I-Yurok (bomcondvofana: Finch, jure, sarka, indwangu yesaka, i-grunt (sikhutshiwe), Fringilla montifringilla) inyoni ye-oda Passeriformes, umndeni we-Finch, luhlobo lwe-Finch.
Isambatho sowesilisa esisentwasahlobo sinekhanda elimnyama, emuva, amaphiko nomsila, umphimbo, i-nadhvyl, imivimbo ephikweni nesisu simhlophe, isifuba kanye nomucu obanzi emahlombe kukhona owolintshi. Ezinyoni zaseFar East, imivimbo ephikweni imvama iba nsundu kunokuba ibe mhlophe. Izinyoni zezinsikazi nezinsana zidwetshwe ngokukhanyayo.
Izwi lakhe liwundlu ethukile ethule, ephetha ngo- "zhzhzh" obukhali, endizeni - i- "chi-chi" ebukhali noma "ngokucindezela".
Ihlala emahlathini. Ama-prefers birch ne-spruce. Idla izinambuzane futhi ihlwanyele imbewu. Izilokotho emahlathini ahlukene - zinde futhi zimfushane, ziyisithulu futhi zacaciswa.
Izinhlobo zohlobo oluphakamileyo ngenhla komhlaba. Ngokuvamile kutholakala 2-5 m ngaphezu komhlaba. Le nyoni yenza isidleke esinodonga obukhulu futhi obukhulu njengoba iqukethe iziqu ezinotshani neminyene, ngaphandle iyimboza ngama-lichens nezingcezu zegxolo le-birch.
Ku-clutch 5-7, amaqanda amaningi ayi-6, afana nama-Finch amaqanda, kodwa ukuba nethoni eyinhloko eluhlaza okotshani enamachashaza amancane nelincane.
Amahlaya yurki zondliwa izinambuzane ezincane (amacimbi, izimbungulu), ezidliwa izinyoni ezindala ngaleso sikhathi. Ngama-broods kuphela yurki shintsha ukuze utshale, ukondle imbewu, uyiqoqe, njengamakha, emhlabathini. Inqwaba yembewu ukhula namakhambi asendle, ikakhulukazi okusanhlamvu. Badla nama-blueberries. Kuthuthelwa eningizimu, imihlambi idla emasimini avumayo nezingadi zemifino ngembewu yokhula - amabele, amabhlogo, ipikulnik. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka kobusika, izinhlobonhlobo zembewu ziyehlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo.
I-Yurki zisatshalaliswa kanye nomngcele osenyakatho wezitshalo zamahlathi - kusuka eMurmansk kuya eKamchatka, kepha amanye amabili awo atholakala ehlobo naseningizimu, ngokwesibonelo, esifundeni saseKalinin naseTatarar, naseSiberia kuya e-Altai naseTransbaikalia. Ebusika, imihlambi yamakhanda indiza iye eningizimu yeYurophu, e-Asia Minor, eCaucasus, eKazakhstan naseChina.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala yenyoni yaseYurok
Ukuchazwa kwenyoni yaseYurok kufanelekile ngokuqala ngokuthi amagama asemthethweni ale nyoni amabili, elesibili nelidume kakhulu yi-Finch. Futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi zalezi zinyoni ezincane zokucula - izinhlobo ezingama-21, zihlukaniswa ikakhulukazi ngombala wethani lawo.
Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zama-yurks afaka:
Ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi okunye kufana nondlunkulu. Isisu "simanzi" futhi sinokukhanya, ingemuva namaphiko ansundu, izimpaphe zomsila nomsila zimnyama.
Izinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu futhi ezinhle. Isisu ulamula noma uphuzi okhanyayo. Izimpiko nangemuva zimbozwe amabala nemivimbo ehlanganiswe umhlobiso oyinkimbinkimbi, umuntu ngamunye e-yurka ngayinye, ngakho-ke izithombe zezinyoni zihlala zihlukile.
Esithombeni kukhona indondo ebomvu
Inyoni enombala onsundu ngisho nekhanda elibomvu eliqhakazile, kwesinye isikhathi, “isigqoko” sinsawolintshi bese kufakwa amabala ukufanisa amaphiko.
Igama ngoba imvelo yokuhlala kwakhe. Ziyahluka kwezinye ezinye zezimpaphe ezinombala we-chocolate ezinamabala amnyama nokuba khona komlomo onamandla othuthukile.
