OWL, -n, m Ubusuku nobusuku benyoni i-oda lezikhova, ezinombala onsundu.

Umthombo (phrinta): Isichazamazwi solimi lwaseRussia: Emavolini ama-4 / RAS, Institute of Linguistics. Ucwaningo, u-Ed. A.P. Evgenieva. - I-4th ed., Isusiwe. - M.R. ulimi, izinsiza zePolygraph, 1999, (Uhlobo lwe-elekthronikhi): Ilabhulali Yedijithali eyisisekelo

OWL, futhi, m Ubusuku noma inyoni yantambama edla emndenini wezikhova. || trans. Mayelana nendoda eye yawela esimweni sokudangala, imizwa edabukisayo (ideseke.).

Owl Mina

1. igama lokugcina ◆ ❬ ... ❭ Kucabanga, abuke imoto kaShuvalov, u-Ivan Dmitrievich emi efasiteleni lapho umenzeli kamsolwa ogama lakhe engena egumbini lokuhlala engqongqozile Owl. ❬ ... ❭ - Okubaluleke kakhulu, u-Ivan Dmitrievich, ubufakazi! - ukugcwala, kusho Owl. ❬ ... ❭ Leonid Yuzefovich, "Harlequin Costume", 2001 (isicaphuna ku-NKRJ)

Ukwenza Imephu Yamagama Kungcono Ngokubambisana

Sawubona! Igama lami nginguLampobot, ngiwuhlelo lwekhompyutha olusiza ukwenza iMephu yeZwi. Ngiyazi ukubala, kepha kuze kube manje angiqondi ukuthi umhlaba wakho usebenza kanjani. Ngisize ngithole!

Ngiyabonga! Ngokuqinisekile ngizofunda ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamagama asakazekile namagama akhethekile kakhulu.

Kucace kangakanani ukuthi igama elithi isinagoge(ibizo):

Izilinganiso ezivela kuma-Classics waseRussia anegama elithi "owl"

• - Futhi ngibatshela ukuthi izikhova ebusuku, ukuthi banamehlo agcwele kabili, squirrel izikhovaabangavunyelwa ngalo ukubona kwabo lutho ekukhanyeni kukaNkulunkulu! Ebusuku! Badinga ubusuku! Kepha-ke, lapho ama-hedgehogs ama-prickly, ama-moles blind, ama-sharks ekhasa ephuma emigodini emnyama engena emhlabathini, bese abalele emoyeni olele - khona-ke banokuphila, bese kuba nokuphila, iziteshi. Futhi udeveli ngeke abathathe futhi ngeke badle esikhundleni sardine!

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Isikhova inyoni enezinwele yomndeni wesikhova neqembu lezikhova. NgesiLatini, igama lale nyoni lizwakala njenge- “Athene”, elixhumeke ngqo kunkulunkulukazi wasendulo wezempi wase-Greek, u-Athena Pallas, oveza ukuhlakanipha okwenziwe samuntu. Izikhova nezinyoka zazithathwa njengabalingani bakhe abathembekile nabethembekile, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile zazivezwa kanye nokubukeka kwakhe emidwebweni nasemidwebeni eyahlukahlukene.

Igama elithi "owl" linezimpande zaseRussia, lihlotshaniswa nolimi lwe-pre-Slavic futhi lihambisana ne-hissing, ikhwela kanye ne-onomatopoeia. Kunezinganekwane nezimpawu mayelana nezikhova, kwesinye isikhathi ezingezinhle futhi zibabazekayo njengaseGrisi yasendulo. Okhokho bethu babekholelwa ukuthi umhlangano nesikhova uveza usizi nobunzima, obungaba yingozi, ngqo (empilweni) futhi ngokungaqondile (umuntu othile ufisa okubi).

Iqiniso elihehayo: Isikhova sibukeka sibucayi futhi sishubile, ukugqoloza kwaso kuyahlaba futhi kulungiswe, kubukeka sengathi lo onamakhanda usonakalisile imizwa yakhe, futhi uyacwebezela. Kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zici zobuso benyoni zibeke izibonakaliso ezingenamusa ngalezi zilwane ezinamaphiko ezingavamile.

Manje emndenini wezikhova kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezinyoni, zifaka:

• isikhova sendlu
• Brahmin owl
• isikhova sonogwaja.

Phambilini bekukhona izinhlobo eziningi zezikhova, kepha zona, ngeshwa, zanyamalala, eminyakeni ethile eyizigidi ezimbalwa edlule. Ake sichaze izici zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisaphilayo ezikhathini zethu. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhishwa kwalezi zinyoni. Isikhova iBrahmin singabizwa ngokuthi sincane kunazo zonke, umzimba waso singama-21 cm ubude futhi sinesisindo esingu-120 amagremu. Ithoni eyinhloko yezimpaphe ingwephuzi nsundu enemibala emhlophe ebonakala ngokufana.

