UMnyango Wezemvelo Nezemvelo ungasivuma isicelo sikaRosneft sethenda yeWest Irkinskoye subsoil block (enyakatho yeKrasnoyarsk Territory), okuyingxenye yayo etholakala endaweni yokubekelwa indawo.

Incwadi ehambelana naleso, njengoba iphephandaba laseVedomosti libhala, uMnyango Wezemvelo wathumela kuMongameli uVladimir Putin. Ngokwesilinganiso sokuqala, izindawo ezigcina u-hydrocarbon esigabeni seZapadno-Irkinskoye zifinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-500 kawoyela alinganayo, kanti iRosneft ihlose ukukhipha lokhu okuluhlaza okwenziwe yiNorth Sea Route (NSR).

Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokulandelayo kule ncwadi, umnyango uyangabaza ukuthi umthamo kawoyela inkampani yezwe ehlose ukukhiqiza emasimini ale ndawo uzohlangabezana nalokho obekulindelwe. "Amasheya we-hydrocarbons angamanzi angabonakala engaphansi kokuqagelwa okumisiwe ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwegesi okuphezulu kwezindawo eziseduze," kuphawula uMnyango Wezemvelo.

Ubunzima obukhulu benziwa futhi ukuthi izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zesayithi elinelayisensi zitholakala endaweni evikelwe ngokukhethekile yemvelo ebaluleke kakhulu esifundeni iBrekhov Islands State Nature Reserve. Kungokwamaxhaphozi wokubaluleka kwamazwe omhlaba, kunezilwane ezingandile, izitshalo kanye nama-waterfowl abhalwe ku-Red Book of Russia.

Noma kunjalo, uMnyango Wezemithombo Yezemvelo uyavuma ukuthi kungenzeka ubambe ithenda, kepha yinkampani kuphela eyanelisa izimo ezintathu ezokwazi ukuyinqoba: ukuba nemikhumbi yayo eyakhiwe ngeqhwa eyakhiwe eRussia, amandla okuhambisa uwoyela akhiqizwa uMzila oLwandle Olwandle nokubheka zonke izidingo zokuphepha kwemvelo lapho kuthuthukiswa insimu.

Okwesikhashana manje, iRosneft ibihambisa iziphakamiso kuhulumeni zokulayishwa kwe-NSR nokuhlinzekwa kukawoyela okhiqizwa ezifundeni ze-Arctic. Ngakho-ke, muva nje, inkampani ephethwe nguhulumeni ngokubambisana ne-Neftegazholding (NGH) u-Eduard Khudainatov noRosatom baphendukela iPhini likaNdunankulu uMaxim Akimov ngesicelo sokucubungula inketho yokwakha ingqalasizinda ehlangene yokuhlinzekwa uwoyela emigwaqweni eseNyakatho yoLwandle.

Ikakhulu, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kwakhiwe kusuka eqenjini laseRosneft Vankor eNorth Bay ogwini lweTaimyr ipayipi likawoyela elinobude obungamakhilomitha angama-600 nesilinganiso samathani ayizigidi ezingama-25 ngonyaka ngamathuba okukhuphuka kuye kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-50. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipayipi kufanele lidlule emasimini akwaPayakhskoye angawakwaNKH.

Ukuqala kokukhiqizwa emasimini kawoyela wasePayahskoye naseSevero-Payakhskoye eTaimyr kuhlelwe yinkampani yakwaKhudainatov ngonyaka ka-2023. Ukutshalwa kwemali kwiphrojekthi kulinganiselwa ku- $ 20.6 billion. Futhi phambilini, u-Eduard Khudainatov ngokwakhe wathi onke uwoyela wasePayahi angathunyelwa.

Insimu yakwaPayakhskoye yatholakala ngonyaka ka-1990 futhi isenyakatho ne-Arctic Circle. Ngokwemiphumela yokushayela ngo-2014, ukwenyuka kwezindawo zokugcina uwoyela ezitholakalayo ensimini yakwaPayakhskoye kufinyelela kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-47.8. : ///

Ipaki Kazwelonke “I-Russian Arctic”

I-Russian Arctic National Park itholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho nesiqhingi saseNovaya Zemlya ngaphakathi kwemingcele:

emhlabeni (maphakathi neNorth Island yaseNovaya Zemlya) - ukusuka eCape Zayats (76 ° 18 'N, 63 ° 34' E) eningizimu-mpumalanga eceleni kwempumalanga yeqhwa leqhwa laseRykachev kuya ePodsnezhniy peak (ukuphakama okungu-550 m) futhi kulayini oqonde ngqo kufinyelela ku-808 m (76 ° 05 'N, 64 ° 15' E) edongeni loshidi leqhwa laseNovaya Zemlya, ukusuka ezingeni lama-808 m kuya enyakatho-empumalanga eceleni komngcele wesigaba seqhwa sekhava kuya endaweni yokuwela isilebhisi (76 ° 26 'N, 66 ° 49' E) phakathi kwendawo ekhonjisiwe yeqhwa ne-dome enyakatho ye-ice sheet, bese sihambisana nesihlalo sibheke eningizimu-mpumalanga emthonjeni womfula iSpokoynaya siqhubeke nomfula. kuze kube semlonyeni wayo (76 ° 10 'N, 67 ° 38' E) ogwini lweLwandle lwaseKara.

ngasolwandle - ngaphakathi kwemingcele yamanzi esifunda saseRussia Federation kusuka eCape Zayats ogwini lweLwandle lwaseBarents eNorth Island yaseNovaya Zemlya, ogwini olusentshonalanga, olusenyakatho nasempumalanga kuze kube semlanjeni woMfula iSpokoynaya ogwini lweKara lweNorth Island, kufaka phakathi iGulf Stream, iBolshoi Oransky neMaly Oransky IBezymyanny encane, Isiqhingi saseLoshkin kanye nesiqhingi saseGemskerk.

Indawo yesakhiwo singamahektare angama-1,426,000, kufaka phakathi umhlaba ongama-632,090 ha (indawo yokubekelwa indawo), indawo enamanzi - 783,910 ha (reservation land).

1990s

Ngo-1991, inkampani kawoyela kahulumeni iRosneftegaz yadalwa ngesisekelo soMnyango Wezamafutha nowamagesi wase-USSR. Ngo-1993, yaguqulwa yenziwa ibhizinisi likahulumeni iRosneft.

NgoSepthemba 1995, iRosneft yahlanganiswa.