Esithombeni uGalapagos Yurok
Imvamisa, izithombe zenyoni eyi-yurk zibonisa le zinhlobo ezithile. Lezi zinyoni azizinhle kuphela, kodwa futhi zinamahloni amancane kuzo zonke izihlobo zazo. Umbala wesisu wanoma yiliphi ithoni uphuzi, kepha ngopende we-acid, ezinye izimpaphe ziba nsundu.
Kulesi sithombe, i-phuzi elibomvu liphuzi
Ihluka ngezihlobo zayo ngombala wezimpaphe. Kwabesifazane, iplamu limpunga noma nsundu, emadodeni - aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ama-yurks adla emahlathini, anama-glade avulekile nenani elincane lezihlahla, kanye nasezindaweni ezihlala emapaki, ezihlathini zamahlathi, nasemifuleni yomfula.
Esithombeni yurok yodok
Izinyoni ziyafuduka, zindizela ezinqoleni zaseMedithera lapho kuzobusika khona ubusika, ikakhulukazi izinyoni eziningi ebusika e-Italy, naseWestern Hemisphere - eCalifornia nasenyakatho neMexico. Ubude be-yurka bukhula bufika ku-15 cm, isisindo sale nyoni ngokwesilinganiso sisuka kumagremu ayi-14 kuye kwangama-35, kanti amaphiko ukusuka ku-24 kuye kuma-26 cm.
Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila yenyoni yaseYurok
Izinyoni ze-yurka zihlala emihlambini, nazo zidla imfumba, zihlangana, eceleni. Izilokotho ezisontekile kakhulu, ngaphandle kwemifantu, ezijulile futhi zimboza ngokucophelela phansi, utshani nakho konke okulungele ukudala induduzo nokufudumala.
Amaqanda esidlekeni ahlala avela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, abesifazane bawabamba kusukela ezinsukwini eziyi-12 kuye kwezingu-15. Sonke lesi sikhathi owesilisa uyamnakekela ngokuthinta, angakhohlwa ukucula izingoma kusihlwa nangaphambi kokusa. Imikhaza ekundizeni kwabo kokuqala ihamba kakade ngosuku lwe-14-16 lwempilo, futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, ngaphambili.
Ama-Yurki anenhlalo enkulu, uma kungazelelwe insikazi ngesizathu esithile ihlala yodwa emaqanda ayo, ngaphandle kowesilisa, khona-ke wonke umhlambi uyamnakekela. Isibalo sokuzalela endaweni eyodwa sincike ekutheni hlobo luni lwezixhobo zokudla zale ndawo.
Lapho ukudla kunqabile, ingxenye yomhlambi ingahle ihlukane iye kwenye indawo, kepha izinyoni kufanele ziphinde zihlangane ngokundiza ebusika. Ama-yks athembeke kakhulu kubantu kunezinhlobo eziningi zezingoma.
Kaningi ubona ikholoni elalime lapho lihlangana ekudleni komoya wezakhiwo zokuhlala ezinamakamelo amaningi ahlala emuva eminyakeni engama-70-80 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ezindlini ezinjalo kune- "cellar" ngaphansi kwewindows ekhishini sill nge umgodi we-ventilation, lapho abaqashi abangene, kusobala, bavalelwe ngokushesha kusuka ngaphakathi. Futhi ngaphandle kwakuyizindlu "ezilungile" ezilungiselelwe kuphela ama-yurks.
Ukudla kwezinyoni kwe-Yurok
Lezi zinyoni zingama-omnivores. Baqabula ngenzalo enkulu yesifiso, amajikijolo, ama-beech "nati", izithelo eziwile nakho konke abhekana nakho. Ngomdlandla ofanayo, amacimbi e-yurki peck, abamba izinambuzane ezindizayo, futhi izibungu ziyathola.
Kuliqiniso, azikhuhli i-bark, njengama-woodpeckers, kepha "ziqoqe" okungaphezulu. U-Yurki uyakulanda ngentshiseko ukudla emhlabathini, ajabulele ukugoqa izigaxa futhi ugeze othulini, ulokhu ulila ngasikhathi sinye.
Esithombeni kunendoda eneqhwa
Kuqashelwe ukuthi izinyoni ezima ezindaweni ezidlekayo emadolobheni, emapaki noma kwezinye izindawo ezifanelekile ziyazithanda kakhulu izingqimba ze-apula “ezisontayo,” izinsalela zabaphangi kanye nezinja ezishisayo, zize ziphuze nezibaya ezivela ngaphansi kuka-ayisikhilimu owayo.
