E-China, i-BYD ne-Environmental Sanitation Engineering Group basebenzisa iphrojekthi ehlangene yokwenza ngcono imvelo. Baqala ulayini wamaloli kadoti kagesi. Ayethulwe emcimbini. Ngokuzayo, kuhlelwe ukuthi bazobuyisela cishe ingxenye yezimoto zenkampani yokuhlanza idolobha. Ngenxa yalokhu, uma kuphela unyaka olandelayo, imikhumbi yemishini kadoti kufanele ibe namamodeli kagesi kuphela. Ukuthuthwa kwendle kwemvelo

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• ukuhlanzwa komoya
• ngihlanza imigwaqo yedolobha,
• ukuthutha imfucuza eqinile kamasipala,
• ukuchelela izikhala eziluhlaza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani isebenzisana nezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwama-megacities.

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Ngokuqondene nemishini emisha kagesi yokuqoqwa kukadoti, ukusesha, ukunisela utshani, ayigcini ngokugcina izinsiza kusebenza kuphela, kodwa futhi isebenza kahle futhi ikhiqiza nomsindo omncane. Izimoto zigijimisana namabhethri akhethekile angakhokhwa kabusha, anciphisa ukuphuma kwekhabhoni emoyeni. Lawa madivayisi kulula ukufakwa kabusha, futhi ukushaja kwawo kwanele ngokuhamba isikhathi eside. IBeijing, njengamanye amadolobha aseChina, izosizakala kuphela uma isebenzisa amaloli kadoti nezinye izinto ezikhethekile kugesi.

KAMAZ iloli kadoti kagesi: imininingwane yokuqala

Khumbula, angikaze ngibe khona lapho ngihamba ngebhasi elihamba ngeKAMAZ? Kepha kuvela ukuthi onjiniyela besitshalo se-Kama ngokuzayo bafuna ukufaka ugesi hhayi kuphela umgibeli. Engqungqutheleni yenkampani iRG-Techno, ngaphezu kwemishini ejwayelekile kadoti ebikhuluma ngayo, kwethulwe iphrojekthi yamaloli kagesi kaKAMAZ.

Sekukonke, umbono wokuguqula iloli lodoti ungene ekuthatheni kukagesi unengqondo. Umzila wayo ubikezelwe ngokunemba kwamamitha ambalwa, ngakho-ke kulula ukubala ukuthi kugcinwa amandla angakanani. Futhi ngokususelwa kule datha, ungalukhetha kalula uhlobo nobungako bamabhethri, futhi unqume nendawo yeziteshi zokushaja.

Iphrojekthi ye-KAMAZ hybrid chassis yokwakhiwa kukadoti

Kunezinketho ezintathu zamaloli kadoti kagesi ekwakhiweni kwe-KAMAZ. Njengoba kubonakala emifanekisweni yethu, wonke azohlonyelwa nge-Mercedes cab entsha.

Owokuqala yi-hybrid. Injini enkulu kuyo iyinjini yedizili enama-300-horsepower Cummins, esisizwa yimoto kagesi yeBosch enamandla afinyelela ku-120 kW (163 hp).

Kucatshangelwa ukuthi emigwaqweni ejwayelekile i-hybrid enjalo izohamba idonswa lapho idonsa ngodizili, kuthi uma ingena egcekeni, ishintshe ibuye lapho idonswa khona ngogesi.

Kusuka emotweni kagesi ukuthi wonke amayunithi afakiwe azohanjiswa, ukuze umsebenzi omkhulu weloli lodoti ungenziwa uma kungenjalo uthule, bese kuthula kakhulu.

Iloli kadoti kagesi enziwe ngogesi owengeziwe

Umqondo wesibili iloli likadoti kagesi eline-mileage extender. Injini eyinhloko yalesi yunithi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngogesi, ngamandla ka-250 kW. Asinayo idatha eqondile kumthamo webhethri, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi baqinisekisa ama-70 km wemayela kagesi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akubalulekile kangako, ngoba injini encane yedizili enobunzima be-kW inganikeza ukushaja kwebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela ikhule imitha.

Kukhona okwesithathu, kagesi ngokuphelele, iphrojekthi (esithombeni sesihloko). Kucatshangwa ukuthi iloli likadoti elinjalo lizofakelwa imoto kagesi engu-250 kW ehambisanayo.

Ibanga eliqinisekisiwe limisiwe yi-100 km, futhi ubukhulu (ngokusobala bukhamba futhi bunamandla abathengi abengeziwe) bufika ku-180 km.

Umthamo webhethri nawo awukabikwa, kuyaziwa ukuthi kusukela kwinethiwekhi engu-380 V bangakhokhiswa ngokuphelele ngamahora amathathu.

Ukubala kukhombisa izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amaloli kadoti kagesi

Kuyamangaza ukuthi amaphrojekthi ahle kakhulu. Bathembisa ukukhombisa okungenani okungenani eyodwa yale mishini ekwindla embukisweni wamaComtrans. Ngendlela, ngokuya ngokubalwa kwabathuthukisi, ukufaka esikhundleni iloli likadoti elijwayelekile likadizili nge-analogue kagesi emzileni othize kunganciphisa izindleko ngezikhathi ezingama-2.65. Le yi-arithmetic.

Ngemuva kulayishwa amaloli kadoti

Ngabe udoti udlula yiphi indlela phakathi kwesiqukathi esisezindlini nasendalini? Kunezigaba eziningi, igama eliyisihluthulelo elingabonisa iningi lale nqubo ende ngukuhamba. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka into efana namaloli kadoti futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukulayisha emuva amaloli kadoti.

Iloli lokulahla udoti lidume ngokubizwa ngokuthi elokuthutha okuhloswe ngalo ukuthunyelwa kukadoti oqinile kamasipala. Ngabe lokho kuzwakala kukuhle kakhulu? Kunamagama amaningi afanayo, kepha leli gama kuphela eliye lahlola isikhathi. Yebo, futhi ngokufushane.

Ngakho-ke, amaloli kadoti athutha udoti. Ngasikhathi sinye, inzuzo nenzuzo evela ekusebenzeni kweloli lodoti kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko yivolumu ewusizo yomzimba wayo. Okusho ukuthi, ukungena kudoti okuningi, kungcono. Empeleni, lokhu kusebenza ngale ndlela elandelayo: engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20, cishe wonke amaloli kadoti akhiqizwa eSoviet Union asuselwa ku-chassis wamaloli we-GAZ-93 neZIS-150.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamaloli amancane kadoti bekungeke kwenzeke ngokomnotho futhi kubize kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amaloli kadoti asuselwa kumaloli njengamanje akhiqizwa njengamanje - ZIL, MAZ, KamAZ.