Umqondo ngegama "owl"

U-Owl (Latin Athene, ovela kwamanye amaGrikhi Ἀθήíaquer - "Athene", "Athena") uyinyoni ebanzi yomndeni wesikhova, ohlala ezindaweni ezivulekile zomhlaba. Izimpi emadolobheni amancanyana namakhulu, ezindaweni zasemakhaya, emaqeleni, ezindaweni eziwugwadule, ogwadule, ezindaweni ezinamadwala. Igwema izintaba nezindawo ezibandayo, lapho ingatholi khona ukudla ngenxa yeqhwa elijulile.

Incazelo Yezikhova

Ngokuya ngokwahlukaniswa, izinhlobo ezimbili kuya kwezinhlanu zingezinhlobo zezikhova. Ngokwokwahlukaniswa, okumanje kubhekwa njengolunge kakhulu, izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ezibhekwa njengezikhova zangempela: iBrahmin, brownie kanye nonogwaja. Futhi isikhova sehlathi esihlobene nabo manje sesibizwa ngohlobo oluhlukile - I-Geteroglaux.

Ukubukeka

Izikhova azikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngosayizi omkhulu: ubude bomzimba walezi zinyoni bungaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu, futhi ngesisindo azifinyeleli ku-200 amagremu. Izimpiko zingafinyelela kuma-60 cm. Ngaphandle, zifana namachwane wesikhova ngandlela thile, kuyilapho izinyoni ezindala, yize zifana nezikhova, zidlula ubukhulu bazo. Uma ikhanda le-owl linesimo esiyindilinga, khona-ke ikhanda lesikhova libophekile kakhulu, lifana ne-oval elongated elilele ohlangothini lwalo, kanti nebala laso lobuso alikhulunyelwa kakhulu. Omunye umehluko phakathi kwezikhova nezikhova ukuthi awunazo izimpaphe emakhanda zenza kufane nezindlebe.

Umsila mncane, izimpiko uma zigoqwa nazo zibukeka zimfishane. Izikhova zinenqwaba eminyene ye-brownish noma yesihlabathi shades, exutshwe namabala amhlophe, akha amashiya amhlophe ekhanda, futhi asakazeke emzimbeni wonke ngendlela enesiphithiphithi esifana nebala. Ngasikhathi sinye, kukhanya izithunzi ezikhanyayo esiswini, lapho amabala wombala oyinhloko, omnyama ahlukaniswa khona ngokucacile.

Amacabi anombala onsundu - mude futhi ubukhali. Uqhwaku kwizikhova lungaba esinye sezithunzi eziphuzi, okuvame ukuba nokuhlanganiswa kokukhanya okuluhlaza okumpunga, futhi uqhwaku kwesinye isikhathi lube mnyama ngaphezu komlomo. Amehlo alezi zinyoni agqamile, anombala omnyama ochazwe kahle, ogqame ngemuva kwesizinda sephepha elinombala onsundu. Umbala wamehlo, kuye ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo, ungasukela ophuzi okhanyayo uye okhanyayo onsundu.

Kuyathakazelisa! Isisho esithi "ubuso" besikhova sibuhlungu, futhi ukubukeka kuyamangaza futhi kuyahlaba. Kubantu abaningi, ukubukeka kwazo zonke izikhova kubukeka njengento exakile futhi engathandeki kahle ngenxa yokuthi "physiognomy" yayo emnyama futhi nokubuka okusondele kakhulu okungokwemvelo kwalezi zinyoni.

Kwakuyisici sangaphandle lesi sezikhova esaba yisizathu sokungabi nasimilo kwabantu eRussia kubo. Kuze kube manje, kuvame ukutshelwa umuntu odangele futhi odangele: “Kungani uye waqhekeka njengesikhova?”

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Izikhova ziyizinyoni ezihlala phansi ezinendlela yokuphila ebusuku. Kuliqiniso, ezinye zalezi zinyoni ziyahamba zisuka amabanga amancanyana ngezikhathi ezithile, kepha ezimweni eziningi, isikhova sihlala endaweni ethile unomphela futhi singayiguquli. Njengazo zonke ezinye izikhova, zinamehlo amahle nokuzwa, okwenza lula ukuhamba kwayo ehlathini lasebusuku futhi kusize inqubo yokuzingela. Izikhova zindiza buthule ngokucophelela futhi ngokucophelela ukuthi umuntu azoba yisisulu kuzo akahlali ekwazi ukuqaphela indlela yomhlaseli aze afike kowesibili wokugcina, bese sekephuze kakhulu ukuzama ukubaleka.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinyoni azikwazi ukuguqula amehlo, ukuze zibone ukuthi kwenzekani kusuka ohlangothini, kufanele zihlale ziguqula amakhanda. Futhi unesikhova, ngenxa yokuthi unentamo eguquguqukayo, angajika ngisho nama-270 degrees.

