Ukubukeka nokuziphatha. I-goose encane kunazo zonke, cishe ngosayizi wedada lasekhaya. I-compact goose, intamo ibonakala imfishane futhi iminyene kunaleya ye-mbuzi enesifuba esimhlophe. Ubude bomzimba 56-69 cm, amaphiko angama-110-120 cm, isisindo esingu-1,1-1,8 kg. Kwakha izingcingo ezintathu - B. b. bernicla, B. b. hrota futhi B. b. ama-nigricanskuhluke ngemininingwane yokufaka imibala. E-Russia yaseYurophu, abamele izinkampani zokuqala ezimbili kungahlangatshezwana nazo.

Incazelo. Izinyoni ezindala zinekhanda elimnyama elihlanzekile, isifuba nentamo, ziboshwe ngaphambili ngekhola emhlophe emincane. Izembozo ezingemuva nezamaphiko zingwevu emnyama enamashele amnyama. Phansi nezinhlangothi zingwevu, Ngandlela thile kulula kunasemuva. Ingubo yangaphansi imhlophe, izimpaphe zomsila kanye nezimpaphe eziyinhloko zimnyama; ezansi izimpaphe zomsila, umugqa omhlophe obanzi ugudla i-undertery. Uqhwaku kanye nama-paws amnyama. Abesilisa bakhulu ngandlela-thile kunabesifazane, amakhanda amakhulu futhi banomlomo omkhulu ngokuphawuleka. Izinyoni ezincane ezingubeni zabancane azinayo ikhola emhlophe, ithoni yephayiphu ejwayelekile inombala onsundu, imincane, futhi ihlukane, imiphetho emhlophe ihlangana emigqeni emithathu ehambisanayo emaphethelweni e-flywheel yesibili, kanye nezimpaphe ezinkulu eziphakathi nendawo eziphakathi nendawo.

Ezinyoni ezingakakhuli zonyaka wesibili wokuphila, kuvela umucu onsundu, kuqhume ikhola emhlophe, kepha umphetho omhlophe ophikweni uhlala kuze kube owesibili ogcwele ngemuva kokuncibilika. Izinyoni ezingaphansi B. b. hrota ilula kakhulu kunezinye izikhala ezingaphansi: isisu nezinhlangothi kuphuzi olukhanyayo, kuqhathaniswa nesifuba esimnyama, iphimbo elimpunga lengxenye yesikhumba elihlukile libonisa ithoni yesifuba nentamo. B. b. i-bernicia - umjaho omnyama kakhulu: umbala wangemuva nesisu ucishe waba mnyama, uhlangana nebanga nethoni yesifuba nentamo, emaceleni kuphela lapho kukhanya khona ngendlela yemivimbo ephambuka kaningi. Ikhola ibanzi kakhulu kunezehlakalo ezingaphansi, ezivame ukwakheka ngendlela engajwayelekile.

Vota. I-Goose ethule kakhulu, izwi elithulekile, njengesiphuzo samakhala. Lapho ukundiza, amazwi enziwa imihlambi yezinyoni zalolu hlobo azwakala kuphela eduze.

Isimo Sokusabalalisa. Ukusatshalaliswa kuyi-circumpolar, kuhlala iziqhingi ze-Arctic eziphakeme futhi kwezinye izindawo izingxenye zezintaba zase-Arctic zase-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika. Ibanga lezinhlobo ezingezansi B. b. hrota ihlanganisa umkhakha wasempumalanga waseCanada, inyakatho mpumalanga yeGreenland, Svalbard neFranz Josef Land. Indawo B. b. i-bernicia Ihlala ogwini lwe-Arctic ukusuka eYamal kuye eKhatanga, iziqhingi zoLwandle lwaseKara empumalanga yeVaygach Island kanye neSevernaya Zemlya ukuya enyakatho kuya ekucineni kwe-79.

