I-Cuneiform paring yomdabu waseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ama -ars nezindawo zokuhlala kuhlala amachibi nemisele enamanzi afudumele athambile, okusabela okuncane kwe-asidi. Ukubona indawo kweCuneiform kwalethwa eYurophu ngo-1906, eRussia ngo-1911.
Ukuhlanza bekuthathwa njengento yokuqukethwe futhi kunenkinga ngokuzalanisa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukubonwa kwe-cuneiform kwavumelana kahle nezimo ze-aquarium futhi kwakhiwa kuqala eNtshonalanga Yurophu, nasekupheleni kwamashumi amahlanu eRussia.
Kodwa-ke, kuze kube manje, ukuzalaniswa okuzinzile kwama-wedge a-wedge ahlanganisiwe kuhlotshaniswa nobunzima obuthile. Ukuze sibagweme, kufanele sinake kuqala izimo zokuboshwa. Amanzi amadala anezinga lokushisa elingu-24-25 ° С, ubunzima be-12-15 °, ne-pH ka-6.5-7 ilungele inhlanzi.
Ukubuka kwe-Cuneiform
Amanzi kufanele athathelwe indawo njalo (kanye ngeviki ngekota yevolumu), ukuqhutshwa kokujikeleza kwehora kanye nokuhlunga kuyathandeka. Uma kungenzeka, umhlabathi kufanele ube mnyama. Ukukhanya kukhanya. Izitshalo zikhethwa ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwamanzi nokukhanya. Lawa ama-cryptocorynes, i-Thai fern, i-hygrophil, i-cinema, i-Javanese moss, njll. Kufanele kube nesikhala esanele e-aquarium sokubhukuda isikole senhlanzi (okungenani isihlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa), esigcinwa ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi.
Ungayondla kanjani ukuhlaziywa
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-heteromorph ekuhambeni kungaphansi kwabakhileyo e-aquarium njenge-zebrafish kanye nama-barbs, okumele kubhekwe lapho kudliwa. Le nhlanzi ayinambulelo ekudleni: ithatha konke ukudla okwomile nokuphila, kepha kukuthatha ngokunganqikazi kusuka phansi. Ukudla kufanele kwehluka. Ngondla i-daphnia, cyclops, feed feed ngokulinganayo, ushizi ogayiwe wezinhlobo ezibandayo, ushizi wekhokho onamafutha aphansi, i-artemia esetshenzisiwe. I-tubule kanye namagciwane amancane egazi akufanele anikezwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa noma kabili ngesonto.
Ukondla ngokudla kwezitshalo kuyinto efiselekayo: isinkwa esimhlophe, i-oatmeal enosiwe, i-semolina ebilisiwe, ulethisi oqoshiwe, i-dandelion, njll.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Lapho unakekela futhi unakekela ukubuka kwe-cuneiform, cabanga ngezimo izinhlanzi ezihlala kuzo ngokwemvelo. Zincamela ukuba sekholini lamanzi elinezindawo zokukhosela eziningi ngendlela yezimila obukhulu. Ukuhlaziya okungabekezeleleki kuyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha zokuphila. Ngokusekelwe kulawa ma-nuances, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka nge-aquarium ukuze ihlaziywe.
I-Aquarium
Inketho enhle kakhulu yokugcina izinhlanzi izoba yi-aquarium enamanani angu-40 amalitha noma ngaphezulu. Uma uhlela ukuqeda isikole esikhulu senhlanzi kusuka kwezingcezu eziyi-15, kungakuhle ukuthi ubhekisise isitsha esinenqwaba yamalitha angama-80 noma ngaphezulu. Ukuze izakhamuzi ezingaphansi kwamanzi zizizwe zikhululekile, khetha i-aquarium enxande. Izinhlanzi zibonakaliswa ngumsebenzi owandayo kanye nekhono lokugxuma, ngakho-ke nakekela ubukhona besembozo noma ingilazi.
Izitshalo
Ama-Shelter ayadingeka ezinhlanzini ezincane, i-Hornwort, i-cryptocoryne, zonke izinhlobo zama-mosses, i-valisneria kanye nemigodi ehlukahlukene ifaneleka kahle. Phezu kwamanzi kungakhona noma yiziphi izitshalo ezintantayo. Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi izitshalo kumele zihleleke ukuze kube nesikhala esanele sokubhukuda mahhala.
Amapharamitha wamanzi
Emvelweni, amagwala asetshenziselwa ukuba semizimbeni yamanzi nge-enethiwekhi esibuthakathaka, enamanzi athambile. Ukuvimbela inhlanzi ukuthi ibhekane nengcindezi, yakha izimo ezifanayo nayo. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni lama-23 - 25 degrees. Faka isihlungi sangaphakathi esidala ukuhamba okuncane kwikholamu yamanzi. Ubulukhuni bamanzi kuhla lwe-8 - 12 dH, acidity 5.5 - 7.0 pH.
Ukondla
Izinhlanzi ezinamaphayiphu ngokwemvelo zinikeza inambuzane izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene nezibungu zazo. Ekhaya, bondla zonke izinhlobo zokuphakelwa, ngaphandle kokukhetha: ama-flakes, hhayi ama-granules amakhulu, ukudla okwomile nokuphila. Futhi, ngeke bakwenqabele ukudla eqandisiwe, njenge-artemia. Ukuze izinhlanzi zifinyelele usayizi omkhulu kakhulu ezimweni zasemanzini, kunconywa ukulandela ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukunikeza ukudla okuhlala njalo bukhoma.
