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Ihlosi eline-saber-toothed lelingelomndeni amakati acwebezelayolokho kwaqothuka eminyakeni eyizi-10,000 eyedlule. Bangabomndeni wakwaMahairod. Ngakho-ke izisulu ezidliwayo zabizwa ngegama lazo ngenxa yamafangqa amakhulu amakhulu amasenti angamashumi amabili, ezazibukeka zifana nezikhonkwane. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, zazidonswa emaphethelweni, njengesikhali uqobo.

Lapho umlomo uvaliwe, imikhawulo yamafangqa yehliswa ngaphansi kwesilevu sesihlakala. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi umlomo uqobo lwawo wavulwa kabili ngokulingana nowomhlaseli wanamuhla.

Inhloso yalesi sikhali esibi namanje siyimfihlakalo. Kuneziphakamiso ukuthi ubukhulu besilisa be-fangs buheha abesifazane abahamba phambili. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuzingela, balimaza amanxeba okubulala inyamazane, okuthi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi okubuthakathaka yaba buthakathaka futhi ayikwazanga ukuphunyula. Kungenzeka futhi ngosizo lwamafangs, usebenzisa njenge-opener, ukukhumula isikhumba sesilo esithunjiwe.

Zodwa ihlosi lezilwane elihlikihlayo bewumhlaba umxhwele futhi unemisipha eminingi, ungambiza ngombulala "omuhle". Kungenzeka ukuthi ubude bawo babu cishe ngamamitha ayi-1.5.

Umzimba uphumule ngemilenze emifushane, kanti nomsila wawubukeka njengesiqu. Cishe noma imuphi umusa nokusatshalaliswa kwekati kuhambisana nemilenze enjalo, kwakungekho mbuzo. Ijubane lokuphendula, amandla nemvelo yomzingeli eza phambili, ngoba isikhathi eside futhi wayengakwazi ukulandela inyamazane ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba wakhe, futhi washesha wadinwa.

Kukholakala ukuthi umbala wesikhumba se-tiger wawubukeka kunemigqa. Umbala oyinhloko kwakuyizithunzela ezifihliwe: nsundu noma obomvu. Kunamahlebezi mayelana nokuhlukile amahlosi amhlophe acwebezelayo.

Emndenini we-feline, ama-albino asatholakala, ngakho-ke ngaso sonke isibindi kungaphikiswa ukuthi umbala onjalo ubuye watholakala nasezikhathini zangaphambili. Abantu basendulo bahlangana nomhlaseli ngaphambi kokunyamalala kwayo, futhi ngokungangabazeki wakhuthaza ukwesaba ngokubukeka kwakhe. Ungakuthola manje ngokubuka isithombe sesikhumba se-saber-toothed noma ukubona izidumbu zakhe emnyuziyamu.

Okufanekisiwe sikhumba sengulube ehlangene nesikhumba

Ama-saber-toothed tiger ahlala ngemishado futhi ayengahamba ayozingela ndawonye, okwenza indlela yawo yokuphila ibe njengengonyama. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ukuhlala ndawonye, abantu ababuthakathaka noma abalimele bondliwe ekuzingeleni okuphumelelayo kwezilwane ezinempilo.

Ukuvela kwemvelo

Lezi zilwane zifaka emndenini we-feline kanye nokuzithobela kwamakati we-saber-toothed (uhlobo lwe-Smilodon - izinyo le-dagger). Abameli bokuqala bohlobo bavela esikhathini esikude sePaleogene, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-2,5 edlule. Isimo sezulu esihle sezulu esishisayo, okushintshe kancane okushisa kanye nohlaza oluluhlaza kube nomthelela ekuqhakazeni kwamakati amakati-ahlanziwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, baphindaphotha ngenkuthalo, bengatholanga isidingo sokudla.

Inkathi elandelayo yi-Pleistocene, isikhathi sezimo zezulu ezinzima ngokwedlulele, okubangelwa ukushintshana kokushisa ngokushisa kwe-glaciation. Ama-Saber-toothed tiger avumelane kahle nalezi zimo zezulu futhi wazizwa kahle. Uhla lokusatshalaliswa kwezilwane ezizingelayo yiNyakatho neNingizimu Melika.

Ukuphela kwenkathi yokugcina yeqhwa kubonakaliswa isimo sezulu esomile nesifudumele. Ensimini lapho ngaphambili kwakunamahlathi angenakudlula khona, kwavela izindawo zokudumisa. Iningi lezilwane lalingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalesi simo esinzima kangako futhi lanyamalala. Izilwane eziphikelelayo ziqala ukuthutha zaya ezindaweni ezivulekile nezikhulu, zifunde ukuduka kude nezinyamazane futhi zihamba ngokushesha.

Amakati we-Saber-tooted aphelelwe ukudla okujwayelekile, izisulu azikwazanga ukushintshela enyamazaneni encane. Ubuhle besakhiwo sesilo - umzimba omkhulu, umsila omfushane namawashi kwenza ukuba kungasebenzi futhi kube nzima. Isikhathi eside akakwazanga ukuxosha isilo esincane.

Ama-fangs amade nawo enza kwaba nzima kakhulu ukubamba izilwane ezincane. Lapho bezama ukuthwebula, babambelela emhlabathini, futhi kwesinye isikhathi baphuke. Indlala yafika, mhlawumbe ngenxa yalesi sizathu, futhi amahlosi abulala izimbumbulu aphela.

