni yangaphandle imhlophe qwa , phezulu imnyama emsulwa. Amaqanda abekwa okukodwa ngasikhathi, eduze nezinso. UPenthina cynosbatella L. noTmetocera ocellana W. V. badla izimbali zemithi yezithelo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuhlaselwa kwamaTera Forskaleana L. kuphakama amaqabunga.

Ukuhlukaniswa

Umndeni wamaqabunga ubandakanya izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1000 zohlobo lwenhlobo nezilwane ezingama-10,000.

• UTortricinae Latreille, 1803
  • UPhricanthini Diakonoff, 1981 (Phricanthini)
  • ITortricini Latreille, ngo-1803
  • Schoenotenini Diakonoff, 1952 (Schoenotenidae)
  • Cochylini Guene, 1845
  • Cnephasiini Stainton, (Cnephasidae)
  • I-Archipini Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922
  • I-Epitymbiini Common, 1958
  • Sparganothini Druce, 1912
  • Atteriini Busck, 1932
  • U-Euliini Kuznetsov & Stekolnikov, 1977
  • Ceracini Cotes and Swinhoe, 1889
• Chlidanotinae Meyrick, 1906 (Chlidanotidae)
  • Polyorthini Obraztsov, 1966
  • UChlidanotini Meyrick, 1906 (Chlidanotidae)
  • IHilarographini Diakonoff, 1977
• Olethreutinae Walsingham, 1895
  • I-Microcorsini Kuznetsov, 1970
  • UGatesclarkeanini Diakonoff, 1973
  • I-Endotheniini Diakonoff, 1973
  • Bactrini Falkovitsh, 1962
  • Olethreutini Walsingham, 1895
  • Enarmoniini Diakonoff, 1953
  • I-Eucosmini Meyrick, ngo-1909 (i-Eucosmidae)
  • Grapholitini Guene, 1845

Isimilo

Ipheshana labadala yisinambuzane esinamaphiko (uvemvane) esinomzimba obukhulu we-pubescent. Izimpiko ngokuvamile azidluli ku-2,5 cm. Izimpiko zangaphambili zibanzi, zinxantathu noma ngesimo se-trapezoid, umngcele we-castal ugobile, i-angle ye-apical iyakhonjiswa, bese kuthi i-angle yeqolo ingemuva. Emaphikweni angaphambili sihlukanisa ngokucacile isici sephethini ekhanyayo yohlobo ngalunye. Ubude bephiko buwuphinda kaningana ububanzi. Esimweni ezolile zigoqwa nge-pterygoid. Kukhona amehlo kanye ne-antenna elula ekhanda. Ezinye izinhlobo zezintuthwane zinamabhulashi ama-bristles.

Umsebenzi omkhulu wezimvemvane zamaqabunga ubonwa ekuseni nakusihlwa, kepha lezo zinambuzane ezihlala ezintabeni nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho ziyakwazi ukundiza usuku lonke. Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza kwabo kuncike kuzinkomba eziningi - lokhu kungumswakama, izinga lokushisa komoya, ukuvezwa ukukhanya nezinye izinto zemvelo nezesimo sezulu.

Okubhaliwe! Kwabamele izinhlobo eziningi, ukukhanya okufakwayo, ikakhulukazi imisebe ye-ultraviolet, kuyathandeka kakhulu.

Livare

Izibungu zeLeafworm zivele ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Lezi zinganyana ezimise okomhlotshana ezinobude bomzimba ezingaba ngu-1-2 cm. Kunamamitha ayisishiyagalombili emilenzeni, ngosizo lapho inkathazo ihamba ngokushesha emzimbeni wesitshalo esihlaseliwe bese usakazeka engadini yonke.

I-capsule yekhanda ye-larva ithwala i-ocelli elula engu-12 - 6 ohlangothini ngalunye. Engxenyeni engezansi yemishini yomlomo kukhona ama-mandibles nensimbi yokuphotha. Kusetshenziswa isibungu sokugcina, kukhiqizwa ukhukhunathi bese amahlamvu asongeziwe afakwa emabhulwini, ngaphakathi kuwo acashe kamuva. Ngokuqondene nokudla, izibungu zonyaka wokuqala nowesibili zithanda ikakhulukazi ukuqhakaza, ukuqhakaza nezingxenye ezingenhla zamahlumela amasha. Ama-parasites amadala adla ngokudla amaqabunga futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukukhula kwawo kutholakala kwizigaxa zezitshalo namashubhu. Kodwa-ke, ukuvalelwa ekudleni okunjalo akuyona ngokuphelele - kuya ngezinhlobo, izinambuzane zingashintsha imenyu futhi zihambise kwesinye isitshalo ziye kwesinye kungakapheli unyaka.