Ukuthi ukudla okulolu hlobo kubaluleke kangakanani, empeleni, kuwumbuzo omkhulu kakhulu, kepha umhlambi wezinyoni ezincanyana ngeke uphuthelwe ngisho nezinsalela zenkukhu eyosiwe eyaphonswa ngaphambi komchamo.
Ukuphela kwento ama-yurks angayithatheli inhlanzi, yomisiwe kanye nokunye. Uma eceleni kwekoloni lalezi zinyoni kukhona abondli abadingiswa ngabantu, khona-ke ama-yurks ayoba izivakashi zawo ezivamile.
Ukuzala nokuphila isikhathi eside
I-Yurki - izinyoni zilingana ngokuphelele, kuye ngokweqile. Mlingani oyedwa kuphela ngempilo. Uma kwenzeka okuthile komunye wabashadikazi, i-yurok esele ayiphindi ingene ebudlelwaneni "bomndeni".
Ngenkathi insikazi ibamba amaqanda ayo, ngokwesilinganiso, cishe amasonto ambalwa, owesilisa akagcini ngokudla futhi amjabulise ngezingoma, kodwa futhi ubamba amahlumela, amabala otshani, izindwangu nakho konke okungasetshenziswa epulazini lokuzalela.
Amakati ahlanganiswa ndawonye, kepha isidleke asishiywa singanakekelwa, abantu abadala basishiya ngokuqinile ngokushintshana ngokulandelana. Akuncike ekutheni iphephe kangakanani i-birdhouse. Noma isidleke sisendaweni evulekile yokungena komoya, okungukuthi, sivalwe ngazo zonke izinhlangothi - izinyoni zisalokhu zindizela zodwa, ngaphandle kokushiya amathiphu umzuzu.
Kepha yinsikazi kuphela efundisa izingane ukundiza zizondle zodwa, owesilisa akangeneli kule nqubo nhlobo. Ngokuqondene nesikhathi sokuphila, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithandekayo emvelweni, ama-yurks omndeni aphila iminyaka eyi-15 kuya kwengama-20. Ngokusho kokubona kwe-ornithologists, izinyoni ezishiywe ngaphandle kwezithandani ziphila okuncane, kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12-14.
Isithombeni esishisayo se-canary
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinyoni zaseYurok zizwakala efulethini lakho. Izinyoni zihlala kahle ekuthunjweni, zizizwa zimnandi, okuqukethwe kwazo akuhlukile kokuqukethwe kwe-canary. Ezimweni "zekheji" efulethini, isikhathi sokuphila sihluke kakhulu, kunezibonelo zezinyoni ezihamba ngokuzethemba ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-18, futhi kukhona nalabo abangaphili iminyaka eyi-10.
Reel
Reel noma Yurok (Fringilla montifringilla). - Isigcawu, Spelrow umndeni. IHabitat - i-Eurasia. Ubude 16 cm Isisindo 25 g
I-Finch isihlobo esiseduze somphetho, esifana naso ngendlela yokuphila. Imvamisa lezi zinyoni zenza imihlambi ejwayelekile ngemiphetho, kepha amapayipi ahlukaniswa kalula izihlobo zawo ngombala wethamo lawo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ingubo entwasahlobo ka-Finch iyacaca ukuthi ayiveli ukwedlula ekwindla.
Ehlobo, abesilisa baba nekhanda elimnyama, intamo ngaphambili komhlane, no-brown grey ebusika. Isifuba siwolintshi. Isihloko somsila simhlophe. Imicu ye-ocher kanye nendawo emhlophe e-orange kuyabonakala ephikweni. Imisinga emnyama ihlobisa izinhlangothi. Abesifazane banemibala ethobekile. Ikhanda labo linsundu, linemivimbo emnyama emqheleni. Ngemuva kwezinsikazi kunsundu, futhi isifuba asikhanyi njengololintshi okhanyayo njengowesilisa. Uqhwaku lwamaduna aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nolwezinsikazi ezinombala ophuzi.