Ngo-1990s, okulandelayo kukhishwe eRosneft:

Ngo-1995-97. phakathi kwe-SIDANCO neRosneft kwakukhona umzabalazo wePurneftegaz (impahla yokugcina yenkampani enkulu yombuso noma enkulu kakhulu engaphansi yenkampani yombuso). Umphumela waba ukulondolozwa kwePurneftegaz njengengxenye yeRosneft, ngoba ngonyaka ka-1997 ukwenziwa kwemfihlo kwenkampani kwahlelwa. Kuqala, uSibneft wayethathwa njengomuntu okhipha amabhidi, kepha umfelandawonye wezinkampani ezinkulu zika-oyela wamelana nenkampani yase Roman Abramovich kanti isivumelwano asenzekanga.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwakhe njengondunankulu, u-E. Primakov, bekunezinhlelo zokubuyisa i-ONAKO kanye ne-SIDANCO eRosneft futhi bakhe inhlangano kazwelonke yamafutha ngokwesisekelo sale nkampani.

Ngo-1990s, inkampani yaholwa:

2000s

Eminyakeni yokuqala yama-2000s, umsebenzi oyinhloko wabaphathi benkampani kwaba ukuqinisa ukulawula impahla, ukunciphisa umthwalo wezikweletu nokuthola amalayisense e-Eastern Siberia. Isizathu esinqumayo sokwandisa indima yenkampani ephethwe nguhulumeni embonini kawoyela waseRussia kwakuwukuxhaswa okuvela ebuholini obuphezulu bezwe.

Ngo-2002, le nkampani yabuya ekwakhiweni kwayo, yalahleka ngonyaka we-1997, eKrasnodarneftegaz, ekuqaleni kuka-2003, le nkampani yathengwa yiSevernaya Neft.

Ngo-2007, inkampani okokuqala yangena ohlwini lwaminyaka yonke lwamakhulu ezinkampani ahlonishwa kakhulu nezinkampani emhlabeni ngokusho kweBarron yamasonto onke endaweni yama-99.

Maphakathi noFebhuwari 2009, kwaziwa ukuthi uchungechunge lwezivumelwano lwenziwa phakathi kweChina neRussia, ukuhlinzeka ngenkontileka yeminyaka engama-20 yokulethwa kwamafutha phakathi kwenkampani kawoyela yaseChina i-CNPC neRosneft (amathani ayizigidi eziyi-15 kawoyela ngonyaka), isivumelwano phakathi kwe-CNPC neTransneft ku ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwegatsha kusuka e-Eastern Amafutha Ophayiphi (i-ESPO) kuya eChina, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwemali mboleko yama- dollar ayizigidi ezingama- $ 25 (amaRandi ayizigidigidi ezili-15 zeRosneft kanye ne- $ 10 billion yeTransneft) kwiBhange Lezentuthuko laseChina eligcinwe yilokhu okutholakalayo. Umphathi oneminyaka engu-24 ubudala kwenye yezindawo zokudlela zaseBeijing, indodana yenxusa laseRussia eChina, u-S. S. Razov, waqokwa waba inhloko yehhovisi labamele iRosneft esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific.

NgoSepthemba 2010, u-Eduard Khudainatov wangena esikhundleni sikaSergei Bogdanchikov njengoMongameli wale nkampani.

Ngo-Okthoba 15, 2010, uMongameli waseRussia uDmitry Medvedev noVenezuela Hugo Chavez basayina isivumelwano sokuthengisa amasheya angama-50% enkampani yaseJalimane uRuhr Oel, ongumnikazi wezimpahla zokucoca uwoyela eJalimane, waya eRosneft, ephethwe yiPDVSA yaseVenezuelan. Lokhu kwaqala ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkampani zikawoyela zaseRussia nezaseVenezuelan. URosneft wanikela ngemalimboleko yePDVSA, isamba semali efinyelela ku- $ 6.5 billion (ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2019 isikweletu sasingu- $ 2.3 billion), inkampani yaseRussia inemaphesenti angama-40 kumaphrojekthi ahlanganyelwe amaningi: iJunin-6, iPetromonagas neKarabobo esisekelweni sase-Orinoco, eBoqueron ogwini lwe-Atlantic, iPetoperich ogwini lweCaribbean. Kodwa-ke, alikho kulawa maprojekthi afinyelela izinkomba ezibikezelwe, iphrojekthi yokubambisana kwe-flagship, uJunin-6 (Junin-6), obekumele ikhiqize imiphongolo kawoyela eyizigidi ezingama-450 ngosuku, empeleni ivaliwe kusukela ngonyaka ka-2015 (bekuhlelelwe ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2012 izokhululwa ngemiphongolo eyizinkulungwane ezingama-20 ngosuku, kepha kukhiqizwe okungangonyaka unyaka wonke. Enye yezizathu zalokhu izinga eliphakeme lokukhohlakala enkampanini kawoyela kahulumeni waseVenezuela (ebiza u-90% wemali etholwayo yokuthumela emazweni angaphandle), ingxenye ebalulekile yezimali zezinto ezihlanganyelwe ezisetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele.

Kusukela ngoMeyi 23, 2012, umongameli wenkampani lowo wayeyiPhini Likandunankulu KaHulumeni waseRussia, owengamele umsebenzi wokuphehla ugesi namandla, u-Igor Sechin, kanye noMongameli wangaphambilini u-Eduard Khudainatov bathole isikhundla sokuba ngumongameli.

Ehlobo lika-2012, iRosneft yathola isizinda se-oyela kaphethiloli e-United Shipbuilding Corporation (OSK) esisendaweni kaMurmansk Shipyard No. 35 (itheminali yokudluliselwa kwemikhiqizo kawoyela neyoyela ngokususelwa ku-LLC Polar Terminal). Inani lokuthenga lilinganiselwa ku- $ 28 wezigidi (ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-900). Ngokwemithombo ye-Kommersant, isiguli saseMurmansk singasetshenziswa njengengxenye yamaphrojekthi weRosneft Arctic.

Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 2012, iRosneft yamemezela isivumelwano sokuthi izothola umuntu ozoncintisana nayo, inkampani yamafutha aseRussia i-TNK-BP, ebeka iRosneft endaweni yokuqala phakathi kwezinkampani zika-oyili zomphakathi emhlabeni jikelele ezigcinweni nasekukhiqizeni (i-BP ngokubuyisela isigxobo sayo ku-TNK -BP ithole isigodi esiyi-19.75% eRosneft). Isivumelwano siphele ngoMashi 21, 2013.

Ekupheleni konyaka we-2016, isigxobo esingu-19.5% sathengiswa i-Consortium Glencore kanye neQatar Investment Authority ngamarandi ayizigidi eziyi-10,2. Ngemuva kokuthengiselana, uRosneftegaz ushiye ama-50% + 1 isabelo senkampani.

