Izimo ezidingekayo zokuzala:
- lokushisa kwamanzi 27 degrees 32,32,
- Izinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi,
- amanzi amancane futhi athambile,
- isikhala esanele (kusuka kumalitha ayi-100 nge-jozi elisakazayo, kweqembu lezinhlanzi - kusuka kumalitha angama-200),
- Ukuhlunga nokusiza,
- izitshalo nezindawo zokukhosela,
- amahora emini okungenani amahora ayi-10.
Okokusebenza kwe-Incubator
Setha i-incubator ethangini le-5-10 L. Gcwalisa uhhafu womkhumbi ngamanzi avela kubakhiqizi be-aquarium, kanti enye ingxenye ihlushwe. Faka i-aerator ne-heater eguqulwe yaba ngama-30 degrees. Ngemuva kwehora, beka ishidi le-masonry ku-incubator ukuze kungabikho i-bubble air kulo. Nikeza ukumbozwa okwenziwa ngokuzungeza kwewashi. Faka izitshalo zokutshala okuxubile kanye nezimbali ezikhulayo, ezizosebenza njengokudla kwefry.
Ukunqunywa kocansi ezikweletini nokwakhiwa kwamabili
I-dimorphism yezocansi ezikweleni ayivezwa, okungukuthi, abesilisa nabesifazane bacishe bafana ngokubonakala. Ngaphambi kokuthomba, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ubulili, bese kuba nzima impela. Ama-olwandle asehlaya ngalokhu: "Ukubhukuda - kusho owesilisa, obhukuda - lowesifazane." Kodwa-ke, kuma-scalars abantu abadala ubulili bunqunywa ezimweni eziningi, yize kuvame kuphela labo abaziyo i-anatomy yezinhlanzi abangakwenza lokhu. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezinquma ubulili bezinhlanzi zalolu hlobo:
- Emadodeni avuthiwe, kutholakala ishubhu elinamafutha ebunzini,
- Abesilisa banesihlombe sesifuba esisheshayo,
- Uma ubheka inhlanzi engaphambili, ingaphansi lomzimba wayo lifana neqhubu, kuthi owesilisa leli wedge libukhali, kuthi kowesifazana kube buthuntu,
- Isibonakaliso sokuxilonga i-papilla yezitho zangasese (kwabesifazane ibizwa ngokuthi yi-ovipositor) - umgodi ophuma phakathi komgodi ophakathi kwe-anus ne-anal fin, lapho kuphuma khona umkhiqizo wokuzala. Kwabesifazane, kukhulu futhi kukhulu, kuthi kowesilisa, ngokulandelana, kube mnene, kube bukhali futhi kuqondiswe emuva. Lokhu umehluko ubonakala ngokucacile ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, kanye nangaphambilini nangemva kwawo nje,
- Ibanga elisuka kupharafini lokuzala kuya kwele-anal fin emaduna alincane kakhulu kunabesifazane. Eqinisweni, emadodeni, i-fin keel ikhula ngokuqondile kusuka ku-pilla genital, futhi njengoba emigqeni enemikhono, i-papilla ivame ukutholakala ngaphansi komucu ophakathi nendawo, kungashiwo ukuthi emadodeni i-anal fin iqala kusukela esisekelweni somucu ophakathi nendawo, nakwabesifazane - ngemuva kwayo,
Ungokweluleka ngokulandelayo: uma ufuna ukuthola umkhiqizi wezinhlanzi omdala, khetha umuntu onezimpawu nokuziphatha, noma inhlanzi esevele inikeze inzalo. Kungcono kakhulu uma ngokushesha kwakheka i-pair. Uma uhlose ukukhulisa abakhiqizi ngokwakho, thola u-8-10 grey onamaphini abanzi futhi amade, phakathi kwabo ngokuqinisekile kuzoba nabantu bobabili ubulili, futhi ngokuzayo bayohlukaniswa ngababili, futhi unganquma ukuthi uzosebenzisa yiphi ukuzalisela okunye.
I-Angelfish ithanda ukuzakhela ngababili, ikhethe umlingani kubantu abanobulili obuhlukile. Kepha umsizi wasemanzini angathatha izimbotshana zentsha ekhona. Lapho isikali sowesilisa nowesifazane besikhathi esiseduze nosayizi basala bodwa e-aquarium, njengomthetho, baqala "ukwakha uthando." Akunconywa ukuhlukanisa ngababili abenziwe ngomumo bese ukhetha abanye abalingani - izinhlanzi lokhu kuyacindezela kakhulu, futhi azihlali zakha izinyunyana ezintsha. Kulula ukunquma umbhangqwana owakhiwe: izinhlanzi zibamba ndawonye, zibhukuda kwifayela elilodwa, owesilisa uqala ukushayela owesifazane emakhoneni e-aquarium.
Ukuhlakulela abakhiqizi kanye nokulungiselela ukusakazeka
Izinhlanzi ezihlelelwe ukuzalaniswa okuqhubekayo kufanele zigcinwe zisezingeni elifanele. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuma-scalars izinga lokushisa lamanzi, okungafanele libe ngaphansi kuka-27 ° C. Isici sesibili esibaluleke kakhulu yikhwalithi yokuphakelwa, abakhiqizi besikhathi esizayo kufanele badle okuphilayo okuphilayo (i-bloodworm, umenzi wamathumbu, i-daphnia, njll.) Kukho konke impilo yabo, noma ukudla okubandayo. Ama-angelfish akhule kuphela ekudleni owomile, njengomthetho, mancane ngosayizi, umbala wawo uyanuka, futhi kwesinye isikhathi awakwazi ukuzala.
Kwisimo esihle, i-angelfish ikhula njalo emavikini amabili, inqobo nje uma amaqanda esuswa.
