Isigaxa esikhulu seMalagasy akuyona i-rat ejwayelekile futhi sifana kakhulu nezihlobo zaso. Ukuba yodwa esiqhingini saseMadagascar, akukashintshi kuwo wonke umlando wayo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
Isigaxa esikhulu seMalagasy (Hypogeomys antimena).
Le nduku ye-chubby inkulu kunazo zonke eMadagascar futhi ibukeka njengonogwaja. Ubude bomzimba wakhe buyi-30 - 35 cm, ubude bomsila buyi-21-25 cm, ubude bezindlebe ezikhonjisiwe buyi-5-6 cm.
Isigaxa esikhulu seMalagasy sinesisindo esingu-1-1,5 kg.
Emilenzeni eyindilinga engajwayelekile, lesi silwane sasibizwa ngokuthi i-rat hop. Noma kunjalo, ngokungafani naleli gama elivamile, amagundane akavamile ukugxuma, uma kuphela abalekela izitha ezidla izitha. Ngemuva kwalokho isilwane senza igxuma elikhulu lifinyelele kumitha eli-1.
Udayi woboya obufushane uphuzi ngombala onsundu futhi uluhlaza obomvu ekhanda nasemhlane. Izingalo nomzimba ophansi kumhlophe. Umsila umnyama ngezinwele ezimfushane eziqinile, zilukhuni.
Ukusabalala kwegundane elikhulu laseMalagasy
Amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy atholakala ogwini olusentshonalanga neMadagascar. Indawo yokuhlala efanelekile ngaphakathi kwebanga isendaweni engamakhilomitha angama-40 enyakatho nedolobha laseMorondava eKirindy.
Isigaxa esikhulu seMalagasy, futhi i-vaulavo.
Indlela yokuphila enkulu yamagagasi aseMalagasy
Imidlwane enkulu yaseMalagasy ihlala emiseleni, evame ukuba nethiwekhi yemigudu, ngalinye linobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-45 namamitha ayi-5 ubude, atholakala ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-1. Endlini enjalo, iqembu elilodwa lomndeni lihlala kulo, elihlanganisa izilwane nezizukulwane zabo, ezimelelwa ngabesifazane.
I-Vaolavo isilwane esikhulu esine-oda le-rodent.
Umndeni uhlala endaweni engamahektha amathathu kuya amane. Kepha ngenkathi eyomile ngokuntuleka kokudla, insimu iyanda. Imingcele ilawulwa ngokuqinile futhi ifakwe ilebula ngomchamo, izindunduma nokuvikelwa kwendlala. Imisele akuhloselwe kuphela ukuzalanisa, kepha futhi nokuvikela izivikeli, amakhaza, imvula enkulu, ukulala kwasemini.
I-hamster enkulu yaseMadagascar ihlala niche efanayo yemvelo kulesi siqhingi njengonogwaja wasendle.
Imibhangqwana ifomu impilo yonke, kepha uma umlingani efa, ithathelwa indawo ngomunye umuntu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto. Amagundane amakhulu ama-Giant Malagasy ashiya umgodi wawo kusihlwa kuphela, ephuma eyedwa noma ngababili eyofuna ukudla endaweni yokuchitha udoti.
Giant Malagasy rat rat ukudla
Isigaxa esikhulu seMalagasy yi-herbivore.
Idla ngembewu, izithelo eziwile, amaqabunga. Digs up izimpande ezidliwayo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo, amakhasi wegxolo ezihlahleni ezincane. Udla ukudla njenge-squirrel, akubambe kwangaphambi kwamehlo akhe futhi alume izingcezu. Ngalesi sikhathi, igundane lihlala emilenzeni yalo yangemuva.
Ukuzalela amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy
Endle, amagundane amakhulu amaMalagasy aqala ekuqaleni kwezikhathi zemvula ezifudumele ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba nasekuqaleni kukaDisemba. Owesifazane uthwala inzalo izinsuku ezingama-102 - 138.
IMadagascar enkulu hamster inendawo ekhawulelwe ukusatshalaliswa.
Imvamisa izala amawundlu eyodwa noma amabili ahlala nabazali isikhathi esithile esihlukile ngokuya ngobulili bawo: kusuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwemi-3 kwabesifazane futhi kusuka eminyakeni eyi-1 kuye kwemi-2 kwabesilisa abancane. Inzalo ayishiyi imbobo phakathi kwamasonto angama-4-6 okuqala.
Amaduna amancane avuthiwe ayakwazi ukuzala eneminyaka eyi-1 ubudala futhi abe nesakhiwo sawo.