NgoSepthemba 26, 2017, uhulumeni waseRussia wagunyaza lowo owayengu-Chancellor waseGerman uGerhard Schroeder njengosihlalo webhodi yabaqondisi beRosneft.

IRosneft e-Abkhazia

NgoMeyi 26, 2009, kwaqedwa isivumelwano sokusebenzisana seminyaka emihlanu phakathi kweRosneft noMnyango Wezomnotho weRiphabhulikhi yase-Abkhazia. La maqembu amemezele inhloso yawo yokuthuthukisa ukubambisana okuzuzisayo ezindaweni ezinjengokuhlolwa komhlaba kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamasimu ka-oyili negesi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrocarbon, ukuthengiswa kuka-oyela, igesi yemvelo nemikhiqizo kawoyela. Inkampani ephethwe nguhulumeni waseRussia yenze ukuhlola okuvela phesheya esifundeni i-Ochamchira, okuyindawo yayo yokulondolozwa kuqikelelwa ukuthi isuka ezigidini ezingama-200 kuya kwezi-500 zamathani kaphethiloli. Ukuthuthukiswa nokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yayo yokuthengisa kubuye futhi kubhekelele nokwakhiwa kwezindawo ezihlaziya kabusha kule ndawo.

Ngokusho kukaRosneft, inkampani njengamanje inikezela ngaphezu kwengxenye yokuthengisa okuthengiswayo kwemikhiqizo kaphethiloli e-Abkhazia. Ngo-2014, iRosneft ingenisa amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-47 yemikhiqizo kawoyela e-Abkhazia. Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2015, kwahlinzekwa ngophethiloli we-jet esikhumulweni sezindiza saseSukhum.

Njengengxenye yephrojekthi yokuthuthukisa indawo yelayisense yaseGudauta eshalofini leBlack Sea, iRosneft iphothule uhla oluphelele lwezifundo ze-geophysical and geochemical, yenza ucwaningo lwe-2D kanye ne-3D seismic, futhi yaqala amalungiselelo okumba imishini yokuhlola. NgoJuni 2014, iRosneft yandisa isikhathi seminyaka emihlanu sokufunda ishalofu.

Kepha ngoJulayi 2015, uMengameli wase-Abkhazia, uRaul Khadjimba, owalandela u-Alexander Ankvab, waphikisana nokuhlolwa nokukhiqizwa kawoyela eshalofini elingasogwini lwase-Abkhazia futhi wacela iphalamende ukuthi licabangele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwe "ikhomishini yocwaningo olunzulu lwezinkinga ezihlobene nokuphetha kwezinkontileka zokuhlola nokukhiqiza. ama-hydrocarbons ”ubuholi be-Abkhaz bangaphambilini.

Iqembu lamaphalamende ePhalamende lase-Abkhazia laze lathula nomthethosivivinywa ovimbela ukuthuthukiswa (ukukhiqizwa) kwama-hydrocarbons (uwoyela negesi) e-Abkhazia. Abasekeli bokuvalwa kwesivumelwano bafuna ukuthi kuvinjelwe ukwakhiwa kweshelu lolwandle e-Abkhazia iminyaka engama-30.

Ukutholwa kwezimpahla zeYukos

NgoDisemba 22, 2004, iRosneft, isebenzisa imali ebibolekiwe, ithole iBaikalfinansgroup, enqoba indali ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambili ukuthenga iYuganskneftegaz, ngaphambili eyayingeyakwaYukos. Ngokwezibalo eziningi, lo msebenzi waqondiswa ngobuciko yiziphathimandla zaseRussia futhi uhlose ukwenza enye yezinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu zikawoyela negesi ezweni. Mayelana nokuthengwa kweYuganskneftegaz, umthamo wokugcina nokukhiqizwa kweRosneft ukhuphuke kaningana.

Ngemuva kwalokho, iRosneft yamangalela iYukos maqondana nokusetshenziswa kwamanani aphansi okuthengwa kwamafutha okuthengwa kwamafutha eYuganskneftegaz ngaphambi kokuhlukaniswa kwawo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokusho kweminye imibiko, iRosneft ngokwayo ithenge i-oyili negesi kusuka kuYuganskneftegaz engaphansi kwayo ngamanani okudlulisa.

NgoMeyi 2007, iRosneft yanqoba uchungechunge lokuthengiswa kwezimpahla zaseYukos, kufaka phakathi izindawo zokuhlanza uwoyela ezinhlanu (i-Angarsk, Achinsky, Kuibyshevsky, Novokuybyshevsky neSyzransky) kanye neTomskneft neSamaraneftegaz izinkampani zikawoyela eRussia.

Ngokusho kochwepheshe bephephandaba iVedomosti, izimpahla zakwaYukos ezithengwe yiRosneft ezimakethe ezihlelwe nguhulumeni zaya kulo ngesaphulelo sika-43.4% wentengo yemakethe yale ndawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngonyaka we-2007, izimpahla zangaphambili zeYukos zabalelwa ku-72.6% kawoyela nophethiloli odonsela amandla kanye no-74.2% wokucutshungulwa kukagesi weRosneft ngokuyinhloko.

NgoMashi 27, 2007, i-RN-Razvitie LLC, engaqondile i-100% ephethwe yiRosneft, ithole indali ngokuthengwa kuka-9.44% wamasheya eRosneft angawenkampani kawoyela ebhuqiwe iYukos.

IPO

NgoJulayi 2006, umnikelo wokuqala womphakathi (i-IPO) weRosneft wenzeka. I-Federal Service for Markets yezezimali yaseRussia igunyaze ukufakwa nokusakazwa kwama-22,5% ezabelo zeRosneft ngaphandle kwezwe. URosneft umemezele umgwaqo wokubekwa kuka- $ 5.85-7.85 ngesabelo esisodwa kanye ne-GDR, ngokusekelwe ekuqongeleleni imali kwenkampani ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwezigidigidi ezingama- $ 60-80. Kuhlelwe ukuthi kubekwe amasheya okungenani ama- $ 8,5 billion - kakhulu ukuthi iRosneftegaz ibuye ubolekise emabhange aseNtshonalanga, ukhokhele inzalo ngalo futhi ukhokhe intela.

URosneftegaz uthengise enye ingxenye yezabelo zakhe kubatshalizimali abahlukahlukene eLondon Stock Exchange (LSE), kuma-RTS naseMoscow Interbank Currency Exchange. Futhi, ingxenye yamasheya yasatshalaliswa phakathi kwabantu baseRussia ngamagatsha aseSberbank, Gazprombank, njll.

