Ukubulala amagciwane i-Aquarium yisinyathelo esidingekayo okufanele basithathe ekuvikeleni izilwane ezifuywayo nezitshalo ekufeni. Isidingo sokuhlanzela amanzi nezakhi ezise-aquarium kuphakama ngemuva kokubonakaliswa kwamagciwane atheleleke kanye namagciwane amancane echibini, kanye nangemva kokushona kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abanikazi bamachibi okufakelwa abakwaziyo ukuhlanza i-aquarium ngendlela efanele ukuze bangalimazi abakhileyo be-aquarium.
Kudingeka nini ukubulala amagciwane?
Ukuhlonza i-Aquarium kwenzeka emacaleni amabili:
- Ekuqalisweni kokuqala kwedamu elisha lokufakelwa.
- Ukubulala amagciwane i-disinfectants yethangi ekhona uma kutholakala izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ekuqaleni kokuqala kwethangi, ukubulala amagciwane kuyadingeka ukuze kuchithwe ukungcola okungenzeka kube khona, amagciwane, amagciwane kanye namanye amagciwane, okungaholela emuva emiphumeleni edabukisayo ngisho nasekufeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwelapha i-aquarium ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuthenga. I-aquarium ekhona iyabulala amagciwane uma kuhlonzwe izifo ezithathelwanayo noma ulwelwe oluyingozi, ngokwesibonelo, nge-ichthyphotirius, intshebe emnyama noma ulwelwe oluhlaza okotshani. Kulezi zimo, ukubulala amagciwane e-aquarium ngeke kungabhubhisi izinsalela zamagciwane namagciwane kuphela, kepha kuzosiza nomnikazi ukuphatha izilwane ezifuywayo.
Isifo se-aquarium esiyinhloko
Ukubulala amagciwane okuyi-aquarium kuyenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala nokubeka inhlabathi ukuvikela imifino nezinhlanzi ezifweni ezingangena ukungena ethangini lapho zithengwa. Kuyadingeka ukucubungula hhayi ithangi kuphela, kepha nomhlabathi, kanye namatshe e-aquarium. Ukubulala amagciwane izitshalo ngaphambi kokutshala kuyadingeka futhi. Inqubo eyinhloko yokubulala amagciwane yenziwa kalula ekhaya futhi izothatha amahora angama-72.
Ukhipha igciwane endaweni yokugcina amanzi nge-potanganum permanganate, kufanele wenze lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ithangi ligcwele amanzi ompompi ajwayelekile.
- Isixazululo silungiswa ngokuxuba amanzi ne-potassium permanganate kuze kube yilapho uketshezi luphenduka lube mnyama.
- Isixazululo sithululelwa ethangini, bese sishiyelwa usuku.
- Ngemuva kosuku, lonke uketshezi olusuka esitsheni luyakhishwa, ithangi liqhutshwe bese lisulwa lome ngendwangu ehlanzekile.
- Inqubo iphindwa ezinye izikhathi ezimbili.
Inhlabathi nezitshalo
Ukutshala ngempumelelo izitshalo echibini kuncike kwikhwalithi yenhlabathi, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokubeka, i-substrate kufanele idlule isikhathi sokubulala amagciwane. Ukuze kucutshungulwe, kuyadingeka ukuwususa kahle umhlabathi, ukuwuvumela ukome futhi unqande i-substrate kuhhavini imizuzu engu-15 ekushiseni kwe-100C. Inhlabathi elungiselelwe ivunyelwe ukupholisa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni bese ibekwa ethangini.
Izitshalo ezintsha zibulawa magciwane kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate, sibeka izimbali zamanzi lapho imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Into esemqoka ukungayigcwalisi ngokweqile nge-potassium permanganate, ngaphandle kwalokho kunengozi yokushiswa kwamaqabunga ethenda.
Ukuhlobisa
Ukuhlobisa okwenziwe ngokhuni, ngamatshe noma ngensimbi, nangamatshe e-aquarium kubulawa amagciwane ngokubilisa emanzini abilayo imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwengama-15 - kulokhu sekwanele ukubhubhisa amabhaktheriya namagciwane angaba yingozi angalimaza inhlanzi. Izinto zokuhlobisa ezenziwe ngeplastiki azikwazi ukubiliswa, ngakho-ke, isisombululo se-potanganum permanganate sisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-bactericidal.
Ukubulala magciwane i-aquarium ekhona
Ichibi lokufakelwa elikhona nenhlanzi liphathwa ngezinto ze-antibacterial. Ukwenza ithangi libulale, sebenzisa isisombululo nge-penicillin (10 mg / 2 L), inqubo ngokwayo ithatha amahora angama-72. Akunasizathu sokwesaba izimbali: izitshalo ze-aquarium ngeke zife.Uma inhlanzi ife ngokuzumayo ethangini, khona-ke ukwelashwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isibabule se-bactericidal, okufaka leyo nto imizuzu engu-15 izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana.
Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokubulala amagciwane
Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu nezithandwayo zokucubungula ithangi elikhona yilezi:
- Ukubulala amagciwane amanzi abilayo - usebenzisa le ndlela, wonke ama-algae ayingozi, amakoloni angamagciwane kanye nokutheleleka kuqinisekiswa ukuthi azokufa. Izinga lokushisa kufanele lenyuswe kancane kancane ukuze ingilazi yesitsha ingaphuki. Le ndlela ilungele kuphela izidumbu zamanzi ezingenamthungo noma ngeglue engamelana nayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvuza nokuwohloka kwesitsha kungenzeka.
- Ama-ejenti anamandla we-antibacterial asetshenziswa uma kwenzeka kungenwa izifo zenhlanzi ezifweni eziyingozi ezithathelwanayo - amathangi abulawa ngamagciwane nge-agent enamandla yokuhlanza noma e-chlorine. Ubumhlophe akufanele busetshenziswe! Ngemuva kokuthi ithangi selicubunguliwe, hlamba isitsha kaningi ngamanzi.
- I-hydrogen peroxide izosiza ukubulala amagciwane umzimba wamanzi njengendlela yokuvimbela. Isenzo somkhiqizo asiqinile futhi asinamandla njengendlela yangaphambilini, noma kunjalo, i-hydrogen peroxide iyona ecophelela kakhulu futhi iphephe ukuyisebenzisa. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-peroxide, isitsha kufanele sihlambe.
- Ingxube kasawoti wetafula namanzi amnyama kuzosiza nokukhipha igciwane echibini. Ngemuva kokuba usawoti oxutshwe namanzi, i-slurry ephumelelayo isetshenziswa emakhoneni naseziwombeni zethangi, bese uthelela uketshezi esitsheni bese ushiya amahora amabili. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, uketshezi luyakhishwa, bese ithangi ligezwa kahle, ngoba emhlangeni eminingi usawoti uyingozi kakhulu.
- I-Methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingenye yezidakamizwa ezidumile. Kuphephile inhlanzi, ngakho-ke lapho ucubungula i-aquarium ngezilwane ezifuywayo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, awukwazi ukuzisusa endaweni yokugcina amanzi. Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ungezwa ku-ketshezi ngokwesilinganiso se-2 mg / 10 l. Ububi bokusebenzisa le ndlela ukuthi i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ifaka amanzi ku-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Isibani se-Ultraviolet - kungenye indlela ephephile yezinhlanzi zokuhlanza ngayo ithangi. Isibani se-ultraviolet singasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuzimela, futhi sihlanganiswe nezindlela ezingenhla.
Ukubulala amagciwane i-Aquarium kuyindlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokuqinisekisa ukubhujiswa kokungcola, amabhaktheriya kanye ne-algae colonies elimaza izinhlanzi, izitshalo ne-shellfish. Lapho ukhubaza i-tank, kufanele ulandele imithetho nemiyalo ejwayelekile yokufakwa kwama-antibacterial agents ukuze ucasule ibhalansi yemvelo futhi ungalimazi izilwane ezifuywayo.
Ama-Alcohols
- C2H5OH (Ethanol).
- C3H7OH (n-Propanol).
- C3H7OH (Isopropane).
Umthamo: Kwanele ukusula izinto nge-ethanol (70%), n-Propanol (50-60%) noma isopropanol (69-70%). Ubuthi: Njengoba ama-alcohols eguquguqukayo futhi eshintsha ngokushesha, awukho ubungozi kwezinhlanzi nezitshalo. Izici: Ama-Alcohols enza ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngisho nama-microbacteria afa ngomzuzu. Ama-bacterial spores, ngokuhlukile, awathinteki.
Ama-disinfectants atholakala ngokuthengisa ngokuvamile aqukethe ingxube yama-alcohols, i-phenol, i-aldehydes kanye nama-detergents. Ngokuyisisekelo, ama-disinateant anjalo awahloselwe abasemanzini kusukela lapho izinsalela zabo zingaholela ekufiseni ubuthi. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa izibulala magciwane, i-aquarium kufanele ihlanjululwe ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile ukuze isuse ngokuphelele izinto eziyingozi eziyinsalela.
Imicimbi yokuqala
Ngakho-ke, kunezizathu ezingaphezu kwesanele sokukhipha amagciwane e-aquarium ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngaphambi kokuthi sikhulume ngokuhlanza ithangi ngenkathi izinhlanzi zihlala kulo, ake sixoxe ngesidingo sokuhlanzwa kokuqala - ukubulala amagciwane.
Lapho nje ithengwa selithengiwe, kufanele lilungiselelwe ukufakwa ngamakholoni - ukwenza ukucutshungulwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ukukhipha wonke amagciwane amancane namagciwane we-pathogenic.
Imithetho yokubulala amagciwane ayisisekelo ilula impela:
- gcwalisa ithangi ngamanzi angenalutho,
- lungiselela isixazululo se-potanganum permanganate (umbala kufanele ube mnyama, ugcwale) bese uwuthululela ethangini lamanzi,
- phakathi nosuku i-aquarium kufanele igcwaliswe ngalesi sixazululo - kulokhu sekwanele ukubulala wonke amagciwane,
- lapho-ke udinga ukuthulula uketshezi bese usula i-aquarium kahle,
- bese isitsha sigezwa kaninginingi ngaphansi kwamanzi ampompo.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-aquarium isidlulise isibulala-magciwane sokuqala, ingagcwaliswa ngamanzi ukuhambisa izakhamuzi. Kepha kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akunakwenzeka nje ukukha amanzi empompini bese uthelela ethangini - yonke i-chlorine kumele isuswe kuyo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uvikela izinsuku ezintathu, futhi kuphela ngemuva kokuba uthululwe ku-aquarium, bese ihlala ezinye izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lapho yonke imisebenzi engenhla isiphelile, ungagijimisa izinhlanzi ungene emanzini.
Isifo sokukhishwa kwegciwane ngezikhathi ezithile
Ngezikhathi ezithile, kubalulekile ukuhlanza nokukhipha amagciwane hhayi kuphela izindonga naphansi kwephayarium, kodwa futhi nakho konke okukuyo. Umgomo oyinhloko ukukhipha nokuvimbela ukubonakala kwamagciwane amancane ayingozi ebusweni bezinto zethangi.
Ngesikhathi lapho i-aquarium isivele isebenza, nezinhlanzi zibhukuda kuyo, udinga ukubhekisisa isimo samanzi, okuvela kanye nempilo yezakhamuzi zawo.
Uma kungekho zifo, kwanele ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile amanzi futhi wenze i-disinitness ekhanyayo nokuhlanza cishe kanye ngonyaka. Ukuhlanza ngokuphelele kwenziwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-4.
Yiziphi izindlela zokukhetha ama-disinfectants. Yini okufanele ibe isibulala magciwane ngokuphelele.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-aquarium yikhaya langempela lezinhlanzi. Yena, njengekhaya lomuntu, udinga ukuhlanzwa. Uma umuntu engazinikeza ekuhlanzeni kaningi, khona-ke okunethezeka okunjalo akutholakali kwezinhlanzi, ngakho-ke kungumnikazi okufanele abhekane nokubulala amagciwane e-aquarium futhi aqaphe isimo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Abantu abaningi bayazi ngalokhu, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi ungakhipha kanjani amagciwane e-aquarium kahle.
Imicimbi eyinhloko
Ukubulala amagciwane kokuqala kwe-aquarium kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba uthenge ithangi. Indlu yesikhathi esizayo yezinhlanzi kufanele iphathwe kahle ngaphambi kokuba abahlali bokuqala bezimbali nezilwane bavele lapho.
