I-apistogram ye-ramirezi ingummeleli omfushane womndeni we-cichlid. Izindawo zokudabuka: imifula ye-Orinaco ne-Amazon. Ezindaweni zayo zemvelo, ukugeleza kwamanzi okubuthakathaka. Kwakunokungahambi kahle ngamagama enhlanzi. Igama lesiLatini liyi-microgeophagus ramirezi, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-apistogram kaRamirez, uvemvane we-cichlid, uvemvane i-chromis.
Ukubukeka
Umzimba we-apistogram ubukeka ungejwayelekile. Inhlanzi incane ngosayizi: ifinyelela ku-5 cm ku-aquarium, ngokwemvelo - ifinyelela ku-8 cm. Umbala ugcwele, kunemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yomnqumo nephuzi. Emzimbeni, ekhanda nasemafini kukhona iphethini yamachashazi acwebezelayo. Imivimbo yombala omnyama itholakala ekhanda nesisu. Amaphiko aphezulu. Imisebe yokuqala ye-dorsal fin imnyama. Izimvemvane zinamehlo amakhulu abomvu.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Ezimweni ezinhle nakuma-26 degrees, i-ramirezi ihlala iminyaka emi-4. Ku-27-30 degrees uphila iminyaka emi-3. Emanzini apholile, athambekele ezifweni, ngakho-ke ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa akuvamisi isikhathi sokuphila kwezimvemvane.
Amathangi aqukethe ukubukeka kwemvelo kwama-ramirezi nezindlela zokuzalela. Ukuvikela ukungasebenzi okuthuthukile kune-apistogram yemvelo.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
I-apistogram iyi-turquoise egcwele, ingxenye engaphambili ibomvu. Ukuqina kwemibala ye-ramist apistogram kuya ngezimo zokuvalelwa nokukhanya. Amanzi amahle we-neon. Iphila iminyaka emi-2. Futhi ebizwa nge-ramirezi blue neon.
Iveli
Indlela yokukhetha uvemvane uRamirez. Imibala enemibala eminingi nemibala emide yeveli ikwenza kube yinhlanzi ekhangayo kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimnyama, obomvu, onsomi nphuzi zitholakala emzimbeni. Imigqa ebonakaliswa yamaphuzu we-neon nayo igcinwe.
Inhlabathi
Phansi, faka isihlabathi noma amatshe ahlanzekile, ama-apistilitha ngesinye isikhathi ayimba. Amatshe abukhali namakhulu angalimaza inhlanzi.
Izimvemvane zifuna ikhwalithi yamanzi. Nikeza izinhlanzi ezihlanzekile zamanzi, azibekezeleli i-turbidity kanye noshintsho olubukhali lwamapharamitha. E-40-80 L aquarium, shintsha ingxenye yamanzi izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto ngo-10-16%. Emathangini amakhulu, yenza izinguquko ezingamamanzi hhayi ngaphezulu kwesonto. Ungavumeli ukunyakaza okuqinile kwamanzi.
ukuqina | 5–12 dGH (amanzi athambile) |
acidity | 6.5-7.5 ph |
lokushisa kwamanzi | 26-30 degrees |
Isibani
Inhlanzi i-apistogram ithobela ukukhanya. Khetha ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuphezulu okuzoba nokunethezeka ngezinhlanzi nezitshalo. Qiniseka ukuthi isibani asishisi amanzi amaningi. Imibala yezinhlanzi iziveza kangcono ekukhanyiseni okubanzi okubonakalayo. Ungangeza isibani esikhethekile esithuthukisa umbala. Gwema izibani ze-incandescent, ukwakheka kwazo okubonakalayo nokudlulisela ukushisa akulungele i-aquarium enama-apistograms.
Izitshalo
Dala izindawo ezibunjiwe ngezitshalo ezintantayo:
I-aquarium enama-apistograms iqukethe noma iziphi izitshalo. Nikeza ukukhetha izitshalo eziluhlaza:
Izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga abomvu (i-ludwig, i-cryptocoryne) azinqweneleki, kanti nazo izinhlotshana zebhabhathane zibukeka zincane.
Ukuphathwa kweHabitat
Beka imishini edingekayo:
- isihlungi sangaphandle noma sangaphakathi
- compressor
- i-heater.