Umthambo womlomo we-parsing mncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukudla okubukhoma kufanele kube kuncane.
Ukuvumelana
Ama-Parses anomusa omkhulu, ngakho-ke ayakwazi ukuhlangana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinokuthula: i-neon, i-tetra, encane, i-guppy. Ungazitshale ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu nezizingelayo, ezinjengama-cichlid, amasaka amakhulu nama-piranhas, zingathatha isiqalo ku-aquarium ngokudla. Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono ukugcina izinhlanzi emihlambini, okungenani ukuhlaziywa kwe-10, lokhu kuzobasiza bazivumelanise nendawo yabo yokuhlala entsha ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufunda esikoleni kuhlinzeka ngombala ogqamile, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa, okuhlala kubukelwa abesifazane.
Ukusakaza
Lapho uhlela ukwanda, gcina imithetho eminingana:
- Ukuze uthole izinhlobo zokuzalela sebenzisa umthamo wamalitha ayi-5 - 8. Njengomhlaba odabulayo wokusabalalisa kweqembu, kunconywa ithangi elihlukile lamalitha okungenani angama-20. Ungakwazi ukuhlinzeka nge-aquarium noma ibhodlela lepulasitiki lomthamo ofanele.
- Amanzi kufanele abe phakathi kwama-26 - 28 degrees. Ubulukhuni bamanzi akufanele bwedlule i-3 - 4 dH, i-acidity ngaphakathi kwe-5 - 6 pH.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhlelwa kwesiqukathi, ungcwelise ngokucophelela.
- I-slurry ithululelwa ekulimeni okuvundile kokuzalela, ngaphandle kwe-1/4 yamanzi kufanele kuthululwe, ngokufakwa komhluzi we-peat. Ngenxa yalokhu, umthunzi wamanzi kufanele ubukeke njengetiye elibuthaka kancane.
- Phansi kunezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezinamaqabunga amakhulu, njenge-cryptocoryne. Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amancane ngeke zisebenze, ngoba insikazi izonamathisela amaqanda emaqabungeni. Ungakhohlwa ukucindezela izimpande zesitshalo ngamatshe amatshe ukuze izitshalo zingatheleli phezulu.
- Ithangi kufanele libe nokukhanya okuthambile, okungonakalisi.
- Izinga lamanzi ekuqhekekeni akufanele lidlule amasentimitha angama-20.
Ukusakaza
Imvamisa kuqhamuka iqembu lapho kuqhuma izinsikazi ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-3 kuthi abesilisa kube abathathu kuya ku-4. Ngaphambi kokusaphaza, zihlukaniswe ngamadamu ahlukene wezinsuku ezi-5 - 7, ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukondla ngomkhiqizo abakhiqizi ngokudla okubukhoma.
Ubunzima bungavela ekuzaleni, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinsikazi zivuthwa isikhathi esithile ngokushesha kunokuya kwabesilisa. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa abesilisa abanezinyanga ezimbalwa ubudala kunabesifazane.
Ngemuva kwesonto, izinhlanzi zihanjiswa ezindaweni ezinwebayo, kungcono ukukwenza lokhu kusihlwa. Imvamisa inqubo iqala ekuseni, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-1 - 2. Ngalesi sikhathi, amanzi asemanzini kufanele ahlanzeke ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokondla abazali besikhathi esizayo.
Ngenqubo yokunwebeka, owesilisa uvusa insikazi futhi ayicindezele iye emaqabunga abanzi ezitshalo. Uwabekela amaqanda, kuthi abesilisa basebenzise ngokushesha. Imvamisa inqubo yonke ayithathi isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili. Owesifazane oyedwa okhulelwe uyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-200 kuya kwangama-200 kwilitha elilodwa. Lapho nje isisu sakhe singenalutho, susa izinhlanzi ngokushesha emanzini, ngoba zibeka usongo olukhulu ku-caviar. Ukusakaza kufakwa endaweni emnyama, kumbozwe ngendwangu eminyene evela phezulu.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezingane
Ngemuva kwezinsuku 1.5 - 2, izibungu hatch kusuka amaqanda, ngokushesha iba nefry. Ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokuqala zokuphila kwabo, abadingi ukudla, ngoba badla nge-yolk sac. Okulandelayo, kuyadingeka ukwethula uthuli obukhoma, ama-ciliates, i-artemia noma ama-rotifers ekudleni. Uma kungekho kudla okufanelekile ongakuthola, ungondla ifry nge-yolk yenkukhu ebilisiwe. Ukukhetha oku-Fry kukhula ngokushesha, ngenyanga eyi-1 ikhula ibe ngu-1 cm ubude, bese kuthi izinyanga ezi-8 zifinyelele ekukhulelweni. Ukusiza i-fry ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ze-aquarium, kancane kancane ungene esikhundleni samanzi ukuze uthole amanzi anzima avela ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Gcina uhlanzekile e-aquarium ngo-gazinga, faka isihlungi esincane ne-aeration, faka iminenke embalwa ku-ampoule, bazokusiza ukuqeda ukudla okusele emanzini.