Ungakwenza kanjani ukubulala amagciwane okuqala:
Uyazi, bengilokhu ngilwa nokungcoliswa isikhathi eside. Kungenzeka nje ukuthi ngithenga amalahle ohlobo lweBiocoryn. Ngihlanza phansi ngamaphampu, ngishintshe namanzi. Ngendlela, nginezinhlanzi eziningi ezelwe. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye njalo yonke into iqala futhi ukubuthana odongeni nasezitshalweni. Ubusuku obumnyama! Okufanele ngikwenze
I-Inline disinitness izinyathelo
Esimweni lapho i-aquarium isivele isebenza, kodwa kwaba khona inkathazo futhi amagciwane ahlukahlukene kanye ne-algae aqala ukuvela kuyo, khona-ke ukubulala amagciwane akunakugwenywa. Kuyaphuthuma ukonga izitshalo nezinhlanzi lapho.
Zonke izilwane ezaziku-aquarium ethelelekile kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-antibacterial. Okuthandwa kakhulu ingxube ka-10 mg we-penacillin kumalitha ama-2 amanzi. Faka izitshalo kuwo cishe izinsuku ezintathu. Ungesabi, akukho lutho olubi oluzokwenzeka ezitshalweni ngalesi sikhathi. I-aquarium ngokwayo ingasakazwa ngesibani esikhethekile nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-20. Ukubulala amagciwane i-aquarium kuyadingeka noma ngabe azikho izinkinga ezibonakalayo. Izindlela zokuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina impilo yezinhlanzi kanye nezinye izakhamizi. Okunye ukubulala amagciwane kuqala ngokwelashwa kwegciwane kuwo wonke amabala. Amathuluzi alula kakhulu aseduze yi-potassium permanganate ne-peroxide. Susa zonke izinhlanzi nokuhlobisa lapho, bese ugcwalisa onqenqemeni nge-3% peroxide noma isixazululo esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate. Yiyeke amahora angama-5-6. Ngemuva kwalokho, hlambulula kahle yonke indawo namagumbi.
Uma kungekho isikhathi noma isifiso sokulinda isikhathi esiningi, khona-ke ungasebenzisa inqubo ebonakalayo. Thenga isisombululo esikhethekile esitolo sezilwane esenzelwe ukukhipha igciwane kuwo wonke amabala. Khumbula ukugqoka amagilavu ngaphambi komsebenzi.Uma unethuba lokwelapha konke nge-formalin, chloramine, hydrochloric acid - bese usebenzisa le nketho.
Ukonakalisa izitshalo, kubalulekile ukulungisa isixazululo se-penicillin esikalini esingu-10: 2. Shiya zonke izitshalo lapho cishe izinsuku ezintathu.
Izindlela ezivame kakhulu:
Ngalezi zindlela ungasula izitshalo kanye nje, lokhu kuzokwanela ukubulala i-pathogenic sphere. Thengisa lezi zimali emakhemisi e-zoo. Okunye okusalayo kufanele kubiliswe. Ngokunemba, zigcine emanzini abilayo okungenani imizuzu engama-20. Isikhathi esiningi lapho behlala emanzini abilayo, ama-bacterium mancane kakhulu okuthi baphile. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi irabha, ipulasitiki kanye nama-thermometers akufanele abiliswe kunoma yikuphi.
Khetha indlela ekufanele kakhulu futhi ujabulele ukubukwa kwe-aquarium enhle, enempilo enezinhlanzi ezijabule.
I-Aquarium yikhaya lezinhlanzi. Udinga ukuhlanzwa, okuphathelene nezilwane ezifuywayo zamanzi ngaso sonke isikhathi okufanele zihambisane nokungasasebenzi kwegciwane. Ake sibheke ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu ngaphambi kokuba izinhlanzi zingene lapho nasenqubekweni yokuhlala lapho.
Sakaza ukuthambekela kwe-aquarium
Uma amagciwane avele e-aquarium yakho futhi abangela izifo zezitshalo, kuzodingeka uwasindise ngokuphuthumayo. Izitshalo ezinjalo kufanele zibekwe kwikhambi le-antibacterial, elilungiselelwe kusuka ku-5 mg we-penicillin ilitha lamanzi ngalinye. Igcina algae izinsuku ezintathu. Futhi i-aquarium uqobo ingakhishwa isibulala-magciwane ngesibani se-bactericidal, ukwenza lokhu imizuzu engama-20.
Noma konke kuhleliwe ku-aquarium yakho, kusadinga ukubulala amagciwane njalo njengesinyathelo sokuvimbela ukusekela impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo ezifuywayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ayikho enye indlela yokuqeda ama-microorganisms.
Ngokutholakala kwegciwane lendlu elandelayo yezinhlanzi, udinga ukukhetha isixazululo sokucubungula yonke indawo. Elula kakhulu nelingabizi kakhulu yi-potassium permanganate eyodwa noma i-hydrogen peroxide. I-aquarium kufanele ikhululwe ezifuyweni zayo nasekuhlobiseni kwayo, igcwaliswe ngesiphunga ngesixazululo se-3% se-hydrogen peroxide noma isixazululo esigcwalisiwe se-potassium permanganate. Mayime amahora angama-4-5.
Enye indlela yokubulala amagciwane, ngokushesha, ukugeza nge-disinfectant ekhethekile yokuhlushwa okukhulu. Ungahlanza i-aquarium ngesisombululo se-formalin ne-chloramine, i-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-bleach.
Ukuze ukhipha isibulala-magciwane kuzo zonke izitshalo, kudingeka ulungiselele isixazululo se-penicillin: 5 mg ilitha elilodwa lamanzi. Kungcono ukuthi ubashiye kuleso sixazululo izinsuku ezintathu. I-Sidex ne-isopropane, n-propanol ne-ethanol zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane i-aquarium nemishini. Zonke izinto zidinga nje ukusulwa nge-70% isopropanol, 60% n-propanol noma 70% ethanol. Ukusula okukodwa kwanele. Le ndlela ayinabungozi ezinhlanzini, ngoba ama-alcohols ayizinto eziguqukayo ngokushesha. Ziyakwazi ukukhipha ama-bacteria kanye ne-microbacteria. Lezi zokugcina zinzima kakhulu ukulwa.
Ungathenga ama-disinateant angenhla eminyangweni ekhethekile noma ezitolo.
Ngokuqondene nokusungula okubilayo nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa, khona-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kufanele kuhlale okungenani imizuzu eyi-15. Musa ukubilisa izinto ezenziwe ngerabha nopulasitiki, i-hersers kanye nama-thermometers.
Umuntu ngamunye osebenza emanzini uzikhethela indlela elula yokuhlanzela i-aquarium. Kuyadingeka kuphela emva kwalokho ukuhlanza zonke izinto ngamanzi abilisiwe bese wenza amagciwane njalo.
Qalisa i-aquarium
Ukuqina kohlelo lwe-ecosystem ku-aquarium kuncike ekuphunyezweni okufanelekile kokwethulwa kwayo. I-liquid pre-ehlanzwa kusuka ku-chlorine ithululelwa esitsheni. Ukwenza lokhu, kuthululelwa esitsheni esihlukile futhi kuvikelwe amahora angama-72 ukuya kwangama-96. Amanzi axazululiwe athululelwa ku-aquarium. Ngaphambi kokuqala, linda ezinye izinsuku eziyi-1 - 2.
Lapho ulungiselela amanzi, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngezinto zokuhlobisa nemihlangano emikhulu.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Khubaza i-substrate. Uma amatshe amatshe, isihlabathi solwandle, abaqoqi bemanzini abaziqoqele ngokwawo, asetshenziselwa lezi zinhloso, khona-ke isidingo sokukhuphuka kwamagciwane siyanda.Ngemuva kwakho konke, inani lamagciwane asemgodini omncane, eliqoqwa ku-vivo, likhulu.
Ukubulala amagciwane inhlabathi kulula. I-oven ilungele lezi zinhloso. Isikhathi sokubulala amagciwane sithatha imizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-20. Kuyenqatshelwa ukuthulula i-substrate evuthayo ethangini, ngoba ubuqotho besitsha sengilazi bungaphazamiseka.
Ukuhlobisa
Izinto zokuhlobisa kanye namatshe e-aquarium ziphathwa ngama-disinfectants nezinto. Lezo zingxenye zokulungiselela ukuthi kusetshenziswe itshe, insimbi, izinkuni. Izenzo ezinjalo azenziwanga uma kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki ukulungisa umhlobiso. Ngempela, ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa eliphakeme, kancane kancane bayancibilika. Ukuyicubungula, kusetshenziswa i-potassium permanganate. Ukuhlobisa okungu-Disinable kweziqukathi.
Ukubulala magciwane i-aquarium ekhona
Ukwelashwa kwezimila, i-algae kanye nabanye abamele i-fauna, kusetshenziswa izinto ze-antibacterial. Phakathi kwezixazululo ezisebenzayo, eyodwa ihlukaniswa, okubandakanya i-penicillin (amalitha ama-2 - ama-10 mg ento). Ukubulala amagciwane kwesitshalo kuthatha amahora angama-72. Izitshalo ze-Aquarium ngeke zife ngalesi sikhathi.
I-reservoir, lapho kwatholakala khona izidumbu ezifile, ibulala amagciwane ngesibani se-bactericidal. Le nqubo yenziwa imizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-20 izinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3. Ukuphatha isitsha kufanele futhi kube khona uma kungekho zifo ezithathelanayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-bactericidal yesikhashana kwenza sikwazi ukusindisa izinhlanzi ze-aquarium kusuka ku-subcutaneous, ulcerative kanye nezinye izifo.
Izindlela ezidumile ze-aquarium disinfection
Ukucutshungulwa kwamathangi amasha nokusebenza kwenziwa ngaphandle kokwehluleka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvimbela ukufa kwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium, ithangi elisha ekhaya liphathwa ngamanzi abilayo. Ukuze uvikele ukubhujiswa kwethangi, izinga lokushisa landa kancane kancane.
- Amathangi enenhlanzi aphathwa ngama-disinfectants aqinile e-ichthyophthirius nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngemuva kokuthi abamele izimbali nezilwane zidluliselwe ethangini elihlukanisiwe, i-aquarium iyahlanzwa. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izinto ezibandakanya chlorine nezinye izakhi. Ngaphambi kokutshala uhlaza bese wethula gazinga, isitsha siyagezwa. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa okumhlophe kulokhu.
- Icubungula umthamo we-peroxide. Izakhi ezinjalo zithathwa njengezingenabungozi kangako, ngakho-ke ama-aquarists okuqala nezingcweti azisebenzisa.
- Ukusetshenziswa kasawoti. Ngaphambi kokutshala i-algae, amalunga, izindonga nezinye izinto zetangi kufanele kuphathwe ngesisombululo esifaka nosawoti. Thela ikhambi amahora amabili kuya kwayi-4.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-potanganum permanganate. Ukusetshenziswa kwento enjalo kuvunyelwe inqobo nje uma kukhule izitshalo ezinomthunzi nama-algae. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izingxenye ezinjalo azilimazi uhlaza.
- Isibani se-UV. Kwezinye izimo, imishini yokukhanyisa ye-ultraviolet isetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane. Imishini enjalo ayiholeli ekufeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukwelapha inhlanzi egula ngemisebe ye-ultraviolet kunenzuzo ngoba akudingi ukutshalwa kwemali okubalulekile.
Ukuze kwelashwe izifo ezithathelwanayo, ukufeza i-prophylaxis, akwanele ukucubungula umthamo wabamele izitshalo nezilwane. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho ancoma ukukhipha amagciwane nezinto ezinjalo:
- Inetha elisetshenziselwa ukubamba inhlanzi.
- Ukuhlunga okwenziwa ngemishini nangemvelo.
- Yondla imikhombe.
- Imishini yokukhanyisa.
- Amabhulashi enziwe enjoloba.
- Izindatshana
Ngokuthola igciwane, kusetshenziswa izixazululo ezinezinto ezilwa namagciwane. Ukubilisa kwezinto nezinto ezivumelekile kuvunyelwe. Isikhathi sokubilisa yimizuzu eyi-10 kuye kweli-15.
Inqubo yokuhlonza amagciwane kanye nokuthazwa kwegciwane ethangini, izinto zokuhlobisa nezinto zokuhlobisa, amathuluzi - yilokhu okufanele kwenziwe, bobabili abaqali kanye nomgcini wasemanzini onolwazi. Isimo sezimila nezinhlanzi kuncike ekutheni izinqubo zenziwa kahle kanjani. Ukukhethwa kwama-disinfectants nezinto kufanele kuphathwe ngokunenhlonipho.
Ukunakekelwa Okufanele kwe-Aquarium - Ukubulala amagciwane
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-aquarium yikhaya langempela lezinhlanzi. Yena, njengekhaya lomuntu, udinga ukuhlanzwa. Uma umuntu engazinikeza ekuhlanzeni kaningi, khona-ke okunethezeka okunjalo akutholakali kwezinhlanzi, ngakho-ke kungumnikazi okufanele abhekane nokubulala amagciwane e-aquarium futhi aqaphe isimo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Abantu abaningi bayazi ngalokhu, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi ungakhipha kanjani amagciwane e-aquarium kahle.