NgoJulayi 14, 2006, imiphumela esemthethweni yokubekwa kwamenyezelwa. Le nkampani ithengise amasheya ngenani elingu- $ 7.55 lilinye, cishe nomngcele ongaphezulu webanga lentengo, elihambisana nokwabiwa kwemali yenkampani (kucatshangelwa ukuhlanganiswa okuzayo kwezinkampani ezixhaswayo) zamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingama-73,8 (iRosneft yaba yinkampani enkulu kawoyela yaseRussia ngalesi sikhombisi, yehlula iLukoil "). Abatshalizimali bathenga amasheya ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.38 abiza ama- dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10,4. Abatshalizimali abangamaqhinga bahlinzeka ngo-21% wezidingo, abatshalizimali bamazwe aphesheya abavela e-USA, Europe nase-Asia - 36%, abatshalizimali baseRussia - 39%, abatshalizimali baseRussia - 4%. Abatshalizimali abane babala ama-49.4% we-IPO ephelele, kufaka iBritish BP ($ 1 billion), iMalsian Petronas ($ 1.5 billion) neChinese CNPC ($ 0.5 billion). Izicelo zathunyelwa kubantu abathile zokuthengwa kwamasheya angama-99,431,775 enkampani kawoyela, futhi ngenxa yalokho, iningi labaninimasheya abasha kwakungamuntu ngamunye, ingxenye yalokhu, i-IPO yathola igama elingelona igama elaziwa ngokuthi “othandwayo”.

IPOne Rosneft yayiyinkulu emlandweni eRussia neyesihlanu emhlabeni ngokuya ngenani lemali ephakanyisiwe. Inani elimenyezelwe lingakhuphuka ngesinye isigidi sama- $ 400 uma abaxhumanisi bebekwa emhlabeni wonke besebenzisa ukhetho zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 - bazothenga amanye amaRosneft GDR ayisigidi angama-53 ngentengo yokubekwa.

Ukubambisana ne-BP: umfelandawonye ohlulekile kanye nokuthengwa okulandelayo kwe-TNK-BP

NgoJanuwari 2011, iRosneft nenkampani kawoyela yaseBrithani iBP yamemezela ukuthi bafinyelele esivumelwaneni sokushintshana ngemali (inkampani yaseRussia kulindeleke ukuthi ithole ama-5% ezabelo ezijwayelekile zokuvota eBP, kuthi iBritish - 9.5% yezabelo zikaRosneft). Ngemuva kwalokho inkampani yaseRussia yavumelana ne-BP ukuthi yakhe umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe ozothuthukisa amasimu kawoyela nogesi oLwandle lwaseKara (iRosneft kulo kufanele ngabe unamalungu angama-66.67%, BP - 33.33%).

Kamuva, abanikazi bamasheya baseRussia benkampani ehlanganyele i-TNK-BP (i-BP bangumnikazi wamaphesenti angama-50 kuyo, kanti i-AAP Consortium, okubandakanya i-Alfa Group, i-Access Industries kanye neRenova, inamalungu angama-50%), bengagculisekile ngemibandela yalokhu kuhweba, badlulisela enkantolo yaseLondon isimangalo sokumiswa kokubulawa kwaso. Ngokombono wabo, lokhu kuthengiselana kuzokwephula isivumelwano samasheya we-TNK-BP, ngokuthi abaseBrithani bangafeza amaphrojekthi kawoyela negesi eRussia kanye neCIS kuphela ngeTNK-BP. NgoMashi 24, 2011, ukulamula kwabakwaStockholm kwanquma ukunqamula isivumelwano phakathi kwe-BP neRosneft. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo ka-2011, i-BP, iRosneft kanye nabanikazi bamasheya baseRussia be-TNK-BP bazamile ukuthola isisulu sokuguqula isivumelwano esasimenyezelwe, kepha ngoMeyi 17, 2011 kwaziwa ukuthi isivumelwano sephukile.

Ngo-Okthoba 22, 2012, kwamenyezelwa ukuthi iRosneft yayivumelane nababambiqhaza be-TNK-BP ukuyothenga lo msebenzi wokugcina. Kucatshangwa ukuthi iBritish BP izokwamukela u- $ 17.1 billion wemali no-12.84% wamasheya weRosneft ekhasini elilinganiselwe lenkampani yaseRussia ngesabelo sayo, ngenkathi i-AAR Consortium izothola ama-dollar ayizigidi ezingama-28 zamaRandi (konke ukuthengiselana kuzimele. Kucatshangwa ukuthi uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, iBritish BP izoba nesibalo esingu-19.75% eRosneft, kanti neRosneft uqobo izolawula amaphesenti angama-40 empahla ekhiqizwa uwoyela negesi yaseRussia futhi izothatha indawo yokuqala phakathi kwezinkampani zomphakathi emhlabeni ngokuya ngazo zombili izindawo ezigcinelwe nokukhiqiza . NgoJanuwari 2013, i-Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) yanikeza isicelo sikaRosneft sokutholwa kwe-100% ye-TNK-BP.

NgoMashi 2013, iDirectorate General for Competition ye-European Commission yavuma ukuhlanganiswa kweRosneft ne-TNK-BP. Mashi 22, kwaqedwa ngokutholwa kwengxenye ye-AAR neBP ngama-27,73 no-16.65 (12.84% wezokuphepha kweRosneft) zamadola ayizigidigidi. Ukuxhasa ukutholwa kwezimali, inkampani idonsa imali ebolekwe emabhange angaphandle ngama- dollar ayizigidi ezingama-31, yaphetha izinkokhelo zezimali ezingaphambi kwezigidi eziyishumi zamarandi nabathengisi bakawoyela i-Glencore neVitol, yabeka amabhondi ezigidigidi ezintathu, imibiko yansuku zonke yeRBC.

NgoJanuwari 2017, abaphathi be-BP bamemezele ukulungela kwabo ukudala amathuba amasha okuhlangana neRosneft. Ngokusho kukaMongameli we-BP Russia David Campbell, ukungena ngokuhlanganyela kungakhiwa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezimboni. Le nkampani njengamanje inesibazi e-Ermak Neftegaz nase Tass-Yuryakh Neftegazodobycha.