Abesilisa nabesifazane kufanele bagcinwe ndawonye ngaphambi kokuhluma, ngoba ukulungiselela abesilisa ukuqhuma nokuvuthwa kwemikhiqizo yabo yezocansi kwenzeka kuphela uma abesifazane bakhona.
I-Spawning ivuselelwa ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi ngo-2 ° C, ukushintshwa okuvame ukwenziwa (izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngesonto, i-10% lilinye), kanti kungcono ukufaka amanzi agcobhoziwe noma abilisiwe ukunciphisa ubulukhuni bayo e-aquarium. Izitshalo ezinamahlamvu amakhulu kufanele zibe khona e-aquarium; ungabeka nesiqeshana sepulasitiki noma sikathayela wobumba lapho izimbali zingabonakala. Imvamisa, inhlanzi zalolu hlobo azithunyelwa ezindaweni ezihlukanisayo ezinwebekile, zibavumela ukuba bavele e-aquarium evamile.
Lo mbhangqwana usukulungele ukuzalanisa ungabonakala ngesisu esiyindilinga sowesifazane nokuziphatha okuguqukile - abazali besikhathi esizayo baqala ukuyiqapha ngentshiseko insimu yabo futhi basule nengaphezulu lapho bezovela khona.
Ukusakaza
Njengomthetho, ukuqhekeka kwenzeka kusihlwa futhi kuthatha imizuzu engama-40 kuya kwehora nesigamu. Amaqanda afaka amaqanda endaweni ehlanzwa ngaphambili, imvamisa emigqeni, emva kwalokho owesilisa ubhukuda afake amaqanda, bese futhi amahlandla amaningi. Inani lamaqanda angama-700-800.
Ukuzala ngokuzilolonga: izinzuzo zokuhlangenwe nakho
Kunezindlela ezimbili ezisemqoka odabeni lokukhiqizwa kabusha “kwezingelosi”. Amanye ama-aquarist akholelwa ukuthi ukuphumelela kwamaqanda okuphumelelayo kungenzeka kuphela uma kuhlukaniswe kwezinye izinhlanzi (nabazali noma ngaphandle kwabazali), kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi udoti ungatholakala endaweni evamile yokufuya.
Inketho yokuqala ayikhethiwe hhayi izinhlanzi uqobo, kepha futhi nomnikazi, ozokwazi ukulandelela zonke izinguquko esimweni nasekuziphatheni kwazo. Ukuqashelwa ukusatshalaliswa kwama-scalars kukuvumela ukunquma:
- Yimaphi amathuba okuzala abaquki abahlukile kuwo,
- ukuthi wabekwa yini i-caviar
- ukuthi ngabe i-caviar yahlanganiswa yini
- ukuqhuma okulandelayo kwaqala ngokushesha kangakanani.
Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka kuphela ukwahlulela kahle ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kukhiqize kangakanani, kuphela ngemuva kwemizamo eminingana yokuvela nesixaka esifanayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa nokunakekelwa kwefry
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili, ama-egghells aqhekeka bese ephenduka izintambo ezinamathele, lapho izibungu zilenga, zihamba ngosizo olufana nomsila onjenge-flagellum. Cishe ngosuku lwesine, izibungu zingahlukanisa phakathi kwamakhanda nama-yolk sacs, ngenxa yokulondolozwa kwazo. I-larva ihamba njalo, izama ukuzikhulula entambo eboshelwe kuyo.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7 kuya kwezi-12, izintambo ziyaqhuma, i-fry iqale ukubhukuda. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-yolk sac cishe ayinalutho, futhi sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukondla i-fry. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzondle ngokuphelele ngeqanda leqanda nokudla okwomile, ngakho-ke ukudla okuphilayo kulungiselelwe kusengaphambili: zizala ama-ciliates, i-daphnia, kuthi ngosuku lwe-5 ngemuva kokuqhuma kuqale ukusungula i-artemia. Fry wondliwa izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku. Manje udinga ukubeka isihlungi esincane e-aquarium, futhi ukuze i-fry ingadonswa lapho, ingxenye engezansi yayo ivaliwe, ngokwesibonelo, ngokufakwa kwenayiloni. Uma kunama-fry amaningi, amanye azodinga ukukhishwa ku-aquarium, ubungako bawo manje kufanele bungabi ngaphezu kwamabili ilitha lamanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho izinga lama-ammonia ne-nitrites lingakhuphuka kakhulu. Ukushintshwa kwamanzi kwenziwa kanye ngosuku ngowesithathu, ngaphambi kokondla, ngemuva kokususa okuphakelayo okusele kusuka phansi kwe-siphon.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esingangenyanga noma unyaka nesigamu, i-fry izothola isimo sesimo se-scalar, ngemuva kwalokho zizodinga futhi ukuhlala phansi emigqonyeni ngesilinganiso samalitha angama-4-5 wamanzi kwifry nganye. Kulesi sikhathi, bondliwe nge-tubifex eqoshiwe, i-bloodworm encane, ungaqala ukuzijwayela kancane kancane ukuthi uphile ukudla, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana abangena e-aquarium ejwayelekile "yabantu abadala".
Njengoba ubona, ukuzalanisa i-angelfish kuwumsebenzi onzima, odabukisayo, kepha kuyajabulisa kakhulu. Noma kungenzeki konke okokuqala ngqa, kuzoba nethuba lokuzama futhi, ngoba ezimbalwa izinhlanzi ezinempilo zivame ukuvela ezimeni ezinhle. Futhi kungekudala, umsizi wasolwandle onenkani uzokwazi ukuqhosha umhlambi wezikhwanyana ezintsha ezikhanyayo, azikhulise emaqanda. Manje kusale kuphela ukubatholela ikhaya elisha, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe inani labathandi balezi zinhlanzi ezimangalisayo.