Ubusika bezinhlobo zombili ezingaphansi zitholakala eNtshonalanga Yurophu, futhi B. b. i-bernicia Ubusika enyakatho yeJalimane, Holland neFrance, kanye B. b. hrota - ikakhulukazi esiQhingini saseBrithani. Ekufudukeni, iningi labantu ababodwa bezindlela eziphakanyisiwe zindiza nge-White-Baltic Baltic indlela, izinyoni ezingaphansi B. b. hrota zitholakala lapha kaningi, ngoba zindiza ikakhulukazi entshonalanga yeNhlonhlo yeScandinavia. Ezifundeni eziphakathi kweRussia YaseYurophu, izinyoni zazo zombili izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwazo zingahlangana kuphela njengezinyoni ezifudukayo.

Indlela yokuphila. Isikhathi sokufuduka kwentwasahlobo sesephuze kakhulu - imihlambi yezokuhamba idlula eGulf of Finland engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi nasekuqaliseni kukaJuni, kepha abantu bokuqala bangavela emaqoqweni asendulo entshonalanga Yesifunda saseLeningrad kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Imvamisa athuthela amaphakethe aminyene angaphansi kuka-5-10 m ngaphezu kwamanzi.

Ngesikhathi sokudlekwa, njengamahashe anombala omhlophe, iwela ohlangothini lolwandle naseziqhingini, kepha imvamisa kunalezohlobo lwangaphambilini itholakala ezigodini ezinotshani nezigodi zemifula ye-tundra. Kuvezwa ukuthambekela kokuhlala kwamakholoni ezindaweni ezifanele ngaphansi kwesembozo sokudlekwa kwamabili wezinyoni ezinkulu nezinyamazane ezinamahloni. Amachaphaza adla ngokundizela ngasogwini nakuma-tundra aphansi otshani ogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi.

Esithombeni sokuwa kweGulf of Finland kuvame engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Okthoba. Njengezinhlobo zangaphambilini, ebusika bancamela ukuhlala emanzini asolwandle angajulile ngezimila ezinothile ezifakwa ngaphansi komhlaba.

Indawo yokuhlala yezinyoni

Ama-Anseriformes lawo athande isimo sezulu esipholile. Izindawo abahlala kuzo yiJalimane, iDenmark neNetherlands. Kubonwa nezinyoni eYakutia, eFrance ngisho naseziqhingini zaseBrithani. Izilwane ezinamaphiko zazibonakala ogwini loLwandlekazi iPacific naseJapan. Ikakhulu, iHonshu neHokkaida. Kukhona futhi amahansi amnyama eRussia. Le-waterfowl ihlala eduze ne-Arctic Ocean.

Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, izinyoni ziyema emanzini asolwandle angajulile, futhi zibhabhela ziye ebusika e-Asia noma eNyakatho Melika. Ama-Anseriformes avame ukundiza ogwini. Kunama-goose ezindaweni zokuhlala zobusika naseNyakatho yolwandle. Izakhamizi zezindawo ezisempumalanga zindiza eduze nezigodi, kanti nezinyoni ezivela ezindaweni ezibandayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ziya ezindaweni ezinamazwekazi, zinamathela ezigodini zemifula. Lezi anseriformes zihlala emaphaketheni, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zivikeleke kabi ezilwaneni ezidla lubi, yize zinodlame.

Ukuvela kwe-goose

Isisindo sale nyoni sisuka ku-1.5 saya ku-2.2 kg, ubude baso bube ngama-60 cm, amaphiko asuka ku-110 kuya ku-120 cm. IGansi elimnyama selinegama laso ngenxa yombala omnyama ogcwele. Kodwa umzimba wale nyoni umbozwe kancane ngezimpaphe zombala omnyama, ikakhulukazi emuva nangentamo. Amaphayi kanye noqhwaku nakho kumnyama. Umbala wamaphiko usuka empunga uye onsundu. Isisu nezinhlangothi zilula kunombala ojwayelekile, ziphenduka kancane zibe yi-undertery emhlophe.

Isici esiyingqayizivele salolu hlobo lwentambo nayo ingubo emhlophe engalingani entanyeni. Abesilisa nabesifazane abahlukile ngaphandle. Umehluko kuphela ongaba khona ngosayizi. Isikhala eside samaphiko siyabonakala kowesilisa futhi sivame ukuba sikhulu kunowesifazane.