Ibhuku lokufundisa
1. Indlela elula kunazo zonke ukuphatha i-aquarium ngamanzi ashisayo, abilayo amanzi abilayo. Kulokhu, wonke amagciwane namagciwane azofa. Qaphela: izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele likhuliswe kahle ukuze ingilazi lingaqhekeki. Kodwa le ndlela ilungele kuphela ama-aquarium angenamthungo nokwakhiwa nge-glue kanzima - kubukeka njenge-ceramics. Uma ingilazi ihleli kushibilikidi elithambile le-silicone, izothamba kusuka emanzini ashisayo futhi i-aquarium ingahle iqale ukuvuza, futhi isitsha esiyi-glued singase siwe ngaphandle.
Enye indlela ephumelelayo yisibulala magciwane esinamandla. Ungaphatha i-aquarium ngesihluzi esinamandla sokuhlanza ugesi noma isixazululo se-chlorine. Kodwa ngemuva kokucubungula, i-aquarium kumele igezwe ngokuphelele, njengoba nezinsalela ezincane zomenzeli wokuhlanza zingabhubhisa inhlanzi. Ngokufanelekile, i-aquarium kufanele igezwe kaninginingi, bese igcwaliswa ngamanzi, ivunyelwe ukuba ime usuku futhi ihlanze futhi.
3. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-hydrogen peroxide ukukhipha amagciwane e-aquarium. Isebenza buthakathaka kunezinketho ezedlule, kepha iphephe. Vele, i-aquarium kuzofanela igezwe ngamanzi, kepha hhayi kangako.
4. Ukulungiselela i-aquarium, ungasebenzisa usawoti wethebula elijwayelekile. Okokuqala, yenza ukuthulula usawoti namanzi kanye nesiponji esithambile, ukucubungula ingilazi kanye nomthungo. Bese ugcwalisa i-aquarium ngamanzi, engeza usawoti ngesilinganiso sezipuni 1 ilitha lamanzi bese ushiya amahora ambalwa. Bese ukhipha amanzi bese uhlanza i-aquarium ngokuphelele - usawoti uyingozi ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinhlanzi, kanti kwezinye uyazibulala.
5. Enye indlela yokubulala magciwane engasetshenziswa ngisho nasezitshalweni zasemanzini ngaphandle kwengozi yokuzibulala yi-potanganum permanganate. Yenza isixazululo esiphakathi esiphakathi bese uhlanza i-aquarium, usula ngesiponji esithambile kusuka ngaphakathi. Bese ugeza i-aquarium ngamanzi. Izitshalo zokususa igciwane kufanele zibekwe imizuzu eyi-10-15 kusisombululo se-potanganum permanganate. Ungayidli ngokweqile - kunobungozi bezitshalo ezivuthayo nokugcina ingilazi ngentambo emnyama.
6. Kukhona umuthi ongasetshenziswa ukubulala amagciwane e-aquarium ngisho nangezinhlanzi - i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inezakhiwo ze-bactericidal kanye ne-fungicidal, kepha ayinangozi ezintweni eziphilayo. Umuthi uyatholakala ngesimo samaconsi, uma ufuna ukubulala amagciwane udinga ukuwususa kwisilinganiso 2 ml ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Okuwukuphela kwento edonsa amehlo ukuthi ibala yonke into eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
7. Kukhona enye indlela emnene yokusebenzisa igciwane engalimazi izitshalo nezinhlanzi - isibani se-ultraviolet. Lolu khetho lungasetshenziswa bobabili ngokuzimela nangokubambisana nalokhu okungenhla. Kusetshenziswa isibani silula: sisebenzise izinsuku ezimbalwa esikhundleni sesibane esivamile.
8. Lapho kuba nesidingo sokukhipha amagciwane e-aquarium, kuphakama umbuzo: kufanele wenzeni ngomhlabathi. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke ukubilisa. Kulokhu, wonke amagciwane afa ngokunokwenzeka ngokuphelele.
Izindlela Zokuhlanza
Uma kwenzeka kuvela inkathazo futhi uqaphela ukuthi kwavela amabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene kanye ne-algae ethangini, ukubulala amagciwane ngeke kugwenywe. Isinyathelo sokuqala “ukuphuma” kwabahlali futhi ususe konke okuqukethwe kukho ku-aquarium. Esikhathini senhlanzi, kuyadingeka ukunquma kwesinye isitsha, bese kukhipha amanzi.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza i-aquarium ihlanzeke. Ngezansi kukhona okuthandwa kakhulu futhi okusebenzayo okungenziwa ekhaya.
- Ukubulala amagciwane ngamanzi abilayo. Kuyadingeka ukubilisa amanzi bese uwagcwalisa ngethangi. Thela kancane kancane ukuze ingilazi ingaqhume ekuvezweni okuphezulu.Ochwepheshe bathi wonke amagciwane afa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa kangako.
- Izinto ezikhethekile. Imithi yokubulala amagciwane ekhethekile ethengiwe esitolo nayo ingasetshenziswa ukucubungula ithangi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izixazululo ezisuselwa ku-chlorine. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwabo, i-aquarium kumele igezwe ngokucophelela.
- I-hydrogen peroxide. Ugeza yonke i-aquarium nokuqukethwe kuyo. I-hydrogen peroxide ithathwa njengephephile, kepha ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa, i-aquarium nayo ingcono ukuyipaka.
- Usawoti. Njengoba ikuyo yonke ikhishi, ukusebenzisa le ndlela akunzima neze. Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ukufiphala kusuka usawoti namanzi, kuhle ukugcoba yonke imifula nengilazi ngayo. Ngemuva kokuthi isitsha sigcwaliswe ngamanzi bese ufaka usawoti - ithisipuni likasawoti liyadingeka ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi. Emahoreni amathathu, i-aquarium kufanele ime igcwele usawoti. Lapho-ke amanzi ayakhishwa, ithangi ligezwe.
- I-potassium permanganate. Kaningi, i-aquarium ibulala amagciwane nge-potassium permanganate. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela isixazululo esiphakathi esiphinki bese ugeza ngokuphelele ithangi ngalo. Ngalesi sixazululo, awukwazi ukucubungula hhayi kuphela i-aquarium, kodwa nezitshalo nezinto zokuhlobisa.
- Isibani se-UV. Le ndlela ibhekwa njenge-disinitness emnene. Ukuze wenze ukwelashwa ngesibani se-ultraviolet, kufanele ubekwe ngaphezulu kwe-aquarium izinsuku eziningana. Ukuze isebenze kahle, le ndlela ingahlanganiswa nenye engenhla.
Eziphuthumayo
Ngasekuqaleni kwendatshana, sikhulume ngesidingo sokwenza ukubulawa kwe-aquarium okuhleliwe kanye nokuphoqelelwa uma kutholwa amagciwane ayingozi. Kepha kunezimo eziphuthumayo ezihambisana nalesi sifo kanye nokufa kwezinhlanzi. Ngemuva kwale micimbi edabukisayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucubungula kahle. Ukugwema ukuthi kuguleke ukugula kwabantu abanempilo enempilo, kudingeka ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele:
- okokuqala, udinga ukugcwalisa ithangi ngesibulala magciwane okungenani amahora angama-24 - i-bleach noma imhlophe izokwenza,
- konke okusungwayo, umhlobiso obukade uthini kufanele ubiliswe ngokucophelela,
- khona-ke i-aquarium igezwa kahle, yomile - ngalokhu ungasebenzisa isibani se-ultraviolet.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngemuva kwezinhlanzi ezigulayo nezifile, ukubulala amagciwane kumele kube sezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Futhi uma ungabaza ukuqaliswa kwayo ekhaya, kungcono ukuxhumana nenkampani enikezela ngezinsizakalo zokuhlanza amathangi.
Ungawusabalalisa kanjani umuthi inhlabathi
Ngaphezu kokuphatha ithangi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusabalalisa umhlabathi we-aquarium kahle. Kuyo izidalwa ezinhlobonhlobo namagciwane angaqalwa kahle futhi asebenze, ukuba khona kwawo kulimaza izinhlanzi. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokubulala amagciwane:
- ukubila,
- ukwelashwa okukhethekile
- Ukubalwa.
Indlela yokuqala ifaka ukubilisa inhlabathi imizuzu engu-15. Amalungiselelo akhethekile wokuhlanzela inhlabathi nezitshalo ze-aquarium angathengwa ezitolo zezilwane. Kepha ukubala kwenzeka ehovini - inhlabathi kumele ibekwe ephepheni lokubhaka, futhi imizuzu eyi-15 ekushiseni kwama-degrees angama-180 kufanele kube kuhhavini.
Uzofunda ngokubulala amagciwane i-aquarium kuvidiyo engezansi.
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Inqubo yokubulala amagciwane yenziwa uma kutholakala noma yisiphi isifo esithathelwanayo ku-biotope. Ikuvumela ukuthi usithole isifo lesi sifo futhi uvimbele ukusabalala kwaso. Izimbangela ze-trichodinia, ichthyophthyroidism, oodiniosis, chylodonellosis, cryptobiosis, hexamitosis, boneosis, gyrodactyliosis kanye ne-dactylogyrosis ngama-flagellates, ciliates kanye ne-flukes. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sabo sokuphila ku-biotope ngaphandle komsingathi imfushane kakhulu.
Inqubo yokuhlanza yenziwa ukuze kubhujiswe ama-microorganisms kusuka ebusweni bezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuklama i-aquarium. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indlela efaneleke kakhulu ukucutshungulwa okunjalo.Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma amatshe, njengomthetho, angawa ngaphansi kwethonya lamanye amakhemikhali, khona-ke izinto zepulasitiki zisengozini enkulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele lapho ukhetha indlela yokuthola isifo ukungasebenzi kwegciwane.
Amanye amagciwane azizwa emkhulu ngemvelo yasemanzini isikhathi eside, ethola indawo yokukhosela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zokusungulwa ngendlela yamaqanda, ama-cysts, njll ezimweni ezinjalo, kwenziwa i-disinitness.
Izindlela zokwenza inqubo
Iningi labathandi bezinhlanzi alazi ukuthi lingasabalalisa kanjani i-aquarium kahle futhi yiziphi izindlela ezikhona zalokhu. Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
Lapho ukhipha amagciwane e-aquarium, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emhlabathini. Ukubilisa kubhekwa njengendlela elula futhi ephumelelayo yokuyiqeda amagciwane - kuyingozi kuwo wonke amagciwane aqukethe inhlabathi.
Ukutholakala Kwezitshalo Zomdabu we-Aquarium: Ividiyo
- I-0,0% isixazululo se-potanganum permanganate (1 gKMp04 nge-litre eyodwa yamanzi),
- 5% isixazululo se-hydrochloric noma i-sulfuric acid,
- 3% isixazululo se-chloramine
- Isixazululo se-bleach esicacisiwe, esiqukethe okungenani i-5% chlorine esebenzayo,
- I-2-4% formaldehyde solution.
I-alkalosis noma isifo se-alkaline
Izizathu: Amanzi athambile kakhulu, ane-acidified e-aquarium, eba ukukhanya ngokukhanya ngokweqile, inani elikhulu lezitshalo.
Izimpawu: umbala kanye nokufiphala kwenhlaka yezinhlanzi kuyaphela, umiyane uyakhululwa eziphelweni zawo, ukunyakaza kube ngukucasulwa, amachaphaza asakazeka kabanzi. Izinhlanzi zizama ukugxuma emanzini. Uma uqala lesi sifo, i-cornea iqala ukugcwala, bese ilandelwa ubumpumputhe, ukufa kwabantu abaningi abahlala e-aquarium kungenzeka, okwenzeka, njengomthetho, ebusuku.
Ukwelashwa: ukudluliswa kwenhlanzi uye ethangini, amanzi anayo i-pH ka-7-8.5, kuzosiza. E-aquarium ejwayelekile, kancane kancane ulethe i-acidity emingceleni oyifunayo. Ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlanzi kuzohamba kancane.
Ungasilungiselela kanjani isixazululo esisemthethweni
Imboni ikhiqiza noma isisombululo sama-40% samanzi formaldehyde (i-formalin) noma i-formin enimpuphu equkethe ama-95% formaldehyde.
Ukuze ulungiselele isisombululo esingu-4%, thatha izingxenye eziyi-10 zesisombululo samanzi futhi ugcobe ezingxenyeni ezingama-90 zamanzi.
Ukusuka ku-powderin oluyimpuphu, izingxenye ezi-4 zikafulawa ziyahlanjululwa ezingxenyeni ezingama-96 zamanzi (kulokhu, amanzi kufanele afudunyezwe ku-60-70 ° C).
