Encane, ayikho enkulu kune-cockroach yethu ebomvu (Prusaka), crustacean. Isidumbu sakhe sigoqiwe i-arc, izinhlangothi zakhe zicekecekile, imilenze yakhe kufaka nezikhafu, ziyishumi nane. IBokoplav ithanda amanzi ahlanzekile, agelezayo ngakho-ke kutholakala ikakhulu emachibini ahlanzekile, emachibini nasemifuleni enesihlabathi noma i-calcareous. Le crustacean emnandi kakhulu, igcina icishe ibe njalo eduze kwaphansi kwamaqabunga bese ibhukuda eceleni komgwaqo, yingakho yathola igama - i-amphipod. Lapho ebhukuda, akahambi ngokufana, kodwa eqa, ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wakhe omkhulu awusiyo imilenze yakhe, kepha umsila wakhe awucindezela ngokuhlukile, bese kuba ngumalume.
Ukubhukuda kunelukuluku lokwazi, kepha ama-amphibian agxuma afisa ukwazi ikakhulukazi uma uwukhipha emanzini. Kwathi kwesinye isikhathi sawaop igxuma ibuyela emuva kuyo yonke i-aquarium futhi ngenxa yalokho, kunjengokungathi, ikhumbula ukweqa kwama-lobster, okuthi, njengoba besho, enza gxuma ngemfashini eyi-2-3. Umsila, ngosizo lapho i-amphibian eyenza lokhu gxuma, akaqhubeki, kepha uqukethe izigaba ezi-7, zazo ngazinye, ngaphandle kwezokugcina, zihlonyiswe ngemilenze yamanga.
Kulawa, ngababili abathathu abasemuva bahlala bengashukumi, kanti abathathu bangaphandle, ngokungafani nalokhu, bahlala bezungeza njalo, behambisa amanzi ezithweni zokuphefumula ezinamathiselwe ngendlela yamapheshana emilenzeni yomzimba (lokhu kulula ukubona lapho i-crustacean ilele buthule). Le ukunyakaza iba namandla komoya-mpilo omningi emanzini, njengoba ama-amphipods ephefumula kakhulu, okudinga ukuvuselelwa komoya njalo, futhi asheshe afe emanzini angahlanzwa uhlaza. Ngenxa yesidingo esifanayo esiqinile sokuphefumula, ama-amphipods, kanye esikebheni esithambile noma e-aquarium enemiphetho ebushelelezi, ngokushesha uqoqana phezu kwamanzi.
I-amphipod yesifazane ihlukile kowesilisa ekukhuleni okuncane futhi ifaka amaqanda ayo ngaphansi kwesisu kuze kube yilapho kuvela ama-crustaceans amancane kuwo. Singakanani isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kukhululwe lokhu okwedlule akukaphenywa ngokuphelele, kepha mhlawumbe kungabi ngaphansi kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu. Ngokuvamile, lo ngumbuzo othokozisayo okungaba kuhle ukuwuhlola. Lapho ushiya amaqanda, ama-amphipod awasakazeki, kepha hlala, njengonosana lukakhrayizi, ngaphansi kwesisu sikamama futhi ubukeka njengezinkukhu, ukuze uzivikele.
Ama-Amphipods ahlala ngaphansi komfula ongashonile, kepha awamanzi angcolile, cishe ngaphansi kwamatshe amakhulu kanye nezingcezu zokhuni, adla kakhulu ngezinto zesitshalo nasekwindla, ngokwesibonelo, ahlaba ngokusobala amaqabunga awela emanzini. Uma usheshe uphakamise itshe abahlala ngaphansi kwalo, sizobathola begcwele kakhulu, bancane futhi bakhulu, bexubene ndawonye ekudumeni okubi kakhulu. Kepha lapho nje bebona ukuthi baphazamisekile, basakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke uhlangothi ukuze bacashe ngemuva kwento yokuqala abahlangane nayo. Labo labo abasala bebambelele etsheni elisusiwe, ukuze bafeze isici sensindiso, bazama ukuzikhulula kulo ngokushukumisa okuqinile komsila, beya eceleni kwendlela, kepha bangagxili encazelweni efanele yegama. Uma behluleka ukuzikhipha itshe, khona-ke amagilebhisi abo azokoma maduze, ikakhulukazi elangeni, ngakho-ke isizathu sesifiso sabo sokuzixosha ngokushesha kungafanele sifunwe hhayi nje ngokwesaba okuvela esitheni esiseduze, kepha, ikakhulukazi, ekwesabeni kwabo ukukhanya. Uma zibekwe esitsheni, isenzo sazo sokuqala ukuthola indawo emnyama ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphansi kweshidi noma amatshe amatshe.