Uma uthanda izinhlanzi ezincane nezinhlanzi zasemanzini, uzizwe ukhululekile ukuqala umhlambi wokuhlaziywa kwebala le-cuneiform. Akunzima ukunakekela izakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi kuzokunikeza imizwelo eminingi emihle.
Ungazalela kanjani ama-parsing
Impumelelo ekwaziseni i-parsing ikakhulukazi inqunywa ukuqeqeshwa kwabakhiqizi. Okokuqala, okungenani imihlambi emibili yefry kufanele ithengwe kuma-olwandle ahlukene. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyehluka ngeminyaka yenyanga ngamabili noma amathathu. Ama-Flocks agcinwa kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene zasemanzini.
Abesifazane bezimpawu ze-cuneiform bavuthiwe ngaphambili kunabesilisa futhi eneminyaka engu-6-7 izinyanga sebevele bezama ukuqala imidlalo yokuzalela. Ngemuva kokufinya amalambu, banamathela ohlangothini lwabesilisa, njengokungathi bamema ukubamba iqhaza kulemikhosi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo, kuphenduka kubheke phansi bese kulingisa ukubeka amaqanda (kwesinye isikhathi izindonga ze-aquarium zisetshenziselwa lokhu).
Kodwa-ke, abesilisa abaneminyaka efanayo abakakulungeli ukuzalaniswa. Kwesinye isikhathi baze babambe iqhaza emidlalweni, kepha ukusukela kubhangqini obunjalo, njengomthetho, akunakulindela.
Abesilisa kufanele babe nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, banciphile, banemibala egqamile, mhlawumbe bevela kwelinye ipulazi le-aquarium.
Abakhiqizi besikhathi esizayo kufanele bahlale ngezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Zigcinwa ekushiseni okungama-23-24 ° C futhi zondliwe ngama-cyclops, ama-cellworm amancane, "amadimoni amancane", i-enchitrea noma i-grindal. Njengokugqoka okuphezulu kwesitshalo, kuhle ukunikeza amahlumela aqothulwe kakolweni omile, ocebile ngo-Vitamin E.
Amanzi wokuhlaziya okusanda kwenziwa
Manje mayelana nokulungiselela amanzi kokuhlanza. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi amadala avela ku-aquarium enebhalansi yemvelo emisiwe. Kudluliswa nge-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza kanye nekota yomthamo wepompo oxazululiwe namanzi afakelweyo ayengezwa ukwehlisa ubulukhuni kuya ku-2-5 ° (amaqanda awanamatheli kangako emanzini anzima). Kungcono ukufezekisa i-acidity edingekayo (pH 6-6.5) ngosizo lwe-alder izithombo, umhluzi we-peat, hhayi ngokufakwa kwe-phosphoric acid.
Amanzi kufanele athathe umbala wetiyi ekhishwa kancane. Ukunxenxa amanzi anxazonke kwewashi kuyinto efiselekayo.
Isonto ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa, i-heater, inetha nezitshalo kufanele kufakwe kuleyo hider. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imichilo emise okomendo wedada inamathela amaqanda ohlangothini olungaphansi lwamaqabunga, ingxenye yayo iwela phansi futhi, uma inetha libonisa, lidliwa ngokushesha ngabazali. Ngokubona kwami, i-Thai fern isetshenziswa kangcono njengesiqalo sendabuko, esithinta kahle ikhwalithi yamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyabekezelela impela umthunzi futhi ibekezelela ukukhanyisa okungalungile ekuqhekekeni.
I-Stock Photo Cuneiform paring
Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amaqabunga ayo awonakele akhipha izinto ezinobuthi emanzini, ezingabhubhisa i-caviar noma zivikele nokuqhekeka.
Umthamo wokuskena uncike enanini labakhiqizi. Kumkhuba wami, bengisebenzisa ubhangqangi bobabili nomhlambi. Ngokunwetshwa kabili, isithombo esingamalitha ama-6-8 sekwanele; uma kuthathwa umhlambi, abantu abangu-8-10 kufanele babe namalitha ayi-15-20.
Ngokukhetha kokuqala (kuhle lapho kuba nokuzethemba kubakhiqizi), kutholakala i-caviar engaphansi kuneyesibili. Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngokubona kwami, akubona bonke abantu besifazane abavame ukubamba iqhaza ekuqandeni imihlambi, kepha yilabo kuphela lapho i-roe ihamba kahle khona. Kwabesifazane abanjalo, abesilisa bajaha kuqala. Abanye bonke kufanele badonsa amaqanda ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwama-cysts kuwo. Phakathi kwabesilisa, futhi, akuyena wonke umuntu osebenzayo: abanye babamba iqhaza ekusakazeni, abanye bazitika nge-caviar.