Funda okuqukethwe scalar esihlokweni esilandelayo, futhi manje ividiyo iDemo mayelana nokunwebeka kwalezi zinhlanzi:
Ukudalwa kwezimo ezifanele zokuzala
Kuhle uma ukusatshalaliswa kwamabili abumbene kwenzeka ezitsheni ezihlukile. Lokhu kuzosindisa cishe sonke izingane, okuthi, esimweni samaqanda, izibungu noma gazinga kuhlale kusengozini. Ungahlaselwa ngumphakathi wase-aquarium (kufaka phakathi abantu abadala bohlobo lwayo), abadla i-caviar kanye nefry.
Ubisi emadodeni luqala ukuvuthwa kuphela uma kukhona abesifazane eduze.
Izinto ezahlukahlukene ze-conical, amapayipi, amabhlokhi noma amapuleti enziwe ngokhuni, e-ceramic, ebumba noma epulasitiki asetshenziselwa ukuhlomisa izizathu zomuntu ngamunye. Kuyovela “ingelosi” ebusweni bawo. Amacembe abanzi ezitshalo nawo afanelekile kulezi zinhloso. Uma kungatholakali lutho olufanele, i-caviar izoba odongeni lwe-aquarium noma kwimishini engaphakathi.
Amanzi Nokondla
I-Angelfish iyazwela ekushiseni kwamanzi. Ukungezelela le nkomba ibe ngu-27-28 ° C (esiphezulu + 32 ° C) kudala izimo ezifanele zokuqalisa. Kodwa ngaphambi kokushisa uketshezi, kunconywa ukukuvuselela ngokuphelele futhi uhlanze i-aquarium.
Kuyo yonke inkathi yokulungiselela ukunwebeka, cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 wamanzi asemanzini kufanele afakwe esikhundleni amahlandla ama-4 ngeviki. Ungangeza kuphela uketshezi ngokuqina okuncishisiwe, okungukuthi, okubilisiwe.
Kuyadingeka ukondla isikali ngenkathi kusatshalaliswa kuphela nge “izitsha” ezibukhoma (ama-daphnia nezilimo eziyizigaxa, ama-bloodworms), ezikhulisa kancane kancane izingxenye. Akudingekile ukuthi ushintshe kakhulu ukwakheka kwemenyu nomthamo wokuphathwa okunikezwayo - lokhu kungaholela ekubulaweni kwezinhlanzi nokufa okwalandela kwenhlanzi.
Ubani: anganquma kanjani ubulili
Ukuphumelela kwebhizinisi lonke kuncike ekutheni baphilile kangakanani abakhiqizi bezinhlanzi. Kepha noma ngabe konke kuhleliwe ngale ndlela, kuvela obunye ubunzima: indlela yokuhlukanisa isikali sowesilisa kowesifazane.
Ngaphambi kokuthomba, akukho mehluko wangaphandle phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kuphela kokubeletha lapho owesimame angaqokwa noma aqokwe ngokuzethemba ngumqambi we-ovipositor ovuvukayo, nowesilisa ngowesilisa onempilo futhi onobunzima obukhulu be-papilla.
Kuliqiniso, abanye bazama ukuthola ubulili ngezinye zezimpawu ezingezansi:
- kwabesilisa, i-dorsal fin idluliselwe ngaphezulu ngemichilo engu-7 (noma ngaphezulu), ngenkathi kwabesifazane amachashaza anjengalawa awekho ngaphezu kuka-6,
- abesilisa banebunzi eliphakeme elikhula ngokufutheka kwamafutha, kwabesifazane le ngxenye yekhanda iyakhonkotha,
- amathambo asezindlini “webafana” ahlukaniswa ukuqothuka kancane emaphethelweni, kuyilapho "kumantombazane" kunjalo.
Kodwa-ke, iziphetho ezitholakala ngesisekelo salezi zibonakaliso azihlali zihambisana neqiniso.
Kwenziwa kanjani imibhangqwana
Lapho sikhuluma ngokuthi ama-scalars azala kanjani, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyizinto ezilandelanayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuphula umbhangqwana okhona. Uma umlingani efa noma enyamalala, isikhafu sesibili sichitha impilo yakhe yonke sodwa.
Kodwa-ke, ukwazi ukuthi ngazimbili zakhiwa kanjani kulezi zinhlanzi, ungathonya le nqubo futhi uqhume.
Lapho ubheka izinhlanzi, kulula ukuqaphela kusuka kokukodwa kuya kokuya ngababili abodwa. Ngakho-ke, amasaka akhethe abalingani ngokwabo phakathi kwalabo abakhona. Kusukela ngababili abakhona, ungakhetha eyodwa lapho bobabili abantu bekhombisa izici ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu zezinhlobo zabo, bese beyisebenzisela ukuqhekeka.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izinyunyana ezinjalo ezakhiwa ngesisekelo sengane yentombazane. Amanye ama-pair adalwa ngabesifazane ababili, abashintshana ngokudlala indima yowesilisa, bekhombisa isimilo sesimilo. Kamuva, balingisa nokuqunjelwa, bebeka amaqanda, okuyinto engakabi namuntu.
Uma inhloso yokuzalanisa kukhethwa ngokukhetha, khona-ke owesilisa nowesifazane abafanele bathunyelwa e-aquarium ehlukile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kuleli bhizinisi ukungalahlekeli isikhathi. Izinhlanzi kufanele zihlukaniswe eqenjini elijwayelekile ngaphambi kokuthi zakhe ukunamathela kwabanye abantu.
