Ama-aquarists amaningi okuqala awazi nokuthi amakhambi e-aquarium molt futhi awajwayelani nhlobo nalesi simo. I-Sdingding ukulahlwa kwesembozo esidala se-chitinous se-crayfish (igobolondo) ukuze ikhule. Imvamisa, umdlavuza wabantu abadala usuqunjelwa kanye ngonyaka (ukukhula okuvame kakhulu), kuthi emva kokulahlwa okudala, kuqalise ukukhula. Ngakho-ke, i-crayfish e-aquarium kumele ibhekwe njalo. Uma uthola ukuthi umdlavuza uqala ukucasha kaningi, bese ungathuki, ngokunokwenzeka, uqalile ukuncibilika. Noma uma ubona ukuthi igobolondo lakhe liku-aquarium, akunakusho ukuthi alisusi! Umdlavuza uzowudla, une-calcium kuwo, ozosiza ekuvuseleleni okusha. Imvamisa ku-molting kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi ukudla ikhava le-chitinous kuyashesha le nqubo.
Amapharamitha wamanzi okugcina i-crayfish e-aquarium
Izinhlobo eziningi zekhrayoni ayilungele amanzi acijile, ngakho-ke musa ukuzihlola. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe liyahlukahluka, ukusuka kuma-4 kuye kwangama-30 degrees, kodwa ngokuvamile amakhrayoni ezinhlanzi ezifuywayo agcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-22-26 degrees.
Amanzi omdlavuza e-aquarium kufanele abe emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke inhlobo yezilwane ekhululekile ezimeni ezinjalo.
Ngokulungiswa kwezinye izinhlobo zekhrayoni, kuzodingeka amadivayisi akhethekile wokupholisa amanzi. Isibonelo, amakhrayoni abanzi asendlini abanzi awalungele amazinga okushisa angaphezu kwama-20 degrees. Ingapholisiswa kusetshenziswa isiqandisi esikhethekile se-aquarium.
Umhlobiso weCrayfish Aquarium
I-crayfish ivame ukubhubhisa izitshalo ezithambile, ngakho-ke i-aquarium ene-crayfish yenziwa ngezinhlobo zezitshalo ezinzima noma izihlahla zokufakelwa.
I-aquarium kufanele igcwaliswe ngezimbali zokufakelwa, izitshalo, amatshe, izikebhe futhi zifakwe izindawo zokukhosela.
Kufanele kube nezindawo zokukhosela, ngoba izingulule azizona ezezidalwa ezifuyayo, futhi zingahlasela izihlobo zazo ezibuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi lezo ezincibilikisiwe kuphela. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kufanele ibe nama-grottoes, i-driftwood, izimbiza zezimbali, amatshe.
Uma udala i-aquarium ejwayelekile, khona-ke izinhlanzi kufanele zibe zinkulu futhi zingabi nolaka, kodwa zikwazi ukuzenzela ngokwazo. Ama-stingrays, i-tetraodons ne -araara azikwazi ukugcinwa ndawonye ne-crayfish, njengoba lezi zinhlanzi zihlukanisa ukudla kwazo nge-crayfish. Izinhlobo zezinhlansi ezingaphansi kwazo nazo ngokwezigaba azifanelekanga, ngoba kulokhu uCrayfish uzohlasela inhlanzi. Izimfudu zasolwandle kanye no-crayfish azihambelani ku-aquarium efanayo.
I-aquarium lapho crayfish ihlala khona ivalwe ngci. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqapheleke ukuthi umdlavuza ungaslayida kalula isivalo noma ingilazi, uphume e-aquarium, uhambe ngezinyawo. Imvamisa, imfishi ezibandayo zibaleka zingenawo amanzi ampofu kanye nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Umdlavuza osindile uzovalela endaweni ecashile lapho uzofela khona buthule.
UKUDLA KOKUDoba
Ama-crayfish ayakujabulela ukudla izidumbu zamagazi, abenzi bamapayipi, izikhwebu zomhlaba, imichilo yezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinamafutha aphansi, inyama enamafutha aphansi, amasele kanye neminenke. Lapho usuthisa amakhambi ngeminenke, kufanele wazi ukuthi akufanele zinikezwe amachibi kanye nezinye izinambuzane ezifuywayo, ngoba zibekezelela izifo ezahlukahlukene.