Abesifazane bahlala nabazali babo isikhathi eside kuze kube yilapho sebevuthiwe ngokobulili, bese beshiya abazali babo. Bayakwazi ukuvikela inzalo yabo kubazingeli, okuandisa amathuba okusinda. Ekudingisweni, ama-rodent ahlala iminyaka engaba mi-5.
Izizathu zokwehla kwenani lamagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy
Njengezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukile zaseMadagascar, amagundane amakhulu amaMalagasy asengozini enkulu ngenxa yokulahleka kwendawo, ukulimala kwemvelo, ukuqagela kanye nomncintiswano nezinhlobo ezingeniswayo.
Izinhlobo kuphela zohlobo lwe-Hypogeomys yohlobo.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukugawulwa kwamalahle ngokungemthetho kwenziwa ehlathi laseMadagascar, futhi kwakukhululwa iziza zokutshala noma zokudla emithini. Wonke lo msebenzi waba nemiphumela emibi, ngenxa yokuthi ihlathi laphenduka amaxhaphozi ama-shrub aminyene angakulungele ukuhlala ngamagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy.
Izilwane zidla ikakhulu izithelo eziwile.
Lezi zilwane zihlupheka ngokungenela komuntu kwamanye amahlathi asetshenziswa izakhamizi zendawo ukuqoqa izinkuni zokubasa umlilo, uju, ukugaya izitshalo zezimpande, ukuzingela ama-tenreks kanye nama-lemurs. Ukuqothulwa kwezinja kudlala indima enkulu ekuqothulweni kwamagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy.
Isimo Sokulondolozwa Kwegundane LaseMalagasy
Amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy asohlwini Olubomvu lwe-IUCN Yezilwane Ezisengozini.
Inani lezilwane ezingavamile lilinganiselwa kubantu abacishe babe ngu-11,000. Ngokwesibikezelo seWildlife Protection Center Trust, ngamanani akhona alahlekelwe yindawo yokuhlala, amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy azonyamalala endle kungakapheli iminyaka engama-24.
ISikhwama Sokulondolozwa Kwezilwane Zasendle i-Darrell manje sisebenza nabaphathi baseMalagasy ukuvimba lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki. Isisekelo sakhe uhlelo olukhulu lokuzalela amagundane ukubuyisa inani labantu balezinhlobo. Ama-zoo omhlaba ahlanganyela ekusindisweni kwezinhlobo zezilwane ngokuzalanisa amagundane athunjiwe.
Emahlathini aminyene amantombazanyana, akha imisele emide.
Amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy ahlala e-zoo edumile esiqhingini saseJersey, ePrague Zoo, kwezinye izindawo ezingamashumi amabili. Le ntambo enkulu idinga ukubuyiselwa ngamanani, ikusasa layo lihlala lingaqinisekile. EMadagascar, umsebenzi wokuzala amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy uyaqhubeka ukusebenza. Ukuvikela ukuhlukahlukahlukana kwesiqhingi kodwa okuncipha ngokushesha, uhulumeni waseMadagascar unweba indawo yakhe evikelekile.
UVoalawo - Hypogeomys antimena - ubukeka njengogwaja onomsila omude.
NgoMashi 28, 2006, uNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo, Amanzi Nezamahlathi wasayina umthetho owanikeza amahektha ayi-125,000 omhlaba wasehlathini iMenabe. Lesi isinyathelo sokuqala sokwakha indawo evikelwe ngokusemthethweni. Mhlawumbe izinyathelo ezithathiwe zizosiza ekugwemeni ukuqothulwa kwamagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ukuzala
Kungcono kunabantu, abanakho ukwahlukanisa, bakha umbhangqwana futhi bahlala ndawonye "kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zabo" - isikhathi sokuphila esiyi-5. Kepha uma omunye wabalingani efa kuqala, masinyane, kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, kuthathwe elinye igundane. Mate ngoNovemba-Disemba futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-4, kuzalwa amawundlu angama-1-2. Abesilisa bazophila iminyaka engu-1-2 kuya ngomama nefolda, bese izinsikazi ziphile iminyaka emi-3.
Lawa magundane amnandi angaphansi kokuvikelwa yinhlangano ehlukahlukene yezemvelo kanye nezisekelo. Balahlekelwe yindawo yabo yokuhlala yemvelo. Amahlathi aseMadagascar agawulwa ukuze kuvunwe amalahle, ukufuya imfuyo nokwandisa izindawo ezihlwanyelwe.
Indawo yokuhlala kwamagundane amakhulu kulesi siqhingi ingamakhilomitha angama-20 kuphela.
Ngakho-ke, amanye ama-zoo omhlaba asethubeni lokugcina lolu hlobo lwamagundane futhi azama ukuwalwelisa ekudingisweni.