Ukulungiselela ukuzala nokuklabaza
Ekuqaleni, izibazi zibheka ngokucophelela indawo yokubeka amaqanda. Lo mbhangqwana usakaza ukuqhekeka okukhethiwe kahle, ngasikhathi sinye ukubalekela kude nensimu yayo zonke izivakashi ezingafuneki. Ngalesi sikhathi, umzimba sowesifazane uyakhula, okukhombisa ukulungela kwakhe ukwanda.
Uma ukutholwa kwendlela ethile yezinhlanzi kutholakele ngisho esiteji sokucinga kwendawo, kungakuhle ukuthi uzibeke ngokushesha e-aquarium ehlukile kuze kube sekupheleni kokusakazeka.
Ukuphonsa i-caviar kuvame ukuqala kusihlwa. Isikhathi senqubo sifinyelela emahoreni amabili. Phakathi nayo, umama ubeka amaqanda ngamaketanga (inani lamaqanda lifinyelela izingcezu eziyi-1000), okuyinto ubaba azalisa ngokushesha.
Ukunakekelwa Kwesithombo
Ngokushesha nje emva kokukhulelwa amaqanda, abazali basesikali baqondisa yonke imizamo yabo yokunakekela izingane ezizayo. Ngokuqhubekayo bathanda amaqanda ngama-fins, okuwavumela ukuba alahle imfucumfucu, alondoloze izinga lokushisa njalo, futhi aqinisekise ukuhamba komoya-mpilo emaqanda.
Futhi, abazali basusa yonke i-caviar emhlophe. Ngemuva kwenhlanzi, izibungu zisiza ukuzikhulula kwimbaza engadingekile futhi ziyidlulisele endaweni entsha ehlanzekile.
Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, izibungu namanje azazi ukubhukuda, ngakho-ke abazali bazidlulisa ngokuzimele, bazithathe ngomlomo. Izinhlanzi zesikhathi esizayo zihlala endaweni entsha zize zikhule. Umthombo okuwukuphela kwawo womsoco walesi sikhathi okuqukethwe okuqukethwe ama-yolk okusele kumaqanda.
Ukudla inhlanzi caviar - siyini isizathu
Kusukela ekuqaleni kokusatshalaliswa kuze kufike esikhathini lapho inzalo izimele, akunakwenzeka ukuphazamisa izibazi zabazali. Ukucindezela kuzodala ukubala kuyeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingadla wonke amaqanda noma izibungu eziboshwe.
Ziphinde zidle amaqanda nenzalo uma izikhathi zokuzala zidalwa kaningi kakhulu kanti izithandani zidinga ukuphumula. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukubeka amaqanda kwenzeka njalo emavikini ama-2.
Uma konke kuhleliwe, abazali besikhathi esizayo basaqhubeka nokudla inani elithile lamaqanda, kepha bafile noma bengafundile.
Uma i-scalar yomzali ingakhathazi, kwanele ukuqapha ukugcinwa kwamapharamitha afanele e-aquarium.
Izici zokunwayizela endaweni evamile ye-aquarium nokuthi kungani abamhlophe be-caviar bemhlophe
Uma amaqanda ebekwe ku-aquarium ejwayelekile, bese uyihambisa kanye nesisekelo lapho ibekwe khona esitsheni esihlukile esinenqwaba yamalitha ayi-10-20. Isigamu sigcwalise ngamanzi asobala avela e-aquarium, enye i-50% ngamanzi afakwe emanzini.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi umoya usebenze ku-caviar ngisho nangemzuzwana elihlukanisayo, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyihambisa esitsheni esincane esigcwele amanzi.
Uma amanye amaqanda abekiwe aba mhlophe ngemuva kwesikhashana, lokhu kusikisela ukuthi awaphili. Mhlawumbe i-caviar enemibala eshintshiwe imane nje ayihlangananga, noma mhlawumbe isikhunta siyibulele noma yafa ngesinye isizathu.
Ilungiselelo le-Incubator
Ngemuva kokusaphaza, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ifakwa emanzini e-aquarium nge-caviar noma i-fry ukuvikela ukhunta (amanzi kufanele abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Uzodinga i-heater egcina izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ku + 30 ° C.
I-aerator ibekwa ukuze okokukhanya okulula kugeze amaqanda, kepha ama-bubble awawi kuyo. Izibani ezifanele ziyakhanya kepha ngewashi.Uma kungenzeka, engeza i-duckweed ku-aquarium nge-caviar, ezolawula okuqukethwe kwengxube ye-nitrogen emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa malokhethi angaba yindawo yokuzalanisa ama-ciliates nama-rotifers, azohamba ayokondla ifry.
Ngemuva kosuku kusuka esikhathini sokuhambisa amaqanda nge-pipette, susa amaqanda asesehlile. Ngemuva kwalokhu, akukho ukungenelela okudingekayo. Kuhlala kuphela ukulinda kuze kube yilapho uFry liboshwe bese uthola ukwakheka kwawo kokugcina.
Ukunakekelwa okwenziwe ngemithi yezinhlanzi ezincane
Ukukhula okusha okuningana okutholwe ngemuva kokuhluma, kudluliselwe kwezinye iziqukathi ezihlukile ukuze kungabi ngaphezu kwama-fry amabili ilitha loketshezi. Amanzi ayashintshwa ngalesi sikhathi nsuku zonke, futhi okungenani 1/3 yevolumu ephelele idinga ukushintshwa, ngasikhathi sinye ukuhlanza ukudla okusele ngemuva kokudla.