Ividiyo elandelayo ikhombisa ukuthi iloli kadoti elayisha emuva lisebenza kanjani ku-chaza ye-KAMAZ:

Idivayisi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kweloli yokulayisha udoti emuva

Ukuqanjwa kwamaloli kadoti ngohlobo lokulayisha olungemuva akunzima ikakhulukazi. Ukugcizelelwa kwezemisebenzi yezandla kanye nokuntuleka kwemishini yokushayela eyinkimbinkimbi kwenza imishini enjalo ingabekeki futhi ihlala isikhathi eside kunabalingani abasebenza ngemishini.

Umklamo wamaloli odoti owenziwe ngesandla awushintshile ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi. Ukwenza izinto zesimanjemanje kwenzeke ngezindlela zokufaka uphawu, ukulayisha idrayivu. Izinguquko zithinte umthamo we-hopper yokulayisha kanye nomzimba.

Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kweloli elibuyisela emuva udoti kubukeka kanjena. Isisebenzi (noma abasebenzi abaningana) sibeka udoti ngaphakathi kwe-hopper yokulayisha, etholakala ekugcineni komzimba.

Ngemuva kokugcwaliswa okugcwele noma okuyingxenye, isimbumbulu semishini (esisetshenziselwa ipuleti eligudluzayo) sixhumanisa imfucumfucu bese siyibeka ngokulinganayo emzimbeni.

Ukuba khona komshini onjalo kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise isikhala somzimba ngokufanele futhi uzuze ukugcwaliswa okugcwele.

Umjikelezo we-compactor emalolini kadoti wesampula yama-50s ungowokuzenzakalelayo. I-hydraulic drive inikezela ngokuqina kweplates. Amaloli kadoti amaningi wesimanje nawo ayasebenza, ikakhulu, kumakhompiyutha e-hydraulic, kepha i-elektrode elekthronikhi ikuvumela ukuthi usethe, njengomjikelezo ozenzakalelayo wokusebenza kwamapuleti wokufaka uphawu, kanye nedivaysi ye-semiautomatic.

Kuvidiyo elandelayo, iloli yedoti eyi-MAZ ilayisha ngemuva ilayisha kabusha:

Ukulahla udoti okufana “neloli lokulahla udoti” kusetshenziswa kabanzi futhi isikhathi eside. Iningi lamaloli kadoti lifakwe umshini wokulayisha othomathikhi. Manje sekuyi-hydraulic drive ephakamisa umphambili womzimba ukulahla imfucuza.

Udonga lwangemuva njengoba uphakamisa umzimba luyavuleka. Imizamo yemvelo ayidingeki ukuze kuthululwe iloli likadoti, okuthi, ngeshwa, kungashiwo ukulayisha.

Kubukeka sengathi isikhathi sokulayisha okwenziwa ngesandla amaloli kadoti sesedlule. Kepha cha, eRussia basakhiqiza imishini yalesi sigaba. Ngani? Kusetshenziswe ukulayisha udoti wamaloli okusasebenza.

Ukulayisha udoti wamaloli kunzima ukuwusebenzisa, kubiza kakhulu futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, namuhla ungathenga iloli lodoti ngokulayisha okwenziwe ngesandla - kwezinye izikhathi lokhu kuzoba nesizathu.

Ividiyo - yimaphi amaloli kadoti asetshenziswa eYurophu:

I-Telematics ngamaloli kadoti

Indlela efanele, amaloli kadoti!

Ukuzulazula nge-elekthronikhi nge-elekthronikhi kanye nokuthumela izinhlelo zokulawula zomshini ngesikhathi somsebenzi, izindlela ezizenzakalelayo nemisebenzi isebenza ngokwengeziwe yizinkampani ezibandakanya ukuqoqwa nokususwa kukadoti, ngoba amandla we-telematics "wokuqapha njalo, ukulungisa ngokushesha" asiza ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zomsebenzi.

Kunezinkinga eziningi embonini yokuqoqwa kukadoti nokulahlwa. Ngokusho kwabezindaba, cishe amaphesenti angama-50 ayo yonke imfucuza ithathwa ngokungemthetho, okungukuthi, inzuzo ayiyi enkampanini yezisetshenziswa, kodwa emaphaketheni abashayeli abangathembekile, maningi amacala lapho udoti ulahlwa ngaphandle kwezindawo zokulahla inhlabathi, kodwa ezindaweni ezingagunyaziwe lapho kwenziwa khona imfucumfucu yemvelo.

Kukhona amacala okwephula isheduli yokuqoqwa kukadoti, yize abashayeli ngasikhathi sinye benaka emashidini ukwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanele. Abahlali abaqondi ukuthi kungani amathini abo edoti egcwele, futhi abaphathi benkampani yokusebenzisa indawo banethemba lokuthi konke kususwe kumakhasimende ngesikhathi. Futhi-ke, ukusonga izinto zokubala zemayela yemoto futhi nokubhala uphethiloli owedlulele.

Lokhu kudukiswa kwabashayeli bakamasipala, hhayi nje kuphela, ukuthutha kungokwesiko.

Imishini yanamuhla ye-telematics isiza ekuxazululeni ngempumelelo lezi zinkinga futhi yenze wonke umsebenzi wokuthengisa wenkampani usebenze.

Emkhakheni wokususa imfucuza ngokuqinile, ubuchwepheshe obusha be-telematics buhlinzeka ngamathuba okushintshana kwedatha “nengxoxo” phakathi kwezimoto ezisendaweni ekude kakhulu komunye nomunye nabantu abanezimoto, bangahlela izindlela ezifanele zamaloli udoti, bagcine imibhalo, baxhumanise izindlela zamakhanda eminyango eyedwa njll., okungukuthi, ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi yomuntu ngamunye kwinqubo eyodwa elawulwayo bese ngokwenza lokhu isebenze kahle, yonge imali futhi ikhuphule ukuphepha emsebenzini.

Ukwakhiwa kwemishini ye-telematic

I-Tracker, isibonisi. Imishini ye-telematics yeloli kadoti ifaka uhlelo lokuhamba nge-GPS / GLONASS nge-tracker ethutha imininingwane yesikhathi sangempela kukhompyutha ephakathi nendawo.

Kuyinto engathandeki yesimo sezulu futhi inikwa amandla amabhethri.

Kufakwa isibonisi-se-touch-screen ku-cab, esinikeza opharetha kanye ne-dispatcher etholakala ehhovisi eliphakathi ngokungazwakali kokulawula namandla olwazi.

Isibonisi sokulawula singashintshwa ngesicelo se-opharetha, ikakhulukazi, ungaguqula isivinini kanye nesisekelo sedivaysi ebhuthini.

Ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, umphathi angavimba ukuthi kungenzeka kwenzeke kabusha uma kungagunyaziwe noma ngephutha ukuvela kokulawulwa kwe-lever control.