Ekudla kwezitshalo, amakhrayoni alungele izitshalo zasemanzini ezithambile ezinjenge-elodea ne-duckweed. Banikezwa nelayisi elibilisiwe, ama-hercule ahlanjiwe kanye namaphilisi wemifino we-catfish. I-crayfish ayenqabi imicengezi ecwilayo yokudla okuhlanganisiwe.
Umdlavuza obanzi
Lolu hlobo lwe-crayfish luthanda ukubanda. Izwe lokudoba ngezinwe elibanzi liseNkabeni naseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Lezi ziklabishi zihlala emachibini nasemifuleni enenhlabathi eqinile.
Amakhrayoni azwela kakhulu ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ngakho-ke, ezindaweni zawo, amachibi kufanele abe nobungane bemvelo.
Ubude bomzimba besilisa bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-15, futhi isisindo esiphezulu singama-gramu ayi-350, ubude bomzimba besifazane buhluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-12 kuya kwayi-15, futhi isisindo asidluli kumagremu angama-200. Abesilisa bane "ntamo" enkulu nezinzipho. Isikhathi esiphakeme se-crayfish esibanzi esisezingeni eliphakeme yiminyaka engu-15 ukuya kwengama-20.
Amanzi wokulungiswa kwale nhlobo kufanele ahlanzeke, nge-pH engathathi hlangothi, nobulukhuni obuphakathi. Izinga lomoya-mpilo akufanele liwele ngaphansi kwe-3-4 mg / l. Izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwama-degrees angama-24 liyingozi kubo, izinga lokushisa elilungile lingama-degrees ayi-20. I-crayfish ebanzi ifakwa ku-aquariums kusuka ku-100 l, ngefreyimu ephezulu, i-aeration nenqwaba yezindawo zokukhosela. Ukuthomba kwenzeka eminyakeni emi-3. Inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi eyodwa iletha amaqanda angaba ngu-200. Kepha ezindaweni zasemanzini azizali.
Thin-crayfish
Lolu hlobo lwe-crayfish lungaphezulu kwe-thermophilic. Amakhrayoni amancanyana ahlala emigodini yeCaspian, emnyama, kanye nolwandle i-Azov, ngaphezu kwalokho, ahlala emizimbeni enamanzi aseSiberia aseNtshonalanga. Zombili izinqolobane ezigelezayo nezimi kahle zilungele impilo, futhi zingahlala emanzini angaboli.
Lezi ziklabishi azimbizi izimbobo, kepha zitholele indawo phakathi kwezitshalo namatshe. Izinga lokushisa elilungile le-emihle-crayfish lingama-degrees angama-22-25, bese kuthi phezulu kube ngama-32 degrees. Bahlala emanzini alungile acid, pH 4.6-4.7.
I-Fine-crayfish crayfish ziyasebenza ubusuku nemini, ngakho-ke kuyathokozisa ukuzibuka ezinhlanzini. Emanzini, lolu hlobo, njengalo olwedlule, aluzali.
Umdlavuza weblue cuban
Lolu hlobo lungelokuqala ukusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo ukuya kuma-Russia zasemanzini. Ubude bomzimba ngaphandle kwezinswelaboya kuCuban blue crayfish bufinyelela amasentimitha ayi-12. Yize igama liqukethe "oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", lo mbala awucaciswanga, futhi umbala we-crayfish weCuba ungahluka, konke kuncike kumbala wabazali, izimo zokuboshwa nokudla.
Ku-2-4 Crayfish, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-50 kufanelekile. Ukuhlunga kanye nokwenziwa kwamanzi kuyadingeka, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngama-20-27 degrees. Imvamisa lawa makhrayoni agcinwa ndawonye nezinhlanzi ezinkulu.
I-Cayan crayfish evuthiwe ezinyangeni eziyi-7 ukuya kwezi-12. Uma kunabantu bobulili obuhlukile e-aquarium, khona-ke ekugcineni kuqhamuka insikazi ene-caviar. Okokuqala, i-caviar imnyama, bese iphenduka iluhlaza. Uma kungekho abesilisa, khona-ke insikazi izalela amaqanda angenafile wombala opinki okhanyayo, kepha inzalo ayitholakali kuwo. Owesifazane oyedwa angaletha amaqanda angama-200 noma ngaphezulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamaqanda kuthatha cishe amasonto amathathu.