Ama-Amphipod ngesinye isikhathi abonisa ubuhlakani obuthile. Lapho sekuhlwanyelwe kubo imbaza encane, lapho bebona ubungozi, bacasha ngokushesha bahlala izinsuku ezimbili ngaphandle kokuhamba baze bakhipha i-catfish, kwathi lapho isuswa, baphinda babhukuda ngamabomu.
I-amphipod, ethathwe emifudlaneni, igcinwa kabi e-aquarium futhi iphila nobunzima isonto, abaningi, kodwa ethathwe emachibini, ikakhulukazi ngesiteshi esincane, ihlala kahle.
Ngemuva kokuhlela le mbiza ngale ndlela, isithandwa esikhulu sezakhamizi zamanzi amancane, uDkt A. N. Serebrennikov, wafaka kuyo ama-amphipods amaningi athathwe eKosinskoye Lake futhi, wasimboza ngengilazi, wasibeka efasiteleni elangeni. Imvuthuluka ibibapha njengokudla, noma nje ucezu lwesinkwa esimhlophe, ayehlisela kulo ngentambo kabili ngesonto.
Futhi kwakudingeka ukubona, esho, ukuthi ama-amphipods alangazelela ngentshiseko kangakanani esiqwini sesinkwa futhi, lapho esenamathele ezinhlangothini zonke, asikhipha, asidonsela ngapha nangapha, asidwengula izingcezu, esidla sigcwala. Zonke ezinye izikhathi abephumule bazilinganisa, noma bezikhipha bese bezungeza eceleni komgwaqo, befaka izinhlamvu zesihlabathi ngamawele abo angaphambili, noma ngokuzumayo bakhuphukele phezulu, bechaza imigwaqo emincane lapho ihamba.
Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva, ngemuva kokubeka ama-amphipod emgodleni, uS. waqala ukuqaphela ukuthi ezinye zazo zaqala ukubhukuda ngababili, kwathi ngolweshumi kuFebhuwari iqembu lonke lezidalwa ezinesizungu, ezingazelelekile zavele zaxhuma. 'Kwakungaziwa lapho kuzalwa omncane. Ngemuva kokuntanta ngaphandle kwegazebo yabo eluhlaza, izingane ngokushesha zakhuphuka zabuya lapho futhi zabhukuda zisuka lapho kuphela uma zethuswa yinoma yini noma ubani. Ngokusobala, bathola lapho ukudla okudingekile noma bazifihla ngokushushiswa kwabazali babo abahaha kakhulu.
Ukusuka ekubonweni okunye, kwavela ukuthi inani lezingane ezizalwe ebhange lalingaba ngu-12. I-fry yakhula, ngokusho C, ngokushesha, yachitha sonke isikhumba sazo, njengamanye amakhankethi, futhi kancane kancane yalingana ngosayizi kubantu abadala.
Kuleli nani, akuyena wonke umuntu osekhulile. Ingxenye yabo yafa, mhlawumbe idliwe ngabazali bayo, nengxenye yokushisa, ngoba bonke abakwazi ukumelana nokushisa futhi bafe kuyo ngobuningi. Ukuvimba isifo esiwumshayabhuqe, u-S. ungeze amanzi abandayo, awavuselela ngokushesha, futhi wamboza imbiza ngokukhanya nephepha kusuka phezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthola umthunzi omkhulu, bacasha kuwo ngenhla, becasha emisebeni yelanga, okwakungemnandi kubo. Ukondla imifino ebolile, i-amphibias idla ngokulangazelela izinhlanzi ezibolile, inyama nakho konke ukudla kwezilwane, ngakho-ke kuyinto ehlelekile kakhulu. Ukudla okugcina, kukhula ngokushesha okukhulu bese kuba kukhula. Uthanda ikakhulukazi izikhwanyana ezincane zomhlaba, lapho ama-amphibians evame ukuhlasela futhi agaye izingcezu zazo.
