Ezimweni ezahlukahlukene, lapho kudingeka i-ambulensi, ayikho indlela yokubonana nodokotela wezilwane noma ukwelashwa isikhathi eside, futhi ukuhambela ngakunye kudokotela wezilwane kubiza kakhulu, umnikazi kufanele anikeze ikati injekalakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujova ekhaya kuyisimo esicindezela kakhulu isilwane kunokuvakashela esibhedlela.
Izincomo ezijwayelekile
Ngaphambi kokufaka ikati kahle, udinga ukulungiselela lokhu.
- Landela ngokuqinile imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi othize. Ezinye izidakamizwa zijova kuphela i-intramuscularly (i / m), ezinye zisebenza kuphela ngokungenasisekelo (s / c). Awukwazi ukukhetha endaweni yokubukeka elula. Ukuphathwa okungalungile kungaholela ku-necrosis (ukufa kwezicubu), ukwakheka kwezimila namathumba.
- Yonke imishanguzo nemithamo inqunywa udokotela kuphela.
- Akunakwenzeka ukubeka umjovo wekati ezindaweni ezilimele (ama-abrasions, amabhubu, amathumba).
- Uma umuthi ugcinwa esiqandisini, kunconywa ukuba ubambe i-ampoule ngaphansi komfula wamanzi afudumele ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa noma ukuwufudumeza ngesandla ngemuva kokuwufaka kwisirinji. Isixazululo esibandayo asihanjiswa, sikhinyabeza izingqinamba. Izinga lokushisa le-Optimum kufanele lisondele ekushiseni komzimba wesilwane.
Ukukhetha isirinji
Ngomjovo emakati, i-syringe iyakhethwa ngokuya ngenani lokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa kanye nendlela yokuphatha.
Ukujova ikati ngokuzithoba (lapho kubuna), kusetshenziswa amasirinji ahlukile. Kepha uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukuthatha okuncane kakhulu. Futhi, uma udinga ukufaka ivolumu enkulu yesixazululo, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isirinji enkulu nenaliti kusuka kwisirinji encane kuyo. Ukwethulwa koketshezi olunamafutha, ama-syringe ama-cubes ayi-2 noma ama-5 afanelekile.
Ukulimala kukati ngekhubalo kungenziwa ngesirinji le-insulin eyi-1 ml ngamayunithi ayi-100 esenzo, lapho isithombe ngasinye sisho i-0,1 ml. Isirinji esinjalo sikuvumela ukuthi uthathe ngokunembile umthamo owuthandayo. Unenalithi emfishane nenonda. Futhi lapho ubukhulu bokubamba kwenalithi buba bukhulu, inqubo iya ngokuya ibuhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isirinji enjalo ilungele kakhulu ama-kittens.
Uma ikati liphakathi futhi likhulu (kusuka ku-4 kg) kungenzeka ukuthi ungalawuli ukujula kwenaliti ye-insulin ngesikhathi sokujova kwe-v / m, kepha ukuyikhipha ngayo yonke indlela. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho, kunengozi yokwenza iphutha: ungafakwa emisipheni yezicubu, kepha ngokuzithoba futhi udale imiphumela emibi.
Ipeni lesirinji ngeke lisebenze uma kudingeka ngaphezu kwe-1 ml. Futhi lapho kusetshenziswa umuthi wokungaguquguquki kawoyela. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo ziyabonakala futhi azidlulisi ngenaliti encane. Ayilungele ukumiswa, ngoba lolu hlobo lwemithi luhlala lunikeza, izinhlayiya zazo, uma zingaxubeki kahle, zizovala inaliti.
Ekhaya, ikati lijovwe ngemijovo etholakalayo yokulahla.
Iqoqo lemithi yesirinji
Isirinji le-insulin liyatholakala ngevolumu engekho ngaphezulu kwe-1 ml. Futhi udinga ukwazi ukuthi amachashazi kuyo akhombisa amayunithi wokusebenza, hhayi amamayela. Kwamanye amasirinji, izinombolo 1, 2, 3 zisho ama-millilitha noma ama-cubes.
Ngaphambi kokudayela, izandla kufanele zihlanzeke, nesiponji nenaliti. Ungathinti inaliti ngezandla zakho. Uma umuthi uku-ampoules, khona-ke awukwazi ukugcina i-ampoule evulekile. Kodwa-ke, uma umuthi ubiza kakhulu, kuvunyelwe ukuthatha izirinji eziningana ngasikhathi sinye bese uzigcina esiqandisini isikhathi esingadluli izinsuku ezintathu.
Awukwazi ukuxuba izidakamizwa ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kusirinji efanayo.
Ngemuva kokuthatha uketshezi kusuka kwisirinji nenaliti, umoya uyakhishwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukhuphula isirinji ngenaliti up, unikine noma uthephe kuso ngomunwe wakho ukuze ama-bubble emoyeni akhuphukele ngenalithi. Ngemuva kwalokho ungacindezeli i-piston kanzima bese ukhipha umoya ngaphandle.
Isirinji kufanele sibanjwe ngesithupha, phakathi nendawo nangeminwe ekhala ngaphambi kokufakwa, futhi inkomba kufanele ibekwe piston.
Unganciphisa kanjani ukudabukisa
Uma umniniyo enza konke ngendlela efanele futhi isidakamizwa singenawo umthelela ocasulayo, isilwane asikhululekile kuphela ekungeneni kwenaliti.
Kodwa kunemithi ebuhlungu futhi uma imiyalo isho ukuthi ivunyelwe ukuhlanganiswa ne-anesthetics, khona-ke i-novocaine izosetshenziswa endaweni. Amakati awakubekezeleli kahle i-lidocaine.
Futhi, izidakamizwa ezicasulayo zihlanganiswa ne-sol sol kuphela uma lokhu kungahambisani nemiyalo. I-solvent esetshenzisiwe yi-saline, amanzi wokujova, isisombululo sika-Ringer. Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kuzokwenza ukuthi umjovo ungabi buhlungu.
Ukulungiswa kwezilwane
Amakati ahamba ngendlela; azithandi izindlela zokwelashwa. Bambalwa kuphela abazonikeza umjovo ngaphandle kokumelana.
Kwezinye izimo, ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, isilwane kufanele silungiswe ngokusishutheka ngethawula. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ukuze indawo yomjovo ifinyeleleke, nezikhafu zifihlwe ngokuphepha.
Amakati acindezelwa kakhulu ngokufakwa esikhundleni sokujova. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukwehlisa isilwane, ukusiphusha. Futhi ngesikhathi senqubo ,ziphathe ngokuzethemba nangokuzola.
Ukulawulwa kwe-sc, kungcono ukulungisa ikati endaweni yokuhlala noma ilele esiswini sayo. Ngomjovo we-v / m, indawo enhle ilele ngasohlangothini lwakho. Umuntu munye uphethe izihlakala nekhanda, owesibili wenza ubuqili.
Ezibhedlela, ngaphambi kokufaka umjovo, basebenzisa izikhwama ezikhethekile zokwelapha. Umkhiqizo ungathengwa esitolo nokusetshenziswa ekhaya.
Amasayithi wokufaka
Enye yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa i-subcutaneous. Indlela ikuvumela ukuthi ufake imithamo emikhulu kaketshezi, ethi kancane kancane, ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa, idonswe ngumzimba. Indawo esetshenziswa kakhulu emabeleni, i-inguinal fold futhi ibune (indawo ephakathi kwamagxa ehlombe). Lapho ikati libanjwa ekushwabeni, likubona njengokuzithoba. Kungenxa yale ndawo lapho umama ethatha amathole akhe ukuba ahambe, bese ikati licindezela lowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuthandana.
I-nape zone iyindawo engenakho ukuzwela kakhulu emzimbeni wekati, nokho, isikhumba sikhona. Ngakho-ke, ukubhoboza isikhumba futhi ukujova ikati ekushwabeni akulula. Imvamisa usizo lomuntu wesibili luyadingeka.