Iqiniso # 1: IMadagascar iyahlukana neNdiya, hhayi i-Afrika
Eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-135 eyedlule, iGondwana yababaza ngokuhlukana, yahlukanisa izingxenye zeNdiya, iMadagascar ne-Antarctica eSouth America nase-Afrika. A cishe izigidi ezingama-88 zeminyaka edlule iMadagascar ihlukane neNdiya. Ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa isikhathi eside kulesi siqhingi, kwavela izimbali nezilwane ezihlukile ngokuphelele.
Iqiniso # 2: Kunokuncane kweFrance ne-Arab East kusiko laseMadagascar
Ukuhlala kwesiqhingi kwaqhubeka cishe ngo-200 BC. e. kuze kube ngu-500 g. e. Abantu beza eMadagascar ngokuhamba nge-Great Sunda Islands, ikakhulukazi esiqhingini saseBorneo. Bazigawula futhi bashisa amapheshana amakhulu ehlathi lemvula ukuze batshale izitshalo ezitshaliwe.
Phakathi kwekhulu le-7 nele-9, abathengisi abangama-Arabhu bavela kulesi siqhingi. Kuzo, ingxenye yabantu yamukela i-Islam, ukubhala nezinye izinto zesiko. Ezinye izizwe, njengamaSulumane, azidli ingulube.
Emakhulwini eminyaka we-X-XI, abafuduki abakhuluma isi-Afrika kanye nabahwebi baseNdiya bafika eMadagascar. Ngqo ngenxa yokugcina, kwaqhamuka izinkomo zasendaweni (zebu) nelayisi esiqhingini.
Kamuva, ama-Austronesians afika kulesi siqhingi, lakhethwa ngabaphangi baseYurophu, futhi amaFulentshi akwenza ikoloni. Kusukela kokugcina, abantu bendawo bathatha uthando lwe-baguette ne-vanilla.
Iqiniso No. 3: Amachaphaza ahaya lapha, amagundane akhonkotha cishe imitha, futhi ngisho ne-hedgehog ayinjalo.
Cishe Ama-90% azo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane zaseMadagascar zitholakala kulesi siqhingi kuphela.. Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye bezemvelo bayibiza ngokuthi izwekazi lesishiyagalombili. Ezinye izilwane zibukeka njengezidalwa ezivela kwenye iplanethi. Izilwane ezixakile ezinjenge-tenrecs zihlala lapha, futhi izidalwa ezinwabuzelayo njengengalo encane yaseMadagascar (i-ay-ay), ngomunwe wayo omude ophakathi ikhipha izinambuzane esihlahleni bese ihlela izinwele zayo ngokuhlelekile.
Ingalo encane yaseMadagascar (ay-ay).
Hhayi izinyoka kuphela ezikhala lapha, kodwa futhi namakhaza amakhulu. Isilinganiso esikhulu, esibalelwa ku-33 cm ubude, singagxuma ngo-91 cm ukuphakama.
Futhi lapha isicabucabu segolide, izinsikazi zazo zifinyelela ku-12 cm ngo-paw span. Ukuba khona kwale nhlobo kwakungaziwa kuze kube ngu-2000. Izinsikazi zensikazi yegolide ifunga iwebhu ngentambo yegolide engaphezulu kuka-1 m. Le webin iqine ngokwanele, kangangokuba yaze yakwazi ukukala indwangu yegolide eyi-3 m, egcinwe emnyuziyamu.
Iqiniso # 4: Esikhundleni sokhilimu kanye nomamaski, abesifazane bapenda ubuso babo
Ezinye izakhamizi zaseMadagascar zisebenzisa amaphethini anemibala ngopende omhlophe nphuzi ebusweni babo. Upende lo wenziwe ngamagxolo esihlahla aqhobozekile futhi awusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa kuphela. Inhloso yakhe Vikela isikhumba elangeni nasezinambuzaneni, ikakhulukazi omiyane. Kukholelwa futhi ukuthi upende onjalo uthuthukisa isimo sesikhumba, okungukuthi, usebenza njenge-analogue yekhilimu noma imaski yobuso.
Iqiniso # 5: Azikho izimvubu, amabhubesi nemindlulamithi kulesi siqhingi.
Kukhona izikhova ezibomvu, i-iguanas, ama-boas, izinhlobo eziningi zama-chameleon nama-lemurs, kanye nezinye izilwane ezingavamile. Kepha awekho ama-penguins, amabhubesi, izimvubu, amadube kanye nendlulamithi. Ngeke futhi ubone izindlovu, izimfene, imidlwane, obhejane, izinyathi, izinkawu noma amakamela lapha.