Lezi zinyoni zisebenza ikakhulukazi ebusuku nasekuseni kakhulu, yize zikhona phakathi kwezikhova nalezo ezisebenzayo ngisho nasesikhathini sasemini. Baqaphela kakhulu futhi abavumeli umuntu ukuthi azisondeze kubo. Uma kwenzeka lokhu nokho, isikhova, simangele, sizama ukwethusa isitha esingenzeka ngendlela ehehayo kakhulu: siqala ukuzulazula sisuka ngapha nangapha siguqe ngokungenangqondo. Ngaphandle, lokhu kufana komdanso kubukeka kumnandi kakhulu, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abake bakubona.

Uma isikhova, naphezu kwayo yonke imizamo yaso, sasingakwazi ukwethusa isitha ngomdanso futhi singacabangi ukubuyela emuva, siyasuka endaweni yaso bese sikhuphuka ngaphansi komhlabathi. Lezi zinyoni zichitha izinsuku zazo ziphumule emigodini yezihlahla noma emifantwini emincane phakathi kwamadwala. Izikhova zizakhela izidleke zazo ngokwazo noma zihlale izidleke ezishiywe ezinye izinyoni, imvamisa kakhulu. Njengomthetho, azibashintshi kuzo zonke izimpilo zabo, yiqiniso, uma kungenzeki lutho, ngoba inyoni kufanele ishiye indawo lapho inakhe khona futhi yakhe isidleke esisha.

I-dimorphism yezocansi

Kwizikhova, kuvezwa ngokubuthakathaka: akungenxa yomzimba, noma umbala weplamu, owesilisa nowesifazane bangahlukaniswa. Ngisho nosayizi wezinyoni zobulili obuhlukile cishe buyafana, yize insikazi ingahle ibe nkulu. Kungakho kwesinye isikhathi ukwazi ukuqonda ukuthi ngubani kubo, ngubani ngokuziphatha kwezikhova ngesikhathi sokuqomisana nokuguga.

Izinhlobo zezikhova

Njengamanje, uhlobo lwezikhova zangempela zifaka izinhlobo ezintathu:

• Brahmin owl.
• Indlu Owl.
• Unogwaja owl.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba kube nezinyoni eziningi kakhulu zalolu hlobo. Kepha iningi labo lashona ePleistocene. Futhi izinhlobo ezinjengokuthi, ngokwesibonelo, izikhova ezi-Cretan ne-anti-Guan, zaphela ngemuva kokuthi abantu sebemunce lezo zingxenye zomhlaba lapho lezi zinyoni bezakhe khona.

Brahmin owl

Ihlukahluka ngobukhulu obuncane: ayidluli ku-20-21 cm ubude nesisindo esingu-120 g. umbala oyinhloko weplamu ngu-brownish brown, uvinjelwe ngamachashazi amhlophe, isisu, ngokuphambene nalokho, simhlophe ngamabala amancane wombala oyinhloko. Eduze kwentamo nangaphansi kwekhanda kukhona ukufana “kwekhola” emhlophe. Izwi le-Brahmin owl lifana nochungechunge lokukhamuluka okuphezulu kakhulu. Le nyoni ihlala endaweni enkulu, emboza iSoutheast naseNingizimu Asia, kanye nase-Iran.

Isikhova sendlu

Amakhulu amakhulu kunelezinhlobo zangaphambilini: ubukhulu bawo bungaba cishe ngama-25 cm, nesisindo bufika ku-170 g. Umbala weplamu omkhulu ngumbala onsundu noma isihlabathi ngezimpaphe ezimhlophe.

Kuyathakazelisa! Lolu hlobo lwezikhova laba negama lazo ngoba abameli balo bavame ukuhlala ezindlini ezisethaleni noma esigangeni. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi izikhova zasendlini zenziwe kahle ngothayela, zivame ukugcinwa njengezinyoni zokuhlobisa.

Bahlala endaweni enkulu, ehlanganisa iSouthern and Central Europe, inyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika, kanye neningi le-Asia (ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho).