Ukuphamba kungenzeka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene: ku-cocoon, engxenyeni engaphezulu yesigcawu, kudoti wesitshalo, ngqo kusiko lapho okuphakelayo kwenzeke khona, emifantwini yamagxolo esihlahla, njll.

Izici Zokuthuthuka

Ukusakazeka okusebenzayo kanye nokuthuthuka ngempumelelo kwamabhu amaqabunga kusatshalaliswa yizimo ezithile: umswakama owandisiwe kanye lokushisa komoya, okungaphakathi kuka +19. 24 ° C. Lezo zinambuzane ezihlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama zingaya kwi-hibernation ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zokukhula: kusuka kumaqanda kuya kubantu abadala. Zonke izigaba zidlulela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi yi-diapause, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izimuncagazi zingakubekezelela ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa - kufika ku-40 ° C. Imvamisa, isikhathi sasebusika, njengenqubo yokuhlwitha, senzeka ezindaweni ezifihliwe: enhlabathini, ngaphansi kwengqimba yeqhwa, izithelo, imbewu neziqu zezitshalo, ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla ngisho nasezindaweni lapho kuvuna khona.

AmaLeafworm ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo angakhula ngokuqhubekayo. Izinhlobo ezinjalo zingena esimweni sokuguquguquka kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu - ngokuncipha okusheshayo komswakama ngenkathi eyomile.

AmaLeafworms, ahlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeRussian Federation, akhiqiza isizukulwane esisodwa ngenkathi eyodwa yokukhula. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukuqubuka kulezi zinambuzane kungabambezeleka impela - kuze kube yiminyaka emibili noma emithathu. Izinambuzane ezihlala enkabeni yeRussia zingezohlobo lwe-polycyclic, ezinjalo zingakhiqiza izizukulwane ezimbili ngonyaka owodwa, futhi uma udlulela eningizimu, izizukulwane ezintathu noma ezine ngonyaka.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu

Isayensi yanamuhla iyazi izinhlobo zezinhlamvu ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi, abamele kuzo abangahlukaniswa izinambuzane zama-berry, izithelo nezitshalo ezihlobiso, amahlathi nezivini. Cabanga ngokuchazwa kwamapheshana ohlobo ngalunye.

1. Ipheshana le-rosette liyakwazi ukuyixhakamfula yomibili esihlahleni somhlobiso nakumajikijolo, nasezihlahleni zezithelo. Izinambuzane ezitholakala esifundeni se-steppe zihlasela ikakhulukazi izithelo zamatshe, esifundeni se-steppe-steppe kanye ne-bushland - izihlahla ze-apula nezapula. Ngonyaka le parasite inika isizukulwane esisodwa, i-hibernates esigabeni seqanda. Ipheshana le-rosette lingaqapheleka ngalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo: uvemvane oludala lunesisu esincanyana futhi amaphiko amancane acishe abe ngu-1,4-2,2 cm.Amaphiko angaphambili ethulwa ngendlela ye-trapezoid, umbala wawo ungahluka kusuka ku-ocher-ophuzi kuya nsundu okumnyama. Ama-hue wezimpiko zangemuva yi-taupe. Izibungu azidluli ngo-2 cm ubukhulu, umzimba uyashintsha, umbala wawo uyahluka: kusuka kokukhanya okuluhlaza kuya komnqumo omnyama.
2. Incwajana yamagilebhisi ingalimaza amagilebhisi nezinye izilimo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lesi sinambuzane singaba nezithelo ezihlahleni eziqinile nezinesigaxa, kanye nasezitshalweni zezithelo nezithelo zomqhele. Ekudleni kwayo kukhona: amagilebhisi, i-juniper, iplamu, i-blackberry, i-aspen, i-oki, uphayini, i-Persimmon, i-mandarin, i-sitrobheli sasendle, i-eucalyptus, njll. Amakhabishi ashiye ngemuva kobusika ayingozi. Baququda amahlamvu, bawashebe bese belifaka ngemisipha. Kwesinye isikhathi izibungu nazo zilimaza amahlumela amasha namathanga. Ngonyaka owodwa, lesi sinambuzane singanikeza izizukulwane ezimbili. Ubusika esiteji sezinkumbi sonyaka wokuqala. Izimpiko uvemvane lwepheshana lamagilebhisi zinombala o-buffy-ophuzi noma wegolide okotshani nephethini elimpunga onsundu, enamabala. Kwesinye isikhathi amabala angahle aqine noma angabikho ngokuphelele. Isibungu singaba ngu-1.8-2.2 cm ubude. Ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba wesibungu sepheshana lamagilebhisi lipendiwe luhlaza okotshani, ingxenye engezansi imvama ilula.
3. Ipheshana lamagilebhisi lingesinye isitha esiyingozi samavini, esikwazi futhi ukuthuthukisa ngempumelelo kwezinye izilimo, ngokwesibonelo, ama-raspberries, ama-hawthorn, ama-sihlahla sasemanzini, ama-currants, njll. Lesi sinambuzane sithelela izithelo, izimbali, namaqanda. Ikhiqiza kabusha ngenkuthalo futhi ngonyaka owodwa kungakhiqiza ezintathu, kwesinye isikhathi izizukulwane ezine. Ibhabhathane elincane leqembu elincanyana linamaphiko angekho ngaphezu kuka-1.5 cm. Umbala oyinhloko wamaphiko angaphambili ngumbala onsundu-onsundu noma onsundu-umnqumo, iphethini: imivimbo ehola-grey, amabhandeshi namabala oku-ocher-aphuzi. Izimpiko zangemuva zingwevu. Ubude bomzimba we-larva abudluli ku-1,2 cm. Inani laso eliphuzi noma luhlaza lomnqumo luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
   