Lobu buchwepheshe bebusetshenziswa phambilini ekwakhiweni kwefolishi neminye imishini, kodwa manje busetshenziswa nasezimalini zodoti.

Amakhamera wevidiyo, izithombe ezishisayo, ama-radars. Ukuze ophethe amaloli kadoti asebenze ezimweni ezigcwele abantu emayadini lapho kufanele uhambise khona ngabantu abahle futhi abangahleliwe, izingane zingaba sendleleni yomshini, udinga umbono omuhle wezindawo “ezingaboni”.

Lokhu kubuka kunganikezwa ngohlelo lwamakhamera wevidiyo adlulisa isithombe esikrinini kwikhabethe. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi yesithombe esisakazwa yikhamera incike ekukhanyeni.

Uma ikhamera ingasekelwa yisibani esikhanyayo, ngeke ikwazi ukusebenza ebumnyameni.

Kulokhu, i-Doppler noma i-radar hlobo radar ingasiza. Isixazululo senkinga yokuthola izithombe ebumnyameni futhi singaba ukusetshenziswa komfanekiso oshisayo we-infrared. Lesi sithombe sidluliselwa esikrinini kwikhabethe ngejubane elingama-30 ozimele ngomzuzwana.

Uhla lokushisa olusebenzayo lohlelo olujwayelekile lokufudumeza okushisayo: kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-+2000 ° С.

Ngaphezu kokucabanga okushisayo, amandla okubona ebumnyameni futhi anganikezwa ngamadivayisi wokubuka ebusuku asebenza ngesisekelo sobuchwepheshe bokukhulisa okwedijithali futhi athuthukise ikhwalithi yesithombe ekubonakaleni kwemisebe yokukhanya.

Amaloli odoti: izici zokuklama kanye nokuhlukaniswa

Iloli likadoti - igama elijwayelekile lezimoto ezenzelwe ukuqoqa nokuthumela imfucuza ehlukahlukene. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu loli kadoti oluphethe imfucuza eqinile kamasipala. Kukhona amaloli kadoti okuhambisa imfucumfucu enobungozi neyinqwaba.

Ngokuya ngezinhloso nohlobo lokungcola okuhanjiswa, ukwakhiwa kwamaloli kadoti nakho kuyahlukahluka.

Amaloli wamaragi ahlukile ngokuthwala umthamo, umthamo womzimba, uhlobo lomshini wokulayisha (i-lateral, emuva, ngaphambili), ubukhona bemishini yokusebenzisa imfucumfucu, indlela yokulayisha (incwadi ebhaliwe, eyenziwe ngomshini) nohlobo lomzimba (umzimba, iloli yehip hopper, enesiteji eshukumayo, esinendawo yokubambisa).

Izidingo zokuqoqa amaloli omzimba kanye nokuhambisa amaloli kadoti ngokulayisha ngomshini zithunyelwa ku-GOST 27415-87 “Amaloli odoti. Izidingo ezijwayelekile zobuchwepheshe. " Izidingo ze-GOST zincane. Isibonelo, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngamakhono wokulawula i-manipulator kusuka kwikhampi lomshayeli.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwaloli Wamatshe

Ngohlobo lomzimba, amaloli kadoti ahlukaniswa:

Uhlobo lomzimba - lapho umzimba nezinqubo munye. Uhlobo lwesitsha - lapho imoto ingenawo umzimba waphakade, kepha ithwala iziqukathi ezikhiphekayo (ama-bunkers).

Ngenhloso, amaloli kadoti ahlukaniswa:

• amaloli kadoti
• ukuthutha amaloli kadoti.

Ukuqoqa amaloli kadoti womzimba - imoto enkulu kunazo zonke yokuqoqa udoti oqinile. Yibona ababiza kuwo wonke amabadi ukulayisha iziqukathi ezivela emigqonyeni kadoti. Umsebenzi wabo ukuqoqa udoti “emithonjeni”. Ukuqoqa amaloli kadoti kuphethe udoti oqoqiwe ku-landfill, isizinda sokuchitha imishini noma esiteshini sokuhambisa udoti (ukuhlunga imfucuza).

Amaloli okusaphaza udoti enzelwe ukuthutha imfucuza enkulu ebangeni elide. Isibonelo, amaloli okuhambisa udoti asetshenziselwa ukuthutha imfucuza esuka esiteshini sokuhambisa udoti iye ekuphakameni komhlaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaloli kadoti angahlonyelwa ukugcwala udoti futhi ngaphandle kokugcotshwa (izithako namaloli we-bunker). Amaloli agcwele udoti (uhlobo M-30) manje aseminyene, njengoba ukuqoqwa kukadoti ngamaloli kadoti anjalo kuyabiza kakhulu, ukulayisha kuhamba kancane, futhi umthamo kadoti othuthwayo ukhawulelwe yivolumu yeziqukathi ezihanjiswa.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lokulayisha, amaloli kadoti ahlukaniswa ngamaloli odoti:

• ngokulayisha emuva,
• ngokulayisha ohlangothini,
• ngokulayisha ngaphambili.

Vele, kunezinye izinhlobo zamaloli kadoti enzelwe "ulwazi oluncane." Isibonelo, kukhona amaloli kadoti nge-hydraulic manipulator kanye ne-grab yokubamba yokuqoqa amagatsha. Kukhona amaloli edoti, afakwe ne-hydraulic manipulator, yokuqoqa udoti ezitsheni ezingcwatshwe. Kukhona amaloli kadoti abasebenza ngokuqoqwa kwemfucuza ehlukile (ngeziqukathi eziningana).

Kulayishwa amaloli kadoti

Idivayisi yokulayisha yamaloli anjalo udoti ikuvumela ukuthi uqede ngokuphelele umsebenzi wezandla lapho uqoqa udoti. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi.

Amaloli okulahla udoti enzelwa ukuthi alayishwe ngemishini iziqukathi. I-hydraulic manipulator yeloli elinjalo lodoti ingathululela iziqukathi ezintathu zilandelana, zime eceleni, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umsebenzi wezandla. Ngeshwa, izimfanelo zokushayela amaloli kadoti akuhlali zikuvumela ukuthi "ngokungafanele" uphathe i-manipulator, futhi iziqukathi kusafanele zidonswe.

Hhayi-ke iphutha lihlala likhona kumshayeli. Imigqomo kadoti ayinazinga lesimo. Kukhona kuphela imboni esekudlulelwe yisikhathi imboni i-USSR - OST 22-1643-85 “Imigqomo kadoti nezitsha zensimbi zokulahla udoti kwasendlini nokudla.

Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile. " Kuyancomeka emvelweni, njengama-GOST amaningi. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kuholela emiklamo ehlukahlukene yezitsha zodoti, engavumeli ama-gripper asemishini ukuthi asebenze ngokujwayelekile.