Ukubukeka

Usayizi wekati lasendulo uqhathaniswa nemingcele yengonyama enkulu:

Ukuphakama lapho kubuna - 100-120 cm, ubude - 2,5 amamitha.
Umsila mncane, ungama-25-30 cm kuphela. Lesi sici asizange sivumele ukuthuthukisa isivinini esiphezulu, ngakho-ke inyamazane ayikwazanga ukulinganisela lapho kuxosha inyamazane.
Isisindo somzimba wehlosi lasendulo lafika ku-150-250 kg. Kepha abameleli abakhulu bakhula isisindo esingu-400 kg, esidlula isisindo se-Amur noma i-Bengal tiger.
Ukulingana komzimba wesilo akunangqondo, kepha umzimba wahlukaniswa ngamandla. Imisipha ye-saber-toothed tiger ithuthukiswe kahle, ikakhulukazi kahle esifubeni, emilenzeni, entanyeni.
Imikhawulo yangaphambili yezilwane ezidla ezinye zazinde kunezebelezane. Amaphawundi aphela ngemikhono ebukhali, ebuyayo futhi enkulu. Babamba kalula inyamazane ngokusebenzisa kwangaphambi kwabo.
Isigaxa sasingama-30-40 cm ubude; izitho zangaphezulu nezaphambi kwaso zazithambile. Imidwebo iya phambili.
Imihlathi ivuleke kahle - ngamadigri ayi-130. Isakhiwo esikhethekile senziwe ukuthi sikwazi ukucindezela inyamazane ngengxenye ephezulu yomhlathi kuya phansi. Lapho, njengabameli abaningi be-feline, okuphambene.
Amaphiko angenhla wekati eli-saber-toothed exinwe ngaphandle ngo-18 cm phambili, futhi izimpande zafinyelela cishe ezindleleni. Ubude bama-fangs babungafinyelela kuma-28 cm.Bancitshiswa kancane ezinhlangothini, kepha ngasikhathi sinye babukhali kakhulu futhi bujijekile. Le ndlela yamazinyo yayibavumela ukuba balume ngenyama nangesikhumba sesilwane. Kepha amachaphazelo lawo ayehlukile kumandla. Uma bawela ethanjeni lesisulu, bangaphula.
Isikhumba se-saber-toothed tiger besingagcinwanga futhi umbala waso ungasungulwa kuphela ngokomqondo. Ososayensi bathi umbala wayo uvumelana nezemvelo futhi wawungabonakali kahle. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathambekele ekutheni isikhumba sinesihlabathi ophuzi. Esikhathini seqhwa, amakati a-saber-tooted kungenzeka ukuthi amhlophe kakhulu.

Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila

Ikati le-Saber-toothed - Ummeleli wasendulo wamakati, ngakho-ke indlela aziphatha ngayo ayifani nokuziphatha kwamakati wanamuhla. Mhlawumbe izinyamazane zazihlala emihlanjini emincane, ehlanganisa abesilisa, abesilisa nabesifazane abancane. Inani labesilisa nabesifazane belilingana. Ukuze ondle, ayezingela ndawonye, ukuze akwazi ukweqa inyamazane enkulu.

Lokhu kucatshangelwa kwaqinisekiswa ngemivubukulo - kwisilwane esisodwa se-herbivore kwakukhona amakati amaningi abulala izimbumbulu eduze. Kepha lo mbono awukhishwa ngaphandle kokuthi izinyamazane azizange ziveliswe ubukhosi bazo futhi zidla umuntu wakubo ogulayo.

Isakhiwo se-anatomical somzimba wekati ithi isilo asikwazanga ukukhula ngesivinini esikhulu, ngakho-ke, lapho sizingela, sasihlala emqamelweni, silindele inyamazane. Futhi kuphela ngemuva kokuyakha ngokushesha nangokungazelelwe. Imihlambi ye-herbivores esikhathini sePleistocene yayiminingi. Ama-Saber-toothed tiger kwakulula ukuthola ukudla kwawo.

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezihlosi ze-saber-toothed inyama. Amaprotheni ebhungane namahhashi atholakala kwizigaxa zawo zamathambo.

Amalungu aphelile ohlobo

Imvamisa amakati okubulala ama-saber abizwa ngokuthi inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezazingafani emafutheni amakhulu amakhulu. Emakati amaningi, ama-fangs avele ngenxa yokuzivumelanisa nezimo zokushintsha kwezemvelo. Ngokucwaninga okunemininingwane ethe xaxa, ungathola umehluko kusuka kumahlosi wangempela we-saber-toothed. Cabanga ngabamele abaziwayo bezikati ezi-saber.

Mahairody

Lolu hlobo lwe-saber-toothed cat, olwaziwa ososayensi futhi kakhulu njengehlosi. Ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakukhona izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane. Bebehluke komunye nomunye ngokubukeka, ngosayizi, kepha babehlangene ngento eyodwa - amafangqa amakhulu angenhla, afana ngesimo kubabhulayo abalolongiwe.

Lezi zidlova zasendulo zavela okokuqala e-Eurasia, eminyakeni engaba yizigidi eziyi-15 edlule. Abantu abakhulu kakhulu bafinyelela kuma-500 kg, futhi ubukhulu bawo babusondele nosayizi wehhashi lanamuhla. Ososayensi banesiqiniseko sokuthi la amakati aqothulayo ayengabameleli abakhulu be-feline. Bazingela izilwane ezinkulu, ngokwesibonelo, izindlovu nobhejane. Njengazo zonke izitha zangaleso sikhathi, babengakwazi ukuncintisana nezinye izilwane ezihlanyayo, ngezimpisi namabhere emhume. Ama-Makhairody abhekwa njengamadlozi ohlobo olungcono lwezingwe zabasubathi-abaphuthi - ama-Homotherias.

Ama-Homoterias

Kukholakala ukuthi lezi amakati ukubamba-tooted uvele eminyakeni eyizigidi ezinhlanu eyedlule, ekujikeni kweMiocene nePleistocene. Baphawulelwa ngokomzimba olinganiselana ngokwengeziwe, okukhumbuza ibhubesi lesimanje. Imilenze yangaphambili yayinde kakhulu kunemilenze yangemuva. Ngakho-ke, izisulu zangaphandle zibukeka njengama-hyenas. Ama-fangs angaphambili ayimfushane, kepha ebanzi kunabanye abamele amakati we-saber-tooted. Kulesi simo, izingwegwe zigijinywe kakhulu, ngakho ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi laba abazingeli abatholanga amagalelo nje kuphela, kodwa futhi benze nezenzo zokusika.

