I-aquarium fish gourami ayidingeki ekuthunyelweni. Izinhlanzi ze-Gurami zavela kuma-aquariums isikhathi eside futhi zanqoba ngokuqinile indawo yenye yezinhlanzi ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ezingathetheki.
Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuletha lezi zinhlanzi eYurophu ngokushesha. Babanjwa eThailand, naseVietnam, naseziqhingini zaseMalaysia, kodwa inhlanzi ayikwazanga ukukubamba ngisho amahora angama-24 futhi yafa njalo. Ngalezo zinsuku, ukuthuthwa kwezinhlanzi ezihlukile kwakuqhutshwa ngendlela yendabuko - emiphongweni eyenziwe ngokhuni eyayigcwele kuze kube semanzini.
Bambalwa abantu ababazi nge-biology yezinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth, yize kwaba yile minyaka eParis lapho uCarbonier afunda futhi wabhula ngempumelelo i-macropod. Ukungakwazi ukufinyelela emoyeni wasemkhathini, gourami wasinda kuze kube sekupheleni kokulayisha imiphongolo emkhunjini. Ngemuva kwemizamo eminingi engaphumelelanga, izinhlanzi zahlukaniswa njengezinenkinga, futhi ukuhanjiswa kwazo kuyema iminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Izithombe zemabula yemabula
OFakazi bakhungathekile: ngesimo sokubanjwa gourami Kwenziwe ngemigqomo yemvula, imisele, imigwaqo elahliwe enamanzi angcolile futhi anodaka - inhlanzi yayisiyini ngesikhathi sokuhamba? Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nje kuphela, umuntu othile waseYurophu obukhali obukhali, ebuka izidalwa eziyigugu endaweni yokugcina imvelo, wabona ukuthi izinhlanzi ngezikhathi ezithile zikhuphukela emanzini ngemuva kwesibabule somoya.
Ngokweseluleko somqhubi we-Indonesia, wagcwalisa iziqukathi zokuthumela nge gourami izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamanzi futhi azange aqale ukuzisonga. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zabafuduki zathunyelwa endaweni yazo ngaphandle kokulahleka okukodwa. Ngokokuqala ngqa, iYurophu yahlangana ne-gourami ebonakalayo iTrichogaster trichopterus (Pallas, 1977) ngonyaka we-1896.
I-Aquarium fish gourami kusabalele. Ngokushesha, ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-labyrinth gourami kwaphumelela. Imithwalo yokuqala yezinhlanzi, nayo eyasakazwa ngempumelelo, yafika eRussia ngonyaka we-1912 - 1915.
Empeleni, umqondo ojwayelekile futhi onemibandela kakhulu gourami kufaka izinhlanzi zezinhlobo eziyi-12 ezivela ku-5 genera ehlukene (Osphronemus, Helostoma, Sphaerichtys, Trichopsis kanye noTrichogaster), kanti uhlobo lweHelostoma lwabelwe abanye abacwaningi emndenini ozimele.
Ngokokukhuluma, empeleni gourami Enye yazo inhlanzi enkulu (efinyelela ku-75 cm) i-Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, ngo-1802, ethathwa njengokudla okumnandi phakathi kwezakhamizi zaseSunda Islands. Izinhlanzi zezinye izinhlobo zincane kakhulu - zisukela ku-30-centimeter kissing gourami (Helostoma temminskii) to vidogo (3-4 cm) gourami (Trichopsis pumilus).
Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwama-aquarists ngabameli be-genus Trichogaster. Njengamanje, indlela ebunjiwe ye-gourami ebonakalayo ezindaweni zokugcina amateur ayivelakancane, okuthiwa i- marble gourami etholakala ngokuwela i-gourami ebonakalayo enamanzi amasha ahlala cishe lapho. ISumatra iyi-subspecies yeT trichooterus sumatranus, enemibala egqamile. Ukukhetha okulandelayo kuvunyelwe ukuthola amasampula wombala ogqamile ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isiliva nombala wensimbi esemuva ngemivimbo ethandekayo namabala ngemuva komzimba.
Okungaphakathi gourami ukungathobeki, ukulula kokulondolozwa kwabo kanye nokuzalela kwabo kuvumela iningi lezazi zasemanzini ukuba zibabheke njengesigaba esidlulile, uhlobo lwensimbi eyandayo endleleni yokuthola ulwazi lomuntu siqu. Njengomphumela, kunokwehla kwesidingo sabo, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nesizinda sabantu abaningi abamangazayo abasha abavela emhlabeni jikelele.
Yiqiniso, inani eliphakeme lokuthandwa gourami njengenhlanzi ye-aquarium isidlulile isikhathi eside, kodwa ngenhlanhla, asikho isidingo sokukhuluma ngentshisekelo yokuphelelwa yithemba okuvela kubo bobabili abaqalayo kanye nabadlali abasemazweni abanolwazi. Lokhu kufakazelwa ukuvela okuqhubekayo kwezindlela ezintsha zokuzalela ze-gourami ngombala ongajwayelekile, kanye nokuba khona okubalulekile kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile ekuqinisekisweni kwamabhizinisi okuhweba ngezilwane ezifuywayo.