Okuthunyelwe okwabiwe yi-Aquarium Speciaalzaak Utaka (@utakaamersfoort) ngoMeyi 15, 2018 ngo-1: 55 pm PDT
Beka amatshe amnyama ambalwa emhlabathini ukuze uqhume. Ukuze uzuze ukufana nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo, engeza izigaxa ze-alder, amaqabunga e-alimondi nezimpande zezihlahla. Futhi kufanelekile njengemihlobiso:
Gwema izinto zensimbi eziguqula ukwakheka kwamanzi.
Ukunakekelwa uvemvane okugunyaziwe kufaka phakathi:
- ukuguqulwa kwamanzi masonto onke,
- ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi lamanzi,
- siphon yenhlabathi
- Ukudla okuhlukahlukene
- ukutholwa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo,
- nokugcina izinhlaka zamanzi ezizinzile.
Hlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwenhlabathi ngokushintshwa kwamanzi kwamasonto onke. Kanye ngesonto, ukukala i-ammonia ngokuhlolwa kwamanzi.
Ukondla
Ama-Butterflies athambekele ekudla ngokweqile, ngakho-ke fisa izinhlanzi ukudla okuningi njengoba zidla emizuzwini emi-5. Ngemuva kokondla, susa izinhlayiya zokudla ezingabonakali. Inhlanzi eyisimangaliso ikuvumela ukuba ubenzele ukudla okuhlukahlukene.
Ukudla okuqandisiwe noku bukhoma kufanelekile:
Izinhlobo zokudla okunempilo ngokudla kwemifino:
- ama-dandelions
- nettle
- iklabishi
- ukhukhamba
- okuphakelayo okunophawu.
Sebenzisa okuphakelayo okwomile njengesengezo ekudleni kwakho.
Isifo
Ukuqina noma ukungahambelani kwemingcele kuholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo ezinhlanzini zebhabhathane:
- ichthyophthyroidism (semolina),
- hexamitosis
- isifo sofuba
- i-lymphocystosis
- ubuthi nge-ammonia, chlorine,
- iridovirus.
Izifo ziphathwa ngezimo ezithuthukisiwe namalungiselelo avela esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Okuhlukile yisifo sofuba esingelashwa ngemishanguzo kanye nesisombululo se-vithamini B6 (yehla ngamalitha angama-20 amanzi). Ama-apistograms ajwayele ukukhuluphala kanye nokuvuvukala kwepheshana lesisu ngenxa yokudla kakhulu.
Izici zobulili
Ama-apistogram afinyelela ebuntwaneni ezinyangeni ezingama-4-6, lapho ekhula aze afike ku-3 cm ubude. Owesilisa uhlukile kowesifazane:
- usayizi omkhulu
- ukhombe ubude obude bomsonto, imisebe yesibili neyesithathu ende,
- umbala omkhulu kakhulu - uphawu lokuvuma ukuvela,
- isisu se-orange, kowesifazane kukhona okusajingijolo.
Ukumatanisa
Eduze nokuthomba kokuthomba, abesilisa baqala ukuhlukanisa insimu futhi balwe ngokungahambi nesihluku esikhethekile. Kunzima ukuhlinzeka inhlanzi ngebhangqa elifanele. Izinsikazi nezowesilisa zihlaliswe ndawonye akunakwenzeka ukuthi ziqhume, izimvemvane ngokwazo kufanele zikhethe umlingani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka umhlambi wabantu abangu-6-10. Ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo nemidlalo yokuhlobanisa, izinhlanzi zakha ngazimbili.
Ukusakaza
Faka izinhlanzi ezifuywayo zibe yi-aquarium etholakalayo engama-20 l bese udala izimo ezifanele kuyo:
- ubukhona bezindawo ezifulethi
- iziqu zezitshalo
- izinga lokushisa liphakeme ngamadigri angama-1-2 kune-aquarium ejwayelekile,
- ukukhanya
- amanzi athambile.
Shintsha amanzi akho njalo bese ubheka ikhwalithi yalo. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinsikazi zitholakala kalula ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Kuyabonakala ukuthi ama-cichlid abeka amaqanda hhayi ematsheni asicaba nje kuphela, kodwa nasemakhamelweni nasezimbizeni. Owesifazane okhulelwe ubekela amaqanda angama-50-400. Imvamisa abazali banakekela inzalo futhi bayigade ngokucophelela, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi zidla i- caviar. Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-aquarium, ama-apistograms kancane kancane alahlekelwa yimvelo yobuzali bawo. Ngemuva kwalokho amaqanda adluliswa futhi afakwe ngaphakathi. Izibungu ziqhamuka emaqanda emva kwezinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-2.