Lawa makati ahlanze umzimba ayeqina kakhulu kunabanye abafowabo. Ama-Homoterias angakwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside - ukugijima, yize ehamba kancane. Kunombono wokuthi lezi zingwe eziqothulayo zazihlala zodwa. Kepha lo mbono awudlangile, njengoba ososayensi abaningi bekholelwa ukuthi wonke amakati acwilisa amathebhu ayezingela inyamazane enkulu emaphaketheni.

Ama-smilodons

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamakati we-saber-toothed, ama-smilodons ahlukaniswa yigumbi elinamandla nelomzimba. I-smilodon iyathandwa - ummeleli omkhulu wezingulube ze-saber-toothed:

ukuphakama lapho kubuna - cm eziyi-125, futhi ubude ukusuka empini yomsila kuya ekhaleni bungafinyelela ku-250 cm,
ubude bama-fangs ukusuka empini kuya empandeni afinyelela kuma-30 cm.

Bazingela emhlambini, lapho umholi owayeqondisa okuseleyo wayekhona ngempela. Ngokusobala, umbala wezinwele zomdlwenguli wawunamabala, njengengwe yanamuhla. Kepha futhi ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi abesilisa babene-mane encane. Akunzima ukuthola imininingwane mayelana nama-smilodons; atholakala ezincwadini zeenkomba, izinganekwane. Imvamisa laba badlwengululi basebenza njengabalingiswa emafilimini nakumakhathuni (“Ice Age”, “Prehistoric Park”, “Jurassic Portal”). Mhlawumbe laba bangabameli abaziwayo kakhulu bezingwe zasendulo.

Inzalo yanamuhla

Ososayensi abaningi bathambekele ekukholelwe lokho ingwe emamatheka - isizukulwane sesimanje sezingwe ze-saber-toothed. Le ingwe akuyona inzalo eqondile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye isihlobo esiseduze. Ingwe emomotheka ingeyangaphansi kwamakati amakati we-panther.

Isidumbu sesilwane sikhulu, sicwebile, okuyisimo sabamele basendulo bamakati amakati -. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu besimanje, izingwebezane ezingabhemayo zinde kunabo bonke (kokubili okuphansi nangaphezulu). Imihlathi yalesi silwane esivula ngama-85 degrees, inkulu kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi ikati lanamuhla elixakile.

Le ingwe akuyona inzalo eqondile yezingwe ezibhuqwayo.kepha uyisibonelo esicacile sokuthi amakati asendulo azingelwa kalula ngosizo lwama-saber anjenge-saber.

Amakati weSabretooth ayindalo eyingqayizivele yemvelo, okuthi, nangemva kokunyamalala kule planethi, yenze umuntu ahlonishwe, ashaqeke futhi amangale ngabo, ebeka phambili izinkolelo-mbono ezahlukahlukene kanye nemikhuba emfushane ngempilo yabo edlule.

I-Saber-toothed tiger. Incazelo, izici nendawo yokuhlala kwezihlosi ze-saber-toothed

Ngonyaka wamashumi amane, unyaka owedlule, uchwepheshe waseDenmark paleontologist nesazi semvelo uPeter Wilhelm Lundom wachaza okokuqala ama-saber-toothed tiger. Ngaleyo minyaka, ngesikhathi kuvubukulwa eBrazil, wathola izinsalela zokuqala zama-smilodons.

Kamuva, amathambo alezi zilwane atholakala eLake California, lapho afika athola khona amanzi. Njengoba ichibi lalingamafutha, nezinsalela zika-oyili ngaso sonke isikhathi zigelezela phezulu, izilwane zazivame ukunamathela ezinhlamvini zazo kulolu ketshezi bese zifa.

Indawo yokubuka ama-Saber-toothed tiger

Ziyahlala ezwenikazi laseMelika, izingwe ezinamahlwili ezithandekayo zazithanda izindawo ezivulekile zokuhlala nokuzingela ezazingagcinwanga uhlaza. Kunemininingwane emincane yokuthi lezi zilwane bezihlala kanjani.

Ezinye izazi zemvelo zithi ama-smilodons ayephila yedwa. Abanye bathi uma behlala ngamaqembu, lokhu kwakuyimhlambi lapho abesilisa nabesifazane, benikezwe inzalo encane, bephila inani elifanayo. Abantu bodwa bezinkomo zabesilisa nabesifazane abahlukanisile bezingafani ngosayizi, umehluko wabo okuwukuphela komuntu esifushane kwabesilisa.

Umsoco

Mayelana namahlosi we-saber-toothed Kuyaziwa ukuthi babedla ukudla kwezilwane kuphela - ama-mastodons, inyathi, amahhashi, izinyoni, inyamazane, izinkambo. Futhi, amahlosi abulala amachaphazelo adla izinyamazane ezincane, ezibuthakathaka. Izazi zesimo sezulu ziyavuma ukuthi lapho zifuna ukudla azidelelanga isidumbu.

Ngokusobala, lezi zidlova zazihamba zizingela amaphakethe, izinsikazi zazingabazingeli abangcono kunabesilisa futhi zazihlala zihamba phambili. Babamba inyamazane, bayibulala, bayihlikihla futhi bayikhipha emzimbeni i-carotid artery ngamangqini abukhali.

Okuphinde kufakazele ukuthi ziyilungu lomndeni wekati. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, njengoba wazi, amakati ahaqa izinyamazane zawo. Ngokungafani namabhubesi nabanye abahlaseli, abathi uma sebebambile, badwengule isilwane esingesihle.

Kodwa, amahlosi abambe amathebhu kwakungewona kuphela abazingeli emhlabeni owakhiwe, futhi ayenabazoncintisana abanzima. Isibonelo, eSouth America, bancintiswelwa yizinyoni ezidla ama-fororacosa kanye nosayizi wendlovu, ama-sloth amakhulu e-megateria, futhi lawo ayengakuthandi ukudla inyama ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kwakunezimbangi eziningi kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho zeMelika. Le ibhubesi lomhume, nebhere elikhulu elinobuso obufushane, impisi esabekayo, nabanye abaningi.