Ukungabikho kwalezi zilwane kuchazwa ngendlela efanayo nokuba khona kwezinhlobo ezihlukile: ukuhlala wedwa esiqhingini. Ukuphela kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu ezafika kulesi siqhingi kwakuyimvubu. Izinhlobo eziningana zavela kuzo, kodwa futhi zanyamalala.
IShuthe luhlobo lwe-lemur elihlala eMadagascar.
Iqiniso # 6: Izakhamizi zaseMadagascar zidansa nabafi
Ezinye izizwe zamaMalagasy (iningi labantu baseMadagascar) zinisiko elingathandeki. Kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-5-7 bakhipha izihlobo zabo ezifile ezikhaleni, bagqoke ingubo entsha yesilika bese bedansa nabo baye emculweni. Isiko leFadiadihana "Ukuguqula amathambo" -kususelwa enkolelweni yokuthi imimoya yamadlozi izojoyina umhlaba wokhokho emva kokubola ngokuphelele komzimba kanye nemikhosi ehambisanayo.
Izihlobo ezivela kulo lonke izwe ziza ukuzokwenza lo mcimbi. Ngesikhathi seFamadijana, amaMalagasy ajabule futhi enza imihlatshelo efile: utshwala noma imali.
Iqiniso No. 7: Zonke izinqumo zenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuvunywa kwabathakathi
Ekukhetheni usuku lomshado, ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwendlu nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile IMalagasy icela umthakathi - Umbiashi. Kuyasiza nokubona ukuthi lo mbhangqwana uzohambisana yini, futhi kuzosiza ukuqhuba isiko elifunekayo. Ama-Umbiashi nawo angabalaphi, ayazi izakhiwo zezitshalo futhi asikisela ukuthi angabanakekela kanjani abagulayo.
Ukubhula, ababhuli basebenzisa izikhwebu zommbila noma imbewu yezithelo. Bathengisa nangama-mascots wemifino eyomile, amazinyo ezilwane, noma ubuhlalu bengilazi.
Iqiniso No. 8: Kukhona ichibi lokufa nehlathi lamatshe lapha.
Izwe laseMadagascar liyahlukahluka, futhi liyashintsha nxazonke. Esiqhingini ungazulazula ehlathini bese ubona amabhungane anamaqubu amakhulu. Kwezinye izindawo, inhlabathi ithola i-tint ebomvu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-laterite. Ngalesi sizathu IMadagascar ibizwa nangokuthi i-Great Red Island..
Kukhona neChibi iTritriva. Bambiza ngofile, ngoba kuyena akukho sidalwa esiphilayo. Kukholelwa ukuthi ayinakweqa. Kepha eqinisweni, konke kuy prosaic impela: ichibi liqukethe isibabule, umphunga wawo ongaphephile kubantu.
Futhi esiqhingini esiseduze saseNosy Be, ogwini loLwandlekazi lwaseNdiya, kunombono oyipharadesi ngempela - ulwandle olunesihlabathi esimhlophe nezihlahla zesundu.
Enye yezindawo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu eMadagascar ihlathi lamatsheUTsingji du Bemaraha. Iningi layo liyangeneka kumuntu ngaphandle kwemishini ekhethekile, ngakho-ke la matshe awakahlolwa ngokuphelele. I-Tsingji du Bemaraha yindawo lapho umuntu angaba khona khona: kunemvelo eningi yezilwane nezilwane ezihlukile.
Iqiniso No. 9: Ukuzalwa kwamawele kubhekwa njengokungajabuli nobuthakathi.
Igama elithi "fadi" abahlali baseMadagascar lisho ukujikijela isenzo esithile, indlela yokuziphatha noma okuthile (isilwane, into yemvelo) ethathwa njengengcwele. Ngenxa yokuthi kwavela ama-fadi amaningi, amaMalagasy awasakhumbuli, kepha ahlonipha isiko ngokungcwele.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi ama-fadi ahlukile phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukahlukene eMadagascar. Ngisho nomndeni owodwa ungaba ne-fadi yawo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona zombili ezinengqondo, ngokwesibonelo, ezokubhukuda echibini ezinezingwenya, futhi kuyamangaza: ukudla okweqile ekunakekelweni kwezokwelashwa.
Futhi eningizimu-mpumalanga yesiqhingi kunezizwe lapho abesifazane bengakwazi ukushiya amawele abo. Kuzo, izakhamizi zibona into enjengobuthakathi kanye nobubi bokubi. Ngakho-ke, izingane ziphonswa ehlathini. Uma lona wesifazane engazisusi izingane, uzoxoshwa emzaneni. Lo mkhuba manje uvinjelwe, yize eminye imiphakathi yendabuko ingasalandeli ukuvinjelwa.