Amahansi azizwa emnandi emhlabeni futhi awelahlekile uma kwenzeka ingozi. Okuxakayo ngokwanele, abazi ukuthi ungangena kanjani emanzini, kepha bangakuthola ngokuphelele ukudla okuvela phansi, njengamadada anciphisa amakhanda abo phansi futhi athambekele phezulu ngomsila wabo phezulu.

Ukufuya kanye nokondla izinkukhu

Amahansi amnyama aqala ukuzalela ngoJuni. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sithatha izinyanga ezintathu. Njenga-swans, bakha umbhangqwana owodwa wokuphila. Lokhu kuhambisana nesiko elihle lokuqomisana, lapho izinyoni zithatha khona amathuba akhethekile. Lapho lo mbhangqwana wenzeka, kwenzeka uhlobo oluthile lomkhosi, oluqinisekisa imvume futhi lubopha inyunyana. Isiko liqala ngokuhlaselwa ngomqondo kwesitha, khona-ke ama-goose abekwe ngendlela evundlile bese eqala ukumemeza. Owesilisa wenza umuntu amemeze, lowesifazane amphendule ngamabili. Isiko emanzini liphela lapho lo mbhangqwana ushintshana ngokuntywila emanzini. Lezi zitho zomzimba azisebenzi njengezothando kuphela, ziwuhlobo lolimi lokuxhumana. Sekukonke, kunezindlela ezi-6 kuye kwezingu-11 zokuhanjiswa kolwazi.

Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, izinyoni ezimnyama zibuthana emikhakheni emincane: kulula kakhulu ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, kepha isidleke ngababili abahlukene, enyakatho yabanye abamele kude, eduze kwe-Arctic tundra. Abakhethi nje kuphela ulwandle, kepha futhi nemifudlana ephansi yemifula, indawo ene-tundra enomswakama enamakhambi ahlume kakhulu. UStein uthanda ukukhetha izidleke uma ehlala ethafeni noma edwaleni le-tundra. Ama-Anseriformes alengisa izidleke zawo ngosizo lwe-moss, i-fluff noma utshani, okwenza ukuba kubonakale indawo encane yokuvela. Amahansi azakhela ezindaweni ezikude ngasogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi. Insikazi ikhiqiza amaqanda ama-3 kuye kwangama-5 nge-clutch ngayinye. Inqubo yokubambeka ihlala kuze kube inyanga: isilinganiso sezinsuku ezingama-24-26.

Owesilisa akayishiyi insikazi yakhe ngenkathi eqandusela amaqanda. I-fluff yamachwane ingwevu. Ngemuva kokuba inzalo iqandwe eqandeni, ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-3, leli khehla lingakwazi ukundizela ngaphandle kwesiqu. Ababelethi baphelezela abantwababo baye endaweni yokugcina eseduzane, babondle futhi bazigade amasonto ayisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, abantu abadala baqala ukuncibilika futhi okwesikhashana balahlekelwe amandla okundiza. Amachwane ahlala nabazali bawo kuze kube isikhathi esilandelayo sokuzala. Imichilo ifinyelela ekukhulelweni kweminyaka emibili yokuzalwa, kwesinye isikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinyoni ezisencane nalabo bantu ngenxa yezizathu ezithile abakwazi ukudleka, babopha umhlambi ohlukaniswe "ngabazali" futhi nabolt.

Ama-geese bondli kanye nezitha zawo zangaphandle

Ukudla amahansi amnyama kuhluke kakhulu, kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo, kepha okunamaphiko kungadla izinhlanzi ezincane nama cr craceans.

1. Ehlobo, ukudla kwe-goose kufaka phakathi amakhambi, imous, lichen, kanye nezitshalo zasemanzini.
2. Ebusika, izinyoni zidla olwandle.
3. Futhi ekudleni kukhona iziqu ezinama-juicy young, okusanhlamvu, amaqabunga e-sedge kusuka ku-tundra.

Ukudla kuncike enkathini nasendaweni yokuhlala. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, izinyoni ziqongelela amanoni futhi zishintsha kalula zisuka kolunye uhlobo lokuphakelayo ziye kolunye.

IBlack Goose ibhekwa njengesibindi eside. Emvelweni, iminyaka yakhe ingafinyelela iminyaka engama-28, ekuthunjweni, leli nani licishe liphindwe kabili. Ubudala obukhulu buyiminyaka engama-40.

