Angolan Colobus (Colobus angolensis) ezisatshalaliswa e-Equatorial Africa: enyakatho yeCongo, empumalanga yeGabon, eCameroon, empumalanga yeNigeria, eCentral African Republic, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeDemocratic Republic of the Congo, enyakatho nentshonalanga yeRwanda, e-Uganda, eSouth Sudan, e-Ethiopia, entshonalanga IKenya nengxenye eseduze yeTanzania. Ukubhaliswa okuyisithupha kweColobus angolensis kuvame ukusuka eningizimu yeSahara kuya eTanzania. Ama-colobuses ase-Angolan atholakala emahlathini aseceleni ngasogwini lwemifula, kanye nasehlathini elomile nelinomswakama kuze kufike phezulu kwamamitha angama-3300 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ukubukeka
I-Angolan colobus Unomzimba osindayo, umbala wakhe omnyama kakhulu unezinwele ezimhlophe emahlombe akhe kanye nezimhlophe ezimhlophe. Izinwele ezisehlombe zama-subspecies ahlukene zihluka ngobude. Elinye igama le-collus yase-Angolan yi-colobus emhlophe ejahwa ngumhlophe. Lezi zinkawu zinemisila emide kakhulu - emadodeni ubude bazo bufika ku-83 cm, kwabesifazane - 70 cm ngobude bomzimba obu-68 cm no-49 cm, ngokulandelana. Abesilisa bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesifazane futhi bangaba nesisindo esifinyelela ku-11 kg (insikazi cishe nge-6 kg).
Ukuziphatha Komphakathi Nokuzala
I-Angolan colobus bahlala emaqenjini ezithembu zezilwane ezifika ku-25. Imvamisa eqenjini kukhona owesilisa oyedwa osekhulile futhi kusukela kwabesifazane ababili kuya kwabayisithupha abanamawundlu. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-colobuses aqoqana ngamaqembu amakhulu abantu abangafika kwabangu-300, futhi, ngokweqiniso, kunabesilisa abaningi emaqenjini anjalo, kodwa ukwakheka kwabo akuhlali njalo. I-collus yase-Angolan ayinasikhathi esithile sokuzala, amawundlu azalwa unyaka wonke. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-160. Amacuba azalwa amhlophe ngokuphelele futhi aqala ukuba mnyama lapho eneminyaka ecishe ibe izinyanga ezintathu. Umama unakekela i -inyane izinyanga ezingaba ngu-15. Abesilisa bafika esikhathini sokuthomba eminyakeni emine, insikazi ibe neminyaka emibili. Imvamisa izinsizwa ezincane ziphoqwa ukuba zishiya iqembu ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele eminyakeni yokuzala, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi zingaphonsela inselelo owesilisa omkhulu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwe-colobus emvelweni sifinyelela iminyaka engama-20, ekuthunjweni - iminyaka engama-30.
Umsoco
I-Angolan colobus - izinkawu zezihlahla, akuvamile ukuba ziwele phansi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka osebeni lwemifula, lapho ama-colobus ejabulela khona utshani obusha obunotshani. Ziphinde zidle amahlumela, amagxolo, izimbali, ama-buds, izithelo, izithelo, ezinye izitshalo zasemanzini nezinambuzane. Badla kakhulu - kuze kufike kumakhilogremu amabili kuya kwamathathu amaqabunga ngosuku.
(Colobus guereza)
Kusatshalaliswa eCentral Africa: eCentral African Republic, empumalanga esenyakatho neDemocratic Republic of the Congo, eCongo, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeGabon, enyakatho neRwanda, eningizimu yeChad, e-Uganda, eSouth Sudan, e-Ethiopia, entshonalanga neKenya futhi eduze kwalapho izingxenye zeTanzania.