Imbangela yokuqothulwa kwezihlosi ze-saber-toothed

Eminyakeni yamuva, emaphephandabeni esayensi ngezikhathi ezithile kunolwazi lokuthi izakhamizi zesizwe esithile zazibona izilwane, ngokusho kwencazelo efana neye-tier-toothed tiger. Abomdabu baze babapha igama - amabhubesi asezintabeni. Kepha asikho isiqinisekiso esisemthethweni sokuthi ama-saber-toothed tigerbayaphila.

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokunyamalala kwamahlosi abambe izimbotshana kwakuwukutshala okushintshiwe kwe-Arctic. U-E. Willerlev, uprofesa eYunivesithi yaseCopenhagen, neqembu lososayensi abavela emazweni ayishumi nesithupha, bahlole iseli le-DNA elikhishwe esilwaneni sasendulo esalondolozwe eqhweni.

Okwavela lapho kufinyelela iziphetho ezilandelayo: amakhambi adliwa ngamahhashi, antelopes kanye neminye imifino ngaleso sikhathi ayenothile ngamaprotheni. Ngokuqala kwe-Ice Age, zonke izimila ziyaqhuma.

Ngemuva kokuncibilika, izimila nezinyathelo zokubeletha zaphenduka zaba luhlaza futhi, kodwa inani lokudla kwamakhambi amasha lashintsha, lalingenalo inani lamaprotheni elifanele. Kungani wonke ama-artiodactyls aqothuka ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi emva kwabo iketanga kwalandelwa amahlosi abedle ngokudla, bawadla, bahlala ngaphandle kokudla, kungani bafa yindlala.

Esikhathini sethu sobuchwepheshe obuphakeme, ngosizo lwehluzo lwekhompyutha ungabuyisela noma yini bese ubuyela emuva emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Ngakho-ke, kumamyuziyamu omlando anikezelwe ezilwaneni zasendulo, ezingabonakali, kunemidwebo eminingi izithombe ngesithombe kubhebhezeliweamahlosiokusivumela ukuba sizazi lezi zilwane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Mhlawumbe lapho-ke, sizokwazisa, sithande futhi sivikele imvelo futhi ihlikihliweamahlosi, nezinye izilwane eziningi ngeke zibhalwe Bomvuizincwadi njengezinhlobo ezingapheli.

Ikati noma ihlosi?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi igama elithi "amahlosi asezinhlwini", elibonakala lijwayelekile, empeleni alilungile.

Isayensi yemvelo iyayazi ikati elincane lamakati we-saber-toothed (Machairodontinae). Kodwa-ke, lezi zilwane zasendulo zinezici ezimbalwa ezivamile ezinamahlosi. Kowokuqala nowesibili, ukulingana nokwakheka komzimba kuyehluka kakhulu, imihlathi engezansi ixhunyiwe ngezindlela ezihlukile kugebhezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala we- "tiger" onemigqa awunasici kunoma yimaphi amakati acwengekile we-saber. Indlela yabo yokuphila ihlukile kuneyamahlosi: izazi ze-paleontologists zibonisa ukuthi lezi zilwane bekungezodwa, zihlala futhi zizingela ngamaphayiphi, njengamabhubesi.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba igama elithi "ama-tier-toothed tiger" asetshenziswa cishe endaweni yonke, futhi nasezincwadini zesayensi, sizosebenzisa futhi le nkulumo enhle.

ISaber-Tooth Cats Tribe

Kuze kube ngu-2000, amakamela angaphansi kwe-saber-tooted, noma iMachairodontinae, ahlanganisa izizwe ezintathu ezinkulu.

Abamele isizwe sokuqala, iMachairodontini (kwesinye isikhathi esibizwa ngeHomoterini), bahlukaniswa ngamafangs amakhulu angenasici, ububanzi nobubanzi ngaphakathi.Ngenkathi zizingela, izinyamazane zethembele kakhulu ekushayweni yilesi “sikhali” esicindezelayo kunokukuluma. Amakati amancanyana wesizwe sama-makhairode ayefana nengwe encane yesimanje, enkulu kunazo zonke edlula usayizi wehlosi elikhulu kakhulu.

Amahlosi abulala amasondo wesizwe sesibili, iSmilodontini, aboniswa ngamaphisi amade amade, noma kunjalo ayemancane kakhulu futhi engenamithi njengawama-machairods. Ukuhlaselwa kwabo ngama-fangs kusuka phezulu kuya phansi kwakuyingozi kakhulu futhi kwakulungile kakhulu phakathi kwabamele bonke amakati we-saber-tooted. Njengomthetho, ama-smilodons ayengusayizi wehlosi le-Amur noma ibhubesi, kepha izinhlobo zaseMelika zalokhu ezidliwayo zingezenkazimulo yekati elikhulu kakhulu eli-saber emlandweni.

Isizwe sesithathu, iMetailurini, siyindala kunazo zonke. Kungakho amazinyo alezi zilwane emelela uhlobo “lwesigaba esiguqukayo” phakathi kwamafaya ezikati ezijwayelekile nezine-saber-toothed. Kukholelwa ukuthi bahlukana namanye amaMakhairodontovy ngokwanele kusenesikhathi, futhi ukuziphendukela kwabo kwenzeka ngendlela ehlukile. Ngenxa yobuthakathaka obuqinile bezimpawu ze- "saber-tootod", abamele lesi sizwe baqala ukubizwa ngokuqondile ngokugoba, becabanga "ngamakati amancane" noma "i-pseudo-saber-tootod. Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000, lesi sizwe asisafakiwe ku-subfamily intshisekelo kithi.

Isikhathi se-Saber-toothed tiger

Amakati we-Saber-toothed ahlala uMhlaba isikhathi eside impela - iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amabili, avela okokuqala kwi-Early Miocene futhi anyamalala ngokuphelele esikhathini sekwephuzile kwePleistocene. Kulesi sikhathi sonke lesi sikhathi, babeke izinhlobo eziningi zezakhi zofuzo nezinhlobo, ukuhlukahluka ngokubukeka nosayizi. Kodwa-ke, ama-ferts aphezulu we-hypertrophied (kwezinye izinhlobo zingafinyelela amasentimitha angaphezu kwamashumi amabili ubude) nempahla yokuvula umlomo kakhulu (ngesinye isikhathi kube nama-degree ayikhulu namashumi amabili!) Ngokwesiko kube yizici zawo ezijwayelekile.

