Amakhorali amnyama | |||
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Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi | |||
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
Isigcawu: | Amakhorali amnyama |
Antipatharia Milne-Edward et Haime, 1857
- Antipathidae
- I-Aphanipathidae
- Cladopathidae
- Leiopathidae
- I-Myriopathidae
- Schizopathidae
- I-Stylopathidae
Amakhorali amnyama, noma antipatharia (lat. Antipatharia), - ukuthathwa kwama-coral polyps (Anthozoa) Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-230 ziyaziwa, ikakhulukazi ezijulile olwandle. Isikebhe esinemibala emnyama yamakhorali amnyama asetshenziswa embonini yobucwebecwebe ukwenza ubucwebe. Ngenxa yamanani amakhulu ezimayini nokukhula okuphansi ezifundeni eziningi zomhlaba, amakhorali amnyama asatshiswa ngokuqothuka futhi avikelwe umbuso.
Ukusatshalaliswa
Indawo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa kwamakhorali amnyama yizindawo ezishisayo zesifunda sase-Indo-Pacific ezinamamitha ayi-300 ukuya ku-300. Enye yezimpawu ezisetshenziswayo kubo izindonga ezixineneyo zezixhobo zamakhorali. Izinhlobo ezihlala emanzini asogwini zihlala emihumeni engaphansi kwamanzi nasezintabeni [ umthombo awucacisiwe izinsuku ezingama-3797 ] .
Ukwakha
Wonke amakhorali amnyama ayizidalwa zamakholoni eziqukethe i-coenosarc (umzimba jikelele we-colony) nama-polyps amaningi amancane aqhamuka kuwo. Izicubu ezithambile zihlanganiswe nesikhumba samaprotheni sangaphakathi esiqinile, esivumela amakhorali amnyama ukuthi afinyelele kumamitha angama-6,6 ukuphakama (ngokwesibonelo, I-Cirrhipathes rumphii) Imvamisa, amagatsha amakoloni, kanye nezinhlobo zamagatsha ziyafana nalezo zezitshalo eziphakeme. Kunesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele (izembe eliyinhloko namagatsha e-oda lokuqala elihlala lisuka kulo), kanye nokuhlukahluka okuningi okuhlotshisiwe (ngokwesibonelo, i-pseudodichotomy). Izinhlobo zamakoloni I-Cirrhipathes spiralis ifana nesiswebhu ekugcineni esiphendulwe umjikelezo.
Ngokuphikisana negama lamanje, izicubu ze-antipatharium zivame ukuba nombala ogqamile. Empeleni umbala omnyama (omnyama noma onsundu) ubonakala kuphela emthanjeni wangaphakathi, owenziwe ngeprotein eyingqayizivele yemvelo engeyona i-collagen - antipathine. I-skeleton yakha izikhala eziningi, abacwaningi abazithatha njengamagatsha anciphisa kakhulu ikoloni.
Izinga Lokukhula Nempilo Yesikhathi
Ucwaningo oluqondile lokukhula kwe -gengenetic yamakhorali amnyama luyinkimbinkimbi ukutholakala kabi kwezindawo lapho zihlala khona. Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwe-radiocarbon, isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abamele izinhlobo eziningi singamakhulu eminyaka. Iminyaka yokuqopha phakathi kwezinhlobo ezifundwayo yayiyiminyaka engama-4,265 (uhlobo I-Leiopathes) Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhula kwe-colony ekugqineni kuya ngesilinganiso sama-microseter angama-4 - 35 ngonyaka.
Kuyini amakhorali?
Ngesikhathi sokuphila, i-coral iyisitho sangasese se-invertebrate; ngemuva kokufa, iyitshe eliligugu kakhulu. Ngokwakheka, amakhorali ahlanganiswa ne-magnesium, i-organic ne-iron compounds.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngaphambili babengazi ukuthi lezi kwakuyizilwane ezazifanekiselwa ama-polyps. Lapho ngekhulu le-18 usosayensi waseFrance enza isiphetho sokuthi amakhorali ayizinambuzane, wonke umphakathi wesayensi wamhlekisa. Kepha empeleni eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zaqinisekisa ukuthi kwakuyizilwane, kodwa hhayi izinambuzane. Futhi baqala ukubizwa ngama-polyps kuphela ngekhulu lama-20.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-Noble Coral?