Ukuze ugweme ukuvela kwezulu, i-formalin igcinwa ezitsheni ezivalwe kahle endaweni emnyama, emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-9 ° С. Uma i-sediment noma i-flakes isatholakala ku-formalin, kufanele ifudunyezwe ku-80-90 ° C ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-aquarium
- I-aquarium, egcwaliswa emaphethelweni ngesinye sezixazululo zokubulala amagciwane, ishiyelwa amahora ayi-12, emva kwalokho igezwe kaningana. Ngezinhlanzi i-mycobacteriosis, izixazululo ze-acid azilungele ukubulawa kwe-aquariums kanye nenhlanzi yezinhlanzi, ngoba i-ejenti yokubangela lesi sifo iyamelana nabo. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa i-detergents, ngokwesibonelo, ukugeza izimpuphu - "Lotus", "Crystal", njll. Ukuqoqwa kwesisombululo kufanele kube phezulu kakhulu - iphakethe elilodwa le-powder ngamalitha angama-30-50 amanzi. I-aquarium enesixazululo esinjalo ingamelana nosuku. Ekupheleni kwe-disinitness, ihlanza njalo ngamanzi afudumele.
- Amanetha we-Kapron, ama-thermometers, ama-hedlela aqhuma ebilayo, abekwa e-aquarium enesixazululo segciwane, ukuze acwiliswe ngokuphelele kuwo.
- Indlela elukhuni yokuhlanza, yokuhlanza ingabizwa ngokuthi ugeza i-aquarium ngalolo olubizwa nge-brine - isixazululo esigcwalisiwe soshokholethi we-sodium ngokufakwa kwenani elincane le-baking soda. I-aquarium engenalutho igcotshwa ngaphakathi nangasemaphethelweni ngalesi sixazululo kusetshenziswa indwangu ye-nylon (ngokwesibonelo, isitokhwe) futhi ishiywe amahora ayi-6 kuya kwayi-12. Lapho-ke usawoti omisiwe uyahlanzwa ngamanzi lapho kufudumele egumbini. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi abandayo noma ashisayo (angaphezu kwama-50 ° C) akunconywa.
Ukulimala kwemishini
Izizathu: ukulwa, ulaka lwezinhlanzi ezithile ngokuqondene nezinye, ukulimala kwezinto ezibukhali (isibonelo, izitshalo zepulasitiki, amatshe abukhali).Kakhulu ukulimala njalo emihlanjini.
Ukwelashwa: ukulimala okuncane kuyaziphilisa, kukhulu okufanele kubulawe amagciwane nge-lotion ye-potanganum permanganate, okugeza nge-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Zama ukususa isici esidala ukulimala e-aquarium.
I-Saprolegnia yezinhlanzi zasemanzini
Ukunakekelwa Okufanele kwe-Aquarium - Ukubulala amagciwane
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-aquarium yikhaya langempela lezinhlanzi. Yena, njengekhaya lomuntu, udinga ukuhlanzwa. Uma umuntu engazinikeza ekuhlanzeni kaningi, khona-ke okunethezeka okunjalo akutholakali kwezinhlanzi, ngakho-ke kungumnikazi okufanele abhekane nokubulala amagciwane e-aquarium futhi aqaphe isimo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Abantu abaningi bayazi ngalokhu, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi ungakhipha kanjani amagciwane e-aquarium kahle.
Ama-disinfectants we -organic
Ukuze wenze ukubulala amagciwane okuphelele kwe-aquarium nemishini, okokuqala udinga ukuthola isisombululo esizolashwa ngazo zonke izindawo. Elula kakhulu nelitholakala kalula - isisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide noma i-potanganum permanganate. I-aquarium ithululelwa emaphethelweni ngesisombululo esingu-3% futhi ishiywe amahora ama-4-5 noma igezwe nge-ejenti ephezulu yokuhlushwa. I-hydrogen peroxide yisibulala-magciwane esimangazayo, ngoba inamandla okubola ngokuphelele, kanti imikhiqizo ebolayo ayinangozi inhlanzi. Kepha khumbula ukuthi kungalimaza isikhumba somuntu, ngakho-ke ukubulala magciwane kwe-aquarium kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngamagilavu nezibuko. Isixazululo esikhanyayo se-chloramine, i-formalin, i-bleach ne-hydrochloric acid sizobuye sihlanze i-aquarium ngokuphelele.
Ukuqala kabusha kwe-Aquarium, ukubulala amagciwane
Le nqubo ichitha isikhathi esiningi. Kufanele kukhiqizwe uma ama-ejenti e-causative kwezifo ezithathelwanayo eyingozi enhlanzini nasezitshalweni ezizinze enhlabathini, ezitshalweni nasemininingwane yokuhlobisa okungaphakathi.
Njengakwezinye izimo, izinhlanzi zihanjiswa emkhunjini ongelutho, lapho ziphathwa khona. Zonke ezinye izingxenye zohlelo lwamanzi zasemanzini zingaphansi kwe-disinfection eyanele (ithangi uqobo, yokusungula, izitshalo, inhlabathi, isihlungi, i-thermometer, i-aerator, izinto zokwakha).
Embizeni, ungathela amanzi nge-wash yokuwasha engxenyeni ka-400 g wefulawa ngamalitha ayi-30 amanzi. Zonke izindawo ezigezwa kahle zihlanzwa, bese i-aquarium ihlanjulwa kaninginingi ngamanzi afudumele. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuthululelwa amanzi amasha ahlanzekile, abiza usuku, bese akhanywa.
Ukuhlanza okuhleliwe nokuhlanzwa kwe-aquarium
Ukuhlanza okuhleliwe kwe-aquarium kwenziwa ngokucophelela kakhudlwana kunokugeza i-aquarium entsha. I-aquarium enjalo igezwa ngamakhemikhali kaningana, ukukhula kususwe ngomshini futhi kuhlanganiswe, i-aquarium ibhekene nokwelashwa okushisa. Ngemuva kokugeza, kungakuhle ukubeka i-aquarium enjalo okungenani ngosuku ukuze ome.
Isifo se-Aquarium
Ngeshwa, kwenzeka ukuthi ukutheleleka kungena ku-aquarium. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlanzi iyagula futhi idinga ukwelashwa, kanti i-aquarium idinga ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukugeza okulula akwanele. Ama-aquarium athelelekile athululelwa usuku ngama-disinfectants aya esibungeni. Indlela elula yokugcwalisa i-aquarium nge-bleach noma enye i-disinfectants yasendlini. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele - AMA-DINTSHA. Akuwona wonke amakhemikhali asendlini anazo izinto zokuhlakaza amagciwane, funda imiyalo yethuluzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke imishini ye-aquarium ibhekene nokwelashwa okushisa - okubilayo.
Njengoba abanye abantu ku "Aquarium Wash" bebeka umqondo wokuhlanza masonto onke ama-aquarium, sizogqamisa lolu daba.
Geza futhi uhlanze i-aquarium yakho masonto onke
Lapho uhlanza i-aquarium masonto onke, inqubo elandelayo kufanele ilandelwe ngokuqinile:
1. Thola imishini: isihlungi, i-aeration, isilawuli sokushisa. Konke kugezwa, kubekwe eceleni.
2. Uma kunesidingo, ukunakekelwa nokusikwa kwezitshalo kuyenziwa.
3. Hlanza izindonga ze-aquarium. Isiponji noma ama-wiper blade akhethekile.
4. Uma kunesidingo, inhlabathi ye-siphon. Awudingi ukuhlanza inhlabathi masonto onke, ikakhulukazi uma kunezitshalo bukhoma ku-aquarium.
5.Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho amanzi esebuyiselwa khona: amanzi amadala ayakhishwa bese kuvikelwe okusha.
6. Imishini ehlanziwe ifakwa emuva.
Khumbula ukusula ikhava le-aquarium nezibani ezivela ngaphakathi okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Ngemuva kwakho konke ukukhohlisa, i-aquarium isulwe ngendwangu eyomile, amabala angasuswa nge-windows cleaner.
Ukulandela le mithetho elula engenhla, inqubo yokugeza i-aquarium ngeke ibe nzima futhi ibe yisicefe, futhi umphumela uzosebenza ngokunokwenzeka.
Ividiyo elusizo yokuthi ungahlanza futhi ugeze kanjani i-aquarium
I-Hydrogen Peroxide: Ukutholakala kwe-Aquarium
Ekugxilweni okuphezulu, i-H 2 O 2 yisibulala magciwane esihle. Ibulala yonke i-microflora, futhi ngemuva kokwelashwa, ukugeza kahle akudingekile (ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-chlorine), ngoba ivele ibe oksijini ephephile ne-hydrogen.
Isifo se-hydrogen peroxide disinfection singasetshenziswa ngemuva kokuqubuka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, nokuthi ngabe i-aquarium ihlaselwe yi-hydra, ama-planarian, noma uma imigodi emincane yagqekeza kuyo.
Ngokuthola amagciwane, zonke izinto eziphilayo (lokho esifuna ukukugcina) - inhlanzi, ama-invertebrates, izitshalo, zisuswa e-aquarium. Inhlabathi nemishini kungashiywa ngaphakathi, lapho kuyophinde kubulawe negciwane.
I-30-40% i-perhydrol ithululelwa ku-aquarium (hhayi ekhemisi 3%, kepha isisombululo sezimboni esihlangene kakhulu se-hydrogen peroxide), esivele sihlanjululwe ngamanzi ukuze okuhlushwa kube ngu-4-6%.
Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, uketshezi luyakhanywa, i-aquarium igcotshwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile, uma bekukhona inhlabathi, ithambisa ngokuphelele kusuka ezinsalela zezinto ezifile, emva kwalokho imbiza isilungele ukusetshenziswa. Akukho lutho oluphilayo kuye.
Uma udinga ukuhoxisa i-planarium ne-hydra ngaphandle kokuqalisa kabusha i-aquarium, lokhu kungenziwa ethangini lamanje ngokungeza isixazululo sokhemisi ekuqoqweni okungama-4 ml ngama-10 l wamanzi.
Ukuqala kabusha i-aquarium egulayo futhi eluhlaza
Kwatholakala: 250 ml I-Tetra AquaSafe, 100ml. I-Tetra Vital, iTeta NitratMinus Perls (amagala), iTetra NitatMinus (uketshezi), iBactozym. Endleleni, i-hydrogen peroxide ithengwe ekhemisi, futhi ukufakwa kwesoda yokubhaka kwakusemakethe.
Lapho sifika ekhaya, ukuhlanza ngokuphelele nokubulala amagciwane e-aquarium kwaqala. Njengoba i-aquarium ingangeni egunjini lokugezela, kwadingeka ngiyigeze epasejini, ngoba ngangihamba nayo i-hose e-yacht ekhaya.
I-aquarium yayihlikihlwa kabili ngosawoti bese ihlanjwa icishiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho ugeze kabili nge-hydrogen peroxide. Umiswe ngesomisi sezinwele, ushukela ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka yi-silicone.
Okwamanje, inhlanzi yagula ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi amaflakisi, ayephephezelwa ngokuphelele, futhi umzimba waqala ukumbozwa ngumbala noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
Isinqumo senziwa ngokuphelele emabhakethini. Ngenhlanhla, ama-werewolves agulayo atshalwe ngokwehlukile kuma-cichlid futhi kamuva wazizwa engcono. Noma kunjalo, umthamo omuhle wathululelwa kubo bobabili. I-Methylene, eyenkontileka kanye nesixazululo se-ciprolet (elwa namagciwane).
Endaweni ethile ngemuva kwesidlo sasemini, izandla zami zifinyelela ukufakwa kwesitezi ne-aquarium. Konke kukalwa ngezinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udoti wawunqunywa ezingxenyeni ze-laminate substrate.
Ngemuva, ngokuphuthumayo waqala ukugeza inhlabathi eluhlaza kakhulu. Ngomkhonto, ushunqe amahlandla amabili wawageza nge-domestos. Amaplamu amahlanu okuqala angaphansi komhlaba ayemnyama ngombala. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-brown ... wha! Ngemuva kwalokho imifino! Ngesikhathi samashumi amabili, amanzi ekugcineni asephenduke ukukhanya, kepha ngaphenduka aluhlaza, ngoba izingalo nemhlane akuzange kuzwakale.
Ngemuva, ngaphandle kokukhathala okusendle, imizuzu emnandi yokulindela ukwethulwa okusondelene kwe-aquarium yaqala. Inhlabathi yagcwaliswa ngaphansi kwephansi le-aquarium, futhi kwasetshenziswa izimbotshana zeTetra NitratMinus Perls, ezazisakazeke futhi zahlanganiswa nomhlabathi. Ikhompiyutha yeBactozem-a nayo yahlakazeka phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwafakwa umhlobiso onesiphiwo futhi osanda kugezwa (amakhubalo amabili namagobolondo), kwasuswa ukhiye ne-amphora emigqonyeni futhi kwafakwa. Kwatshalwa izitshana ezimbalwa zeWallysneria nama-cryptocoryns.Kwavela ukuthi umklamo))) Kepha, yini ongayenza, ama-cichlid nawo adinga ukucasha kwenye indawo ekuqaleni.
Ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlanzi zaqala ukuntanta. Njengomuntu ophuthumayo, i-aquarium yaqala ukugcwaliswa ngamanzi. I-hose yayixhunyiwe empompini, futhi okunye ukuphela kufakwa ku-aquarium. Kufundwe imitha yamanzi. Amanzi aphelile!
Lapho ngithatha i-aquarium, "ochwepheshe" bathi kwakuyi-200l aquarium. Angizange ngiphikisane nabo, yize kwakusobala ukuthi lokhu akunjalo. Futhi manje LAPHO. Lapho amanzi ethelwa ku-aquarium iye emaphethelweni, imitha yamanzi yakhombisa - amalitha angama-400. Wonke ukugeza)))
Lapho nje amanzi egcwalisa i-mega aquarium, iTetra AquaSafe neTetra Vital (i-conditioner: amavithamini, iodine, njll), kanye neTetra NitratMinus (uketshezi) kwenezelelwa kukho. Kwabekwa isigaxa se-bactozyme kusihlungi esifakiwe kukhompiyutha yobumba. Ngenhlanhla, ngathatha yonke into ngomugqa, yayanele ngamalitha angama-400.
Hhawu, manje, ukudabuka okuncane. USwingling akazange aphilele ukubona ikusasa elijabule nelikhanyayo. Ayevuvukala, egcwele ezimhlophe kanti, maye, alala emuva. Ngyesaba i- “Christmas Christmas” cichlid ne-scalar, nginqume ukuyidlulisela ku-aquarium esanda kwethulwa. Ngiyazi ukuthi ngeke ukwazi! Naye uqobo wayesaba futhi ewa… kodwa walinda amahora amathathu (ukuze amakhemikhali okungenani ngandlela thize afake amanzi) futhi watshintshela i-cichlid yaba "yindawo yokuhlala" entsha.
Ubusuku badlula - wonke umuntu wasinda! Usuku lwesibili - bonke bayaphila, azikho izimpawu zesifo! HOORAY!
Kulungile ngakho-ke asifingqe
Ukuqala kabusha okusheshayo nokuqondile kwe-aquarium, uzodinga:
I-QUARANTINE AQUARIUM (TARA)
ISODA NEHYDROGEN PEROXIDE
I-TETRA NITRATE MINUS PERLS (AMABHODI)
I-TETRA NITRATE MINUS (LIQUID)
AMAPHEPHA AMABILI OKWANDISA I-BACTASIM (I-BOTTOM EYODWA, OKANYE EFILAMU
ITETRA AQUA SAFE
ekwelashweni kwamalungiselelo ayisisekelo kusuka ku-protozoa, amabhaktheriya nesikhunta
Ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha, kufanele ucabangisise ngayo yonke into, futhi uhlele abajwayele nabangane, njengoba usizo lwabo lwe-pro100 alushintshi.
Ngizwakalisa ukubonga kwami okukhulu kumkami nekati lami, abangisizile ngalo lonke usizo olungaba khona ekufakweni kwezinhlanzi eziphuthumayo
Ungakugeza kanjani izitshalo kusuka ku-aquarium :: ukubulala amagciwane izitshalo ze-aquarium :: izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium
Izitshalo ezise-aquarium zibaluleke kakhulu kubahlali bakhona, ngoba bacebisa amanzi nge-oksijini futhi bamunce isikhutha esakhishwa inhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo zamanzi ngokweqile zingadala ukufa kwezakhamuzi zase-aquarium. Ukuze izitshalo zikhule kahle futhi zingalimazi inhlanzi, kufanele unamathele emithethweni ethile yokuzinakekela.
Umbuzo “wavula isitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Ibhizinisi alihambi. Okufanele ngikwenze? "- Izimpendulo ezi-2
Inothi
Uma izinhlanzi zazigula, kepha waziphulukisa - gcina i-aquarium noma kunjalo. Ukutheleleka kungenzeka kusesimweni esidlule futhi kungekudala kuzozibonakalisa.
Qiniseka ukuthi ucela izihlobo noma abangane bakusize, kunzima kakhulu ukuphatha ngisho ne-aquarium encane wedwa.
Ukunakekelwa Okufanele kwe-Aquarium - Ukubulala amagciwane
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-aquarium yikhaya langempela lezinhlanzi. Yena, njengekhaya lomuntu, udinga ukuhlanzwa. Uma umuntu engazinikeza ekuhlanzeni kaningi, khona-ke okunethezeka okunjalo akutholakali kwezinhlanzi, ngakho-ke kungumnikazi okufanele abhekane nokubulala amagciwane e-aquarium futhi aqaphe isimo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Abantu abaningi bayazi ngalokhu, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi ungakhipha kanjani amagciwane e-aquarium kahle.
Imicimbi eyinhloko
I-Inline disinitness izinyathelo
Esimweni lapho i-aquarium isivele isebenza, kodwa kwaba khona inkathazo futhi amagciwane ahlukahlukene kanye ne-algae aqala ukuvela kuyo, khona-ke ukubulala amagciwane akunakugwenywa. Kuyaphuthuma ukonga izitshalo nezinhlanzi lapho.
Zonke izilwane ezaziku-aquarium ethelelekile kufanele ziphathwe ngesisombululo se-antibacterial. Okuthandwa kakhulu ingxube ka-10 mg we-penacillin kumalitha ama-2 amanzi. Faka izitshalo kuwo cishe izinsuku ezintathu. Ungesabi, akukho lutho olubi oluzokwenzeka ezitshalweni ngalesi sikhathi. I-aquarium ngokwayo ingasakazwa ngesibani esikhethekile nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-20. Ukubulala amagciwane i-aquarium kuyadingeka noma ngabe azikho izinkinga ezibonakalayo.Izindlela zokuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina impilo yezinhlanzi kanye nezinye izakhamizi. Okunye ukubulala amagciwane kuqala ngokwelashwa kwegciwane kuwo wonke amabala. Amathuluzi alula kakhulu aseduze yi-potassium permanganate ne-peroxide. Susa zonke izinhlanzi nokuhlobisa lapho, bese ugcwalisa onqenqemeni nge-3% peroxide noma isixazululo esimnyama se-potanganum permanganate. Yiyeke amahora angama-5-6. Ngemuva kwalokho, hlambulula kahle yonke indawo namagumbi.
Uma kungekho isikhathi noma isifiso sokulinda isikhathi esiningi, khona-ke ungasebenzisa inqubo ebonakalayo. Thenga isisombululo esikhethekile esitolo sezilwane esenzelwe ukukhipha igciwane kuwo wonke amabala. Khumbula ukugqoka amagilavu ngaphambi komsebenzi. Uma unethuba lokwelapha konke nge-formalin, chloramine, hydrochloric acid - bese usebenzisa le nketho.
Ukonakalisa izitshalo, kubalulekile ukulungisa isixazululo se-penicillin esikalini esingu-10: 2. Shiya zonke izitshalo lapho cishe izinsuku ezintathu.
Izindlela ezivame kakhulu:
Ngalezi zindlela ungasula izitshalo kanye nje, lokhu kuzokwanela ukubulala i-pathogenic sphere. Thengisa lezi zimali emakhemisi e-zoo. Okunye okusalayo kufanele kubiliswe. Ngokunemba, zigcine emanzini abilayo okungenani imizuzu engama-20. Isikhathi esiningi lapho behlala emanzini abilayo, ama-bacterium mancane kakhulu okuthi baphile. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi irabha, ipulasitiki kanye nama-thermometers akufanele abiliswe kunoma yikuphi.
Khetha indlela ekufanele kakhulu futhi ujabulele ukubukwa kwe-aquarium enhle, enempilo enezinhlanzi ezijabule.
Ukubulala amagciwane imishini ye-aquarium kanye ne-aquarium
Ama-disinfectants we -organic
Ukuze wenze ukubulala amagciwane okuphelele kwe-aquarium nemishini, okokuqala udinga ukuthola isisombululo esizolashwa ngazo zonke izindawo. Elula kakhulu nelitholakala kalula - isisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide noma i-potanganum permanganate. I-aquarium ithululelwa emaphethelweni ngesisombululo esingu-3% futhi ishiywe amahora ama-4-5 noma igezwe nge-ejenti ephezulu yokuhlushwa. I-hydrogen peroxide yisibulala-magciwane esimangazayo, ngoba inamandla okubola ngokuphelele, kanti imikhiqizo ebolayo ayinangozi inhlanzi. Kepha khumbula ukuthi kungalimaza isikhumba somuntu, ngakho-ke ukubulala magciwane kwe-aquarium kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngamagilavu nezibuko. Isixazululo esikhanyayo se-chloramine, i-formalin, i-bleach ne-hydrochloric acid sizobuye sihlanze i-aquarium ngokuphelele.
Ukudakumba utshwala
Ama-disinateants akhethekile ama-aquariums
Ukubulala amagciwane
Qala kabusha i-aquarium
Ukuqalisa kabusha i-aquarium: izimbangela ezingenzeka
Kungaba yini izizathu zokuqalisa kabusha ithangi lezinhlanzi?
Qala kabusha ngokushesha
Izimbali ze-Aquarium, inhlabathi nendawo enhle
Ukugeza
Qalisa kabusha ngokuqondile
Ukuqala kabusha i-aquarium ngemuva kwesifo senhlanzi
Ukuqala kabusha kwe-Aquarium, ukubulala amagciwane
Le nqubo ichitha isikhathi esiningi. Kufanele kukhiqizwe uma ama-ejenti e-causative kwezifo ezithathelwanayo eyingozi enhlanzini nasezitshalweni ezizinze enhlabathini, ezitshalweni nasemininingwane yokuhlobisa okungaphakathi.
Njengakwezinye izimo, izinhlanzi zihanjiswa emkhunjini ongelutho, lapho ziphathwa khona. Zonke ezinye izingxenye zohlelo lwamanzi zasemanzini zingaphansi kwe-disinfection eyanele (ithangi uqobo, yokusungula, izitshalo, inhlabathi, isihlungi, i-thermometer, i-aerator, izinto zokwakha).
Embizeni, ungathela amanzi nge-wash yokuwasha engxenyeni ka-400 g wefulawa ngamalitha ayi-30 amanzi. Zonke izindawo ezigezwa kahle zihlanzwa, bese i-aquarium ihlanjulwa kaninginingi ngamanzi afudumele. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuthululelwa amanzi amasha ahlanzekile, abiza usuku, bese akhanywa.
Ukuthi wenzeni ngezimila?
Ungahlanza futhi ugeze i-aquarium: imithetho, izindlela, izibonelo zevidiyo
Ukugeza nokuhlanza i-aquarium entsha - ethengiwe
Ukuhlanza okuhleliwe nokuhlanzwa kwe-aquarium
Ukuhlanza okuhleliwe kwe-aquarium kwenziwa ngokucophelela kakhudlwana kunokugeza i-aquarium entsha. I-aquarium enjalo igezwa ngamakhemikhali kaningana, ukukhula kususwe ngomshini futhi kuhlanganiswe, i-aquarium ibhekene nokwelashwa okushisa.Ngemuva kokugeza, kungakuhle ukubeka i-aquarium enjalo okungenani ngosuku ukuze ome.
Ukugeza nokuhlanza i-aquarium ezimweni eziphuthumayo - ngemuva kokugula nokwelashwa kwezinhlanzi
Isifo se-Aquarium
Ngeshwa, kwenzeka ukuthi ukutheleleka kungena ku-aquarium. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlanzi iyagula futhi idinga ukwelashwa, kanti i-aquarium idinga ukubulala amagciwane ngokuphelele.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukugeza okulula akwanele. Ama-aquarium athelelekile athululelwa usuku ngama-disinfectants aya esibungeni. Indlela elula yokugcwalisa i-aquarium nge-bleach noma enye i-disinfectants yasendlini. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele - AMA-DINTSHA. Akuwona wonke amakhemikhali asendlini anazo izinto zokuhlakaza amagciwane, funda imiyalo yethuluzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke imishini ye-aquarium ibhekene nokwelashwa okushisa - okubilayo.
Njengoba abanye abantu ku "Aquarium Wash" bebeka umqondo wokuhlanza masonto onke ama-aquarium, sizogqamisa lolu daba.
Geza futhi uhlanze i-aquarium yakho masonto onke
Lapho uhlanza i-aquarium masonto onke, inqubo elandelayo kufanele ilandelwe ngokuqinile:
1. Thola imishini: isihlungi, i-aeration, isilawuli sokushisa. Konke kugezwa, kubekwe eceleni.
2. Uma kunesidingo, ukunakekelwa nokusikwa kwezitshalo kuyenziwa.
3. Hlanza izindonga ze-aquarium. Isiponji noma ama-wiper blade akhethekile.
4. Uma kunesidingo, inhlabathi ye-siphon. Awudingi ukuhlanza inhlabathi masonto onke, ikakhulukazi uma kunezitshalo bukhoma ku-aquarium.
5. Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho amanzi esebuyiselwa khona: amanzi amadala ayakhishwa bese kufakwa amanzi asanda kuxazululwa.
6. Imishini ehlanziwe ifakwa emuva.
Khumbula ukusula ikhava le-aquarium nezibani ezivela ngaphakathi okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Ngemuva kwakho konke ukukhohlisa, i-aquarium isulwe ngendwangu eyomile, amabala angasuswa nge-windows cleaner.
Ukulandela le mithetho elula engenhla, inqubo yokugeza i-aquarium ngeke ibe nzima futhi ibe yisicefe, futhi umphumela uzosebenza ngokunokwenzeka.
Ividiyo elusizo yokuthi ungahlanza futhi ugeze kanjani i-aquarium
I-hydrogen peroxide ye-aquarium: yinzuzo noma ilimaze
Isimiso sokusebenza
Ukwelashwa kwezinhlanzi
I-hydrogen peroxide ngokumelene ne-algae
IHydrogen peroxide e-aquarium esimweni esiphuthumayo
Ingabe i-hydrogen peroxide iyingozi ezitshalweni, ezinhlanzini nakuma-biofilter bacteria?
I-Hydrogen Peroxide: Ukutholakala kwe-Aquarium
Ekugxilweni okuphezulu, i-H 2 O 2 yisibulala magciwane esihle. Ibulala yonke i-microflora, futhi ngemuva kokwelashwa, ukugeza kahle akudingekile (ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-chlorine), ngoba ivele ibe oksijini ephephile ne-hydrogen.
Isifo se-hydrogen peroxide disinfection singasetshenziswa ngemuva kokuqubuka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, nokuthi ngabe i-aquarium ihlaselwe yi-hydra, ama-planarian, noma uma imigodi emincane yagqekeza kuyo.
Ngokuthola amagciwane, zonke izinto eziphilayo (lokho esifuna ukukugcina) - inhlanzi, ama-invertebrates, izitshalo, zisuswa e-aquarium. Inhlabathi nemishini kungashiywa ngaphakathi, lapho kuyophinde kubulawe negciwane.
I-30-40% i-perhydrol ithululelwa ku-aquarium (hhayi ekhemisi 3%, kepha isisombululo sezimboni esihlangene kakhulu se-hydrogen peroxide), esivele sihlanjululwe ngamanzi ukuze okuhlushwa kube ngu-4-6%.
Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, uketshezi luyakhanywa, i-aquarium igcotshwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile, uma bekukhona inhlabathi, ithambisa ngokuphelele kusuka ezinsalela zezinto ezifile, emva kwalokho imbiza isilungele ukusetshenziswa. Akukho lutho oluphilayo kuye.
Uma udinga ukuhoxisa i-planarium ne-hydra ngaphandle kokuqalisa kabusha i-aquarium, lokhu kungenziwa ethangini lamanje ngokungeza isixazululo sokhemisi ekuqoqweni okungama-4 ml ngama-10 l wamanzi.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-H 2 O 2
Ukuqala kabusha kwe-Aquarium: okusheshayo nokunembile
Ukuqala kabusha i-aquarium egulayo futhi eluhlaza
Kwatholakala: 250 ml I-Tetra AquaSafe, 100ml. I-Tetra Vital, iTeta NitratMinus Perls (amagala), iTetra NitatMinus (uketshezi), iBactozym. Endleleni, i-hydrogen peroxide ithengwe ekhemisi, futhi ukufakwa kwesoda yokubhaka kwakusemakethe.
Lapho sifika ekhaya, ukuhlanza ngokuphelele nokubulala amagciwane e-aquarium kwaqala. Njengoba i-aquarium ingangeni egunjini lokugezela, kwadingeka ngiyigeze epasejini, ngoba ngangihamba nayo i-hose e-yacht ekhaya.
I-aquarium yayihlikihlwa kabili ngosawoti bese ihlanjwa icishiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho ugeze kabili nge-hydrogen peroxide. Umiswe ngesomisi sezinwele, ushukela ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka yi-silicone.
Okwamanje, inhlanzi yagula ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi amaflakisi, ayephephezelwa ngokuphelele, futhi umzimba waqala ukumbozwa ngumbala noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
Isinqumo senziwa ngokuphelele emabhakethini. Ngenhlanhla, ama-werewolves agulayo atshalwe ngokwehlukile kuma-cichlid futhi kamuva wazizwa engcono. Noma kunjalo, umthamo omuhle wathululelwa kubo bobabili. I-Methylene, eyenkontileka kanye nesixazululo se-ciprolet (elwa namagciwane).
Endaweni ethile ngemuva kwesidlo sasemini, izandla zami zifinyelela ukufakwa kwesitezi ne-aquarium. Konke kukalwa ngezinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udoti wawunqunywa ezingxenyeni ze-laminate substrate.
Ngemuva, ngokuphuthumayo waqala ukugeza inhlabathi eluhlaza kakhulu. Ngomkhonto, ushunqe amahlandla amabili wawageza nge-domestos. Amaplamu amahlanu okuqala angaphansi komhlaba ayemnyama ngombala. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-brown ... wha! Ngemuva kwalokho imifino! Ngesikhathi samashumi amabili, amanzi ekugcineni asephenduke ukukhanya, kepha ngaphenduka aluhlaza, ngoba izingalo nemhlane akuzange kuzwakale.
Ngemuva, ngaphandle kokukhathala okusendle, imizuzu emnandi yokulindela ukwethulwa okusondelene kwe-aquarium yaqala. Inhlabathi yagcwaliswa ngaphansi kwephansi le-aquarium, futhi kwasetshenziswa izimbotshana zeTetra NitratMinus Perls, ezazisakazeke futhi zahlanganiswa nomhlabathi. Ikhompiyutha yeBactozem-a nayo yahlakazeka phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwafakwa umhlobiso onesiphiwo futhi osanda kugezwa (amakhubalo amabili namagobolondo), kwasuswa ukhiye ne-amphora emigqonyeni futhi kwafakwa. Kwatshalwa izitshana ezimbalwa zeWallysneria nama-cryptocoryns. Kwavela ukuthi umklamo))) Kepha, yini ongayenza, ama-cichlid nawo adinga ukucasha kwenye indawo ekuqaleni.
Ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlanzi zaqala ukuntanta. Njengomuntu ophuthumayo, i-aquarium yaqala ukugcwaliswa ngamanzi. I-hose yayixhunyiwe empompini, futhi okunye ukuphela kufakwa ku-aquarium. Kufundwe imitha yamanzi. Amanzi aphelile!
Lapho ngithatha i-aquarium, "ochwepheshe" bathi kwakuyi-200l aquarium. Angizange ngiphikisane nabo, yize kwakusobala ukuthi lokhu akunjalo. Futhi manje LAPHO. Lapho amanzi ethelwa ku-aquarium iye emaphethelweni, imitha yamanzi yakhombisa - amalitha angama-400. Wonke ukugeza)))
Lapho nje amanzi egcwalisa i-mega aquarium, iTetra AquaSafe neTetra Vital (i-conditioner: amavithamini, iodine, njll), kanye neTetra NitratMinus (uketshezi) kwenezelelwa kukho. Kwabekwa isigaxa se-bactozyme kusihlungi esifakiwe kukhompiyutha yobumba. Ngenhlanhla, ngathatha yonke into ngomugqa, yayanele ngamalitha angama-400.
Hhawu, manje, ukudabuka okuncane. USwingling akazange aphilele ukubona ikusasa elijabule nelikhanyayo. Ayevuvukala, egcwele ezimhlophe kanti, maye, alala emuva. Ngyesaba i- “Christmas Christmas” cichlid ne-scalar, nginqume ukuyidlulisela ku-aquarium esanda kwethulwa. Ngiyazi ukuthi ngeke ukwazi! Naye uqobo wayesaba futhi ewa… kodwa walinda amahora amathathu (ukuze amakhemikhali okungenani ngandlela thize afake amanzi) futhi watshintshela i-cichlid yaba "yindawo yokuhlala" entsha.
Ubusuku badlula - wonke umuntu wasinda! Usuku lwesibili - bonke bayaphila, azikho izimpawu zesifo! HOORAY!
Kulungile ngakho-ke asifingqe
Ukuqala kabusha okusheshayo nokuqondile kwe-aquarium, uzodinga:
I-QUARANTINE AQUARIUM (TARA)
ISODA NEHYDROGEN PEROXIDE
I-TETRA NITRATE MINUS PERLS (AMABHODI)
I-TETRA NITRATE MINUS (LIQUID)
AMAPHEPHA AMABILI OKWANDISA I-BACTASIM (I-BOTTOM EYODWA, OKANYE EFILAMU
ITETRA AQUA SAFE
ekwelashweni kwamalungiselelo ayisisekelo kusuka ku-protozoa, amabhaktheriya nesikhunta
Ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha, kufanele ucabangisise ngayo yonke into, futhi uhlele abajwayele nabangane, njengoba usizo lwabo lwe-pro100 alushintshi.
Ngizwakalisa ukubonga kwami okukhulu kumkami nekati lami, abangisizile ngalo lonke usizo olungaba khona ekufakweni kwezinhlanzi eziphuthumayo
Ungakugeza kanjani izitshalo kusuka ku-aquarium :: ukubulala amagciwane izitshalo ze-aquarium :: izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium
Izitshalo ezise-aquarium zibaluleke kakhulu kubahlali bakhona, ngoba bacebisa amanzi nge-oksijini futhi bamunce isikhutha esakhishwa inhlanzi.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo zamanzi ngokweqile zingadala ukufa kwezakhamuzi zase-aquarium. Ukuze izitshalo zikhule kahle futhi zingalimazi inhlanzi, kufanele unamathele emithethweni ethile yokuzinakekela.
Umbuzo “wavula isitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Ibhizinisi alihambi. Okufanele ngikwenze? "- Izimpendulo ezi-2
Uzodinga
- - isixazululo se-potassium permanganate,
- - Isixazululo se-hydrogen peroxide,
- isixazululo se-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka,
- - Amanzi afudumele
- - umthamo wokugeza izitshalo.
Ibhuku lokufundisa
1. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka nge-aquarium ngesihlungi samanzi. Kumele igezwe njalo futhi ibulawe magciwane (kanye njalo emavikini angama-2-3). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwesibani semuva kungumbandela wokuqala.
2. Lapho ucubungula i-aquarium, kuyadingeka ukugeza hhayi kuphela inhlabathi nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa, kepha nezitshalo, futhi kuyalulekwa ukuthi ungazibulala magciwane ngaphambilini.
3. Uma ufuna ukubulala amagciwane, ikhambi le-potanganum permanganate lilungile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nyibilikisa ama-milligram ayi-10 enhlanganisela eyomile yekristal 1 litre lamanzi afudumele. Isixazululo esiphumela kufanele sibe nsundu opinki. Cwilisa isitshalo kuwo imizuzu engama-30, bese hashaza emanzini okugeleza.
4. Ungasebenzisa futhi isixazululo esingu-3% se-hydrogen peroxide. Ungayithenga ekhemisi. Kulokhu, uthele amamiligremu ayi-10 esisombululo esitsheni esine-litre yamanzi. Kwanele ukucwilisa isitshalo okwemizuzu engu-5, bese ubuye ucoce ngamanzi agobhozayo.
5. Enye indlela yokubulala magciwane: sebenzisa isisombululo se-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha u-0,5 amagremu wokulungisa owomile bese uqeda ku-1 litre wamanzi ashisayo. Isixazululo kufanele sibe nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Yipholise ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ngemuva kwalokho beka ikhambi lesitshalo, gxilisa imizuzu eyi-10. Bese geza ngamanzi afudumele.
6. Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathenga isibulala-magciwane esenziwe ngomumo sezitshalo nezinto zasemanzini bese ulandela imiyalo efakiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho futhi udinga ukuhlanza izitshalo ngokuphelele ngamanzi afudumele.
7. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izitshalo zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela, zisuswe amaqabunga afile futhi alimele nezinye izingxenye. Amabhasi amakhulu kakhulu kufanele ahlukaniswe, izimpande ezinde kakhulu zigawuliwe. Lokhu kuvusa ukukhula kwabo futhi kunikeze ukubukeka okuhlobisa ku-aquarium.
Inothi
Uma ulethe isitshalo endaweni yokugcina imvelo, phatha ukubulala amagciwane ngokunakekela okuthile, ngoba izilwane ezifuywayo zingabulawa yisifo.