Imijovo yenziwa kangcono emugqeni wamadolo ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga zesarcoma.
Akunconyiwe ukuba prick eceleni komgogodla - lokhu kubuhlungu esilwaneni.
Ngomjovo we-intramuscular, emuva kwethanga endaweni yokugoba amadolo kusetshenziswa. Izinzwa ezinkulu, imithambo nemithambo yegazi engalimala ngenaliti ayidlulisi lapha. Kufakwe futhi esifundeni samahlombe ngaphambili.
I-Dosing Rate neDose
Okubalulekile ijubane lapho umuthi uphathwa khona. Ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemijovo, yehlukile, umthamo ovumelekile nawo uhlukile kakhulu.
Ebusheni bezicubu zomzimba:
- Ijubane lihamba kancane. Lapho likhulu ivolumu, lihamba kancane udinga ukungena. Kukholelwa ukuthi kuthatha imizuzwana engu-2-3 ukufaka umjovo we-1 ml wesisombululo.
- Umthamo wezidakamizwa - ikati eliphakathi nendawo, lapho lifakwe ethangeni, akufanele liphathwe ngaphezu kwe-1 ml noma ubuningi be-1.5 ml yesisombululo.
- Ijubane alinandaba.
- Umthamo womuthi ubalwa ngokuya ngesisindo sesilwane esifuywayo, kepha hhayi ngaphezu kwe-60-90 ml ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba. Uma udinga ukufaka ivolumu elikhudlwana, bese wenza imijovo sc ezindaweni ezihlukile.
Ungayifaka Kanjani Ikati Emwini
Ukujova okwenziwa ngasese kwenziwa kunoma iyiphi indawo lapho ungadonsa khona i-crease emzimbeni wesilwane. Kepha indlela elula yokufaka umjovo wokubuna. Le ndawo futhi ilungele kangcono ukwedlula eminye ekuphatheni kwe-volumetric.
- Ngaphambi kokufaka ikati emendweni, ungahlanza isikhumba nejazi ngekhambi eliqukethe utshwala. Kodwa-ke, ezilwaneni lokhu akudingekile, kuphela nge-sphinxes futhi uma kunokungcola okukhulu kwesikhumba.
- Isandla sakho sobunxele ku-scruff yentamo noma ngaphezulu kwedolo, donsela umgoqo wesikhumba ukuze ubukeke njengetende namafomu ephaketheni lomoya.
- Faka inalidi nge-cut up engxenyeni yetende ukusuka eceleni lapho isithupha sibambe khona isikhumba. Ukuma kwenaliti kucishe kufane nomgogodla noma kungabi ngaphezu kwama-30 degrees. Ukujula kokungena kungu-1/2 - 1/3 wenaliti. Ngemuva kokubhoboza isikhumba, umnikazi uzozwa ukuthi inalithi iwile esivivini. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukufaka into.
- Uma kutholakala ukuthi uboya bumanzi endaweni yokuphatha, khona-ke ukubhoboza kungenzeka kakhulu kwenziwe nomuthi uyathululelwa. Kulokhu, inqubo yonke kuzodingeka iphindwe.
- Ngemuva kokwethulwa, isikhumba siyawa, sikhishwa kancane ngesandla.
Ukujova okungatheni kwekati akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu yokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Ukungathandeki kokuphathwa kwe-subcutaneous kuthathwa kabusha kwezinto isikhathi eside futhi ukungena kancane ekujikelezweni kwe-systemic.
Ungawenza kanjani umjovo we-intramuscular
Kunzima kakhulu ukunikeza ikati umjovo we-intramuscular. Kubuhlungu ukwedlula ukucwaswa, kungcono ukukwenza ngokubambisana. Amakati awafakwa amavithamini we-v / m ngenxa yobuhlungu nezixazululo zokufakwa kumthambo. Uma inkambo inqunyelwe, kuzodingeka ushintshe isayithi lomjovo nemilenze.
- Beka isilwane phezu kwefulethi (itafula, phansi). Lungisa ngokuphepha, ikakhulukazi ingxenye lapho umjovo uzokwenziwa. Kungcono ukufaka umjovo emzimbeni wezinsikazi (indawo yemisipha enkulu yensikazi).
- Khubaza isiza somjovo (wohlobo lwe-bald cat izinhlobo).
- Kungcono ukusondela esilwaneni kusuka ohlangothini, hhayi kusukela emuva. Ngakho-ke kunobungozi obuncane bokulimala kwe-nerve yesayensi.
- Ngesandla sakho sobunxele, bamba umlenze wangemuva ukuze uhlangothi lwangaphakathi luphumule entendeni yesandla sakho. Kuyelulekwa ukwenza izicubu zomzimba ukuze zikhululeke.
- Ukujula kokuphatha kuncike endaweni kanye nokukhuluphala kwesilwane. Cishe 2/3 yenaliti. Awukwazi ukungena ujule, kunengozi yokungena ku-femur noma i-hip ngokuhlanganisiwe. Lapho usebenza nge-insulin, inaliti ifakwa cishe kuyo yonke indlela. I-engela yesingeniso ingama-90 degrees.
- Ngemuva kokuntywilisela inaliti, hlola ukuthi igazi lingena kwisirinji. Okuqukethwe kugcwele, ngakho-ke inalithi isingene emkhunjini. Uma lokhu kungavunyelwa ngokuya ngemiyalo, kuyadingeka ukushintsha ukujula kokuphatha.
- Kumele iphathwe kancane, kepha hhayi isikhathi eside.
- Ukuqinisekisa nje ukuthi umuthi usuphelile, susa inaliti ngokushesha.
- Kungenzeka, kepha akudingekile, ukufaka indawo yomjovo ngokunyakaza okukhanya. Lokhu kuzosheshisa ukwabiwa kwento, futhi kunciphise nobuhlungu kancane.
Ngemuva kokukhohlisa, isilwane kufanele sidunyiswe ukuthi sikhombisa amandla nokukhuthazela. Mnikeze impatho, isilwane. Futhi hlala uziphathe ngokungathi akwenzekanga lutho. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukugwema ukuziphindiselela, okubhekwa njengokuthambekele kakhulu emakati kunamakati.
Ngabe yiziphi izingqinamba
Ngemuva komjovo, kungaba nokuvela okungajabulisi:
- Lameness. Kuvela lapho ikati libekwa ethangeni. Kwenzeka ngokuzimela, imvamisa emahoreni ambalwa, inani lezinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma ikati likhala isonto lonke, lihudula umlenze noma i-paw elenga ngokukhululeka njengesiswebhu, kunengozi yokuthi nerve ilimele. Udinga usizo kudokotela wezilwane. Imvamisa, kuvinjelwa i-novocaine blockade, bese ikati liphola.
- Ukopha. Uma kuphuma igazi elincane ngemuva komjovo, isilwane asinangozi. Kwanele ukusula indawo ngephedi yokotini efakwe otshwaleni noma e-hydrogen peroxide. Ukuphuma kwegazi esitsheni esikhulu esikhohlakele, ungazama ukumisa ukubanda. Ngekota yehora, unamathisela okuthile kusuka kufriji, ngemuva kokusonga ngethawula.
- Inalact fracture emsipha noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kuvela ngokunyakaza okubukhali kwesilwane. I-chip isuswa ngokuhlinzwa.
Kodwa-ke, ukwephulwa kwendlela yokwethula, ukungahambisani nemithetho yokuqala, kuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu kakhulu.
