Umdlavuza we-Blue Cuban ungowama-crustaceans aphezulu nomndeni wakwaKambarid. Ngokwemvelo, lo omele ama-crustaceans ukhetha ukuhlala ezindlini ezincane zesiqhingi saseCuba. Kungani kukhona? Ngoba eCuba, lamachibi amancane asheshe afudumale ngaphansi kwelanga futhi ahlanzekile impela. E-USSR, lo umdlavuza wehla ngo-1980.
Incazelo
Ngaphandle kwegama, umbala womdlavuza ungahluka kusuka kubomvu onsundu kuya kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ikakhulukazi kuncike ezimweni lapho uqukethe khona. Lapho nje isilwane sineminyaka emibili ubudala, igobolondo laso lithola umbala ogqamile futhi ogcwele satjani. Ngeshwa, izilwane ezindala azikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngosayizi ovelele. Ubude bomzimba obungenafreyidi busuka kumasentimitha ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12, kodwa-ke, emvelweni, kwesinye isikhathi ungathola abantu ubude bawo bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15.
Ema-aquariums, umdlavuza uhamba kancane phansi futhi ufuna ukudla. Ngasikhathi sinye, isilwane sibeka izigqoko zayo phambili. Ngosizo lwezandla zabo, izilwane zivikela uma ihlaselwa umhlaseli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlanzana zinezinsimbi ezincane. Amapheya amade ayizitho zokuhogela nokuthinta. Ukuhamba, umdlavuza waseCuba kufanele usebenzise amabanga ama-4 wemilenze etholakala ngaphansi kwe-cephalothorax. Isisu siqukethe izingxenye ezi-5. Ngasohlangothini lwangaphakathi lwesisu kukhona ama-pleopods ahlala ehamba. Engxenyeni yokugcina yesihlanu, kufakwa inhlama elinamaphawu amahlanu. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lunomehluko ohlukile phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa. Ezindebeni zabesilisa zinamandla amakhulu kunabesifazane. Amabhuzu amabili okuqala emilenze yesisu akha i-gonopodia, ebamba iqhaza ekuvundisweni.
Ngabe ubukeka kanjani umdlavuza weblue cuban?
Isimo somzimba kujwayelekile kuwo wonke amakhansele. Ubude ngaphandle kwezikhafu buvame kakhulu ebangeni ukusuka ku-6 kuye ku-12 cm, kepha kukhona imidondoshiya ekhule yaba ngu-15 cm.
Izinzipho. Iningi lempilo yomdlavuza ihamba kancane ezansi, ngezihlakala ezinama-spikes amancane abheke phambili ekufuneni ukudla. Kuhle konke ukuvikela ezitheni nasekubahlaseleni.
Amadevu Umdlavuza usebenzisa ukuthinta nokuhogela.
Amawashi. Uhamba ngosizo lwamabili amane wemilenze etholakala ngaphansi kwe-cephalothorax.
Isisu kufaka izingxenye ezihlanu, okokugcina kwazo okushiya umsila onamahlamvu amahlanu, kufana nefeni. Ngaphakathi kwesisu kukhona ama-pleopods ashukumisayo aqhubekayo (imilenze yokubhukuda).
Futhi lapha imibala Umdlavuza waseCuba ungaphansi komhlaba. Ungahluka, kuya ngezimo lapho umdlavuza uqukethe, ukuthi usuthiswa kanjani nokuthi umbala wabazali bawo wawunjani. Ungathola iCambaridae kuzo zonke izithunzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kufaka phakathi i-blue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ne-ultramarine ekhanyayo), kanye nokukhanya okuphuzi, abacishe babe nsundu noma abebomvu.
Kulula ukwahlukanisa insikazi nowesilisa. Abesilisa banezinzipho eziqinile futhi ezinde, futhi bane-gonopodia - isitho esakhiwe ngamabhuzu amabili angaphambili emilenze yokubhukuda yesisu nokubamba iqhaza ekwenziweni komanyolo. Abesifazane abanayo lemilenze noma mncane kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuphila kwekhilayfish emanzini asemanzini cishe siyiminyaka emithathu.
Ukuzala
Blue crayfish ku-aquarium ingakhiqiza inzalo unyaka wonke. Okokuzalela, i-aquaterrarium yamalitha angama-20 owesilisa nowesifazane ngamunye, onamazinga okushisa amanzi angama-23-25 degrees. Umhlabathi kufanele ungabikho, idwala nje elincane, amagobolondo, i-aeration liyadingeka futhi. Njalo ngezinsuku ezi-4, amanzi afanele ukukuvuselela, ikota yengxenye. Owesifazane ophethe amaqanda udluliselwa ku-aquarium ehlukile. Amaqanda avuthwa amasonto amathathu. Ama-crustaceans amancane amancane ayohlala kowesifazane izinsuku eziningi. Amanzi nezingane ayavuselelwa nsuku zonke ngezilinganiso ezifanayo nase-aquarium eguqukayo. Amanzi kufanele abe acwebezelayo acwebile futhi asha, angabi ne-chlorine nokungcola kwe-nitrate.
