Yize lezi zinyoka ezake zaba khona esiqhingini saseSanta Lucia, zabhujiswa lapho kungeniswa izilwane ezidla ezinye ezifana nama-mongooses kanye namagundane amnyama kulesi siqhingi futhi zaqala ukubulala lezi zinyoka ezincane zidla amaqanda. Le nhlobo yaqokwa ukuthi inyamalala ngonyaka we-1936, kepha yaphinde yenziwa kabusha kuMaria Major ngonyaka we-1973, lapho izinyoka zasinda khona ngenxa yokungabikho kwama-mongooses.
3. Ithafa eliyinqaba
Kukholakala ukuthi endle, bangama-230 kuphela abantu abadala abasindayo futhi abanye abantu abadala abayi-100 bathunjiwe. Ngeshwa, le nyoka isongelwa ngokwanda okwandayo kwemisebenzi yabantu. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka lunamakhilomitha angama-25 skwele womuntu ongafinyeleleki lapho uhlala khona. Ukwethulwa kwezimbuzi nakho kube nomthelela ongemuhle ezitshalweni zesiqhingi futhi kunciphise nendawo yokuhlala kwalezi zinyoka.
4. I-Arboreal Maskarran Boa
Inhlobo le isanda kwethulwa kwesinye isiqhingi, iGunners Coyne, futhi yize ngonyaka ka-1996 iKrugly Island yayingazigabisa ngama-boas amadala angaphansi kuka-250, inani labo manje selikhuphukile laya kwabangu-1000. Lokhu kubangelwe kakhulu ukuqedwa kwezilwane ezihlaselayo ezifana nezimbuzi nonogwaja, okwaholela ekubuyiseni kwendawo yazo enkulu yemvelo.
5. Inyoka yolwandle enezinwele ezimfishane
Ngenkathi le nyoka yayikade ibanzi, kuze kube ngawo-1990s, isibalo sayo sehle kakhulu kangangokuba akukaze kutholakale muntu kusukela ngo-2000. Ngenkathi izizathu zenkathi yokuqothulwa kwale nyoka ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo yokuhlala zingaziwa, kuye kwafakazwa ukuthi ukuqothuka okukhulu kwamakhorali nokuqothuka kungenzeka kube yisizathu esiyinhloko sokuqothulwa kwabo.
6. I-Viper Darevsky
Ngokokulinganisa kwakamuva, ngabantu abangaba ngu-500 kuphela abasele endle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le inyoka isondele ekuqothulweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yayo yokuhlala ihlukaniswe kakhulu futhi izinyoka ezincane zasakazwa endaweni enkulu. Ukudla kwaleli nyoka kuqukethe izinyamazane, izinduku nezinambuzane ezingahleliwe.
7. Inyoka yase-antiguan
Lolu hlobo lwaluthathwa njengoluphele nya kuze kube yilapho lutholwa kabusha ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990s. Ngemuva kokuqedwa ngempumelelo kwamagundwane adla umkhovu kulesi siqhingi, inani lalezi zinyoka lenyuke laya kubantu abangaphezu kuka-900. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinyoka zaqala ukuthunyelwa kabusha eziqhingini eziseduze. Inyoka yase-antiguan inyoka emsundu engenabo ubuthi engenabo ubutha futhi ilula ukuyiphatha.
8. ISanta Catalina Island Rattlesnake
Inani labo libhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yokuba khona kwamakati asendle azingela izinyoka. Ngetulu kwaloko, letinyoka letincane letentekako bekubhekiswe ekubulaweni kanye nasekubuthaneni lokungekho emtsetfweni, kwenyusa sikhundla sato lesivele sibucayi. Futhi, ngenxa yokwehla kwesibalo sezinyamazane zazo eziphambili, i-hamster enamahloni, kunovalo lokuthi inani lalezi zinhlobo ezingavamile zenyoka lingancipha ngokuqhubekayo.