Lezi ziklabishi zithandwa kakhulu ngoba azinabudlova, azilukhuni futhi zikwazi ukuzalanisa zithunjiwe.
Umdlavuza obomvu we-florida
Yize leli gama lisikisela ukuthi iFlorida yindawo yokuzalwa yalaba bantu abanemisakazo, empeleni bavela eLouisiana. Izindawo zokuhlala eFlorayfish: imifula, amachibi, amachibi, amachibi nezikhukhula zezikhukhula. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, crayfish igaya iminki ejulile.
Lolu hlobo aludingi kakhulu kwikhwalithi yamanzi. Ubukhulu bomzimba obukhulu bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Umbala womzimba ubomvu, unemibala ehlukahlukene. Kepha amnyama, amhlophe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye no-orenji eFlorida ayatholakala. Ezindebeni zazo zinokhonkwane obomvu.
Lolu hlobo luzizwa lukhululekile emazingeni okushisa angama-5-30 degrees. Yize ama-crayfish eFlorida aqhamuka eningizimu, ayabekezelela nobusika baseYurophu.
Kwababili, i-aquarium enomthamo wamalitha ayi-100 ifanelekile. Ngokuvamile le makhambi awazithinti izinhlanzi. Ekudingisweni, azalela kahle futhi angakwazi ukuzala unyaka wonke. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda angama-200.
Lezi zinhlwayi zingabekezelela amazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene: ukusuka kuma-5 kuye kwangama-30 degrees.
Izinhlamvu zezinkukhu zase-Australia
Muva nje, izinkalankala zaseNew Guinea nase-Australia ziya ngokuya zithandwa kakhulu. Igama lalezi zinhlwayi lizwakala yizindlebe zaseRussia ngokuthi iHerax. Izinhlobo eziningi zalawa makhanseli azikachazwa. Phakathi kwamaHerax kukhona izinhlobo ezinkulu ezingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-40 ubude futhi zibe nesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu. Kepha kunezinhlobo ezincane ezilungele ama-aquarium amancane.
Izimo zokwembaza zasolwandle e-Australia ziyafana nalezi ezichazwe ngenhla. I-aquarium engu-150 ngamasentimitha ayi-150 ilungele bona. Ezinhlotsheni ezincane, ama-aquariums anamthamo wamalitha angama-20 afanelekile. I-crayfish yase-Australia ibekezelela ukushisa kahle.
Zinokuthula impela, zinombala ogqamile, ngokuvamile azinandaba nezinhlanzi. Kepha bayathanda ukumba izimbobo emhlabathini futhi badilize izitshalo.
Ama-crayfish aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anombala okhanyayo nomlingiswa onokuthula.
Izinsikazi ziletha amaqanda angama-60. I-Caviar iba nezinyanga eziyi-1-1,5. Ubude bomzimba bama-crustaceans abasanda kuzalwa cishe ngamamilimitha ayi-8. Nezinsikazi, zihlala amasonto ama-2 zize zifike kumamilimitha ayi-12.
Uma iHerax isengozini, izenza sengathi ifile, icindezela ama-paws ayo bese ilele inganyakazi isikhashana phansi.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ungayondla kanjani i-crayfish
Uhlobo luni lokudla okudingeka ukudotshwa kwezinhlanzi zikawonkewonke ukuze zingazifuneli zodwa?
Izindaba ezimnandi zabaqalayo. Amawodi akho esikhathi esizayo awesabekayo, kepha ukuze azizwe enhle, adinga ukudla okuhlukahlukene kwezitshalo nemvelaphi yezilwane. Kungcono ukuthi kuguqulwe okunye ukudla, isibonelo, ngolunye usuku unikeza ukudla kwemifino, nokudla kwenyama okulandelayo.
Kungcono ukunikela ngokudla kusihlwa, ngoba ngesikhathi samakhrayonifish asendlini futhi adla okuncane.