Isisindo somzimba wesilisa ngamakhilogremu ayisi-9,3- 13,5, kanti kwabesifazane angama-7.8-9.2 kg. Ubude bomzimba wabesilisa bubalelwa ku-61.5 cm, kwabesifazane bungama-cm angama-57.6. ubude ubude bomsila buyi-52-90 cm.Ijazi: Amnyama amabala acwebezelayo, obuso obukhanyayo nobuso obuzungezwe izinwele ezimhlophe. Ezinhlangothini nangasemuva emuva, izinwele ezinde ezimhlophe zakha ingubo eyi-U. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwamathanga lumhlophe, umsila ungamazinga ahlukahlukeneko we-fluffiness futhi unemibala ehlukile ngemibala emhlophe nephuzi ukusuka kwesisekelo kuye esipilini.
Ama-colobuses adla kakhulu ngamaqabunga, kepha kuya ngesizini, ayathanda ukudla izimbali, izithelo, izimpande, imbewu, amahlumela ezitshalo. Umswakama utholakala ngokudla, kepha baphuza namazolo namanzi emvula aqoqwe ezihlahleni zezihlahla. Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sesisu yi-colobus. Ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezingaphezulu nezingaphansi, enye engezansi iqukethe ujusi we-gastric, kanti engenhla iqukethe ama-bacteriotic ama-typiotic aqobisa i-fiber fiber kwizakhi zamakhemikhali ezilula. Ngesikhathi sokumba, izinto eziningi ezinobuthi ezitholakala emaqabungeni esitshalo nazo ziyabola futhi zingasebenzi. Lokhu kuvumela i-colobus ukuthi idle izitshalo ezinobuthi kwezinye izinhlobo zama-primates. Njengoba ukudla kwesitshalo kunenani eliphansi lokudla, i-colobus organism iyakwazi ukucubungula inani elikhulu lokudla okunjalo, futhi okuqukethwe esiswini kungaphezu kwengxenye yesine yesisindo sesilwane esidala.
Umsebenzi walezi zinkawu wansuku zonke. Ama-colobuses ahlala emiqhele yemithi emide. Esikhathini esiningi sasemini bayondla futhi baphumule, bajikeleza kancane, futhi phakathi nosuku iqembu lihamba cishe kuphela ngamamitha ayi-500. I-Colobus ihlala kakhulu emaqenjini amancane aqukethe owesilisa oyedwa osekhulile, izinsikazi eziningana ezindala namawundlu ambalwa nentsha. Uma kunabesilisa abaningi abadala, usayizi weqembu nawo uyanda. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu eqembu buthanda ukuthula, omama namanye amalungu eqembu baphatha abancane. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona amaqembu afaka izilwane ezifika ku-120. Thatha ukuthi lawa ngamaqembu ahlangene ambalwa.
Ama-colobuses axhumana kancane kakhulu komunye nomunye. Isimo sabo sobuso, ukusayinisa umsindo nokubonisa okuzwakalayo kuncane kakhulu futhi kuvame ukuveza ulaka noma izinhloso zocansi. Imvamisa yokuziphatha kwabo kuchazwa ngokuthi "kuzolile futhi kubucayi." Enye yezizathu zohlelo lwe-alamu olungathuthukiswanga kahle luphakathi kwezici zokuziphatha kwabo okuphakelayo. Lezi zinkawu zihlala ezihlahleni, lapho ukudla kukuyo yonke indawo, zisebenzisa isikhathi sazo esiningi zihlala endaweni eyodwa futhi ziyagcwala. Kubo akubalulekile kangako ukuxhumanisa izenzo zawo wonke amalungu eqembu. Ukuhamba umqhele wezihlahla, ama-colobuses aqinisekisa kuphela ukuthi awasondelene kakhulu. Lapho nje inkawu ingena ekudleni okude, ayisaphazanyiswa ukuxhumana nezinye izilwane. Imvamisa i-colobus idliwa ekuseni nasekupheleni kosuku, kepha imvamisa kunesidingo sokondla phakathi nosuku - ngenxa yalokho, asikho isikhathi esanele sokuxhumana.
Ama-colobuses aseMpumalanga ayizinkawu buthule, kodwa ngokuvamile ekuntweleni nasekushoneni kwelanga abesilisa benza umsindo ophansi ophansi, lonke iqembu liyalithatha. Ikwaya enjalo ihlala imizuzu eminingana. Ukubaluleka kwalezi zikhalo akuqondakali kahle.