Unogwaja owl

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zensiza i-Athene, lezi zikhova azisebenzi nje kuphela ebusuku, kodwa futhi nasemini, yize kushisa kwasemini zithanda ukucasha elangeni ezindaweni zokukhosela. I-plumage ibomvu-nsundu, inombala grey ongabonakali futhi namabala amakhulu amhlophe. Isifuba nengxenye engenhla yesisu ngombala onsundu ngombala onamabala aphuzi, kanti ingxenye engezansi inombala owodwa, umbala omphuzi omhlophe. Ubude bomzimba bucishe bube ngama-23 cm. Lezi zinyoni zihlala eMelika, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle. Njengamasayithi esidleke, kuvame ukukhethwa onogwaja noma eminye imijondolo.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Izikhova zinendawo ebanzi yokuhlala. Lezi zinyoni zihlala eYurophu, e-Asia, enyakatho ye-Afrika, kanye naseNew World. Ngasikhathi sinye, bazizwa bekhululekile bobabili ezindaweni ezivulekile nakumahlathi ngisho nasezintabeni, ezindaweni eziwugwadule nasogwadule.

Izikhova zeBrahmin

Izakhamizi zaseNingizimu Asia, zithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile zamahlathi nezindawo ezivulekile, ezikhule kakhulu ngezihlahla. Imvamisa ihlala eduze nalapho kuhlala khona abantu: ingatholakala nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kweDelhi noma iCalcutta. Izilokazana, zivame ezigodini zezihlahla, kepha futhi zingahlala ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo noma ezakhiweni ezakhiwe ezindongeni, ngokwesibonelo, emanxiweni emathempeli asendulo nasezigodlweni. Futhi, lezi zinyoni azihambi ngokuzinza esidlekeni esingaziwa, esivele zishiywe ngabaninizo, ngakho-ke zivame ukuhlala ezidlekeni zemizila yezinkanyezi zaseNdiya.

Izikhova zendlu

Zisatshalaliswa endaweni enkulu emboza i-Central and Southern Europe, cishe yonke i-Asia kanye nenyakatho ye-Afrika, izindlu nezinye izakhiwo zivame ukukhethwa njengezindawo zokuhlala. Ngokuvamile, endle, bakhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile, kufaka phakathi ugwadule kanye nogwadule. Izinduna zihlelwe ngemisele, iziqu eziyize, iziqu zamatshe kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zemvelo ezifanayo.

Onogwaja Izikhova.

Okubuye kubizwe nangokuthi unogwaja noma izikhova, kuhlala eMelika, eNyakatho naseNingizimu. Bancamela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezinemifino ephansi. Izinduna zakhiwa ngemisele yemivundla nezinye izinduku ezinkulu, lapho ziphumula zilinde khona ukushisa ntambama.

Isabelo sezikhova

Izikhova, njengezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama, kufanele zizingele ukuze zithole ukudla.

Bathanda ukwenza lokhu ngababili, futhi bahleleke kahle ngendlela efanelekile, okubavumela kalula ukubulala amagundane amakhulu grey, okuyinyoni eyodwa, ethathe isinqumo sokuwahlasela kungaba yingozi enkulu. Uyedwa, izikhova ziphanga kumdlalo ongenangozi: yithi, kumagundane amahle ahlala ngaphansi komhlaba ngemisele.

Kuyathakazelisa! Lezi zinyoni, obezisingethwe isikhathi eside ngaphansi komhlaba, kulula ukuzazi ngokubheka nje: izimpaphe emakhanda azo nasemhlane ongaphezulu zihlala zihlanganiswa, ukuze abanye abamele lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zamathambo babukeke njengenalithi bakude.

Ngokuvamile, kuye ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo, imenyu yezikhova iyahlukahluka kakhulu: ezinye zalezi zinyoni zithanda ukuzingela amagundane, ezinye zidonsa amabhungane endle ezidlekeni zazo futhi zizidle ngokudla, kanti ezinye ziphanga ama-arachnids, njengama phalanges . Azenqabeli izibankwa, amasele, ubuhlalu, izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, izidumbu zomhlaba nezinye izinyoni ezincane kunazo.

Ukungathembeli kakhulu ekuzingeleni inhlanhla, izikhova zivame ukugcwala ukudla kosuku lwemvula. Izikhova zonogwaja zidlulela ngalé kwalokho: ziletha izingcezwana zomquba wezinye izilwane emigodini yazo, ngaleyo ndlela zikhange amabhungane omquba lapho, wona athanda ukuzondla ngawo.