Izinkinga | Izimbangela | Ulwazi Olwengeziwe |
Ukusebenza kobuhlungu (isigaxa, ukungena ngaphakathi) | 1. Ukufakwa kwamagciwane amancane. 2. Njengokusabela kwe-allergic, ngokwethulwa kwezinto ezingathukuthelisi kakhulu. 3. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ebandayo (ikakhulukazi ukumiswa nokulungiswa kawoyela). I-vasospasm ivela entweni ebandayo futhi umuthi ungaxazululi ngokushesha. 4. Ukususwa okungafanele kwenaliti, lapho ingxenye yento ingena esikhunjeni. | I-seal ivela ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-1-3 futhi ihlala izinsuku ezingama-2-3, ukuxazulula kancane kancane. Lapho ilawulwa ngemisipha, ikati lingakhubazeka noma lixhanye i-paw. Uma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu isigaxa singehli, kusetshenziswa ukushisa obomile. Isihlabathi noma usawoti ubalwa epanini, kuthululelwa esikhwameni sendwangu bese kufakwa kuthengwa. Uma i-cone itches, ikhuphuka ngosayizi, ukushisa okwomile akunakusetshenziswa. |
I-Abscess (ukwakheka kobomvu kwezicubu) | Ukuxhumana kwamagciwane okuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo. | Izinga lokushisa liyenyuka, indawo yomjovo ibuhlungu. Ikati alingangeni emlenzeni lapho kwenziwa khona umjovo. Ngokuphathwa kokufakelwa, ukubamba kungangena ngaphansi kwesayithi lomjovo. I-abscess iyakwazi ukungena kwi-phlegmon (isaphaza ukuvuvukala). Ukungenelela kwezilwane kuyadingeka. Ukuvimbela - ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuhlanzeka. |
ISarcoma (isimila esibuhlungu) | 1. I-ingress yezinto ezihlaselayo (i-acidic, i-alkali) kwizicubu ezixhumekile, isb lapho kungafanele baye. 2. Kwakhiwa kusuka ekusetshenzisweni kwamalungiselelo we-oyili, ukumiswa kanye nokuphathwa kwemithi ebandayo. | Imvamisa kwenzeka endaweni ebuna ngokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa. Kubonakala emavikini ambalwa, nasezinyangeni ezimbalwa, ngisho neminyaka. Ikhula ngokushesha futhi i-metastases ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukukhula okuqalile akuyeki. |
Allergy | 1. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziphelelwe yisikhathi. 2. Ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye ezingxenyeni. | Kuboniswa i-edema ku-muzzle, ukunganakwa, i-lethargy. Udinga usizo emtholampilo wezilwane. |
Kunoma ikuphi, ngemuva komjovo, kubalulekile ukuqapha indawo yomjovo nokuziphatha kwesilwane. Uma kukhona uphawu, bheka "ukuziphatha" kwekati, futhi uma kwenzeka ukwanda kokuvuvukala, thintana nodokotela.
Umsebenzi omkhulu obhekene nomnikazi osezofanela ukufaka amakati hhayi ukulimaza. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokubheka imithetho nangokulandela imiyalo ngokuqinile.
Ungayilungisa kanjani ikati umjovo
Okungenani ubuqili ukulindela ukuthi ikati lizokwazisa isifiso somnikazi sokufaka isirinji emzimbeni wakhe: okungenani, umngani o-furry angeke avume udlame ezenzweni ezinjalo. Into yokuqala umnikazi okudingeka ayenze ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu akuyona izindlela zokuhlukumeza ikati elingelinhle, kepha ukusiza isilwane ukuthi siphinde sibe nempilo. Kungenxa yalomcabango wokuthi umuntu kufanele asondele isilwane.
Ikati lithathwa liphazamiswe yizingxoxo ezimnene nokushaywa. Paw noma isikhumba akufanele sidonswe emuva - inaliti ifakwa ngokushesha nangokucacile ukuze ikati linganayo nesikhathi sokubona okwenzekile. Ukuhlehlisa kanye nokusebenzisa amandla kunoma ikuphi nje kuphela ukucasula futhi kusabisa isilwane.
Uma ikati liqhubeka ngenkani noma isixazululo sibuhlungu kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa isembozo noma isikhwama esikhethekile - udinga ukushiya imilenze noma imilendele yakho endaweni yokufinyelela.
Ukujova ikati
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emcabangweni kungenzeka ukuyisa cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo, kunezindawo emzimbeni wesilwane lapho izosebenza khona kakhulu hhayi kubuhlungu kangako. Ikati lingalayishwa ngokungenasici lingene emitshinini yokubuna (phakathi kwamagxa ehlombe) noma nge-intramuscularly ethangeni. Izicubu zomsipha wethanga zinenqwaba yemithambo, ngakho-ke noma imuphi umuthi ophathwayo uhanjiswa ngokushesha egazini. Kufakwe injekishini ethangeni uma umuthi ungehlungu kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ukuphathwa kwe-intramuscular kuyinto engcono, ngakho-ke kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela imiyalo. Imijovo ye-Intramuscular ine-limited limited - uketshezi olungene ngaphakathi lubangela ukuqina kwemisipha, okuyi-microtrauma.
Isikhumba ekushwabeni simanzi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulungisa izixazululo "ezibuhlungu" kule ndawo - vele ukhumbule ukuthi izilwane zilwelana kanjani futhi zibambe ngayo.
Ungayifaka kanjani ikati intramuscularly
Ukufakwa ikati ethangeni kudinga ukuhambisana nemithetho eminingana:
inzalo yezandla kanye nesirinji,
umthamo oqondile womjovo (hhayi ochungechungeni oluthi “Ngiyazi kangcono kunochungechunge lochwepheshe”),
isethi efanele yezidakamizwa
ukuxuba izidakamizwa ezimbili kusirinji esisodwa ngaphandle kokuqokwa kukadokotela wezilwane akwamukeleki,
Isirinji sisusiwe kwiphakheji. Uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho kokujova amakati emsunwini, khona-ke kungcono ukulungiselela amasirinji ama-2-3: uma umuntu ewa ezandleni zakho, ungathatha enye ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulenza ikati livalo.
Bebona ukunemba komthamo, baqoqa umuthi futhi, ngokuzimela noma nomsizi, balungisa isilo nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ukuze ikati lingangeni lapho kufakwa inaliti, lesi silwane sicindezelwa ngomsuka wesandla sakhe samahhala.
Ikati elinesisindo esingu-4 kg, akunakudlula umuthi ongu-1-1,5 ml wesidakamizwa. Isikhumba sesilwane akudingi ukuthi sibulawe amagciwane.
Ngaphambi kokunikeza umjovo emlenzeni, thola indawo efanele. Lokhu kungumsipha ohlangothini lwesondo ngemuva kwedolo ledolo. Kubalulekile ukungena emzimbeni, hhayi okuhlanganisiwe. Inaliti ifakwe engela ka-45 °. Ukujula kokuphatha kufanele kube yi-1-1,5 cm.
Lokhu kungokokuqala ngqa okwesabisa nikeza ikati umjovo we-intramuscularkodwa ukuyilungisa kulula.
Ungayifaka kanjani ikati ekushwabeni
Uma umuthi ububuhlungu futhi unenqwaba enkulu, kungcono ukwethula inaliti nomuthi ngaphandle kokuzizwa. To yenza umjovo lapho kubuna Akunasipiliyoni esikhethekile esidingekayo. Uma, lapho liphethwe nge-intramuscularly, kunethuba lokungena ekuhlanganeni, khona-ke akukho okunye ongangena ngakho ngaphandle kwendawo efanele. Kungani kulula ukuphatha umuthi lapha? Ngoba isilwane sizithola sesikulesi simo "sikamama nekati", lapho umama egqoke amazinyo akhe lapho ebuna. Ngakho-ke, isilwane kulula ukusifaka emzimbeni, kepha kungcono ukubuza umsizi ngaso - isikhumba kule ndawo sikhulu kakhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukusibhoboza.
Inqubo yokulungiselela isirinji iyafana nalapho kufakwa isilwane ethangeni.