Isivumelwano ne-ExxonMobil

Esikhathini esithile ngemuva kokudilizwa kwe-BP, ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti 2011, abaphathi beRosneft bamemezele ukufezekiswa kwezivumelwano ezifanayo nesikhulu sikawoyela ne-US i-ExxonMobil. Inkampani yaseMelika, ngokwemigomo yesivumelwano sokusebenzisana ngokubambisana, izoba ngumlingani kaRosneft ekwakheni amasimu amakhulu kawoyela negesi e-Arctic (UNdunankulu waseRussia uVladimir Putin, obehambele umcimbi wokusayina, walinganisela inani lokutshalwa kwezimali kulezi zinhlelo ngamakhulu ezigidigidi zamaRandi). Futhi, amaRussia azothola ithuba lokungena kumaphrojekthi we-ExxonMobil, kufaka phakathi iGulf of Mexico naseTexas. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sivumelwano sihlinzekela ukuhlelelwa kweSikhungo Sokucwaninga Se-Arctic esihlangene eSt. Ngokungafani nesivumelwano ne-BP, ukubambisana nenkampani yaseMelika akunikezeli ngokushintshana kwamasheya.

Ukuthuthuka okuhlongoziwe kokuhlangana kweshelufu i-Arctic okwenziwa yiRosneft ne-ExxonMobil lapho kungekho khona ubuchwepheshe bokuqedwa kwezingozi nokuchitheka kawoyela ezimweni ezinzima zase-Arctic kudale ukugxekwa ngokushesha kwabezemvelo.

Ukubambisana kwegesi ne-Itera

NgoFebhuwari 2012, iRosneft yamemezela ukudalwa kwenhlangano ebanjisanayo ne-Itera, inkampani yangasese kagesi. U-Itera kufanele anikele ngempahla yakhe eyinhloko yegesi emsebenzini ohlanganyelwe (49% weSibneftegaz OJSC, ama-49% wePurgaz CJSC), kanye nesakhiwo sokuthengisa se-Uralsevergaz-NGK, neRosneft - amasimu wegesi weqembu leKynsko-Chaselskaya . Izindawo ezihlanganisiwe zenkampani zingaba cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingama-60 kaphethiloli wegesi no-1,2 trillion m³ wegesi.

Ekupheleni kukaMeyi 2013, ukuthengiswa kwama-49% asele e-Itera e-OAO Rosneft kumenyezelwe (ngaleso sikhathi iRosneft yayivele inama-51% e-Itera). Isivumelwano sabalelwa ku- $ 2.9 billion, ngoJulayi 2013 isivumelwano savalwa.

Imicimbi yango-2014 phakathi kobudlelwano bokupholisa phakathi kweRussia neNtshonalanga

NgoJulayi 17, 2014, uMnyango Wezezimali e-U.S umemezele ukwethulwa kwemiyalo eyengeziwe ngokumelene neRussian Federation mayelana nesimo ezungeze i-Ukraine. IRosneft nayo ifakiwe ohlwini lwezikhalazo.

Ngo-Agasti 2014, kwaziwa ukuthi iRosneft ithole impahla yaseRussia neyaseVenezuelan yeStorfordford, inkampani yezinkonzo zikawoyela yaseSwitzerland, emkhakheni wokumba kanye nokulungiswa kahle. Ukuthengwa kwabiza inkampani yaseRussia cishe ama- $ 400 ezigidi.

Ngo-Agasti 2014, ngokusho kwemibiko eminingi yabezindaba, umongameli weRosneft Igor Sechin wafaka isikhalazo kuHulumeni waseRussia ngesicelo sosizo lwezezimali enkampanini ngesamba sama-ruble ayi-1.5 trillion. Enye yezindlela ezihlongozwayo zosizo, okuyiyo ngasikhathi sinye ebiza kakhulu, ukuthenga kabusha ngokuqedwa kwe-National Wealth Fund (ingxenye yeSikhwama Sokuqiniswa) kwamabhondi amasha eRosneft ngenani lama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-1.5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lemali elidingekayo alikho, njengoba kufakazelwa yincwadi evela kuMnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa Komnotho. Isidingo sosizo sichazwa yimiyalo yaseMelika ebekelwe le nkampani, ehlanganiswe namabhange aseYurophu nabatshalizimali abasebenza emakethe yaseMelika futhi abanentshisekelo yokwandisa isimo sabo. Iphephandaba i-RBC nsuku zonke, licaphuna imininingwane yeRosneft, libike ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, liqongelele ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-684 (angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20 zamaRandi) kuma-akhawunti alo nakuma-deposity. Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi abahlolwe yile ncwadi, inani eliqoqiwe lanele ukumboza izidingo ezi-2/3 zezidingo zikaRosneft ngonyaka olandelayo nohhafu, futhi inkampani iyakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu zayo ngaphandle kokuxhaswa ngumbuso.

Ngo-Okthoba 2014, inkampani yamemezela kwiwebhusayithi yayo yokuthengwa kwempahla yomphakathi ukuthi isilungele ukukhokha ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-38,5. ngehora kubameli abazobe sebeqashiwe ukuze baphonsele inselelo ukuba semthethweni kwemithetho ebekiwe.

Ngo-2014, iRosneft yathola ukwehla komkhiqizo, okuhambisana nokwehla kwezindawo zempahla enkulu esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza iRosneft, iYuganskneftegaz, enikeza izinkampani zikahulumeni izinkampani ezingaphansi kuka-35% ezikhiqiza uwoyela. Inkampani yezinkampani ezisebenzisa uwoyela i-Agan-Burenie izama ukuthola isikweletu esivela kuYuganskneftegaz ngokusebenzisa icala lokumemezela imali yaseYuganskneftegaz.

Ukutholwa kwesigxobo esilawulayo eBashneft

Ngo-Okthoba 10, 2016, uNdunankulu uDmitry Medvedev wasayina isimemezelo sikahulumeni sokuthi kuzothengiswa intengo ephethwe nguhulumeni ngo-50.075% wamasheya weBashneft eRosneft ngama-ruble angama-329,7 billion. Umsebenzi wokuthengisa uqobo uvaliwe ngo-Okthoba 12 futhi imali evela ekuthengisweni kwephakethe (ama-ruble angama-329,7 billion) idluliselwe kwi-akhawunti yomgcinimafa wenhlangano.

Ukwenza ngokwezimali ama-19.5% amasheya

NgoNovemba 27, 2014, uNdunankulu uD. A. Medvedev wasayina Isinqumo Nomb. 2358-r sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation ngokuchitha amasheya eRosneft Amafutha Inkampani Inkampani i-OJSC ngemali efinyelela ku-2,066,727,473 (19.5% yamasheya) zokwenza izinto zangasese ngentengo elandelayo "ezingekho ngaphansi kwenani lemakethe elinqunywe ngesisekelo sombiko wozimele ovumayo, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwenani lokutholwa komphakathi kokuqala okuthengisiwe ngo-2006".