Kubalulekile! Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuvikela izivini, ungalahlekelwa cishe yi-45% yezilimo, futhi nenani elikhulu lamakholoni we-parasite nawo wonke ama-100%!

Okubhaliwe! Njengoba sinenqwaba yezinambuzane, isibalo sezigaxa ezonakele sifinyelela ku-80%. Njengomphumela wokuhlakazwa kweqabunga leqabunga, ukubukeka kwalo akuguquki, kepha izigaxa ezinjalo zinikeza ukuhluma okuncane!

Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kokuphilayo

Ama-ejenti asebenzayo ngokwemvelo anakho ukubhubhisa ipheshana, inzuzo lawo ngaphezu kwamakhemikhali anamandla ukuthi angasetshenziswa kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuthuthuka kwesitshalo. Ziphephe ngokuphelele izinambuzane ezibamba iqhaza ekuvinjelweni, futhi aziqongeli enhlabathini, ezithelweni, noma emzimbeni wesitshalo uqobo. Ngakho-ke, ukucubungula nale mishanguzo kungenzeka zombili ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali futhi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuvunwa.

Imiphumela emihle impela ekulweni namacimbi epheshana ezihlahleni zezihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla zamajikijolo zibonisa izindlela ezinjengokuthi:

Ukulima ngamakhemikhali

Izinyathelo zamakhemikhali ngokumelene namaqabunga amahlamvu zibhekwa njengezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho usebenza nabo, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo emiyalweni bese ushintsha umuthi ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba inkathazo ingaqala ukumelana nayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucutshungulwa okunjalo kunconyelwa ezimweni lapho kunezinambuzane eziningi - ngaphezu kwezikhwanyana ezinhlanu egatsheni elilodwa.

Ngakho-ke, kuleli cala, izinhlobo ezimbili zama-insecticides zingasetshenziswa: ukuthintana nohlelo. Ezangaphambili zinobuthi obuncane, kepha musa ukunikeza njalo umphumela olindelekile. Eyesibili inolaka ngokwengeziwe, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kukhuphuke kaningi, noma ngabe kunezinambuzane eziningi.

Ngokutheleleka okuncane kwengadi ngokumelene neqabunga leqabunga, izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa:

Kubalulekile! Izidakamizwa zePyrethroid zisetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa angeqi ku-23 ° C. Kumanani aphezulu we-thermometer, la mathuluzi awasebenzi. Futhi kungakuhle ukuthi uzisebenzise kuphela njengezinyathelo sokugcina, lapho ezinye izinyathelo zingasebenzi!