Kukhona ama-fadi okufanele ukukubuka nabavakashi. Isibonelo, akukhuthazwa ukuthi ukhombe umunwe emathuneni okhokho. Ungabakhomba kuphela ngenqindi noma ngentende yakho evulekile.
Iqiniso # 10: Ezinye izizwe zinohlelo lokudanisa
U-Antemoro wenza iphepha ngendlela efanayo njengoba ayenza emakhulwini eminyaka adlule.
IMadagascar igcwele kakhulu abantu. Esiqhingini kunezinhlanga ezingama-18. Bonke banolimi oluhlukile, amasiko abo, imvunulo yezwe nezinkolelo zabo.
Isiko lakwaFadiadihan elichazwe ngenhla libalasele ngezizwe zakwaMerin nezaseBetsileo, kanti ezinye izizwe zinemicimbi yazo. I-antadra yeqembu lesizwe, ngokwesibonelo, inobunzima obuncane kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye isiko eliyisimangaliso: ngemuva kokufa komuntu, izakhamuzi zidla zonke izinkomo zakhe futhi zishise indlu. Ngakho-ke bavikela isizwe sabo ekuhlushweni yimimoya yokhokho babo.
Iqembu lesizwe lamaMuslim i-Antemoro, lemvelaphi yama-Arabhu, linohlelo lokudalwa kwabantu. Abantu bakwa-Antemoro basakhiqiza iphepha elenziwe ngesandla kusuka emagxolo ezihlahla zikabhele. Kwifektri yase-Antemoro ungavakashela mahhala futhi uhlanganyele ekwenziweni kwamashidi ngokwakho.
Iqiniso No. 11: Abaningi abanayo ngisho nemali yokuthenga iphephandaba
IMadagascar ingelinye lamazwe ampofu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokwesilinganiso, amaMalagasy ahola cishe u- $ 1 ngosuku. Cishe i-70% yazo ihlushwa ukungondleki. Kucace bha ukuthi ngenani lemali enjalo, ngisho nokuthenga iphephandaba kubukeka ngathi kunethezeka. Imvamisa, abantu bachitha imali eningi emathuneni kunasemizini yabo, bayakha ngamatshe futhi bengeza okokuhlobisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abantu baseMalagasy banehlelo elikhulu kakhulu lokhokho babo.
Iqiniso No. 12: IMadagascar inendlela yayo
Inkomo ye-zebu isilwane esingcwele sabantu abaningi abahlala kulesi siqhingi. Kusetshenziswa hhayi empilweni yansuku zonke, kepha futhi nasemicikilisweni eminingi ebalulekile. Abafana besizwe sebha, ngaphambi kokucela intombazane inkosikazi, ngokwesiko kufakazela ubugovu babo nesibindi sokweba i-zebu. Manje lokhu kuvame ukuba imbangela enkulu yengxabano.
Kepha okuningi isivivinyo esimangazayo sesibindi, ubuhlakani namandla kubantu abasha kuba yinguqulo yeMadagascan ye-rodeo - savika. Ibamba izandla zayo esidlekeni se-zebu, le nsizwa izama ukuhlala isilwaneni esithukuthele isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Wazi.com
Umugqa omkhulu wamalagi(I-Hypogeomys antimena)eyaziwa nangokuthi votsota noma votsovotsa, iyi-nesomyid rodent etholakala kuphela esifundeni saseMabeabe eMadagascar. Yizinhlobo ezisengozini yokuphela kokulahleka kwendawo, ukuzala okuhamba kancane nobubanzi obulinganiselwe (amakhilomitha angama-20 skwele enyakatho neMurundava, phakathi kwemifula iTomitsy neTsiribihina), ama-Pairs a monogamous, futhi abesifazane bazala umuntu oyedwa noma ababili abasha ngonyaka. Lezi ukuphela kwezinhlobo ezikhona kuhlobo. Ama-Hypogeomysokunye okuhlukahlukene I-Hypogeomys australis, aziwa embhalweni wezinsalela, uhlala eneminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana.
Ukuchazwa ngokomzimba
Amagundane amakhulu aseMalagasy abukeka efana ncamane nonogwaja, noma asekela izici eziningi ezinjengamagundane ikakhulukazi ebusweni. Abesilisa nabesifazane bobabili bakhula babe cishe ngosayizi wonogwaja, cishe amakhilogremu ayi-1,2 (2.6 amakhilogremu) no-33 cm (13 in), yize omunye enamasentimitha angama-20-25 (8-10 in) omsila omnyama. Zinejazi elinokhahlo elisuka ku-grey kuya ku-brown libe bomvu, libe mnyama emkulwini bese liba mhlophe esiswini. Zinezindlebe ezigqamile, ezikhombe nezindebe ezinde ezinemisipha, ezisetshenziselwa ukugxuma ukuze zigweme izilwane ezidla ezinye. Zingagxuma cishe ngamamitha angama-90 emoyeni, kwesinye isikhathi ezibizwa ngalo igundane elikhulu lokugxuma.