Izinhlobo zamanye amaloli kadoti ezinokulayisha ohlangothini zivumela ukulayishwa okulungiselelwe ngokuphelele futhi umshayeli akudingeki nokuthi ashiye ikhabethe, njengoba i-cab ene-landing engaphansi inezihlalo ezimbili zomshayeli (kwesobunxele nakwesokudla), kanti iminyango ye-cab ikhazimulisiwe ngokuphelele ukubuka okugcwele.

Ukulayisha ngaphambili kwamaloli

Amaloli angodoti angaphambili (ngaphambili) alungiselelwe ukuqoqa imfucumfucu kusuka emigqonyeni yesitoreji kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-cubic. m. Ukukhishwa kwezinto ezingaphansi komhlaba kufakelwe imishini ngokugcwele, umshayeli ulawula okokuqhafaza ngaphandle kokushiya ikhabethe. Iloli lodoti lilayisha ngaphandle besebenzisa ipuleti yokucindezela noma indlela yokulahla inkunkuma.

Izinzuzo eziphambili zamaloli kadoti angaphambili alayisha ngaphambili ijubane lokuqoqa udoti. Esikhundleni sokulayisha iziqukathi ezincane ezimbalwa ngasikhathi sinye, kukhuphuke umthwalo onamandla ngokushesha.

Amaloli kadoti abalela phambili ayaziwa kakhulu e-United States. Ngokwesikimu esinjalo sokulayisha udoti, kudingeka isikhala esithile, ngoba amaloli odoti angaphambili alayisha futhi makhulu futhi anamandla ..

Amaloli we-Bunker

Amaloli agcwele udoti futhi angawezimoto ezinkulu zomasipala. Ziyahlukahluka ngokobuningi bemigqomo ehanjisiwe nangendlela elayishwe ngayo.

Ngendlela yokulayisha, ziyehluka ku:

• izimoto ezinokubamba ngokhuni, okwaziwa kangcono ngokuthi yi- "multi-lifting" (igama lomkhiqizo waseFinland, oluvele okokuqala ezikhathini zaseSoviet),
• izimoto ezinomshini wokulayisha intambo,
• ifreyimu (ingosi).

Amaloli we-hop hopper

Iloli lokuqala le-Soviet bunker lalolu hlobo laklanywa ngo-1964 ngabaklami bomphakathi futhi labizwa ngokuthi i-ZIL-164AK. Isidumbu siyasuswa noma silayishwe sisebenzisa i-swinging levers nge-hydraulic drive. Ukulayisha kungenziwa ngendlela ye-tipper.

Amaloli wohlaka (portal) we-bunker enzelwe ukuthutha ama-bunkers aze afike ku-8 cubic metres. Lawa amaloli kadoti athandwa kakhulu ahilelekile ekususweni udoti wasendlini onobuningi.

Enye into engafani namaloli angaphansi ukuthi angashiya izitimela. I-hopper yesibili ilayishwe ku-trailer.

Amaloli kadoti we-compact

Lapho kudingeka amaloli kadoti ajwayelekile ahambisana nobunzima noma izimoto ezincane, kusetshenziswa amaloli kadoti amancane. Njengomthetho, amaloli kadoti amancane amancane asetshenziswa ohlelweni lokuqoqa imfucumfucu lwezigaba ezimbili, i.e. kusetshenziswa imishini yokuphatha imfucuza.

Zinomzimba we-tipper futhi zingafakelwa i-tipper-tilter yokulayisha udoti emishini. Amaloli amancane kadoti angafakwa nomshini wokucindezela.

Izimoto ezinosayizi abancane abanendawo yokubambisa igwegwe nazo ziyatholakala.

Amaloli amancane kadoti abancane nawo ayalayishwa emaceleni. Isibonelo, njengale "Multicar".

Amaloli amancane kadoti asetshenziswa kabanzi e-Italy naseJapan. ETokyo, umsebenzi wamaloli amancane aphakathi nendawo agunyazwa yiqiniso lokuthi akudingeki ukuthi athathe udoti kude, ngoba ETokyo enezindaba eziningi, kunezi-incinerators ezingama-21, kanye nezikhungo zokuphinda zisebenzise kabusha.

Isitshalo esikhulu i-KAMAZ esisendleleni yokwakha imoto kagesi yokuhamba

Umbono wokwenza imoto kagesi ethwala izimpahla ubhajwe isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa. Futhi-ke, abaholi besitshalo se-KAMAZ basondela ekusebenziseni uhlelo lokufisa.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga ukuvumelana ngokubambisana nesikhungo esibandakanyeka ocwaningweni lwesayensi emkhakheni wemithombo yamandla ezimele ("Imithombo yamanje" noma "AIT" kwaSaratov).

Inhloso yesivumelwano ukuthuthukiswa nokwakhiwa kwemoto kagesi yempahla.

Ukusetshenziswa kwale ndlela emnothweni wedolobha kungaba ukwahluka kakhulu: ukuqoqwa kukadoti, ukusebenza njengeloli yokulahla udoti, ukusetshenziswa engxenyeni yokwakha. Kunemicabango yokuyisebenzisa njengethangi lamaloli nokuhamba komphakathi.

Izimoto zikagesi, uma ziqhathaniswa nezimoto ezejwayelekile, zinezinzuzo ezithile ezingenakuphikwa: cishe ukusebenza buthule, umnotho ngokulungiswa, impilo yenkonzo ende. Kepha isici esibaluleke kakhulu ubungane bemvelo. Okungukuthi, kubhekelwa kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwemvelo emhlabeni jikelele.

UMavichilav Volynsky, Iphini Lomqondisi Wezinkinga Zezobuchwepheshe kwa-AIT, ukholelwa ukuthi iphrojekthi ezayo izoba wusizo olukhulu ekwakheni ubuchwepheshe bayo. Esikhathini esizayo esiseduze - ukufinyelela ekusetshenzisweni okugcwele kwezinto zasekhaya ezihlanzekile nezakhi.

Abathuthukisi bayazisa ukuthi iphrojekthi izogxila esizukulwaneni esisha samabhethri e-lithiamu-ion esikhundleni sawo a lead-acid. Okokuqala, amabhethri amasha azoba ashibhile futhi aphephile, futhi okwesibili, ngeke kube nezinkinga nawo lapho kungeniswa emikhunjini yedolobha. Futhi i-KAMAZ isivele isiqalile ukuthuthukisa amabhasi, amaloli kadoti kanye namaloli kagesi.

Uhlelo lokwakhiwa kabusha kwamabhasi nalo lucatshangelwe: ebusuku - eziteshini zamatram kanye ne-trolleybus, phakathi nosuku - kusuka emigqeni kagesi ye-trolleybus. Imodeli enkulu yamabhasi izokwazi ukushayela amakhilomitha angaba yikhulu kwishaja eyodwa egcwele, encane - engabi ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-50. Lo nyaka, iphrojekthi izoqala, kungenzeka kakhulu eKazan.