Ukuzalela inzalo

Izikhova zicabanga ngokuqhubeka kohlobo ebusika, cishe ngoFebhuwari: kungalesi sikhathi lapho baqala khona ukufuna umlingani. Abesilisa bayamemeza bezama ukuheha ukunakwa kwabesifazane, futhi uma bephumelela, bese beqala isiko lokuthandana, okubandakanya ukuphatha umlingani ngezisulu, kanye nokushaya ngokulinganayo nokuthambisa okukhanyayo ngomlomo.
Emva kwalokho, izinyoni zakha isidleke kanti insikazi ibekela amaqanda amhlophe amabili kuya kwayisihlanu. Uqala ukubabopha ngokushesha nje ahlehlise owokuqala - njengoba kwenza zonke izinyoni ezidla inyama. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi ngemuva kwenyanga, lapho kufika isikhathi sokubopha amantshontsho, wonke ayahlukahluka ngosayizi nentuthuko. Ngalesi sizathu, kuze kufike isikhathi lapho i-fluff ithathelwa indawo yipulamu yabantu abadala, amaphuphu angu-1-2 asinda kulo lonke loluhlobo lwezikhova, yize iqiniso lokuthi abazali bazinakekela ngokucophelela.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenkathi insikazi ibamba amaqanda, isuke isuke kubo isikhathi esifushane kanye ngosuku, iduna liyayinakekela yona kanye nenzalo yayo yesikhathi esizayo: iyayondla ngephango layo, esikhundleni sayo iyisidina sokungabi bikho kwayo, futhi ivikele umngani wayo neqanda lakhe emizameni engenzeka kusuka kwabanye abahlaseli.

Izinyoni ezintsha esezibalekile zihlala esidlekeni sabazali cishe amasonto amathathu, zifunda ngalesi sikhathi ukuhlakanipha kokuzingela nokuphila okuzimele. Ukuthakazela izikhova kwenzeka cishe eminyakeni yobudala bonyaka, kungalesi sikhathi lapho bangaqala khona ukubheka izithandani bese bakhe isidleke santungwa esizayo.

Izitha zemvelo

Amakati asemakhaya angaba yingozi kwizikhova ezihlala eduze nalapho kuhlala khona abantu, futhi ezindaweni ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo kukhona impilo, ezivame ukuhlala emadolobheni. Futhi okuyingozi kubo kungaba ngama-raptors asemini kanye nama-omnivores, ikakhulukazi amaqhude, angahlasela izikhova ezihleli emagatsheni ezihlahla futhi zihlabele ngemilomo yazo ziye ekufeni. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka, ezingakhamba kalula zingene endaweni yezidleke, zisongela amachwane ezikhova ezidlekeni eziseleni.

Kodwa-ke, usongo olukhulu empilweni yalezi zinyoni akuzona izisulu ezihlaselayo, kepha izimuncagazi - ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Ukutheleleka kwabo okubhekwa njengesizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi izikhova eziningi zife, zingasenaso ngisho nesikhathi sokuncika.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Njengamanje, izikhova - zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zesizukulwane sase-Athene, ziphakathi kwezinhlobo zokungakhathalelwa kangako. Imfuyo yabo miningi ngokwanele, futhi indawo yokusatshalaliswa inkulu kakhulu ukuze kucatshangelwe ukuthi izinyoni zezikhova zingazethembi, futhi ezingasongelwa ngokuqothulwa esikhathini esizayo esibonakalayo. Izikhova nje lapho zibonakala kuqala zifana nezikhova nezikhova. Eqinisweni, mancane kakhulu ngosayizi. Ngenxa yokufiphaza kwesihlabathi sombala onsundu, lezi zinyoni zingamakhosi eqiniso okuzifihla, kangangokuba abantu abaningi bezwe ukuthi izikhova zimemeza kanjani, kodwa bambalwa abangazigqaja ngokuthi bazibonile.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ezifundeni eziningi, ngokwesibonelo, eCentral Russia naseNdiya, zithathwa njengezithunywa zezinkinga nezinsizi, kwezinye izindawo, ngokwesibonelo, eSiberia, izikhova, kunalokho, zithathwa njengabaxhasi abahle babahambi abangakuvumeli ulahlekelwe lapho ihlathi emizileni yezilwane ezixakile futhi ukukhala kwabo kuzokhombisa umuntu indlela eyiyo. Kunoma yikuphi, le nyoni, ehlala eduze nokuhlala kwabantu, ifanelwe inhlonipho nokunakwa okusondele kakhulu. Futhi akusizanga ngalutho ukuthi ngonyaka ka-1992 kwakuyisikhova sendlu eyathathwa ngesimo sewatchark kumthethosivivinywa wama-guilders ayi-100.