Uma sikhuluma ngezindlela zokulwa nesixuku samaqabunga amagilebhisi, khona-ke ukwelashwa okuvela kulolu hlobo lwenkathazo kufanele kuqale ngoFebhuwari. Ekupheleni kobusika, amahlumela nezinseka kufanele zithothiswe ngesisombululo esiningi seNitrafen. Ukwelashwa kwesibili kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhula kusetshenziswa enye yamalungiselelo angenhla, kanti okwesithathu - kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 ngaphambi kokuvunwa. Ngokwebhayoloji kuzoba yisinambuzane noma amakhemikhali - unquma, lapha kutuswa ukuthi kuqhubeke kusuka ekujuleni kokutheleleka.

Izindlela zokupheka zabantu

Uma kunezinambuzane ezimbalwa engadini, khona-ke esimweni esinjalo kungenzeka ukuthi ungene ngezindlela zokupheka zabantu. Imikhiqizo enjalo ilungele ukucubungula ama-berry bush nezihlahla zezithelo. Isibonelo, ukulwa nepheshana le-currant kuvame ukususelwa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-herbal decoctions and infusions - isisekelo lapha singaba umhlonyane, ugarlic, u-anyanisi, utamatisi neziqongo zamazambane.

• Isilinganiso somhlonyane. Sigcwalisa ibhakisi levolumu yesigamu ngotshani olusanda kuqoqwa bese sithela phezulu kwamanzi. Sishiya konke izinsuku ezimbili, okwathi emva kwalokho sikubase ngomlilo silethe ngamathumba. Ngokuhlinzekwa okuncane kwegesi, pheka konke cishe isigamu sehora, vumela ukupholisa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni nasekuhlunga Faka amanzi amaningi kumhluzi owenziwe ngomumo ukwenza amalitha angama-20, uwasebenzisele ukufafaza.
• Isifanekiso ngeziqalo zamatamatisi. Ama-Rhizomes neziqongo zikatamatisi ezingamakhilogremu amabili athululelwa ngamalitha amahlanu amanzi bese kushiyelwa amahora ama-3. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe, ulethe ukumilisa ebilinini bese upheka emlilweni ophansi isigamu sehora. Mawuphole, uhlunge, ucindezela ngokucophelela iziqongo nama-rhizomes, ngaphambi kokucubungula, thela umkhiqizo osuqediwe ngamanzi bese ufaka 40 g wensipho ebhakedeni ngalinye lokulungiselela.
  

Okubhaliwe! Umhluzi ohlanganisiwe weziqongo zikatamatisi ungagcinwa emabhodleleni aboshwe kahle unyaka wonke, kepha endaweni yokugcina kuphela okufanele kube epholile!

Kubalulekile! Ukufakwa kwegwayi kunobuthi, ngakho-ke, lapho usebenza nayo, kufanele kusetshenziswe imishini yokuzivikela!

Yonke le mithi yesintu engenhla isebenza kahle kakhulu ngokumelene nezibungu ezinamandla, uma uzisebenzisa kaningana ngesizini. Kubalulekile ukufafaza izitshalo ezinaleli gciwane ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza futhi masisha ngemuva kokuphela kwalesi sigaba.

Empini yokulwa nezimvemvane, amaqabunga amaqabunga ngokuvamile asebenzisa izicupho eziwuketshezi esekelwe kwisisombululo soju, isinkwa kvass noma ujamu. Ukugcwaliswa okukhethiwe kuthululelwa ezitsheni zamalitha noma emabhodleleni epulasitiki asikiwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili, agcwaliswa yi-¼, bese awaxhoma ezihlahleni.

Uma ipheshana lifinyelela esihlahleni se-apula, khona-ke ekuqaleni kwesizini kungcono ukufeza ukucubungula ngama-insecticides amakhemikhali. Izindlela zokupheka ze-folks kuleli cala zisebenza ngesikhathi sokuzala. Kulokhu, amakhemikhali kufanele asetshenziswe kathathu: okokuqala ngqa ekuqaleni kwesizini, owesibili - ngaphambi kokuqhakaza futhi ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwesithathu.

Ngokuhambisana, kuyathandeka ukususa amahlamvu asongwe ngesandla, ngaphakathi lapho amacimbi epheshana leapula axazululeka khona. Ehlobo, kunconywa ukwelapha ngama-pyrethroids hhayi amahlamvu kuphela, kodwa nenhlabathi esendaweni eseduze yetrunk. Futhi lapho izithelo ziqala ukuthela, ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kuyamiswa bese baphendukela kumalungiselelo emvelo nasekuphekeni kwabantu.