AmaReels ahlala emahlathini e-taiga ukusuka eNyakatho Yurophu ukuya eMpumalanga Ekude. Isisekelo sokudla yimbewu yezitshalo, okusanhlamvu okhula endle, nokho, ngaphezu kwabanye abameleli bomndeni we-yurka bathambekele ekudleni kwezilwane: izinambuzane nezibungu zabo. Izinyoni zivame ukuhlala esidlekeni nasemifinini; izidleke ziphakeme impela. E-clutch kukhona amaqanda asukela ku-5 kuya ku-7, afana kakhulu namaqanda aqothulayo. Owesifazane uzifaka ezingubeni, kuthi owesilisa agxunyekwe egatsheni eliseduze, amjabulise ngokucula. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iculo le-Finch lide kakhulu ne-melodic, liqukethe i-"buzzing" emfushane, futhi liphansi ngobuhle kakhulu engomeni yezinye izingoma ezimnandi. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinyoni azigcinwa ekhaya.
E-Russia, izinhlobo zezinhlobo zisukela eNhlonhlo yeKola empumalanga ziye oLwandle lwase-Okhotsk. Reels ubusika eningizimu yeYurophu, e-Asia Minor, empumalanga yeChina, eKorea naseJapan.
I-Canary reel
I-Canary reel (iSerinus canaria). Habitats - Asia, Africa, Western Europe. Ubude 15 cm Isisindo 15 g
Iminwe incane, izinyoni ezikhazimulayo ezinemibala egqamile, zisatshalaliswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezisemhlabeni zomhlaba. Ngokuthabisisayo, i-canary finch, nayo ehlala eziQhingini zaseCanary, umsunguli wabahlabeleli owaziwayo futhi othandekayo ongenakuqhathaniswa - amakanoni. Yize iculo laleli canary lasendle limnandi, aligcwali futhi alithokozi njengezingoma zezinyoni.
Ama-Reels ahlala emaphaketheni, imvamisa ungahlangana nabantu abangamakhulu amaningana. Njengomthetho, hlela indlela yokuphila ehleliwe, ngoba ukhethe izindawo ezihamba ngezinyawo. Ngokupholisa, athuthela phansi evela phansi. Zidla ngembewu yezitshalo, okusanhlamvu wezilimo ezinamabele. Lapho kunama-reels amaningi, angalimaza isivuno.
E-clutch amaqanda amathathu kuya kwayi-7, amaphuphu azalwa emavikini amabili. Izidleke zondliwa izinambuzane ezincane, kanti ezinye izinhlobo phakathi nonyaka “zikhulisa” amazinyane amabili ephikweni.
> Yurok bird. Incazelo, izici, izinhlobo, indlela yokuphila ne-yurka
Incazelo Nezici
Iningi lezakhamizi zesimanjemanje alikwazi ukubona nokuhlukanisa iningi lezinyoni ezincane zezilwane zaseRussia - kuphela ondlunkulu kanye nama-tits owaziwa yibo bonke.
Okwamanje, izinyoni ezincane, ezifanelwe iziqu njengezifanelwe “ngosayizi undlunkulu” noma “ezincane kunondlunkulu,” ziningi emahlathini nasemasimini. Enye yezinyoni ezijwayelekile kangako, kodwa engabonakali kahle yi-auroch (noma i-reel).
Empeleni, igama elithi Finch lisayensi ngaphezulu: i-Finch ingeyohlobo lomndeni, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo eziningi. Inhlobo ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Finch, kanye nencazelo eyengeziwe, isibonelo, “alpine Finch”, “Himalayan Finch” njalonjalo.
I-Yurk ibizwa ngokuthi yinyoni ejwayelekile futhi ejwayelekile emndenini eYurophu naseRussia. Njengoba sizoyidingida ikakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sizolisebenzisa leli gama.
Igama lesiLatini le-yurka yiFritilla montifringilla, engahunyushwa ngokuthi "intaba Finch". Lokhu kuyiqiniso impela: iYurok iyisihlobo esisondelene kakhulu ne-Finch, futhi abameleli abaningi bomndeni we-Finch bathanda ukuhlala ezintabeni.
Naphezu kokuqashelwa okuphansi, i-Yurok iyinyoni enokubukeka okuhle kodwa. Ngemuva, i-nuhvoste naphezulu kwekhanda lalezi zinyoni kumnyama, kucishe kumnyama, isisu nemivimbo emsileni kumhlophe, kanti isifuba namahlombe kudwetshwe ku-ocher noma e-orange.