Eduze naseMoscow, ubuningi bama-amphipods buhlukaniswa yiSvyatoye Ozero2 eKosin (eduze neMosk.-Kaz. Railway). La ma-amphipod atholakala lapha ngamanani amakhulu futhi atholakala ngasogwini, eduze kwezimpande zesitshalo, e-duckweed, elodea, futhi nangaphansi kwemigodi esakazeke ngasogwini. Amanzi aseKosin ahlanzekile impela, asobala, futhi inhlabathi icwebile, inesihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho izinhlamvu zahlangana nami emfuleni. Kufundwa esigodini saseListvyany
Ama-Amphipods, njengoba besho, enza ukudla okungcono kakhulu kwe-proteina, okuthi, njengoba wazi, akwemukeli ukudla okufile, futhi uma kudla izikelesi zomhlaba, akazimisele ngokukhethekile. Ukubhukuda eduze neProteus, ama-amphipods akitaza ngesiphundu sakhe bese ngokwenza lesi silwane esiyimpumputhe sazi ngobukhona bakhe ..
Ahlala kuphi ama-amphipods?
Ama-amphipod ama-Shrimp asakazekile. Ezinye izinhlobo zikaphayfish ahlukahlukene ahlala olwandle. Kunezinhlobo zemdlavuza wokuhlanza obizwa ngokuthi izintwala zomnenga.
Bahlangana ngamaqembu amakhulu emihlathini badle isikhumba sabo. Imvamisa zibangela izilonda ezijulile. Izinwele ze-Whale, ngokungafani namanye ama-crustaceans we-parasitic, azinazo izigaba zokuntanta kwamahhala. Ama-parasites adlula komunye umkhomo aye komunye ngesikhathi sokuza, futhi adluliselwa ezinganeni zawo zisuka konina ngobisi.
Ama-Amphipod mancane kakhulu.
Ezinhlanzini zamanzi amasha we-amphipods kuncane kakhulu. EBaikal kuphela lapho kukhona khona inala yezinhlobo zezilwane, cishe zingama-240 izinhlobo zohlobo lwe crustaceans ezihlala lapho, futhi zitholakala kuleli chibi kuphela. Ama-Amphipod awakavumelaniswa nama-crustaceans omhlaba.
Imvamisa la ma-crustaceans alala ezinhlangothini zawo, esihlabathini esiseduze namanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi bakha ungqimba olunamandla olushukumisayo, futhi abantu ngamanye kwesinye isikhathi bagxume baphume esixukwini. Lapho umuntu noma isilwane esikhulu sisondela, ama crustaceans aqala ukugxuma njengamaza, ehudula esihlabathini ngemilenze nangezisu zazo.
Emini, amakhethini olwandle ahlala ngaphansi kwamadwala noma ngaphansi kolwelwe olulele ogwini, futhi ebusuku asuka ngokushesha ogwini futhi afune ulwelwe oluvunayo aludlayo. Ama-amphipods ama-crustaceans aphefumula ngama-gill, ngakho-ke angahlala kuphela endaweni enomswakama. EsiQhingini SaseCommander, bachitha ubusika obuphezulu ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, ngaphansi kweqhwa, bewela ekuweni.
Ama-Amphipods aqala indlela yokuphila yokuhlaselana.
