Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, izimvemvane zithathwa njengophawu lwentwasahlobo, ubuhle nokuzalwa kabusha empilweni. Lezi zidalwa eziphaphazelayo zihlotshaniswa nokungafi, uthando, ukuthembeka kanye nenjabulo. Emishadweni, kunesiko lokukhulula amajuba noma izimvemvane esibhakabhakeni.
Ibhabhathane enegama lamehlo e-peacock
Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ukuthi uvemvane okukhulunywa ngalo luhluke kanjani nokuthi kungani laqanjwa kanjalo. Igama elithi peacock iso lesi sinambuzane litholwe olimini lwesiLatin.
NgesiLatin, leli gama libhaliwe kanjena: nachis io. Leli gama lihunyushelwa olimini lwesiRussia njengesihlwa sasemini. Uvemvane lungowomndeni wama-nymphalids. Emndenini kukhona ezimbili ezivamile butterfly uhlobo peacock iso:
- Isithombazomboko semini yepigogo,
- I-butterfly ebusuku iso peacock.
Okhangelwe ngumbethe wepigogo ebusuku
Indawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala
Uvemvane wepigogo ungumhlali ojwayelekile wase-Eurasia. Ukusuka eSpain kuye eJapan, ubuhle obufiphayo bujabulisa abathandi bemvelo. IJalimane izwe lapho izimvemvane zalolu hlobo zihlala khona ngamanani amakhulu. Kulapha lapho iso le-peacock laqashelwa ngonyaka we-2009 njenge uvemvane lonyaka.
Indawo enhle kunazo zonke yalezi zidalwa ezinhle ngokumangalisayo yindawo evulekile. Amehlo wepigogo azizwa ekhululekile ukundiza emameleni, emaqeleni, emaphethelweni amahlathi. Amapaki nezingadi angaziqhenya nangabahlali abahle kangaka.
I-polar tundra ibanda kakhulu izidalwa ezinobumnene ezinjalo. Ugwadule namahlathi aminyene aminyene awakulungele ngokuphelele butterflies abadinga isikhala nomswakama onikeza impilo.
I-Peacock Butterfly: Ukuphila Komjikelezo
Umjikelezo wokuphila kw iso le-peacock uqukethe izigaba ezine:
Ngenkathi efudumele, kuzalwa isizukulwane esithile sama-butterflies, ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, njengeCiscaucasia neCrimea, izizukulwane ezimbili zikwazi ukuvela.
Cishe engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni, izimvemvane zishiya i-pupae futhi zihlale zikhuthele zize ziphele ehlobo. Ebusika, abantu abadala (ngesinye isikhathi ama-pupae) bahlala ezindaweni ezipholile zodwa. Ukuphola kuyinto edingekayo ebusika. Uma uvemvane ekhetha indawo endlini efudumele, akunangozi ukulinda ukuqala kwentwasahlobo nokufa. Into ukuthi ukushisa ngesikhathi se-hibernation kusheshisa i-metabolism, okuphumela ekugugeni okusheshayo.
Bheka incazelo
Ubuhle bezimvemvane buheha njalo ukubukeka ngomdlandla kwabathandi bezilwane ze-fauna. Esithombeni enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu zemvelo iso iso lebhabhathane. Ungumhlali nje ojwayelekile wezakhiwo zasendlini kanye nama-glade asehlathini. Ithanda izindawo zamahhala, ezinokhanyayo kahle ezicebile ngohlaza lwezimbali. Emahlathini aminyene, uzibeka engcupheni elimaza amaphiko e-scaly emagatsheni ezihlahla.
- umndeni - Nymphalids,
- uhlobo - i-Aglais (urticaria),
- ukubuka - I-eye-Peacock yesikhathi sasemini se-Day.
Umndeni wama-nymphalids ubonakala ngokufakwa kombala kwe-motley ngamaphiko ngaphandle futhi kuvikelekile ngaphakathi. Abameleli bayo abaningi bathambekele ekufudukeni beyofuna izindawo zokudla ezingcono. Uhlobo lwe-urticaria aluningi, luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-6,7 kuphela, kufaka phakathi uvemvane, iso lesikhonkwane sasemini.
Imininingwane. Umlando wegama lesiLatini lezinhlobo uhlotshaniswa nenganekwane yesiGreki. Inachis igama likankulunkulu wasemfuleni u-Inach, u-Io yindodakazi yakhe enhle.
Amehlo wepigogo awafani ngosayizi omkhulu, ubude bamaphiko aso angaphambili angu-30 mm, amaphiko - 60-62 mm. Izimpiko zibanzi, unqenqema lwangaphandle olunezinqe kanye nokuvela okungabonakali. Isendlalelo sawo esiyinhloko sinombala obomvu noma obomvu. Umucu onombala onsundu ugijima emaphethelweni. Engxenyeni engenhla yangaphambili nangasemuva kwamaphiko kukhona iphethini yesimo ngendlela yeso elinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Sizungezwe amasongo aphuzi, amhlophe namnyama. Lapho kuchazwa uvemvane, iso lepikoko kufanele libhalwe ngombala ovikelayo ongaphansi kwamaphiko. Ngokuphikisana nesendlalelo esimnyama, imigqa ekhanyayo emsundu emnyama yenza ukungalingiswa kweqabunga elomile.
Iqiniso elihehayo. Ukuqina kombala kuthintwa izinga lokushisa lapho iklipa lakhula khona.
Ikhanda liyindilinga, imishini yokuncela enomunyu, ene-proboscis. Izimpondo zakhiwe ngeklabishi. Amehlo ayinkimbinkimbi, anesici, abunjwe ngendlela efana nama-hemispheres. Isifuba siqukethe izingxenye ezintathu. Imilenze yangaphambili incishisiwe. Ayisetshenziswa uma uhamba, izinambuzane zihambahamba phakathi nemilenze yangemuva. Maphakathi ne-tibia yangaphambili kukhona ukhiye wokuhlanza i-antennae. I-dimorphism yezocansi izibonakalisa ngokwakheka kwezintokazi nosayizi - izinsikazi zikhulu ngokulingene kwezabesilisa.
Ukuzala
Ngemuva kokuqothuka ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, izimvemvane zibeka amasende azo, zisebenzisa amahloka amaqabunga ekwenzeni u-masonry. Izitshalo ezithandekayo zale nhloso zingama-raspberries, izimbabazane, iziqaqa. Amaqanda ahlakaniphile, amancane, aluhlaza okotshani ku-clutch eyodwa, ukusuka emaqanda ayi-100 kuye kwangama-300.
Ngemuva kwesonto, amacimbi aqandusela emaqanda. Zipendwe mnyama mnyama ngamachashazi amhlophe. Zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-14 kuya kwezingu-30 zikhule futhi zikhule esitshalweni esifanayo azalelwa kuso.