Imivimbo emnyama ne-orange-red enamamaki amhlophe ihlukile esikhundleni samaphiko. Abesilisa abavuthiwe abaneminyaka emi-3 yobudala banombala ocacile, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi efudumele: banamathoni e-orange, amnyama namhlophe amnyama futhi anezindawo eziphikisayo. Abesilisa nabesifazane abasha babukeka befiphele, amabala emibala avezwa buthaka futhi ageleza ngokushelela komunye nomunye.
Ebusika, abesilisa abadala baba buthuntu. Ubukhulu be-yurka abufani kandlunkulu: ubude benyoni bungamasentimitha ayi-14-16, isisindo singama-g. Ukuqanjwa kwe-yurka kunobukhulu obukhulu, umzimba uyindilinga, kepha umsila mude kunondlunkulu.
Ngaphandle, i-Finch ifana kakhulu ne-yurka. Kulula kakhulu ukudida lezi zinyoni ngenxa yokuthi zivame ukwakha imihlambi exubile lapho khona zombili lezi zinhlobo zikhona. Kulula ukwahlukanisa abesilisa abadala kwabokunciphile kusuka ku-Finch, ngoba akukho umbala okhanyayo we-orange ku-plumage yokugcina. Abesilisa nabesilisa abancane be-yurka bahlukaniswa yikhanda elimnyama (ngaphandle kwezihlathi ezibomvu nesigqoko esine-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ejwayelekile kuma-Finches).
Ukucula kwe-yurk akuvumelani kakhulu. Akakhiphi izingoma ezinde, izwi lakhe liyathukuthela futhi libukhali. Ukudlulisa lokhu ngezinhlamvu, njengoba kuvame ukwenziwa, kungumsebenzi ongabongi. Imvamisa inkimbinkimbi ikhipha ukugqama okujwayelekile kwezinyoni ezincane noma ukukhonkotha (okufana ncamishi notshani, kodwa ngokuzumayo).
Empeleni, i-auroch noma i-reel - lokhu kuyizinhlobo ezihlukile nezingashadi ezihlala zingashintshiwe kuyo yonke indawo yokuhlala. Kepha kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinwele ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni, yize kungezizo zonke ezihlobene kakhulu ne-yurk yangempela. E-Russia, ngaphezu kwe-yurk yangempela, kukhona:
- Ama-reel yaseSiberia noma aseSiberia, njengoba igama lisho, ahlala eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Akubukeki kukhanye njengenyoni yeYurok: kumnyama kakhulu, akukho umbala we-orange esifubeni. Inyoni ngokwayo inkulu kakhulu.
- I-Alpine, noma i-reel iqhwa - eRussia ingabonakala kuphela eCaucasus nase-Altai. Umbala ubomvana-mpunga, ngaphandle kwamabala owolintshi.
- I-Himalayan finch - ifana ne-Alpine, kepha iRussia ingajwayelekile kakhulu: uhla lwayo luthinta izwe lethu kuphela onqenqemeni, e-Altai Territory.
- I-Royal, noma i-korolkovoy, i-Finch mhlawumbe enhle kakhulu yemincanyana yezilwane ezifuywayo. Mncane kunabo bonke (buphawuleka kancanyana kunondlunkulu), kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungakubheki: emqubeni omnyama, ocishe ube mnyama, kuphakama isigqoko esibomvu ekhanda lakhe, inyoni eyetha igama laso. E-Russia, le Finch itholakala kuphela eNyakatho neCaucasus, eStavropol Territory naseningizimu yeKrasnodar Territory.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, egameni elisemthethweni igama elithi "Finch" elikhona, zihlala eningizimu yeRussia. Zitholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo e-Asia, e-Afrika naseMelika, kanye naseziqhingini eziningi zolwandle. Mhlawumbe abadume kakhulu kunabo bonke yiziqobelo zaseGalapagos, eziqhingi ezisentshonalanga naseNingizimu Melika.
Ososayensi bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziyi-13 zamalaki aseGalapagos. Bavela kukhokho ojwayelekile, kepha, bezithola bebodwa esiqhingini, bathola imisindo ehlukahlukene yemvelo futhi bathola ubungcweti obufanele: manje lezi zintaka ziyehluka ngosayizi nobume bezindebe, kuya ngohlobo lokudla nezici zokukhishwa kokudla okuthile.