Ayehlala kuphi amakati we-saber-toothed?

Kukholelwa ukuthi ihlosi lasendulo eli-saber-toothed lalihlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwase-Australia nase-Antarctica. Isikhungo sokuhanjiswa kwalezi zilwane emhlabeni wonke kwakuthiwa yi-Asiya.

Okutholwe ngemivubukulo kukhombisa ukuthi abamele isizwe samaMahairod babehlala endaweni ye-Asia yanamuhla neYurophu. Kepha womabili amazwekazi aseMelika ayakhelwa ama-smilodons.

E-Afrika, amakati okubulala amachashazi abulawa ngokuphelele eminyakeni engaba ngamakhulu amahlanu edlule, ngenkathi anyamalala endaweni yaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kuphela eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu edlule.

Amakati ahlanzwa kanjani amakati

Kukholakala ukuthi wonke amakati a-saber amathoyizi angakaze abizwe embusweni wezilwane ayengabantu abakhethekile ababedla umhlanganiso, abakwaziyo ukuzingela izilwane, osayizi bawo bedlula ezabo. Ososayensi namanje abafikanga esivumelwaneni sokuthi lezi zilwane zingabulala yini ama-pachyderms amakhulu - ngokwesibonelo, obhejane noma ama-mastodons. Kodwa-ke, kuqinisekile ukuthi inyathi, izingulube zasendle, izinyamazane kanye nama-hipparion (amahhashi asendulo) kwakuyizisulu ezivamile kubo. Amakati we-Saber-toothed futhi ayezingela abantu basendulo.

Lezi zilwane zazibonakaliswa ngokuhlaselwa okuqamayo. Cindezela isisulu emhlabathini ngezinqa zangaphambili ezinamandla noma ukumba umphimbo wakhe, ihlosi elihlikihla ngesikhumba lamsika ngokushesha ngaso leso sikhathi i-carotid artery kanye ne-trachea. Ukunemba kokulunywa kwakuyisikhali esiyinhloko salokhu okuphangiwe - ngemuva kwakho konke, amafongo abambelele emathanjeni wezinyamazane angaqhuma. Iphutha elinjalo belingambulala umhlaseli ongaphumelelanga, limncishe amandla okuzingela futhi ngaleyo ndlela limgwebe ukufa.

Kungani amakati abulala amachashaza aphela?

Kwi-Pleistocene, noma "iminyaka yeqhwa", ebiyinde isikhathi kusuka ezigidini ezimbili kuya kwamashumi amabili nanhlanu kuya kweziyishumi ezedlule, izilwane ezincelisayo eziningi kancane kancane zanyamalala - amabhere emhumeni, obhejane ohlobo lwezinceku, amabele amakhulu, amabele kanye nezingwe ezinama-saber. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?

Ngesikhathi sokuphola kweqhwa, izitshalo eziningi ezicebile ngamaprotheni zaphela, okwaba njengokudla okujwayelekile kwezilwane ezinkulu ezinamakhaza. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yePleistocene, isimo sezulu kule planethi sasiqala ukufudumala futhi somile. Amahlathi athathelwa indawo kancane kancane yindawo enotshani evulekile, kepha imifino emisha, evumelana nezimo ezishintshayo, yayingenalo inani lokudla okwakukhona kokuphilayo. Kancane kancane ama-slbs nama-mammoths afa ngaphandle kokuthola ukudla okwenele. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, zimbalwa izilwane ezingahlaselwa abazingeli. Isibambisi esinezinyosi, umzingeli omkhulu wegeyimu, sabanjwa yileso simo. Izici ezihlelekile zohlelo lakhe lomhlathi zazingamvumeli ukuthi abambe izilwane ezincane, umzimba wakhe omkhulu nomsila omfushane akuzange kumvumele ukuthi abambe inyamazane enezinyawo ezisobala evulekile, eya iba yanda. Izimo ezishintshile ziholele ekutheni amahlosi asendulo anama-fangs abunjwe nge-saber awatholanga thuba lokusinda. Kancane kancane kepha ngokungenangqondo zonke izinhlobo zalezi zilwane ezikhona ngokwemvelo zanyamalala ebusweni boMhlaba.

Ngaphandle kokukhetha, wonke amakati acwengekile - ayisilwane esiphelele ngokuphelele esingashiyanga nzalo eqondile.

I-Smoky Leopard - isizukulwane sesimanje sesikhumba se-saber-toothed

Namuhla kukholelwa ukuthi okungaqondile, kepha isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu sakwaSmilodon ingwe emomotheka. KungokwkaPantherinae amakati (amakati wePantherina), ngaphakathi ahlukile kuhlobo lweNeofelis.

Isidumbu sakhe sikhulu impela futhi sibumbene ngasikhathi sinye - lezi zici zazihambisana namakati amakati wangaphansi wezinsuku zakudala. Phakathi kwabamele amakati wanamuhla, lesi silo sinama-fangs amade kakhulu (angaphezulu nangaphansi) ahlobene nosayizi wawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imihlathi yalesi simangalo ingavula ukuya kuma-85 degrees, amakhulu kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi ikati yanamuhla.

Ukungabi yinzalo eqondile yamakati a-saber, i-leopard ebhemayo isebenza njengobufakazi obusobala bokuthi umzingeli osebenzisa "ama-saber fangs" angasetshenziswa ngumphangi ezikhathini zanamuhla.

Ihlosi elalihlanjelwe ngesibabule lalingelona ukhokho wehlosi lesimanje

Zonke izingosi zanamuhla zenyathi (I-Panthera tigris)ngokwesibonelo, amahlosi aseSiberia angamalungu e-genus panther (Panthera) kusuka kumakati amakhulu amakhulu (I-Pantherinae). Amahlosi abhula ngamabhubesi, nawo angawokungaphansi kwamakati amakati wokubhubhisa aqeda ukuphela kwe-Pleistocene (Machairodontinae)ehlobene ukude namabhubesi anamuhla, amahlosi, izingulule kanye nejeya.