Ukuqondiswa kwenalithi kufanele kube ngokuqinile engela ka-45 °. Isibaya entanyeni siyadonswa bese kuthi ukubuna kufakwe engxenyeni engaphansi. Ikhanda lekati licindezelwa yisandla noma umsizi wamahhala. Ingemuva elingaphansi kufanele futhi licindezelwe ukuze ikati lingahambi futhi lingazilimazi. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwenaliti, ukumelana kongqimba lwesikhumba kuzozwakala ngokucacile - kepha lapho nje ume, kufakwa inaliti bese kuthi isipikili sesirinji sikhishwe. Musa ukushesha ngesikhathi senqubo yokwazisa inaliti - ungabhoboza isikhumba ngengozi.
Akunandaba ukuthi umuthi ufakwa ngokushesha kangakanani, umthamo akufanele udlule i-90 ml nge-1 kg yesisindo. Uma ufuna ukufaka inani elikhudlwana, khona-ke isrinji ngokwayo ishintshiwe, nenalithi ishiywe endaweni yayo.
Lapho umuthi usetshenziswe ngokuphelele, ungasusa inaliti futhi ukhulule isilwane.
Uma ikati belilimele ngokungafanele
Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukubeka ama-jabs ezilwaneni, njenge-Aibolit, futhi nokuzenza kungabi okokuqala, ungalenza iphutha bese ubeka umjovo endaweni engafanele. Kuyenzeka ukuthi inqubo ngokwayo ibibonakala ihamba kahle, kepha ngemuva kwayo ikati laqala ukukhwehlela futhi lalimaza konke lapho lihamba. Ngokunokwenzeka, inaliti ithinte izinzwa zesayensi. Uma lokhu kunjalo, ungagcoba indawo ethintekile kancane - ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3 isilwane sizophinda sihambe futhi sigijime, njengakuqala.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umuthi ofakiwe awuxazululi ngokuphelele. Imiyalo imvamisa ikhombisa ukuthi i-abscess ingaba ngumthelela oseceleni womuthi. Kulokhu, inhlama izokwakha endaweni yomjovo, futhi kusobala ukuthi ikati lizolimala: akufanele ulinde, kepha thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukhipha uketshezi olwakhiwe bese wethula umuthi ozosiza isigaxa ukuxazulula nokuqeda isikhova.
Kubiza malini ukufaka umjovo wekati
Akudingekile ukuzifaka ngokwakho - akuwona wonke umuntu okwazi ukulimaza isilwane, noma ngenhloso yokuphiliswa. Kulokhu, ukuphuma kuzoba ukuhambela umtholampilo wezilwane noma ucingo oluchwepheshe oluya ekhaya. Udokotela uyazi kahle ukuthi ushesha kangakanani ukusebenzisa i-antibiotic noma omunye umuthi.
Uhlu lwamanani esibhedlela ngasinye luhlukile. Amanani futhi ancike endaweni yezokuphatha - intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular. Intengo ephansi iqala ukuzungeza ama-ruble angama-400.
Uma ubiza udokotela ekhaya, kuzodingeka ukhokhe ama-ruble angama-800 ngomjovo lowo. Imvamisa, imitholampilo enodokotela abavakashela basebenza ubusuku nemini, nayo ebamba iqhaza.
Ungayifaka kanjani ikati intramuscularly. imithetho
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ngqo nenqubo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula imithetho ethile eyisisekelo.
Umjovo wenziwa kuphela ngesirinji oyinyumba . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha usayizi ofanele. Kuyinto esebenzayo kakhulu kumakati ukufaka umjovo nge-insulin.
Inaliti yesirinji enjalo ebangeni elilungile kakhulu lamakati. Ingahanjiswa ngaphandle kokwesaba cishe bonke ubude ibe izicubu zemisipha.
Amakati abantu abadala adinga inaliti ebusheni obuyi-1 cm, nama-kittens ukuya ku-0, 5 cm. Kepha ama-insulin afaka umthamo ongu-1 ml kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ekwethulweni kwenani elikhulu lezidakamizwa, kuyadingeka ukukhetha i-syringe yevolumu enkulu.
Ungathola indlela yokuphuma kulesisimo ngokuthenga izinaliti ezilinganisile ezilinganiselwe ezilinganiselwe nezifushane esibhedlela sezilwane.
Vele, ungenza umjovo usebenzisa inaliti "yomdabu" ephuma kwisirinji engu-5 ml. Ngemuva kwalokho kufanele ulungise ikati kangcono, ngoba izolimaza ngempela. Futhi ubheke ngokucophelela ukujula kokufakwa kwenaliti emsipheni ukuze ungabhobozi kuwo.
Kuyadingeka ukugcina ngokucophelela umthamo obekiwe wezidakamizwa . Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuzulazula esikalini sokuhlukaniswa kwesirinji.
Amabalengwe asabalelwa izinombolo eziphikisana nalawo angamamilimitha. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ukwahlukaniswa kudeshi okufishane, kepha kukhudlwana kunokuncane - uhhafu wamamilimitha. Ukwahlukaniswa okuncane kunenani le-0, 1 ml.
Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi uma umjovo ka-1.5 ml unqunywe, khona-ke sidonsa umuthi ku-syringe ngenhla kwesigaba sokuqala esinophawu luka "1" bese siyama ngenhla kuqhezu oluphakathi kuka "1" no "2".
Futhi uma udinga ukufaka umjovo ongu-0,8 ml wezokwelapha, khona-ke sesidonsela emgqeni ophakathi kogayo wokuqala (kuzoba ngu-0, 5) futhi sibale ukwahlukaniswa okuncane okuncane, simise isirinji esilinganiselwe ngaphezulu kwesokuqala.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwethulwa kwenani elanele lomuthi wethamo elibekwe udokotela kungenzeka kungalethi umphumela oyifunayo, futhi i-overdose kwesinye isikhathi ingaba yingozi ukwedlula lesi sifo uqobo eselashwa.
Ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, ibhodlela noma i-ampoule enomuthi oyifunayo ufudunyezwa ezandleni.
Njengoba sesiqoqe umuthi kwisirinji, kubalulekile “ukuxosha” wonke amabhamuza womoya kuwo. Kulula kakhulu ukuthatha lesi sidakamizwa ngesibalo esikhudlwana uma kungenzeka umuthi omncane uphume nomoya.
Ubambe isirinji ngenalithi, uchofoze kuyo ngomunwe. Lokhu kuzodala ukuthi umoya osemakhanjini uqoqe endaweni yenaliti. Ngemuva kwalokho kukhanywa nge-piston kanye nomuthi owedlulele, kushiya kuphela umthamo owuthandayo kwisirinji.
Kuyadingeka ukuphenya ithanga lekati ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze unqume ukuthi uwenze kuphi umjovo. Lapho ucwaninga, izicubu ngaphansi kwesikhumba zibonakala ngokucacile.
Ngokungafani nezinja, izicubu zamakati wekati azibhokisi. Ngakho-ke, kusiza ngokwengeziwe ukwenza ukubamba ngeminwe yesandla, ukuletha ngemuva maqondana nethanga lesilwane.
Uma ubamba izicubu zamathanga kancane ngeminwe yesandla sakho sobunxele, ngokwesibonelo, ngesithupha sakho kusuka ngaphakathi, okusele ngaphandle, lapho-ke ngesandla sakho sokudla kufanelekile ukufaka inaliti yesirinji ohlangothini phakathi kweminwe ngqo kumisipha ehleliwe. Lapho-ke umbuzo ngeke uhlukumeze ukuthi inaliti ishaya izicubu zemisipha noma cha.
Ngokuya "ebudlelwaneni bokuthembela" phakathi kwekati nomnikazi wayo, futhi icubungule ukufutheka kwayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uzenzele imijovo ngokwakho, uhleli ikati emadolweni noma ulibeka etafuleni, ngaphandle kokulungiswa okwengeziwe, noma nomsizi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi amakati amelana kakhulu lapho izama ukuwagcina ngenkani futhi ifaka ukulungiswa okuqinile.