Ukuvinjwa kwe-Aquarium, i-Aquarium Fish Quarantine, i-Aquarium Disinfection - i-4.7 kweziyi-5 isuselwe kuma-voti ayi-6
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlanzi
Lungiselela ukugeza okunjalo okungemuva kokulandelayo
- kungaba kusukela kumakhemikhali ethusi emsulwa ngamakhemikhali ngesilinganiso se-1 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi,
- kungaba kusuka ku-potanganum permanganate ngesilinganiso se-1 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi,
- kungaba kusuka kwi-bicillin-5 ngesilinganiso se-50 000 BD ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi
- kungaba okuvela kumalachite aluhlaza ngesilinganiso se-6 mg ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukwenza ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlolwa kwezinhlanzi ukuthola ukwanda kwezifo. Izimpawu ezifakiwe zesifo senhlanzi sokuqala zingaba:
- ukuphefumula ngokushesha kwenhlanzi,
- ukwenqaba okuphakelayo,
- ukwephulwa kokuxhumanisa kokuhamba nokwehlukaniswa kwezinhlanzi ezifunda eqenjini.
Uma kutholakala izinhlanzi ezinjalo, khona-ke kufanele kulungiswe isisombululo sezokwelapha kusuka kusidakamizwa (i-sodium chloride, i-tripaflavin, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-bicillin-5, i-sulfate yethusi, i-biomycin noma isixazululo esiluhlaza se-malachite), esithelwa kancane kancane ku-aquarium ngezigaba eziningana futhi sixube amanzi ngokucophelela. Isixazululo esinjalo sokwelapha kumele sisetshenziswe kuphela esilungisiwe.
Branchiomycosis
I-Pathogen: I-Branchiomyces sanguinis ne-Branchiomyces demigrans, isikhunta esakha izigaxa zegazi emithanjeni yegazi.
Izimpawu: ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, imivimbo ebomvu, emnyama emaphethelweni ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwemithambo yegazi. Inhlanzi iba yi-lethargic, ingabanjwa ngesandla. Isifiso siyanyamalala, isiguli sicashe emakhoneni amnyama, sitshekelwe ngaphezulu, kukhona ukucindezela kwezinsimbi. Kamuva, amagilebhisi abe "yimabula" ngombala ngokushintshana ngemibala emnyama, engwevu, nemhlophe. Amathishu aqala ukufa.Lesi sifo siyathathelana ngokweqile, ukuxilongwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ezinsukwini nje ezingaphezu kwezintathu, ukutheleleka kungathatha ngaphezu kwesigamu sabantu abasemanzini.
Ziphathwa kuma-precipitators ngezixazululo ze-sulfate yethusi ne-rivanol. I-aquarium ejwayelekile ayibulawa magciwane, susa amanzi ngokuphelele. Ukutholwa kwezicubu ze-gill ezinhlanzini ezitholakele kungathatha kuze kube unyaka.
I-Dactylogyrosis
I-pathogen: I-Dactylogyrus fluke ethinta izicubu ze gill.
Izimpawu: inhlanzi ethintekayo ilahlekelwa yisifiso sayo sokudla, igcina ku-aquarium ngenhla, ihlangana namaza alukhuni, ikhiqiza ukunyakaza okuphefumulayo okusebenzayo. Izinsimbi ziba mnyama noma zithole umbala o-mottled, izinhlwayi zazo zinamathela ndawonye, umphuzi ubonakala kakhulu, umphetho ulcer.
Ukwelashwa: kusiza ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, ukwethulwa kwekhambi le-bicillin, usawoti, i-formalin emanzini. Kungelashwa bobabili ku-aquarium eyinhloko nakumgcini wejele.
Ichthyophthyroidism noma isifo sephuzu, i-semolina
I-Pathogen: i-Ichthyophthirius multifiliis elula kunazo zonke. Kuthinta isikhumba nama gill.
Izimpawu: ukuxilongwa kulula kakhulu - inhlanzi ibambelela ezintweni eziqinile, iqhubeka ebusweni, iphefumula ngokuhaha. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuvela imishayo emzimbeni wesimo samachashazi amhlophe, okusanhlamvu. Ukugula kungaholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi.
Ukwelashwa: ukwethulwa nsuku zonke kwezidakamizwa ze-bacteria
I-Lepidortosis
I-Pathogen: I-Aeromonas punctata noma i-Pseudomonas fluorescens, amagciwane athinta isikhumba
Izimpawu: kuphakama inhlanzi enhlanzini, ngoba ama-pustule akhiwa ngaphansi kwesikali - ama-bubble agcwele uketshezi. Ngemuva kwalokho kuqala ukulahleka kwesikali bese inhlanzi ifa. Izimpawu ziyefana nezimpawu zesifo sofuba, i-ichthyospiridiosis, ukutholakala ngokunembile kungenzeka usebenzisa imishini yaselebhu.
Ukwelashwa: usizo lusebenza ekuqaleni kwesifo, lapho izikali ziphakanyiswa kuphela ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba. Amabhati asetshenzisiwe kanye nokwethulwa kwezixazululo ze-antibiotic ku-aquarium - i-bicillin, i-biomycin, i-streptocide. Lesi sifo siyathathelana kakhulu; izindlela zokwelashwa nezokuphrinta kumele zisetshenziselwe izakhamizi ze-aquarium enkulu; Uma ukwelashwa kungasizi, inhlanzi enezifo kufanele ichithwe, imishini ye-aquarium nenhlabathi kufanele kube negciwane le-magciwane.
I-Trichodinosis
I-Pathogen: iTrosodina elula kunazo zonke, ethinta isikhumba. Ingozi yezinhlobo eziningi ezijwayelekile zezinhlanzi zasemanzini.
Izimpawu: esigabeni sokuqala, ukuxilongwa cishe akunakwenzeka, izinhlanzi zingagxuma kuphela ezindaweni ezinzima ngezikhathi nezikhathi. Ekuqhubekeni kwentuthuko, umbala wezinhlanzi udoti, isifiso sokudla uyanyamalala, bese kuvela izindawo ezinombala onsundu emzimbeni, ezingaphumela obala.
Ukwelashwa: ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, ukuthuthukisa i-aeration, nemithi izosiza. Kwi-aquarium ejwayelekile, nezixazululo zikasawoti, i-tripaflavin, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amabhati afudumele (aze afike ku-34 degrees) nge-sodium chloride, isixazululo se-ammonia. Ukususa i-aquarium of parasites, kufanele ususe inhlanzi izinsuku ezimbili bese ufudumeza amanzi abe ngama-35 degrees.
Isilonda se-Peptic
I-Pathogen: I-Pseudomonas fluorescens, i-microbe ethinta isikhumba namathumbu.
Izimpawu: ukubukeka komzimba wezinhlanzi wezindawo namachashazi amnyama agcina esaphenduka izilonda, ukukhula kweso le-buccal, ukuvuvukala kwe-anus futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu - isisu esinegazi.
Ukwelashwa: usizo lusebenza ekuqaleni kwesifo. E-aquarium ejwayelekile, kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-streptocide, biomycin, bicillin. Kwibhavu ehlukile kanye namathreyi - i-potanganum permanganate ne-hydrochloride. I-Aquarium nemishini kudinga ukubulawa magciwane.
Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-aquarium kanye nabakhileyo kuyo
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokuvimbela
Izimo ezithandekayo zokugcina i-aquarium - ukushintshwa okufika ngesikhathi kwamanzi alungiselelwe kahle, i-aeration enhle, ukuhlanza njalo i-aquarium kuqeda kungenzeka kwesibalo esikhulu sezifo.Ukudla okujwayelekile, okubandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla okunamavithamini namaminerali, kukhulisa kakhulu ukumelana kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezifweni. Ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile, kuyisondlo esihle kakhulu esivimbela sonke isifo sezinhlanzi zasemanzini.
Udinga ukuthi uqaphele ukugcwalisa kabusha i-aquarium - ukuthola kuphela izinhlanzi ezinempilo, ugcine ngokunakekelwa uhlukaniswe nabantu.
I-asphyxia noma i-suffocation
Izizathu: kuphakama ngenxa yokuhlala isikhathi eside kwezinhlanzi endaweni engenampilo ye-oxygen. Lokhu kungenzeka ku-aquarium eminyene, amathangi angenayo i-aeration eyanele.
Izimpawu: amagilebhisi avulekile, izinhlanzi zenza ukunyakaza okukhulu kokuphefumula. Uma kwenzeka kufa, umlomo nezinqolobane zihlala zivulekile. Ukufa kwenhlanzi okuningi kungenzeka.
Ukwelapha: Ukuhambisa inhlanzi emanzini enomoya ophefumulile kuzosiza. Izinguquko ezimweni ezise-aquarium ejwayelekile: ukukhuphuka kwendiza, ukuhlanza imfucumfucu, ukubola imfucumfucu yokudla, i-siphon yenhlabathi.
Izimpawu zingahambisana nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokunembile ngokubeka inhlanzi emanzini anomoya-mpilo - uma ungaboni lutho olungcono, khona-ke lesi sifo sisuka kwesifo esithathelwanayo.
I-Acidemia noma i-Amonia Poisoning
Izizathu: okuqukethwe okuphezulu emanzini kwemikhiqizo ebalulekile yezinhlanzi, ama-invertebrates, izitshalo. Kubonakala ngemifudlana egcwele kakhulu, engagcinwa kahle, lapho amanzi engafane athathelwe indawo, kukhona ukunqwabelana kokubola kwento ephilayo.
Izimpawu: umbala wezilwane ezifuywayo e-aquarium ziya ngokuya zimnyama; zigcinwa eduze kwamanzi. Umonakalo ongaba khona kumagilethi abo, imizamo yokuphuma emanzini. Izimpawu ziyafana nezimpawu eziningi zezinye izifo; ukuxilongwa kungaba nzima. Kepha i-aquarist imvamisa iyaqonda ukuthi imaphi amaphutha eyawenza kokuqukethwe kwendawo yokugcina izinto zasekhaya, futhi uma i-aquarium ingalungisiwe kahle, khona-ke izimpawu zibonisa ubuthi be-ammonia ngqo.
Ukwelashwa: okokuqala - ukufaka inani elithile lamanzi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlangana kwezinto eziyingozi. Qinisa i-aeration, uhlanze i-aquarium.
Isifo se-acid noma isifo se-acid
Izizathu: ukwehla kancane noma okubukhali kwe-pH. Mhlawumbe ngokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlanzi, ukubonakala kwabaqalayo ku-aquarium.
Izimpawu: izinhlanzi ziba zibabayo futhi ziqaphile, amabala amhlophe ampunga avela kancane emizimbeni yabo, aqale ukubhukuda eceleni noma isisu phezulu. Inhlanzi efile iyagoqoza, imbozo yegill ivaliwe Ngokuncipha okubukhali kwe-pH (lokhu kwenzeka lapho kudluliselwa izinhlanzi ezimweni ezintsha), izinhlanzi ziyajaha, zizame ukuphuma, gxilisa umucu omningi. Ziyafa zigoqiwe.
Ukwelashwa: ukungezelela i-baking i-aquarium ukuguqula izinga le-acidity, ukuguqulwa kwamanzi, izinguquko ezivame kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
Isizathu: ukudla okufana ngomfaniswano, ukudla okomile, ukugcwala kwe-aquarium.
Izimpawu: izinhlanzi azisebenzi, isisu esingaphezulu sivuvukile. Igazi liqhakaza, amafomu izicubu ze-adipose ezithweni zangaphakathi, okuholela ekuphazamisweni komsebenzi wabo nasekufeni kwezinhlanzi.
Ukukhuluphala cishe njalo kuyabulala. Ukuvimbela - okunengqondo, ukondla okujwayelekile ezingxenyeni ezincane zokudla okuhlukahlukene, ukulayisha, ngaphandle kokondliwa, izinsuku kanye ngesonto, ivolumu eyanele ye-aquarium yokubhukuda yamahhala.
Ubuthi be-Chlorine
Izizathu: okuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-chlorine emanzini, okwenzeka lapho amanzi ompompi engalungiselelwe kahle ushintsho.
Izimpawu: izinhlanzi zihlala ngaphezulu, zingazama ukuphuma e-aquarium, khona-ke amacembe azo okugill aphuzi, kube nokubila, izinhlanzi azisabeli ekucasukeni futhi ziyafa.
Ukwelashwa: dlulisa inhlanzi e-aquarium ngamanzi amahle. Hlela amanzi kusuka ku-aquarium e-chlorated okungenani amahora angama-48, wedlula emhlolweni wamalahle. Ungasusa ngokushesha i-chlorine emanzini ngokuyifudumeza ngama-90 degrees.
Ezinye izindatshana
I-potassium permanganate iyikhambi elisebenzayo ngokumelene nezinhlanzi ezingama-ectoparasites (asetshenziswa ngendlela yokugeza kwesikhashana nama-lotion), kanye nokubulala magciwane izitshalo ze-aquarium ezithengiwe esitolo (10 mg / l - imizuzu engama-30) kanye ne-aquarium uqobo (1 g / l).