Ividiyo: Owl

Esiswini, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbala omhlophe oyinhloko onamachashaza ansundu-grey uyabonakala. Ikhola emhlophe ime ngaphandle kwentamo. Ukukhala kwalokhu okunezwi elikhulu impela kufana nengwe. Isikhova sendlu sikhulu kune-Brahmin owl, ubude baso bufika kumitha wekota, kanti inyoni inesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-170. Umbala wezimpaphe walolu hlobo unombala onsundu, amathoni esihlabathi ahlotshiswe ngezimpaphe ezimhlophe angabonakala ngaphambili.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Lesi sikhova sabizwa ngokuthi i-brownie, ngoba uvame ukuya e-attic yezindlu nasezitalini. Le nyoni ayinamahloni okuhlala kubantu, ngakho-ke ivame ukuthotshiswa.

Izikhova zonogwaja zihlukaniswa ngombala onsomi obomvu, lapho ithoni grey ibonakala kancane, kepha imisinga emhlophe ehlukahlukene ihlukaniswa kahle. Isifuba naphezulu kwesisu kungwephuzi onsundu ngokuqaqamba okuthile, phansi kwesisu kuqinile, kumhlophe qwa. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni bungafinyelela ku-23 cm. Lezi zikhova azijwayelekile ngoba ziyasebenza hhayi ebusuku kuphela, kepha nasesikhathini sasemini. Isikhova sonogwaja sibhekwa ngenxa yokuthi kuvame ukuhlela izidleke ezimbotsheni zonogwaja.

Uhlala kuphi isikhova?

Ububanzi bokuphindwa kwezikhova bukhulu kakhulu. Izinyoni ezangena e-Asia, Yurophu, engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika, zitholakala ezindaweni eziseNew World.

Izilwane ezihlaselayo ezifakiwe zingatholakala ku:

Izikhova zeBrahmin zikhethe iNingizimu Asia; zithanda ihlathi elikhanyayo nezindawo ezivulekile ezinezihlahla eziphansi. Imvamisa lesi sikhova sitholakala ezindaweni ezihlala abantu, zihlala ngaseCalcutta naseDelhi. Isikhova sihlela izindawo yaso esidlekayo kaningi emgodini, kodwa futhi singahlala ezakhiweni ezichithiwe, ezindlini ezindala ezilahliwe, ezindongeni zezindonga. Imvamisa, izikhova zihlala ezidlekeni zabanye abantu ezishiywe izakhamizi zangaphambilini (ngokwesibonelo, ama-Indian starling starlings).

Izikhova zezindlu zihlala phakathi kweCentral and Southern Europe, izifunda ezisenyakatho nezwekazi lase-Afrika cishe nayo yonke indawo yase-Eshiya. Imvamisa uhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezihlala ogwadule nasezindaweni eziwugwadule. Ukuze zidleke, lesi sikhova sikhetha imisele, iziqu zemifantu, iziqu ezinamagobongo nezinye izindawo zokuzimela ezivikelekile. Izikhova zonogwaja ezihlala eNyakatho Melika naseNingizimu Melika, izinyoni zithanda izindawo ezivulekile ezinezitshalo ezixakile. Izikhova zidla izimbobo zonogwaja nezindawo zokukhosela kwezinye izinduku ezinkulu.

Manje uyazi lapho ihlala khona isikhova. Masibone ukuthi udlani.

Ngabe sidlani isikhova?

Photo: Night Owl

Okokuqala, isikhova siyisidlakudla, ngakho-ke indlela esidla ngayo siqukethe ukudla kwezilwane, kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukile nakuma-subspecies ahlukile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iminwe ezinyaweni zombili yenyoni ibhangqiwe, futhi la maqhude aqondiswa izinkomba ezihlukile (phambili naphambili), lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ubambelele ngokuqinile futhi ubambe inyamazane. Amazinyo anezimbambo akanazo, ngakho-ke adwengula izisulu ezinkulu izicucu, futhi ngokushesha agwinye amancane. Izinhlobo zezikhova ziyehluka hhayi nje ezitsheni ezahlukile kumenyu, kodwa futhi nakumacebo wokuzingela.