ISmilodon kwakungeyona ukuphela kwekati elihlwabusayo

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwezingwe zabasabizi oludume kakhulu yi-smilodon (Smīlodōn), wayekude kakhulu nommeleli kuphela wezinceku ezithobile zezashubhu. Ngesikhathi se-Cenozoic, i-subfamily yayihlanganisa uhlobo olungaphezulu kweshumi nambili, kufaka phakathi i-meganteron (I-Megantereon) , omunye wabamele bakhe oboniswe esithombeni esingenhla. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamakati we-prehistoric kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi izilwane ezincelisayo ezinjengekati ezaziphila emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi, zazinezici ezifanayo zokutholwa, kepha ukuhlangana kwazo namahlosi esibeletha kukhulisa ukungabaza okuqinile kumibuthano ye-paleontological.

I-genus smilodon yayihlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene

Okuncane esikwaziyo ngefomu elincane (elinesisindo kufika ku-100 kg) I-smilodon gracilis, ebihlala engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-United States phakathi kwezigidi ezingama-2,5 no-500 edlule. Isilinganiso ngosayizi, kepha hhayi ngodumo phakathi kwenqwaba yabantu I-smilodon fataliswayehlala endaweni yaseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-1,6-10 edlule. Ilungu elikhulu kunawo wonke le-genus smilodon kwakuyizinhlobo I-smilodon populator, abantu ngamunye ofinyelela isisindo esingama-500 kg.

Ama-Saber-toothed tiger fangs acishe abe ngu-30 cm ubude

Akekho umuntu ongaba nentshisekelo kumahlosi asebusweni uma ebukeka njengamakati amakhulu nje. Yini eyenza lo omelele megafauna akufanele ngempela ukunakwa? Kuyiqiniso, amaphiko akhe amakhulu, ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu afinyelela kubude obungaba ngama-30 cm. Okudabukisayo ngokwanele, kepha la mazinyo amabi ayesabukeka kalula, aphuka kalula ngesikhathi se-melee futhi akakaze akhule futhi.

Ama-Saber-toothed tiger ayenemisipha ebuthakathaka

Ihlosi eline-saber-toothed lingavula umlomo walo njengenyoka ebangeni lama-degrees angama-120, elingaba kathathu kubanzi kunebhubesi lesimanje (noma ikati lasekhaya). Ngokumangazayo, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-smilodon azikwazanga ukusebenzisa lesi sikhala ekulimeni okunamandla kwesisulu sazo, njengoba befanele ukuvikela amafangwane ayigugu kumonakalo ongafuneki (bona isigaba esedlule).

Ihlosi elalinezicubu zomlilo lalilinde inyamazane, licashe esihlahleni

Amachaphaza amade futhi angenamikhono wehlosi le-saber-toothed, elihlanganiswe nemihlathi ebuthakathaka, enza isitayela sawo sokuzingela ngokukhethekile. Ngokwazi kwe-paleontologists, amahlosi abulala izimbotshana ahlasela inyamazane yawo evela emagatsheni aphansi ezihlahla, afaka “amashubhu” awo ajulile entanyeni yesisulu esingesihle, abese athuthela kude.

Ama-Saber-toothed tiger angahlala emaphaketheni

Amakati amaningi amakhulu anamuhla asunduzele ama-paleontologists ukuthi aphakamise ukuthi amahlosi abambe amathebhu ayehlala emaphaketheni. Ubufakazi bale mbono buwubufakazi bokuguga nezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezimeni eziningi zezinto eziphilayo ezibonisa ukuthi kukhona i-smilodon. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi abantu abagulayo nabadala bakwazi ukusinda endle ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle, noma okungenani bavikele amanye amalungu epakethe.

I-La Brea Ranch - Umthombo ocebile kakhulu wezinsalela zezimbila ze-saber-toothed

Iningi lezinsalela zezidalwa zama-dinosaurs nezilwane ezisetshenzisiwe zatholakala emagumbini akude omhlaba, kepha izinkulungwane zezinhlwathi ezishubile zibuyiselwe ezinsaleleni ezitholakele kumachibi we-bitumen (imigodi yamatshe) eLa Brea Ranch, eLos Angeles. Cishe, amakati aphambili akhangwa ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezibambelele ku-resin, ezazikubheka njengesidlo sasemini esilula.

Amahlosi ashunqisa i-saber-hadot had had body stockier than amakati amakhulu anamuhla

Ngaphezu kwama-fangs amade abunjiwe nge-saber, kukhona enye indlela yokuhlukanisa ihlosi le-saber-toothed kusuka kumakati amakhulu anamuhla. Babenentamo emnyama, isifuba esibanzi nemilenze emfishane yokuqina. Umzimba wesitoko uhambelana kahle nendlela yabo yokuphila, ngoba kwakungadingeki baphishekele inyamazane yabo ngezihlahla ezingapheli, kodwa bagxume kuwo kuphela bevela emagatsheni aphansi ezihlahla.

I-saber-tootod tiger yaqothulwa eminyakeni eyi-10,000 eyedlule

Kungani amahlosi abulala amathebhu enyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba ngasekupheleni kwenkathi yeqhwa yokugcina? Akunakwenzeka ukuthi abantu bakudala babe nobudlelwano obuqondile kulokhu. Ngokunokwenzeka, inhlanganisela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuqothulwa kancane kancane kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu ezazisebenza njengezisulu zazo kuholele ekuqothulweni kwazo. Kukholakala ukuthi amasampula e-DNA angaqondakali angasetshenziswa ukwenza ihlosi le-saber-toothed njengengxenye yohlelo lwesayensi olwaziwa ngokuthi ukuqothulwa.

Isizathu sokuqothulwa kwezihlosi ze-saber-toothed

Imbangela ngqo yokuqothulwa ayikasungulwa. Kepha kukhona imiqondo eminingi ezosiza ukucacisa leli qiniso. Ezimbili zazo zihlobene ngqo nokudla komondli.