Zama ukungalahli isikhathi lapho ipheshana livele engadini yakho bese unakekela ukubhujiswa kwalo. Izinyathelo ezithathwe ngesikhathi ngeke zivume ukusakazwa kwezinambuzane kuwo wonke umkhawulo wesakhiwo sakho siqu futhi kuzokuvumela ukuthi ugcine isivuno ngokugcwele.

Leaflet

Kuthunyelwe ngu: Сергей
Pest: I-Leafworm (iTortricidae noma i-Olethreutidae)

AmaLeafworms - Izibungu ze-Tortricid moths, zivame ukondla futhi zidonsa ngaphakathi kwamahlamvu asongwe.

Ezinye izinhlobo zingadala izinkinga zezihlahla zezithelo nezokuhlobisa. AmaLeafworms atholakala ezihlahleni nasezitshalweni eziningi zokuhlobisa - kufaka phakathi umlotha, i-birch, i-elderberry, i-elm, i-maple, i-pople, i-rose ne-willow - futhi kuyingozi kakhulu kuma-oki aqondile.

Ezifundeni zethu, izinhlobo ezine zamapheshana zivamile:

• Iqabunga eqandisiwe (Exapate congelatella)
• Imisebe eyisicaba yeqabunga (i-Acleris rhombana)
• Iqabunga leqabunga leRose (i-Archips rosana)
• Incwadzi yeMesh (i-Adoxophyes reticulana)

Ukulimala ephepheni

Qaphela ukuthi lesi sinambuzane asinqunyelwe ekulimazeni kuphela izihlahla ezijwayelekile zensimu, kodwa futhi nemifino yokuphanga, izihlahla zama-apula kanye namapheya. Abalimi bajwayele ukwahlukanisa okunjalo kwalezi zinambuzane:

• amahlumela: kulimaza amahlumela amasha weConifers,
• amabhu okufaka amakhodi: beka izibungu lapho sezilimele khona.

Ukuze ungalahli isivuno (futhi lezi zinambuzane zidume ngokuhlasela okukhulu), udinga ukuhlola izihlahla njalo. Uma ubona amaqabunga edonswa yi-cobweb ayifaka kwi-tube, khona-ke isibungu sesifinyelele ezintweni zakho. Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukusula iqabunga ngokushesha, kepha libambe ngesandla ukuze isibungu singabi naso isikhathi sokukhamba. Ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuhlaselwa kwezitshalo, le ndlela iyasebenza.

Indlela yokuzivikela

Ukuze ipheshana eliluhlaza lingenaso isikhathi sokulimaza izitshalo zakho, ungaba namandla. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ukuqhakaza kuqhume, izitshalo zifafazwa nge “Prophylactin”. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba bahlole amagatsha esihlahla: uma kwenzeka ukuqaphela ama-oviposition, adinga ukusikwa abhujiswe. Enye yezindlela zokuvimbela ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ngu-Isegar. Kuvela ukuthi uvemvane luhlala vele endaweni enobuthi.

Ukukhetha iLeaf

Indlela elula nephumelelayo. Wabona amapheshana afakwa kwishubhu, awadabula futhi awonakalise. Bamba iqabunga liqine, ngaphandle kwalokho isinambuzane singase sitshebe futhi silenge kuwebhu yesicabucabu. Kepha uma isitshalo sesonakalisiwe ngokwanele, le ndlela ngeke isebenze.

Amakhemikhali

Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yilezi: i-Accord, Aivengo, Fatrin. Izindlela zingezepherthths, zisebenza kahle uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lishintsha cishe ngama-22 degrees. Esimweni sezulu esishisayo, izindlela zomzabalazo ngeke, zingaphumeleli. Ungasebenzisi uma isitshalo sonakalisiwe kancane.

Amakhambi esintu

Abaphikisi bama-ejenti anobuthi engadini yabo bavela ngenye indlela elandelayo. Noma ngaphambi kokuqhakaza engadini, ungafafaza:

• ukumiliselwa ugwayi
• ukumiliselwa umhlonyane
• ukumiliselwa kweziqongqongo,
• ukumnika utamatisi
• ukumnika amazambane.