Iso le-peacock lisesimweni se-pupa amasonto amabili. Anamathele ezigxotsheni eziqinile futhi athole umbala ofana nombala wesitshalo uqobo. Kungaba nsundu, kube nsomi noma kube mpunga.
Ukubukeka kwamakhokho
Ama-Butterflies izinambuzane ezinoguquko oluphelele. Umjikelezo wabo wokuphila unesigaba sesibungu esaziwa ngokuthi isibungu. Ukuvela kwenzalo kuyahlaba umxhwele, ubude bawo bufika ku-42 mm, futhi umzimba umbozwe ngemigqa eminingana yama-spikes. Umbala wamacimbi agqamile uvemvane iso lesikhonkwane ngombala omnyama, amachashazi amhlophe asakazekile emzimbeni wonke. Amagatsha omgogodla avikela ingxenye ngayinye ye-torso. Imilenze yokuhamba ikhanya.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngempilo yezimvemvane
Lezi izidalwa ezimangalisa kakhulu, lapho ufunda okwengeziwe ngempilo yazo, kulapho othinteka khona ngala maqiniso atholakalayo:
• Izimvemvane azilali neze.
• Ukuba khona kwamavemvane kumafresi asendulo aseGibhithe kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi ayekhona ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka ezedlule.
• Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ucabange ukuthi ubuhle obuthakathaka obunjalo bungabulawa, kepha noma kunjalo, emazweni aseNingizimu Melika nase-Asia, izimvemvane zithathwa njengezibiliboco.
• Amehlo kavemvane ayisitho esiyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke esakhiweni saso. Ziqukethe izingxenye eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ezibizwa ngamalensi.
• I-Peacock eye iso lika-nocturnal - uvemvane olungahambisani neso eyejwayelekile ipigogo, limane lithi “namesake”. Lesi uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke e-Eurasia, amaphiko aso angaba ngu-15 cm, ekundizeni kungadideka kalula nenyoni noma ngebhanti.
• Into emangalisa kakhulu ukuthi izimvemvane zidinga ukushiswa yilanga ukuze zindize.
Habitat
Amabhotela asabalele kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia naseJapan. Enyakatho, ukusatshalaliswa kukhawulelwe kububanzi obungu-60 °. EMpumalanga Yurophu itholakala kuwo wonke amazwe, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezisenyakatho ekude. Ungatholi iso le-peacock esiqhingini saseKrethe nasenyakatho ne-Afrika. Izinambuzane zihlala yonke indawo lapho kunezitshalo eziqhakaza khona: emahlathini, emaphethelweni nasezintanjeni, ezigodini, osebeni lwezidumbu zamanzi. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni kuvela izigcawu zamapaki, izingadi. AmaButterflies ahlala ezintabeni, akhuphuka aze afike ku-2500 km ngaphezu kolwandle.
Imininingwane. Iqoqo elikhulu kunazo zonke lezimvemvane esweni lepikoko yiJalimane.
Indlela yokuphila
Indlela esemqoka yokuhambisa izimvemvane indiza. Angasebenza ngezimpiko ezishayayo noma enze nje - ukuhlela. Kwesinye isikhathi, lapho zifuna ukudla, izinambuzane zenza izindiza ezinde. Ngabe udlani uvemvane wamehlo wepigogo? Njengama-lepidoptera amaningi, uncela umpe ezimbali. Phakathi kokunambitheka kwesinambuzane:
Iso le-peacock libhekisela kumvemvane wosuku, osebenza ngesikhathi sasemini. Ezilinganisweni eziphakathi nendawo, isizukulwane esisodwa siyashintsha ngonyaka, kuthi izizukulwane ezimbili zikwazi ukukhula eningizimu. Isizukulwane sokuqala sabadala sivele ngoJuni-Julayi, kwesesibili - ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Luhlala isikhathi esingakanani uvemvane lwamehlo w Peacock? Phakathi kwezinambuzane, ungowesifazane ophila isikhathi eside - isikhathi sakhe sokuphila sicishe sibe unyaka. Uvemvane luchitha ingxenye ebalulekile yomjikelezo esimweni sokugqwayiza okumisiwe noma i-hibernation.
Ubusika buluhlaza
Enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu uvemvane ukuthi ubusika busendaweni yabantu abadala. Abamele isizukulwane sesibili ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo bafuna indawo yokuhlala ethembekile yesikhathi sokubanda. Bacasha echibini lasehlathini, ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla, emifantweni yezakhiwo zamapulazi. Ngemuva kokugoqa amaphiko, izinambuzane ziwela opopweni abamisiwe, izinqubo zokuphila kwazo ziyahamba kancane. Ebusika, izimvemvane azikwazi ukuzivikela ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa kwezilwane ezidla ezinye, uma zingaqongeleli izakhi ezanele zomzimba, zingafa yindlala. Umkhuhlane oyingozi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Cishe isikhathi se-thaw, iso lepogock livuka futhi liphume likhosele. Okwesibili lesi sinambuzane kunzima ngokwengeziwe ukuthola ubusika.
Amagiya okuvikela
Ama-Butterflies anezitha eziningi zemvelo, lokhu kufaka izinyoni, namagundane, izilobe, izinambuzane ezinkulu. Ukwesabisa ophikisana naye, kwavela umbala ongavamile esweni le-peacock. Lapho ihlaselwa izinyoni, uvemvane luvula amaphiko alo ngokushesha. Ukubonakala kwamehlo asebanzi kubangela imbandezelo, kanti kwezinye izikhathi kubangela ukubuyela emuva. Noma ukulibaziseka okuncane kwesinambuzane kwanele ukubalekela esitheni.
Izinhlobonhlobo Ezihlobene Nebhungane
Ama-Butterflies omndeni we-peacock-eye anemibala efanayo yamaphiko ngephethini yamehlo. Lezi izinambuzane ezinkulu ezinamaphiko we-12-15 cm. Zisebenza ebumnyameni. Isici esihlukile somndeni izinsiza zomlomo ezincishisiwe. Izinambuzane azondli esigabeni sabadala. Ziphila ngokudla izakhamzimba ezinqwabelana isibungu.
Iso elikhulu lasebusuku
I-Peacock-eye pearl noma iSaturnia uvemvane oluvame eningizimu nasenkabeni yeYurophu, iCaucasus ne-Asia Minor. I-Wingspan efinyelela ku-155-160 mm, iphiko elilodwa - 55-70 mm. Lesi uvemvane olukhulu kunazo zonke ebusuku eRussia naseYurophu. Kusihlwa noma ngephutha amalulwane. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa, banezimpondo ezimfishane zekhekhe, i-proboscis yakheka ngaphansi. Umbala oyinhloko wamaphiko ungwevu onsundu. Esisekelweni kukhona umucu omnyama, imiphetho yamaphara ngaphambili nangasemuva inomngcele okhanyayo. Cishe maphakathi kwephiko ngalinye, isimbotshana esinezindawo ezimnyama nendandatho ekhanyayo siyabonakala.