Gcina i-trichogaster ilula futhi ijabulisa kakhulu. Ukubhekwa isikhathi eside kwezinhlanzi ezinempilo ezondliwe kuyinjabulo yangempela futhi akunakukhathaza, ukuphahlazeka kwabo kanye "nokuhlalisana", ukukhohlisa okukhohlakele kokuzenzisa ngokungafanele. Uma ukufana okunjalo kungenzeka, khona-ke ezinhlotsheni ezine zokufutheka, incazelo ye "sanguine" ilungele kakhulu i-gourami. Ukuhamba, intshisekelo engapheli kukho konke okusha - noma kungumakhelwane e-aquarium, isigaxa sikhasa odongeni noma into yomhlobiso ebekwe nje ezansi - konke lokhu kubenza bangafani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi.
Izithombe zeGolden Gourami
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-gourami (ngaphandle kwe-chelost), imisebe yangaphandle yamaphinifa we-pectoral iyaguqulwa futhi ithathe imicu emide emide esebenza njengesitho sokuthinta. Lezi zinqubo zokubhanqaniswa kwezinhlanzi ezinobucayi bokuhlekisa zihlola izinto ezingaziwa. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, igama lama-amateur elithi "threadbare" lalisetshenziswa kaningi kunegama elithi "gourami".
Inhlanzi ithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, amazinga okushisa angama-24- 26 degrees C, dGH 8 - 10, PH cishe ngo-7. Amanzi angcono kakhulu, afiseleka esikhundleni sawo (afinyelela ku-1/3 wevolumu) kanye ngesonto. Naphezu kwekhono lezinhlanzi zokuba khona kokushoda komoya-mpilo, ziyakhula futhi zikhule kangcono ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile ze-aquarium ezinama-aeration asungulwa kahle nokuhlungwa, ubuncane bezinto ezincibilikisiwe nezinomisiwe. Izinkomba ze-oksijini ezinhle zemvelo azithinti isidingo sezinhlanzi zokuzenzela "kabusha" umoya wasemkhathini - lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe lapho kugcinwa, futhi kube njalo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ukuntuleka kokufinyelela komoya kuholela ezinguquko ezingenakuphikiswa emikhunjini yesitho sokuphefumula esiyingqayizivele (ilebhu), futhi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ukufa kwezinhlanzi kwenzeka ngokungenakuphikwa.
Ezindaweni ezinamanzi ezinokuthwala ngentambo, kuyafiseleka ukuba nezitshalo zasemanzini eziminyene, kodwa ngesikhala samahhala esidingekayo sokubhukuda nokupakisha imidlalo. Kumathangi angenazo izitshalo, i-gourami iba namahloni ngandlela thile futhi ihluke kakhulu kumbala. Umthamo we-aquarium wokuqukethe amabhangqana ambalwa wabakhiqizi abadala kufanele okungenani ube amalitha ayi-100.
Ukuphaka uGourami
Bonke abameleli bohlobo lweTrichogaster bamangalisa ngempela, ngaphandle kwalokho, mhlawumbe kwe-pearl gourami T.leeri, okuphathelene nokudla okungezelelwe. Uma ezinye izinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth zijwayela kalula kunoma yikuphi ukudla kwezilwane nokutshala, khona-ke lezi zithatha ngokushesha zonke izinhlobo zokudla okungazwiswanga, zikunambithe ngokudla nangesilinganiso esikhulu. Emvelweni, izinhlanzi ngokusobala azonakalisiwe ukuze zidliwe, okuholele ekushintshaneni kokudla okukhona - izinambuzane, izibungu, izinto eziphilayo, imfucuza yokudla, iziloba ezingezansi - njengoba besho, zingena nje emlonyeni.
Ema-aquariums, abaphethe imicu, ngaphezu kokudla okujwayelekile kwendabuko, yidla kahle inyama yenkomo, inhlanzi, izinkukhu, inhliziyo, isibindi, i-oatmeal, isinkwa esimhlophe, ushizi osetshenzisiwe, ushizi onamafutha amancane, njll. Umuzwa wokulingana kwezinhlanzi ushiya ukufiseleka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukungavumeli ukweqisa, izinhlwathi zabantu abadala zikhuthazela ukuzila ukudla okungama-1 - 2-wiki ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Akukhulunywa ngisho nokulahleka kwesisindo okujwayelekile ezimweni ezinjalo kuyaphawulwa, kanye nokukhula kokuhlukumezeka okungathi sína nokuqina.