Njengoba bekhula, abantu abasha baphinde bahlaliswe emathangini ahlukile. Izindlela ziya ngokuya ziqina, kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-5 ekhanda ngalinye, njengoba zikhula ngokuqinile, zithatha isimo sobulawu. Kuze kube yilonyaka, uFry uyafana nezinhlanzi ezincane ezijwayelekile, ngaphandle kwezici ezithile.
Noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, okungenani i-1/5 yenani eliphelele lamafry izokufa.
Izici zokudla kwezinsana
Into yokuqala edliwayo yi-fry ama-ciliates (abizwa nangokuthi uthuli oluphilayo). Ngokuzayo, okuphakelayo okukhethekile kusetshenziselwa ukukhulisa. Kodwa-ke, ukunika i-gry kuphela ukudla okuomile akanconywa. Lokhu kukhulisa ukukhula kwabo, kwenze umbala ungacaci, futhi kuthuntube ukungabinakho ukuzala.
Ukudla okuneqhwa nokunempilo kufanele kube khona ekudleni kwezinsana ezi-scalar. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imenyu ka-gazinga isekelwa yi-brine shrimp, futhi lapho inenyanga eyodwa nesigamu banikezwa i-tubifex ne-gerworm oqoshiwe.
Udinga ukondla izinhlanzi ezincane izikhathi ezi-6 ngosuku, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuntuleka kokudla kuzokuphazamisa ukukhula kwazo.
Kusukela esikhathini sokubeka amaqanda ngemuva kokuhluma kuze kubonakale izibungu, kudlule izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Ukuguqulwa kwabo ekubeni yi-fry kwenzeka ngemuva kwamanye amasonto angama-1-1,5. Okwamanje, izimpawu zezinhlobo sezivele zibonakala kahle ezinganeni.
Uma ulithandile i-athikili, like futhi wabelane ngesixhumanisi ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi. Qiniseka ukushiya amazwana uma unolwazi lokuzala ama-scalars.
Umehluko phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane
I-dimorphism yezocansi ezinhlanzini ivezwa buthaka. Kulula ukucacisa ubulili kubantu abajwayelekile kunase-albino, amabala egolide nawemabula.
- ukuntuleka kwamafutha ekhanda,
- usayizi omncane
- amaphini okukodwa angaphambili,
- i-ovipositor (isitho sangasese) sefomu eliqhakazile, emadodeni - akhombe.
Ukuvela kwesibazi
Le nhlobo yezinhlanzi ze-aquarium inegama elivamile - iScalyaria. Ubude bomzimba wezinhlanzi bufika ku-15 cm. Ngesikhathi sokuvela nokutshala kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini, ochwepheshe bakwazi ukuguqula ukubukeka kwabo kakhulu. Le nhlobonhlobo ihlukaniswa ngosayizi wezikali namaphisi, ubude bomzimba kanye nemibala yangaphandle.
Akukho ncazelo eyodwa yombala wamabala - yisiliva, nsundu, mnyama, imabula noma ingwe.
I-Scalaria ingeyomndeni we-cichlid, okhombisa ubudlova obuthile balezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kepha lokhu akuyenzi nzima ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwazo. Kodwa-ke, inani eliphakeme lobudlova libhekwa kuphela ngezikhathi zokuzalela. Isikhathi sokuphumula banokuthula futhi bazwana kahle nezinye izakhamizi zasemanzini.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi bangabezinhlanzi ezifunda esikoleni, ngakho-ke lapho uthola umuntu wale nhlobo, kufanele uwanakekele. Inketho eyamukelekayo kungaba izinhlanzi ezimbalwa, abantu abangu-4-5 bafanelwe kangcono. Ukuhlala ngesizungu e-aquarium, i-angelfish ingathambekela ekucindezelweni nase ezifweni ezingabonakali uma kunezinhlanzi eziningana.
Ukumatanisa
I-Angelfish iyinyumbane. AmaPisces akhetha abameli abambalwa. Ukutholwa okuphelele kweqembu labayi-6-10, lapho izinhlanzi ngokwemvelo zizithola bese zakha ezazo ngazimbili. Ungakhetha abakhiqizi abanempilo futhi unikeze ngokwenziwa kabusha. Le nketho ngeke inikeze umphumela oqinisekisiwe.
Ukwehluka kobulili
Ukusakazeka isikali ngokwakho kungalula. Ukuqala le nqubo, kufanele ukwazi ukwahlukanisa abantu ngobulili.
Umehluko phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane ubonakala kuphela lapho izinhlanzi sezikhulile ngokuphelele, okuwukuthi, ngemuva konyaka wokuphila. Ngisho nomuntu wasolwandle ongenalwazi angathola izinkomba phakathi kobulili:
- Isikali sowesilisa sinebunzi eliphakemeyo ngenxa yesigaxa esikhulu samafutha. Kwabesifazane, alikho, ibunzi liyalunguza noma kukhona ukungabonakali okubonakalayo.
- Amafutha asesiswini sowesilisa anekugcotshwa phansi, kanti ngasikhathi sinye owesimame akakhombisi ukugcwala,
- Owesilisa omdala makhulu kunowesifazane, lokhu kuyabonakala uma izinhlanzi zisondele komunye nomunye.
- I-papilla yesitho sangasese kwabesilisa inciphile futhi ibukhali, kuyilapho kwabesifazane iba mnene futhi ifana “nesiqu”.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwabakhiqizi
Ukuze inqubo yokuzalela iphumelele, kubalulekile ukuyilungiselela kusengaphambili. Okokuqala, kufanele kudalwe izimo ezifanelekileyo zezinzalo ezizayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga iziqukathi ezihlukile zokusikeka nezinsimbi ezisencane.
Isonto ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa, abazali kufanele bathole ukudla okune-protein eningi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa:
- ukopha,
- umenzi washubhu
- Kuleksa
- okuphakelayo okukhethekile.