Izitha zalolu hlobo zinokwanele, kufaka phakathi imidlwane, izinhlanzi, izimpungushe ezingama-arctic namabhere ansundu. Izinhlanzi nezinyoni zasolwandle zithanda ukudlela amaqanda amakati akhonze ngisho namantshontsho amantshontsho. Lapho ama-goose eqaphela isitha, athulula izintamo zawo phambili, avule amaphiko awo bese eqala ukukhala. Ngeshwa, akahlali ekwazi ukusindisa inzalo. Ukuze uvikele amaphuphu abo ngandlela thile, izidleke zamantshontsho amnyama eduze kwezindawo ezidlekayo zezinyoni ezidla inyama, ezinjengezikhova, izimbotshana ze-peregrine, izimbungulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-goose: abazingeli eduze nezidleke zabo, futhi izinyamazane ezincane ezinjengempungushe ye-arctic azizibeki engcupheni yokusondela ezinyangeni zezinyoni ezidla inyama. Ngakho-ke, izingane zamarhanisi zandisa amathuba azo okusinda.

Amahansi ajwayela impilo enhle ekudingisweni. Ukudla kwabo kufanele kube nokwehlukahlukana ngangokunokwenzeka. Kumele ifake izitshalo zemifino nezithelo, kanye nokudla kwezitshalo ngamanani amakhulu. Okusanhlamvu okumile kuzoba wusizo olukhulu kubantu abasha. Njengokuphakelayo, ungangeza ngokuphephile okuphakelayo nezinhlobonhlobo zemihlobiso eyenzelwe izinyoni ezintanta emanzini.

Lezi anseriformes zizala kahle ekudingisweni. Bahlangana kahle ezindizeni namanye ama-waterfowl afana namadada noswidi. Into esemqoka ukuthi kuma-aviary, ama-anseriforms anokuthola ukufinyelela kwamanzi njalo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi idamu ligcina okungenani i-20% yendawo yekhaya. I-Waterfowl ibekezelela kahle iqhwa futhi ayizidingi izibaya ezivalekile, kepha kudingeka i-canopy endaweni yezindiza.

Ngenkathi yokuzalela, lo mbhangqwana ubekwa endizeni ehlukile, njengoba owesilisa eba nolaka.

Lezi zinyoni zinomusa kakhulu futhi ziyathembana, ezithinta ukuncishiswa kwenani lezi zinhlobo.

Lalela izwi le-brant emnyama

Inqubo yokuzalela okuqondile yenzeka emanzini.

Amahansi amnyama ahlala emakoloni amancane.

Izilokazana zivame ukuhlelwa ngamakholoni amancane, okusiza lezi zinyoni ukuthi zivikele ezilwaneni ezinjengamabhere anama-polar, izimpungushe zase-Arctic, ama-gulls kanye nama-skuas. Isidleke ukucindezelwa okuncane okulele phansi, moss notshani. Yakhiwa ngehansi elimnyama eziqhingini nasezigangeni zezindawo zokugcina amanzi. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-3 kuya kwangama-5 maphakathi noJuni, emva kwalokho iqale ukuwadonsa. Le nqubo ihlala izinsuku ezingama-24- 26.

Amahansi amnyama anezinto eziningi ezingezinhle emvelweni.

Abesilisa abalishiyi “iqabane” labo futhi bahlala beseduze. Amachwane azalwa embozwe nge-grey fluff. Amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa, asingavele ashiye isidleke. Abazali babayisa endaweni yokugcina amanzi lapho bondla khona izingane zabo futhi bayigada amanye amasonto ayi-6. I-Goose goose Goose echithwe ngalesi sikhathi. Wonke umndeni uhlala ndawonye kuze kube yisizini elandelayo yokuzalanisa.

Isisekelo sokudla kwe-goose kukudla kwezitshalo.

I-Goose goose idla ikakhulukazi izitshalo zokudla. Ehlobo, udla ama-moss, utshani, izimila zasemanzini. Ihlukanisa imenyu yayo ngezilwane ezincane ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo, ama-crustaceans amancane. Ebusika, ukudla kwama-goose amnyama kusekelwe kulwelwe lwe-zoster.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.