Ukuzala kabusha nokuvuthwa
I-malegasy giant rat ifinyelela ekuvuthweni kobulili kungakapheli unyaka, kepha ingashadi kuze kube ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-1.5 kuye kwemibili. Eminyakeni emibili, amagundwane amakhulu aseMalagasy afinyelela ukuvuthwa kocansi. La magundane angenye yezinhlobo eziningana zamagundwane ukuze enze ubungqingili bezocansi. Lapho zixhunyiwe, lo mbhangqwana uzohlala ndawonye kuze kufe omunye wawo. Lapho kushona umsizi, abesifazane bavame ukuhlala emgodini kuze kutholakale indoda entsha. Ngenkathi amadoda evame ukulinda umuntu azoshada naye, kwesinye isikhathi ayasuka ayohlala nowesifazane ongumfelokazi. Abesifazane bazala inzalo eyodwa ngemuva kokukhulelwa kwezinsuku eziyi-102-138 (inani elibonwe lithunjwe) amahlandla amaningi ngesikhathi sokuzala, oluhambisana nenkathi yemvula yaseMadagascar kusuka ngoDisemba kuya ku-Ephreli. Intsha yakhuliswa ngabazali bobabili, yahlala emgodini womndeni amasonto ama-4-6 okuqala, lapho-ke ukuhlola okwengeziwe nokukhipha ukudla ngaphandle. Izinsizwa zihlala nezitho zomndeni unyaka owodwa ngaphambi kokufinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokobulili futhi zihambe ziyothola umgodi wazo. Abesifazane abavuthiwe kungakapheli iminyaka emi-2 futhi bahlala nabazali babo unyaka owengeziwe. Abesilisa bavikela kakhulu ubusha babo. Baziwa ngokwandisa ubungozi babo bokubikezela ukuthi balandele noma bavikele inzalo yabo.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
Kusebusuku impela, amagundane amakhulu ahlala kumabhulethi aze afike kumamitha ayi-16 (nge-16 ft) ngokungena okungena okungu-6. Izinto zokungena, noma lezo ezisetshenziswa njalo, zigcinwa zivinjwe ukungcola kanye namaqabunga ukuze kuvimbele ukuqunjelwa yi-constituteor yaseMalagasy. Olunye usongo olukhulu lwendabuko umgodi onjenge-puma, kepha izinja zasendle ezikhulayo namakati ezethulwe kuso inyamazane yazo. Ukudla, amagundane ahamba ngawo womane, afune isembozo sotshani izithelo eziwile, amantongomane, imbewu namaqabunga. Babaziwa nangokuthi bahlubula amagxolo ezihlahleni bambe izimpande nama-invertebrates. Imibhangqwana inendawo enkulu kakhulu, futhi bobabili abahlanganyeli bazovikela insimu yabo kwamanye amagundane. Baphawula indawo yabo ngomchamo, ngemichilo, nangamakha amakha.
Ukulondolozwa nokuzikhandla
Isigaxa esikhulu seMalagasy sibhalwe njengasengozini. Ibanga elilinganiselwe, ukucekelwa phansi kwendawo, ukwanda kokuqagelwa izinja zasendle okungezona ezomdabu, futhi lesi sifo sonke siholele ekunciphiseni. Amakati amaningi atholakala futhi aphethe i-parasite ebizwa ngokuthi i-toxoplasmosis. I-parasite yenza ukuthi amagundane alahlekelwe ukwesaba amakati, ngasemngceleni wokucishe udonseke amakati, okuwavumela ukuba abanjwe futhi abulawe kalula. IHantavirus ngesinye isifo esiwohlokayo esiqothula inani labantu elibangela ukwehluleka kwezinso.
Uhulumeni waseMadagascan ukhiphe imithetho yokuvikela amagundane. Iningi lesifunda sabo manje yiKirindy Forest Reserve, lapho kwenziwa khona amahlathi azinzile. Babuye bethula nezinqubomgomo ezisiza izakhamizi zakulesi siqhingi ukuba zihlangane nezilwane ezihlala lapho. UGerald Darrell wayengusosayensi wokuqala ukuzala amagundane athunjiwe. Ngo-1990, waletha amakhophi amahlanu eJersey. Kusukela lapho kwahlelwa izinhlelo eziyi-16 zokufuya kanti eziyi-12 zaphumelela.