Isipikili sehlobo lesikhathi seqhwa ebusuku - Meyi-Juni. Le yinhlobo ye-thermophilic engabekezeleli isithwathwa. Zitholakala eNyakatho ye-Afrika, eTurkey, eMedithera, eningizimu yeYurophu, iCaucasus, i-Iran, neSyria. Izindawo abahlala kuzo zingamahlathi namapaki anenqwaba yezihlahla. Abesifazane abasebenzi, abesilisa basebenza kakhulu, bayandiza phakathi nosuku. Kepha izinsikazi ziphila cishe amahlandla ama-3 ubude - izinsuku ezingama-20 ngokulwa no-8. Umuthi wokudla owuthandayo wezinambuzane zaseSaturnia uphakathi kwethanga. Kodwa bayakujabulela ukudla kuma-cherries, ezihlahleni zama-apula, ema-plums, ezifundeni, kuma-alimondi, nakumamephu. Isibungu sikhula sifinyelele ku-10 cm, phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila sishintsha umbala kaningana. Iso elikhulu likapiyuni linikeza isizukulwane esisodwa ngonyaka; ipupa liyahamba liye ebusika.
Ukunakwa. I-peacock-eye pearl ebhalwe ku-Red Book of Ukraine. E-Russia, ivikelwe ezifundeni zeVoronezh, iRostov neBelgorod.
Iso elincane lasebusuku
I-peacock-eye encane nayo ingeyohlobo lweSaturn. Ngokungafani neso elikhulu le-peacock, litholakala kuyo yonke iPalearctic. I-Wingspan efinyelela ku-60 mm. Owesilisa unamaphiko abomvu mpunga ngaphambili, futhi awolintshi wangemuva. Izinsikazi zinombala onesizotha okulula kombala onsomi ompunga. Iphethini imelelwa ngemigqa ye-wavy kanye namabhandeshi wombala onsundu omnyama nombala ophuzi. Iphiko ngalinye lineso - eliphakathi limnyama, umngcele umnyama futhi ulula.
Abadala abadli, baphila amasonto angama-3-4. Amakhethini ahlala ameva, ama-raspberries, amajikijolo, willow, birch, heather. Izibungu kufanele ziqoqe ukudla kwe-chrysalis kanye novemvane. Lezi zinambuzane zithambekele esigabeni sabafundi; iminyaka iqala ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.
Ungayinakekela kanjani uvemvane wepigogo
Abanye abathandi bezilwane zasendle baletha izinambuzane ekhaya. Omunye ufuna ukubuka ukushintshwa kwezigaba zokukhula kwawo noma vele abe nenhlanganisela yobuhle ekhaya. Kuyathakazelisa ukukhulisa uvemvane kusuka kwisibungu. Ifakwa esitsheni noma embizeni futhi iphathwe ngamahlamvu. Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuphapha, uzodinga inhlabathi. Umuntu ozelwe kuzothatha isikhathi ukusabalalisa amaphiko akhe. Ungayondla kanjani i-peacock eye butterfly ekhaya? Ukudla kwezinambuzane kufaka umpe wezimbali nojusi wezithelo. Ngenkathi efudumele, ungaletha nsuku zonke izimbali ezintsha, ezitshiwe kwisiza.
Ebusika, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi unikeze uvemvane umpe, futhi efulethini efudumele ngeke kuzwakale. I-lipale umpe lisusa kahle ikhambi loju. Umkhiqizo wemvelo uhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngengxenye ye-1: 10. Isinambuzane sithathwa ngumzimba futhi sitshale emaphethelweni esosawoti ngesiraphu. Imenyu ifaka izithelo ezintsha. I-orange, i-pearl evuthiwe, ibhanana inqunywa izingcezu futhi inikezwe isilwane. Usuku luzodinga okuphakelayo okungu-1-2. Iso le-peacock lingathunyelwa ngokuphoqeka kwizithomba ezilengisiwe. Isitsha seplastiki esinezimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane siyadingeka. Endlini enjalo, lesi sinambuzane sikhishwa ku-loggia, lapho somile futhi sipholile.
Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila kovemvane lwethanga izinyanga ezingama-3-6, ngokunakekelwa okuhle kuyohlala isikhathi eside sihle ngobuhle baso. Uma utshala izimbabazane esizeni, khona-ke kunethuba langempela lokuhlangana nezimvemvane ezinamandla nsuku zonke.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Leli bhungane elihle ngobuhlanya linamaphiko okungenani angama-65 mm. Ungahlangana nobuhle obunjalo ezindaweni ezifudumele nezishubile. Zise-Eforasia naseziqhingini zaseJapan. UButterfly ukhetha izwe elingamameleni, imiphetho yamahlathi, izitebhisi. Uyabona iso lesibungu ezivandeni, emapaki amadolobha nasezigodini.
Umbala walesi sinambuzane esimangalisayo ulawulwa ngamathoni abomvu ansundu, anezindawo ezigcwele emakhoneni ezimpiko, kakhulu ngamehlo. Ukuchazwa kwamehlo wovemvane, ikakhulukazi, umbala wayo kanye nalezo amabala asemaphikweni kakhulu kufana nencazelo yensimbi yepikoko, yingakho igama lesinambuzane.
Umzimba wesinambuzane unombala omnyama onezithunzi ezibomvu. Izinsikazi zalezi zimvemvane zivame ukuba zikhulu kunabesilisa. Emvelweni, kukhona ezimbili ezivame kakhulu Uhlobo lweso lebhabhathane lembethe - imini nobusuku. I-Day Butterfly yahlaziywa ngaphezulu.
I-Butterfly peacock iso
Okungashiwo ngobusuku butterfly iso likhulu eliphakeme? Embala walezinambuzane ezimbili kukhona amabala ngesimo wamehlo feather wepigogo. Ubhabhulasha omkhulu wepigogo wamehlo amakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadidaniswa ngisho ne-bat noma inyoni, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
Hhayi ngenxa yombala kanye nobukhulu bawo, leli bhabhathane laqala ukwaziwa ngabantu. Ukubona lesi sidalwa, ososayensi banqume ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sinobuhlakani obuhlukile okungajwayelekile kuzo zonke izimvemvane.