Fry
Ngemuva kokubopha inzalo, yehlisa kancane kancane izinga lokushisa ekuqhekekeni. Izinsuku ezinhlanu zokuqala zowesilisa ziyaqhubeka zivikela i-gry, khona-ke ungabuyisela insikazi e-aquarium ejwayelekile. Okuphakelayo grey apistogram ramirezi:
- I-Artemia
- iziphepho
- ciliates
- microworm
- ama-feed akhethekile.
Intengo yengcezu eyodwa kuya ngosayizi wenhlanzi.
Ubukhulu (cm) | Intengo (ama-ruble waseRussia) |
3 | 145–195 |
4 | 210 |
5 | 300 |
Ukubuyekezwa
Kuma-aquarists ahlukene, inhlanzi iziveza ngendlela yayo. Ukuhlangenwe nakho kukhombisa ubudlelwane obuhlukile nomakhelwane bezinye izinhlobo. Omunye uphawula ukuthi i-apistogram ihlala ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi, abanye bavame ukuqaphela inhlanzi igobela emhlabathini.
Amathiphu
- Khetha ama-hydraum ashisayo athembekile. Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-degree angama-20 uma kwenzeka kuvaleka imishini kuzoholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi.
- E-aquarium ephakathi nendawo, gcina usayizi weqembu lowesilisa nowesifazane abathathu.
- Nikeza ukukhetha ekuhlunga kwangaphandle, kuhlunga amanzi anamandla ngokwengeziwe.
- Ngokudla okubukhoma, izimuncagazi zingangeniswa ku-aquarium. Njalo ukucubungula ukudla ngaphambi kokusebenzela. Ukudla okuneqhwa kuphephile, ngoba ukuqandisa kubulala kakhulu izinto ezingafuneki.
- Lapho uthenga ukudla kwe-ramirezi, njalo ubheke usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Okuphakelayo kufanele kube sezingeni eliphezulu.
- Khetha isizinda esimnyama nesisekelo se-aquarium enezimvemvane. Ngemuva kwalokho akukho okuzophazamisa ekubukeni kwezinhlanzi ezihehayo.
Inhlanzi azizange zidideke hhayi ngamagama kuphela, kodwa futhi nakulolo hlobo. Uhlobo lwebhabhathane le-apistogram lalidluliselwa kaningana ososayensi kusuka kolunye uhlobo kuya kolunye. Ekuqaleni, ama-ramirezis ahlukaniswa ngokuthi ama-apistogram, kamuva abizwa ngokuthi ama-microgeophaguses, bese kuba yi-pseudo-histograms ne-pseudo-geophaguses. Kamuva i-ramirezis yaphinde yaba yi-microgeophaguses.
Izinhlanzi
I-Apistogram ramirezi butterfly - inhlanzi encane - 5-7 cm.
Umzimba wakhe uphakeme kunowamanye ama-cichlid, aphakama kancane, futhi athambile ezinhlangothini. Buyela emuva phezulu . Ikhanda elincane .
Umbala uncike ezinhlobonhlobo, kepha imvamisa ngombala onsomi ngokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ibunzi kanye nengaphezulu lekhanda kuya emlonyeni kubomvu.
Amabala amnyama akhiwa ekhanda nasemhlane, akha imivimbo emincane eminingana. Imvamisa enye yazo idlula iso. Amabala anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka atholakala eduze komzimba namaphiko.
Isithombe sama-apistograms we-ramirezi sibonisa ukwahluka nobuhle bezinhlobo zemvelo nezinezimbali:
Ibhaluni inomzimba oyindilinga , faka umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nge-tint ephuzi, epinki ngokufiphaza obomvu kwamaphinifa nemisho emnyama.
URamistrez Apistogram oluhlaza okwesibhakabhakaoluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ephenduka i-orange ekhanda nebubende esiswini. Izinhlanzi zincanyana, azivamile ukukhula ngo-2,5 cm.
Igolide linombala okhanyayo okhanyayo namabala aluhlaza emsileni nasezinhlangothini. Kwabesilisa, i-fin inombala we-orange.
I-veil apistogram ramirezi zihlukile ngenani lemibala : opinki othambile, ophuzi, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owolintshi, o-violet, omnqumo, okombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuhlangana emzimbeni nezikhumba zakhe. Umbala womnyama uhlanganiswa amachashazi anemibala emnyama nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Emvelweni, ahlala echibini elishisayo elingashoni.