Ulwazi oluvamile
E-Russia, isikhathi eside asikwazanga ukuthola umphumela omuhle ekuphindaphindeni kwama-scalars. Ekhaya, gazinga atholakala ngo-1928 kuphela. Kwakunokuhlangana okuningana okuhlekisayo ngempumelelo: i-aquarist A. Smirnov ayizange icishe i-heater yamanzi ngaphambi kokuphuma endlini, ngenxa yalokho izinga lokushisa lamanzi e-aquarium lafika kuma-32 degrees. Lokhu kucasule ukuqala kokusakazeka kubantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi kwezinhlobo ezichaziwe zama-cichlids.
Manje ukuzalanisa amabanga ekhaya akunzima ikakhulukazi. Izinhlanzi zivame ngokwazo, ngaphandle kokudala izimo zangaphandle ezikhethekile, zitholakala ngqo ku-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Njengomthetho, kunezigaba eziningana ezihlukene zokuzala kabusha, okuyinto ngayinye ebaluleke kakhulu:
- ukuzimisela kwamabili
- ukulungiselela ukusakaza,
- ukuqhuma kwe-angelfish,
- gazinga okhulayo.
Inqubo
Unganquma ukulungela kwesikali sokusatshalaliswa yisisu esiyindilinga sowesifazane nesimo sengqondo sokuhlukumezeka sombhangqwana kwabanye abahlali. Izinhlanzi zixosha omakhelwane endaweni yabo ekhethiwe yokuvula. Faka umusi ku-aquarium elungiselelwe ngamapharamitha wamanzi afanayo. Owesifazane ubeka amaqanda angama-100-500, athi kamuva avundiswe owesilisa. Ngemuva kokuhlakazeka, banakekela i-clutch kuze kube yilapho kuvela uFry. Ababelethi bathanda amaqanda abo ngamanqina, besusa abangafakwanga kumaskandi.
Incazelo ye-Pair
Ukuthola inzalo esezingeni eliphakeme nenempilo, kufanele kubonakale izimpawu ezifanayo kwabakhiqizi. I-demorphism yezocansi ezinhlanzini ezi-scalar ivezwa buthaka, okusho ukuthi akukho mehluko osobala phakathi kwabantu bobulili obuhlukile. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa ezinhlotsheni ze-albino, kanye nezinhlanzi ezinombala wegolide nowemabula. Amafomu ajwayelekile, lokhu akunzima.
Ochwepheshe bakhomba izibonakaliso eziningi okungenziwa ngazo umahluko lapho izinhlanzi ze-aquarium zifinyelela ukuthomba:
- izinsikazi zincanyana ngosayizi, imizimba yazo inokwakheka “okunqunyiwe” ngandlela-thile, amaphiko angaphambili okukodwa, isitho sangasese esithambile sangasese - i-ovipositor,
- abesilisa bahlukaniswa ngumzimba omkhulu oyindilinga, baneshubhu elinamafutha ebunzini, izikhuthu ezingalungisiwe ngaphambili kanye nezitho zangasese ezikhonjiwe.
Kungenzeka ukuzalanisa i-scalar lapho ifinyelela ebusheni, lapho sebekwazi ukuqhubeka nohlobo, benonyaka owodwa.
Okusebenzayo kakhulu ukuqapha indlela yezinhlanzi ezivuthwa ngocansi. Kulolu hlobo lwama-cichlid, ukubhangqa kwemvelo kwenzeka. Njengoba bengaxhamazeli emvelweni, bakhetha umlingani kwizindlela eziningi. Isikali esenziwe enyunyaneni sizama ukuhlala sisondelene, owesilisa unaka futhi unakekela owesimame.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe umsebenzi wokuzalela ukutshala izinhlobo ezintsha zemibala noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezimpawu ezihehayo kunethuba lokudala i-tandem yezizwe . Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukhetha abamele abagqamile kakhulu futhi ubabeke e-aquarium ehlukile eqoqayo, lapho ekugcineni izokhiqiza khona.
Ngemuva kokuhlonza abakhiqizi kanye nokubhanqa, kukhona ukuguqukela esigabeni esilandelayo sokuzala amabala.
Ukulungiselela ukusatshalaliswa
Ngesikhathi sokuphila, abantu bendabuko badinga ukuhlinzekwa ngezimo ezihamba kahle kakhulu, bondliwe kuphela ngokudla okunempilo okuphezulu, ikakhulu okuhlala noma okubandayo. Njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zizwela kakhulu izimo zamazinga okushisa, ukugcinwa kwazo kubekwa phambili uma kuza ekuphindaphindeni kwemikhaba. E-aquarium, kuyadingeka ukugcina amazinga okushisa angama-27 degrees.
Lapho ukhetha uhlobo olulodwa noma olunye lokudla kwezinhlanzi ohlela ukuzalanisa, kudingeka uhlale ukhumbula imininingwane yemiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa okuphakelayo okuvamile nokutholakalayo okutholakalayo. Endabeni yokusebenzisa kwabo njalo, ama-scalars amadala mancane kunosayizi ojwayelekile, hhayi aqine kakhulu ngombala futhi alahlekelwe amandla okuzala - angazithobanga.
Abantu bobulili obuhlukile abalungiselela ukusakazeka kufanele bahlale begcinwe emgqonyeni owodwa. Uma kungekho abesifazane, owesilisa akenzi ubisi olusebenzayo (imikhiqizo yezocansi).
Ngokuncike kuzo zonke izidingo ezingenhla, izinyathelo ezithathwa kalula zingenziwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukhuphula kakhulu izinga lokushisa kwamanzi - ngama-4-5 degrees (inani eliphakeme elivumelekile lingama-32 degrees), uguqule njalo ingxenye encane yamanzi - cishe u-10% wevolumu ephelele - amahlandla ama-4 ngeviki, unciphise ubulukhuni bayo ngokungeza okubilisiwe noma okuhlanganisiwe.