Ekuqaleni, bekunzima ukukholelwa kulokhu okutholwe. Kepha lokho okucatshangwe kusaqinisekiswa ngokomsebenzi. Kuyavela ukuthi leli bhungane liyalizwa iphunga elikhipha inyongo yensikazi. Leli khono libhekene nezinye izinhlobo eziningana zezimvemvane, okuqabukela kakhulu.
Lesi sinambuzane esimangalisa kakhulu sitholakala kakhulu kulezi zimbabazane. Isikhathi somsebenzi we-Butterfly siqala ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya phakathi ekwindla. Ama-Butterflies ayakuthanda ukufudumala. Ezitobhini eziphansi, bavuka ubusika. Emazweni anesimo sezulu esilinganiselwe, athola enye indlela yokuphuma kwalesi simo - awela ekubandakanyeni, aphenduke abe ngabantu abadala.
Isimilo nendlela yokuphila
Amehlo ka-Butterfly iso likhetha ukuhola impilo yansuku zonke. Lesi sinambuzane esifudukayo singenza izindiza ezinkulu, ezincike kakhulu esimeni sezulu sezulu sensimu lapho kuhlala khona izinambuzane.
Ngokuvamile, eziningi zazo zincike emvelweni. Isibonelo, izimvemvane ezihlala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zikwazi ukuzala isizukulwane esisodwa ngonyaka. Labo abahlala kude naseningizimu bangakwenza lokhu kabili.
Lezi zinambuzane zisanele ngokwendalo.Kepha bancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke, njengabo abaningi, badinga ukuvikelwa ngumuntu. Ukuze uvimbele izimvemvane zingangeni esigabeni sokunyamalala kwemisebenzi ekhethekile, akudingekile.
Kwanele ukumane ubeke eceleni okungakaze kuthathwe okwenziwe ngemvelo. Lesi sinambuzane sithanda kakhulu i-burdock ne-nettle, okuyinto emvelweni iya ngokuya incipha.
Emjikelezweni wokuphila walezi zinambuzane kunezigaba ezi-4 zokukhula. Kuqala, iqanda libekwa. Kuyo, kutholakala isibungu, esigcina siguqulwa sibe yi-chrysalis, bese siphenduka uvemvane (imago).
Ngokubusika ubusika i-imago udinga izindawo ezifihliwe nezinhle. Esimweni esihle, kulula ukubekezelela ubusika. Izimo ezinjalo zenzeka lapho uvemvane lithola igumbi elifudumele lobusika balo futhi lashona endaweni enjalo kusukela ligugile.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka kuchaze abaphenyi. Ngesikhathi hibernation, imago ngandlela-thile inciphisa zonke izinqubo zokuphila, ikakhulukazi le nqubo isebenza kangcono endaweni epholile.
Isibungu samabhungane
Ekushiseni, i-metabolism yemvelo yesinambuzane ayimisi, iyasebenza njengasesikhathini sokuvuka. UBhungane ephusheni akezwa lutho. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uphuma endaweni yakudala noma akavuki futhi.
Umsoco
Umkhiqizo oyinhloko ekudleni kwesidane sebhabhathane esidala iso lesikhonkwane. Uma kungekho sembabazane, angadla ama-hops ajwayelekile, ama-raspberries, amaqabunga e-willow. Kumabhabhathane, ukudla okubaluleke kakhulu futhi okuwukuphela kokuphela okukhethekile okutshala umpe.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona izimvemvane ezihlukile kulokhu. Ngokwesibonelo butterfly ebusuku peacock iso Akudingi ukudla nhlobo, kunesimo se-esegia lapho izinto eziphilayo zingadli. Umbuzo ukuthi zingaba khona kanjani futhi lapho zizipha amandla ngokwazo; kuvela phakathi kwabantu abaningi abanesifiso sokuyazi. Eqinisweni, konke kulula kakhulu.
Umbethe we-peacock wamehlo udla amaqabunga
Isekhona butterfly isibungu peacock iso, ugcwala ngenkani nazo zonke izinto eziwusizo, yingakho udumo ngaye lufika njengesidalwa esimnandi kakhulu. Amakhethini agxile kakhulu ekudleni kwawo kangangokuba asidla ngokuphelele lesi sitshalo. Ukukhethwa kwesitshalo kuleli cala kuncike ngokuphelele emthonjeni wokuthinta kwesinambuzane.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Photo: Butterfly Peacock Iso
ILepidoptera yavela kudala kakhulu: esikhathini sokuqala kweJurassic, cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingamakhulu amabili BC. Kancane kancane, bakhula, kwavela izinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo, futhi bahlala ngokuzinza emhlabeni kanye nokusakazeka kwezitshalo eziqhakazayo kuwo.
Ngesikhathi sokuvela kokudalwa kwe-proboscis, baqala ukuhlala isikhathi esithe xaxa ngendlela yabantu abadala, kwavela izinhlobo zezidalwa ezinamaphiko amakhulu amahle. Ukwakheka kokugcina kwezinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla kubizwa ngokuthi uNeogene - kwabe sekubonakala iso lepikoko.
Ividiyo: I-Butterfly peacock iso
Ngokubambisana nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-6,000, iyingxenye yomndeni omkhulu we-nymphalid. Kubukeka njenge-urticaria, okuyinto akumangazi, ngoba bangamalungu afanayo. Izimpiko zakhe ziyithoni efanayo emnyama-e-orange, futhi zimile kuphela futhi zihle kakhulu.
Le ncazelo yenziwa okokuqala nguKal Kal Linney ngonyaka ka-1759. Wabe esethola igama lezinhlobo uPapilio io. Ngemuva kwalokho yaqala ukuthathelwa indawo yi-Inachis io - leli gama lathathwa kunsomi ye-Greek Greece, futhi lahlanganisa igama leKing Inach nendodakazi yakhe u-Io.
Kepha ekugcineni, le nhlanganisela engokomfanekiso kwadingeka ukuthi ithathelwe indawo yi-Aglais io ukuze kunqunywe ngokufanele indawo yezinhlobo kuhlu. Kukhona iso lesikhonkwane sasebusuku, kepha lolu hlobo aluhlobene kakhulu: lungelolunye uhlobo luhlobo lomndeni.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Photo: Butterfly nocturnal Peacock iso
Akunzima ukuhlukanisa kwezinye izimvemvane, lokhu kungenziwa ngokuya ngomdwebo osemaphikweni - ngasinye sazo sinombuthano ophuzi ekhoneni, ngaphakathi lapho kukhona enye, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kubukeka ngempela njengeso. Umbala oyinhloko wephiko ngasikhathi sinye ubukeka njengesidleke, ithoni ye-orange ecebile iyanqoba.
Kepha uhlangothi olungafani lwamaphiko lubukeka luhluke kakhulu: limpunga emnyama, ecishe ibe mnyama. Lo mbala udonsa uvemvane njengeqabunga elomile futhi uwuvumela ukuba uhlale ungabonakali kubazingeli ezihlahleni zezihlahla lapho uhibernates noma umane uphumule uvala amaphiko awo.