Emvelweni, amakhorali amelelwa njengamagatsha ezinhlaka zamathambo. Noble kuthiwa amakhorali efanele ubucwebe. Imvamisa sebenzisa amakhorali abomvu, apinki, amhlophe, amnyama, ama-beige futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Namuhla, amakhorali anqatshelwe ukuthunyelwa kwezimayini nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe (Egypt, Thailand). Ngenxa yezinkinga zemvelo nokushisa komhlaba, ingozi yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele kwamakhorali akhona iphezulu. Ngokushisa okwandayo, ukungcoliswa komoya nekhabhoni dayokishi olwandle nasolwandle, amakhorali ngeke akwazi ukukhula futhi aqale ukuncibilika.
Kungani amakhorali kuthiwa ngamatshe ayigugu?
Ama-coral angena ngokuqinile emfashinini wobucwebe ezikhathini zasendulo. I-coral yathathwa njengophawu lokungafi nokuphila okude komnikazi wayo.
Kunenganekwane ehehayo. UPerseus wandizela phezu koLwandle iMedithera ne-jellyfish Gorgon. Lapho amaconsi ambalwa egazi avela ku-jellyfish, khona amaGorgoni akhula - amakhorali abomvu.
Kuyahlekisa .. Kepha-ke ukuchaza kanjani amakhorali amnyama noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Kulungile, ake lokhu sikushiyele onembeza bamaGrikhi.
Yiziphi izindawo zamakhorali ezaziswa ngemfashini yobucwebecwebe?
1. Faka umbala. Kunemibala engaba ngu-350 yombala wamakhorali. Kwimvunulo yobucwebecwebe, okokuqala, onke ama-pink aphuzi nabomvu asetshenziswa, imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emnyama, emhlophe, ephuzi, yegolide. Ezingavamile kakhulu amakhorali anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
2. Ubulukhuni - 3-4 esikalini samaMohs. Ama-coral adinga isimo sokucophelela kakhulu uqobo.
3. Ubuhlanga. Ama-corals asetshenziselwa ubucwebe alinganiselwe kumanani ekukhiqizweni nasezifundeni. Ama-coral abomvu angatholakala ogwini lwaseJapan, oLwandle oluBomvu nolweMeditera, kanye naseziqhingini zaseHawaii.
Amakhorali amnyama, anombala wawo ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-conhiolin eyengeziwe etholakalayo, atholakala ogwini lwaseNdiya, eHawaii, eduze neMexico. I-Golden hue - iHawaii, kanye neCaribbean.
Isibonelo, ama-coral ase-Hawaii angama-six-point-coral (avela ekuxhumeni kweGerardia) apendwe ngombala wegolide. Ukusuka kule coral faka ubucwebe obubizayo.
"Ukuhweba" amagama wamakhorali
Ama-corals kwesinye isikhathi abizwa ngamagama ahlukile, awahlukanise ngombala:
- I-Bianco - amakhorali amhlophe, atholakala ogwini lwaseJapan, abiza kakhulu
- Igolide - uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi ama-polyps we-hue legolide olutholakala eduze kweziqhingi zaseHawaii
- I-Heliopore - Ama-polyps wombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ongazinzile kakhulu elangeni. Imvamisa upende uyaphela elangeni, kuvela amabala amabi amabi.
- Isikhumba sengilosi - amakhorali e-beige ne-pink hue, isici esiyingqayizivele ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-pelescent.
Ama-Coral Fakes
Namuhla, amakhorali ahlala evakashelwa ubucwebe obuhle. Vele, yonke into ethengisa kahle inezilingiso nezimbumbulu. Esikhundleni samakhorali wemvelo, athengisa ipulasitiki elijwayelekile noma asebenzise amakholi amhlophe angabizi kakhulu apendwe ngombala ohlukile.
Umahluko olula, bheka i-athikili ehlukile: "Izindlela ezine Zokwehlukanisa i-Coral yangempela kusuka kubucwebe."