Ukudla kokuqala kwezilwane ezisencane yi-cyclops, daphnia, artemia, i-bloodworms oqoshiwe kanye ne-tubule. Kamuva, ungangeza i-gammarrus ne-bluefish fillet ekudleni. Kuma-crustaceans amancane angama-50, kudingeka ithangi elingafika kumalitha ayi-100. Ukukhula okusha kukhula kanye ngesonto, kamuva - kanye ngenyanga.
I-Molting
Njengawo wonke umuntu, umdlavuza wase-Cuba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ulahla ikhava lakhe eliyisithuthu. Intsha ikwenza kaningi lokhu, abantu abadala abavami kakhulu.
Isembozo sigcwele ngemuva, umnikazi ongavikeleki uphume kuso.
Imidwebo yemoto elahliwe ibukeka nje njengomdlavuza onamawele ngisho nezimpondo, kuphela iba sobala. Iyadliwa ngumnikazi wayo, njengomthetho, kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu.
Akakwazi ukudla, ngoba akukho lutho lokugaya ukudla. Indoda empofu izwa ingozi futhi ifune indawo yokukhosela.
Kungcono ukuyibeka ngalesi sikhathi esitsheni esihlukile esine-aeration enhle nenendawo yokukhosela eningi.
Kanjani futhi yini ukondla umdlavuza we-blue cuban?
Ukudla okungcono, kushesha ukukhula futhi kaningi i-molt ku-Procambarus cubensis. Ukudla kungenzeka kube ezansi kwe-aquarium ubusuku nemini. Kepha uma kuhlelwa ukuthi kunikezwe ukudla ngehora, abakwaCuba bazoshesha ukujwayela le ndlela bese befika endaweni yokudla ngesikhathi. Lezi ziklabishi zidla konke ngaphandle kokudelela nokudla okonakele.
Yini okufanele ifakwe ekudleni?
- Ukudla okwomile: Izikhukhula zenhlanzi, izibungu zomiyane, idaphnia, i-gammarus,
- Ukudla okuphilayo: umhlonyane wegazi, ishubhu, iminyundu,
- Ukudla kwezilwane: izingcezu zenyama, isibindi senyama yenkomo, inhlanzi enamafutha aphansi, i-squid, iminenke, amasele,
- Ukudla kwemifino: Izitshalo ezithambile ze-aquarium (duckweed, elodea, njll.), amaqabunga awile, imifino emisha, isipinashi neminye imifino,
- ama-feed ahlanganisiwe kanye nezibhebhe zemifino ye-catfish.
Kuyiqiniso, adinga ukushintshwa ukuze amakhrayoni adle ngokugcwele, alinganise futhi ahlukahlukene.
Izifo ze-Blue Cuban Crayfish
I-crayfish ivame ukufa kusuka kokuqukethwe okuningi kwe-nitrate emanzini, ngakho-ke udinga ukubhekisisa le nkomba ngokucophelela. Izifo ezijwayelekile kakhulu zabantu baseCuba yilezi ezilandelayo:
Isifo esihubhayo. Umenzeli we-causative yi-Aphanomyces astaci yefungus. Akuphathwa.
Isifo sase China. Umenzeli obambisayo yi-Thelohania contejani. Ungatheleleka esigulini somdlavuza. Ukulimala kwezicubu zesisu nokuqhela. Lesi isifo esibulalayo.
Shisa isifo. Kubonakala ngesimo sezindawo ezinsundu nezimnyama egobolondweni nasemilenzeni. Iphathwe ngama-lotions amaqabunga e-oak awile noma ama-alder.
Amaphara. Hlala phezu kwesembozo kanye nezigilibishi zekhrayoni. Lezi zincanyana kakhulu (1-2 mm) ze-Branchiobdella sp. liphuzi elimhlophe. Ungabasusa ngosizo lwamanzi okugeza kasawoti ongu-1.5%.
Futhi ekuphetheni, ngifuna ukusho ukuthi ukugcinwa nokuzalaniswa kwe-blue Cubaan crayfish kuzokwenzeka hhayi kuphela kulabo abanolwazi, kodwa futhi nakuma-aquarists okuqala. Futhi ubuhle babo, ukuhamba nokungathobeki kuzoletha injabulo enkulu.
Uhlobo lomdlavuza waseCuba nokuhambisana kwawo
Lesi isidalwa esinokuthula esinokuthula. Uma idliwe kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi ayithinti izitshalo nenhlanzi.
Umdlavuza uchitha iningi lesikhathi saso ufuna ukudla nokufutheka ngaphansi kwamatshe, izimpande namaqabunga ezitshalo.
Iyakwazi ukubhukuda, okuthi ngenxa yalokho iqhutshwa okokuqala ngqa ngumsila, bese ibenza ukunyakaza okufana negagasi, kukhuphukele kubude obufisayo. Uma wesabisa umdlavuza, khona-ke uyakwazi ukubalekela ngamandla.
Ngubani ongeke aqukethe i-crayfish?
- Ngezinhlanzi ezincane ezinjenge-guppies ne-neon.
- Ngenhlanzi yeveli, ngoba umsila omuhle kakhulu uzodala ukuthi umdlavuza uphethe ophethe kule nqwaba.