Isikali sabo singaphezu kwesilinganiso - cishe 60-65 mm. Zinonqenqema lwangaphandle oluhlanganisiwe, lapho kudlula khona umucu wehabhu onsundu okhanyayo. Umzimba u-chubby, njengezinye izinhlobo ze-urticaria, ithuluzi elenziwe ngomlomo eline-proboscis.
Uvemvane unamehlo ayinkimbinkimbi. Kukhona imilenze eyisithupha, kepha kusetshenziselwa ezine kuphela ukuhamba, kanti ibambili lingakhuli kahle. I-dimorphism yezocansi kuthiwa: izintokazi zikhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nabesilisa.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Ukugqama kombala wovemvane kunqunywa ukuthi isimo sezulu sasifudumele kangakanani ngesikhathi sokudlanga nokukhula kwezingane. Ukube kwakumnandi, amaphiko ebengadonsa umoya, futhi esimeni sezulu esifudumele kakhulu umthunzi ubusunokugcwala ikakhulukazi.
Manje usuwazi umehluko phakathi kwebhabhathane lekhiyubhu yasemini kanye novemvane ebusuku. Ake sibheke ukuthi kudlani futhi kuhlala kuphi uvemvane olu suku olukhanyayo.
Uhlala kuphi uvemvane wamehlo wepigogo?
Photo: Butterfly Daytime Peacock Eye
Ezindaweni ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi cishe yonke iYurophu kanye neningi le-Asia. Lezi zimvemvane zithanda isimo sezulu esifudumele nesiphansi, ngoba kulula ukuhlangana eRussia, njengakuyo yonke i-Eurasia, ngaphandle kwasendaweni eseningizimu nogwadule, kanye ne-tundra.
Ukuhlushwa kwabo kuphakeme kakhulu eJalimane, lapho kuphakathi naseYurophu Ephakathi. Bahlala eziqhingini eziningi ezisendaweni ezungeze i-Eurasia, ngokwesibonelo, eJapan. Kepha akunjalo, ngakho-ke, kuKrethe, iso lesikhonkwane alindindanga. Ngasizathu simbe, lezi zimvemvane azikho eNyakatho Afrika, yize isimo sezulu sibafanele.
Imvamisa zitholakala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi kanye nasezakhiweni zasendlini - ziyayithanda le ndawo eseduze kwamahlathi, kepha ngesikhathi esifanayo zikhanyiswe kahle yilanga futhi zicebile ngezimbali. Akuvamile ukundizela enkambeni yehlathi, ngoba alikho ilanga elanele, futhi kunengozi yokulimaza amaqabunga lapho indiza phakathi kwezimila eziminyene kakhulu.
Zingahlala endaweni enezintaba ngokulinganayo kuze kufinyelele kumamitha ayi-2 500; azisatholakali ngaphezulu. Zithanda amapaki amahlathi, futhi ikakhulukazi amapaki amadolobha, atholakala ezingadini, okokugcotshwa, kanye nasogwini lwamachibi nemifula - ngamafuphi, ehamba ngendalo lolu uvemvane lungatholakala ngisho nasedolobheni. Kepha inani labo liphansi kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa ne-urticaria efanayo.
Imvamisa iso lesikhonkwane ligudluza amabanga amade ukuthola indawo efanelekile: lingandiza amashumi noma amakhilomitha angamakhulu, yize lidinga isikhathi esiningi sokwenza lokhu - ngesikhathi uvemvane lungakwazi ukunqoba ibanga elikhulu, lidinga ukubuyisa amandla alo ngomucu kanye nokuphumula, basking elangeni.
Ngabe udlani uvemvane wamehlo wepigogo?
Photo: Butterfly Peacock Iso
I-Nectar yezitshalo eziningi.
- I-Sivets,
- umdala,
- dandelion,
- i-thyme,
- butyak
- marigold,
- wezwa umthwalo
- i-clover,
- marjoram,
- nabanye abaningi.
Ngaphezu kwakho konke uthanda i-buddley. I-Nectar ingumgogodla futhi mhlawumbe ungukuphela komthombo wamandla kavemvane osemdala, kodwa ngaphandle kwaso, iso lesikhonkwane libuye lihehe ubisi lwesihlahla - ngenxa yalokho, livame ukubonwa ezihlahleni eziphuzayo.
Okunye isiphuzo abasithandayo yijusi yezithelo ezibunjiwe, bavame ukondla izimvemvane ekudingisweni, ngoba ukukuthola kulula. Ungafaka futhi uju noma ushukela emanzini ukondla uvemvane - kwesinye isikhathi izingcezu ezincane zezithelo zengezwa kuleli khambi. Udinga ukondla uvemvane ekudingisweni nsuku zonke.
Kwamacimbi, izitshalo zokudla yilezi:
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Uvemvane angabusika egumbini efudumele, kodwa izinqubo zakhe zokuphila kuleli cala ngeke zehle ngokwanele, futhi uzosebenza kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izophuma ngokulala ibisivele indala futhi indize kancane, noma izokufa ngesikhathi sokucwaswa.
Ngakho-ke, uma kuvezwe uvemvane efulethini lakho ebusika, kufanelekile ukuba ususwe ngokucophelela futhi ubekwe endaweni eseceleni, ngokwesibonelo, e-opicini. Lapho-ke ukucwaswa kwakhe kuzohamba kahle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Photo: Day Butterfly Peacock Iso
Ngendlela ye-imago, ibonakala ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi ijabulela impilo kuze kube uSepthemba - ngokunembile, kuze kufike isikhathi sokubandayo sekwindla. Lezi zimvemvane zichitha ingxenye enkulu yempilo yazo zindiza, futhi zingasebenza noma zingasho lutho - ngenxa yamaphiko azo abanzi, zonga amandla ngokumane zihlele.
Kuyasebenza kuphela elangeni - kuqala ukubanda kakhulu kusihlwa, ngoba bafuna indawo abangalala kuyo. Bathanda ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nokushisa kakhulu, ngoba ezindizeni badinga amandla amaningi - ngakho-ke bangahamba elangeni isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuqala enye indiza.
Zidinga nesimo sezulu esihle ukuze zindize. Ngakho-ke, uma isikhathi semvula nesibandayo ehlobo sikhishwa siphume, i-diapause iyangena ngeso lephikili - uvemvane luwela emgodini omfushane. Imvamisa, uhlala kuze kuphele isonto kuyo abuyele empilweni esebenzayo ngokushesha nje lapho sekufudumele futhi kube yilanga futhi.