Bona amakhorali amaningi kuvidiyo entsha: (02 min 21 sec)
Izeluleko Ezilusizo
Re Izixhobo zamakhorali ziyindawo enkulu yemvelo futhi zingenye yezindawo ezihlaba umxhwele futhi ezinhle emhlabeni wethu. Lesi “isikulufa” esibaluleke kakhulu sokuphila ngaphansi kwamanzi, okuthinta ubukhona bezidalwa zasemanzini. Ososayensi abavela e-United States ngonyaka we-2014 bakufakazele ukuthi ama-polyps adalwe ngezixhobo yizidalwa eziphilayo, njengezitshalo. Bakha ithambo labo kusuka ku-calcium emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqala ukuzivikela bebonke ezitheni futhi bazitholele ukudla kwabo kusenesikhathi kunalokho okwakushiwo yisayensi esemthethweni. Lawa maqiniso adonsela isasasa kakhulu kumakhorali. Yini esingayisho ngeqiniso lokuthi lobu bucwebe basolwandle buhle kakhulu, bunokusebenziseka ngokuphelele, futhi imikhiqizo evela kubo ingagcinwa unomphela.
Kukholelwa ukuthi ngisho namaCelt ayethula imfashini yokugqoka ubucwebe bamakhorali. Kusukela lapho, kuncane okushintshile. Ubuhlalu be-coral busabhekwa njengophawu olufashisayo futhi lulungele izitayela zokugqoka ezifana:
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zibomvu, nsundu, zipinki futhi zimnyama. Izimayini zamakhorali ezimboni zenziwa ogwini lwase-Australia, Algeria, Italy, Tunisia.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Abaphilisi bezizwe ezahlukahlukene kudala basebenzisa amakhorali ekwelapheni izifo ezahlukahlukene. Namuhla, ama-lithotherapists enza lokhu. Imvamisa, uhlobo olumhlophe lwesitshalo esingaphansi kwamanzi lusetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Izithasiselo zemvelo ezicebile ku-calcium, amavithamini D3, nezinye izinto ezibalulekile zenziwa kulo. Lapho uthatha lezi zidakamizwa:
- umfutho wegazi ubuyela kokujwayelekile, igazi ligcwele umoya-mpilo,
- kunomthelela omuhle ohlelweni oluphambili lwezinzwa: ukulala kuyathuthuka, ukucindezelwa kuyanyamalala, ukunganaki, i-neva yezinzwa,
- ushukela wegazi uyancishiswa,
- kunokuhlanzwa okungokwemvelo kwesibindi, amanyikwe, izinso,
- kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nesifo samathambo, i-arthrosis, i-osteochondrosis nolunye ushintsho lwe-pathological kwezicubu zamathambo.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwamakhorali kufana kakhulu nethambo lomuntu, ukufakwa kwamazinyo nokufakelwa kwenziwa kusuka kuzitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Izici zokupholisa zamakhorali zithatha yonke imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngalokhu. Ngakho-ke, ubuhlalu be-coral bungakhulula ukuvuvukala umphimbo bese kunciphisa ikhanda. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umhlobiso onjalo uyakwazi ukubuyisa izintambo zezwi. Kungakho ubuhlalu buvame ukugqokwa othisha, abaculi nabaculi. Kepha indandatho izosiza ukukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni.
Abaphilisi baseRoma yasendulo beluleka abesifazane ukuthi bagqoke ubucwebe bamakhorali ukuze belashwe ngokushesha amanxeba noma ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo aphukile. Baze benza ne-powder ekhethekile evela “kumhlali” ogotshwe ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ubethelwe amabala abuhlungu ukudambisa izinhlungu. Ama-lithotherapists anamuhla aqaphela umphumela wokuphulukisa kanye ne-analgesic womuthi.
Bonke abesifazane abaphupha ukunciphisa umzimba kufanele banake ubuhlalu be-coral. Umhlobiso onjalo unganciphisa isifiso sokudla, ususe izinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni.
Abanye abantu ikakhulu abanezinkolelo-ze baphawula ukuthi ukuvela kwemifantu futhi kumnyama kubucwebe kubonisa ukuthi umuntu kufanele ngokushesha abheke impilo, avakashele odokotela, athole imbangela yalesi sifo.
Uma ufuna ukuthengisa ubucwebe be-coral, ukuhlolwa kwe-antique online kungakusiza. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole inani lomlando nelamasiko endulo, inani layo.
* Beka amazwana: abahleli abanesibopho sokuqukethwe nemibono evezwe ezihlokweni ezinesibonakaliso Ⓟ.
Itshe
NgesiGrikhi, "amakhorali" "yindodana yolwandle". Eqinisweni, lesi yisigaqa s polyp. Ama-coral amnyama abukeka njengesihlahla esincane esinamagatsha e-fluffy. Itshe alivumeli ukukhanyiswa ngaphakathi, linama-sheen we-waxy. Igama lesibili lembiwa ngu-Akkabar.