Ezitolo ezikhethekile ungathenga kalula ukudla kwe-crayfish. Izinhlobo zemikhiqizo edumile kakhulu yilezi:
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi okuphakelayo okukhethekile kwe-crayfish akuhlinzeki nje kuphela ngazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo, kodwa futhi kusiza ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, ukuthuthukisa umbala wegobolondo labo futhi kungangcolisi amanzi. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho athola ama-feed akhethekile ukuthuthukisa ukungavikeleki kwabantu abasha, futhi ezinye izengezo eziqukethwe kuzo zivusa ukuzala kabusha.
I-Crayfish feed itholakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Kungaba yimiganu yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, izinti, njll., Akunandaba, onke ama-crarifish awo e-aquarium adla ngentokozo enkulu.
Udinga nokwazi ukuthi i-crayfish idla kahle nokudla okujwayelekile okwomile, okuvame ukudliwa izinhlanzi.
Okuphakelayo okugxilwe kukuhle futhi kunzima ukuphikisana nakho, kepha noma kunjalo, amakhrayoni adonsela ukudla kwemvelo kangcono.
Ekudleni komdlavuza, ukudla komsuka wesitshalo kufanele kube okungenani amaphesenti angama-90. Isitsha se-crayfish esithandayo yi-Hornwort.
I-Crayfish idla ulethisi ngokuzithandela kanye neklabishi laseShayina, ngisho ne-parsley ejwayelekile. Akunakwenzeka kuphela ukuthi unikeze izaqathe kumdlavuza, kodwa futhi kudingekile, ngoba uqukethe i-keratin, eyenza umbala we-crayfish ubhebhetheke kakhudlwana.
Ukudla kwesilwane okuhamba phambili kwe-crayfish:
- izibungu zomiyane (amagagazi),
- inhlanzi,
- squid,
- imfanzi
- inhlanzi,
- inyama ebolile.
Njengoba sesishilo, ama-crayfish anendlela enyanyekayo yokufihla ukudla, endaweni yokugcina - ahudulele yonke into endlini yawo omncane. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele awunikeze okuningi njengoba bekwazi ukukudla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukudla okufihliwe kuzokonakala bese kubola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi amanzi ase-aquarium azonakaliswa.
Kunenkinga eyodwa futhi, kungabonakala kuyindida. I-aquarium ehlanzekile kakhulu ingalimaza nomdlavuza. IDetritus, okuyi-organic decomposition product, iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu i-aquarium crayfish. Inezinto eziphilayo eziqinisa i-microclimate ku-aquarium futhi kungukudla okwengeziwe.
Ukukhula okusha, ukukhula okuhle nokuqinisa ukungatheleleki, kufanele kunikezwe i-artemia nauplia kanye ne-acode nematode. Uma unika ama-cyclops kanye ne-daphnia encane, khona-ke qiniseka ukuthi uyawathululela ngamanzi abilayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-crustaceans nje ngeke akwazi ukubamba. Kepha, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi ukudla okunjalo kungangcolisa amanzi.
Uma amakhrayoni ayondliwe kahle, akhula ngokushesha ngokwanele, kanti ukuncibilika kwenzeka kaningi.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi uzale e-aquarium
Ukuzalwa kwezinhlanzi ezinamaphayiphu e-aquarium kungenzeka, futhi izisebenzi eziningi zasemanzini ziye zathola imiphumela emangalisayo kulokhu, zizama ukuhlola futhi zizalela izinhlobo ezintsha. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, esenzeka kubantu besifazane ngemuva kokuncibilika, bakhipha kakhulu ama-pheromones athile emanzini, lapho abesilisa bekhetheke kakhulu, okubenza bajabule. Baqala ukuhamba ngaphezulu, beyofuna owesimame abakulungele ukuzalanisa, sebetholile ukuthi amahora amaningi bathintana ngesigqi ngama-antenna.
Izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili ngemuva kokuzala, insikazi iqala ukubeka amaqanda, anamathele emilenzeni yakhe ngentambo enamathele. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukufakelwa futhi ugcine ngokwehlukana. Owesifazane ophethe i-caviar uzama ukuphephela endaweni ethile futhi, uma kunesidingo, uqapha indlu yakhe encane. Ama-crustaceans amancane azalwa alengiswe kowesifazane aze ancibilike, noma kunjalo, ngokuzayo, ekuqaleni, ukuze bahlale besondele, uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi babuyela ngaphansi kwawo.