9. Kaisaka Alcatraz
Le nyoka, igama layo lesayensi igama elithi bothrops Alcatraz, inyoka esengozini ehlala esiqhingini esincane esisogwini oluseningizimu mpumalanga yeBrazil. Le inyoka yaqanjwa ngegama lesiqhingi esihlala kulo, i-Ilha de Alcatrazes (Ilha de Alcatrazes). Lesi siqhingi siyidwala elincane indawo yalo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-1.35 kuphela.
10. I-Wagner Viper
Ngo-2008, isimo seenyoka leWagner sashintshwa saba “yizinhlobo ezisengozini”, njengoba bekukhona ukukhathazeka ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwedamu okuhleliwe endaweni yalo elinganiselwe kuzoholela ekubhujisweni kwabantu benyoka. Inani lalezi zinhlobo libuye lehlile ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi babamba lezi zinyoka ukuze zigcinwe njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Endle, bangaphansi kuka-2 500 abantu abadala bale nhlobo okukholakala ukuthi bashiywe.
Ukusabalala kwenyoka yesenti
Inyoka yakwaSentlus isakazeka endaweni engaphansi kwamakhilomitha kuphela esiqhingini esisogwini lwe-St. Lucia, enye yama-Antilles amancane, uchungechunge lweziqhingi ezinentaba-mlilo ezisuka ePuerto Rico ziye eSouth America eCaribbean.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zenyoka yesenti
Ubude bomzimba wenyoka ye-centus bufinyelela ku-123,5 cm noma ama-intshi angama-48.6 ngomsila.
Umzimba umbozwe ngesikhumba ngombala oguquguqukayo. Kwabanye abantu, umucu onsundu obanzi ugudla engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba, kwabanye abamele amakhethini ansundu, nezinye izindawo eziphuzi ziyahlukahluka.
Izimo zemvelo esiqhingini saseMariya azilungele kakhulu ukusinda.
Imikhuba yenyoka yesenti
Izindawo zokuhlala kwenyoka yakwaSentlusi njengamanje zinomkhawulo endaweni evikelwe iMaria the Major, okuyindawo enezimo ezomileyo lapho kukhula khona amakhakhasi amakhulu namahlathi aphansi. Esiqhingini esikhulu saseSanta Lucia, inyoka yakwaSentlus ihlala emahlathini omile asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ahlala eluhlaza kusukela ezingeni lolwandle kuya kuma-950 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Ukulungiselela ukuhlala eduze kwamanzi. Esiqhingini saseMariya, kunqunyelwe ekubeni khona kwezindawo ezomile ezinamathaki esihlahla somthi futhi lapho kungekho khona amanzi amile njalo. Inyoka yakwaSentlusi ibonwa kaningi emuva kwemvula. Lolu luhlobo lwenyoka olungejwayelekile.
Izimo zemvelo esiqhingini saseMariya azilungele kakhulu ukusinda.
Le ngxenye encane yomhlaba ivame ukuba nesomiso, futhi le ndawo ihlala ichayeka ezivunguvungwini. UMaria Major ungaphansi kwekhilomitha eyi-1 ukusuka eSanta Lucia, futhi ngenxa yalokho usengozini yokwazisa izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlaselayo ezihlala ezweni elingumhlaba, kufaka phakathi ama-mongooses, amagundane, i-inclums, izintuthwane kanye nezinhlanga zomhlanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye enkulu yemililo ngenxa yobuningi bezimila ezomile zesiqhingi. Isiqhingi esincane asikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezinhlobo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinyoka zakwaSentlusi zizalela okungenani unyaka owodwa
Izizathu zokwehliswa kwenombolo yenyoka ye-centus
Izinyoka ezinombala onsundu zazake zaba ziningi esiqhingini saseSanta Lucia, kodwa kancane kancane ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, zethulwa yi-mongoose, ekhetha ukuzingela izinyoka. Izilwane ezincelisayo ezifika ngaphambi kwesikhathi zafika kulesi siqhingi zivela eNdiya zizobhubhisa izinyoka ezinobuthi, ama-mongooses adla zonke izinyoka ezihlala kulesi siqhingi, kubandakanya nalezo ezingenangozi kubantu.