Amphipod amakhono
Amapheya olwandle ayakwazi ukuhamba kahle elangeni. Ochwepheshe benza isipiliyoni sesayensi: babeka amazeze asolwandle enkabeni yomkhumbi obonakalayo, isikhala esisele sahlukaniswa saba yimikhakha, kwathi ngemuva kwesikhashana wonke ama-crustaceans abuthana emkhakheni obhekene nolwandle (ngokusho kwekhampasi). Kuyavela ukuthi njalo ngehora i-fleas yolwandle ihamba engxenyeni ethile iye elangeni, futhi ebusuku ukuhamba kwayo kuncike endaweni enyangeni.
Ama-shrimp amphipods angakwazi ukuhamba ebumnyameni. Amapheya olwandle ahlala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zogu ayakwazi ukuzulazula maqondana nelanga ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ezingasogwini ngokuya ngezimpawu zogu lolwandle. Ukuhlobana phakathi kokuqondisa kokuhamba kanye noshintsho ekhoneni eliphakathi komthombo wokukhanya kungathathwa njengobufakazi bokuba khona kwe "biological wachi" ethinta isimo somzimba.
Le amphipod ye-crustacean inosayizi wamamilimitha amabili kuphela ubude.
Amakhono angajwayelekile anama-hyperiopsis ama-amphibian ahlala ngokujulile. Imihlathi yakhe inesimo se-asymmetric, kuyilapho imihlathi yesokunxele ikhulu kakhulu kunakwesokunene. Esihlathini sobunxele i-palp iyavuvukala, ohlangothini lwayo olungaphakathi kunamazinyo afiphale, futhi ingxenye engaphandle inesimo se-convex futhi iyisisekelo. Amazinyo ayatholakala palp yomhlathi wesokudla, lapho i-crustacean idlula khona ngamazinyo omhlathi wesobunxele, okuholela ekuzwakaliseni imisindo. I-Hyperiopsis isebenzisa leli khono ukuhlangana ngamaqembu ebumnyameni obugcwele. Futhi ama-amphipods kolunye uhlobo oluhlobene nawo asebenzisa amakhono omsindo ukuheha izintokazi.
Ama-amphipod amaningi angangena emhlabathini ngejubane lombani. Ngenkathi kwenziwa le nqubo, banamathisela izinzwa esihlabathini, bese bezicosha ngemilenze ebukekayo, kuyilapho besebenzisa imilenze yokubamba ukulahla inhlabathi. Ama-Amphibians enza lo msebenzi ngejubane elikhulu. Leli khono libe nomthelela ekusakazweni kwama-amphipods kusuka olwandle akhuphuke imifula, njengoba isihlabathi singavumeli okwamanje ukuthwala i-crustacean phansi. Ngakho-ke, ama-crumpaceans e-amphipod asakazeka kulo lonke elaseVolga aze afinyelela phezulu kakhulu. Bangena kwiVolga besuka eLwandle lweCaspian.
Ama-Amphipods ayakwazi ukuzingcwaba cishe manjalo emhlabathini asengozini.
Izinhlobo eziningi zama-amphipods ama-omnivores. Zidla imifino yasemanzini efile neyiphilayo, izinsalela zezilwane, ukubola. Izingcezu zokudla kwe-crustacean ziyalunywa ngosizo lokukhotha futhi zizenze zithambe. Imihlathi ivimbela izinhlayiya ezincane zokudla ukuthi zingaweli emanzini. Amanye ama-crustaceans adla ngokusebenzisa ikhono lokuhlunga. Lapho igagasi lisuka ogwini, amakhethini olwandle ahlala esihlabathini, akhishwe kuwo ngaphambili komzimba. Lapho inhlabathi idalulwa, ama-crustaceans agaya kuwo ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenzeka ngawo wonke amagagasi amasha.
Ama-Amphipod abalulekile emvelweni, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zidla kuwo, kufaka phakathi ezentengiso. Olwandle i-Azov kanye nolwandle i-Caspian Sea, ama-bream kanye nama-sturgeon amancane adla ama-crustaceans, e-Far East adliwe yi-founders, emanzini amasha, i-trout, nasemifuleni esenyakatho, i-om, muksuna kanye ne-vendace. La ma-crustaceans angeniswa ngokungemthetho ezindlini zokugcina ezintsha ukuze andise ukufuthelwa kwezinhlanzi.
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