Kungenzeka yini ukugcina i-crayfish nezinhlanzi
Ukuhlangana kwezinhlanzana nezinhlanzi kuhlotshaniswa nobunzima obuthile. Imvamisa, umdlavuza nezinhlanzi zihlala ngokuphephile ku-aquarium efanayo, kepha kuvame ukuba nezimo lapho ezinye "zingahambi kahle". Imvamisa, amakhrayoni ebusuku abamba futhi adle izinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezibizayo. Noma, uma inhlanzi inkulu impela, ingabulala umdlavuza ngesikhathi sokuncibilika.
Ukufingqa, kungashiwo ukuthi ukubumbana kwezinhlanza ezinhlanzi kanye nezinhlanzi ngelinye ilanga kuzophela ngehluleka. Ikakhulu uma une-crayfish enezinhlanzi ezihamba kancane noma lezo ezihlala phansi ezansi. Kodwa-ke, ngisho ne-gupeshka encane, umdlavuza ungabamba ukulimala nozipho phakathi, amacala anjalo ajwayelekile.
Akunakwenzeka futhi ukuba kube khona kokubumbana kwezinhlanzi ezinamanzi omndeni we-cichlid, ikakhulukazi nabantu abakhulu. Isibonelo, ezinye zalezi zinhlanzi zingaklebhula ngisho nomdlavuza omkhulu, kanti lapho imikhanzana i-molt, ezinye izinhlobo ezincane nazo ziyingozi kuzo. Ukufingqa, singasho ukuthi umdlavuza nezinhlanzi ziyindawo enezinkinga kakhulu.
Nge-shrimp crayfish efanayo ayikwazi ukugcinwa ndawonye, bayidla nje.
Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza zidala umonakalo omkhulu ngokumba kanye nokunyathela izitshalo. Ngokuvamile, ukuzama ukutshala izitshalo ku-crayfish aquarium kungukuchitha isikhathi. Njengoba bezidla nje.
Kepha kukhona umehluko omnandi, uma ufuna ngempela ukuba ne-crayfish kanye nezitshalo ku-aquarium yakho, bese uthola umdlavuza wase-Mexico waseMarian, onokuthula, omncane futhi ongaziphangi izitshalo.
Kungenzeka yini ukugcina i-crayfish e-aquarium?
Ungagcina i-crayfish ngokuphepha ku-aquarium, kuphela udinga ukwazi ukuthi ngokuvamile azihlali isikhathi eside futhi akufanele kube nezinhlanzi noma izitshalo ku-aquarium. I-crayfish ejwayelekile inkulu kakhulu futhi iyaguga; ibamba futhi idle izinhlanzi kahle. Uma izitshalo zitshalwe ku-aquarium, khona-ke ngokuqinisekile uzindiza. Amakhrayoni awahlali ezimweni zasemanzini isikhathi eside, ngoba angawezinhlobo zamanzi abandayo. Ekulandeni kwethu, amanzi afudumele kwenzeka ehlobo kuphela, futhi nangaleso sikhathi, phansi kupholile impela. E-aquarium, amanzi afudumele kancane kunokuba kufanele abe njalo. Ngamazwi, i-crayfish yethu ingagcinwa e-aquarium, kepha kuphela ngokwahlukana kwezinhlanzi futhi ngaphandle kwezitshalo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye cabanga ukuthi ungaqiniseka kanjani ukuthi ekushiseni kwehlobo izinga lokushisa lamanzi alikhuphuki kakhulu.
Ngabe umdlavuza ungakhula usayizi ongakanani?
Ubukhulu obukhulu benkanuko yabantu abadala buxhomeke kakhulu ezinhlotsheni. Isibonelo, imfishi enkulu yaseTasmania imvamisa ikhula ibe yingxenye yemitha ubude, futhi isisindo sayo singafinyelela amakhilogremu amahlanu. Ezinye izinhlobo zincanyana kakhulu futhi zivame ukukhula zibe ngamasentimitha ayishumi nambili nantathu ubude.
Ukukhula kwezinhlanzini ezinamanzi emanzini kuncike kakhulu ezimweni eziningi, okuyinhloko okuyizici ze-aquarium uqobo kanye nenani labantu abakulo.
Landela lezi zincomo futhi indlu yakho izohlotshiswa nge-aquarium ye-chic lapho kuzobanjiswa khona izinhlanzi ezishibhile.