- Ngezinhlanzi ezingaphansi noma ezihamba kancane. Noma uCuba engahlaseli ngokuqondile izinhlanzi ezingezansi, angalimala ngengozi. Yebo, kanti nemvelo yokuphamba ingathatha izintambo, kanti umdlavuza umane udle inhlanzi ethambile noma ehogelayo elele phansi.
- Ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidla inyama (ama-arovans, ama-tetraodons, ama-stingrays, njll.), Bona uqobo ababanga nandaba nokuluma nomdlavuza.
- Ngofudu lwamanzi.
Ungazama ukulungisa i-crayfish ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu, ngokwesibonelo, kusuka emndenini wama-cyprinid (igolide, ama-barbs, i-balanteoheylus). Ungazama futhi ubanikeze indawo ene-cichlid noma ikatfish.
Ngokuvamile, amanye ama-olwandle aseluleka ngokugcina ama-crayfish e-Cuban e-aquarium ehlukile.
I-Blue Cuban Cancer - Ukujwayelana
Umdlavuza we-Blue Cuban isilwane esihlobisa i-arthropod, esikhangayo ngombala waso ongajwayelekile. Bayihambisa iyunithi lamaDekapods, umndeni Kambarida. Isiqhingi saseCuba siyikhaya lolu hlobo lwe-crustacean.
Lapho bahlala khona emanzini agobhozayo. Bathanda umsulwa kanye nokufudumeza kahle ngamanzi elanga. Isikhathi sabo esiningi sichithwa kungaba emathangeni ezitshalo zasemanzini, noma ngaphansi kwezimpande ezinkulu zezitshalo zomhlaba. Ezweni lethu, umdlavuza ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ovela okokuqala ngo-1980.
Ngobude bungafinyelela kusuka ku-12 kuye ku-16 cm, kepha ekhaya, iningi losayizi alidluli amasentimitha ayi-11-12. ICrayan crayfish ingaba ngemibala ehlukene - kusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kombala onsundu.
Konke ngokuqondile kuncike ezimweni zedamu nokudla okunempilo. Amapheya amade asekhanda abamba iqhaza elibalulekile lesilwane - lezi yizitho zokuthambisa nezinambuzane. Njengawo wonke ama-crustaceans, kunezihlakala ezimbili. Ziyadingeka ekubambeni ukudla. Zihamba ngemilenze emincane emincane, bese zibhukuda ngenxa yama-pleopods (imilenze yokubhukuda etholakala ngaphansi kwesisu). Umsila uhlukaniswe, ingxenye yokugcina isebenza njengompethi.
Akunzima nhlobo ukudala izimo ezidingekayo ukuze ibala eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liphile kamnandi e-aquarium. I-Cuba ayizithobi, ithanda indawo yokuhlala, amanzi afudumele futhi ahlanzekile. Umbala womdlavuza uncike ezimweni zokuboshwa, ikakhulukazi kubulukhuni bamanzi nokondla. Kuyiqiniso, okokuqala, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uvela kubo ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Umbala uyaphikelela kusuka enzalweni uye kwenye inzalo.
Umsoco
Ukondla i-crayfish eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanele kuhluke futhi kunempilo. ICuba idinga ukunikezwa kokubili ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi okuphakelayo kuhlala kuphansi kwe-aquarium. I-Blue crayfish iyisilwane esingathobeki, ngakho-ke ngisho nokudla okuphekwe kancane kuyokujabulela ukudla. Uma unika ukudla ngewashi, umdlavuza uyalijwayela ngokushesha bese ufika endaweni yokudla ngesikhathi.
Okudingayo ukondla i-Cuba:
- Ukudla kwezitshalo: isipinashi, i-zucchini entsha, ukhukhamba, amaqabunga e-oki omisiwe noma amaqabunga e-alder.
- Ukudla kwezilwane: izingcezu ezincane zesibindi, i-squid oqoshiwe, inyama yenkomo, inkukhu, inhlanzi yasolwandle (izinhlobo ezinamafutha aphansi). Yonke imikhiqizo efakwe kuhlu ibilisiwe.
- Ukudla okomile: izibungu zezinambuzane, i-gammarus, i-daphnia, izinqola zenhlanzi.
- Ukudla okubukhoma: Izikelemu zomhlaba, umiyane ukhukhula.
Umdlavuza we-Blue Cuban udla amaphilisi we-ancistrus ngentokozo. Okuphakelayo kudinga ukuhlanganiswa. Ngokuqeda zonke izinhlobo zokudla phakathi kwabo, ukudla kwaseCuba kuzohluka futhi kube lusizo.
Ntambama, umdlavuza waseCuba unokuthula, kepha lapho kuqala ubumnyama, imvelo ebekwayo iyavuka. Izinhlanzi ezincane ezingezansi zivame ukuba yisisulu sazo. Kungaze ihlasele ngisho ne-catfish enkulu elele.