Ukuzala kabusha akuyona inkathi ethile. Owesifazane uzalela iwundlu elilodwa cishe njalo ezinyangeni ezingama-20. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-140-220. Usana olusanda kuzalwa lunesisindo esingama-800 g, i-lactation ihlala izinyanga ezi-6. Abesifazane bafinyelela ebusheni beneminyaka engaba ngu-4 ubudala, abesilisa abaseminyakeni engu-4-5. Yize ukukwelana akuhlotshaniswa nenkathi ethile, kepha ngokuvamile amawundlu avela ngesikhathi lapho isikhathi sokulumelana sihambisana nenkathi yokudla okuningi. Usana olusanda kuzalwa luba ngu-20 cm ubude futhi lunesisindo esingama-0.4 kg. Uzalwa enamehlo avulekile futhi angabambelela ngokuqinile esambeni likanina ukuze abambelele kukho. Ethole, izinwele ezisemzimbeni zithambile futhi zimfushane kunezilwane ezindala. Amanye amalungu eqembu avame ukuthatha itshe elisanda kuzalwa nonina futhi angaligada isikhathi eside bese limyisa kude ngamamitha angama-25. Umama angondla yena nengane yomunye umuntu ngasikhathi sinye, kuthi lapho bebuka owesimame ephethe amathole amathathu ngasikhathi sinye. Isikhathi sokuphila kwe-colobus cishe siyiminyaka engama-20, siyisekudingisweni - sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-29.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-colobus yasebukhosini
I-Royal colobus - ama-primates - aphakathi ngosayizi onomzimba omncane. Abesilisa banesisindo ngokwesilinganiso mayelana ne-9.90 kg, isisindo esingama-14 kg, abesifazane bancane - cishe ama-8.30 kg. Ubude bomzimba buhlukahluka kusuka ku-45.0 kuya ku-72.0 cm. Umsila unobude obuyi-0.52 cm kuya kumitha eli-1.
I-Royal colobus kulula ukuyihlukanisa kwezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lweColobus ngezindawo ezimhlophe kuboya obukhanyayo, obuthuthukile obumnyama. Ezinkomeni zalolu hlobo, amantshontsho, isifuba, umsila kumhlophe. Izimbila zakhiwa emgodini ophakathi nendawo. Izikhwama ze-Cheek azikho. Isithupha sesibalo esandulelayo sifanekiselwa yishubhu elilula.
I-Royal colobus (Colobus polykomos).
Ugebhezi luvela ngaphambili. Imisebe yamehlo i-oval nge-ridge emfushane ebunjiwe. Amakhala awandiswa njengokunwetshwa kwesikhumba sekhala futhi angaqhubeka aze afike emlonyeni.
Izindawo Zasebukhosini Zasebukhosini
Izihlahla ze-Royal colobus zihlala iningi lamahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo (intaba nohlobo lwethafa), lapho kukhulunywa khona inkathi ende eyomile.
Ezindaweni ezihlala kuyo i-colobus, amahlathi anomswakama avela ezihlahleni zemidumba.
Njengamanje, iningi lami litshalwa ngelayisi nezinye izilimo. Kulokhu, ama-colobus ahlala ezinkungwini zamahlathi amancane asesikoleni. Amahlathi amadala asekhulile enza ama-60% kuphela.
I-Royal colobus ihlukaniswa indawo yamamaki amhlophe koboya: amhlophe amhlophe, isifuba, umsila.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-colobus yasebukhosini
Ama-colobuses aseRoyal akha amaqembu amancane abantu abangu-5-20. Umndeni uqukethe abesilisa abangu-1-3, izinsikazi ezi-3 - 4 nezinduna. Bonke baphumule ndawonye emthini owodwa. Imvamisa ehlathini kunezinsizwa ezingashadile ezingenamndeni. Phakathi kwamaphakethe ahlukene kwesinye isikhathi umehluko wesifunda. Kulokhu, abesilisa bavikela indawo yabo ekuhlaselweni ngamanye ama-colobus, bavikele imihlambi yemihlambi lapho ihlaselwa ngabazingeli.