Ukuqashelwa kwethala le-Galapagos kungenye yezimpembelelo ezaholela ekutheni uCharles Darwin adale umqondo wakhe odumile wokukhethwa kwemvelo kwasekuqaleni kwezinhlobo zezilwane.
Amanothi
- 1 2 Boehme R. L., Flint V. E. The Bilingual Dictionary of Animal Names. Izinyoni.IsiLatin, isiRussia, isiNgisi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi / Ed. ed. I-Acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M.R. lang., "RUSSO", 1994. - S. 435. - 2030 amakhophi. - I-ISBN 5-200-00643-0.
- Kholodkovsky N.A., Silantyev A.A. Izinyoni zaseYurophu. I-ornithology engokoqobo ne-atlas yezinyoni zaseYurophu. Ingxenye II - ISt. Petersburg: Ihlelwe ngu-A. F. Devrien, 1901. - S. 312. - 608 k.
- U-Arlott N., uBrave V. Izinyoni zaseRussia: A Handbook-Guide. - ISt. Petersburg: Amphora, 2009 .-- S. 388. - 446 k. - I-ISBN 978-5-367-01026-8.
Ukuchazwa kwenyoni
I-reel inomzimba omncane, ubukhulu bayo abudluli ku-14 cm ubude. Isisindo ngamakhilogremu ayi-17-20. I-plumage ebhulaki ingumbala wewolintshi, kepha umbala wangemuva kanye nowentamo - ebusika lezi zingxenye zidwetshwe ngombala onsundu, bese ehlobo ziba mnyama. Uqhwaku lunomumo obanzi, yize ubukhulu bawo bukhulu. Ipendiwe emnyama. Ama-paws asempunga futhi alunge kakhulu, anezinhlaka ezibukhali. Abesilisa bahlala benombala ogqamile kunowesifazane.
Iminwe ingeka-Passeriformes we-oda, emndenini we-Finch, kuhlobo lwezinhlwathi, uhlobo lwentaka.
Izinyoni zihlabelela kamnandi, kodwa iculo lazo liyathula futhi lizolile lapho lihleli, kodwa lapho lindiza linganikeza imisindo ebukhali.
Ukuziphatha nokudla
Ama-Reels ayizinyoni ezihehayo ezihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Lokhu kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi uma sidweba ukufana phakathi kwezincazelo zabo. Kukhona izinyoni ezijwayela noma yiziphi izimo zezulu, futhi kukhona abathandi bokushisa - ama-nomads to the South.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-Finches angadonsa ngababili, futhi anikeze impilo ngephakethe.
Indawo yokuhlala yakhethwa ngokucophelela - izihlahlana ekahle. Izinyoni zithanda ukufihla amantshontsho zazo kuwo wonke amahlo.
Izinambuzane zibusa ekudleni kwama-reels. Izinyoni zithanda ukuzingela kwangempela - zibamba izilwane ezincane ngesikhathi sendiza. Ngendlela, ama-reels angama-acrobats angenza ngezikhathi ezithile futhi i-Flit is kabi.
Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala
AbakwaFinch bahlala eScandinavia, eRussia, eYurophu: ENorway, Oslo, eSweden, eFinland, e-Estonia, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zikhetha ama-Azores, South Africa.
Bakha izidleke zabo eduze kwamahlathi, amapaki, izingadi zemifino. Ama-reels awesabi abantu, ngakho-ke angathola isidleke ngokuphepha eduze kwezindlu zabantu uma zitholakala eduze nemifula noma amahlathi ahlanganisiwe.
Ukufuduka noma ubusika
I-reel isho izinyoni ezifudukayo. Imvamisa ishiya isidleke ngokuqala kwekwindla futhi ibuye ngo-Ephreli - Meyi, ezifundeni ezihlukile, le nqubo ihlukile. Ngobusika bufikela eningizimu yeYurophu, e-Asia - eTurkey, e-Iran, eTurkmenistan, eJapan, eChina.
Emvelweni, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuqedwa. Imvamisa, kubo bonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, i-dimorphism ebekiwe engokwendalo, ebonwa ngokukhazimula kwenqwaba yamadoda.
Inyoni ehlala kusuka eHimalaya kuya eningizimu yeSahara. Ubude bomzimba ongu-10-12 cm, isisindo esingu-135 amagremu. Inomlomo omfishane, omfishane, ompunga omnyama. Ngendlela, i-canary Finch iyinyoni encane kunazo zonke ukusuka emndenini we-Finch, ojwayelekile eYurophu.