Photo gourami sowesifazane
Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuzibophezela okukhethekile gourami uhlobo lokudla olungabalulekile njenge-daphnia eyomile ne-gammarus. Ngemuva kokuzwa iphunga lezinto ezinhle, izinhlanzi ngokoqobo zikaSathane, zixosha omakhelwane, futhi, zifike ku-feeder, zibambe ukudla okuvela ebusweni kanye namabhamuza omoya, okuholela kumphumela wokuncintisana okukhulu. Kuyiqiniso, ayilandeli kulokhu ukuthi izinhlanzi kufanele zondliwe ngama-crustaceans omile, lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi noma kunjalo kuphela ukubona "ukusebenza" okuthakazelisayo.
Emvelweni, amabala amabala namabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka afinyelela kubude obungu-12-14 cm; ezindaweni zasemanzini, zona kanye nezinhlobo zemabula ngokuvamile zikhula zingadluli ku-8-10 cm. I-dimorphism yezocansi ekuhlobiseni zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ingalandelelwa ngokusobala - abesilisa bakhulu futhi banamabala amancane, umbala wabo uqhakazile, namangqayi - isikhathi eside. Indlela elula yokuthola ubulili yizinhlamvu ezingabesilisa, ezinkulu nezinkulu emadodeni, okuvame ukuqeda amaphutha ekukhetheni abakhiqizi.
Ukuzalaniswa kweGourami
Imabula evuthiwe ngokobulili gourami kuvame ukuba kube sekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ukulungiselela abakhiqizi bokuqhekeka kuyancipha kuphela ekudleni okuthuthukisiwe kokuphakelayo kwezilwane okuhlukahlukene. Lapho kuzalaniswa, kufanele kukhunjulwe imithetho eminingana: okokuqala, ukunwebeka kubhangqwe ngambili futhi ubukhona bezinye izinhlanzi bomuntu noma “isizwe” somunye asikhishwe ngokuphelele.
Okwesibili, amanzi asezindaweni ezinwebekayo zokusakazwa yi-gourami (umthamo wamalitha angama-50-60) kufanele athambeke kalula kune-aquarium, ikakhulukazi nge-dKH, ngama-4-5 degrees. Amanzi abilisiwe ngokuvamile alungile, kufanele agcotshwe ngamandla amahora ama-3 kuye kwangama-4 ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa. Yebo, futhi okwesithathu - ukwanda kokushisa kubophekile kuwo wonke ama-labyrinths ukuya kuma-29 - 30 degrees C, lokhu emvelweni nakho kusebenza njengomfutho wokuqalisa kwesikhathi sokuzala.
Isidleke, ukwakhiwa owesilisa owabandakanyeka kuso, sakhiwe ngamabhamuza omoya ahlanganiswe ndawonye nokugcinwa kwezindlala zasesibelethweni ukuvimbela ukuqhuma futhi kusabalala ebusweni. Inobukhulu obungalingani kanye nobume obungajwayelekile. I-nesting kanye ne-skeleton yizitshalo ezintantayo nezinwantayo ebusweni bamanzi. kuyo yonke inkathi yokunwebeka, umuntu kufanele anqabe i-aeration, ukuhlunga, kanye nokuxuba okujulile kwamanzi ezindaweni ezivulekile. ICaviar ine-buoyancy enhle, enikezwe ngokuqukethwe kwamafutha angama-30 - 40% kwiqanda ngalinye. Ehudulwa ngowesifazane aze afike enkabeni yesidleke, ngokushesha avundiswa ngowesilisa, lowo ngokuzayo ophathiswe ukunakekela inzalo.
Ngemuva kokusaphaza, insikazi kufanele ibuyiselwe ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Iziduna zisebenza ngokugcotshwa amaqanda angenamakhaza, kepha ukuze kuvikelwe amaqanda ku-mycosis, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (3 mg ilitha lamanzi) iyanezelelwa emanzini. Uma ifiswa, i-caviar, kanye nesidleke, ingadluliselwa ngenetha eliminyene ilifaka kwesinye isigaxa esihlukile, ihlinzeke ngezimo ezifanayo nomthamo wezibulala-magciwane, kepha kungcono futhi kunokuhlupheka okuncane ukushiya lapho kunakekelwa owesilisa.
Isithombe sowesifazane obonwe gourami
Embhangqweni ocebile wabantu abadala gourami kunenqwaba ye-caviar (ezimweni zasemanzini 1 - 1.5 izinkulungwane zama-PC.). Ku-28 - 30 degrees C, izibungu ziyabhekelelwa ngosuku, ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezi-2 - 3 ziqala ukubhukuda futhi zigxile efwini elimnyama ngaphansi kwenkaba yesidleke. Sonke lesi sikhathi, owesilisa uvikela ngenzalo yakhe ngokungakhathali, ebuyela endaweni yokuhamba nokufuna kakhulu “amahlebezi”.
Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi, ngisho nasebusuku, kuyadingeka ukushiya isibani se-incandescent esingu-15 - 25 W ukhanyiswe phezu kombhede ovuthayo, uvutha ukukhanya okugcwele. Ebumnyameni ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa abasebasha, imvelo yomzali ivame ukuncipha.