Okwamanje, kuba nengxoxo yemininingwane yephrojekthi hhayi igama mayelana nezindleko zayo kanye namavolumu angabakhona. Into eyodwa icacile: kukhona amathuba nesifiso esikhulu, okusho ukuthi le projekthi izoba yikho.

UMavichilav Volynsky uchaze ukuthi imikhiqizo ihambisana nezimo zasekhaya kanye nesimo sezulu esibuhlungu, okusho ukuthi izingozi ezincane zilindelwe.

Ukwehla okungenzeka kwezinye izinkomba zemishini ngokuqinisekile kuzoba okuphansi kunokwamasampula aphesheya. Futhi inani lamabhethri abo lizoba ngaphansi kakhulu kunakwelinye izwe.

Ngokusho kwe-Regions Online, abathuthukisi bamabhethri webhethri bathembisa ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esincane kakhulu ukushaja - imizuzu nje.

Isikhungo sokucwaninga "Imithombo yamanje" yahlelwa emuva ngonyaka ka-2012.

Engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, lesi sikhungo ngokubambisana namabhizinisi basungula iphrojekthi ezokhiqiza amabhethri ayo e-lithiamu-ion ngokugcwele.

Abaqambi bathembisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo izofanela: umthamo webhethri eliphezulu nokuqina kufanele ukwenze kube yimfuneko. Ukwethulwa kwesihambisi kulindeleke ngonyaka ka-2017.

Ngokuqinisekile izinkampani ezinkulu zizoba nentshisekelo kumabhethri: uMnyango Wezokuvikela, Amanethiwekhi WaseRussia, i-Space Agency, nezinkampani zezimboni ezibandakanyeke emkhakheni wezenuzi, wegesi nowoyela.

Lo mkhiqizo ufuneka kakhulu, futhi ezindaweni ezibaluleke kakhulu njengokuxhumana ngocingo nokuhamba kagesi, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwawo.

Izindawo eziseMpumalanga Ekude naseFar North ezikude nezinhlelo zamandla nazo zidinga imithombo yamandla yokuzimela.

Kuhlale kufisa ukuthi abakhiqizi beSaratov baphumelele ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlelo.

Lisebenza kanjani iloli lodoti

(Akukaliwe)
Iyalayisha…

Abantu abaningi basayikhumbula imoto enkulu emigwaqweni, lapho izinsiza zomphakathi zilayisha khona ngesandla izinhlobo ezahlukene zikadoti. Namuhla, ukuhlanza imigwaqo kwenziwa ngemishini ekhethekile yokuzilayisha.

Izilayidi ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi amaloli kadoti, ngosizo lwazo zilayisha bese kwenziwa udoti. Konke mayelana nezindleko zamaloli kadoti kanye nemigomo yokusebenza kwabo, bheka ikhasi eliyinhloko lesiza ngokuthengiswa kwemishini esindayo.

Izici zokusebenzisa amaloli kadoti

Uhlobo lolo hlobo oludumile lwemishini njengeloli lodoti alusetshenziselwa ukuqoqa udoti kuphela emigwaqweni yezindawo zokuhlala. Ngosizo lwabo, imfucuza yezinto zokwakha iyasuswa ezindaweni lapho ukwakhiwa kuqhubeka khona.

Isici samaloli odoti ukuthi, ngokuya ngemishini yabo, lolu hlobo lokuhamba lungasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ekuqoqeni nasekwenziweni kwemithwalo eningi, kepha nasekuhanjisweni kwezakhiwo ezinkulu, njengamakhonkolo ekhonkolo.

Echaza umsebenzi weloli lodoti, umuntu akakwazi ukucabanga ngomshini osebenza ngokuphelele owenza imisebenzi eminingi ngasikhathi sinye. Kukhona amaloli kadoti alayishwe ngesandla, nawo ayadingeka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinkampani zokwakha.

Inzuzo enkulu yamaloli kadoti yikhono labo lokuwela izwe, ukuthwala umthamo kanye nokutholakala kwemishini eyengeziwe ngezindlela ezihlukile zokuphakamisa.

Izinhlobo zamaloli kadoti nokuthi zisebenza kanjani

Amaloli odwa udoti - lokhu kuyimishini esindayo esetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokulayisha nokuthumela izinto kwamanye amazwe. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaloli kadoti:

• ibhukwana lokulayisha udoti kuyindlela efakwe ngebhakede lokulayisha, ngosizo umzimba olayisha ngalo. Imfucuza ilayishwe ngesandla ebhakedeni uqobo; amaloli kadoti anjalo ayalayisha emuva. Ukungathandeki kwabo kuthathwa njengokungahambelani, kusebenza lapho kuqoqwa udoti ezindaweni ezincane,
• amaloli kadoti anokulayisha ohlangothini asetshenziswe ngokuphelele, udoti ulayishwa kusetshenziswa i-automapulator ekhethekile ezenzakalelayo, ukulayisha - ngosizo lwesitofu,
• Iloli elibuyisela emuva udoti, ezimweni eziningi, lisusa imfucuza ezitsheni ezilayishwe kusetshenziswa ezinye izinhlelo zokuphakamisa. Amaloli anjengalahla ayathuthwa, njengamaloli okulahla udoti, ngokuphakamisa umzimba,
• amaloli kadoti we-clamshell afakelwe imishini ekhethekile yokuqoqa udoti, ayithandwa kakhulu okwamanje ngenxa yentengo ephezulu yale ndlela yokususa udoti.

Amaloli kadoti wanamuhla awakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi indlela ehlanganayo, ngoba ahlala ehlome ngezingxenye ezengeziwe, ezinjengama-lifts, ukubamba, njll.

Usizo lwabo oluphambili wukusebenziseka kanye nokusebenza kwezinto ezahlukahlukene, okuthe noma umuntu ojwayelekile angazazisa, ancoma imigwaqo ehlanzekile ukuthi iloli likadoti elisebenzayo liqeda udoti.

Amaloli KaGarliki - Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Zodoti

Amaloli odoti ayingxenye ebalulekile yemikhumbi yanoma iyiphi insiza yokusebenza, amabhizinisi okukhiqiza, izinhlangano ezinkulu zokwakha. Lolu hlobo lwemishini lusetshenziselwa ukuqoqa imfucuza futhi liyihambise ezindaweni zokuhlunga nokulahla.

Izinketho zokukhetha umshini kadoti

Uhlobo oluthile lokuqoqwa kukadoti lubandakanya ukulungiswa okuhlukahlukene kwemoto enemisebenzi yokuzilayisha, ukukhwela, ukuhambisa, ukudonsa udoti nabanye.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga lolu hlobo lwemishini olubiza kakhulu, kufanele uthathe isinqumo ngamapharamitha adingekayo:

• ivolumu yomzimba
• ukuthwala, ukukhiqiza,
• indlela yokulayisha udoti,
• imodeli ye-chassis yokufaka i-hopper.