Kungcono ukufakela abakhiqizi abazalanayo abanamabala abanzi ukuba babhekeke kusihlwa, ngaphambi nje kokucima isibani, ukondla izinhlanzi okokugcina ekuseni. Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukushiya ubhangqa owodwa noma amabili. Ngemuva kokuvula i-heater, izinga lokushisa kufanele likhuphukele ku-26-27-27 С. I-Aeration kufanele incishiswe noma icishwe ngokuphelele okwesikhashana.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Spawning kuvame kakhulu ukuqala ngosuku olulandelayo, kodwa futhi kungahlala izinsuku ezingama-1-2. Izizathu zokubambezeleka kungaba ukungalungiseki kwezinhlanzi, noma izici zangaphandle: ukwakheka kwamanzi, izinga lokushisa, nengcindezi yomkhathi. Isimo sezulu esibi, esihambisana nengcindezi ephansi, imvula, inhlanzi, njengomthetho, aziqhamuki. Uma kungabikho ukuqhekeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3, kufanele uzame ukuwuvuselela. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu. Ungabeka ezinye izinsikazi ukuba ziphume, ungamiselela u-A, okuyingxenye yamanzi ngamanzi afanayo, kepha ngamazinga okushisa aphakeme (1-2 ° C). Kepha, ngombono wami, indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke ukwengeza amanzi (0.5-1 ilitha) kusuka kudesi, lapho ukuqhuma kusanda kudlula.
Imidlalo yokuhlanganisa imvamisa iqalwa ngowesifazane, kepha ngokushesha isinyathelo sidlulela kowesilisa. Ngesikhathi sokushayela kakhulu, insikazi ikhetha indawo eqabungeni lesitshalo lapho amaqanda angabekwa khona. Ngemuva kwalokho ijika ibheke phansi bese igaya amaqanda engaphansi kweshidi. Owesilisa, ogoba umzimba wesikazi, ufafaza ubisi nge-caviar. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi igwinya amaqanda amaningana - azikho ngaphezu kwezicucu eziyi-10 ku-clutch (futhi kwesinye isikhathi ayikona neyodwa).
Akuwona wonke amaqanda asala emaqabungeni. Ezinye zazo ziwela phansi, zinamathele kugridi, kepha zikhula ngokujwayelekile. Kuyaqabukela, ngokusobala, phakathi kwe-rut, izinhlanzi zibeka amaqanda ezindongeni ze-aquarium.
Ngokudalwa kwemihlambi, abesilisa abangasebenzi kanye nezinsikazi "ezingenalutho" ezingakashayi mkhuba, uma kungenzeka, zithathelwa indawo abanye abakhiqizi. Izinhlanzi zinothando olukhulu kangangokuba aziboni ukungenelela komshini wasolwandle, uma kungekude kakhulu. Abakhiqizi bendawo yokubhuka maduze bazokwazi ukubamba iqhaza ekusakazeni. Isikhathi saso sivame ukuba ngamahora angama-2-2,5. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbhangqwana olungiselelwe kahle unganikeza amaqanda angama-200, kepha ngokuvamile okuncane.
I-Stock Photo Cuneiform paring
Ekupheleni kokuhlwaywa, ukuhlaziya kufanele kuphinde kutyalwe ezindaweni ezahlukene zasemanzini - ngoba umphumela awukaziwa. Kulokhu, kungakuhle ukuthi ugwaze amaqanda asele nabesifazane. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokukhipha inhlanzi enetheni elimanzi noma ukulugoqa ngokotini olumanzi: ngesandla esisodwa bayibambe uqobo, enye ngesibambo sikotini esimanzi eduze nesisu ukusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni. Umsebenzi wonke kumele wenziwe kungakapheli umzuzu owodwa, uqiniseke ukuthi ama-gill ahlala emanzi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinsikazi zokubona amabala e-cuneiform zithambekele ekuthini zikhanye. Ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ngabe inzalo ayihlelwanga, kufanele itshalwe ukuze ikhule ukuze ivikele ukwakheka kwe-cyst. Izinhlanzi ezine-cyst egijima ziyafa.
ICaviar ukubona kwe-cuneiform ungesabi ukukhanya, kepha noma kunjalo kungcono ukungavumeli ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo. Ukufakwa kwesifutho esixubanisa amanzi nokwakha ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo emaqanda akulimalanga.
Kwesinye isikhathi, masisha ngemuva kokuhluma, yonke imidumba ye-caviar iba mhlophe. Lokhu kungenxa yokulungiselela okungalungile noma ukukhetha abakhiqizi abangaphumelelanga (amaqanda sowesifazane asedlulile, owesilisa akasebenzi, njll.).
Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi i-caviar, ebonakalayo ekuqaleni, imhlophe futhi ibuye inyakaze ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, okungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokwakheka okungafanele kwamanzi (ngokwesibonelo, kungashintsha ngenxa yokuthi kwakukhona ulwelwe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga e-Thai fern).
Futhi ekugcineni, inketho yesithathu: umphumela wokuklabha womabili muhle futhi ungalungile we-caviar, futhi isilinganiso phakathi kwabo singase sehluke kakhulu. Uma phakathi kwamaqanda amaningi amabi kukhona amaqanda asobala, khona-ke kunengqondo ukuhlukanisa amanzi, kuze kube yilapho sefu, uthele kwesinye isitsha bese ubeka isitshalo ngamaqanda abekwe emaqabunga. Amaqanda asobala awele ezansi adinga ukudluliselwa lapho, njengoba esewakhethile ngethambo lengilazi elincanyana (ngendlela, amaqanda amahle nawo angaba segridi).
Uma kungekho caviar emibi eyanele, kungcono ukushiya konke njengoba kunjalo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingangezwa emanzini - kuze kube nombala ogqamile.