Cishe usuku lapho izibungu sezishintshele ukubhukuda okusebenzayo, owesilisa uyasuswa ezindaweni ezinamaphara futhi amancanyana ayondliwe.
Ukudla okuhle kakhulu okuqala "ngothuli oluphilayo", amasiko wasekhaya wamanzi amnandi nama-brackish rotifers: izinsuku zokuqala ezintathu kuya kwezine, akusekho okunye, ungathola nge-Paramecium caudatum ciliates.
Fry gourami khula usheshe, kepha dinga ukudingidwa njalo nangokuningiliziwe. Eminyakeni eyodwa yenyanga sebevele baba njengamaconsi amabili amanzi afane nabazali babo futhi bakopisha impela imikhuba yabo.
Isitho se-labyrinth sikhula e-gourami ngosuku lwe-10-16 emva kokuzalwa futhi sisebenza kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo. Emikhunjini yokukhula, umuntu angakwazi ukulandelela zonke izigaba zokuguqulwa kwefry ibe abamele ngokugcwele bomndeni we-labyrinth.
Intsha iba yinhle ngokukhethekile lapho ifika usayizi nesimo sembewu yethanga. Abanye abathanda-abalimi bezokuzijabulisa bada futhi basungula ngokukhethekile izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasemanzini ngomhlambi (ama-75 - ama-100 ama-pcs.) Ezinsizane zalesi sayizi, ngezikhathi ezithile zibuyisela indawo engaphezulu kwenhlanzi entsha.
E-aquarium enkulu enenqwaba yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene (mhlawumbe ezincane-ezine-leved), umhlambi onjalo uqoqwa endaweni evulekile (kungcono ukuwuhlelela maphakathi nedamu). Ngokudlala ngokungagudli futhi ukunqwabelanisa, izinhlanzi ezincane, njengokungathi zilandelana ngokulandelana, enye ilandelana ngombani iphonsa ebusweni, bamba ama-bubble emoyeni bese ibuyela endaweni yayo. Umbono wokujabula kwangempela nokujikeleza ngezintambo zawo ezimfushane ezimnandi, izingane ziyanizwa noma zixoshelane, ngenkathi zihlela ukulahlwa kokulahlwa nokuhlangene.
I-Stock Photo Pearl gourami
Izinhlanzi ezisencane ziyagxuma kakhulu, futhi izikejana ezinazo kufanele zimbozwe ngesembozo, ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa igebe eligunyaziwe phakathi kwalo nendawo engaphezulu kwamanzi ayi-1 - 1.5 cm.
Lowo omele kakhulu umbala wohlobo uTrichogaster uthathwa njenge-pearl gourami - T.leeri (Bleeker, 1852). Abesilisa baba muhle kakhulu, njengoba benesisu esihle obomvu besisu segazi, i-brown-brown back kanye nezici ezicwebezelayo ezisakazeke emzimbeni wonke wezinso, zifana nobuhlalu beparele. Abesifazane badwetshwa kakhulu hhayi ngokuzwakalayo.
Izimo zokugcina nokuzalanisa ziyafana nalezo ezinamabala agqamile namabula. Kuliqiniso, amaparele angafani kakhulu ne-thermophilic, ancamela izinga lokushisa lama-26 - 28 degrees C ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile nama-30- 32 degrees C ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Ukuqalwa kokuqalwa njengakwabanye abamele uhlobo, kepha imidlalo yokuzalelana kanye nomzuzu wokubeka amaqanda iyamangaza. Njengoba ingaphansi esidlekeni, izinhlanzi zigobisa umzimba wonke ngama-engeli angenakucatshangwa, "zivalelisana" futhi zikhombisa cishe ipulasitiki yomzimba wenyoka. Manje lapho lukhuni, bese ligijimisa ngokunyakaza okubukhali kwe-spasmodic, owesilisa usiza owesimame ukuzikhulula emaqanda.
Izibungu nefry of T.leeri mncane kakhulu kunaleyo yemabula gourami, futhi ukuvuleka komlomo wazo kungamamicroscopic ngokuphelele, “ukukhulisa” nokukhulisa inani elikhulu lezintsha kungumsebenzi onzima. Ukudla okuqala kungaba yiParamamum kuphela noma “uthuli” oluhle kakhulu. Izibungu zikhula kancane futhi zingalingani kakhulu kunabameli bezinhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-aquarium, pearl gourami finyelela ku-8 - 10 cm, kepha nezinhlanzi ezindala zinemilomo emincane kakhulu, kungcono ukhethe ukudla okuncane nendawo okuphakathi kwazo. I-T.leeri iphatha okuphakelayo okwenziwe ngokufakwayo nokwenziwe isitshalo kubanda kunabazalwane abanamabala amabala amabala-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha kancane kancane nayo ingajwayela zonke izinhlobo zokudla okuvamile ezindaweni zasemanzini.