Ungayinikeza kanjani i-aquarium
Ukugcina idlanzana labantu ekhaya, i-aquarium okungenani amalitha angama-20-25 ilungile (kususelwa kumuntu oyedwa olawula amalitha ayi-10). Ukushisa kufanele okungenani kube ngu-20 ° C futhi kungabi ngaphezu kwama-28 ° C. Ubunzima bamanzi ngaphakathi kwe-8-11 °. Kubalulekile ukucabanga ngesici sokuthi ama-crustaceans adinga i-calcium ukwakha igobolondo le-chitinous; ubulukhuni bamanzi kufanele buphakeme ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kufanele kube nokuqhutshwa okuhle emanzini. Ungakwazi ukumboza phansi ngesihlabathi ngamachabhu emabula. I-Blue crayfish ithanda indawo yokukhosela, ngakho phansi udinga ukufaka amatshe, imihume kanye nama-turrets. Izitshalo kumele zibe nohlelo oluqinile lwezimpande, futhi i-moss kungcono ukukhetha eyodwa ekhula ngokushesha. Isembozo sesitsha kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi sivaleke ukuze umdlavuza ungashabalali ubheke phezulu. Ushintsho lwamanzi kufanele lwenziwe kanye ngesonto. Udinga ukushintsha cishe ikota yevolumu.
Isikhathi sokuphila komdlavuza oblue ekhaya cishe siyiminyaka emithathu. Konke kuncike ekudleni okufanele, ekushiseni nasekushisekeni kwamanzi.
Umhlobiso we-Aquarium
Ungayakha kanjani kahle ikhaya lomdlavuza we-aquarium oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Phansi ungathela isihlabathi, mhlawumbe nge-limestone crumb. Kuyadingeka ukubeka indawo yokukhosela, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga ukucasha kwenye indawo.
Kuyadingeka ukutshala izitshalo eziningana ezinamaqabunga alukhuni, ngokwesibonelo, i-cryptocoryne Usteri noma i-Thai fern. Izithambisi zezitshalo ezithambile zingakhipha futhi zibambe. Izilwane zingimba umhlabathi, ngakho-ke izindawo zokukhosela ezansi kufanele zibe nesisindo impela. Izimpande zezitshalo zingasuswa ngaphansi kwamatshe amakhulu.
E-aquarium enama-crustaceans, kufanele kube nesihlungi esine-aeration enhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukulengiswa ukuze umdlavuza waseCuba ungakwazi ukufinyelela entanjeni kusuka phansi, ngaphandle kwalokho kungahle kuyizame ukuyidla ngezimpama noma ngokulimaza ngandlela thile. Ithangi kumele ligcwaliswe ngamanzi cishe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokungeza amasentimitha amane kuya kwezinhlanu emaphethelweni. Ukusuka ngaphezulu udinga ukuwuvala ngesivalo, ngaphandle kwalokho izilwane zingaphunyuka.
Ngemuva, uma isithombe sangemuva singahambisani ne-aquarium, ungabeka ishidi elimhlophe lapho izakhamuzi zizophumela khona, noma indawo yolwandle. Ngemuva kwalokho iphephadonga ngeke liphazamisane nabakhileyo bamachibi.
Umdlavuza owodwa udinga okungenani amalitha angamashumi amabili amanzi.
Izilwane zithanda amanzi alukhuni, okudingekayo ekwakhekeni kwegobolondo. Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate ephezulu kungalimaza izilwane ezifuywayo.
Ungazondla kanjani izilwane? Ama-crustaceans adinga ukudla okubukhoma, kanye nemifino, ungawondla ngengxube yezinhlanzi. Ukudla kungafaka:
- izingcezu zenyama (lean)
- Ukudla okomile kwezinhlanzi
- I-Elodea, uphondo noma i-duckweed, noma ezinye izitshalo zasemanzini ezinamaqabunga athambile
- izingcezu zezinhlanzi (ezingekho emafutheni)
Kuyaluleka ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuphakelwa, ngokwesibonelo, unikeze ama-bloodworms bukhoma, i-daphnia, kepha futhi nokudla kwesitshalo kanye nenyama noma inhlanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho amaCuba azokondla ngokugcwele futhi athuthukise. Ngenxa yokuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zingadla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla, ukuzondla kwazo akubangeli izinkinga eziningi.
I-Elodea, uphondo lwasempondweni, ama-cladophore angatshalwa e-aquarium, uma kunikezwa iqiniso lokuthi idili le-crayfish ezitshalweni. I-cladophore ilungele ikakhulukazi, ngoba lesi sitshalo asidingi ukuthatha izimpande, ngoba izakhamuzi ze-aquarium zingimba isihlabathi ukunambitha kwazo.
Kungenzeka yini ukuba ube ne-crayfish nezinhlanzi noma ezinye izilwane? Ungathola izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo, ama-cichlid, ama-crustaceans angenakulimaza, kepha kulokhu, umdlavuza uqobo kufanele ube nesiphephelo esingathembekile komakhelwane, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa cishe cishe asinakuzivikela ezinhlanzini ezi-cocky.