Lapho izilwane ziqala ukugcwala, maningi amathuba okuthi ujobe ngokungafanele. Ngemisipha evuselelekile, umjovo unobuhlungu obuncane.
Uma ikati linolaka kakhulu, kungcono ukulisonga ngokuqina ngokwanele ezicutshini eziminyene, lishiya kuphela ithanga lokunene ngaphandle, cela umsizi ukuthi alungise isilwane futhi enze umjovo.
Akunandaba ukuthi isilwane sizolile noma sinolaka, umjovo kufanele uqedwe ngokushesha.
Futhi qiniseka ukuthi uphatha isilwane sakho okuthile okumnandi emva kwenqubo ukusula “izikhathi ezingemnandi”.
Ukuziqeqesha
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokwethula noma yiziphi izidakamizwa, qiniseka ukubonana nodokotela. Sebenzisa kuphela leyo mithi enqunyelwe. Qikelela ngokuqinile umthamo nemigomo yokwelashwa.
- Funda imiyalo ngokucophelela. Hlola usuku lokuphela kwesikhathi Umuthi kanye ne-solvent esetshenzisiwe. Musa ukusebenzisa ama-ampoules anamagama asusiwe. Qiniseka ukuthi umbala nokuvumelana kwesidakamizwa kuchaziwe kwimiyalo. Imithi ejwayele ukukhipha izingxenyana zezinto zokuqalisa kumele inyakaziswe ngaphambi kokuphathwa, lokhu kuzokhonjiswa nemiyalo yomuthi.
- Thola isisindo sesilwane sakho esifuywayo. Kunemithi edinga umthamo ofanele - ngethamo eliphansi ngeke uthole umphumela owufunayo wokwelapha, futhi ukugqithisa ngokweqile komthamo kuzoba nemiphumela engemihle, noma izimpawu zobuthi.
- Ukukhethwa kwesirinji kuncike kumthamo, ukuvumelana kwesidakamizwa kanye nendlela yokulawula. Kaningi, amasirinji ama-2 ml asetshenziselwa amakati. Uma udinga ukufaka umthamo ongaphansi kwe-1 ml, sebenzisa isirinji ye-insulin.
- Geza izandla zakho ngensipho ngaphambi kwenqubo.
- Indawo yomjovo ayidingi ukubulawa amagciwane, emakati amakati isikhumba sinezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela, kepha isirinji kufanele singaboli. Lapho ulungiselela ikhambi, ungathinti inaliti ngezandla zakho. Uma ungawuphuthi umuthi ngokushesha, beka isiciko ngenaliti.
- Umjovo ngamunye kufanele wenziwe nge-syringe entsha oyinyumba nenalithi eyinyumba. Lungiselela isixazululo somuthi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa. Ungahlanganisi izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene kusirinji efanayo ngaphandle kokuthi ufundiswe udokotela. Thatha umuthi omningi njengoba udinga umjovo owodwa.
- Izidakamizwa ezomile ngemuva kokuthi i-dilution ingekho ngaphansi kwesitoreji, izinsalela kuzodingeka zilahlwe.
- Awukwazi ukufaka umuthi obandayo, izinga lokushisa lesisombululo kufanele lilingane nokushisa komzimba. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezixazululo ezinamafutha, okuthi lapho zifudumele, zidlule kangcono ngenalithi. Ukufudumeza i-ampoule nekhambi, vele ubambe ngesandla sakho imizuzu embalwa.
- Uma imiyalo yomuthi ihlinzeka ngenketho yokusebenzisa i-novocaine njenge-solvent, qiniseka ukusebenzisa lokhu. Kulokhu, umjovo uzoba mncane kubuhlungu besilwane futhi usidlulisela ngokuthula. I-Novocaine, njenge-solvent, isetshenziswa kangcono hhayi ngefomu yayo emsulwa, kepha ngokufakwa kwe-saline noma amanzi ngomjovo, ukuthola imininingwane, bheka imiyalo yomuthi.
- Ngemuva kokuthi usuthole umuthi ku-syringe, uguqule ngenaliti bese ukhipha inani elincane lomuthi ukuze ususe ama-bubble emoyeni esitokisini. Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukuzisusa ngokuphelele, kulungile, ungafaki umuthi osele ngama-bubble ngesikhathi somjovo.
- Hlela esimweni sokuthula nesinqumayo, hhayi
khathazeka, isilwane akufanele sizwe ukuthi unovalo. Ukuze ungesabi ikati, kungcono ukunikeza umjovo ngaphandle kokulungiselela isikhathi eside, ngokuthula nangokuzithemba. Ungaqala ukuqeqesha ngezinto ezingaphili, ngokwesibonelo umcamelo, uzokwenze kanjani nokuthi uzokwenza kanjani
- Okokuqala, sebenzisa usizo lomunye umuntu. Vumela umsizi abambe ikati kancane ngenkathi unikeza umjovo. Uma ikati lizolile, ngokuzayo ungakwenza konke ngokwakho.
Izindawo lapho ikati lifakwe khona
Ekhaya, ungenza umjovo ongama-subcutaneous kanye ne-intramuscular. Zonke ezinye izindlela zokuphatha - i-intradermal, intravenous, intraarterial, intraosseous, kungenzeka kuphela emtholampilo owenziwe uchwepheshe onolwazi.
Izindawo zokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa:
- Ngokuzenzakalelayo umuthi ungahanjiswa ngokubuna kanye nesikhumba semadolo.
- Nge-Intramuscularly - kuya izicubu zomthambo nehlombe.
Izindawo zokujova ngaphansi kwesikhumba kanye ne-intramuscularly zikhonjisiwe kulesibalo esingezansi.
Ungayinikeza kanjani ikati umjovo we-subcutaneous
Ukulawulwa kokufakelwa, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-syringe ngevolumu 2 noma 3 ml. Uma udinga ukufaka umjovo ngomuthi ongaphansi kwe-1 ml, sebenzisa isirinji ukuphatha i-insulin, ungene esikhundleni senaliti kuyo. Inaliti evela kwisirinji ye-insulin incane kakhulu futhi imfushane ngayoumjovo wekati, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthatha inaliti kusuka ku-2 syringe. Lapho uphatha izidakamizwa ngokuzithoba unamathela emithethweni ejwayelekile yokulungiselela umjovo ochazwe ngenhla. Umjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba uvame ukwenziwa endaweni yokubuna, le ndawo ayizweli kangako ebuhlungwini.
Yikuphi isirinji okufanele isetshenziselwe ukujova
Ukufakwa wukufakwa kwezidakamizwa eziwuketshezi zisebenzisa isirinji ngokwenzekile, ngaphakathi, ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemijovo: ezingena ngaphakathi esikhaleni sangaphakathi. Kepha lokhu kudalwa kwenqubo kungenziwa kuphela uchwepheshe emtholampilo. Futhi ukufaka umjovo we-intravens kunzima ukuzilawula. Imijovo engaphansi kanye ne-intramuscular, abanikazi bangafunda ukukwenza ngokwabo.
Isirinji sokujova kufanele kukhethwe ngokuya ngomuthi obekiwe nenani laso elidingekayo ekuphathweni. Ngemithamo emincane, ngaphakathi kwe-1 ml, kufanele ukhethe isirinji ye-insulin. Unenalithi encane, futhi ukulinganisa umuthi ngethamo elingaphansi kuka-1 ml kubonga kakhulu ngezinga elikahle kakhudlwana. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, isirinji ka-2 ml noma ngaphezulu siyasetshenziswa.
Isirinji le-insulin linenalithi elincanyana nesilinganiso sokulinganisa esikahle
Bafaka ikati ngaziphi izindawo?