Abanye abameleli bohlobo lweTrichogaster - Inyanga yangempela gourami I-T..microlepis ne-T.pectoralis ebomvu ngokubomvu ayitholakali kakhulu kwifomu elihlanzekile kuma-aquariums. Zingama-5 - 6 cm amakhulu kune-gourami ebonakalayo, umbala wemvelo walezi "Indochinese" awubonakali kakhulu. Kepha ngokubamba kwabo iqhaza ngokuqondile, izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzalela zithathwe - igolide, ulamula, obomvu (i-cosby) nabanye abaningi. Ama-hybrids aqoqwayo awadluli ngo-10 cm ngosayizi, kepha acinene futhi andeka njengezinhlobo eziphambili. Bathathe indawo efanelekile ezindaweni zokugcina amateur kanye nethala lamapheya kanye nemabula.
Thenga i-gourami
Kungcono ukuthenga izinhlanzi ze-aquarium nge-gourami ezinyangeni ezingama-4-6 ubudala, ukhethe ngokucophelela izinhlobo ezinemibala egqamile, enempilo. Uma ukufuya okuningi kuhlelelwe, kungcono ukuthi uthathe ngokushesha abantu abangu-12 - 15 abasebenza umoya ezindaweni ezikhethekile bese ugcina umhlambi wamalitha angama-150 - 200 ezindaweni zasemanzini, ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezinethezekile nokudla okuningi.
Izithombe zemabula yemabula
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi okusha okusha okutholakele gourami badinga zonke izindlela zesintu zokuhlukanisa abantu, kungenjalo izinhlanzi zingase ziveze lezimanga ezingalindelekile nezikhohlisayo: abantu bangaphandle, abanempilo enhle ngokuphelele, abaqeqeshiwe bavame ukuthwala lonke iqembu lezifo ezingamagciwane. Lapho etshalwe emanzini okuhlobisa nezinye izinhlanzi, ukutheleleka okukhulu kwezakhamuzi zawo kwenzeka.Umqondo oshubile walesi simo ukuthi abathwali balesi sifo uqobo abanazo ngisho nezimpawu zomonakalo zangaphandle ezimbalwa ngesikhathi lapho abanye abahlala kule ndawo bafa kudala, okubonisa izindlela zakudala zezilonda ezigcotshisiwe, ukulahleka kwamehlo (i-exophthalmia) ne-izicubu ezinkulu ze-necrosis. Futhi abahlukumezeli benhlekelele bayazi ukuthi ubhukuda futhi ujabule, mhlawumbe, ngezikhathi ezithile nje bababaza uhlangothi lwabo kokuthile okungaphili futhi balahlekelwe wukudla kwabo. Ngeshwa, izimo ezinjalo zivame kakhulu, kepha akwehlukile. Ngeshwa, ukuthambekela okuphansi kwe-gourami kwi-bacteriosis "kunxephezelwa" ukuzwela kwabo okwandayo kokuhlasela kwe-protozoa ne-flagella, ezimweni ezinjalo, izinhlanzi ziyagula kanye nabanye.
Ngakho-ke, bonke abathwali bezintambo abasanda kufika badinga ukuhlukaniswa ngokuphelele kwemvelo ecasulayo - bengakubheki ukubukeka esitsheni esihlukile, kepha amageza aqinile kwizisombululo “ezinzima” zeNaCl, i-rivanol (i-ethacridine lactate), i-malachite eluhlaza ene-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nemithi elwa namagciwane (biomycin, oxytetracycline). Izinhlanzi kufanele "ziphumule" emanzini amasha, avikelwe kahle; ngenkathi uhlala yedwa, kungcono hhayi ukuthi ziningi kakhulu, kepha zihlukahlukene.
Kepha, ekugcineni, konke kwenziwa ngokukholwa okuhle, kanti nentsha ebushelelezi "enhle" ithola isisindo namandla echibini elifudumele. Njengoba sesikhulile futhi sasakazeka gourami, awusoze wazisola ngesikhathi esilahlekile noma imizamo esetshenzisiwe, ngoba ngakho konke uzothola umvuzo omuhle wokubuka nsuku zonke ongeke ukhungatheke.
Incazelo
I-Threader inomzimba oyisicaba futhi omude. Esidodeni, ama-anal and dorsal fins are ende and point, in the fem, the dorsal fin is mfushane kakhulu futhi sibi kakhulu. Abesilisa bakhulu futhi bayakhanya, okuyisibonakaliso sempilo yabo yisikhathi eside nesikhulu senkohliso nokuqina kombala wabo. Ngobude, zonke izinhlobo ze-aquarium azidluli ku-12-15 cm, umuntu ngamunye aze afinyelele kuma-25 cm angatholakala emvelweni. Ngaphezu kwesitho se-labrainth suprajugal, izinhlanzi zihlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwesidalwa esikhethekile esifana ne-antennae esisebenza njengesitho sethathi. Le micu iyakhula uma iphuka noma iqhamuka. Lezi zinhlanzi zingaphila isikhathi esingakanani kuncike ekunakekelweni okufanele. Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo ze-aquarium zihlala endaweni ekhululekile iminyaka engaba ngu-5-7.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zinobukhulu obuphakathi kufinyelela kuma-12 cm. Kepha kunezinhlobo ezikhudlwana, njenge-snakeine gourami, emvelweni efinyelela ku-25 cm.