Ngemuva kosuku, kuvela izibungu eziphuzi esikhundleni esikhulu. Babambelela odongeni, amaqabunga esitshalo, alala ezansi. Ukususa kancane, umuntu kufanele asuse ngokucophelela i-fern ne-net futhi, ukuze amanzi angonakalisi, ethule amakhoyili e-konster amabili noma amathathu azodla i-caviar emibi. Izibungu ezinamachashaza awathintwa yinkumba: lapho zithintekile, zigxumela ngasohlangothini ngaso leso sikhathi.Izinga lamanzi lingancishiswa libe amasentimitha angama-5-7.
Izinsuku ezine ngemuva kokuhluma, usuku ngaphambi kokuba izibungu zibhukuda, kungafakwa ukudla okuncane ku-sedimentator - ciliates, rotifers. Izibungu ezazintantaze ngosuku olulandelayo ngokushesha ziqala ukuthatha i-Artemia nauplii, kanti i-protozoa izosebenza njengokudla okuhle: phela, i-nauplii emanzini amasha ayiphile isikhathi eside.
Lapho unakekela izibungu, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa indlela enconywe ngumgcini wezinhlanzi wasolwandle odumile waseLeningrad V. Lamin. Amanzi anezibungu kufanele athululelwe ngokucophelela esitsheni esiyindilinga esingenalutho bese engafakwanga. Ngemuva kokuba amanzi eyekile, izibungu zizosakazeka kulo lonke lelivolumu, bese udoti uzoba phakathi nendawo, lapho ungaqoqwa khona kalula ngethanga noma ucwiliswe ngethafa elincanyana.
Ngenkathi izibungu zisesitsheni, okhipha imali kufanele agezwe kahle ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izithambisi zokwenziwa. Ngemuva kwalokho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uthele ngokucophelela amanzi ngezibungu kuwo, unezela amanzi amaningi okushisa afanayo (ngokulingana okulinganayo). Ngemuva kwayo yonke inqubo, izibungu kufanele zondliwe.
I-Stock Photo Cuneiform paring
Izibungu zikubekezelela kahle ukusebenza okunjalo, kuyadingeka kuphela ukuthi zinganamathele ezindongeni zomkhumbi.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, gazinga likhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokubhukuda, izindawo ezimnyama zingahlukaniswa ezinhlangothini zazo, futhi phansi komsila kukhona ukuhlangana okumnyama. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva, i-fry isivele ithatha i-daphnia encane. Ngeke ngincome ukubondla nge-cyclops encane: kanye ngenani elikhulu lomgibeli wamahhashi, kungadala ukulimala okukhulu ezinsizweni.
Eminyakeni yenyanga eyodwa kuphela, lapho gazinga liqine ngokwanele, banganikezwa ngenani elincane lalawa ma crustaceans. Ngemuva kwamanye amasonto amabili, lapho ukuthosa kufinyelela isentimitha esisodwa nesigamu, ishubhu elinonisiwe lingafakwa ekudleni, kepha akunakwenzeka ukulinika okuningi noma kunjalo. Ama-brinkle aqukethe kanzima ama-chitinous amboza umzimba walezi zibungu angadala isifo samathumbu ngisho nokufa okukhulu kukaFry. Futhi-ke, njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, ngemuva kokuba ulutsha luguqulwe ukuba luondle ngebhubule, ukukhula kwalo kuyashesha.
Vele, umthamo wamanzi nawo uthinta izinga lokukhula. Amaviki amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemuva kokubhukuda gazinga, kufanele kudluliselwe e-aquarium ekhula kakhudlwana enewashi lezinsuku zamanzi elizungeza. Ukuhlunga kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlungi se-foam.
Cishe ezinyangeni ezine ubudala abesilisa besikhathi esizayo, ibala elimnyama liqala ukweluka engxenyeni engaphambili yangaphambili, ngezinyanga eziyi-6-7 liphela ezingeni eliphakathi kwamaphini we-pectoral ne-ventral. Phezu kwalolu sici, abesilisa babonakala ngomzimba omncane, izikhunta ezibanzi zangaphakathi kanye nombala okhanyayo wamaphiko we-dorsal and caudal.
Uma uhlela ukukhiqiza kabusha inhlanzi, khona-ke kusuka kuma-broods okuqala kungcono ukukhetha abesilisa ikakhulukazi. Ngemuva kokuqhekeka kathathu noma kane ngezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku ezingama-7-10, udinga ukuthatha ikhefu inyanga eyodwa kuya kwengxenye. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengomthetho, kuzoba ne-caviar emhlophe eningi, kepha lokhu makungakukhathazi: ngokuzayo isimo sizothuthuka. Iningi labesifazane likhethwa kusuka ku-fry etshalwe ngemuva kokuqhuma. Ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo, ukuze kwenziwe kabusha okujwayelekile, kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izinhlanzi ezivela kwelinye ipulazi le-aquarium.
Ukulungiswa kwesikhathi eside ukubona kwe-cuneiform kuma-aquarium ase-amateur kanye nokuzalanisa okuhlobene eduze okuhambisana nalokhu akukwazanga kodwa ukuthinta ukwakheka kwezindlela zokuguqula umzimba. Emuva ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-70s, bekukhona imibiko yokuhlaselwa kweveli kumamagazini aphesheya. Ama -ararists ethu ahlangane nezinhlanzi ngemisebe emide eyeqile yamangqangi akwembule ngotshani.