Le nyoni inombala ogqamile futhi othokozisayo, umbala uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaphiko anombala onsundu, anamachashazana amancane abekwe emuva nasezinhlangothini zabesilisa, kuthi kwabesifazane lokhu kufakwa imibala kubhulukhwe.
Le nyoni inika imichilo emibili phakathi nonyaka, ngayinye inamaqanda amathathu kuya kwaba mahlanu, okuyinto eyodwa yowesifazane ebanjiweyo.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kukhona okumbalwa kwefolishi ye-canary, eyehluka ngemibala ehlukene kakhulu.
Izitolo zaseMozambiki
Okushiwo ukuphela kwekhansele yemali yaseshashini laseMozambiki. Ihlala eSouth Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mozambique. Inombala ogcwele ngokwedlulele lapho imibala eluhlaza okotshani, ephuzi igcwele khona. Abantu abaningi bendawo bagcina lokhu okubhaliselwe ekhaya.
IMozambiki ikhipha izidleke zasolwandle e-savannah, emahlathini, emapaki. Idla ngembewu emincane, izibungu, izithelo, uginindela.
Ukuhamba kwesithwathwa
Ungumhluzi we-alpine noma iqhwa. Ihlala ezintabeni zase-Alps, eBalkan, eCaucasus, ezintabeni zaseCarpathian, ezingxenyeni eziphakathi nezisenkabeni ne-Asia. Lokhu okubhalwe phansi kuholela ekuhlaleni isikhathi eside sokuhlala.
Isidleke sakhiwa siphezulu ezintabeni, noma emadwaleni, ngenkathi sigcina umgomo wokuxazulula imihlambi, hhayi ngababili. Ugibela ngokungazelelwe futhi ngokushesha emhlabathini.
Emibalabala yepayipi lalezi zinyoni, zingwevu ezimhlophe nezikhanyayo engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba futhi nsundu endaweni yamaphiko. Kukhona indawo emnyama ekhonjiwe entanyeni. I-dimorphism yezocansi emibhangqweni ivezwa buthaka kakhulu futhi ingabonakala kuphela ekuziphatheni kokuganana.
Uqhwaku lincane kancanyana kunelezi ezisetshenziselwa ukwesula e-canary; unombala ophuzi ngezansi. Le nyoni ihlabelela kakhulu nangomculo.
Ukudla kufaka imbewu yotshani be-alpine, okusanhlamvu kanye nezinambuzane, izimbungulu, izicabucabu.
Reel-hand noma ebukhosini
Le nyoni ihlala ezindaweni eziphakeme zeCaucasus, Turkey, Pakistan, Iran. Eduze nobusika, kuthuthela eNdiya, ogwini lwe-Aegean.
Ngenxa yamapayipi angajwayelekile, inyoni ihlala igcinwe ekudingisweni, ngaphezu kwalokho, icula kahle. Imibala ilawulwa yimibala emnyama nengwevu, ekhanda kukhona ibala elibomvu elifana ne-Iroquois. Ngaphansi kaningi, amachashazi abomvu noma e-orange akhona emaphikweni nasebrisket
Le nyoni idla izilwane ezincane, kanye namabele, imbewu.
I-Yellow-belled reel
Kuhlala iNingizimu Afrika, Angola. Indawo eyintandokazi yokwakha isidleke, inyoni yakhetha izihlahla ezindala, iziqu.
I-plumage yale subspecies ibonakala ngokuba khona kombala ophuzi noluhlaza okotshani. Emaphepheni kungaba khona amabala ansundu namhlophe, imivimbo, kepha isisu sihlala siphuzi ngokuphelele. Iris imnyama. Uqhwaku luphakathi ngobukhulu, kepha lunamandla ububanzi. Ipendiwe ngombala onsundu okhanyayo. I-dimorphism yezocansi phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa ivezwa ngokuqinile futhi inombala ozolile lowesifazane - umbala ompunga uyabonakala kuwo, ngaphandle kwamabala akhanyayo. Ubude bomzimba 13-16 cm, isisindo kufika ku-17 amagremu.