Imikhonto
I-Lunar gourami yabonwa okokuqala emanzini acacile eThailand naseCambodia. E-aquarium, imizimba yabo ifinyelela ku-12 cm. Umbala uyisilivere eblue, umzimba wonke umbozwe ngezikali ezicwebezelayo. Iduna likhulu, i-anal fin imakwe ngumphetho we-orange nemicu yesisu. I-lunar gourami ithathwa njengesilwane esithanda ukuthula, e-aquarium, lezi zinhlobo zihlangana kalula nezinye izinhlanzi.
Pearl
Ukubukeka kwe-pearl kunombala womzimba o-milky onamabala akhanyayo we-pelescent afana nokusakazeka kwethanga. Iduna leparele linesisu esibomvu, i-dorsal fin iyadlula futhi ibukhali, i-anal enkulu enemisebe ebekiwe. Imisipha emnyama kusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni ihamba emzimbeni. Ukubukeka kweparele kungenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezingalibaleki phakathi kwabo bonke abanye, e-aquarium inamahloni futhi inamahloni. I-Pearl threadbill ifinyelela ku-11 cm.
Ukugaya
Ukugungqa kwe-gourami kuncane ngosayizi, kufinyelela ku-8 cm. Ithoni yomzimba eyinhloko igolide ngesisu esinezikhumba eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezinhlangothi ezimthende ezilula. Ukugungqa kwe-gourami kunamaphini amahle amade we-translucent anamachashazi omthunzi we-olive obhula obomvu. Amaphinifa we-ventral, dorsal, kanye ne-anal akhonjwa ekugcineni. Ukukhononda kwabesilisa kuyahlukahluka kensikazi ngobude bamaphinifa nobude bawo. Isikhalazo sinegama laso kumisindo ekhethekile eyenziwe nge-gourami ngesikhathi sombuso ojabulile owenzeka lapho kuqhuma.
Ukuqabulana
Ukuqabula kukaGurami okuvela emndenini we-chelostomy kungokwabamele abanzi; okuqukethwe kwabo ku-aquarium kudinga amandla okungenani amalitha angama-50 umuntu ngamunye. Umqabuli we-gourami uthole igama lakhe lesidlaliso ngenxa yemikhuba engajwayelekile. Izinhlanzi, kungakhathalekile ubulili, ziqabulana izindebe bese zilenga okunjalo isikhashana. Kunezinguqulo ezimbalwa zalokhu kuziphatha, mhlawumbe umqabuli we-gourami usiza umfowabo ukuxubha amazinyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gourami yokuqabula iyakwazi ukwenza izikhathi ezigugile kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlanzwa kwensimu.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zemibala eyehlukene: Ama-chelostoms ase-Thai aluhlaza grey, kanti nenhlanzi yaseJavanese zipinki. Amanzi lawo ngotshani ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, olomuntu kanye nolwengamahlwili. Umuntu oqabulayo uthathwa njengezinhlanzi ezinokuthula yi-gourami, kepha angavikela insimu yakhe ngenkuthalo.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
I-Gourami eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ifomu lombala elisuselwa ekubukekeni okunamahloni. Imvama ukudideka ngokubukeka kwayo okujwayelekile, kepha ngokukhanya okubonakalayo, uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Abesilisa banomehluko okhethekile ekuziphatheni maqondana nobulili obubuthakathaka, ukuzalwa kabusha kwezinhlanzi kwenzeka kulimaza impilo yezinsikazi, evame ukufa ngemuva kokuhlukunyezwa. I-gourami eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ine-immune engaqinile futhi ayivezi isifo.
Isithandwa
I-gourami yezinyosi iyindlela engcono kakhulu yama-aquarists angaqala, njengoba okuqukethwe yilezi zinhlanzi ezingenakubalwa kulula kakhulu. Umbala oyinhloko ngotshani ophuzi wesiliva onomugqa onsundu okhanyayo ogijima phakathi komzimba. Ukuzala kwawo kuhambisana nokwanda kombala kwabesilisa. Ikhanda nesisu ziba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti izinhlangothi nezinongo kunguju. I-gourami yezinyosi ihamba kancane ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke akufanele itshalwe ngomakhelwane abahamba nendlwana abangatha ukudla kuye.