Ukuze ube ntofontofo, into esemqoka ukugcina izinga lamanzi.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
Kuma-fish ambalwa udinga i-aquarium enevolumu ye hhayi ngaphansi kwamalitha angama-30 . Akunconyiwe ukuqala i-chromis eyodwa yam uvemvane, ngoba zizizwa zikhululekile kakhudlwana lapho okungenani zimbili zazo.
Isidingo esidingekayo siyindlela enhle yokuhlunga nokuhlunga.
Kanye ngesonto udinga ukwenza ushintsho lwamanzi ngesilinganiso esifinyelela kuma-25%.
Asikho isidingo sokumboza i-aquarium.
I-Apistogram ramirezi ayidingi indawo yokukhosela, ngakho-ke ingabekwa okuncane futhi kuphela ngomhlobiso.
Izitshalo ziyafiseleka. Ungakhetha noma yikuphi.
Qiniseka ukuthi ushiya isikhala esanele sokubhukuda, ngoba izinhlanzi ziyasebenza.
Azikho izidingo zokukhanyisa, kepha abanye abasebenza olwandle batusa ukufaka isibani esithuthukisa umbala ukuze ama-ramist apistograms abukeke emangalisa ngokwengeziwe.
Ukuhlangana kweRamistrez apistogram nezinye izinhlanzi
Yize iqiniso lokuthi ama-cichlid adume ngokuziphatha kwabo okunolaka, ama-ramirezi apistograms ahlala ngokuthula cishe nazo zonke izinhlanzi, ungacasuli nemfuyo.
Akufanele ukubanjwa i-ramirezi ene-turquoise Akara, ikatfish, melanotenia boeseman nezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu. Izinhlanzi ezihlasimulisayo, kanye nawo wonke umndeni wegolide, azilungele ukwenziwa cohabitation.
Omakhelwane abafanele : i-neon, i-tetra, i-gardner's afiosemion, i-zebrafish, inhlanzi ye-lalius, izinkemba ezibomvu, i-angelfish, i-discus, ama-parakeets kanye ameva.
Ama-apistograms we-ramirezi hhayi ukulimaza kuphela ezinye izakhamuzi ze-aquarium , kodwa futhi nezitshalo, ngakho-ke zilungele ama-herbalists.
Njengakwamanye ama-cichlids, ukuhlukunyezwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo kungenzeka, kepha ukuqina okunjalo kuyabonakala futhi akunayo imiphumela emibi.
Ubani uvemvane waseBolivia ohambelana nobani?
I-Apistogram Ramirezi iyi-cichlid enokuthula omakhelwane bayo bayizinhlanzi ezincane ezinokuthula: abathwali abaphilayo, ama-tetras, ama-neon, izinkemba, i-zebrafish, ameva, i-catfish enokuthula, i-lalius, i-gourami, i-angelfish, i-discus kanye namanye ama-cichlids anokuthula. IRamirezi ayimbiwa futhi ayinciphisi izitshalo ze-aquarium, okwenza ukuthi zikwazi ukuba nazo ku-herbalists.
Kepha khumbula ukuthi uvemvane i-chromis, yize incane, yi-cichlid, ebonakala ngokuhlukumezeka okungafani nokuzabalazela indawo. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kumele ibe ngosayizi ofanele.
Isikhathi sokuphila
E-aquarium enamazinga okushisa amanzi angama-25 degrees, i-apistogram izophila iminyaka engaba ngu-4, futhi emanzini, izinga lokushisa lakhona lingama-degree angama-27- 28, iminyaka emi-2 kuphela. Lapho ukhetha omakhelwane, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-butterfly chromis ithanda amanzi afudumele, ngakho-ke omakhelwane kufanele futhi bathande ukushisa. Ekwehleni okuncane kokushisa kwamanzi, baqala ukuhlushwa yi-ichthyophthyroidism (semolina).
Izimo zezinhlanzi:
- E-aquarium, kufanele kube khona i-aerator nesihlungi.
- Njalo ngeviki, gcoba inhlabathi bese ubeka amanzi angama-25%.
- Uvemvane Bolivia ungagxili, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukumboza i-aquarium ngesivalo.
- Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, udinga ukufaka isibani esikhethekile esizokhulisa umbala wezinhlanzi. Kungaba isibani seMarin Glo.
- Ungatshala noma yiziphi izitshalo ku-aquarium.
- Ngokuqondene nokwakheka, bese usebenzisa ama-grottoes, i-driftwood, amatshe. Into esemqoka ukuthi konke lokhu kufanele kutholakale ukuze izilwane ezifuywayo zibe nendawo eyanele yokubhukuda.