Izinyoka ezinombala onsundu zazivele ziningi esiqhingini saseSt. Lucia
Ngo-1936, inyoka yakwaSentlusi, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-1 ubude, kwathiwa ayisekho. Kepha ngo-1973, lolu hlobo lwezinyoka lwaphinde lwatholakala endaweni enamadwala yesiqhingi esincane saseMary ogwini oluseningizimu yeSt. Lucia, lapho ama-mongooses engakaze afike.
Ekupheleni kuka-2011, ochwepheshe bahlolisisa indawo futhi balanda izinyoka ezingandile.
Iqembu lososayensi abayisithupha kanye namavolontiya amaningana asebenze izinyanga ezinhlanu esiweni esinamadwala, behlola konke ukubonakala kanye nokudangala, ngenxa yalokho bathola izinyoka eziningana. Bonke abantu abangavamile babanjwa futhi kwafakwa ama-microchips - abaqoshwa, ongabalandela ukunyakaza kwenyoka. Imininingwane esezimpawu zokuphila zomuntu ngamunye izohanjiswa okungenani iminyaka eyi-10, kufaka phakathi imininingwane yokuzalwa kwayo neminye imininingwane engaziwa.
Ososayensi babuye baqoqa amasampula e-DNA ukunquma ukuhlukahluka kwezakhi zezinyoka, ngoba lolu lwazi luyadingeka ukuze kube nohlelo oluphumelela kakhulu lokuzala lwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ochwepheshe besaba ukuthi endaweni encane eduzane nezilwane ezihuquzelayo kukhona ukuwela okuhlobene kakhulu okuzohlasela inzalo. Kepha ngaphandle kwalokho, izinyoka ngabe zabona ukuguquka okuhlukahlukene, okuthe, ngenhlanhla, azikaze zibonakalise ekubukekeni kwangaphandle kwezinyoka. Leli qiniso liyakhuthaza ukuthi ukonakala kwezakhi zofuzo akukasongeli inyoka yeSenlyusian.
Ukusinda kwenyoka yakwaSentlus kuncike ekuqalisweni kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zezemvelo
Izinyathelo zokuvikela inyoka yakwaSentlus
Ososayensi banesifiso sokuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina inyoka yakwaSentlus. Ukwethulwa kwe-microchip kusiza ukulawula ukusebenza kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingandile. Kepha indawo yesiqhingi incane kakhulu ukuba ingakwazi ukuhlalisa lezinhlobo.
Ukuhambisa abanye abantu esiqhingini esikhulu akuyona inketho enhle kakhulu, ngoba ama-mongooses asatholakala nakwezinye izindawo futhi azobhubhisa izinyoka zakwaSeleaus. Kukhona amathuba wokuhambisa izilozi ezingandile kwezinye iziqhingi ezisogwini, kepha ngaphambi kokuthi wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthola ukuthi kunokudla okwanele okusinda kwenyoka yakwaSentlus ezimweni ezintsha.
UFrank Burbrink, uprofesa webhayoloji eStaten Island College, ngenkathi exoxa ngale phrojekthi, ukuqinisekisile ukuthi izinyoka kufanele zithuthwe ziye kwenye indawo ukuvikela ikusasa lazo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukwenza umsebenzi wolwazi ofanele ukuze abantu babazi usizi lwenyoka yakwaSentlusi futhi bahehe amavolontiya ukwenza imisebenzi yezemvelo.
Ososayensi banesifiso sokuthola indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina inyoka yakwaSentlus.
Kepha kunobunzima obuthile ekuxazululeni le nkinga, ngoba "lezi akuzona izikhova noma izilwane ezincane ezi-fluffy ezithandwa ngabantu."
Inyoka yakwaSentlusi ingaphinde ibuyele esiqhingini esikhulu ngemuva kokuvikelwa kakhulu nokuqaliswa kohlelo lokuzalela.
Kodwa-ke, njengamanje, lolu hlobo lwenyoka lusengcupheni enkulu yokuqothulwa endaweni eyihektare ayi-12 (amahektare angama-30), okuyinhlekelele enkulu ukuthi ibuyise inhlobo.