Kukhona njalo isikhala samahhala phakathi kwala maqembu womabili, okungahlukumezeki kakhulu.
Ukuhlala, iqembu le-colobus lasebukhosini lidinga amahektare angama-22 wehlathi lemvula elinendawo enkulu yamahhala phakathi kwesiza se elinye iqembu lezilwane. Lapho uhamba, wonke ama-4 asetshenziswa, kepha esikhathini esiningi abambelela engaphambili, anamathele kumagatsha ngamabhulashi, ngeminwe yokuqala encishisiwe. Izinsikazi zilondoloze ukusondelana kakhulu, zihlala zilungisa izinwele zazo, futhi zibheka izimuncagazi.
Abesilisa abadala bephakeji bavelela ukubusa kwabo phezu kwabanye abantu. Izinduna zikhulumisana ngokwazo ngezimpawu ezibonakalayo: ukubukeka kobuso, ukuma komzimba, izwi, ukushukuma komzimba.
Ukuzalela i-colobus yasebukhosini
Idatha ngezinsuku zokuzalelwa kwe-colobus yasebukhosini iyaphikisana kakhulu. Kwamanye amaqembu, ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka unyaka wonke, unyaka wonke, kodwa kwamanye, ukuzalwa kwenzalo kuyahlangana nesikhathi esomile - ngoDisemba-Meyi. Kunoma ikuphi, ubukhulu bokuzala buya ngokuya ngobuningi bokudla.
Esikhathini esiningi izilwane zifihla emqheleni obukhulu wezihlahla ezinde, kuyaqabukela futhi zinqikaze ukwehla.
Ama-Royal colobus ayizilwane ezinesithembu, owesilisa oyedwa abesilisa nabesifazane abaningana, futhi kuyenzeka futhi ukuba umuntu azitholele abesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane abaningana.
Ingane iyavela, embozwe ngoboya obumhlophe, futhi njengoba ikhula iba mhlophe ngokuphelele, bese kancane kancane iba umbala woboya benkawu endala.
Abesifazane kuphela ababandakanyeka ekukhuliseni nasekondleni inzalo, nabo banakekela ijazi, bahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa. Ekuqaleni, izinkawu ezincane azikwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimela, futhi zihamba nesikazi. Indima yabesilisa ekukhuliseni inzalo ayikaziwa.
Izinkawu ezisencane ziyakwazi ukunika izingane ziseneminyaka emibili. Isikhathi esiphakathi kokuzalwa siyizinyanga ezingama-20- 24. Ama-Royal colobus ahlala ekudingisweni isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-23,5. Isikhathi sokuphila endalweni asaziwa, kodwa ngokusobala siphansi kakhulu.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwe-Royal colobus
Inani le-colobus yasebukhosini liphansi kakhulu. Izinkawu zalolu hlobo ziluhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN olunesimo sezinhlobo ezisengozini. Zingaphansi kokuvikelwa kweziNgqungquthela zase-Afrika. I-Royal colobus nayo ibhalwe ku-CITES (Isithasiselo II).
Isibalo sezilwane sehle ukwehla okungaphezulu kwama-30% kule minyaka engama-30 edlule, kucatshangelwa ukuwohloka kwendawo ezungezile, ukuzingela kanye nokuqhekeka kwenqwaba yabantu ngamaqembu.
Isikhumba esihle se-colobus yasebukhosini sabamba iqhaza elibi empilweni yezimpilo. Nguye obangele ukuqothulwa okungenazwela kwezinkawu ezingavamile.
Izizwe zase-Ethiopia ezinjengezimpi isikhathi eside zamboza izihlangu zamasosha ngoboya bezinkawu. Ukwehla kwenani le-colobus yasebukhosini kwenzeka kulo lonke uhla olusatshalaliswa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithinteke ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, lapho amahlathi okuqala asenyamalele.
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