Iso le-peacock liyisibindi eside sangempela, sisonke, singabali isikhathi se-hibernation, singaphila kuze kube unyaka. Ngemuva kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo kuqala ubusika. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi endaweni efudumele ikakhulukazi, iso lesikhonkwane lingabamba ubusika futhi okwesibili, liphinde liphaphame selibuya entwasahlobo.
Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangane naleli bhabhathane ezindaweni ezisezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu unyaka - kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba. Kuyiqiniso, ezindaweni ezifudumele ezinqabile kungenzeka kakhulu, entwasahlobo, mhlawumbe, izimvemvane ezivuka ngengozi nge-thaw zingahlangana, futhi zindiza ngamafushane nje.
Maye, ukufa kuzobalinda impela, ngoba uvemvane ovuka ngaphambi kwesikhathi lusebenzisa amandla amaningi futhi alikwazi ukulubuyisela ngenani elifanele - yize kwesinye isikhathi luyakwazi ukuthola indawo yokukhosela bese luqhubeka ubusika buvuke lapho lufudumele ngempela.
Ubusika, udinga ukuthola indawo lapho engeke ibambe njengasemoyeni ovulekile, kodwa futhi engafudumele: angakhuphuka ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla, ekujuleni kwenkunkuma yehlathi, kumakhalkini nasezindlini zokulala. Into esemqoka ukuthi le ndawo kufanele ivikeleke kumakhaza nabazingeli.
Ngesikhathi hibernation, uvemvane ungamelana nezinga lokushisa elibi, yize ukusebenza kwawo kungathandeki. Kepha ngeke akwazi ukuphendula kulokhu kuhlaselwa, abuye aphindise nokunikeza izakhi zomzimba - ngakho-ke, udinga ukukhetha indawo esecashile futhi uqoqe kuyo kusengaphambili.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Izibuko zezimvemvane zamehlo zangqongqo
Lezi zimvemvane ziphila ngamunye ngamunye. Lapho kuqala isikhathi sokuzalela, abesilisa bahlukanisa insimu phakathi kwabo, ngemva kwalokho wonke umuntu ulinde ukubukeka kowesifazane. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, uqala inkambiso yomshado, ehlanganisa izindiza ezihlangene nemidanso yomshado. Ama-Butterflies futhi asabalalisa ama-pheromones azungezile, okwenza kube lula ngawo ukuthi atholane.
Ngenxa yalokhu, insikazi iyavundiswa futhi ibekele amaqanda ayikhulu noma amaningana, cishe njalo izimbabazane. Kuthatha isonto noma amabili ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume amacimbi - esimweni sezulu esifudumele lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha, futhi ekuvuthweni okubandayo kuhlala isikhathi eside.
Lezi zinambuzane zibonakala ngoguquko oluphelele. Amakhethini wesizukulwane sokuqala avela ngoMeyi, futhi owesibili phakathi nehlobo. Kuqala bahlala ezinhlanzini, kuthi lapho sebekhulile, baphambuke komunye nomunye futhi baqale ukuhlala ngokwahlukana.
Amakhethini amnyama ngombala futhi ambozwe ngezikhala ezinde, yize eqinisweni evikela okuncane kwizilwane ezidla ezinye, kodwa abizelwa ukuba okwesabisa ezinye zazo. Umbungu empeleni ubukeka ungemukeleki, kepha izinyamazane sezivele zijwayele lolu hlobo, yize zingathinta impela abancane hhayi abalambile.
Sekukonke, iso le-peacock lihlala ngendlela yesibungu cishe inyanga, futhi umsebenzi wayo ophambili ngalesi sikhathi uwukudla komsoco. Ubopha iqabunga cishe njalo, futhi ukhula amahlandla angama-20, isisindo saso sanda nangaphezulu. Lapho-ke iyahlikihla futhi ichithe ngaleli fomu, kuya ngesimo sezulu, izinsuku eziyi-10 - 20 - njengasesimweni sokuguqulwa kusuka eqandeni kuyi-larva, lapho kufudumele khona, kuyodlula ngokushesha kuleli fomu.
Unodoli ungananyathiselwa emithini yemithi, ezicijeni, odongeni, ngokuya ngombala wendawo yazo, umbala wayo ungahluka futhi, ulingisa imvelo - ingasukela kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya onsundu omnyama. I-pupa, njengesibungu, inezikhala.
Lapho ukuthuthukiswa kuphela, ekugcineni, kwephula i-cocoon, umqhele wokukhula uvemvane, imago, ifomu layo labadala liyavela. Uzodinga isikhathi esincane kakhulu ukuze anethezekile ngamaphiko, emva kwalokho ayobe esekulungele ngokuphelele ukundiza.
Izitha zemvelo zezimvemvane zamehlo iso
Photo: Butterfly Peacock Iso
Ama-Butterflies anezitha eziningi ngazo zonke izinhlobo - asengozini kunoma yisiphi isigaba sempilo. Izimvemvane zabantu abadala - ngezinga elincane kakhulu kunelinye, kepha futhi zivame ukufela kuzipho noma uqhwaku lwezinyamazane.
Bazingelwa ngu:
Kwakuwukuvikela kulezi zitha ukuthi iso le-peacock lithole umbala ogqamile kanjalo. Kubukeka sengathi akasizi kulokhu, kunalokho, unikeza uvemvane! Eqinisweni, lapho amaphiko akhe evulekile, uhlala ephapheme futhi elungele ukundiza kude nomhlaseli, kodwa lapho esephumile, uyawavala futhi ahlangane ngogxolo lwezihlahla.
Uma umhlaseli eqaphela futhi amhlasele, uvule amaphiko akhe ngokuzumayo, okwesikhashana amdumaze ngenxa yokushintsha kombala okubukhali - ngalesi sikhathi esifushane kwesinye isikhathi sanele ukusindisa. Imvamisa, izimvemvane zifa ngenxa yezinyoni, zishesha kakhulu futhi ziyakwazi ukuzibamba ngisho nalapho zindiza. Kunzima kakhulu kwabanye abahlaseli ukwenza lokhu, ngakho-ke okusele ukubakhaphela.
Zonke izinyamazane ezifanayo zidla ezinye izibungu njengabantu abadala, futhi futhi ngenkuthalo ngokwengeziwe - amacimbi anempilo xaxa, ngaphezu kwalokho, awaselula kakhulu, futhi ngokuqinisekile awakwazi ukundiza. Ngakho-ke, inani elikhulu lazo liqothuliwe - ukuphilela i-cocoon sekuyimpumelelo enkulu, futhi ngisho naku-imago - ngisho nangokwengeziwe, ngoba i-chrysalis ayinakuzivikela ngokwengeziwe.