Ama-apistograms adlani?
Emvelweni, uvemvane lwe-chromis lidla izinhlobo zezinto ezincane ezincane izitshalo ezingazithola emhlabathini. Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium kufanele zondliwe ngohlobo lwegazi elibandayo, i-brine shrimp, umenzi washubhu, kanye ne-corvette. Badla okusanhlamvu ngokungagodli futhi granes, futhi kwesinye isikhathi bayenqaba ngokuphelele. Qaphela ukuthi inhlanzi isezolile, qiniseka ukuthi inesikhathi sokudla, ikakhulukazi uma kunezinhlanzi ezisebenzayo ezinjenge-zebrafish e-aquarium.
Ukukhula okusha okunamabala angakafundeki ezinhlangothini
Ukwehluka kobulili nokuzalanisa
Lapho nje kuqala ukuqhuma kwe-apistogram, abesilisa baba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisu sowesilisa singolawolintshi, kuthi lowesimame ubambe okusajingijolo. Kwabesilisa, imisebe yokuqala yamadali emnyama imnyama futhi iyadlula, imisebe engu-2-3 yinde kunabesifazane. Ngasohlangothini lwabesifazane, ibala elimnyama lizungezwe yi-paetki. Abesilisa bahlala beba bakhulu kunabesifazane. Izinhlanzi zifinyelela ekukhulelweni kweminyaka yobudala engu-4-6. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude bawo bomzimba bu-3 cm.
Khumbula ukuthi izinhlanzi zivila, zingadla amaqanda abekwe, noma ngeke zibanakekele. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, udinga ukukhetha ngokucophelela abakhiqizi. Abashadikazi abakhethiwe bazoba ndawonye kuyo yonke iminyaka yabo yokuzala. Ungazalela izinhlanzi e-aquarium ngenani lamalitha ayi-15. Ngezansi, kubalulekile ukubeka isihlabathi sengxenyeni enkulu, amatshe anendawo ephansi. Faka izitshalo eziningi ku-aquarium. Thela 8-10cm wamanzi, yenza ukugeleza okubuthakathaka. Ngokuqondene namanzi, kufanele kube amayunithi angama-0,0-0.3 ane-acidic eyengeziwe kanye nama-1-2 degrees afudumele kunakwindawo evamile.
Ukusuka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, engeza amanzi amasha athambile ekuqhekekeni nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angama-50 kuya kwangama-400 endaweni evulekile. Lapho kubekwa i-caviar, owesilisa nowesifazane bayayinakekela. Bahlala behlunga i-caviar, badle kubi, futhi konke okunye kungadlula kusuka endaweni kuya kwenye.
Ngemuva kwamahora angama-45-80 (konke kuya ngesimo sokushisa samanzi ekuqhekekeni), kuvela izibungu uvemvane lwaseBolivia. Izinsuku ezingama-5-7 zizidla ngokwazo kushukela ophuzi. Izinsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa, izibungu azihambi, bese owesilisa ezixuba. Ngemuva kwesonto, izibungu ziba nefry. Ngalesi sikhathi, abazali bahlala phansi. Futhi gazinga ziqala ukondla ukudla okwomile nophilayo.
Okuqukethwe kwama-Apistograms uRamirezi ku-aquarium
Ubukhulu obuncane kanye nenhlobo yezinhlanzi ezinokuthula zivumela ukuba zigcinwe endaweni eyi-aquarium enamanani wamalitha angama-25-30 ngombhangqwana ngamunye, kanye nezakhamizi ezifanayo ezinokuthula. Ama-Aquariums anendawo enkulu engezansi kufanele akhethwe, njengoba Apistograms uRamirezi, noma kunjalo, njengawo wonke ama-cichlid anesimo esidaluliwe sendawo (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala).
I-Golden Apistogram Ramirezi
Umhlobiso we-aquarium kufanele ugcizelele umbala omuhle kakhulu wezinhlanzi: inhlabathi nesendlalelo akufanele kuhlanganiswe, isisombululo esihle kakhulu yi-monophonic, imibala emnyama. Izitshalo eziphilayo zanoma iyiphi imithunzi eluhlaza, izinhlobo ezinobomvu obunjengalezi: i-ludvigia, i-rotala, i-cryptocoryns azifiseleki. Akulimazi ukubeka phansi amatshe amnyama amaningana amnyama enziwe nge-basalt noma i-grey granite kanye ne-snag enhle ye-branchy.