Ukusinda kwenyoka yakwaSentlus kuncike ekuqalisweni kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zezemvelo. Esiqhingini saseMary ngonyaka we-1982, kwenziwa indawo yokubambisa ukuvikela inyoka engandile nezinye izinhlobo zesiqhingi ekuqothulweni. Iqembu laseBrithani lokongiwa kwemvelo liqaphele imizamo ephumelelayo yokulondolozwa kwezinyoka ezingandile emhlabeni, njengenyoka iSentlus.
Ngo-1995, kwabalwa izinyoka ezingama-50 kuphela, kepha ngenxa yezindlela zokuzivikela esezithathiwe, inani labo lenyuka laya ku-900. Kwabasosayensi, lokhu kwaba yimpumelelo emangazayo, ngoba inqwaba yezinhlobo zezilwane zase zilahlekile emhlabeni, ngoba abantu bangaziphindiseli ngaphandle kwezilwane ezinye izingxenye wezwe.
UMatthew Morton, umphathi wezinhlelo zokongiwa kwenyoka yakwaSeleleus, uthe:
"Ngomqondo othile, lesi yisimo esesabeka kakhulu nesibalo esincane esilinganiselwe emkhakheni omncane. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi leli yithuba ... kusho ukuthi sisenethuba lokusindisa lolu hlobo. ”
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Inyoka uSentilia
Izwe lenkaba yezilwane ezifuywayo iSt Lucia. Ngonyaka wama-36 wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, lezi ezihuquzelayo kuthiwa zaqothuka ngenxa yokungenisa ngamabomu kwamagundane namagundane amnyama esiqithini, okuqothula izinyoka nokudla amaqanda. Ngo-1973, inyoka yatholakala esiqhingini iMary Major.
Inyoka yakwaSentlusi ngumuntu ongeyona ubuthi, ubude bawo bungafinyeleli ngisho kumitha eyodwa. Lolu hlobo luphawulwa ngombala onsundu okhanyayo onomshini onsundu emzimbeni wonke. Kunezingu-18 zazo emhlabeni, ezinikeza umuntu isimo sesilwane “esingajwayelekile”.
Viper Orlova
Indawo yokuhlala yenyoka ibhekwa njengesiyingi saseLwandle iRussia Federation. Lolu hlobo lwesilwane lunekhanda ngesimo sikanxantathu kanye namafiyane anobuthi obude obukhulu. I-Viper Orlova inombala onsomi, onsundu noma ophuzi ngompende omnyama noma onsundu ngendlela ye-zigzag. Idla izilwane ezihuquzelayo ngamasele, izinambuzane, izibankwakazi kanye namagundane.
I-Viper idumile njengesilwane esifuywayo. Ngenxa yokuthuthuka kokuzingela, kungaphansi kwama-250 awo asele emvelweni.
Rattlesnake umbala owodwa
Iziqhumane zihlala esiqhingini sase-Aruba eCaribbean. Umbala wabo ungwevu noma onsundu okhanyayo. Ngasemuva ungabona imidwebo enjengedayimane. Kuholela empilweni esebenzayo emahoreni apholile.
I-rattlesnake ibereka futhi ibelethe izingane eziphilayo. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe siyiminyaka engama-20. Idla izidlozi, izinyoni namagundane.
Ngenxa yokungenelela komuntu kanye nethonya lezimbuzi, izingcezu ezingama-230 zihlala zinjalo.
IMascarean Wood Boa
Lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo luhlala ku-o.Krugly. Finyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-1.5. Umbala we-boa onsundu omnyama emuva. Isisu senyoka sikhanyayo ngamabala amnyama. Ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi konogwa kanye nezimbuzi, isibalo se-boa constrictor sikhuphuke sisuka ku-250 saba ngu-1000.
Indawo yaseMascarene ifakiwe ohlelweni lokuhlukaniswa kwenyoka ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezinhlobo zezinyoka ezibomvu.
Inyoka yasolwandle
Inyoka inekhanda elincane kanye nesinqe esifushane. Ihlala olwandle eduzane nezixhobo zamakhorali, eduze kwesifunda esenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Australia. Lababantu banobuthi kakhulu. Yidla izinhlanzi ezincane.
Abaphenyi bakholelwa ukuthi imbangela yokuqothulwa kwenyoka yasolwandle kungenzeka kube ukugqwala kwamakhorali.