Chocolate
I-Chocolate gourami inomzimba onsundu omnyama onemigqa ekhanyayo mpo yobubanzi obuhlukahlukene. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, umsila uqeda mnyama kumaduna, kanti i-anal fin iba bomvu obomvu. I-Chocolate gourami ikhula ibe ngu-6 cm, ithathwa njengomakhelwane onokuthula e-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zemvelo nezezifiso ezifuywayo. I-dwarf gourami imvamisa ihlala emasimini erayisi, afinyelela ku-4 cm. I-gourami yemabula yayakhethwa kuhlobo lwenyanga, olunabala futhi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-Tiger gourami nayo ingeyeye-nzalo ngenxa yokuvela kwegolide nezinhlobo zemabula.
Phezu kwamanzi, ungabeka iziqeshana zezitshalo ezintantayo: i-richchia, i-fern yamanzi, i-pistii. Zizoba wusizo ekwakheni isidleke se-foam ngowesilisa, lapho ukuqhuma kuzoba se-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Ukondla
Akunandaba ukuthi zingaki lezi zinhlanzi, konke kuzoba kukuncane kuzo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungondleki kunokuzondla ngaphezu kwesidingo. Ngokwemvelo, iTrichogaster idla izibungu zezinambuzane, imfucuza yokudla, nama-invertebrates. E-aquarium, izinhlanzi zidla ukudla okukhona nokuomile. Njengoba umlomo wabo umncane impela, okuphakelayo kufanele kube okungaxhunyiwe. I-bloodworm efanelekayo, ishubhu, i-daphnia.
Ukuzala
Ukuzala abalimi ekhaya kuyinqubo eyaziwayo. Ukusakazeka kwezinhlanzi kuyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi kuyathakazelisa. UTrichogaster ufinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba ngezinyanga eziyi-8 futhi azale aze afike eminyakeni engu-1. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-14-16 zokuphila, ukuzala kwabo kuyaphela, noma ngabe kusetshenziswa umzamo ongakanani. Owesifazane uvame ukwanda amahlandla ama-5 esikhathini sokuphumula sezinsuku eziyi-10-14. Ukusakazeka kwezinhlanzi kungenzeka endaweni evamile ye-aquarium noma ekuqhekekeni. Ukuze i-Spaw iphumelele, abakhiqizi bahlala phansi kusenesikhathi futhi banikeza ukunakekelwa okuhle. Amanzi athululelwa emhlabathini ovundayo ezingeni elingaba ngu-14 cm, izitshalo ezintantayo zibekwa ngaphandle. Ukuzala kwenzeka lapho imingcele yamanzi iguquka, okuzothinta ukuqhuma ngempumelelo: ubulukhuni 4-11 °, acidity 6-7, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka lize liye ku-26-30 ° C (kancane kancane).
Okokuqala, umhlaba wesilisa, okuyodingeka ulungiselele isidleke phezu kwamanzi. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kuqala ukudansa ngemidanso yokuthandana. Owesilisa udlubulundela entombini yakhe amqubule amkhonkxe, ngemuva kwalokho lowesifazane uphonsa amaqanda angaba ngu-500. Mangaki amaqanda azotholwa ngesikhathi sokuhluma kuya ngempilo nobudala besifazane. Njengoba sewanikeze onke amaqanda, insikazi ayisadingeki ekunkuliseni okuqhubekayo. Owesilisa uhlinzeka kahle kakhulu izibungu, ahlukanise abaphilile nabafile, azishaye ngamabhamuza. Fry avele ngosuku lwe-3, kuthi owesilisa asuswe. Ungakhanyisa i-aeration ebuthakathaka bese wehlisela izinga lamanzi libe ngu-10 cm.
Ukuvumelana
Izithwali zentambo ze-Aquarium zivumelana kahle nezinhlanzi eziningi. Zingagcinwa ngama-macropods, ama-cockerels anemisila emifushane, amasikali, i-apistogram, i-characin, i-catfish.
Ukuhambisana okungalungile kwe-gourami nenhlanzi enjenge-cichlids, igolide, kanye nezinhlanzi ze-viviparous. I-pearl ne-gourami yenyanga ingaba nolaka maqondana neminduze noma ama-labeoses, amancane kunawo. Kepha namanye amakhola, izinhlanzi zihamba kahle.
Izici zokubonakala kwe-gourami
Amaphini we-porral alezi zinhlanzi aguqulwe aba izitho ezinobuthi, aqala ukubukeka njengezintambo ezinde nezincane noma izinwele. Kungakho igama lezinhlobo lenzeka, ngoba igama lahunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi "izinwele nesisu".
Emvelweni yemvelo, ama-gourami ahlala emizimbeni yamanzi emincane, imvamisa kakhulu ezindaweni eziqinile. Kungakho kulula ukugcina i-gourami, ngoba ayifuneki kwikhwalithi yamanzi. Ubulukhuni, izinga lokushisa, i-pH, inani lama-nitrate - zonke lezi zinkomba zingahluka uma okuqukethwe kwe-gourami kusemikhawulweni emikhulu.
UGurami (Osphronemidae).