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube phezulu futhi kukhanye. Izibani kufanele zibekwe eduze nengilazi yokubona ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukwakheka okubukhali kokukhanya okukhishwe akubalulekile kakhulu ezinhlanzini, kepha kusukela endaweni yokubukwa kwama-aesthetics, inzuzo kufanele inikezwe ngamalambu ngohlobo olubandayo lokukhanya, okugcizelela i-turquoise, isafire kanye ne-emerald shades ngombala wama-apistograms. E-aquarium kufanele kube nezindawo zokukhosela lapho izinhlanzi zithanda ukucasha khona. Indlela elula yokuhlela lokhu ngosizo lwezitshalo ezinde ezinamaqabunga amabanzi: i-echinodorus, nymphaea nokunye okunjalo. Izitshalo ezintantayo ezinjenge-pistii noma i-eichhoria ngeke zibe ngaphezulu.
Ngokuya kwemishini, kufanele unake ukukhetha kwe-heater nesihlungi. Owokuqala kufanele abe namandla anele okufudumeza amanzi kumanani afanele kulezi zinhlanzi ngo-24-30 ° C. Lokhu akusho ukuthi emanzini anamazinga okushisa aphansi Apistograms uRamirezi Ngeke baphile, kepha bazoba abokukhanya okukhanyayo futhi okuhamba phambili kakhulu emanzini afudumele.
Akubalulekanga kangako kulesi simo ukuthembeka kwe heater. Ngakho-ke, amanzi apholile aze afike ku-20-22 ° C, ngenxa ye heater ehluleka ngokuzumayo, kungaholela ekufeni kwezakhamuzi ze-aquarium yezinhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe kunqubo yabakhiqizi abakheke kahle, njenge: "Jager", "Rena" nabanye.
Ukusebenza kwesihlungi e-aquarium nge Apistograms uRamirezi kufanele ihlolwe kususelwa kokulandelayo. Okokuqala, izinhlanzi azithandi amanzi anodaka, ngakho-ke, ukuhlunga kufanele kuqinisekise ukuhlanzwa kwayo okusebenzayo kwemishini. Okwesibili, ukunqwabelana kwezinhlanzi ezibalulekile kuthinta kabi ukubukeka kwazo, futhi uma izimiso ezivumelekile zedluliwe, zingaholela ekufeni kwazo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi okukhona kanye namakhemikhali kufanele futhi kube okusemandleni. Ukusuka kulokhu singaphetha ngokuthi: isisombululo esihle kakhulu ukusebenzisa isihlungi sangaphandle esiphakeme sisebenzisa izihlungi ezifanele. Umfudlana wamanzi ohlanziwe kufanele ubekwe ngaphezulu kwe-aquarium. Ukusethwa kwezihlungi zangaphandle ezisezingeni eliphakeme kufaka phakathi okuthiwa "umtshingo" - ishubhu eligcwalisiwe elisika umfudlana wamanzi ahlanzekilewe abuyiselwe e-aquarium ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa ezihlukene. Ukusebenzisa le divayisi kuthuthukisa indawo enomoya-mpilo e-aquarium.
Ukushintshwa kwamanzi njalo kuyadingeka: 25-30% masonto onke, futhi okungcono - 10% njalo ngosuku. Amanzi amasha kufanele abe nezimpawu ezifanayo zamakhemikhali noma asondele kuwo njengaleyo ethathelwa indawo. Njalo emavikini amabili, ukufakwa kwengxenye yamanzi kuhlanganiswa nokuhlanza inhlabathi, ngobuningi bezinhlanzi ezifika kule nqubo kufanele zenziwe kaningi. Lokho kuzobe kukhipha ukungasebenzi ngokweqile kwenhlabathi e-aquarium, futhi ngenxa yalokho kwenzeka kwento emisiwe.
I-Dimorphism yezocansi kanye nokuziphatha okuhle kweRamirezi Apistograms
Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. Isisu sowesilisa siwolintshi, insikazi iyi-raspberry. Imisebe yokuqala ye-dorsal fin yowesilisa iyaphakanyiswa futhi ipendwe ngombala omnyama. Imisebe yesibili neyesithathu yemali e-dorsal kowesilisa ivame ukuba yinde kunowesifazane. Kwabesifazane, ibala elimnyama ngasohlangothini lizungezwe yimikhaza.