Indlela elinganiselayo ekukhetheni imishini kadoti izosivumela ukuthi sisungule umsebenzi ophumelela kakhulu ebhizinisini.

Izici eziyinhloko amakhasimende aqondiswa ngazo lapho uthenga imishini ekhethekile yokuqoqa imfucumfucu kungumthamo womzimba kanye nenkomba enkulu yokungcola okuhanjiswa.

Izici ze-Volumetric zomzimba zisuka ku-7.5 kuya ku-20 cubic metres. Umthamo omkhulu wokuthwala ngamathani ayi-9, kanti ubuncane - amathani ama-3. Imishini esekela umsebenzi wokucindezela imfucumfucu inokubambisana okwenziwe ngodoti kusuka kumayunithi ayi-2,5 kuye kwayi-7.

Ukuhlukaniswa ngezindlela zokulayisha

Ngokuya ngezindlela zokulayisha imfucuza, amaloli kadoti ahlukaniswa ngokulandelayo:

• Ukulayisha udoti weloli likadoti. Ukulayisha udoti kwenziwa nge-manipulator eseceleni.
• Ukulayisha iloli likadoti ngemuva. Udoti ugxiliswa ebhakedeni elikhethekile lokulayisha elibekwe ngemuva kwehip hop.
• Iloli kadoti ephethe ngaphambili (ngaphambili).
• Amaloli agcwele udoti onokulayisha indawo yonke.

Ukulayisha uhlangothi

Cishe kuze kube maphakathi nama-80-ies wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, amaloli kadoti anokulayisha okwenziwa ngesandla kwe-GAZ-93 chassis ayesetshenziswa emadolobheni amancane. Abantu baphonsa imfucuza emabhokisini ebhokisini elivalekile, kwathi umthwalo walayisha lapho ngefosholo.

Kwakungekho agitator noma sealant lapha. Inzuzo kuphela yeloli elinjalo lokulahla ubulukhuni bokuklama nezindleko eziphansi.

Njengamanje, imishini enokulayisha okubhalwe phansi ngaphandle kwezinketho ezingeziwe isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa imfucuza eziteshini, ezimakethe, eceleni komgwaqo namabhokisi okuvota emigwaqweni.

Amaloli edoti asasebenza kahle aphansi anokulayisha okwenziwa ngesandla angena esikhundleni sawo kwaguqulwa izimoto zokusetshenziswa ezazilayisha ngomshini ezitsheni zokuzifaka zingene emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa i-sunroof.

Ukulayisha udoti kuloli kuqukethe:

• igama elingezansi lapho umzimba wensimbi yonke ubekwa khona ngetayiri ngemuva nangepuleti yokucindezela (ecindezela) ngaphambili,
• umgqugquzeli,
• i-hydraulic manipulator
• izinhlelo ze-hydraulic.

I-tailgate ivula ukubonga ekusebenzeni kwama-cylinders we-hydraulic abekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zomzimba. I-hydraulic manipulator ibamba isitsha, ithathe, ilahle udoti, inyakaze bese ibeka lapho. I-screed (agitator) ebekwe epulatifomu ngokulinganayo isabalalisa udoti emzimbeni wonke. Imfucuza ilayishwa ku-hopper isebenzisa ipuleti yokucindezela ngenkathi iphakamisa umzimba.

Amaloli amakhulu kadoti amakhulu afakwe inani elikhulu lamamoya we-hydraulic (afika ku-18) aqhuba izindlela.

Manje emishinini eminingi kadoti kunokususa okukugesi okuvumela ukuthi ulawule inqubo yokulayisha nokuthumela ngokuqondile kusuka ku-cab.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-cabs angafakwa ngohlelo lokubhekwa kwevidiyo, ngenxa yokuthi umshayeli unethuba lokubona yonke inqubo yokusebenza ngaphandle kokushiya imoto.

Amaloli agarliki anomthwalo oseceleni aklanyelwe ukukhulisa amathangi okugcina anomthamo wamamitha ayi-0.75. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi, lapho abahlala khona belahla udoti kubo.

Isiphazamiso esikhulu samaloli kadoti nge-manipulator eseceleni ukuchitheka kukadoti kusuka esitsheni kuya emhlabathini kanye nokuqondiswa okulinganiselwe.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imishini emincane yokuqoqa udoti enokulayisha ohlangothini ngama-tilters seyisebenza.

Zakhelwe iziqukathi ezingenalutho zamakhono ahlukile enodoti ohleliwe lapho iziqukathi ezahlukahlukene zisetshenziselwa imfucuza yokudla nepulasitiki.

Amaloli anjalo angasebenza emigwaqweni emincane futhi adlulisele imfucuza emalolini amakhulu kadoti athutha imfucuza eqinile emabhizinisini okusebenza udoti.

Ukulayisha emuva

Ukulayisha izimoto ezikhethekile ezingemuva, indlela yokulayisha ifakiwe ngemuva komzimba. Iyenziwa ngesandla futhi yenziwa ngomshini. Okwamanje, imishini enezilayishi ezingemuva isetshenziswa ngenkuthalo.

Ukulayisha emuva kwamaloli kadoti kancane kancane kushintsha amamodeli namalayidi aseceleni ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okukhulu kanye nokukhiqiza.

Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu:

Izinga lokucindezelwa kukadoti lapha liyi-1 kuye kwele-7, kuyilapho amaloli edoti enomuntu oseceleni - 1 kuya ku-3.

1. Ungathumela zonke izinhlobo zeziqukathi, kufaka phakathi "izikebhe" zokuchitha imfucumfucu.
2. Ezimoto ezinjalo kulula kakhulu ukushayela kuze kufike esakhiweni se-container.
3. Ngesikhathi sokulayisha, imfucumfucu ayichitheki idlule i-hopper.

Ukuphathwa kwendlela yokulayisha akunzima. Kusetshenziswa ama-levers amabili, umshini uthwebula ithangi lokugcina, uliphakamisela ukuphakama obekuhleliwe ngaphambili futhi linike amandla ithangi.

Ukucindezela imfucuza ku-hopper etholakalayo kwenziwa ngefosholo ekhethekile, ukuhambisa okuqukethwe komzimba ohlangothini olude ngaphansi kwengcindezi engapheli.

Kumamodeli wanamuhla wokulayisha imishini kadoti emuva, ukugcwala udoti kungavela ngezindlela zokulawula, ezizenzakalelayo neze-automatic automated.

I-hopper ihlanza ngokucindezela imfucuza ehlanganisiwe odongeni olungasemuva lomzimba.