Izinhlanzi zithanda ukubeka amaqanda ezindaweni eziqinile, izimila ezinamaqabunga amakhulu noma isilinganiso esikhethekile (ipuleti, isigaxa, ibha) kufanele zibe se-aquarium, engenziwa ngopulasitiki, ukhuni, udaka oluxoshwe nezinye izinto. Uma kungekho zinhlanzi ezinjalo zingalala odongeni lwe-aquarium. Lapho-ke imfuyo yesikhathi esizayo ayikwazi ukuhanjiswa ekufukameleni.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi umbono owamukelwa ngokuvamile uwukuthi amanzi athambile kufanele asetshenziselwe ukukha amabala nokukhula. Kodwa-ke, ukuzijwayeza kuphambene nale nkolelo. Kunobufakazi obuningi besipiliyoni sokuzala inzalo yalezi zinhlanzi emanzini alukhuni.
Kunconywa ukuthi uqale udlulise leli bhangqa libe yi-jig ehlukile, kepha ngokuvamile lesi simo asiphoqelekile. I-Angelfish azikhukhumali futhi iyakwazi ukuqhakaza endaweni ehlala emanzini.
Inketho enhle kakhulu uma ungaphumelela ukuzalanisa ithoni ngayinye yokuzalanisa ethangini elihlukile.
Ngemuva kokukhetha ingaphezulu lokuzalela amaqanda, umndeni uqala ukugada ngobudlova insimu eseduze, isisu siyabiyelwa phakathi kowesifazane okhulelwe. Lezi zici zokuziphatha nokubukeka zibonisa ngokuqondile ukulungela ukwanda.
Izimo zokunakekelwa
- Fry kuphela ebhajwe emaqanda inanele 2 malitha wevolumu ye-aquarium. KuFry wanyanga zonke, kufanele okungenani kube namalitha ama-4 amanzi. Kukhula imbewu encane njengoba ikhula. Ukuntuleka kwesikhala kuholela ekuthuthukisweni okungafanele.
- Amajaha azwela kakhulu ubumsulwa bamanzi. Shintsha ingxenye yesithathu koketshezi nsuku zonke.
- Kubalulekile ukukhetha isihlungi esingeke sidonsele ukuthosa kuso. Vala phansi kwesihlungi nge-capron.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-caviar kanye gazinga
Esikhathini esingaphambi kokubekelwa izibungu, amaqanda amhlophe angenamakhaza empeleni asuswa ku-incubator, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuba khona kwawo kuzoba nemiphumela emibi kukho konke ukwenziwa kwezigqoko. Uma abazali benakekela isidleke, khona-ke ngokuzimela bayayenza le nqubo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inqubo kumele yenziwe ngokucophelela kusetshenziswa inaliti noma izihlikihlana ezondile.
Ngosuku olungu-2-3, izibungu ziyavela ukuthi zingawela phansi ethangini, noma ziqhubeke zinamathele zisebenzisa intambo esuka kugobolondo leqanda iye endaweni enzima.
Ngosuku lwesine, izibungu sezivele zibone ikhanda kanye ne-yolk sac encane lapho kuvela khona umsoco.
Usuku 5 luphawulwa ngokwelula okuqinile komzimba, ukwakheka komsila kanye nokwehliswa okukhulu kosayizi be-sac yezakhi.
Kuphela ngosuku 6 izibungu ziphenduka zibe yi-gazinga. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinqolobane zangaphakathi zokudla seziphelile, izintambo ziqhume, i-fry iqala ukubhukuda ngokukhululeka.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesikali, inqubo yonke yokuguqulwa kwama-larva ibe yi-fry ingahlukahluka ngesikhathi, kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela ezinsukwini eziyi-12.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi nsuku zonke umuntu osebenzela insubator ususa imfucuza kanye nezinsalela zokudla ukuze kugwemeke amazinga e-ammonia nokufa kwezinzalo.
Kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-6 - ukusuka esikhathini sokushintshela esigabeni sama-fry - udinga ukuqala ukondla amabali amancane. Njengokudla, uthuli bukhoma, i-artemia nauplii kanye nama-microorganisms afanayo asetshenziswa. Imvamisa yokondla izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku. Njengoba ukuthosa kukhula, ukwehluka kuyengezwa ekudleni kwabo (daphnia, ciliates, nakwabanye).
Lapho ifinyelela eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa, i-scalar idluliselwa kancane kancane ekudleni kwezinhlanzi ezindala, inikeze njengokudla isigaxa esinqunyiwe kanye nama-gerw amancane.
Isimo esibalulekile sokugcina inani lamakhophi aphelele ukugcinwa kwezidingo ezithile zobuningi be-aquarium. Kumalitha amanzi ayi-100, inani eliphakeme lenyanga nenyanga eyodwa kanye nengxenye ubudala ngamayunithi angama-20, ngokusho kwenhlanzi eyodwa - amalitha ama-4-5 .
Ukuzala amabala ekhaya kuyinqubo emangazayo emangalisayo. Imfihlakalo yokuqhamuka kwempilo entsha ishiya abantu benganakwa. Injabulo yokubona ama-metamorphoses enzeka ngamaqanda angavuleli kuzoba ngumbono oqinile kulowo obonayo futhi kuzodala isifiso esinamandla sokuphinda futhi. Othile, mhlawumbe, le mizwa eqinile izofinyelela emsebenzini ongathi sína wokuzikhulisa ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezintsha nezingaziwa zesikali.