Amaduna amancane angama-1.5-2 cm ubude, kepha angakabi yisikhathi sokuthomba, axabana ngezikhathi ezithile, ezama ukuvikela ilungelo lesigaba esisodwa noma esinye sezansi. Izinhlanzi ziba yimpumulo ekhaleni, zisakaze imisebe yokuqala yama-dorsal fins bese uzama ukuxosha umphikisi endaweni ehangulwayo. Uma kungekho owesilisa ophumelelayo ekwenzeni lokhu, kuvela izinsongo, ukusatshiswa okukhanyayo namanye amaqhinga angenagazi asetshenzisiwe.
Abesifazane ababambiqhaza emzabalazweni wensimu, kepha babheka kuphela okwenzekayo kusuka ngaphandle. Umphumela wokulwa ukusatshalaliswa okuqinile kwezindawo nokubhanqa, futhi, ngaphansi kwezinye izimo ezinhle, kutholakala ku-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Ukuzala kabusha Apistograms uRamirezi
Ukunwebeka kuvusa ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi, ukubuyiselwa kwawo njalo nokudla okuhlukahlukene okuhlukahlukene. Imvamisa, akukho kulokhu okungenhla okudingekayo: inhlanzi evuthiwe, ngaphandle kwesenzo salowo owasemanzini, hlanza indawo efanelekile bese ubeka amaqanda. Isendlalelo sendawo yokunwebeka singasebenza njengetshe elikhulu, imbiza yobumba elele ngasohlangothini lwaso kanye neqabunga lesitshalo, okufanele libe banzi ngokwanele, libheke ngokuqondile futhi libekwe phansi ngaphezu komhlaba.
Kaningi, izinhlanzi zikhetha ingaphezulu elisethunzini, kepha ayinakho okunamathela okuqinile endaweni yethunzi. Uma i-substrate ejwayelekile kubo ingekho noma isivele yathathelwa omunye umbhangqwana, Apistograms uRamirezi ingabeka amaqanda emigodini engajulile.
Imvamisa, i-fry ayitholakali ku-aquarium ejwayelekile, kungaba yi-caviar edliwa ngabazali noma ifa ngaphansi kwesembozo se-saprolegnia.
Apistograms uRamirezi owesilisa nowesilisa
Ngokuzalela amaqhuqhuva wovemvane, i-aquarium enxande enendawo engezansi yesikwele okungenani esingu-300 ifanelekile. Esitsheni esigcotshwe ngokuphelele, faka ungqimba lwesihlabathi samanzi emifula esihlanzekile esingu-1 cm cm, esikhundleni sesihlabathi ungasebenzisa amatshe amahle, kepha ngokufanelekile ukusebenzisa umhlabathi ofanayo njengase-aquarium ejwayelekile. Lokhu kuzonciphisa isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nabakhiqizi endaweni entsha futhi kusondeze ukuqhakaza. Gcwalisa i-aquarium ngamanzi futhi uyiyeke ixazulule okungenani izinsuku ezingama-3-4. Izinga lamanzi lingaba lincane ukusuka ku-8-10 cm, kepha akunandaba.
Apistograms uRamirezi imvamisa amaqanda awabekwa kuphela kufulethi, ngisho nangaphezulu, kepha nasodongeni lwangaphakathi lwembiza yezimbali noma kwenye indawo yokukhosela.
Amanzi avuthayo kufanele abe acidic kancane (amayunithi angu-0,0-0.3) futhi afudumele (1-2 ° C) kunase-aquarium ejwayelekile, esobala futhi engenayo i-chlorine ngokuphelele. Ukuqina kwaso akufanele kube ngaphezulu kuka-10 ° dGH, i-pH yokusabela okune-acidic esondele kokungathathi hlangothi, futhi izinga lokushisa lamanzi akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-25-27 ° С.
Ezimweni ezinwebekayo, kufiseleka ukudala umsinga wamanzi ongenamandla. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa isibhamu eside sokufafaza, esifakwe odongeni oluncanyana lwe-aquarium, amasentimitha ambalwa ukusuka ebusweni bamanzi. Ukuqina komoya kuyakhethwa kahle.
Umhlume wegazi ophilayo ne-corvette zidla njengokudla ngesikhathi sokuqhuma; zinikezwa izingxenye ezincane kanye ngosuku. Kuyinto engathandeki ukondla u-ayisikhilimu nokudla owomile, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekutheni ifu lamanzi.