Ukulayisha ngaphambili

Inzuzo yalolu hlobo yokulayisha imfucuza eqinile yindawo yomshini wokulayisha ophambi kwebhokisi lomshayeli. Ngenxa yokubuka okuhle nokulungiswa kwemishini yokusebenza kwenqubo ephezulu, uyakwazi ukulawula indlela yokulayisha nokulayisha ngaphandle kokushiya kwikhabethe yemoto. Ukuxhumana komuntu nodoti kukhishwa ngaphandle.

Ukwakheka kwalolu hlobo lwamaloli kadoti kuyafana nokwakhiwa kwemishini yokulayisha eseceleni. Okuhlukile yithuluzi lendlela yokuphakamisa ifakwe ngohlelo lwelayisha ngaphambili. Imelela imfoloko okuthiwa imiswe okokufakelwa ifomu elakhiwe ngo-G, elinamathiselwe emzimbeni ngemuva kwebhodi. The nezimfoloko ziqhutshwa hydraulically futhi levers angakwazi ukuhamba ngomshini.

U-opharetha uqapha futhi ulawula ukulayisha futhi ulayishe imisebenzi ngokuqondile kusuka ku-cab.

Kodwa-ke, izinsiza zomphakathi azingeni ngokushesha ukuthenga imishini enjalo, ngoba ayikhiqizwa eRussia, kanti amamodeli angaphandle abiza kakhulu kunamaloli ejwayelekile kadoti onokulayisha emuva nasemahlangothini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini enokulayisha ngaphambili yenzelwe ukusebenza ngeziqukathi ezikhethekile zokugcina ezingasetshenziswanga ukuqoqa udoti ezweni lethu.

Amaloli udoti we-Universal

Amaloli odwa udoti angaba yimishini yendawo yonke ehlangabezana nezidingo zezinsiza hhayi zokuhlanza insimu kuphela. Ukwakhiwa kwemoto kudinga umzimba osuswayo ku-chassis yomshini, ovumela eyodwa yento yemishini enjalo ukuthi isebenze esikhundleni sezimoto eziningana.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidumbu ezahlukahlukene kwenza ukuthi izimoto zikwazi ukusabalalisa isihlabathi, ukuncela i-silt, kanye nokwenza umsebenzi we-vacuum.

Imvamisa, amaloli edoti asendaweni yonke afakelwe lezi zinhlelo ezilandelayo ezisizayo:

I-multilift iyindlela yokulayisha neyolayisha ngegiya noma i-cable grip, eqhutshwa yi-hydraulic drive.

Lolu hlelo luhlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi:

• Kuyinto elula ekwakhiweni, elula futhi ephephile ukusebenza.
• Uhlelo lusebenza ngokuhlukahlukene: umshini owodwa uyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukene. Kwanele ukufaka esikhundleni somzimba noma i-nozzle.
• Ngenxa ye-multelevator, imishini isebenza ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuphumula.
• Izimali zenhlangano ezilondolozwe ngokubalulekile, ngoba ungaba namayunithi ambalwa wemishini egalaji.
• Ukuhluka ngokusetshenziswa kwe-trailer noma i-crane kungenzeka.

Uhlelo lwe-lifdumper (i-skip Loader) lufakwe ngamaloli kadoti wokuhambisa udoti omkhulu, owenziwe ngokweqile (imfucuza yokwakha, insimbi eyilahliwe) neziqukathi zohlobo lwesikebhe.

Uhlelo lokulayisha luhlonyelwe ngomshini okhethekile ocwilisa iziqukathi ezisekelweni kwanoma iyiphi i-chassis. Ngokuya ngemodeli, izimoto ezinesikhulisi zingahambisa imigqomo evulekile emine noma imigqomo eyisithupha engenalutho.

Lolu hlelo lukuvumela ukuthi ulayishe imigqomo eshintshashintshayo emalolini kadoti ngohlelo lwemikhumbi eminingi.

Uhlobo lwemishini yendawo yonke seludume kakhulu ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yokuhambisa imfucumfucu yezigaba ezimbili.

Kuphakathi kusetshenziswa imoto ene-chassis enamasondo amade noma isitimela somgwaqo, lapho kufakwa khona imishini yokusebenzisa izidumbu ezishintshashintshayo.

Ngenkathi omunye umzimba ugcwele imfucumfucu ehlanganisiwe, omunye uthunyelwa endaweni ekude yokulahla udoti ngendlela yokuphonsa ithawula. Umthamo womzimba weziponji ezinjalo ungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-cubic, kanti umthamo ungamathani angama-25.

Izinkomba eziphambili zokusebenza ngempumelelo kwamaloli okuhambisa udoti, kungaphawulwa lokhu okulandelayo:

• ukuncishiswa kokuphumula ngesikhathi sokulayisha nokulayisha,
• ukuncishiswa kwendiza yokuqoqa udoti,
• ukuncishiswa kwezindleko ngesikhathi sokuhamba nezinye.

Abaholi Ukukhiqiza

Imishini ekhethekile yasendlini ishibhile kakhulu kunamamodeli wabakhiqizi bangaphandle. Kepha nangale kwalokhu, izinsizakusebenza eziningi nomasipala bakhetha ukuthenga izidingo zedolobha imikhiqizo yabaholi bomhlaba embonini yezimoto, abazibonakalise bethembekile futhi basebenza ngokungagodli.

Kubhekelwa kakhulu okokusebenza kweSweden Scania neBFE, okuthi lapho kunikelwa amamodeli wamaloli kadoti ahlukile ekusebenzeni, ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kahle.

Amaloli kadoti waseSweden iBalticum Frinab Ecology (BFE) akhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1986. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, abakhiqizi bathole imiphumela emangalisayo ngokuya ngezimpawu zokusebenza kwale mishini ekhethekile.

I-BFE ikhiqiza amamodeli anomthamo omkhulu womzimba wama-26 m3, aklanyelwe ukulinganisa i-chassis emithathu, isibonelo, ku-Scania P380 CB6X4EHZ.

Izinga laseSweden lamandla okufukula nemishini yokulayisha, ehlolwe iminyaka edlule, kuhlangene kunikeza inguqulo engenakulinganiswa yeloli likadoti, elilungile ngokusebenza ezimeni ezinzima zaseRussia.

Le ndlela iyakwazi ukumelana nemingcele esebenza ngokuqine kakhulu emigwaqweni yaseRussia kanye nomthwalo nsuku zonke ophelele.

Imodeli yokulayisha emuva kwe-BFE 26 m3 ku-Scania P380 CB6X4EHZ chassis ilungele ukusebenzisa imfucumfucu enkulu futhi iphinde ilayishe udoti emalolini amancane kadoti ezindaweni zokuhambisa ukuze kuqhutshekiselwe phambili ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla, ngoba imvelo yasemadolobheni eminyene lo mshini mkhulu.