Owesifazane wami waphila isikhathi eside, lapho i-ray ephansi ye-caudal fin yaphakanyiswa, efana neyomuntu osenkemba. Noma kunjalo, amafomu weveli aqinile ukubona kwe-cuneiform ayikatholwa. Ngesinye isikhathi, ngenkathi ngibutha udoti esitsheni esimhlophe esingenamanzi lapho kwakachitheka khona amanzi asuka enhlabathini enamanzi amancanyana anamaviki amabili, ngabona i-Fry emine ebonakala ngokucacile isizinda esimhlophe ngombala wabo omnyama. Eminyakeni eyodwa yenyanga, lapho iningi lamathambo laseivele linombala njengabazali, laba abane babenombala ongwevu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yaqala ukugqama, futhi ngemuva kokufika ezinyangeni ezingama-5-6, izinhlanzi zazingasakwazi ukwahlukanisa nabalingani bazo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngomsebenzi ofanele wokuzalela, kuzokwazi ukuthola ukuhlukahluka okumnyama kwe-R. heteromorpha.
Yini amacala okugula
Imichilo emise okomshini ikhule ibe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kuyaqabukela igule. Noma kunjalo, umuntu kufanele agxile kwezifo lezi zinhlanzi ezivame kakhulu ukuba nazo.
I-Stock Photo Cuneiform paring
Okokuqala, babamba kalula umkhuhlane, futhi lapho okushisa kwamanzi ngaphansi kuka-20- 21 ° C besongelwa ngezifo zokukhunta. Ukwelapha kulula - vele ubeke inhlanzi emanzini amadala, ukhuphule izinga lokushisa lize lifinyelele ku-2 ° C - 30 ° C bese usungula okuhle. Kungcono ukwenza amabheshu amafushane wesikhashana (imizuzu eyi-10- 10) kusuka kusixazululo esipinki esibomvana se-potassium permanganate, esingashintshwa ngesisombululo se-sodium chloride - isipuni esingu-3/4 ilitha elilodwa lamanzi. Lezi zinyathelo zikuvumela ukuthi uqede lesi sifo zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-3-5.
Isimo siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ne-oodiniosis, lapho izinhlanzi nazo zizwela kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa nge-bicillin-5 kuyasebenza. Ukuvimbela, ezindaweni ezikhula emanzini ezinamanzi amaningi, kunconywa ukufaka usawoti - isipuni esisodwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Ukuqunjelwa kusabela kakhulu ekushintsheni kwamakhemikhali wamakhemikhali. Njengoba sebewe endaweni ephakathi ye-acidic ethambile futhi enobudlova ngokuphendula kwe-alkaline, bathola ukwethuka, okungabulala. Ngisho nokufakelwa okusheshayo emanzini okunamapharamitha amahle akuhlali kusindisa izinhlanzi.
Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu ukubona kwe-cuneiform - Ukuhlaziywa kweHengel (R. hengcli Mcinken, 1956). Ngomumo ofanayo womzimba, izinhlanzi zinosayizi omncane (kufika ku-3.5 amasentimitha) nombala ogqamile, oqina kakhulu lapho kuqhuma. Indawo ebunjiwe bhaji kubo ayikhulunywa kangako futhi kunalokho ibukeka njengengubo emnyama, ehlangana nomsila. G. Frey uveza ubunyoninco bokuziphatha okusazekayo kwezinsikazi zalezi zinhlanzi: ukuze ihehe owesilisa ukuba uvele, zijikeleza “izembe” lazo njalo. Ukuhlaziywa kukaHengel, njengezici ezinomumo wedonsa, kubeka amaqanda engaphansi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo zasemanzini. Ngeshwa, akukho mibiko ngokuvela kwalezi zinhlanzi ezihehayo eRussia.
Incazelo
Lezi zinhlanzi zingakhonjwa kalula yizicubu zazo eziphakeme, ezifufushiwe kamuva nethafa elimnyama elingunxantathu, kancane kancane zixhuma ngemuva komzimba zifinyelele esisekelweni senhlawulo ye-caudal. Igama lesiLatini lohlobo luhunyushiwe - ibala elingunxantathu.
Iphethini enesici kwakuyisizathu segama labo lesiNgisi - i-harlequin paring.
Ukuziphatha kanye nokuvumelana
Amasheya agqoke imibala yokwahlukahlukana ayizilwane ezifuyayo, futhi uma uzigcina zodwa e-aquarium, ziyethuka, ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke ubukhazikhazi bemibala, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, zivele kuphela phambi kwabantu bohlobo lwazo.
Ukuzala
Emvelweni, izinhlobo eziningi ziyavela ngamaqembu amakhulu.
Abamele le nhlobo bahlukile kwi-biology yokuzala. Ngokungafani nokuhlaziywa okunye, ngesikhathi sokuhluma kumane kusakaze amaqanda awo, amaqanda ahlukaniswe njengama-wedge anamathela amaqanda angaphansi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo zasemanzini.