Alcatraz Kaisaka
Usongo lokuqothuka lusongela inyoka enobuthi i-Alcatraz, ehlala eningizimu mpumalanga yeBrazil. Njengomphumela wemisebenzi yabantu, ngezinhloso zokubaluleka kwasemanzini, izinhlobo zisengozini.
Isibalo esiqondile sabantu asikwazanga ukubalwa, noma kunjalo, abaphenyi bathi i-kaisaka alcatraz uhlobo olujwayelekile lwe-viper ku-Ilya de Alcatraz.
I-Wagner Mountain Viper
Umuntu obonakalayo uyizinhlobo ezinobuthi, indawo okuyiyo ebhekwa njengempumalanga yeTurkey nasenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Iran. Inyoka yasentabeni ithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, emadwaleni nasezindaweni ezinotshani.
Lezi zinto ezihuquzelayo zisendaweni yokuqothulwa mayelana nokubanjwa kwazo ngokulungiswa kwendlu, kanye nokwakhiwa kwedamu okuhleliwe kulo.
Manje i-Wagner viper ingaphansi kwezilwane ezingama-2 500. Lolu hlobo lufakiwe ohlelweni ukwandisa inani labantu.
Sikutshele ngezinyoka ezingandile emhlabeni ezibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi sonke isidalwa sadalelwa isizathu, futhi umsebenzi wethu ukusiza ukugcina indalo eyingqayizivele yendalo.
Ukubukeka nobukhulu
Le inyoka yobude obuphakathi nosayizi. Ingakhula ibe ngu-77 cm, kepha imvamisa ifinyelela kuphela isigamu semitha ubude. Ubukhulu bomsila buncane kakhulu kunomzimba (izikhathi ezi-3.5-6). Inezikali ezibushelelezi. Ikhanda lithambile, futhi lingadonswa ngokubona emzimbeni.
Engxenyeni yayo engenhla, iphethini elingaphakathi kulolu hlobo lwenyoka ibonwa ngamabili amabili okuguqula imivimbo emnyama, ukuxhumeka kwayo kugcina nge-engeli ebukhali ebunzini. Imivimbo efanayo ukusuka komunye umkhawulo wekhanda iya emzimbeni.
Umzimba ongaphezulu ungaba amathoni ansundu noma ansundu ansundu anemigqa emine yamabala amnyama anwebeka ngasemuva futhi eduze komsila axhumeke imivimbo eqhubekayo. Ingxenye engezansi yesisu yombala ophuzi inebala elimnyama elingunxande elihlanganisiwe.
Lezi zinxanxathela ezimnyama zibonakala zihlangana nezindawo ezilula kuphethini lokuhlola futhi “ziyikhadi lokushaya” lalomgijimi.
Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo
Le inyoka itholakala eduze namachibi ahlukahlukene, izizwa imnandi emanzini, iyakwazi ukubhukuda nokuntywila ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yendlela yokuphila yasolwandle yasemanzini nokuhlaselwa, inezinhlanzi ezihambisanayo, amasele namanye ama-amphibians. Kungakudla namagundane amancane. Ubophela owokugcina, athathe indandatho, agwinye ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi masinyane. Isikhathi sokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa, lezi zinyoka zidla izikelemu, izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene kanye nezidlana ezincane.
Ukulungiselela ubusika emifantwini ephakathi kwamatshe. Inezitha eziningi zemvelo, ezivame ukudliwa amabheja nezinja ze-raccoon.
Ukuzala
Cishe ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ukukhula kwezilwane kwenzeka ezihlotsheni eziboshwe ngamehlo abomvu, futhi engxenyeni yesibili kaSepthemba, insikazi izala izingane.Isici salolu hlobo lwenhlobo yokuzalwa bukhoma - amawundlu azalwa egobolondweni elisobala elakheke ngokuphelele, aliklebhule ngokushesha futhi akwazi ukukhasa ngokushesha.
Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi ye-ovoviviparous ingazala izingane ezingama-8 - 20 ezisukela ngosayizi kusuka ku-18 kuye ku-20 cm.