I-Malagasy gi rat - isakhamuzi saseMadagascar
Ikhaya »Izinsiza» Amanothi »| Usuku: 03/29/2015 | Ukubukwa: 14019 | Izimvo: 0
EMadagascar - isiqhingi sangempela sezimangaliso. Futhi izilwane zaba ngabokuqala ukukuqonda lokhu. Izazi zesayensi yezemvelo zithi iMadagascar ibilotshwe yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba wasemhlabeni amahlandla amahlanu lapho ikhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke "amakoloni" ajabule ngokukhetha kwawo futhi ahlala esiqhingini unomphela.
Enye into ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, impilo kulesi siqhingi ibashintsha yaba ngaphezu kokuqashelwa, futhi manje kunzima ukusho ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, babevelaphi okhokho bomkhonto noma wefossa eMadagascar? Manje bangamaMadagascans, futhi yiso.
Ungubani? Ngingunogwaja onogwaja.
Kodwa ngenkathi izakhamizi zaseMadagascar zimane nje zikujabulele impilo, izisebenzi zasemsebenzini zazilindele izazi zezilwane. Yize kunjalo, isiqhingi ngasinye sidinga ukubanjwa, siqhathanisa nezinhlobo ezikhona, ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi asisondeli ezilwaneni ezaziwa ososayensi, futhi simnikeze igama lakhe, kanye nesigaba, izinhlobo nezinye izinto ezidingekayo.
Ngakho-ke kwazalwa ama-tenreks, ama-lemurs, ama-wyverns nezilimi nezindebe ezephula umlomo - kusobala ukuthi ngesikhathi sokutholwa, izazi zezilwane zazinezazi zezilwane. Yebo, uyaqonda, izincazelo seziphelile.
I-Voalawo, noma i-hamster enkulu yaseMadagascar, iyisilwane esikhulu esidla izindwani esihlala entshonalanga neMadagascar. Izinhlobo kuphela zohlobo lwe-Hypogeomys yohlobo
Ngakho-ke zama ukuqagela ukuthi ngubani ocasha ngemuva okungenani kwegama lokugcina elinobuqili. Singakutshela: abizwa nangokuthi ama-nezomyids. Ngabe namanje akukacaci? Awuvule imfihlo. Lezi zilwane azinabo ubudlelwane obuqondile nama-hares noma ama-hamsters, futhi izindebe zazo, ngokubuka kokuqala, konke kulungile, noma yebo, zinamagundane futhi ziyafana kakhulu, ezinye zazo zifana ne-hamster, ezinye zifana negundane, kanti ezinye - kuze kube sempondweni.
Nazi nje ukuthi akukho nogwaja phakathi kwabo, kepha lokhu kunembeza wezazi zezilwane. Eqinisweni, wonke angamagundane, kepha anohlu oluhle kangaka lwezihlobo kangangokuba abelwe umndeni ohlukile.
UFossa (lat.Cryptoprocta ferox) - isilwane esidliwayo esiqhamuka emndenini wama-wyverns aseMadagascar
Amagundane anamafutha
Kuwo lo mndeni, i-hamster eshisayo ikhula ngokukhululekile amasentimitha amahlanu ukuphakama futhi inesisindo esingama-gramu amahlanu nesilinganiso samaGambian afinyelela kuhafu wemitha futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-2,8, okuthi, ngeshwa, abantu bendawo bajabule ukuyigcina njengesifuyo.
Nencazelo yokuzalwa okuphakathi, ososayensi nabo akuzange kube nzima kakhulu. Lapha ungathola igundane elikhuphuka ubhanana, igundane elikhuphuka esifubeni, igundane elinamafutha asentshonalanga, igundane elinemilenze emikhulu yazo zonke izinhlobo nama-hamsters amakhulu anemilenze, ngomsila omude ongenalutho, onomsila omfishane, onomsila kanye noshisi ekugcineni, okuvamile kwinduku okungenangqondo, noma ngisho nangaphandle komsila. Ngamafuphi, ukuphuma kwezazi zezilwane eMadagascar ngokusobala bekuntula ama-philologists, noma okungenani abantu abanesiqalo sokucabanga.
Impunga kaGrey Lemur (Microcebus Murinus)
Cishe i-beaver
Kodwa, kunoma yikuphi, bona, izazi zezilwane, zazinamandla futhi zibekezele. Mhlawumbe, lapho befika eMadagascar, bonke laba bafowethu bavele babawela - vele babe nesikhathi sokubala futhi basifaka kwirejista, futhi kuphela ngandlela-thile, ngokusebenza okuhlelekile.
Ngemuva kwalokho bazoqondakala. Impela, ngaphezu kwesisindo sogwaja abambeke ngaphansi kwezinyawo zabo bekukhona ama-tennks amaningi egijima futhi eshesha ezulazula (ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezingamashumi amathathu ezaziwayo, bathathu kuphela abahlala ngaphandle kwesiqhingi, okungenzeka bazisola kakhulu).