Ukufuya lezi zinhlanzi kunzima kakhulu. Ukuvuthwa kwenhlanzi kufinyelela ezinyangeni eziyi-7-10, ngokuya ngezimo zokuboshwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele zithunyelwe ku-spawn. Ebhokisini elilungile, owesilisa kufanele abe mdala enyangeni kunowesifazane. Izinsuku eziyi-10-12 ngaphambi kokuhluma, abakhiqizi (abekho ngaphezu kwabesilisa abangu-2 nabesilisa abangama-3-4) kudingeka batshalwe futhi bondliwe kaningi, okungcono ngephephezeli legazi. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlanzi izosejwayela ukukha amanzi, okuhluke kancane kumapharamitha ayo ukusuka ku-aquarium.
Umthamo osaphazayo kufanele okungenani ube amalitha angama-30. Ukuba khona okuphoqelekile kwezitshalo ezinwebekile, isibonelo, i-Thai fern noma i-cryptocoryne. Izitshalo zokusabalalisa kufanele zigezwe kahle, futhi i-aquarium kumele ibulawe amagciwane. Phansi kokonga amaqanda kufanele kufakwe igridi. Izinga lamanzi eliqhakaza alikho ngaphezu kwama-20 cm. Amapharamitha wamanzi ku-aquarium efundayo anjengokulandelayo: ubulukhuni - 4, pH 5.5 -6.5, izinga lokushisa 26 - 28 ° C. Amaconsi abukhali awavunyelwe. Amanzi avuthiwe kufanele ahlungiswe ngokufakwa kwe-peat kumbala wetiyi eluhlaza. Ukukhanyisa kungcono kuguquguquka. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi iqhuma ngokukhanya okukhanyayo.
Uma izimo ezidalwe ezindaweni ezinwebekayo zinhle, owesilisa uqala ukucindezela insikazi phansi, ezungeza ngaphezu kwakhe. Ngokushesha insikazi izoqala ukubhukuda ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga ezitshalo, ngesinye isikhathi ithathe indawo ibheke phezulu. Kungekudala owesilisa uzomjoyina. Uzimboza umzimba wakhe, emva kwalokho insikazi ibeka amaqanda amaningana, ngokushesha inamathela emaqabungeni. Konke kuyaphindwa kaningi. Enye ingxenye yamaqanda isazowela phansi ngaphansi kwe-aquarium, ngaphansi kwetha. Emahoreni angama-1.5-2 wokuluka, insikazi ingakhukhula amaqanda angama-300.
Ngemuva kokushibilika, izinhlanzi zidinga ukuphindiselwa ku-aquarium, futhi izindonga zokuswayeka zimnyama. Izibungu ziqhamuka ngemuva kwamahora angama-36, kuthi uFry akwazi ukubhukuda futhi adle ngosuku lwe-5 lokuphila. Njengondlela yokuqalisa, udinga ukusebenzisa i-zooplankton encane kunazo zonke: i-brine shrimp kanye ne-daphnia. Njengoba ukuthosa kuhlukaniswa yisifiso esihle sokudla, kudingeka ondliwe kaningana ngosuku. Ngemuva kwalokho ekudleni kwabo kuzokwazi ukwengeza ukudla okomile okhethekile. I-fry esekhulile ingadla ekudleni okuphathelene nobumba, i-corvette, i-enchitrea, izinhlwayiana ezincane zegazi, izivunguvungu, udaphnia, ubuciko bezinzwa Izandla zeminwe zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
I-Parsing Heteromorph noma i-Sphenoid (Trigonostigma heteromorpha)
Isifiso eside sezinhlanzi zasekhaya, umlando wokuqukethwe kwawo uqhubeke iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Kwabaningi bezazi zasemanzini, igama lokuhlaziywa lihlotshaniswa nale nhlobo ethile, yize, njengoba sesazi, ingummeleli omkhulu kakhulu waleli qembu. Lesi sikhulu kunazo zonke kufika ku-5 cm futhi mude kunakho konke ukubonwa kwe-cuneiform. Umbala opinki, ibala elimnyama le-wedge, kusukela phakathi komzimba, ububanzi, uthepha ngokulinganayo kuya emsileni. Ezintombini kuchazwe ngokucacile, kwabesifazane kufiphele, kube ne-apex ephansi eyindilinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesilisa bahlukaniswa yimali ebomvu ekhanyayo ebomvu. Izinhlobo zidlangile eThailand, eMalaysia, eSumatra naseKalimantan.
I-Parsing Espei (Trigonostigma espei)
Ihluke kohlobo lwangaphambilini ngokungezelela okuhle, ithoni yombala obomvu-obomvu, omfishane futhi ophakeme ngebala elicijile elicijile, okusikhumbuza ibala lommese (ngesiNgisi, le nhlanzi ibizwa nge- 'lambchop rasbora'). Izinhlanzi ezinokuthula zesikole se-aquarium eyabiwe ngamachashazi anamathunzi. Izitshalo eziminyene njengezindawo zokukhosela: izitshalo ezinamabala obanzi namanzi athambile, acwebile we-peaty. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zodwa zalolu hlobo: enye iseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeThailand, enye iseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe, emngceleni neCambodia. Umbala ungahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngendawo.
Ubude: ayidluli ku-3.5 cm.
Amanzi: lokushisa 23- 28 C, pH kancane acidic ngaphansi 7, mnene, dn 2-10.
Ukudla: kuphila, kufriziwe futhi komile.
Ububanzi: eThailand, eCambodia.