I-potassium permanganate ibaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni kwezinhlanzi ezithinteka yi-protozoa (ichthyophthirius, chylodonella, costia, oodinium, trichodina), ama-crustaceans (lernia kanye ne-argulus), ama-flukes ama-genetic amaningi (ama-dactylogiruses kanye ne-hydrodactylus), kanye nama-leeches (imihloliso). Kusetshenziswe i-potassium permanganate nange-dermatomycosis. Ayisebenzi kuphela ezimweni zokutheleleka kwezinhlanzi ezinezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Isixazululo esihlanganisiwe se-potassium permanganate sisetshenziswa ngendlela yama-lotions ukufakwa emaphethelweni ezinhlayiya zezinhlanzi noma zokususa izimuncagazi ezigxile emzimbeni.
Ukwakhiwa kokugeza okwelapha: 0,5 g potassium permanganate nge-10 l lamanzi. Izinhlanzi zigeza ekuseni nakusihlwa imizuzu eyi-15 (isikhathi esiphakathi kokugeza kufanele kube amahora ayi-12).
Qeda ukubola
Ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke izinhlanzi zingatholwa yisifo esinjengokubola okuhle. Kuqala ngokufuthwa okumhlophe ngombala omhlophe wemiphetho, bese kuthi imiphetho yemisebe ivele.
Esikhathini sokuqala, lesi sifo selashwa kalula ngosawoti kanye ne-potanganum permanganate. Okokuqala, izinhlanzi zigeza imizuzu eyi-10 kusixazululo sikasawoti esingu-2,5%, bese kuthi umzuzwana - kusixazululo esingu-1% sikasawoti ne-potanganum permanganate, sincishwe umbala opinki. I-Plaque inyamalala ngokoqobo phambi kwamehlo ethu.
I-Argulez (i-fish louse)
Ukuthola izimpawu zesifo akunzima: i-parasite enamathiselwe iyabonakala esweni leze. Isibonakaliso sesibili ukuthi izinhlanzi ziziphatha kabi futhi zihudula amatshe.
Ukusiza isiguli, inhlanzi ibanjwa isuka e-aquarium ifakwe ku-swab emanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zibekwa ukuze indawo kuphela enendawo yokuncela izinhlungu ihlale ivulekile. Manje ingasuswa ngokucophelela nge-tweezers. Isilonda siphathwa nge-tripoflavin noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Ungafaka futhi inhlanzi imizuzwana eyi-10 kwisisombululo se-0,2% se-lysol.
I-dermatomycosis, isifo samathambo, isigaba sokuqala sesilonda se-peptic
Yenza okugeza okwelaphayo ngokuya ngeresiphi echazwe ngaphambilini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi amakristalu e-potanganum permanganate aqale ancibilike engilazini yamanzi, futhi kuphela lapho le solution isengezwa kubhavu. Kukhona umehluko: akusona sonke isixazululo esithululelwa khona lapho, kodwa yingxenye yaso kuphela, okuseleyo kufakwa kuphela emva kwemizuzu engu-5.
Lapho ugeza inhlanzi, kubalulekile ukuqapha indlela abaziphatha ngayo: uma izinhlanzi zibhukuda noma ziphenduka emaceleni, zithunyelwa ngokushesha esitsheni esinamanzi amasha bese kuthi ukucekelwa kwezixazululo kuncishiswe. Uma kuvela ama-bubble emzimbeni wezinhlanzi, ungakhathazeki: lokhu akuyona ingozi.
Isikhathi ngasinye, kulungiswa isixazululo esisha se-potassium permanganate ukugeza namanzi kuvikelwe kahle iziqukathi lapho izinhlanzi ziphakathi kokugeza.
Ukubulala amagciwane kwenziwa uma isifo esithathelwanayo sitholakala ku-biotope, ukuvikela ukusakazeka kwawo kanye nokuqedwa kwaso kusenesikhathi.
Ama-parasites anjenge-ciliates, flagellates, flukes, okuyizimbangela zezifo: ichthyophthyridiosis, trichodiniasis, chylodonellosis, boneosis, oodiniosis, hexamitosis, cryptobiosis, dactylogyrosis, gyrodactyliosis, ngaphandle komgcini, bahlala kwi-biotope isikhathi esifushane. Ngakho-ke, uma i-aquarist iqinisekile ukuthi lezi zinambuzane ezingenhla zaziyizisebenzi ezibangela amandla, khona-ke ukubulala magciwane kwe-aquarium kungakhethwa. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe inhlanzi esikebheni izinsuku eziyi-15, ushintshe amanzi, bese ugcina izinga lokushisa ku-aquarium ngama-degree angama-26- 28 ngezinsuku eziyi-12, okuyizinsuku ezintathu - ama-32- 32 degrees. Ama-parasites abantu abadala azofa ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala, kanti lawo ambozwe ama-cysts, esekhule ngezinsuku ezingama-3 kuya ku-12, ngeke athole umgcini omusha futhi azokufa ezinsukwini ezintathu (izinga lokushisa lama-32-33 degrees lizobabulala). Ngemuva kwesikhathi esibekiwe, ungaqala phansi izinhlanzi.
Kodwa ama-pathogen amaningi wezifo ezithathelwanayo angahlala e-aquarium isikhathi eside noma aqhubeke nokusungula ngendlela yama-cysts, amaqanda, njll. Kulezi zimo, i-aquarium, izitshalo, inhlabathi, imishini ingaphansi kwe-disinitness.
Ngesikhathi sokubulala amagciwane, i-aquarium iphathwa ngesisombululo se magciwane.
Izinto zokuhlunga, ama-nebulizer, amanetha abilisiwe imizuzu eyi-10-15. Ama-heater, ama-thermometers, ama-hoses, izindlu zokuhlunga (okusho ipulasitiki), izinkomishi zokubamba irabha azikwazi ukubiliswa. Zibuye ziphathwe ngezixazululo ezibulala amagciwane. Izifafaza zingagcinwa ku-nitric acid amahora amaningi. Le yokusungula iphathwa ngebhulashi elithambile, ligezwe kaningana ngamanzi. Inhlabathi ye-aquarium ibilisiwe imizuzu engama-30 noma itshintshwe entsha.
• Isixazululo se-potanganum permanganate ye-0,1%,
• Isixazululo esingu-3% se-chloramine,
• Isixazululo esingu-4% esisemthethweni,
• Isixazululo esingu-5% se-hydrochloric noma i-sulfuric acid,
• Isixazululo se-bleach esingu-5%.
Inqubo yokuhlanza amagciwane e-aquarium imi kanje: inhlanzi, izitshalo, igobolondo namanye ama-hydrobionts asuswa kwi-biotope (afakwa ngaphansi kokucutshungulwa okuhlukile, ngokwesibonelo, inhlanzi ihlukaniswe), isitsha sithululelwa isixazululo ku-brim ngosuku olulodwa, ngakusasa isixazululo sithululelwa futhi sigezwe kaningi amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-biotope iphinde yethulwa.
Nge-mycobacteriosis, akusizi ngalutho ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-acid, ngoba ama-bacteria awasabeli kuzo. Ngokubulala amagciwane ngalesi sifo, kusetshenziswa ama-powders okuwasha (450 g wefulawa ngamalitha amanzi angama-30- 40). Okusunguliwe kuhlanjwa kusisombululo esifanayo. Ngemuva kokubulala amagciwane, zonke izinto zihlanzwa kaningi ngamanzi afudumele bese zihlanzwa, bese kuthelwa amanzi esitsheni, kushiywe izinsuku eziningana, bese kuthululelwa futhi kulokhu kulokhu.
Nge-mycobacteriosis, i-aquarium kanye nemishini nakho kungasakazwa ngesisombululo esingu-5% we-bleach noma isixazululo se-chloramine esingu-3: uthele ilitha eli-1 lesisombululo ku-aquarium bese usula ngokuphelele izindonga zangaphakathi nangaphandle kanye namakhona izikhathi eziningana ngosuku nakho. Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-aquarium igxotshwa kaningana, inhlabathi ithululelwa futhi ithululelwe ngamanzi amasha, axazululiwe, izitshalo ziyatshalwa bese izinhlanzi zethulwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva.
Ngokuthola igciwane, ungafaka futhi i-ozonation yamanzi noma i-irradiation nesibani se-bactericidal semizuzu engu-15-20.
Izitshalo, uma zingaphansi kokubhujiswa, zibekwa kwisisombululo se-penicillin (50 mg ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi). Ungasebenzisa futhi isixazululo se-bicillin-5 ngesilinganiso samayunithi ayi-150,000 ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ukubulala amagciwane izitshalo ezigezwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwenziwa esitsheni esinamanzi emazingeni okushisa angama-24- 26 degrees (ngaphezulu, kuye ngohlobo lwesitshalo) izinsuku ezingama-5-6 (kuze kufike amasonto amabili). Isixazululo se-magciwane sisetshenziswa kanye ngosuku, ngemuva kokushintsha amanzi. Emahoreni amabili okuqala, umkhumbi uyaqedwa, bese ugcinwa ngaphansi kokukhanya okujwayelekile.
Kwezinye izifo (okubangelwa ikakhulu yi-sporozoans, ngokwesibonelo, nge-pleistophorosis, glucoseosis, isifo se-nodular, ama-causative agents angahlala ekuphumeni ngesimo se-spores esivikelwe yi-membrane), ukubulala amagciwane kwe-aquarium nezitshalo zasemanzini akunikezi imiphumela. Kulokhu, izitshalo ziyabhujiswa.
Ngokusobala, ukukhipha igciwane i-aquarium kungukusebenza isikhathi esiningi.
Eqinisweni, ngisho nabasizi basemanzini abanolwazi basebenzise kabi njalo: ikakhulukazi esimweni sodlame olukhulu. Ngakho-ke, indlela enhle kunazo zonke ukuvimbela ukuqala kwesifo esithathelwanayo ku-biotope, esitholakala ngokuhlukanisa izidalwa zasemanzini ezisanda kufika, ukuvimbela izifo e-aquarium, ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kanye nokucutshungulwa kokudla (bukhoma), ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukuhlolwa nsuku zonke kanye nokwenqatshwa kwezinhlanzi ezinokugula okusolwayo, njll.
Ungawusabalalisa kanjani umuthi i-aquarium ngemuva kokufa kwezinhlanzi?
Abahlali abafile badinga ukukhishwa ngaphandle, kanti okusele kumele kubanjwe kudluliselwe esitsheni esinamanzi avikelwe, okungukuthi, kudluliselwe lapho kubekwa khona abantu bodwa. Uma isifo sezinhlanzi sasithathelwanayo, kufanele ukhiphe amagciwane e-aquarium. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlaliswa kabusha kwabakhileyo embusweni wamanzi abatheleleke ngamagciwane, imvelo izolulama ngemuva kwesikhashana. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-parasite awhlali isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwabaphathi.Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ezinsukwini eziyi-12-15, inqobo nje uma amanzi eshintshwa ngo-50-80% bese kuthi isihlungi sihlanzwa.
Uma isifo sezinhlanzi sasithathelwanayo, kufanele sibulawa amagciwane nge-penicillin. Isixazululo silungiswa kusuka ku-50 mg wesidakamizwa namalitha ayi-10 amanzi ngokushisa kwama-25 degrees. Zonke izinhlanzi zibekwa lapho. Ikhambi elisha lilungiswa nsuku zonke futhi izinhlanzi zigcinwa kulo izinsuku eziyisithupha.
Kuyadingeka ukucubungula yonke i-aquarium fauna ethelelekile. Izitshalo zigcinwa kwikhambi elifanayo izinsuku ezintathu. Isitsha uqobo, lapho kwakugcinwa khona izilwane ezifuywayo, singakhanywa ngogciwane lesibani se-bactericidal. Kufanele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwezinhlanzi nsuku zonke imizuzu engama-20. Ungaphendukela kwenye inketho yokubulala amagciwane ukungabikho kwesibani. Kunconywa ukusula indlu yengilazi nge-3% hydrogen peroxide noma uthele esitsheni isixazululo esigcwalisiwe se-potanganum permanganate amahora angama-5-6. Ngemuva kwalokho hlamba wonke amakhona nengilazi esitsheni esinamanzi.
Enye indlela yokubulala amagciwane ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngomumo, engathengwa esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, qiniseka ukugqoka amagilavu. Kuvunyelwe futhi ukusabalalisa iziqukathi zengilazi nge-chloramine noma i-formalin.
Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa okunjalo, isihlabathi esidala singafakwa endlini yezinhlanzi, kodwa kufanele kuqala sibalwe kuhhavini imizuzu engama-45-60.
Ngakho-ke, phambi kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, abakhileyo endlini yezinhlanzi kufanele impela baphume kabusha ngokugcwele kuyo. Kodwa ukuletha lesi simo ngezinga eleqisayo kangako kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphe ngokucophelela ukuziphatha kwezinhlanzi, wenze izinguquko eziwuketshezi njalo, uphendule ngesikhathi kwezifo ezinamanzi.