Njengasendabeni yabantu abadala, amacimbi ahlushwa kakhulu yizinyoni, ezithanda ukundiza ziye kumaqoqo abo zidle inqwaba yazo ngasikhathi sinye. Kepha okuphindaphindayo ngezinduku kucishe kungabi kude kakhulu: kunzima kubo ukubamba uvemvane omdala, kepha isibungu siyindaba ehluke ngokuphelele. Ngisho nezintuthwane ziyabasongela, zikwazi ukubulala isibungu esikhudlwana ngobukhulu ngenxa yezenzo ezihleleke kahle.
Basenezindlela zokuzivikela ezitheni: bangathatha indawo esongelayo, sengathi bazozihlasela uqobo, baqale ukukhwela kuzo zonke izinkomba, uma basahlala ndawonye - ngakho-ke okungenani ingxenye ethile izosinda, iphenduke ibhola bese iwela phansi. Futhi, kungakhishwa uketshezi oluhlaza kubo, okwenzelwe ukwesabisa umhlaseli.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Isithombe: Iso le-Butterfly Peacock Iso
Iso le-peacock alinaso isimo sokuzivikela, ngoba akuyona eyezinhlobo ezingandile - emvelweni kunenqwaba yazo. Kodwa amanani abo kulo lonke ikhulu le-XX ancipha kancane kancane, umkhuba ofanayo uyaqhubeka emashumini eminyaka okuqala wekhulu le-XXI.
Kuze kube manje, isimo sisekude kakhulu nokubucayi, noma kunjalo, izinyathelo zokuvikela le uvemvane ezindaweni ezithile kufanele zithathwe, ngaphandle kwalokho uhla lwalo lungancishiswa - ezindaweni eziningi isibalo sabantu sehlile cishe ngamanani abucayi.
Lokhu kungenxa yesimo esingesihle sezemvelo, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Futhi inkinga enkulu wukuncipha kwendawo okuhlala kuyo izitshalo, okusebenza njengokuhlinzekwa kokudla kwezimbungulu. Kwezinye izindawo, acishe aphele, kanti izimvemvane ziyanyamalala emva kwazo.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Lapho ugcina uvemvane ekhaya, kudinga ukugqugquzelwa ubusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yondle, bese uyibeka embizeni noma ebhokisini (izimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane kufanele kube khona) bese uyibeka endaweni epholile - izinga lokushisa elihle ebusika yi-0-5 ° С.
Ibhalcony ekhazimulayo ingcono, kepha ungafaka uvemvane esiqandisini.Uma ukhetha imbiza ebonakalayo futhi izokuma kuvulandi, kufanele unakekele umthunzi wawo - ukungabikho kokukhanya nakho kubalulekile. Ngakho-ke, i-balcony iyathandeka esiqandisini, ngoba ekugcineni, lapho ivuliwe, isibani sizovuleka.
I-Butterfly peacock iso azilimazi izitshalo ezitshaliwe. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, inenkinga yezenzo zabantu, inani labantu liyancipha kancane kancane, futhi licishe lacisha ukutholakala kwezinye izindawo lapho lalikhona phambilini. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuzama ukuwuvikela futhi usize izimvemvane ezilahlekile zisinda ebusika.
Umlayezo 2
Lapho nje intwasahlobo, ilanga, imfudumalo iza kithi, izidalwa ezimangalisayo zebhabhathane zivuke lapho ziluhlaza. Lapho sibabona, ihlobo lizwa ngokushesha.
I-Butterfly peacock eye, ngesinye sezidalwa ezinhle futhi ezinhle emhlabeni. Lesi sidalwa esihle sathola igama elihle kangako ngenxa yamabala asemaphikweni aso, afana namehlo amahle wepigogo.
Uvemvane wepigogo uphakathi ngosayizi futhi unobungako bephiko obucishe bube ngamamitha ayi-45-50. Insikazi inamaphiko amakhulu amakhulu kunaweduna. Ibhabhathane elinje ngeso le-peacock lingatholakala emasimini, ezimayini, ngisho nasemapaki. Ibhabhathane elinjalo lithanda indawo evulekile engaphezulu. Ehlathini, alizizwa likhululekile impela, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi iso lepogogo lapho ukundiza phakathi kwezihlahla kungalimaza amaphiko.
Isikhathi sokuphila uvemvane cishe sisukela entwasahlobo kuya ku-Okthoba, ngaphandle kokuthi, impela, kufudumele kakhulu noma ngaphansi. Amehlo wepigogo abeka amaqanda awo emaqabungeni ezitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho kuphuma isibungu esimnyama emaqandeni abekwe ngumbethe uvemvane, okuyinto engemnandi kangako ngokubukeka, bese isibungu esibi siguqulwa sibe yi-chrysalis bese kuphela-ke sibe imbala enhle. Inani eliphakeme lokuzalela uvemvane lenzeka ngo-Ephreli. Uvemvane munye wamehlo abekela amaqanda angamakhulu amathathu. Ibhabhathane elinjalo lithanda izimbabazane, ama-raspberries, ama-hops, ama-dandelion, ama-clover, ama-marigold. Uma esizeni sakho kukhona okungenani esisodwa sezitshalo ezifakiwe, khona-ke nakanjani uzobona lobu buhle.
Lokhu uvemvane oluhle impela, ngivame ukuvakashela lo muzi futhi ngihlala ngithola uvemvane wamehlo wepigogo ehlobo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngovemvane wepigogo.
- Amehlo ka-Butterfly angalali.
- Ezweni elinjenge-Afrika, leli bhabhathane lithathwa njengeliyindidane.
- Kukhona Amehlo ubusuku nemini, futhi abhekwa njengezihlobo.
- Ukuze uvemvane lundize, udinga ukushiswa yilanga.
- Amehlo wepigogo afihla ubusika.
- Uma lokhu uvemvane kuphazamiseka ngesikhathi hibernation, kungenza umsindoomsindo.
- Ngokubukeka, uvemvane wamehlo wepiyano ubukeka uthambile futhi uthambile, kodwa ngokumangazayo, leli bhabhathane lingaphila ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima kakhulu.
Bika ngesihloko se-Butterfly Peacock iso
I-Butterfly "Iso le-Peacock" luhlobo lwe-butterflies losuku. It got igama layo sibonga izindawo ezine uhlamvu ezine amachashazi aluhlaza “amehlo” ngaphandle kwamaphiko. Izimpiko ngokwazo zinombala osawolintshi obomvu noma obomvu. Umbala ngokuqondile uncike esikhathini sonyaka kanye nesimo sezulu esithinte i-pupa. Uhlangothi lwangemuva lwamaphiko luyi-brownish brown nenani lemivimbo endaweni yonke. Izimpiko zovemvane zingama-62 mm. Ubude uqobo busuka ku-27 kuye ku-31 mm. Abesifazane bavame ukuba bakhulu kancanyana kunabesilisa.