Amaloli kadoti we-BFE aphakathi kwesigaba esaziwa kakhulu semishini eyenzelwe ukuqoqa nokuthumela imfucumfucu ebalulekile yemfucuza. Ukucaciswa okulandelayo kobuchwepheshe kufaka isandla kulokhu:

1. Umthamo wokugezela olayitha ngu-2.8 m3.
2. Isilinganiso sokucindezela ngu-1: 7.
3. Isikhathi sokujikeleza okucindezelayo imizuzwana engama-20.
4. Amandla acindezelayo afinyelela kumathani angama-32.
5. Kwethulwa isikhathi - kuze kufike umzuzu.

Izinzuzo ze-BFE 26 m3 iloli kadoti ku-Scania P380 CB6X4EHZ chassis:

• Ifakwe ngomshini oyingqayizivele wepuleti yokucindezela, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukucindezela udoti kubhavu wokulayisha.
• Isebenza nazo zonke izinhlobo zokushayela kwanoma iyiphi ivolumu (kusuka ku-0.6 kuye ku-8 m3): i-eurocontainers yensimbi neplastiki, amathangi, ama-bunkers esikebhe, njll.
• Ukukhiqizwa komzimba wensimbi usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile kwenza kube lula ngethoni eyi-1 uma uqhathanisa nemizimba efanayo yalesi silinganiso.
• Idizayini eyenziwe kahle yamaloli kadoti ikuvumela ukuthi usabalalise ngokulinganayo udoti ku-hopper, okwenza imoto ihambisane nemigwaqo futhi ibe lula ukuphatha.
• Uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo olunezinga eliphakeme lokuthembela nokuphepha lusetshenziselwa ukulawula izinqubo.

Kungenzeka ukuqeda ngemishini eyengeziwe ekhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhamba komsebenzi:

• i-gantry lift ne-cable system yokulayisha ama-hoppers
• i-hydraulic manipulator efakwe ngemuva kwe-cab noma ophahleni, ukulayisha iziqukathi zomngcwabo,
• uhlelo lokulinganisa nokubheka ukuqaphela kokusebenza kwemishini,
• imishini yokuwasha.

Ukufakwa ku-Scania P380 CB6X4EHZ chassis kwenza iloli kadoti ye-BFE 26 m3 ibe ngomunye wemikhiqizo ekhiqiza kahle futhi enemvelo. Ukuhlelwa kwamasondo ama-6 x 4 kunika umphumela omkhulu lapho kulayishwa lapho kugcwaliswa izingcingo. Kuze kudlule amathani angama-21 emfucumfucu endizeni ngayinye.

Ukukhetha iloli lodoti, akufanele ugxile kuphela ezindlekweni zalo, amandla nakhiqizweni. Ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo lolu hlobo lwemishini kamasipala, izinhlobo zemigqomo yemfucuza egxilile, ukwakheka kukadoti, kanye nobuningi babantu bensimu ekhonzwayo kufanele kubhekwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ukhumbule imigwaqo yokungena ezitsheni kanye nebanga lokuchitheka kwendle.

Ukukhetha okuhle kwemoto yokuqoqa udoti ngeke kugcine imali yenhlangano kuphela, kodwa futhi kuzokwenza ukulayisha nokuqhubeka ngokuhambisa imfucuza kulungele zombili izakhamizi nabashayeli bamaloli abasebenza ngodoti.

Isimiso sokusebenza

Ukulayisha kwenziwa isisebenzi noma i-manipulator ebeka udoti endaweni yokulayisha (etholakala ngemuva komshini). Ngemuva kwalokho, icompactor ihlanganisa imfucuza futhi isabalalise ngaphakathi emzimbeni, iqinisekise ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwalo lonke isikhala seloli.

Ukulahla udoti kuvame ukwenziwa kakhulu kumgomo “wokulahla iloli”. I-hydraulic drive iphakamisa umzimba ngaphambili. Ngenxa yalokhu, udoti uyalahlwa ngaphandle kosizo endaweni yokusebenza noma yokugcina. Njengoba unyathela, udonga lomzimba luyavuleka, olukuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe konke ukungcola kwiloli kadoti yokulayisha engemuva.

Umehluko omkhulu kusuka emishini yokulayisha eseceleni

Ukulayisha emuva kwamaloli kadoti kusebenzisa amasistimu nobuchwepheshe obanikeza izinzuzo ezithile ngaphezulu kweminye imishini:

Uhlelo lokucindezela luhlanganiswe nomthamo omkhulu womzimba lungakhuphula kakhulu inani likadoti olwenziwe kusetshenziswa imishini. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani lemishini edingekayo liyancipha futhi nezindleko zokusebenza kwemikhumbi ziyancishiswa.

Lapho kulayishwa imfucuza kusuka esitsheni kuya kulayishwa amaloli kadoti, amathuba okuchitheka ancishiswa kakhulu. Lokhu kuxazulula ezinye zezinkinga zemvelo ezibutholakala kobunye ubuchwepheshe.

Isitsha endaweni yokulayisha emuva sikhuphukela ekuphakameni okuncane, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokusebenzisa iloli lodoti.

Uma kunesidingo, ungalayisha ngesandla udoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini ungasebenza nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeziqukathi.

Ngenxa yalezi zinzuzo, amaloli kadoti alayisha emuva ayaziwa kakhulu ngezinto ezisetshenziswa emadolobheni ahlukahlukene nsuku zonke. Ungathenga lo mshini ezinkampanini ezikhethekile.

Isibonelo, njengokuthi kusayithi http://ar-tehnocom.ru, lapho kwethulwa khona imishini eyahlukahlukene ekhethekile.

Imvamisa, izinhlangano ezinjalo azibandakanye ekuthengiseni kuphela, kepha nasekuqashisweni, okunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo wezezimali ekuthengweni kwemishini ehlukahlukene.

Lolu hlobo lwensiza lungenye edume kakhulu emhlabeni. Futhi uyazi ukuthi emazweni ahlukene kunezenzo ezihlukile zomthetho maqondana nomsebenzi wabashayeli kule ndawo.

AmaPaziki ngamabhasi ebelaziwa iningi lamaRussia kusukela ebuntwaneni. Lezi zimoto zisebenze futhi zisakhonza nemizila yokuxhumana emadolobheni nasedolobheni ...

Le divaysi ye-elekthronikhi iphakathi kwamadivayisi wemoto athandwa kakhulu. Hhayi kuphela abashayeli be-novice abayisebenzisayo, kodwa futhi abashayeli bezimoto abanolwazi olukhulu lokushayela. Ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu ...

Ezindaweni eziningi zezimboni, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezinkulu, zenziwa into eyodwa kuphela futhi ezingaphansi kokudilizwa. Izindlela ezinjalo zilethwa, njengomthetho, ngomgwaqo.