Izinhlanzi ezingezansi noma inhlanzi enomsila omude namaphinifa ngeke kugcinwe ndawonye ne-crayfish. Isilwane esifuywayo esisha singabopha inhlanzi ngomsila wayo ngozipho, siyilimaze ngephutha noma ngamabomu, ngokwesibonelo, emzabalazweni wokudla. Cishe zonke izinhlanzi (ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezinkulu) zingabanjwa ngaphansi kwezimpawu zomdlavuza, futhi izidumbu ezinkulu zingadla iCuba ngesikhathi sokuncibilika. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuqukatha i-crayfish ngokwehlukana noma usondele ngokucophelela ekukhetheni kwezinhlanzi.
Amanzi asemanzini lapho izidalwa eziphilayo zihlala khona kudingeka aguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Njalo ezinsukwini ezine kuyalulekwa ukuthi kuguqulwe amanzi ngama-25%. AmaCuba akhetha amanzi alukhuni, ngoba emanzini athambile kakhulu igobolondo lawo lingabhujiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, aeration enhle yamanzi iyadingeka, okungcono ubusuku nemini.
Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani umdlavuza wase-Cuba wase-Cuba ekhaya? Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokudla okuphezulu, i-Cuba ingaphila iminyaka emithathu.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Ngokuzuzwa kokuthomba, umehluko phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane uyaqala ukuvela. Emadodeni, izindlawu zinamandla kakhudlwana futhi zinde. Amabili okuqala emilenze yokubhukuda esiswini fuse ndawonye futhi akha isitho sokukopishwa - i-gonopodia. Ucindezelwa esiswini bese eqondiswa phambili. Kwabesifazane, imilenze yokuqala yokubhukuda incane noma ayikho ngokuphelele.
Owesilisa kusuka kowesifazane angahlukaniswa ngokuziphatha.Uhlala enendawo yakhe ayithandayo lapho angacasha khona ngemuva kokondla. Owesifazane uvame ukuzulazula azungeza umngcele we-aquarium.
Ama crustaceans amasha
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-25- 28 kuphuma izilwane emaqandeni. Izinsuku ezimbili zokuqala, zisuka emsileni ziye kwi-cephalothorax yowesifazane, ama-crustaceans adla ukudla okuku-microscopic okuvela egobolondweni. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, ama-crustaceans asemancane ahlala ebheke ukudla. Zingondliwa ngama-ciliates, ama-bloodworms, ama-cyclops. Abazali bangazinakekeli izingane zabo isikhathi eside. Ukukhula okusha kungekudala kutshalwa e-aquarium ehlukile enamazinga okushisa amanzi angama-24-26 ° C.
Ukondla ama-decapod crustaceans akunzima kumuntu wasemanzini. Kubo, asikho isidingo sokukhulisa ngokuthe ngqo ama-ciliates noma ukondla uthuli bukhoma. Bakudla ngentshiseko ukudla okufanayo nabantu abadala.
Ama-crustaceans amancane alahla igobolondo lawo masonto onke aze afike ezinyangeni ezingama-6,7. Phansi ungabona inani elikhulu lamagobolondo asobala njengama crustaceans afile. Kepha lokhu kumane nje kungumphumela wokuncibilikisa. Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okhanyayo uvela kuphela eminyakeni emibili. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, i-blue crayfish ihlala isendaweni yokukhosela futhi ayidli. Le nqubo iyadingeka ukuze izilwane ziphinde zenze izingxenye ezingafani zomzimba ezilahlekile empini. Zonke izinsuku, izingane kudingeka ziguqule ingxenye yesithathu yamanzi. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi we-chlorated! Kuma-50 crustaceans sebenzisa i-aquarium enkulu enomthamo wamalitha angama-60-100. Ukukhula okusha kukhula ngokushesha futhi sekumi ngomumo sezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Zuza futhi ulimaze
Iningi labantu liphupha ngokuthola i-crayfish eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ye-Cuba ukuze ikhiqize i-aquarium yayo. Lo mdlavuza uqhakazile, mkhulu futhi uyasebenza.
Yini inzuzo ye-arthropod:
- kudla okusele okunye ukudla ngemuva kwezinhlanzi, ngakho-ke uhlobo lokuhlanzeka kwe-aquarium,
- idla into efileyo (idla izinsalela zezinhlanzi ezifile, ezingazange zimbambe ngesikhathi),
- Kubukeka kuyaphumelela, kuhlobisa ngombala wayo ogqamile.
Ukulimala kusuka eCuba:
- umhlaseli uvame ukudla phansi noma inhlanzi elele (i-catfish, neon, guppy),
- isisiphathi sezifo ezithile, isibonelo, i-mycosis.
- bamba izitshalo futhi banyathele iminyene.
Ukudla Kwe-Blue Cuban Crayfish
Ukudla blue cuban crayfish siqukethe ukudla okujwayelekile okubukhoma: ama-bloodworms, i-coronet, ishubhu, i-Earthworms, lapho ungekho ongabanikeza izingcezu ezincane zenyama, i-squid, isibindi senkomo, inhlanzi yasolwandle enamafutha amancane.
Ukudla okuvela ezitshalweni, imifino ethambile yasemanzini (duckweed, elodea, njll.), Ama-hercule, irayisi ebilisiwe, kanye nezibhebhe zemifino ze-catfish, ezigezwe ngamanzi kampompi, zifanelekile. Kungcono ukuthi uguqule enye indlela yokudla ukuze unikeze umsoco ofanele.