I-Parsing Somfongsi (Trigonostigma somphongsi)
Ummeleli omncane kakhulu wohlobo, ofinyelela kubude obungama-3 cm kuphela, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ubonakala ngomzimba omncane kakhulu ophakeme, wokushayela. Ibala likhula kancane nje ngaphambili futhi kungenzeka ukuthi limelela umucu omude ukusuka esisekelweni somsila kuya engxenyeni ephakathi yomzimba. Ingxenye yayo yangaphambili izungezwe wukukhanya kwemibala ephuzi, ithoni yombala iyigolide ngokuphelele. Uhlobo aluvamile ngokwemvelo futhi imininingwane yokusatshalaliswa kwalo idinga ukucaciswa. Kuyaziwa ngokuhlala endaweni ethile kwezinye izindawo ezisentshonalanga yeThailand.
Ukubona indawo ye-Wedge kuyisinqumo esihle se-aquarium ejwayelekile nezinhlobo zezilwane;
Umsoco
Ukuzalanisa iziqeshana ezimise okombala kanye nokuphila kwayo okude, udinga ukondla izinhlanzi kahle. Ukondliwa kwama-heteromorphs ahlukahlukene: i-phenotype idla kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokudla, kufaka phakathi isitshalo, ukudla okukhona nokubandayo. Ukuze izindatshana zikhule futhi zijabulise ngombala ogqamile, izilwane ezifuywayo zihlala zinikezwa ukudla:
- I-Artemia
- ushizi we-grated
- ushizi wekotishi onamafutha amancane
- granules owomile kanye namapheshana,
- imvuthuluka yesinkwa esimhlophe
- semolina
- ukopha,
- umenzi washubhu.
Ukudla kumele kube nokulinganiselayo, futhi okuphakelayo kungumhlabathi ngaphambi kokusebenzela. Umlomo wezinhlanzi mncane, ngakho konke ukudla kufanele kube kungashisi kakhulu.
Ukuzala
Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuzalanisa ama-cuneiform ukubonwa kuyindaba eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa empeleni abukho ubunzima kulokhu. Ukuze uqhume, kudingeka kuphela ukuhlinzeka izinhlanzi ngezimo ezifanele. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka e-aquarium ehlukile.
- ivolumu - 6-8 l,
- izinga lokushisa lamanzi - 26C - 27C,
- acidity - kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-6 pH,
- ukuqina - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-3 dH.
Amanzi asetshenziselwa ithangi lokudonsela amanzi ayalungiswa, ngokufakwa komhluzi we-peat. Izitshalo zikhethwa ngamahlamvu amakhulu, ukuze i-parsing ikwazi ukubeka amaqanda. Ukukhanya kukhanya kuthambile, kufiphele. Ngaphambi kokuzalela i-parsing, isitsha siyahlanzwa futhi sikhishwe amagciwane.
Ubunzima kuphela ekuzaliseni i-heteromorphs ukuthi amantombazane avuthiwe ngaphambili kunabafana, ngakho-ke imibhangqwana iyakha, ilande abesilisa abadala kunabezinyanga ezimbalwa. Abazali besikhathi esizayo bathuthelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho insikazi ibekela amaqanda, emva kwalokho izinhlanzi zisuswa masinyane endaweni ecashile ukusindisa i-fry yesikhathi esizayo. I-aquarium enezingane imbozwe ngendaba eminyene, futhi ibekwe endaweni emnyama.
Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, kuvela izinhlanzi ezincane ekukhanyeni, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu, ama-olwandle aqala ukondla lo mkhaza, awanikeze ama-ciliates, i-artemia kanye nama-rotifers. Futhi, abanikazi bahlala bebheka inhlanzeko yendawo yokugcina amanzi, bevuselela uketshezi futhi befaka ukufilitha nokukhuculula. Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili, i-fry yakheka ngokuphelele futhi ivuthwe ngokocansi.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezifo ezinjenge-wedge
Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, ama-heteromorphs awavami ukugula, kepha kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinhlanzi ezinokungazinzi komzimba zibamba umkhuhlane. Izifo ezivame kakhulu zokuhlanza yilezi:
- Amakhaza - lapho izinga lokushisa lehlika ngaphansi kwe-20C, izinhlanzi zibamba umkhuhlane, futhi zibhekana nezifo zokukhunta. Nge-prophylaxis, izilwane ezifuywayo zihanjiswa e-aquarium enamanzi axazululiwe futhi izinga lokushisa lenyuka laya ku-27C.
- I-Oodiniosis - kulokhu, i-bicillin-5 iyelashwa.
Izinhlanzi zihlangabezana nengcindezi enkulu ngokushintsha okubukhali kobulukhuni bamanzi. Lapho isisendaweni enezimo ezingafanele, izindwani zizwa ukungahambi kahle, okuholela ekufeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwamanzi kubhekwe ngokucophelela kusetshenziswa izinsimbi zokulinganisa zokuqapha.
Ukuhlaziywa okwenziwe nge-Wedge - inhlanzi ehambayo nesebenzayo, kokuqukethwe lapho kunezikhathi eziningi ezimnandi nezihehayo. Ama-Heteromorphs awathobeki, azalela kalula futhi ajabulise abantu basasemanzini ngokugcwala okukhulu kwesikali namaphiko. Inhlanzi eshisayo eshisayo enegama elihle ingahlobisa noma yiliphi ichibi lokufakelwa.