Izindawo zomjovo wekati zinqunywa ngokuqinile yi-anatomy yesilwane. Banqunywa ngokuya ngemiyalelo kadokotela futhi bancike kumuthi obekiwe. Izindawo eziphambili zesingeniso:
- umjovo ongama-subcutaneous:
- ibuna,
- isibaya sowesifazane
- phambili kwethanga
Kwenziwa imijovo engama-subcutaneous kulezo zingxenye zomzimba lapho kungenzeka khona ukuqoqa isikhumba sekati esibayeni esikhulu
Ikati inemisipha ekhule kahle emhlane ethangeni nasehlombe, ngakho-ke imijovo ye-intramuscular ibekwa lapha
Imithetho yokwenza amandla
Noma yimuphi umnikazi angafunda ukunikeza imijovo isilwane sakhe, kepha lokhu akuwona umsebenzi olula odinga amakhono athile kuphela, kodwa futhi nolwazi:
- Ikati lingcono ukujova nomlingani. Ngisho nesilwane esizolile kakhulu singaziphatha ngendlela engalindele. Uma kungekho basizi, ikati lidinga ukulungiswa ngokuqinile, i-harness noma inetha lokubhukuda lizosiza. Uma kungekho la madivaysi, ungasebenzisa iqhinga elilula: ikati ligxibha ngokuqinile ku-plaid, ithawula elikhulu, noma ishidi. Lokhu kuzosindisa ikati nomnikazi ekulimaleni okungenzeka. Izindawo zomjovo kuphela ezihlala zikhululekile: ithanga noma ibuna.
Igridi yamakati okugeza izosiza ukulungisa isilwane nalapho sifakwa khona
Ungayinika kanjani ikati umjovo
Lapho ulungiselela umjovo, kungakuhle ukhulume nesilwane sakho esifuywayo. Izwi kufanele futhi, umuzwa opholile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi konke kudinga ukwenziwa ngokushesha: isilwane nje ngeke sivumele ukungcoliswa nxazonke.
Izinga lokuphatha umuthi lincike kunhloso yako. Ngakho-ke, ama-painkiller kanye nama-antibhayoriki abuhlungu kakhulu. Isingeniso esisheshayo sizoletha imizwa eminingi engathandeki esilwaneni, ngakho-ke udinga ukwenza lokhu kancane, kepha ngaphandle kokulibala. Ukwethulwa kwanoma yisiphi isidakamizwa kufanele kube ngokulinganisela ngesivinini, cishe nge-1 ml ngemizuzwana engama-2-3. Ukuphathwa ngokushesha kungaphumela ekubandakanyeni kobuhlungu, futhi umjovo olandelayo uzoba nzima.
Intramuscularly ethangeni
Imijovo ye-Intramuscular ichazwa lapho ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa okulula kungaphumeleli, futhi ukumiliselwa ngaphakathi kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Ukufakwa umjovo we-intramuscular, noma umjovo ethangeni. Uma uzwa ukugoba ithanga ngaphezu kwedolo, ungathola umgodi omncane emsipha. Leli iphuzu lomjovo.
Inqubo imi kanje:
- Kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izicubu ziyavuseleleka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, gobela unyawo kancane bese uthambisa indawo yomjovo.
- I-syringe ifakwa nge-acute angle perpendicular emugqeni wethanga. Ukujula kokufakwa kwenaliti kungaba ngu-1 cm, hhayi ngaphezulu. Imisipha inobukhulu obukhulu, futhi kunengozi yokulimala encikeni yenaliti uma ijikijela ithambo.
- Imithi iphathwa ngesilinganiso esiphakathi. Ungaphenduki isirinji ngesikhathi somjovo.
- Udinga ukususa inalithi ohlangothini olufanayo njengalapho i-syringe ifakiwe. Ngemuva kokususa inaliti, ungavumela ikati liphume.
Umjovo ongama-subcutaneous
Kufakwa umjovo ongasukelwa emaphethelweni ngenhla kwamagxa ehlombe.
Kulula kakhulu ukufaka umjovo oshubile lapho kubuna ikati
Ukukhwabanisa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Isikhumba siqoqana ngeminwe, siyadonswa, sakha isibaya sesikhumba.
- Inaliti ifakwe kwisisekelo se-crease. Ekuqaleni, ukumelana kuzwakala, khona-ke inaliti ibonakala ngathi "iwela".
- Umuthi uyabanjiswa.
- Ngemuva kokufakwa komuthi, inaliti kuqala ikhishwe, bese kukhishwa isibaya sesikhumba.
Ukubuna - indawo yenqubo ayinakubuhlungu kwesilwane futhi ilula kumnikazi. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukwenza iphutha noma ukulimaza ikati. Noma kunjalo, udinga ukuqaphela. Lapho uphatha umuthi ezinsolweni, kubalulekile ukunaka umzuzu olandelayo: ukuthi ngabe ijazi lome emhlane we-crease. Imvamisa, abanikazi abangenalwazi babhoboza i-crease yonke, inaliti iphumela ngaphandle, bese umuthi uphuma nje. Ukuphuma kwenaliti kusuka emuva kungenzeka kungabonakali, futhi izinwele ezimanzi kuphela ezizokhombisa iphutha.
Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obulinganayo, ikati linikezwa umjovo ongashisi emphethweni wangaphambili wethanga.
Mina ngokwami kwakufanele ngibeke imijovo yekati yokuthambisa ukoma. Le yinto elula. Kepha angisoze ngakukhohlwa umjovo wokuqala. Ngifunde ngokucophelela amavidiyo ambalwa ku-Intanethi futhi ngacabanga ukuthi ngenzeni. Ikati futhi lihlale ngokuzolile. Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, izandla zami zazizamazama kakhulu. Ngishayele umuthi esitokisini ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Okusele nje ukukhipha cap nokusebenzisa umuthi. Bengihlala nginemijovo ye-intramuscular yezingane neyomyeni wami, kepha amakati anomunye umehluko ovela kubantu - isikhumba esikhulu kakhulu, okungenani ekufeni. Inalithi ibukeka ihlangana nohlobo oluthile lwesithiyo endleleni yayo, bese ingena kahle ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kumele ngithi, ikati liziphathe sengathi akukho okwenzekile. Ngokusobala, ukubuna kuyindawo engenabuhlungu ngokuphelele.
Eminye imijovo
Imijovo ye-Intravenous, intraosseous and intraperitoneal inikezwa kuphela ngochwepheshe abanolwazi oluhle. Imijovo enjalo iyadingeka ukuze uthole umphumela osheshayo womuthi emzimbeni, lapho isifo simbi kakhulu noma ukubalwa kuqhubeka imizuzu. Musa ukuthembela kubuwedwa bakho, ubuhlakani obulula kulolu daba abwanele.
Imiphumela engaba khona yomjovo
Noma yimuphi umjovo yi-microtrauma. Endaweni yalo, izinkinga zingavela ngo:
- uphawu - ukuvela ngokuphathwa ngokushesha komuthi noma ngenqubo ende yokwelashwa, kubuhlungu futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuphatha imijovo elandelayo ukuze ugweme le nkinga, umuthi kufanele uphathwe ngesivinini esilinganiselwe, uthambisa indawo kancane ngemuva komjovo,
- Ama-hematomas - avele uma kuthinteka imithambo yegazi encane, inqume yedwa ngesikhathi.
Omunye umzuzu ongathandeki ukubukeka kwe-lameness ngemuva komjovo. Lokhu kujwayelekile, kepha ukufaka imishanguzo ethile emsipha kubuhlungu kunalokho. Naka i-lameness kuphela lapho ingayeki emva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3. Kulokhu, ikati alikwazi ukumane lincule, kepha lihudule i-paw noma lingagxili kukho nakancane. Lapha, kungasolwa ukonakala kwenaliti ngesixha sezinzwa. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho wezilwane.