Namuhla, abakhiqizi abaningi abaziwayo bakhiqiza ama-feed akhethekile ama-crustaceans aqukethe ekwakhekeni kwabo konke okudingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwabo okuvumelanayo.
Blue Cuban Crayfish - Dimorphism Yocansi
I-dimorphism yezocansi ku- blue cuban crayfish kuvezwe ngokuphelele futhi kuqala ukubonakala lapho befika eminyakeni engu-5-6 yezinyanga. Abesilisa bahlukaniswa yizimpisi ezinamandla kakhulu nezinde. Amabili okubhukuda kwemilenze yokubhukuda yangaphambili ahlanganiswa yilesi sikhathi, aphenduka isitho sokuhlangana (i-gonopodia), sicindezelwe emzimbeni futhi siqondiswa phambili. Kwabesifazane, lemilenze incane kakhulu noma ayikho nhlobo.
Ngaphezu kokwehluka kwangaphandle, abesilisa abavela kwabesifazane nabo bahlukile ekuziphatheni. Ngakho-ke eyokuqala ingendawo futhi ithatha indawo ethile ebekiwe lapho ihlala ibuya khona ngemuva kokudla. Abesifazane abanayo indawo enjalo; bathuthela kulo lonke i-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, lapho ugcina abesilisa ababili noma ngaphezulu umdlavuza weblue cuban e-aquarium eyodwa, eyodwa kufanele ilungiselelwe ukuqina ngezikhathi ezithile, ngesinye isikhathi kube kubi impela, umphumela wako okungaba ngisho nokulahleka kwezingalo.
Blue Cuban Cancer - Owesifazane
Ukuzalela Blue Cuban Crayfish
Njengoba sesifinyelele ebusheni ngezinyanga ezingama-7-8 (lapho sigcinwa emanzini sinamazinga okushisa angama-25-27 ° C), amakhanseli anganda, futhi kungakhathalekile isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela isitsha esihlukile, ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Amathangi angamashumi amabili nane azokwanela umbhangqwana owodwa wabakhiqizi.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi ekuqhekekeni kufanele ligcinwe ku-25 ° C. Kungcono ukufaka ama-grottoes amaningana noma enye indawo yokukhosela efanayo ezansi tank.
I-compressor yomoya kufanele ihlinzeke ngezinsiza ezizungeza ihora. Ukugcina ama-nitrate esezingeni elamukelekayo, ingxenye yesine yamanzi kufanele itshintshwe ngamanzi amasha kanye ngesonto.
Abesilisa nabesifazane abagcinwe ngokwehlukana batshalwe ngababili. Ukuhlangana ngokuvamile akuhlali isikhathi eside. Iduna lifaka insikazi emhlane futhi liyibambe ngezihlakala zayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokuzalelisa, engathatha imizuzu eminingana ihora nesigamu. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo, owesilisa kufanele afakwe kwenye i-aquarium.
Mating at oluhlaza okotshani akusho ukuthi ukuvundiswa kweqanda, kuzokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho-ke owesimame eqala ukubeka amaqanda, futhi lokhu kungenzeka zombili ngosuku olulandelayo, nangenyanga eyodwa. Sonke lesi sikhathi, uketshezi lwesisu lugcinwa ku-ovipositor yowesifazane. Ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda, kusetshenziswa izindlala ezikhethekile, insikazi ikhiqiza into ekhethekile enamathele ngosizo lwamaqanda anamathele ngokuqinile emilenzeni yakhe yesisu.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungahlala izinsuku ezingama-25 kuye kwezingama-30, insikazi ayilahli umsebenzi. Ukwakha umthamo wamanzi, uphoqelelwa ukuthi aqhubeke nokuhambisa imilenze yakhe ngokucebisa nge-oxygen masonry, ongabala amaqanda angama-30 kuye kwangama-300 ububanzi obungu-2 mm. I-Caviar ebekwe ekuqaleni inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (cishe omnyama).
Amaqanda acwilisiwe ayakhanya isikhashana bese eba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eneminyaka emibili. Ngalesi sikhathi, lapho umuntu ehlolisisa ngokucophelela, angabona ukuhamba kombungu ngaphakathi kwegobolondo elicishe libonakale.
E-aquarium evulekile enkulu, enamakhoselo amaningi, ukuqhekeka kungenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Umuntu osebenza olwandle uvame ukuthola ngalesi sehlakalo kuphela lapho ebona amaqanda kowesifazane. Ukuze ama-crustaceans aboshiwe angadliwanga abanye abahlali base-aquarium, insikazi enzalo yesikhathi esizayo kufanele idluliselwe esitsheni esihlukile.
Insikazi ingazalela amaqanda ngaphandle kokuzalela owesilisa (ngokwesibonelo, uma umuntu engekho, noma engafinyelele ebusheni). Kulokhu, i-caviar inombala opinki ophuzi. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola inzalo kumaqanda angenamanyolo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, insikazi ithela i-caviar enjalo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuhlulwa kwayo yi-saprolegnia.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, insikazi idliswa zonke izinsuku ngokudla okuphilayo (i-bloodworm noma ishubhu), mhlawumbe okuncane. Eminyakeni engamasonto amathathu, imibungu ijika ibe pink, bese imizimba yazo idonswa kahle ngamagobolondo amaqanda.