Ama-gourami izinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth, futhi ayakwazi ukubekezelela ngokuqinile okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo osemanzini. Lezi zinhlanzi ziyindlela enhle kulabo abakwazi ukuma umsindo omncane, ngakho-ke bacisha isihlungi ebusuku. Futhi, i-gourami ayihleleli ukuxabana okungadingekile kuma-aquariums futhi ungangqubuzani nabanye abahlali. Babhukuda ngokushesha bezungeza i-aquarium, badle i-algae fouling, kuyilapho empeleni bengazilimazi izitshalo eziphakeme.
Lunar gourami
Iningi lama-gourami alilimazi izitshalo, kepha i-gourami yenyanga ngenkathi kwakhiwa izidleke isebenzisa amagwebu, izitshalo zokubhukuda futhi ingakhipha nezitshalo ezitshalwe emhlabathini. Futhi inikezwe ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zingafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-15-20 ubude, akukho sitshalo esisodwa esingamelana nazo.
IGurami izinhlanzi ezinhle zasemanzini.
Kodwa kunendlela yokuphuma kulesi simo esingathandeki - ungangehlisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi libe ngama-26 degrees. Kulokhu, umsebenzi wokwakha uyancipha, futhi izitshalo zihlala zingalimazi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-gourami izohlanza izitshalo ze-algae njalo.
Ama-gourami anemibala yesiliva, enesizotha impela, kodwa kwabaningi iyathandeka. Abesilisa bangaba nobutha maqondana nezinye izinhlanzi ezi-labyrinth. Isibonelo, bangacasula ama-lalius amancane ne-labiosis. Kodwa inzuzo enkulu yegourami yenyanga ukuthi bahlanza izitshalo ze-aquarium ngenkuthalo.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-gourami
Abesilisa bazo zonke izinhlobo zegourami eluhlaza bakha izidleke “ngemikhono”, yingakho bengazilimazi izitshalo. Izidleke ze-gourami zibonakala zingenabubele. Kepha amaqanda alezi zinhlanzi agcwele ukudla, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuba abe esidlekeni, awazukubila. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-caviar ayidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.
Ama-Gurami izinhlanzi ezidumile phakathi kwama-aquarists.
Iningi labesilisa be-gourami eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesikhathi sokuzalela bakhombisa ukubekezelelana komunye nomunye. Ngisho nabesilisa abambalwa bangakha izidleke ngasikhathi sinye, futhi izingxabano zemingcele zivame ukuvela, kepha ngokuyisisekelo ayikho imiphumela emibi.
I-gurus ewusizo kakhulu iba ekulweni neminenekazi emincane - uFizi namakhoyili. Futhi ngokuzala okungalawulwa, lezi zidalwa ezincane ziyakwazi ukugcwalisa ngaso leso sikhathi yonke i-aquarium. Ngasikhathi sinye, zilimaza kakhulu izitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi ngokwenza izimbobo ezincane ngamaqabunga awo. I-gourami elambile iyazingela ngenkani iminenke nama-hydras.
Lezi zinhlanzi zinemvelo yokufuna ukwazi. Bahlolisisa ngokucophelela ngamatende amade noma yiziphi izinto ezintsha ezibonakala emanzini. Kuyajabulisa ukubona i-gourami, ngokwesibonelo, umhlambi wegourami encane, ngokungathi ngemiyalo, iphakamise umoya wokuphefumula, bese iphindela ngokushesha endaweni yayo yangaphambili. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zingathatha umoya obandayo bese zigula, ngakho-ke azibeki i-aquarium ngaphansi kwewindi futhi izame ukumboza ngesivalo noma ngengilazi.
Khetha i-gourami yakho ngokucophelela.
Yize lezi zinhlanzi zingezimbi, i-aquarium ibukeka imnandi futhi iyathakazelisa ngenxa yombala wayo ohlukahlukene. Ama-gourams awakhethi ekudleni; anganikwa ukudla kwezinhlanzi, uphizi oluhlaza, kanye ne-semolina enamabala. Ngokuyisisekelo, azikho izinkinga ngokudla.
Ungayikhetha kanjani i-gourami efanele?
Ekugcineni, ngifuna ukunikeza izeluleko ngokukhetha i-gourami enempilo. Umbala esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo ngeke ukhanye, ngoba lapho besesimweni sokucindezela. Ngakho-ke, akudingeki unake imibala ekhanyayo. Kepha kufanele ubheke isimo samaphiko. Amaphiko akumele aqhekeke, inhlanzi kufanele iwaqonde.
Izintambo zesisu ku-gourami enempilo zinde. Uma imicu imfushane, kusho ukuthi bagqashula ngenxa yokushoda kwama-vithamini, noma inhlanzi ngokuvamile inobuthi ngokudla okunobuthi. Inhlanzi enobuthi, noma ngabe isesimweni esihle, iyozizwa imbi isikhathi eside futhi ikhule buthaka.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.