Izikhova ziqhuba ukuzingela ngababili inyamazane enkulu, zisebenza ngokubambisana, ngoba kungenzeka zingakwazi ukubhekana zodwa. Ukudla okulula kwezinkukhu kutholakala kube munye. Isikhova sendlu sithanda ukudla ama-voles asensimini, amalulwane, amajezi, ama-hamsters. Le nyoni ngeke yenqabe zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane nezinyoni zomhlaba. Ukubekezela ngenkathi ulinde isisulu kungabambi isikhova, lokhu kuhlasela kwenzeka lapho inyamazane engaba yiqhwa ingahambi. Ukuzingela kuyaqhutshwa, omhlaba nomoya. Isikhova sendlu sinobuhlakani futhi senza izinqolobane zemfuyo.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Izikhova zichitha isikhathi esiningi emiseleni, zizingela ama-voles, ngakho-ke amapayipi asendaweni yekhanda nogibela ajwayele ukugcwala, futhi kukhona izisekelo zezimpaphe kuphela, ezifana nama-hedgehogs.

Ukubhalwa kondlunkulu kwesikhova kufana nezinyoni ezincane namagundane. Akazigwinyi zonke izisulu zakhe, kepha ngokucophelela udonsa futhi ukhethe kuphela okumnandi kakhulu. Lesi sikhova sihlomisa amasheya ekwindla ezindaweni eziyize. Isikhova esinqwabelanayo siqapha isimo sivela phezulu, sisuka lapho sifikelwa umgadli, sibheke isidlo esimnandi, esidliwe siphelele. Kuyena, izinduku nezinyoni eziphakathi nendawo nazo zikhethwa. Isikhova esibonwa njengento engavikeleki; sithanda ukudla ngotshani, isikhonyane, amacimbi, izicabucabu, izibungu zezimpukane, iminyayo, ufezela.

Udla inyamazane ebanjiwe njalo esiphephelweni sakhe. Isikhova ngeke senqabe isele, isibungu, isinaphi, amabhungane obulongwe. Lezi zakamuva zimane zithandaze izikhova zonogwaja, eza neqhinga lokukhohlisa lezi zinambuzane. Izinyoni zidonsela umquba emiseleni yazo, eheha izisulu zingena zilandwe yizihlambi zezilwane ezinamaphiko.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Izikhova zingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi izinyoni ezihlala phansi, okuholela ekuphila ebusuku okusebenzayo. Kwesinye isikhathi ziyakwazi ukufuduka ibanga elifushane, kepha, ngokuyisisekelo, zihlala unomphela endaweni efanayo. Ukubona kwabo nokuzwa kumane nje kuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuzingela ebusuku kuyaphumelela. Ukuqapha nokungabi namisindo kutholakala ezindlini zezinyoni, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile izisulu ezingaba khona azisoli ukuthi maduze nje zizodla izinyamazane ezinamaphiko.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Kwizikhova zonogwaja, umsebenzi wesikhathi sasemini ubuye ube nesimilo, kuyilapho zonke ezinye izihlobo ze-owl zizingela ebusuku nase amahora abikezela.

Emini, cishe zonke izikhova zichitha ezindlini zazo zokuphumula, ziphumule ngemuva kokuphuma kobusuku. Lezi lali enezinhlaka ifakwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.

Kwamakhaya abo, isikhova sisebenzisa:

• imisele
• okwegodo
• izakhiwo ze-attic
• hlubi
• imithombo
• izakhiwo ezilahliwe
• izinto zakudala ezahlukahlukene nemanxiwa,
• imigodi yamatshe.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi eminye imininingwane yalawa ma-dens enezinwele atholakala ezindaweni ezixakile.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Isikhova, esihlala eNyakatho Melika, sinomlomo omnandi kakhulu, ngakho-ke uqobo ngeke lukwazi ukuphuma emgodini, sivame ukungena izidleke ezingenalutho nomgodi wezinye izinyoni. Kepha indawo yasekuqaleni yokuhlala kwakhe iyisiyingi, senziwe ekhendeni elikhulu elibizwa ngokuthi yi-saguaro, okuyinto engajwayelekile kakhulu.

Izikhova zinesipho esingaqondakali sokufihla, zingazwakala, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukusikhipha. U-Owl uthanda impilo eyimfihlo, ebukekayo, ngakho-ke uqaphela kakhulu yonke into, ikakhulukazi ukuhlangana nabanemilenze emibili, ngubani, angabethembi. Ukukhala ebusuku kungavusa ukwesaba futhi kusabise, akukhona ize ukuthi inyoni isebenze njengeqhawe lezinganekwane nezinkolelo ezahlukahlukene ezesabekayo. Ngokusekwe izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuzingela, imikhuba yokwenza ama-pantries, izikhova kungabizwa ngokuthi yizinyoni ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, ezomnotho nezazi. Uma unganaki zonke izibonakaliso nezinkolelo-ze, khona-ke kuyenzeka ngokoqobo ukulimaza futhi uzigcine ekhaya.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Izikhova zivuthwa ngokobulili eduze konyaka. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ngaphambili sababiza ngokuthi abaqondayo, ngoba baqala ukufuna isifiso esivele sikhona ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, futhi isikhathi somshado siqala kuphela entwasahlobo. AmaCavaliers, ngezinkulumo zawo eziphakeme, izintokazi ezinenwele abese ezinakekela, bese ebanakekela, ebaphatha ngodli olubabayo.