Amandla okwenza umjovo wenza impilo ibe lula kubaninizo nakubanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo. Noma kunjalo, isilwane sibhekene nengcindezi enkulu lapho uvakashela umtholampilo, futhi izinqubo zakhona zingabizi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani yonke inkohliso ngokwakho. Ukwenza lokhu kungenzeka.
Okwe-intramuscular
Ukufakwa kulokhu kutholakala emsipha wesibeleko noma emilenzeni yangaphambili yekati. Amanani wesirinji avumelekile 1, 2, 5, 10 ml. Uma ufuna ukufaka umthamo ongaphezu kwe-1 ml, kuzodingeka ukhethe amasirinji enhlanganisela amathathu. Ngaphezu kwenaliti nepistoni, kufakwa ipayipi ekwakhiweni, okuvumela inaliti ukuthi ihambe kahle. I-black seal itholakala ekugcineni kwepiston lapho kufakwa khona inaliti.
Ngemuva kokukhetha ivolumu efanele, kufanele unqume ngenaliti. Ikati, futhi ikakhulukazi ikati, kungcono ukukhetha izinaliti ezonda. Lapho ukhetha i-syringe engu-2,5 ml noma ngaphezulu, thatha inalithi engu-30x0.6 mm noma kusuka “esitokisini se-insulin”.
Ngemithamo engaphansi kwe-1 ml, "i-insulin" insulin "yenza kahle. Bathola igama labo kusuka ekuphathweni kwe-insulin njalo kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Ithuluzi linezici ezimbili ezinhle. Okokuqala, ine-plunger yokuhamba okuthambile. Okwesibili, inaliti imfushane. Wabasaqalayo akufanele bakhathazeke ngokujula kokucwiliswa kwenaliti.
Kubalulekile! Inaliti kufanele ibukeke kakhulu. Uma eqoqa umuthi ngesithinteli senjoloba, inaliti kufanele ifakwe enye.
Okokuzenzisa
Kulokhu, umjovo wenziwa ekushwabeni kwesilwane. Njengoba isikhumba lapha sithambile, hhayi siqine kakhulu, sinemiphetho embalwa yezinzwa. Ikati lizizwa lincane, futhi, ngakho-ke, libekezelela ngisho imijovo yokugula.
Umthamo wesirinji ungahluka, kepha inaliti kufanele ikhethwe 30x0.6 ml. Lokhu kungukuthi uma umuthi ungekho emafutheni.
Imijovo engaphansi komhlaba ivame ukuhambisana nezidakamizwa ezinesakhiwo esinamafutha. Ukuze umuthi ungahlanganisi izindinyana zenaliti, udinga ukukhetha izinaliti ezinkulu ubukhulu, ngoba ukwakheka kwamafutha nomuthi okubonakalayo ngokushesha kuqina. Isibonelo, uma isirinji esinevolumu engu-3 ml, khona lapho inaliti kufanele ikhethwe ngo-40x0.7 mm, njll.
Ukujova kwe-Intravenous kwenziwa kuphela ngochwepheshe.
Imithetho eyisisekelo nezincomo
Lapho uzisebenzisela umuthi, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imithetho yokuhlanzeka komuntu:
- Ngaphambi kwenqubo, geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi bese usula ngotshwala,
- Sebenzisa isirinji elahlwayo, ehlala i-oyili,
- ungathinti inaliti ngesandla sakho
- ngokwesingeniso ngasinye kudingeka inalithi entsha oyinyumba,
- Ungasebenzisi ama-ampoules avulekile.
Kwesinye isikhathi izidakamizwa ezibizayo zenzelwe imijovo eminingana. Akufanele uqale ibhodlela elihlukile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kwanele ukugcwalisa imithamo enconyiwe kumasirinji ahlukahlukene bese uwavalela ngamabhodlela epulasitiki. Udinga ukugcina umuthi esiqandisini, impilo yeshalofu kufanele ikhonjiswe kwimiyalo yomuthi.
Yize le ndlela kungenzeki njalo ukusebenzisa. Ngokwesibonelo, Imithi eyimpuphu ihlanjululwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kwenqubo, ngoba bathambekele ekudaleni udweshu. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ama-ampoules afudumele ezandleni. Izinga lokushisa lomuthi kufanele liphakeme kancane kunele eliseduze.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-ampoule ehlanzekile, lapho igama lisuliwe. Bheka usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi ngalo muthi, alahle amakhophi aphelelwe yisikhathi.
Emabhokisini avulekile, hlola igama lomuthi. Ngoba, kungenzeka, lapho behlanza, babeka isengezo esisodwa endaweni engenalutho ebhokisini.
Funda imiyalo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, mhlawumbe umuthi unyakazisiwe ngaphambi kwenqubo.
Lungiselela ifayela elikhethekile ukuvula i-ampoule. Sisonge ngoboya bekotini bese usicindezela ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ezinye izibonakaliso zinophawu. Ngemuva kwalokho faka inaliti. Ukuze kube lula, phakamisa i-ampoule sibheke phansi bese uqoqa ikhambi. Ngemuva kokugcwalisa isitsha, fafaza umoya ngokweqile kwisirinji nepistoni.
Ungazami ukuhlanganisa imishanguzo emibili kudivayisi eyodwa. Ukusabela okungalungile nokulahlekisela.
Nquma ngohlobo lomjovo. Akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ezingalawulwa nge-intramuscularly noma ngokwezifiso. Isibonelo, i-calcium chloride ilawulwa kuphela ngaphakathi, kanti i-diphenhydramine ilungele izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zemijovo: ngaphakathi, intramuscularly. Konke ukungaboni ngaso linye kungaholela ekufeni kwezicubu bese kukhulisa lesi simo.
Isingeniso inqubo
Izinga lokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa lidlala indima yomjovo we-intramuscular. Uma umuthi omningi, uncipha kufanele uphathwe. Isibonelo, umthamo we-1 ml kufanele welulelwe imizuzwana engu-2-3, bese u-0,5 ml ufakwe umzuzwana owodwa.
Imijovo ikhipha izicubu zomzimba bese ngenxa yalokho ibangela i-microtrauma emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, ukubalwa okuthile kusetshenziselwa ukwethula inani elifanele lemithi yamakati amakati ezinsimbi ezahlukahlukene. Endaweni eyodwa yekati elinganiselwa ku-4 kg kufanele uthole u-1 ml wesidakamizwa. Uma udinga ukufaka inani elikhudlwana, ukugwazwa kuyadingeka ezindaweni eziningana.
Ngomjovo ongaphansi, izinga lokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa alibalulekile. Inani loketshezi nge-1 kg likhawulelwe ku-70 ml.
Umjovo we-Intramuscular
Ukuze umuthi usebenze ngokushesha, umjovo we-intramuscular wenziwa ikakhulukazi. Indawo ekahle yokujova ithathwa njengephakathi kwethanga.
I-algorithm yesenzo
Ukuqeqeshwa:
- Inqubo izoshesha futhi iphumelele uma wenza umsebenzi wokulungiselela. Sisakaza uboya bekotini, isirinji, umuthi, ifayela lezipikili, utshwala etafuleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Sifunda ngokucophelela imiyalo. Ake sithi uqaphela okungahambi kahle ngomuthi kadokotela wezilwane. Shayela udokotela wakho futhi uthole ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nomjovo.
- Geza izandla zakho ngensipho bese uthambisa ngotshwala.
- Ngaphambi kokufaka i-ampoule, qiniseka ukuthi umuthi ungaphansi kwengxenye yawo. Uma umuthi ungene engxenyeni emincane ye-vial, thinta umunwe wakho ezindongeni bese uwusabalalisa kahle.
- Khomba inaliti entanyeni esinqunyiwe bese uguqulela i-ampoule sibheke phansi. Ngakho-ke, kuzoba lula ngokwengeziwe ukufeza i-fluid.