I-Tenakale, kuyinto efana nedeski, noma i-hedgehog. Kunoma yikuphi, kukhona uhlobo olubukeka njenge-hedgehog, kukhona olubukeka lunjenge-beaver, futhi cishe kukhona ikhophi le-muskrat yaseYurophu. Cishe, kodwa akunjalo, ngeMadagascar, ngombala, ngombala.
Imichilo eyi-Tenrek (Hemicentetes semispinosus nigriceps)
I-lemur eyingqayizivele
Ama-lemurs amaningi adala izinkinga eziningi zokuhlukaniswa. Cishe kwakuyikhulu yalawa maqabane esiqhingini, futhi asikhulumi ngesibalo sezilwane, kodwa mayelana nokuthi ngisho nelincane kunazo zonke i-lemurs eyikhulu laziveza njengento eyodwa futhi kuphela, futhi, empeleni, kwakufanele. Ngakho-ke abantu bafunda ngobukhona be-lemurs emfushane, i-rukonozhkovye, i-avagis, i-indri, i-sifaka.
Hhayi-ke, okungenani umuntu ukhombise ngokusobala umcabango lapha, noma kube ngabantu bendawo ababehola ososayensi ehlathini futhi, bethinta umunwe ngokulandelayo, ngokuvilapha behleli egatsheni, belinde ukuthi ahlukaniswe, i-lemur, imbize ngeyakhe, igama lendabuko nososayensi konke lokhu kuqoshwe. Ngokunokwenzeka, kwaba njalo.
Isilinganiso se-hamster enkulu singaba namakhilogremu ayisithupha!
Kuphela nathi!
Ama-wyverrs, nawo ahlala kuphela eMadagascar, alethe inqwaba yezinkinga kososayensi, futhi inkinga bekungekho kuphela ekuhlukanisweni kwabo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abacwaningi bafika kulesi siqhingi bengaphethe lutho, ama-wyverres, njengabadli abahloniphekayo (noma abangathembeki), asuka emalimini, ababedle ngempumelelo esikhathini esidlule, ukuze bacwaninge ngezinqolobane.
Kwavulwa izikhwama eziningi zangemuva kwathi imikhiqizo eminingi nemishini ebalulekile (eminye nje ngenxa yobugovu) yebiwe, yadliwa futhi yafihlwa ehlathini yilezi zilwane zobuqili.
Njengama-nezomyids (yebo, lawo ma-haws-haws afanayo), ama-wyverras athola ukuhlukahluka. Lapha ungathola futhi imindeni engezansi yemisundu enobude bomzimba amasentimitha angama-25-40 (lokhu sekuvele kunomsila), ngaphezulu njengama-mongooses, futhi lokhu kufaka nefosses enobude bomzimba kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-80, afana ne-puma encane futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu eyake yaba emndenini wekati.
I-Indri, noma iDemo-taised Indri, noma i-Babakoto - uhlobo lwamalungu emndenini we-Indri, enza uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-Indri. Ama-Indri angama-lemurs amakhulu kunawo wonke aphilayo.
Buyela ekubhukeni
Ngeshwa, kunzima ukusho ukuthi ngabe izazi zezilwane zikwazile yini ukuhlukanisa bonke abakhileyo eMadagascar. Njengokujwayelekile, ngenxa yokuthuthuka okusebenzayo kwesiqhingi ngabantu, kwaphela nya ukuba yipharadesi lezilwane. I-fossa enkulu yokuqala yashiya umhlaba wethu ngesizathu esilula sokuthi abantu baqale ukubhubhisa ama-lemurs ngentshiseko, okuyi-lemurs futhi kwakuwukudla kwayo okuyinhloko.
Ezinye izakhamizi zaseMadagascar zilandele ifossa enkulu, futhi zacishe zafa ngokuphelele, kepha uhulumeni wasekhaya wakubona lokho futhi wenza inethiwekhi yezinqolobane.
Manje kulesi siqhingi kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezindawo ezivikelwe: izindawo zemvelo ezinhlanu, amapaki ezwe angama-21, izindawo ezingama-20 zokugcina. Ngalesi sizathu, izinhlobo eziningi zabomdabu baseMadagascar, esekulungele ukusuka esigabeni sokuzibeka engcupheni yokuqothuka, bakubona lokho futhi banquma ukungabe besazofa. Siyethemba ukuthi sizofunda izinto eziningi ezithokozisayo ngabo.
IGreater Wiverra, noma i-civet yase-Asia
Konstantin FEDOROV