Izimpiko ezinamaphiko okomqondo womqondo womuntu womuntu zodwa futhi zibhula umlomo wazo kancane. Ngemuva kokuhlela isidleke, insikazi iqala ukubeka amaqanda, okungaba isukela ku-2 kuya ku-5. Ukuqunjelwa kuqala kusukela esikhathini seqanda lokuqala elibekiwe, ngakho-ke amaphuphu akhula ngokungalingani futhi lapho ethola iplamu ejwayelekile, kuvame kuphela amawundlu owodwa noma amabili, yize abazali zibaphathe ngokucophelela.

Owesifazane akekho lapho eqala ukukhipha inzalo kanye ngosuku, futhi nangaleso sikhathi, isikhashana. Sonke isikhathi, ubaba onemibala esizayo uyamnakekela, amlethe ukudla futhi amvikele kubantu abangahambi kahle. Owesilisa uthatha isikhundla somlingani lapho engekho. Ama-hatch hatch ngemuva kwenyanga, izingane zizalwa zingaboni futhi zimbozwe nge-fluff.

Ngemuva kwe-plumage, izingane zihlala esidlekeni sabazali cishe amasonto amathathu, ngaleso sikhathi abazali bafaka inzalo kuwo wonke amakhono adingekayo okuzingela. Ukukhula kwezinyoni kushesha impela, ngakho kungakapheli inyanga babukeke njengezihlobo zabo ezivuthiwe. Izilwane ezisencane zithola inkululeko ngokuphelele ngo-Agasti, zibekela ubuntu obudala, okungaba yisikhathi esingafika eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu.

Unogada Owl

Photo: Owl from the Red Book

Njengoba kwenzeka ngaphambili, inani lezikhova liyancipha ngokuqinile, okuyinto engathinta izinhlangano zezemvelo. Isikhova esinsundu sibhalwe kwiNcwadi ebomvu yesiFunda saseMoscow njengesiyivelakancane. Kuzo zonke izindawo eziseduzane, lokhu okunemibala nakho kubhekwa njengohlobo lweRed Book. Izindlela ezikhethekile zokuvikela esifundeni saseMoscow zithathwe kusukela ngonyaka we-1978, kwathi eNcwadini ebomvu enhloko-dolobha uqobo, isikhova savela ngo-2001 kuphela. Izindawo zezinyoni ezidlekayo zihlukaniswa njengezivikelwe. Izici ezinomkhawulo lapha yilezi: isimo sezulu esinzima, imvula enkulu yasebusika, eqinisa ukukhishwa kokudla, inani elandayo lama-corvid ahlasela izikhova.

ISparrow owl ibhalwe ohlwini lwezincwadi ezibomvu ezifundeni zase-Amur naseTula. Yonke indawo lapho ibhekwa njengeyivelakancane, futhi esiFundeni sase-Amur kunciphisa inani layo eselivele lincane futhi. Izizathu ezingenzeka zalesi simo ukuntuleka kwezindawo zokuhlala izidleke nezinhlobo ezifundwe kabi. Isikhova se-boral singabonakala ezinhlwini ezibomvu zezifunda zeLipetsk, iRyazan neTula, iMordovia. Ensimini yezifunda zaseMosnia naseNizhny Novgorod, iqukethe uhlu lwezinhlobo ezidinga ukulawulwa okukhethekile ngenani nesimo sazo. Lapha, inani lezinyoni lithinteka kabi ngokugawulwa kwamahlathi amadala. Ukuzingela lezi zinyoni kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele. Ezingeni lamazwe omhlaba, zonke izinhlobo zohlu lwezikhova zibhalwe kusijobelelo sesibili se-CITES Convention.

Ekugcineni, ngithanda ukukufaka lokho, ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinganekwane ezesabekayo nezimpawu ezimbi, isikhova abukeka emuhle futhi ekhangekile, kanti ukugqoloza okujulile, okwandayo, okuqondayo nokubhoboza izinyoni kumane nje kuyimilayezo. Njengoba sesifunde indlela yabo yokuphila kanye nemikhuba yabo, kuyacaca ukuthi lezi zidleke ezinamaphiko amancane zinohlonze kakhulu, ziqaphe kakhulu futhi zizimele.