Ngemuva kokuhlungwa kwezitshalo eziqhakazayo kuyaphindwa. Ungalwa futhi ngqo novemvane: emqheleni wezihlahla, ongekho ngaphansi kuka-1.5 m ukusuka emhlabathini, umgodi ungaphanyekwa, ingxenye yesithathu igcwele ngohlobo oluthile lwoketshezi olubilayo. Umthamo we-can ungekho ngaphansi kwelitha. I-ketshezi ingaba yi-kvass yesinkwa noma, ngokwesibonelo, i-compote yezithelo eyomisiwe. Ukudla okunjalo kulengiswa ebusuku, lesi isikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu wezinambuzane. Kusesekuseni kuphela isicupho esidinga ukususwa ukuze izinambuzane ezizuzayo zingangeni kuso.

Ungamane ulengise ibhande lesigaxa kusuka ekuqhekekeni esiqwini sesihlahla. Kuhlanzwa ngemuva kokuvunwa, kulelizwe ngoJulayi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ibhande liyashiswa. Le ndlela isebenza kahle, yize kubonakala sengathi ekuqaleni ayisebenzi.

Izimvemvane zasemini zingaqoqwa ngesandla, azisebenzi. Kuliqiniso, zinenkinga ukubona emagatsheni ezihlahla. Sikucebisa ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko ngamabhande okuzingela asiza ukuvikela ingadi ezifweni ezihlaselayo.

Futhi yize lesi sinambuzane sithathwa njengesimbangi esiqinile kumphathi wegadi, umzabalazo nepheshana awunzima ikakhulukazi. Futhi uma ukhathazeka ngenkinga kusenesikhathi, lobu bubi besayithi lakho kungenzeka bungathinti.

Ukulimala kusuka emapheshana

Izibungu zama-walkers amaqabunga zidla amaqabunga amasha ezintekenteke zezitshalo, zizinikeze ukubukeka okugundile, nazo ziyagoba bese zibopha amaqabunga ngokuhlanganisa imicu kasilika, zakhe indawo yokukhosela ehlangene.

Izibungu zeLeafworm zisonta amaqabunga ezihlahla.

Izibungu zingakwazi ngisho nokugoba izihlahla ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele, imicu yazo eminingi eyisilika ingasibekela sonke isihlahla nangaphansi kwaso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibungu zivame ukuwela emhlabathini ezintanjeni zazo ezi-silky futhi zingahlasela ezinye izitshalo. Kodwa ngisho nezihlahla ezimbozwe ngokuphelele kusilika zingaphinde zikhule uma ziphilile ngenye indlela, ngaphandle kwezithombo ezincane zezihlahla nezihlahla.

Ukuphatha kanye nokuzabalaza

Isu elihle kakhulu lokulawula amapheshana ukulawula izibungu zesizukulwane sasebusika entwasahlobo.

Ehlobo, ama-insecticides angasetshenziswa ukulwa nabadala noma izibungu. Amahlumela okuhloswe ngawo abantu abadala kufanele asetshenziswe ngenkathi indiza ye-peak moth.

Kodwa-ke, sihlala sincoma ukuthi wenqabe ukusebenzisa ama-ejenti anobuthi, ukhetha izindlela zemvelo zokulawula izinambuzane eziphephile.

Izitha zemvelo zamaqabunga

Amashiya anezitha eziningi zemvelo. Izinhlobo eziningana zez iminyovu zesinambuzane nezimpukane eziyizidlakudla zingahlasela izibungu zamaqabunga. Iningi lalawa ma-parasitoid anezibungu ezikhula ngaphakathi kwezibungu zama-rolling amaqabunga, ezitholakala kuphela ekuhlatshweni yizilwane.

Isitha semvelo samaqabunga amaqabunga yi-wasp parasitic.

Ngemuva kokudla izibungu zamaqabunga, i-Wasp noma iFly yakha ikhukhunjana elimhlophe eduze kwesibungu esishwabene ngaphakathi esidlekeni saso. I-cocoon emhlophe iyisibonakaliso sokuthi i-parasite inikeze ukulawulwa kwemvelo phezu kwepheshana. Amabhubesi ommbila, amabhungane angababulalayo, namanye amabhungane nawo ayizitha zemvelo nezitha zomaqabunga. Izinyoni kwesinye isikhathi zidla izibungu kanye ne-pupae, yize zivame ukukhetha ezinye izinambuzane. Lezi zitha zemvelo zivame ukusiza ukugcina usongo lwamapheshana engadi aphansi.

Lwela ukuheha abazingeli abalungile kwesilwane sakho, izitshalo zakho zizophila ngokuhambisana nemvelo.