Ngenkathi i-roe isemzimbeni wowesifazane, uvikeleke kahle. Ngakho-ke lapho kuvela ingozi, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ibanjiwe, insikazi igoba inhlokomo ye-caudal iyicindezela ngokuqinile esiswini, ngaleyo ndlela ivala ngobunyoninco.
Kepha izingane ezivele ku-aquarium esejwayelekile zicishe zaphela. Ithuba lokujabulela ubumnandi, ngohlobo lwama-crustaceans asanda kubanjwa, ngeke laphuthelwa yisakhamuzi esisodwa se-aquarium.
Ngokuya ngokushisa, ama-crustaceans avela ezinsukwini ezingama-25-28. Ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala, izingane zihamba ukusuka emilenzeni ziye emuva kwensikazi, kungenzeka ukuthi zidla ama-microparticles e-enggument yayo yangaphandle.
Isikhathi esingangesonto, ama-crustaceans alengela kowesifazane, emva kwalokho adlulela empilweni yokuzimela. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunconyelwa ukuthi zidluliselwe esitsheni esihlukile ngesilinganiso selitha elilodwa lamanzi nge-crustacean eyodwa, noma insikazi kufanele isuswe kuleyo ndawo evundile. Nsuku zonke e-aquarium enezinsizwa kufanele ithathelwe indawo yingxenye yesithathu yethamo lamanzi.
Amanzi agcwalisiwe akufanele aqukethe i-chlorine!
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-decapod crayfish, izibungu ze-pelagic zivela emaqanda. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, zidlula ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zama-larval. At oluhlaza okotshani yonke i-metamorphosis idlula ngaphakathi kwamaqanda bese kuvela ama-crustaceans amancane, amancane kakhulu (3-3,5 mm), nge-carapace esobala, ikhophi yabazali bawo.
Uma ukondla izibungu isiko le-ciliates noma uthuli oluphilayo kungadingeka, ama-crustaceans amancane angadla ngokushesha i-nauplii brine shrimp. Ngenxa yalokho okuphakelayo akukho nzima.
Ungase futhi ukhulise i-crayfish ekudleni okulungiselelwe okwenziwe nge-powdery yezinhlanzi gazinga, kepha le ndlela ibi kakhulu, ngoba kunzima impela ukubala inani elidingekayo lokudla, futhi ukudla okungadliwanga kuholela ngokushesha ekuchithekeni kwamanzi. Ukudla okuhlukahlukene futhi okunempilo, ama-crustaceans asemancane kakhulu.
Imvamisa, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyishumi nambili ngaphansi kwe-aquarium, ubona amagobolondo amaningi esobala afana kakhulu nama-crustaceans uqobo, angadideka nomuntu ofile. Eqinisweni, lokhu kungumphumela wokuncibilika.
Ama-crustaceans asemancane akhula ngokushesha ngakho-ke ayaphoqeleka ukulahla i-carapace yawo yakudala njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-8-10, ngoba ngokungafani nomdlavuza, awukhuli nawo futhi ngokushesha uba maningi nawo.
Ngobudala, isikhathi phakathi kokuncibilika kukhuphuka. Ukubuka inqubo yokuncibilika kuyathakazelisa impela. I-carapace yakudala iqhume emhlane kanti umdlavuza uyahlakuka uphume kuyo. Igobolondo elahliwe kwesinye isikhathi lidliwa ngamanye amakhanseli, kwesinye isikhathi isikhashana ligcina phansi lize liqale ukubola. Ukudla igobolondo elahliweyo neminye imitshini kukhombisa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium emzimbeni wabo. Ukuphinda ugcwalise amasheya lapho amakhrayoni kwesinye isikhathi adla khona amagobolondo amancane, angenalutho nangama-clams.
Njengoba sesilahle i-carapace evikela, umdlavuza uyehluleka ukuzivikela ngokuphelele, ngalesi sikhathi singaba isisulu senhlanzi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nezizwe ezihamba nazo. Okokuqala, izinyawo ziyathinteka. Ngenhlanhla, imvelo, ngokungafani nabantu, yanikeza i-crayfish amandla okuvuselela izitho ezilahlekile, ikakhulukazi abantu abasha. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwesikhashana babuyiselwe ngokuphelele.
Ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu kuya kwezimbili, izingane kufanele zihlelwe ngosayizi, njengoba amakhono azo okuvuselela amandla buthaka ngeminyaka, futhi abantu abakhulu kakhulu bangadala ukulimala okungalingani nabalingani babo abancane.
Ukukhula Ama-Crustaceans Amancane
Ukukhulisa izilwane ezincane yindaba elula. Ama-crustaceans amancane azosebenzisa cishe ukudla okufanayo nabantu abadala: ama-ice-cream cyclops, daphnia amancane, ishubhu noma i-bloodworms, okumele inqunywe kahle, ifulegi elimhlophe lokuhluza, i-gammarus, ukudla kwezinhlanzi gazinga. Kubalulekile ukondla amaCuba amancane ngamanye ama-crustaceans amancane (ama-cyclops, njll), lokhu kuyadingeka ekwakhekeni kwegobolondo.