ITerrarium
Enye yezimo ezibalulekile zokulungiswa kwezinyoka ukutholakala kwezindlu, ezivaleke ngokuphephile, ukuvimba ohlala ngaphakathi ukuba ahambele omakhelwane bakhe. Izinyoka ezi-backed red, ama-terrariums ohlobo oluvundlile anendawo eyanele ahamba phambili.
Umthamo wezindlu ukhethwa ngokuya ngosayizi wesilwane esifuywayo. Ama-terrariums athembekile kakhulu futhi athambile ngeglasi yokuslayida.
Ukuhlomisa ikhaya, kufanele uthenge imishini efanelekile namadivayisi:
- abalawuli bokushisa (mat wokushisa, isibani se-thermocouple noma isibani sokushisa),
- i-thermometer
- hydrometer
- Isibani se-UV
- umkhombe wokudla
- isitsha sokuphuza
- amakhonkco kanye ne-scapula yokuhlanza, izilenge zokudla.
Inhlabathi nendawo yokukhosela yenyoka kuyadingeka futhi. Ngale njongo, asetshenziswa i-driftwood, amagatsha, izimbiza zezimbali ezingaphenduki noma umhlobiso ofanele ovela esitolo sezilwane zasekhaya.
Lezi zinyoka zithanda kakhulu amanzi, ngakho-ke ukuze uhlale ngokunethezeka endaweni yokuhlala udinga ukufaka ichibi elikhulu lokubhukuda noma echibini. Umswakama ugcinwa ngokufafaza noma i-generator enezindlela ezifanele (inkungu, imvula yokufakelwa). Ibanga lokushisa elinconyelwe ngu-24-28 ° С.
Ukhukhunathi noma ukubiyela kwezinkuni kufanelekile njengama-primers. Ukwengeza umswakama enhlabathini, ungangeza umhlaba noma ama-moss (sphagnum).
Izikhumba azifunwa ngokuphelele ngokukhanya. Isibani esijwayelekile se-incandescent, isibani se-fluorescent, kufanelekile impela. Ebusuku, amalambu acishiwe. Uma ufuna ukubuka isilwane sakho ngezikhathi ezithile ebusuku, ungafaka izibani ezikhethekile ezinikeza isibani sasemuva esifana nokukhanya kwenyanga.
Ukukhanyisa ngamalambu e-UV kusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi i:
- izinkinga zempilo
- molting kanzima
- isifiso sokudla esifuywayo.
Ukondla
Ukudliwa kwezinyoka ezibomvu emuva kuqukethe amasele nezinhlanzi azijwayele; namagundane amancane nawo afanelekile. Ukondla izinhlanzi zigijime esitsheni esikhulu sokuphuza. Imvamisa yokondliwa kukhethwa ngawodwana, kepha ngokuyisisekelo ivela kathathu ezinsukwini eziyi-7 iye kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Inyoka elambile iqala ukuhamba ngokuzungeza ikhaya layo ifuna ukudla. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa, izinyoka zidla izikelemu nezinambuzane.
Ubukhulu bokuthi "isisulu" sokudla bukhethiwe ngokuya ngobukhulu benyoka futhi akufanele bwedlule ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-2-3. Inyoka futhi ingaginya ukudla okukhulu okwanele, kepha lokhu kuzothinta kabi uhlelo lwayo lokugaya ukudla.
Ukugcinwa kwendlu
Lapho unakekela inyoka ebomvu, kuyadingeka ukulwela inhlanzeko futhi uhlanze njalo izindlu. Ngenqubo yokungcola kuyadingeka ukuhlanza imikhiqizo ebalulekile yenyoka - ukhipha udoti, imfucumfucu yokudla nokunye. Imikhiqizo enjalo yokungcola isuswa ngama-tweezers, kanye nama-spatulas.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanzwa kwegumbi, yonke imishini kagesi icishiwe. Udinga nokunakekela imishini ngokuya ngemiyalo, ukuqapha ukusebenza kwayo.