NgoFebhuwari 2016, uMongameli Vladimir Putin wavumela ukuthengiswa kwengxenye yamasheya eRosneft, umsizi wakhe u-Andrei Belousov wabe esekhuluma ngokuthengiswa kwesigxobo esiyi-19% enkampanini kumtshalizimali onobuchule.

NgoDisemba 7, 2016, kumenyezelwe ukuthi inkampani yaseSwitzerland iGlencore kanye neQatari Emper Fund bathola isigxobo sika-19,5% eRosneft. Ama-Reuters atholakala kubathengi inkampani yasolwandle, i-QHG Cayman Limited, enabanikazi bayo abangalandelwa (bona umdwebo wepropathi). Umkhulumeli weRosneft uMikhail Leontyev unqabile ukuphawula ngalabo abahlomulile kwiQHG Cayman. Njengokulandelayo kusuka kwemali esebhange yaseCentral Bank, lokhu kuthengiselana akuzange kulethe imali eningi eRussia: yonke imali etholwe ezweni yahamba yaphesheya.

IRosneft ithengise amasheya ayo emhlanganweni weRosneftegaz, imali leyo yafika kuma-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10,2 (ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-69,4), amanye ama-ruble ayi-18,4 billion. URosneftegaz uthathe isinqumo sokudlulisela kwisabelomali ngendlela yezabelo. NgoDisemba 16, iRosneftegaz yabika ngokudluliselwa kwemali kwisabelomali. Izabelo ezintsha zeRosneft bekufanele zinikeze ama-euro ayizigidigidi ezingama-2,8, ezinye, njengoba bekulindelekile, kwakuyimali ebolekwe ebhange lase-Italy i-Intesa Sanpaolo kanye nokuhlangana kwamanye amabhange, kufaka phakathi nalawo amaRussia. Ngobusuku besivumelwano, iRosneft ibeka ngokuqinile izibopho ezibiza ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-600, izibambiso ezibiza ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-173. wayengathenga iGazprombank. Ukuphepha kufakiwe ohlwini lweLombard lweCentral Bank yeRussian Federation, okungukuthi, amabhange angathola imali mboleko kwi-Central Bank of the Russian Federation ngokuphepha kwabo.

Isivumelwano sokukwenza imali yangasese esingu-19.5% yamasheya abangele ukubuyekezwa okuxubile. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi umbuso utshale imali engaphezulu kuka- $ 200 billion esigxotsheni sale nkampani, futhi ucubungula ukudayiswa kwamasheya ayi-19.5%, inkampani ayibaluleki ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyizigidi ezingama- $ 56. Izindleko zikahulumeni zikaRosneftegaz zangasese zafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-90.4, yingakho inkampani ayikwazanga ukukhokha izabelo kuhulumeni zango-2016. Ngokwemibiko ye-RAS, ukwenziwa kwe-Rosneft kwenze ukuthi iRosneftegaz ilahlekelwe ngama-ruble ayi-167 billion. .

Ngo-Ephreli 2017, uMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin wanikeza abathengi isigxobo eRosneft nge-Order of Friendship.

Ngo-Agasti 2017, kwaba nemibiko yokuthi inkampani ehlanganyelwe ye-China Energy ne-Eduard Khudainatov, inkampani ezimele kawoyela negesi (NOC), ingangena enhlokodolobha ye-QHG Amafutha (ngaphambili ama-QHG Shares, angabanini abangama-19,5% eRosneft). NgoSepthemba 2017, uSechchin wamemezela ukuthi i-ChinaFC yaseChina izothenga umkhawulo we-14.16% eRosneft kwaGlencore kanye nesikhwama seQatari. Ngemuva kokuthengisa ama-14.2% kumaShayina, iQatar Emper Fund (QIA) neGlencore izogcina u-4.8% no-0.5% weRosneft, ngokulandelana. Kubikwa ukuthi i-CEFC inganikela ngemalimboleko yokutholwa kwamasheya weRosneft futhi yabe isinikezwa yi-VTB State Bank (ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu). Ngemuva kwemibiko kubuye kwavela ukuthi ukuthengiswa kuka-14% weRosneft kwi-Chinese CEFC kuhlehlisiwe. Ukuthengiselana kuyabambezeleka ngenxa yengozi yokwanda okuqinile kumthwalo wesikweletu weECFC. NgoMeyi 4, 2018, iGlencore yamemezela ngokusemthethweni ukumiswa kokuthengiselana neECFC. I-ChinaFC yase-China ikhokhe u- € 225 million kwi-Consortium yeQatari QIA naseSwitzerland Glencore yokuphelisa ukuthengiselana.

Iphakethe lelo, elalidayiselwe inkampani yaseChina, lathengwa yi-Qatar Emper Fund (QIA), eyaba ngumnikazi wesigxobo esingu-18,93% eRosneft, kanye nomlingani wayo kwisivumelwano sokuqala sobumfihlo, iGlencore, wagcina ngo-0,57% kuphela. Ukuthengiselana ne-QIA kwenzeka ngo-Agasti 2018, ngokwesiphetho sabahlaziyi be-Sberbank CIB, imalimboleko yeBhange le-VTB lama- $ 2 billion esikhwameni se-Qatar QIA sokuthengwa kwamasheya eRosneft kubangele ukuphuma kwezimali okuvela eRussia futhi kwehla izinga lokushintshana nge-ruble.

NgoNovemba 2018, kwavela ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yokutholwa kwesikhwama se-Qatar se-Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) ka-14.16% yeRosneft (i-China CEFC yaseChina ekuqaleni yasho lesi sigaxa) yaxhaswa yi-VTB State Bank, ephikisana nenhloso ebekiwe yoku “heha iRussia. imali yakwamanye amazwe. " Ama-akhawunti ka-VTB kaSepthemba athunyelwe kuwebhusayithi ye-CBR akhombisa ukuthi i-VTB iboleke ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-434 kulabo ababolekisi bangaphandle abangabizi. (Ama- $ 6.7 billion) isikhathi esifinyelela eminyakeni emithathu, ngemuva kokuba yena eboleke ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-350 ku-CBR. .