- Lapho nje isixazululo sesidonswe kwisirinji, jikisa isirinji sibheke phansi ngenaliti ukuze amaconsi omoya asukume. Cindezela i-piston kuze kube yilapho inaliti igcwaliswa ngomuthi nomoya uxoshwa.
- Ungakhathazeki ngaphambi kwenqubo, uma kungenjalo ikati lizozwa futhi lijabule futhi ligxiliwe. Kuyadingeka ukwehlisa ikati ngokunyakaza okumnene ukuze uphumule izicubu.
- Asikho isidingo sokugcoba indawo yomjovo, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza kuphela ungqimba lwesikhumba se-antibacterial.
Injection:
- Uma kukhona ophathina naye, makabeke ikati ngasohlangothini lwayo alibambe ngezihlakala zalo. Ngezenzo ezizimele, ungasebenzisa i-bag clamp yemijovo. Sebenzisa futhi ihembe lokugqoka. Yibethele lapho ibuna. Ikati lizocabanga ukuthi kukhona umuntu olibambayo, lihlale ngokuzolile. Kumnikazi kukhona ithuba lokusebenza ngezandla zombili.
- Sebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuthola ithambo kusengaphambili ukuze ungangeni kuyo ngenalithi.
- Asikho isidingo sokuphina indawo yomjovo emsipha.
- Ezinye izidakamizwa akufanele zingene emithanjeni yegazi. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi somjovo, donsela ipistoni futhi uqiniseke ukuthi igazi alingeni isirinji bese ulifaka ngesineke ikhambi. Uma kunegazi, khipha inaliti futhi wenze ukubhoboza okusha.
- Faka inaliti phakathi kwethanga u-10 mm nge-engeli engu-45 degrees.
- Izinga lokuphatha lincike enanini lesisombululo. I-ml ngayinye yesidakamizwa kufanele iphathwe okungenani imizuzwana engu-2-3, ilitha ngalinye elilandelayo lilawulwa kancane.
- Ngemuva kokwethula uketshezi, khipha inalithi ekhoneni elifanayo njengoba lalifakwe ngaphambili. Sula isayithi lomjovo aludingekile.
Imiyalo yevidiyo yokuthi unganikeza kanjani umjovo wekati emzimbeni
Ungawenza kanjani umjovo lapho ubuna
Ngaphambi komjovo, isicubu, shaya isilwane. Khuluma ngomoya ophansi nangendlela enobungane.
Bamba ikati ngengalo yesandla sakho sokudla ngenkathi uyibamba kancane. Uma unikeza umjovo nomsizi, myekele acindezele amahlombe akhe ngekhanda ngesandla esisodwa, nangemuva nelinye, kuze kufike lapho
ilele isilwane.
Thatha isirinji ngomuthi olungiselelwe ngesandla sakho sokudla, bese usonga isikhumba ngakwesokunxele sakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, donsa isikhumba ngesandla sakho sobunxele.Ngokunyakaza okukholekayo, kubhoboze isikhumba, uqondise inaliti ngaphansi kwesisekelo somgoqo nokufana nomzimba. Inaliti ifakwe ubude obuyi-1-2 cm, hhayi i-perpendicular ku-crease, kodwa ekhoneni. Isikhumba endaweni ebuna sibanzi impela futhi ukuze usibhoboze udinga ukwenza umzamo. Ngemuva kokubhoboza, phatha umuthi, isilinganiso sokuphathwa ngemijovo engasasebenzi akunandaba.
Qiniseka ukuthi awugobhozi ukugoqa kwesikhumba, khona-ke umuthi uzophuma uqhamuka kolunye uhlangothi futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi uwuphindaphinde umjovo.
Ngaphandle kokukhulula amafolda, susa inaliti ngesirinji. Indawo yomjovo ingalungiswa kalula ukuze umuthi uhlakazeke ngokulinganayo ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi ungangeni emgodini womjovo.
Ngomjovo owodwa we-subcutaneous, inani elikhulu lezisombululo zemithi lingaphathwa - lisuka ku-30 liye ku-60 ml, ngokuya ngesisindo bukhoma.
Ungawenza kanjani umjovo wethanga
Umsizi ulungisa ikati, njengakuqala, ngokucindezela phambili nangaphambili komzimba endaweni eyisicaba futhi elukhuni.
Kwenziwa umjovo ngemuva kwethanga. Ngaphambi kwesingeniso, bamba ithanga kusuka ngaphakathi bese welula isikhumba ukuze uqinise. Inaliti ifakwa ekhoneni kuya ekujuleni okungaba ngu-1 cm.
Ngokwazisa kwezixazululo noma ukumiswa kwamafutha (isib. Bicillin), akufanele bavunyelwe ukungena emkhunjini. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokufaka inaliti emsipha, donsela i-piston kancane futhi uqiniseke ukuthi akukho gazi emzimbeni wesirinji. Uma ingena emkhunjini, susa
inaliti bese uphinda umjovo futhi.
Uma konke kuhleliwe futhi kungekho gazi kusirinji, faka umuthi kancane. Ukuphathwa kwe-intramuscular okuhamba kancane akubuhlungu kangako futhi kulimaza izicubu ezingaphansi.
Ikati likhishwa kuphela ngemuva kokukhipha inaliti.
Ngenkambo yokwelashwa, imijovo yenziwa ngokuhlukile, bese kwelinye, bese kuba elinye ithanga.Ngemuva komjovo, ikati limps - lokhu kuyinto evamile?
Njengabantu, kwikati, ngemuva kokuphathwa kwemithi ethile, i-lameness ingavela isikhashana. Lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa, izinhlungu noma ukuzindla kuzodlula futhi i-lameness izonyamalala.
Kufanele futhi kushiwo ukuthi amakati angobuciko bemvelo futhi angenza sengathi “ahlupheka” isikhathi eside kunokuba abe nendawo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ikati izama ukukhombisa umniniyo ngokubonakala kwayo ukuthi “kubuhlungu” kanjani nokuthi unephutha kangakanani lokuthi wenze lokhu kuye. Yenza izilungiso "zecala lakho", umnikeze okuthile okumnandi futhi, mhlawumbe, uzobe ethembekile kakhulu 'ekujuleni kwakho'
kulesi senzo ".
Uma ikati liyeka ukwehla ku-paw, futhi lihudule, udinga ukubona udokotela, mhlawumbe ngomjovo inalithi ungene ku-nerve plexus, lapho kuyodingeka uthathe khona inkambo yokubuyiselwa emuva.
ukwelashwa.Kufanele futhi ubonane nodokotela uma ngabe ukuvela okulimazayo, okuvuthayo noma amanye amaqhubu aqine noma athambile endaweni yokulimala noma isimo esivamile sesisibi.
Igazi ngemuva komjovo
Inani elincane eliqhuma endaweni yomjovo wegazi liyinto evamile, ngoba imithambo yegazi emincane iyalimala lapho kufakwa inaliti. Kulokhu, sula indawo yomjovo ngogwayi lukotini oswakanyiswe nganoma yisiphi isibulala magciwane.
Uma ukopha kuqhubeka, faka okuthile okubandayo imizuzu engu-15. Ungafaka ucezu weqhwa noma iqhwa esikhwameni sepulasitiki bese usonga ngendwangu ye-gauze noma ngendwangu ehlanzekile bese usinamathisela endaweni yokubhoboza. Uma lokhu kungasizi, bonana nodokotela.
Kuyadingeka ukwengeza indawo ngemuva komjovo
Kokubili ngaphambi nangemva komjovo, akukho ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwesayithi lomjovo esilwaneni okudingekayo. Uma, endaweni yokujova, kukhona noma yiluphi uphawu noma ukuvuvukala okungashabalali phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, awudingi ukwenza noma yikuphi ukufudumeza okushisa - lokhu kungaba yingozi, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wezilwane, uzothola isizathu futhi anikeze izincomo ku ukwelashwa.
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