Itshe limbozwe izinganekwane nezinkolelo:
- Ngenkathi uPerseus ekwazi ukunquma ikhanda le-gorgon Medusa, igazi langena emifudlaneni emanzini, lapho laguquka laphenduka amakhorali,
- amaRoma ayisebenzisela ukwelapha amanxeba, njengesithako sokulunywa yizinyoka, izinambuzane,
- kuma-Middle Ages kwakuwuphawu lomusa, isizotha, ukuvikelwa emimoyeni emibi,
- eRussia kwamiswa impilo yomndeni ejabulisayo, yethulwa emshadweni.
Izimayini zamakhorali nokusebenza
Akugcwele indawo yolwandle nolwandle; amaphoyinti amakhulu okukhiqiza yiCuba, uLwandle Olubomvu kanye neNdiya. Ezindaweni eziningi ukudoba akuvunyelwe.
Amakhorali amnyama asembiwa kusetshenziswa imigqa emi-2 emide, kuze kube semikhawulweni yamanethi amanetha. Amaminerali ayaphakanyiswa, ahlanzwa, ahlelwe ngesandla. Ngemuva kwalokho inkosi isika amatshe abe ngamabhondi, ama-polishing. Kwenziwa kaningi:
Isigaba sokugcina sifikelwa yisisombululo esikhethekile samahora angama-36 sokuhlanza ingaphezulu futhi sikhanye.
Unghlukanisa kanjani nenkohliso
Inani lamakhorali amnyama alinganiselwe, okufunwayo nentengo kuphezulu. Emakethe yobucwebe yelitshe bayakhipha:
- Inkohliso. Ukulingisa usebenzisa ingilazi enemibala, upende wamatshe amdaka noma ipulasitiki.
- Amaminerali okwenziwe ngawo. Ikhiqizwe kusukela ngawo-1920s ngokubala i-calcite. Isazi kuphela esizohluka kwesangempela.
- Kucindezelwe amakhorali. Itholakala ngokugaya ama-substandard, izicucu zibe yi-powder, kulandele ukubumba ibhola, i-oval, njll.
Izici ezilandelayo zizosiza ukuhlukanisa okwangempela kwangempela okungeyona inkohliso:
- ingilazi fake isindayo futhi ibanda,
- I-limestone isongwe kalula ngenaliti, ishiye umsele omhlophe,
- ipulasitiki iyancibilika lapho ifudumele, inika iphunga elibonakalayo, imifantu yemvelo yezimbiwa,
- Ukuhlala isikhathi eside emanzini kwenza ukuba amaminerali wemvelo akhanye,
- inani lenkohliso liphansi, umehluko ungaba izikhathi eziyi-10-30.
Bona ukuthi itshe libukeka kanjani:
Izakhiwo nokusetshenziswa kwamakhorali
Ifomula ye-Accabar yiCa (CO) 3, esekelwe ku-calcium carbonate ngokungcoliswa kwe-magnesium, iron, manganese. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali:
- Ubunzima be-Mohs 3.5-5 amaphuzu,
- opaque
- kwabantu 1.3-2.6 g / cm3,
- ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, ithola i-luster engilazi,
- asikho isisekelo se-crystalline - amaminerali yi-amorphous,
- iqukethe i-inclusions, ama-pores,
- ngaphansi kwethonya le-asidi, amazinga okushisa aphezulu ayaqhuma.
Izici zemilingo
Ama-coral amnyama asetshenziswa njengezichichima nezinhlamvu kusukela kudala. Kusakholelwa ukuthi angakwazi:
- yenza amadoda abe nesibindi ngokwengeziwe, abesifazane babe nesisa esithe xaxa
- Gwema ingozi
- vikela kusuka ku-hexes kanye namehlo wokuhlafuna,
- ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda nokuqonda,
- nika ukuthula, ukuthula.
Kunomphumela ohlukile kubantu ngokuya ngesibonakaliso se-zodiac:
- Ama-Aries azokwazi ukubekezelela abanye,
- I-Taurus izokwehlukaniswa ngokuhlakanipha, ukukhuthazela,
- IGemini izosiza ukugwema izimo ezinzima, izingozi,
- Umdlavuza uzothuthukisa amandla ezocansi,
- Ibhubesi akufanele ligqoke itshe - liyoba livila futhi libe nobugovu,
- ngoba iNkosazana iyakuba luphawu lothando,
- I-Libra izokusiza wenze izinqumo ngokushesha, zenze ngaphandle kwezixazululo ezinde ezinesisindo,
- IScorpio neSagittarius bazoba ngumqhubi wokubekezela,
- ICapricorn izokwenza ezothando kakhulu
- ayithinti i-Aquarius,
- izokwenza amaPisces asebenze kakhulu, azethembe ngokwengeziwe kuye.