Isipiliyoni se-aquarists-abalimi
Phakathi kwama-aquarists kunabaningi abahlanganyele isipiliyoni sabo ngokuzalanisa i-angelfish nabanye. Abangeneleli bazalela amaqanda ngokwabo, futhi othile uthembela leli bhizinisi kubazali benhlanzi. Kunezimo lapho ukusatshalaliswa kwesikali kusaba isimanga kumuntu wasemanzini.
Izixwayiso
- Musa ukuhlukanisa umbhangqwana owakhiwe, ngoba izinhlanzi zingcindezi enkulu. Ngomkhiqizi omusha, inzalo ingahle ingasebenzi.
- Musa ukubeka amatshe amatshe ngaphansi. Enhlabathini ekhethwe ngendlela engafanele, i-caviar ilinyazwa kalula noma igezwe lapho ihlanza i-aquarium.
- Shintsha izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ngokushelela. Amaconsi okushisa abukhali kakhulu azobangela ukushaqeka kwezinhlanzi.
- Amazinga okushisa aphezulu angama-32 degrees. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu, amanzi abesegcwele i-oksijini, kanti amabanga angancipha.
- Nikeza ukuthula enhlanzini yabazali. Imvamisa, izibazi zinakekela inzalo, kepha ukucindezela kungaholela ekudleni inzalo. Yondla izinhlanzi ngesikhathi bese ubheka ikhwalithi yamanzi.
Igxathu emvakwe gxathu
- Lungiselela ukuqhuma kusuka kumalitha ayi-100 ngamanzi amile. Lungisa amazinga wokushisa namamitha wamanzi. Nikeza indawo yokubeka amaqanda, njengesiponji noma isipontsho esidonsa.
- Lindela izibazi ukuba zenze ngababili.
- Faka lo mbhangqwana ku-aquarium evulekile.
- Uma umbhangqwana udla i-caviar, ikhule ngokuthile. Dlulisela amaqanda embizeni ehlanzekile. Phatha amanzi ngesikhunta, bese kuthi i-acriflavine, inikeze umoya-mpilo. Ukushisa kufanele kube ngama-27 degrees.
- Ngosuku olulandelayo, susa ngokucophelela amaqanda amhlophe ngama-tweezers.
- Fry izodonsa ngemuva kwamahora angama-60. Qala ukondla izinsuku ezingama-5-6 ngemuva kokuqhanyelwa.
- Dlulisa ukuthosa ungene emanzini amakhulu lapho eqala ukubhukuda emhlambini.
Ukuzala i-angelfish inqubo ethokozisayo ukubuka.Okuhlangenwe nakho kokuqala kokuphathwa kwezinhlanzi kwenzeka ngo-1914. Kusukela lapho, abasebenza olwandle bafundile ukuzalanisa i-scalar ekhaya.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: ukulungiselela ukuluka
I-Angelfish iyazwela emazingeni okushisa asetwa e-aquarium. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe kukho ngesikhathi sokuzalela kwezinhlanzi.
Lapho uthenga ukudla kwama-scalars, umuntu kufanele abheke iqiniso lokuthi ukudla okwomile okukhona futhi okungabizi kakhulu kungathinta usayizi womuntu omdala. Uma lokhu kudla kuhlukunyezwa, ama-scalars angaba mancane kunokudingekile, umbala we-dimmer futhi, ngenxa yalokho, alahlekelwe ukuzala.
Abantu bobulili obuhlukile, abalungele ukuzalanisa, kufanele bagcinwe kwenye i-aquarium. Uma owesilisa ovuthiwe ngokobulili engenaye owesimame eduze, ukwakheka kobisi olungaphili kungenzeka kuye.
Ukuze uvuselele ukuqhekeka kombhangqwana ovuthiwe, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezikhethekile:
- khulisa ukushisa emanzini
- ukushintshwa kwamanzi njalo - kwanele ukufaka esikhundleni esingu-10% wevolumu ye-aquarium izikhathi ezi-4-5 ngesonto,
- nciphisa ukuqina ku-aquarium ngokungeza amanzi abilisiwe noma ancishisiwe kuwo.
Zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zithanda ukuvela endaweni eqinile. Lokhu kudinga ukubeka izinto ezenziwe ngokhuni, ngobumba noma ngeplastiki ku-aquarium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zingasetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso.
Lo mbhangqwana, usukulungele ukuqhekeka, ukhetha isigaba se-aquarium esilungele le nqubo. Le ndawo ivikelwe umhawu ngabesilisa - phambi kwezinye izinhlanzi e-aquarium azivunyelwe ukungena endaweni ekhethiwe. Owesifazane okhulelwe unesisu esisondele ngokubonakalayo.
Fry ekhulayo
Uma abazali bengayinaki i-fry, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi i-fry ayiqali phansi. "Amaslayidi" anjalo angafa ngoba awakwazi ukuzimela phezulu ngokuzimele futhi agcwalise isisefo sokubhukuda somoya.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, izinsana zine-infusoria eyanele, ezala ngenkuthalo duckweed. Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungakutholela ukudla okwomile kalula, kepha akufanele ukukuhlukumeze. Kubo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukudla okuphilayo kuphela. Lokhu kuzoba umfutho wokukhula ngokushesha kanye nentuthuko yamabala asemasha.
Ukudla ungasebenzisa i-bloodworms kanye ne-tubule.
Ngenyanga nesigamu, izingane ezisencane ziyobe zikulungele ukuthunyelwa endaweni eyi-aquarium ejwayelekile. Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe izibazi ekhaya akuhlali kuphumelela ngempumelelo okokuqala, kepha ngokuzama ngakunye okusha le nqubo iba mnandi ngokwengeziwe.