Ama-crustaceans amancane ama-molt ngokuvamile, cishe njalo ngesonto, emva kokuthomba - njalo ngenyanga. Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka obonakalisiwe uvela ngemuva kokuncibilika, kepha i-Cuba izothola umbala ogqamile futhi ogcwele ngeminyaka emibili kuphela. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, amakhrayoni awadli, futhi ngokuqinisekile adinga indawo yokukhosela, uma kungenjalo izihlobo eziphumelelayo zingabhebhethekisa abafowethu nodadewabo. Kodwa, ngenxa yokushintsha kwegobolondo, ama-crustaceans angakhula izimpondo ezintsha, imilenze, ngisho namehlo alimala empini noma lapho kuhlangana.
Izilwane ezilahliwe zamagobolondo zivame ukudla.
Amanzi esitsheni esinama-crustaceans kumele aguqulwe nsuku zonke, ethela futhi engeza cishe ikota. Amanzi akufanele ahlotshiswe, ngoba lokhu kufanele kuvikelwe esitsheni esihlukile ngaphandle kwesivalo (mhlawumbe ngejug noma ngentamo enkulu).
Izici zangaphandle
Umdlavuza we-Blue Cuban umake umehluko ocansini - abesilisa banezimpikiswano ezinde kunabesifazane. Amabili okuqala emilenze yabesilisa aguqulwe abe yisitho sangasese sowesifazane i-gonopod. Izinsikazi azinayo imilenze yokubhukuda, usayizi wazo womzimba zi-oda lobukhulu elincane. Ngosizo lwezipele, umdlavuza oblue ufuna ukudla futhi uzivikele engozini. Ukunyakaza kwenzeka ngenxa yezimbambo ezi-4 zemilenze, ezitholakala engxenyeni engezansi ye-cephalothorax.
Bheka ikhrayoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ingaphakathi lesisu limbozwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile ezenza ukuhamba kwe-pendulum. Ipuleti lesisu lokugcina, lesi-5 liphela nge-caudal fin, enezingxenye ezi-5, ezimbozwe nge-villi encane. Umbala womdlavuza e-aquarium ngokuqondile uncike kumbala wenhlabathi, ukudla, izimo zamanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi kukhula kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma onsundu-onsundu, ngakho igama elithi "umdlavuza we-Cuba wase-Blue" livame kakhulu kubo bonke abamele lolu hlobo. Ekuthunjweni, ama-crayfish aseCuba aphile iminyaka engama-2-3.
Ungawuqukethe kanjani umdlavuza oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Ukondla i-crayfish yeCuba kufanele ihluke: unganikeza kokubili ukudla okuphilayo kanye nemifino. Ukudla okufanele izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans amancane, izibungu zezinambuzane, izidumbu zomhlaba, i-gammarus. Uma ufaka imifino enganqunyiwe - i-zucchini kanye ne-likhukhamba ekudleni, zizoyidla masinyane. I-crayfish iqoqa ukudla kusuka phansi, ngakho-ke kufanele kube lapho ubusuku nemini. Ukuze ugweme ukubulawa yindlala, izinhlanzi ezingaphansi azikwazi ukudonswa ku-crayfish.
Impilo ekudingisweni kufanele ifane nezinguquko zesikhathi sonyaka, ukukhuphuka kanye nokuncipha kwamahora wemini kosuku ngokudala kwenza ushintsho lwezikhathi zonyaka. Ehlobo, amahora okukhanya kwemini ahlala amahora angama-10, ebusika - amahora angama-8. Vele, kufanele kube khona izitshalo ezansi kwesichibi (i-cryptocoryne, fern). Amapharamitha alandelayo wemvelo yasemanzini avumelekile: lokushisa ama-21- 21 degrees Celsius, acidity 7.0-7.8 pH, ubunzima be-10-18 dH. Ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi kuzosekelwa nge-aeration engaguquki kanye nokuhlunga kwebhayoloji. Izinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi zivuselela ukuzala kabusha nokumunyanisa. Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-chlorine ne-nitrate kuholela ekuguleni okungathi sína.
Bheka umdlavuza wase-Cuba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onzala.
Umdlavuza ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ungangenwa ngokungazelelwe 'ngesifo se-crustacean' esibangelwa yi-fungus Aphanomyces astaci. Alikho ikhambi lesifo. Uma okuqukethwe kwesilwane kungafinyeleli konke okudingakalayo, umdlavuza we-aquarium ungatheleleka ngesifo sobumba esithinta isisu namalunga. Izilwane ezifuywayo nazo ziyafa kukho. Okunye ukuvutha kwesifo, okuthinta igobolondo ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu ama-nitrate nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Iphathwa ngokufaka amaqabunga e-alder ne-oak ezindaweni ezibuhlungu zegobolondo. Ama crustaceans nawo athinteka yizimuncagazi ezincane ngendlela yama-microscopic leeches. Ukuze ubasuse, kufanele ulungiselele okugeza usawoti nge-solution solution kasawoti engu-1.5% emanzini ahlanzekile.