Abantu abanamagama u-Arthur, uBogdan, uVictor, uVictoria, uNikanor, uNonna bazozwa umthelela omuhle itshe ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukubuka ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo lapho kunemininingwane mayelana netshe:
Ubucwebe obumnyama obumnyama
Amakhorali amnyama asetshenziselwa ukwenza ubucwebe:
Uhlaka lwenziwe ngegolide, isiliva, iplatinamu. Izimbiwa zivame ukuhlangana namarubhu, ama-garnets, i-emerald.
Imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa ezosiza ukugqoka ubucwebe iminyaka eminingi:
- gcina ecaleni
- ihlanzekile njengoba ingcola ngamanzi afudumele nensipho
- yoma ngethawula elithambile ngemuva kokugeza,
- ungagcini elangeni eliqondile ukuze lingashoni,
- ungagezi emanzini ashisayo,
- ungalahli.
Ungagqoka ubucwebe obenziwe ngamaminerali amnyama anemithunzi eminingi ngezingubo. Ifanelwe kahle imhlophe, ophuzi, grey, i-beige, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emnyama. Inhlanganisela ephumelelayo:
- ingubo ehlobo egqamile nesongo,
- ijean eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ijakhethi empunga kanye nomgexo
- ingubo ebomvu namacici,
- isudi yehhovisi elikhanyayo nendandatho.
Ukwakheka nezimpawu
Amakhorali amnyama ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele, akhiwa i-keratin, izingqimba ezigxile zamaprotheni, i-chitin kanye namanzi asolwandle asetshenziswe kabusha. ICalcium carbonate itholakala ezinhlotsheni ezibomvu nezibomvana kuphela, ngakho-ke amakhorali amnyama athambile futhi aqine kakhulu.
Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-polyp asolwandle yi-plankton, i-algae.
Ngokwesilinganiso sama-Mohs, ubulukhuni abudluli ku-4, ukuqhekeka ukuqhekeka, ukuthamba kwabantu kufika ku-6 g.
Ukubaluleka ku-Esoterics
Ama-chakras amakhulu wamakhorali: inhliziyo - pink, umphimbo kanye neso lesithathu - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bonke abanye - bamhlophe.
Inyanga ekhulayo igcwalisa amaminerali ngamandla, anamandla okupholisa. Kepha ungakhokhisi ubucwebe uma inyanga isesigabeni sokudangala noma isigaba senyanga esisha - lapho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, amandla amabi aqoqiwe, futhi esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa ngamandla, umuntu uzizwa ecasukile.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amakhorali amnyama ayebhekwa njengophawu lwemfihlakalo, usizi, ukuncibilika nokulahlekelwa kwamandla kubantu abanamandla ngokwemvelo.
Kukholelwa ukuthi amaminerali amelela ngamandla ukwesaba esikuthola ohambweni olungokomoya - ngenxa yalokho, umuzwa wokuzivuselela ngokwawo uvuselelwa, ama-blockages abangelwa ukuzithemba, ukukhathala, ukucindezelwa noma ukungabi nalutho kuyanqotshwa.
Umuntu unjengokungathi uzelwe kabusha.
Amakhorali anamandla enkulunkulu wasolwandle, amathole, aletha ukuthula, aqinise intuition, athuthukise umcabango nomuzwa wokubuka.
Kunempahla eyodwa emangalisayo - ikhono 'lokuxhuma' ngokomqondo nabafundisi bokomoya futhi bangenise noma yiluphi ulwazi ngesivinini sombani.
I-coral emnyama yaziwa ngokuthi "itshe" lokuvuselela kabusha kanye nokuhlanzwa, ithatha okungekuhle emvelweni, icacisa ingqondo, ebaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwenza izinqumo ezinqala, futhi isiza ukubhekana nokwesaba ubumnyama.
Abantu abanenkinga yangaphakathi yokwesaba noma yokulala bayelulekwa ukuthi bagqoke amasongo noma izindandatho ezenziwe ngamakhorali, ikakhulukazi uma bevame ukuhlushwa amaphupho amabi.