Ukushintshwa kwefluid endishini yokuphuza kanye nokugeza kuyenziwa nsuku zonke. Umhlabathi uguqulwa okungenani kanye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Lapho uhlanza izingilazi ze-terrarium kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-soda, imvamisa zimane zigezwe ngamanzi ngesiponji. Ukuhlanza okujwayelekile ngesibulala magciwane kwenziwa kakhulu kuyaqabukela - ngokuyisisekelo le nqubo iyadingeka kwisifo senyoka ngokuya ngezincomo zikadokotela wezilwane.
Ngakho-ke, inyoka enobuthi obomvu yinyoka ephakathi nendawo enobungozi enephethini le-chess elithandekayo esiswini. Ingagcinwa ekhaya e-tertium ethe mpo - udinga nje ukwenza inyoka lena ukugeza, ngoba ihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini endle, futhi uyondle inhlanzi.
Incazelo emfushane yoku morphological
Phakathi kwabamele iqembu le-Euro-Siberian lezinyoka ezinamakhanda ezihlangu yinyoka ephakathi nendawo, enobude obungaphezulu kuka-500 mm. Umbala wekhanda uphawuleka kalula kunombala womzimba. Izihlangu ze-Cantal nezilebhu zidwetshwe zaba mhlophe. Inani le-scums le-scral le-scakala le "site" lincane kunazo zonke iqembu "kaznakovi": izibazi ze-ventral ku ♂ 126-134, ku ♀ - 133–141.
Amathoni ansundu ahamba phambili kumbala wengxenye yesidumbu (50%), yize kutholakala imibala yombala ohlaza okotshani, ophuzi, onsomi ngombala obomvana, kanye nokuncibilika kwenani elincane lesikali esinombala okhanyayo ekhanda kanye nesiqu endaweni yangemuva langaphambili .
I-zigzag kubantu abaningi ipendiwe ngamathoni ansundu amnyama, enomphetho omnyama nomphetho ophuzi noma opinki (54%). Okuncane kakhulu ngabantu abane-zigzag emnyama noma ebomvu. Izindawo ezimnyama ezingashisi kakhulu zivame ukutholakala ezinhlangothini zomzimba, lapho izinhlangothi zimnyama ngokuphelele (15%).
Umbala wekhanda, njengomthetho, ulula kunombala womzimba, uvame ngephethini emibi. Imvamisa, i-zigzag ihlangana nephethini lekhanda indistinctly (46.1%), uma ihluka kakhulu (30,8%) noma ingaxhumeki nhlobo (23.1%). Umbala omangazayo wesibalo esikhulu sabantu abamnyama unama-spinks amaningi noma ambalwa aqhakazile. Ngaphansi komsila kuvame ukuba mnyama, isicoco saso sivezwe imibala ehlukahlukene ephuzi (grey-ophuzi, luhlaza okotshani, ophuzi-oliphuzi, njll. [2, 4].
Izici ze-biology kanye nemvelo
Indawo yokusatshalaliswa isendaweni ephelele yethonya lesimo sezulu saseMedithera kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-xeromesophilic biocenoses. Uhlobo luhlala ngokuhlukahlukahlukana komhlaba wezindawo zaseMedithera nezingaphansi kweMedithera: kusuka emifudlaneni engaphansi komfula i-intrazonal kuya kuma-steppe meadows kanye ne-ecotones yamahlathi e-juniper. Ibanga lokusatshalaliswa kokuphakama lisuka ku-450 kuye ku-950 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. izilwandle. Kusukela ubusika buvela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - Meyi, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Idla izidlozi namagundane anjengegundane [2, 4].
Izindlela zokuphepha ezidingekile nezengeziwe
Kuyadingeka ukuhlela izinqolobane ezincane noma izikhumbuzo zesikhumbuzo zemvelo ukusuka edolobheni lasePapay ukuya edolobheni laseBolshoi Pseushkho. Kungcono ukuthi ufake inani eliphakeme lokugcina ekwakhiweni kwe-SORT.
Imithombo yolwazi. 1. Ananyeva et al., 2004, 2. Tuniev, Ostrovsky, 2001, 3. IUCN, 2004, 4. Idatha engashicilelwe yabahlanganisi. Kuhlanganiswe nguB. S. Tuniev, S. B. Tuniev.