Ukulahlwa Kwezimpahla ZaseVenezuela

NgoMashi 28, 2020, kumenyezelwe ukuthi inkampani, ephethwe ngu-100% (iRosneftegaz icatshangelwa), izothola yonke impahla kaRosneft eVenezuela, kufaka phakathi amasheya enhla nomfula iPetromonagas, iPetroperija, iBoqueron, iPetromiranda nePetrovictoria, ezinsizakalweni zamafutha amabhizinisi kanye nokuhweba imisebenzi. Ukushintshana ngalokhu, iRosneft izothola amaphakheji wezabelo zayo ngenani le-9.6% kubhalansi lwenye yezinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo. Kulesi simo, isigxobo esisebenzayo sikahulumeni eRosneft sizokwehla size sifinyelele kuma-44.3% (okuyi-40.4% - ngqo kwiRosneftegaz, kuthi omunye u-3.9% abelane ngesabelo esilinganayo esigxotsheni somgcinimafa esingu-9.6%). NgoFebhuwari, uMnyango Wezezimali wase-US wakhipha unswinyo kuRosneft Trading, umhwebi waseSwitzerland waseRosneft, kanye nomongameli wayo, uDidier Kasimiro, ngokuhweba uwoyela waseVenezuelan. Mayelana nokulahlwa kwezimpahla zaseVenezuela, okhulumela iRosneft uMikhail Leontyev uthe: "Manje sinezizathu zokugcwalisa esidlangalaleni isethembiso saseMelika sokuphakamisa unswinyo. Njengenkampani yamazwe omhlaba, sithathe isinqumo ngezinhloso zabaninimasheya esimweni sesimo esivele sithuthukile. ”

Abanini nabaphathi

Ngaphambi kwe-IPO, ama-100% ezabelo zikaRosneft zazingezikaRosneftegaz. Ngemuva kokuthi inkampani ibeke amasheya ayo ekushintshiselweni kwamasheya futhi yahlanganisa amasheya ezinkampani eziyi-12 zeRosneft (kufaka neYuganskneftegaz), isabelo seRosneftegaz sehle saya kuma-75.16% amasheya. Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2012, iRosneft yayinabaninimasheya angaphezu kwenkulungwane ayi-160. NgoDisemba 2016, isibalo sabanikazi bamasheya abathile benkampani sasiyi-138,000. Ukusuka ngoJulayi 2018, iRosneftegaz inengxenye yesilinganiso esingu-50%, iBritish BP - 19.75%, iSwitzerland-Qatari Consortium QHG Amafutha Omgwaqo - 19.5%.

Amalungu eBhodi yabaqondisi beRosneft PJSC aqokwa nguMhlangano Kazwelonke Wwabanini bamasheya okwesikhashana kuze kube uMhlangano Kazwelonke Wonyaka Wabahlanganyeli.

Imisebenzi

Izimpahla ezibalulekile ezikhipha ku-2018:

• I-LLC RN-Yuganskneftegaz (izimbiza eziyizigidi ezingama-519,8 imitha kaphethiloli engu-4.77 billion wamitha, i-Western Siberia),
• I-CJSC Vankorneft (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-159 zamamitha ayi-7,25 wamamitha wegesi, i-Eastern Siberia),
• ISamotlorneftegaz (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-143.8 zamamitha ama-5.9 billion wamamitha wegesi, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• IBashneft-Production (imigqomo eyi-121.4 imigqomo yegesi engu-0.5 billion m³ wegesi, eCentral Russia),
• I-Orenburgneft (izimbiza eziyizigidi eziyi-110.4 zamamitha + kagesi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,38, iRentral Russia),
• ISamaraneftegaz JSC (imiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-89,76 wemitha kagesi eyi-0.52 billion, eRussia Central),
• I-RN-Uvatneftegas (imiphongolo yezigidi ezingama-78.33 wamamitha ayi-0.3 wegesi, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• I-Verkhnechonskneftegaz (imiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-61 + ama-0.87 billion m³ wegesi, i-Eastern Siberia),
• I-Varieganneftegas (imiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-44,1 imitha kagesi eyi-4.06 billion, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• I-RN-Nyaganneftegaz (imigqomo yezigidi ezingama-43.36 wamamitha ayi-1.78 billion m,, i-Western Siberia),
• I-LLC RN-Purneftegaz (imiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-36,2 imitha kagesi eziyisi-5.61 billion, i-Western Siberia) ,,
• I-OAO Tomskneft VNK (imiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-32,4 + igesi engu-0.95 billion m95, i-Western Siberia),
• I-RN-North Amafutha (imigqomo yezigidi ezingama-22.4 imitha kaphethiloli + ka-0,19 billion wamitha wegesi, iTiman-Pechora eRiphabhulikhi yaseKomi,
• I-Taas-Yuryakh Amafutha nokukhiqiza igesi (imiphongolo yezigidi ezingama-21.5, Far East),
• Amaphrojekthi we-Offshore (imigqomo yezigidi ezingama-19,6 imigqomo yegesi engu-3.12 billion m³, Far East),
• IVostibneftegas (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-17,1, iSiberia eseMpumalanga),
• IKondaneft (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-11.8, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• ISorovskneft (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-11, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• IBashneft-Polyus (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-8.1, iTiman-Pechora),
• ISibneftegas (imitha eziyi-11.96 zamamitha kaphethiloli, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• I-Rospan International (amamitha ayi-4.77 wamamitha kaphethiloli, iNtshonalanga yeSiberia),
• Iphrojekthi ye-Zor (2,5 billion wamitha wegesi, i-Egypt),
• I-RN-Krasnodarneftegas (i-1.99 billion m³ kaphethiloli, eningizimu yeRussia),
• I-Rosneft Vietnam B.V. (I-0.78 billion m³ kagesi, eVietnam),
• I-LLC RN-Sakhalinmorneftegaz (amamitha ayi-cubic metres ayi-0.37 wegesi, Far East).

• I-Slavneft (imiphongolo yezigidi ezingama-51,1 zamamitha ayi-0.47 wegesi, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga),
• I-OAO Udmurtneft (imiphongolo eyizigidi ezingama-22,3, iRentral Russia),
• IMessoyakhaneftegaz (imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-16.5, iSiberia eseNtshonalanga),
• IPurgaz (amamitha ayi-4.72 wamamitha kaphethiloli, i-Western Siberia).

Ukwakheka kwale nkampani kufaka phakathi izindawo zokuhlanza uwoyela ezinkulu eziyisishiyagalolunye eRussia: Komsomolsky, Tufall, Kuibyshevsky, Novokuybyshevsky, Syzransky, Achinsky, Saratov uwoyela ukucoca, inkampani yokuhlanza ioyile yaseRyazan kanye nenkampani yezimoto i-Angarsk. E-Russia, iRosneft futhi inemizi emine yokuhlaziya eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga eSiberia, eTiman-Pechora naseningizimu engxenyeni eseYurophu yeRussia enenani lamathani ayizigidi ezingama-0,6 kawoyela ngonyaka, kanye nengxenye ekuhlanzeni kwe-Strezhevsky mini eSiberia yaseNtshonalanga. EJalimane, iRosneft inamasheya ezindaweni zokuhlaziya ezine ezinomthamo ophelele wamathani ayizigidi eziyi-11.5 (kwisabelo seRosneft).