Izinhlobo ze-Black Coral
Isigaxa esenziwe ngesimo somthi esihlotshiswe ngesihlahla sohlobo lwe-Antipathes - siqukethe into yophondo emnyama esetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi yezandla.
Ukuphakama okuphezulu kungamamitha ayi-2, indawo eyinhloko yindawo ezishisayo.
Ama-Cirrhipathes - iziswebhu noma i-wire minerals, evame ukusonteka ibe yiziqongo.
Amathambo amnyama, anamachashazi amachashaza aminyene. Indawo yokuhlala enkulu yi-tropical, subtropics.
Kunezinhlobo ezihlukile, eziphuzi zeCirrhipathes painin. Crab amancane, shrimp, lobster, kanye crayfish atholakala ezintabeni zamaminerali. Ukuphakama okukhulu kuze kufike ku-2,5 m.
Zingu-25 kuphela zazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhorali ezilungele ukwenza ubucwebe.
Izinhlobo ezisengozini nemizamo yokuzalanisa
Ama-coral amnyama angaqoqwa kuphela ngemuva kokwakhiwa okuphelele, okuthatha okungenani iminyaka engama-50.
Kodwa hhayi ukukhula okuhamba kancane kuphela okuvimbela inani labantu ekululameni - inani elikhulu lamaminerali alifinyeleli kumazinga wekhwalithi asunguliwe.
Amakhorali abiza kakhulu futhi abaluleke kakhulu amaminerali eHawaii. Manje sebezama ukukhulisa amaminerali echibini lokufakelwa. Ngaphandle kokubekezelelwa kokukhanya kwelanga, isidingo sokudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu nokugeleza kwamanzi "okulungile", ososayensi bayayibona impumelelo encane ngokuzalaniswa.
Izindleko
Intengo yamakhorali amnyama iphakeme impela, futhi akumangazi, ngoba amaminerali abhalwe ku-Red Book. Endalini ka-2008, kwethulwa i-brooch, ebiza ama- $ 25,000, yathenga kakhulu (ama- $ 36,000).
Kuzosusa ukususa ubucwebe uma unikezwe i-invoyisi ezandleni zakho.
Lo mbhalo ungatholakala kuphela esitolo esikhethekile eCuba.
Intengo yezindandatho, namasongo nezinkumbulo ziqala ku- $ 100 (ngokuya ngosayizi).
Izakhiwo Ezimnyama Zamakhorali
Ukwazi isintu ngamakhorali amnyama kwenzeka emakhathini amaningi eminyaka adlule. Isibonelo, amaNdiya amaMaya ayegqoka amaminerali njengomhlobiso, abeka amaminerali entanyeni ngendlela yobuhlalu. Base bekholelwa ukuthi i-amulet enjalo ivikela umnikazi wayo kuzo zonke izinto ezimbi, kufaka phakathi nemimoya emibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhorali ayenekhono elimangalisayo lokuheha inhlanhla, agcwalise umuntu ngamandla obalulekile nemizwa emihle.
Ukusebenza
Njengoba amakhorali amnyama ayivelakancane ngokwanda kwawo, kuyinkinga impela ukuhlangana naye emashalofini ezitolo zokuhloba, uma ungasho ukuthi akunakwenzeka nhlobo. Ngokuyisisekelo, yonke imikhiqizo iyathengiswa endalini ngamaqoqo angasese, angafinyeleli kumthengi ojwayelekile.
Izindleko zokuhlobisa ama-coral zingaphezu kwamadola angama-200. Noma yini eshibhile kungenzeka ukuthi ingamanga nje.
Ngubani ofanele isibonakaliso se-zodiac
Ngokusho kwezazi zezinkanyezi, amaminerali asolwandle alungele kakhulu ama-watermark - amaPisces, eCrayfish. Amandla abo ahambelana futhi ahlangana kahle komunye nomunye.
Kepha izimpawu zoMlilo - ama-Aries, ama-Sagittarius, uLeo - nazo zingahlola umthelela omuhle wamakhorali amnyama ngokwazo.
Izimbiwa ziba ngumvikeli othembekile emathonyeni amabi avela ngaphandle, zisize ekuthatheni isinqumo esifanele, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima zempilo, futhi futhi zilethe ukuvumelana nempilo yomnikazi wayo.