Owokuqala uphakamisa ukudla ama-saber-toothed tiger hhayi inyama, kepha igazi lokuphangwa. Babesebenzisa imitshingo yabo njengezinaliti. Umzimba wesisulu onamathelayo esibindini, futhi ukhishwe, kwegazi okugelezayo.

Isidumbu ngokwaso sahlala singakaze sitshelwe. Ukudla okunjalo kwabangela ukuba izinyamazane zizingele cishe usuku lonke futhi zibulale izilwane eziningi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yeqhwa. Ngemuva kokuthi, lapho umdlalo usuphelile, amahlosi abamba izimbotshana aqothulwa yindlala.

Owesibili, ovame kakhulu, uthi ukuqothulwa kwamahlosi asezinhlafunweni kuhlotshaniswa nokuqothulwa okuqondile kwezilwane ezazenza ukudla kwazo okujwayelekile. Futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, behluleka nje ukwakha kabusha ngenxa yezici zabo zokuthambisa.

Manje kunemibono yokuthi ama-saber-toothed tiger namanje uyaphila futhi babonwa eCentral Africa ngabazingeli bezizwe zasendaweni abambiza ngokuthi "ibhubesi lasezintabeni."

Kepha lokhu akubhaliwe, futhi kusalokhu kusezingeni lezindaba. Ososayensi abakuphiki ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba khona kwezinye izimo ezinjalo manje. Uma ama-saber-toothed tiger futhi, noma kunjalo, bazothola, khona-ke ngokushesha bazoya ekhasini Incwadi ebomvu.

Habitat

Amakati weSabretooth akhona ukusuka e-Eocene kuya kwi-Pleistocene (izigidi ezingama-55,8 kuya kweziyi-11,7 edlule). Babhebhetheke eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu phakathi neMiocene nePliocene epoch (eminyakeni engama-23-2,588 edlule). Ngezikhathi zePliocene, basakazekela e-Asia nase-Afrika. Ngesikhathi se-Pleistocene, amakati ahlukaniswe ngamabhulashi okuhlala amelika.

Izici zesakhiwo

Phakathi kwamakati asezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, kanye nezinye izilwane zomhlaba wethu, bekukhona uhlobo olukhethekile. Esidume kunazo zonke kwakuyilungu lokugcina kusuka kwi-subfamily, smilodon. Lawa kwakungamakati amakhulu anezinwele ezimfishane. Bahlala izindawo zaseNingizimu neNyakatho Melika ngesikhathi sePleistocene.

ISmilodon yayinomzimba omkhulu futhi icishe ibe likhulu njengebhubesi noma ihlosi ngosayizi. Isisindo sezilwane sasisuka ku-160 saya ku-400 kg.

Ama-fangs amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukwenza amanxeba ajulile nokushaywa okunamandla kuma-herbivores amakhulu, okwakulula ukuthi abe ama-smilodons. Imisipha yentamo yayinamandla kakhulu futhi i-elastic. Lesi sici sachazwa iqiniso lokuthi ukuze kushaye izingwebu zesitha nokubamba imilomo bekufanele kuvulwe cishe ngo-120 °! Kuyiqiniso, amafangwane anjalo ayengafaneleki ngokuphelele ngamahlosi - izilwane ezincane zahlala zingathandeki kuzo, kwakunzima kakhulu ukuzibamba ngama-fangs, futhi izindondo zalaba bantu abazingelayo zancishiswa ngokuphelele.

Ukuqothulwa

Ekupheleni kwenkathi ye-Pliocene, amakati a-saber-tootod afela ku-Old World, kodwa eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika asinda ngempumelelo kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwenkathi yePleistocene.

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokunyamalala kwamahlosi abulala izimbumbulu, kanye nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo zangalesosikhathi, kwakuyinkathi yeqhwa, eyaqhubeka isuka ezigidini ezimbili kuya kwengama-25 edlule. ISmilodons yanyamalala cishe eyokuqala, ngenxa yezindimbane zayo ezinkulu kwakunzima ngabo ukuzingela izilwane ezincane, ukuncintisana phakathi kwezilwane ezidla izambane likapondo kukhulu kakhulu, futhi amakati abedliswa amathoyizi awakwazanga ukumelana nawo.

Ukutholwa kwe-Paleontological

Ngo-1841, kwavela umbiko wokuqala we-tiger e-saber kusuka kwirekhodi lokugcina. Esifundazweni saseMinas Geiras empumalanga yeBrazil, lapho abembele khona udokotela wezemvelo waseDenmark, noPeter Wilhelm Lund, kwafunyanwa imfucumfucu. Usosayensi wafunda futhi wachaza ngokuningiliziwe izinkanyezi, wahlela amaqiniso futhi waqamba lesi silo njengohlobo olwehlukile.

ILa Brea Ranch, etholakala esigodini esincanyana eduze kwedolobha laseLos Angeles, idume ngokutholwa kwezilwane eziningi ezihamba phambili, kubandakanya ikati eli-saber. Esikhathini seqhwa, kwakukhona ichibi elimnyama esigodini, eligcwele uwoyela omanzi (i-asphalt ewuketshezi). Ungqimba oluncane lwamanzi luqoqwe ebusweni bawo futhi luhehe izinyoni nezilwane ngobukhazikhazi bawo.

Izilwane zaya endaweni yokunisela, futhi zawela ogibeni lokufa. Oyedwa kwakumelwe angene embilinini we-fetid futhi imilenze ngokwayo inamathele ebusweni bayo. Ngaphansi kwesisindo semizimba yabo, izisulu zokukhohlisa okubonakalayo zahamba kancane kancane zangena ku-asphalt, ngisho nabantu abanamandla kakhulu abakwazanga ukuphuma kuyo. Umdlalo oboshwe echibini ububukeka njengezisulu ezilula kubazingeli, kodwa lapho befika kulo, bona uqobo babanjiswa.

Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, abantu baqala ukukhipha i-asphalt echibini futhi, ngeshwa, bathola izinsalela eziningi zezilwane ezazingcwatshwe ziphila. Ngaphandle kwaphakanyiswa izingcucu ezingaphezu kwamawaka amabili zamakati - Njengoba kwavela kamuva, yintsha kuphela eyawela kulolu gibe. Izilwane ezindala, ezivele zifundiswe okuhlangenwe nakho okubabayo, zidlula kule ndawo.

Ukutadisha izinsalela kwenziwa ososayensi abavela e-University of California. Ngosizo lwe-tomograph, ukwakheka kwamazinyo nobuningi bamathambo kwasungulwa, kwenziwa izifundo eziningana zofuzo nezobunhloli. Amathambo wekati elicwengekileyo lavuselelwa ngemininingwane eminingi. Ubuchwepheshe bamakhompiyutha banamuhla buye basiza ekwakheni kabusha isithombe sesilwane futhi babala namandla okusiluma.

Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha

I-saber-toothed tiger yasendulo ingummeleli wesikhathi esihluke ngokuphelele futhi ekuziphatheni kwayo ayifani kakhulu namakati anamuhla. Kungenzeka ukuthi izinyamazane zazihlala emaqenjini omphakathi, ezibandakanya abesifazane abathathu kuya kwabane, abesilisa abaningana nabantu abasha. Kungenzeka ukuthi inani labesilisa nabesilisa belilingana. Ukuzingela ndawonye, izilwane zingabamba umdlalo omkhulu, okusho ukuthi zizinikezela ngenani elikhulu lokudla.

Lokhu kucatshangelwa kuqinisekiswa ukutholakala kwe-paleontological - amathambo amaningana amakati ayevame ukutholakala emthanjeni owodwa we-herbivore. Isilwane, esenziwe buthaka ngenxa yokulimala nezifo, ngale ndlela yokuphila, sasihlala singathembela engxenyeni yezinyamazane. Ngokomunye umbono, abantu besizwe abebengafani ngobuntu futhi badla isihlobo esigulayo.

Amaqiniso we-TOP 10 mayelana nehlosi le-saber-toothed

Kanye ne-mammoth, ihlosi le-saber-toothed lalingenye yezilwane ezincelisayo ezaziwa kakhulu nge-megafauna ngesikhathi sePleistocene. Kepha bewazi yini ukuthi lesi simanga esidabukisayo sasixhunywe kuphela nehlosi lesimanje, futhi izingwegwe zalo zazicekeceke isikhathi eside? Kulesi sihloko, uzothola amaqiniso ayi-10 athokozelayo nge-saber-toothed tiger, ekhonjiswe ngezithombe nezithombe.

1. Ihlosi eline-saber-tootod kwakungelona ukhokho wehlosi lesimanje

Zonke izingosi zesimanje zenyathi (Panthera tigris), ngokwesibonelo, amahlosi aseSiberia angawesizukulwane iPanther (Panthera) amakati amakhulu amancane (i-Pantherinae). Ama-Saber-toothed tiger, nawo, angawesinye sezinkonyane ezingaphansi kwe-saber-toothed (Machairodontinae), edlulayo ekugcineni kwePleistocene, ehlobene kude kakhulu namabhubesi anamuhla, amahlosi, izingulule kanye nejezi.

ISmilodon kwakungeyona ukuphela kohlobo lwezinkomo ezi-saber

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uhlobo oludumile kakhulu lwezingwe zabasabizi-oludonsa kakhulu yi-smilodon (Smīlodōn), wayekude kakhulu nommeleli wezinceku ezazihlangene namakati. Ngesikhathi se-Cenozoic, i-subfamily ifaka ngaphezulu kweshumi elinesizalo genera, kufaka phakathi iMegantereon, enye yazo ekhonjiswe esithombeni ngenhla. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamakati we-prehistoric kuyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi izilwane ezincelisayo ezinjengekati ezaziphila emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi, zazinezici ezifanayo zokutholwa, kepha ukuhlangana kwazo namahlosi esibeletha kukhulisa ukungabaza okuqinile kumibuthano ye-paleontological.

3. I-genus smilodon ifaka izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukile

Okuncane kunazo zonke sazi ngezinhlobo ezincane (ezifika ku-100 kg ezisisindo) zeSmilodon gracilis, ezazihlala engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-USA phakathi kwezigidi ezingama-2,5 no-500 edlule. ISmododon Fatalis, ngokwesilinganiso ngosayizi, kodwa hhayi ngokuthandwa phakathi kwabantu abahlukahlukene, yayihlala eMelika cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-1,6-10 edlule. Ilungu elikhulu kunawo wonke lohlobo lwe-smilodon kwakuyinhlobo yeSmilodon popator, abantu ngabanye abafinyelela isisindo esingama-500 kg.

4. Amachaphaza esihlakala se-saber-toothed acishe abe yi-30 cm ubude

5. Amahlosi we-Saber-toothed had a imihlathi ebuthakathaka.

6. Ihlosi elalinezicucu lalilinde inyamazane, licashe esihlahleni

7. Ama-Saber-toothed tiger angahlala emaphaketheni

8. ILa Brea Ranch - umthombo ocebile kakhulu wezinsalela zezimbila ze-saber-toothed

9. Ihlosi eline-saber-toothed lalinomzimba wesiteki kunamakati amakhulu anamuhla

10. Ihlosi elali-toothed lafa eminyakeni eyizi-10,000 eyedlule
Kungani amahlosi abulala amathebhu enyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba ngasekupheleni kwenkathi yeqhwa yokugcina? Akunakwenzeka ukuthi abantu bakudala babe nobudlelwano obuqondile kulokhu. Ngokunokwenzeka, inhlanganisela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuqothulwa kancane kancane kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu ezazisebenza njengezisulu zazo kuholele ekuqothulweni kwazo. Kukholakala ukuthi amasampula e-DNA angaqondakali angasetshenziswa ukwenza ihlosi le-saber-toothed njengengxenye yohlelo lwesayensi olwaziwa ngokuthi ukuqothulwa.

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