Lolu hlobo lwevemvane luhlala engxenyeni esempumalanga yeYurophu neJapan. Kaningi zitholakala eJalimane. Awusoze wahlangana nabo esiqhingini saseKrethe nasenyakatho ne-Afrika. Babuye bagweme izindawo eziwugwadule neze-tundra. Ungahlangana nabo emahlathini, emaphethelweni nasezinhlanzini, emapaki amadolobha nasezindongeni.
Isigaba sezinambuzane siqala ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Zinombala omnyama onamachashazi amhlophe namabhande aphuzi abukeka njengotshani. Ziphila izingane ngokuphelele ezitshalweni ezifakwayo. Kwabanye, inani labo lingafinyelela kumakhophi angama-300. Zisesidlekeni esivamile kuze kube isigaba sesibili sobudala, esiqala ngoJulayi kuya ku-Agasti. Ngaphambi kokuba ube chrysalis, amacimbi aqhuma. Uvemvane i-chrysalis luzohlala amasonto ambalwa. Ingatholakala ocingweni nasezindongeni. Itholakala ebheke phezulu futhi inesimo se-angular.
Iso le-peacock liqashelwa njengesinye sezimvemvane ezinhle kunazo zonke eYurophu. Kubhekwa njengento ejwayelekile ezindaweni lapho umuntu engazange afake isandla sakhe ku-biosystem yemvelo. Ngenxa yokuthi amacimbi adla izitshalo ezingenanzuzo nokhula abantu abazama ukuzisusa ezindaweni zabo, amathuba okubabona emadolobheni mancane. Kuyiqiniso, akuzona izinhlobo ezisengozini, kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, kufanelekile ukufaka isandla ekushisekeni kwenani labantu baso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga nje ukungabhubhisi izitshalo zokudla zezimbungulu (i-burdock ne-nettle) futhi usindise nempilo yezimbungulu ngokwazo, naphezu kokungazethembi. Ngokulandela le mithetho, abantu bazokwazi ukubona ubuhle bale nhlobo.
Izihloko ezidumile namuhla
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo ama-geraniums eningizimu ne-Afrika. Ososayensi bazi izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 ze-pelargonium (igama lesayensi le-geranium). Lezi izitshalo ezinotshani, ezinotshani nezinambuzane. EYurophu, uvele
Imali iyithuluzi elenza impilo yethu ibonakale ngaphezulu, futhi okungenani, ikunikeze ithuba lokuthenga ubuncane obudingekayo ukuze usinde.
Kunezinkathi ezi-4 ezihlukene kwiplanethi enguMhlaba: intwasahlobo, ihlobo, ukwindla nobusika. Kusebusika obuhambisana nesimo sezulu esinzima ngokwedlulele, lapho zonke izidalwa eziphilayo nezitshalo ziqala ukulwa.
I-Tsar Bell - leli igama lesikhumbuzo sobuciko bokusungula baseRussia bekhulu le-18. Yinsimbi enkulu enobude bamamitha ayi-6.24, amamitha ayi-6,6 ububanzi futhi enesisindo samathani angama-202
Imfundo yezingane ibilokhu ibalulekile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izwe ngalinye lathuthukisa umkhakha wemfundo ejwayelekile, kepha ngeke wanelise ngokugcwele isidingo sezingane sokwazi abanye, kungabalulekile kangako
I-Symmetry iyingxenye ebalulekile yomhlaba esiphila kuwo. Sibabaza ubuhle bemvelo, izakhiwo zokwakha, amadivaysi athutha nobuciko bobuciko
Mayelana nokubonakala kwamehlo e-peacock
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, lezi zinambuzane zingaba nobukhulu obuncane kakhulu, noma nje “obukhulu”. Isibonelo, ipigogo-iso elincanyana linamaphiko angeqi ngamasentimitha ayi-8.
I-Antenna peacock-eye mimosa (Argema mimosae).
Kepha abamele abomndeni abakhulu, abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, amaphiko abo afinyelela ngisho namasentimitha angama-27 kuma-wingspan! Ubukhulu obuphakathi kwamaphiko wamehlo we-peacock asesimweni esingafakwanga ukusuka ku-12 kuye ku-15 amasentimitha.
I-Peacock-iso le-selenium (Astias selene).
Ngokubukeka, umzimba wepigogo-iso ufana nezinundu ezijwayelekile zobusuku: lumbozwe nge-villi, yakha i-fluff eminyene. Izimpiko zinesimo esilula.
ISikkim Lepa (i-Loepa sikkima) ingelinye lamehlo e-peacock anemibala egqamile.
Umbala we-peacock-eye uvame ukuthobeka, ungalingani, futhi ucashile. Lokhu kuqhamuka nesizathu, ngoba abamele umndeni bayizidalwa zasebusuku. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo zezimpiko lapho amaphiko ezinemithunzi ekhanyayo, noma amaphethini aqhakazile.
Ahlala kuphi amehlo wepigogo?
La ma-arthropods ahlala kuwo wonke umhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. Bangatholakala e-East Asia (lapho bafinyelela khona ubuningi bezinhlobo zezitshalo), i-Europe, neMelika.
I-peacock-iso, noma iso elikhulu le-peacock le-nocturnal (Saturnia pyri).
Amehlo Peacock akhetha ukuhlala emahlathini anwebekile kanye namahlathi axubile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, atholakala ezindaweni ezinezintaba nasebangeni elingumgede, kepha kuphela lapho kukhona khona izihlahla eduze. “Ukuncika kwesihlahla” kwamehlo wepigogo akukhona ngengozi, ngoba izintokazi zalezi zimvemvane zichitha iningi lazo izimpilo zalo mqhele wesihlahla, kuyaqabukela zishiya “indawo emisiwe”.
Mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwe-peacock-iso
Awukwazi ukubiza lezi zimvemvane ezinezithelo. Ngonyaka bangakhiqiza isizukulwane esisodwa kuphela.
Amaqanda we-peacock-eye.
Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi kulungiselelwe isikhathi sokukhwelana: abesilisa bamehlo wepigogo bathola umphefumulo wabo womshado ngokuhogela. Iduna linganuka iphunga lesifazane kude ... kuze kufike kumakhilomitha ayi-11!
Izinzuzo kubantu
Indlela yokuphila nokudla kwenza i-peacock-iso ingenangozi ngokuphelele kwezolimo, ngakho-ke abantu, njengoba besho, bangazibambeli amagqubu ngalezi zimvemvane.
Emhlabeni wonke, imicu yesilika kasontanga isetshenziswa kanye nezinto ezifanayo zesilika, nokho, kukholelwa ukuthi intambo yeso peogock inamandla kakhulu.
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