Ukusuka ngoDisemba 31, 2010, ingqikithi yezindawo zokugcina zikaRosneft ezifakazelwe ngokwahlukaniswa kwe-PRMS zaziyizigaxa eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-22,76 zamafutha kawoyela, kufaka nemigqomo yezigidigidi eziyi-18,1 (amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2,49) kawoyela kanye nama-791 ezigidi zamamitha, ngokusho kwesigaba se-SEC - 15, Imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili kawoyela olinganayo, kufaka phakathi imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13.75 (amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,89) kawoyela kanye nezigidi ezingama-247 zamagidi. Ngokusekelwe kule mininingwane (i-PRMS), le nkampani yahlinzekwa ngemithombo yokugcina i-hydrocarbon iminyaka engama-25, kufaka phakathi iminyaka engama-21 kawoyela neminye iminyaka engama-67 ngegesi, okukulethe esikhundleni somholi womhlaba kulesi sikhombisi phakathi kwezinkampani zikawoyela ezisohlwini.

Ekupheleni konyaka we-2018, ingqikithi yezindawo zokugcina zikaRosneft ezifakazele ukugcinwa kwama-hydrocarbon ngokuya ngezigaba ze-PRMS kwakuyizigaxa eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-47 zamafutha alingana (ngokuya ngesigaba se-US Securities and Exchange Commission 41 billion billion). Ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke kwama-hydrocarbons ngonyaka ka-2018 kwakuyizimbiza eziyizigidi eziyi-5.9, kuzo izigaxa eziyizigidi ezingama-4.67 kawoyela nophethiloli kanye nama-184.3 m³ kagesi wemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo kaphethiloli nemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical ngonyaka we-2018 kwaba ngamathani ayizigidi eziyi-115, kuwo amathani ayizigidi ezingama-95,4 eRussia, amathani ayizigidi eziyi-11.8 eJalimane namathani ayizigidi eziyi-0.13 eBelarus.

Abadayisi abaphambili bakwamanye amazwe baseRosneft yiVitol, Glencore neRoyal Dutch Shell.

ISergutneftegas ifuna kwenziwe ngokusemthethweni ukukhiqizwa kawoyela futhi esifundeni sepaki yemvelo eKhanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug

Ukuqala kweRosneft sekuvele kukhathaza izazi zemvelo, njengoba le nkampani inikezwe isihloko somunye wabaholi bezindawo ezisebenza ngophethiloli namandla eRussia ngesibalo sezingozi zobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka owedlule i-Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Nature Surveillance yashicilela umbiko ngokusho kwesibalo esikhulu sengozi esinemiphumela yezemvelo e-Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug kulandela imiphumela ka-2017 phakathi kwezinkampani zikawoyela ezibhalisiwe neRosneft.

Ngokusho kwale nhlangano, ngonyaka ka-2017 esifundeni, kwaqoshwa izingozi ezingama-3538. Kulezi, izingozi ezingama-3496 zenzekile ekwakhiweni kweRosneft. Izingozi eziningi ezirekhodiwe zenzekile endaweni yokwesekela ukukhiqizwa kwesifunda saseRosneft Nefteyugansk - 2846. Kuyilapho insimu enkulu kunazo zonke yaseRosneft eKhanty-Mansi Autonomous Area isePreobskoye, iRN-Yuganskneftegaz yona ibisungulwa iminyaka eminingi. Ezinye izingozi ezingama-483 zenzekile esifundeni saseNizhnevartovsk, lapho iRosneft iphinda yathuthukisa insimu enkulu yakudala yaseSamotlor. Izingozi ezisele zenzekile eKhanty-Mansiysk (izingozi ezingama-90), eSergut (izingozi ezingama-73), i-Oktyabrsky (izingozi ezingama-28), eSovetsky (15), eKondinsky (izingozi ezi-3).

IRosneft akuyona ukuphela kwenkampani ethi ikhiqiza uwoyela endaweni yemvelo evikelwe ngokukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, muva nje, abakwaSurgutneftegas baphinde bazama ukwenza ngokusemthethweni umsebenzi wabo wokukhiqiza uwoyela ensimini yaseVatlorskoye esifundeni esimanzi sesiqiwi semvelo saseNumto eKhanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. IGreenpeace ibike ukuthi le nkampani ibibambe izigcawu zokulalelwa komphakathi emithonjeni yokufaka uwoyela lapho, kodwa-ke, bambalwa abahlali bendawo abaziyo ngayo.

IRosneft ihola ngenombolo yezingozi, elandelwa uLukoil

IGreenpeace imemezele ngokusemthethweni ukuthi icubungula ukuhlola okungekho emthethweni kanye nokukhiqiza endaweni yepaki yemvelo. “Lapho kwakhiwa ipaki yemvelo kule ndawo, babelwa isikhundla sendawo yasendle yezilwane zasendle futhi eminye imisebenzi ekhona yayingavunyelwe. Ngo-2016, ukugawulwa kwepaki kwaguqulwa ngezinhloso zomkhakha wamafutha. Kodwa-ke, le nsimu ihlala ingenye yezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ezisengcupheni yeNumto Natural Park. Ukumba uwoyela ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi kanye nokwakhiwa okuhambisana nakho kwengqalasizinda kuzokonakalisa izindawo eziningi zezilwane nezitshalo ezingatholakali ezisengozini. Lokhu kuphambana nemithetho yenhlangano "Ekuvikelweni Kwezemvelo" ne "Emhlabeni Wezilwane". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya nge-Forest Code of the Russian Federation, amahlathi asendaweni epaki yemvelo kufanele abelwe amahlathi avikelayo alesigaba “amahlathi akhiwe ezindaweni zemvelo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile”. Emahlathini anjalo akunakwenzeka ukubeka izinto zamafutha negesi. Lokhu kufakazelwa izinqumo eziningi zezinkantolo zesifunda saseKhanty-Mansiysk kanye neNkantolo Ephakeme YaseRussia Federation. Kodwa-ke, amahlathi angaphakathi kwemingcele yepaki yemvelo asabhekwa njengasetshenziswa kakhulu, ”kuphawula izazi zemvelo.