Njengomthetho, izinsuku ezingama-2-3 zanele ukuthi lo mbhangqwana uzivumelanise nezimo, emva kwalokho ukuqhekeka kwenzeka. Umqondo, kuye ngosayizi, iminyaka nobungako bokulungela kwabakhiqizi, kungabalwa kusuka kuma-70-80 kuya kuma-300-400 amaqanda okusaqanda. Isikhathi sokufakwa sincike emazingeni okushisa futhi singamahora angama-72-80 emazingeni okushisa angama-25- 26 ° C, namahora angama-45-50 emazingeni okushisa angama-27-30 ° C.
Owesilisa ubandakanyeka kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukwenziwa kweziqu. Imisebenzi esemqoka ebazalini ngalesi sikhathi ukugcoba amaqanda ngamaphiko, ukususa amaqanda afile bese kugcina ukucoceka kuhlanzekile. Ngezikhathi ezithile, omunye wabazali uthatha amaqanda athile emlonyeni wakhe, “awuhlafunise” futhi abuyisele ngokucophelela endaweni yakhe.
Izibungu ezinamahloni zine-isikhupha esikhulu se-yolk, sibonga lapho zondla khona ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7 ezizayo. Usuku lokuqala noma izibungu ezimbili zisendaweni eyodwa, esimweni esinamathiselwe emgodini ongaphansi (abazali abawile, abaqwashisayo ngokushesha babuyela endaweni). Ngokushesha, owesilisa ubabeka emigodini engagxilile eyambiwa nguye emhlabathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi kufanele itshalwe kabusha kusuka ezinhlafunweni ezinwebekayo.
Ukubhukuda okusencane kuhlala ngaphansi kwethomba lowesilisa. Umhlambi kaFry uhamba naye kuyo yonke i-aquarium futhi ufunda ukuzingela ukudla. Njengomqali onjalo, ungasebenzisa i-infusoria, rotifers, noma ukuhlolwa okuncane kakhulu kwe-cyclops nauplii. Emva kwezinye izinsuku ezimbili, owesilisa naye ufiseleka ukuthi adluliselwe kwenye i-aquarium ejwayelekile, kanti i-fry kufanele ibekwe kwesinye isitsha, kodwa esivele singenamhlabathi. Ezimweni ezinjalo kulula kakhulu ukugcina inzalo, nentsha Apistograms uRamirezinozwela kakhulu kulokhu. Ngakho-ke, phansi kufanele kuhlanzwe nsuku zonke, kukukhulule ekudleni okuwile nasemikhiqizweni ebalulekile yefry, engeza amanzi amasha anezici ezifanayo naleyo ekhishiwe.
Ngokufakwa kwamaqanda okufakelwa, ngokushesha ubekwa esitsheni ngaphandle kwenhlabathi nokuhlobisa. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwenzeke ku-aquarium ejwayelekile, khona-ke amaqanda adluliswa kanye ne-substrate. Kusukela ukusikaza kungadala ukulimala kolwelwesi olubuthakathaka. Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, i-caviar akufanele ivunyelwe ukuthintana nomoya wasemkhathini, ngoba lokhu, indawo engaphansi enomzimba ibekwe endishini ejulile futhi ihanjiswe isendaweni engaphansi. Njengoba i-caviar ithinteka kakhulu emathonyeni angaphandle, kunconyelwa ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa ku-incubator ngenani eliphezulu elivumelekile ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kombungu. Ezincwadini ezinamathekisthi, kukhulunywa inani lesilinganiso esingu-36 ° C; kuleqondo lokushisa, i-caviar ikhula ngokushesha kangangokuba ayinasikhathi sokwenza isenzo esibhubhisayo se-saprolegnia. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezibungu, izinga lokushisa liyancipha kancane kancane libe inani elijwayelekile.
Noma kumphako eningi futhi ehlukahlukene, gazinga ukhula kancane. Futhi awukwazi ukubiza la ma-chromies amancane aluhlaza aqine. Noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yenani eliphelele lamafry ayihlali ngamasentimitha amabili ngosayizi.
Izinga lokukhula okuzinzile liyatholakala ngenxa yokudluliswa okufika ngesikhathi kwefry kokuphakelayo okulingene kanye nama-aquariums afanele ngevolumu. Amafry aqala ukubala ngenyanga yesithathu yokuphila, kepha athola imibala ephezulu kakhulu ezinsukwini ezingama-90-100 zempilo. Lapho ufinyelela ubude obungu-1-1,5 cm ukhulile Apistogram Ramirezi Usungathuthela ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Kepha uma indawo ivuma, kungcono ukuyigcina esitsheni esehlukile kuze kube sekufeni.