I-Galapagos reel
Ibizwa nangokuthi yiDarwin, ihlala eqenjini leziqhingi zoLwandlekazi iPacific - eziQhingini ZaseGalapagos. Le nyoni ingubhubhane futhi ikhokhisa cishe izikhawu eziyisikhombisa. Bathola igama labo lesibili ngenxa yemvelaphi yabo yasendulo - ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyizigidi ezi-2,5,3 edlule. UCharles Darwin uqobo wafunda izindondo ngokubhekela kokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezinto eziphilayo.
Imvamisa lawa ma-Finches awafinyeleli ku-20 cm ubude bomzimba, kepha ahlukile kakhulu komunye ngesimo somlomo nophahla. Ake sihlolisise ezinye zazo.
Reel enkulu ye-cactus
Isiphelo seziqhingi zaseGalapagos. Isici esiphawuleka sale nyoni umlomo waso omkhulu. Imvamisa, imichilo yecactus yabesilisa igqokwa ngamapulangwe amnyama, kanti izintokazi zinezindwangu ezinsundu nezimhlophe. Uqhwaku lwabo alukho mnyama njengolwabesilisa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le subspecies ihlala ku-cacti futhi ayesabi nakancane ukushaywa. Izinyoni zidla ngembewu nangezimbali ze-cactus, amakhilikithi.
Reel ekhokhiswe kabukhali
Le inyoni emnyama, emnyama ehlala enyameni yezinye izilwane. Izinyoni nazo ziyingozi futhi zihlala eziqhingini zaseDarwin naseWolf.
Ama-reel anamehlo abukhali anegazi - ekuzingeleni inyamazane yawo, aqhamuka necebo lonke, kuthi lapho inyamazane isemandleni awo - aqale ukuyikhahlaza kuze kube yilapho igazi liqala ukuphuma kuye ohlukunyezwa. Iqiniso liwukuthi lokhu okubhaliwe kwe-Finch, ngakho-ke, kuqeda ukoma, ngoba isomiso siyabusa eziqithini. Ungakunaki ukweba - antshontsha amaqanda ezidlekeni zezinye izinyoni bese ziwagibelisa emhlabathini zize ziphuke.
Izinsimbi zobumba ezincane
Le nyoni incanyana kunayo yonke imikhakha ehlala kulezi ziqhingi - ingama-10-11 cm kuphela ubude bomzimba. Zibuye zingapheli.
Zihlala emahlathini awomile, izihlahlana, kwesinye isikhathi izidleke eduze kwezintaba, lapho zihlala khona isikhathi sokuzala. Idla amajikijolo, amaqabunga, izimbali.
Izinyoni zibhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi emizimbeni yezinye izilwane.
IMangrove Wood Reel
Lokhu subspecies okungaziwa kakhulu, isizinda. Izinyoni zihlala esiqhingini sase-Isabella futhi zingaphansi kokuvikelwa. Inani lalezi zinhlobo zingabantu abangama-60-140.
IMangrove finch ipendiwe ngombala onsomi, onsundu, isisu sinephunga lomnqumo. Uqhwaku lumnyama, lukhulu, futhi amehlo ayindilinga. Izimpiko nomsila walesi sizwana esiyindilinga.
Le nyoni ithola ukudla kujabulise kakhulu - ngosizo lwamagatsha uqhwaku lwayo izikhahlela emhlabathini ifuna izicabucabu noma izimbungulu ezincane.
I-Woodpecker reel
Inyoni ethakazelisa kakhulu futhi ehlekisayo ekhipha ukudla ngosizo lwespike eqhamuka ekhephini, elisebenzisa ngekhono kubuhlalu bayo.
Ubude bomzimba wenyoni bungama-15 cm, isisindo - ukuya kuma-20 amagremu.
Emndenini we-thrush reels, ubukhokho buyabusa - kuphela owesilisa owesilisa esidlekeni, futhi bobabili abazali bahlanganyela ekubambaneni. Amakati azalwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12-13.
Inyoni nayo ingubhubhane.
Owesilisa nowesifazane
Ama-Reels ayizinyoni ezinyantisa igazi, kepha akakunaki nokuphila komhlambi. Inkampani enkulu yezihlobo ayibavimbeli ukuthi bagcine umshado ohlala kuze kuphele izinsuku. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, owesilisa nowesifazane bayabandakanyeka ekwakheni izidleke, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi zombili lezi zinyoni zenza le nqubo.
Kunokwehlukahluka okukhulu phakathi kwezinkampani ezincanyana, ngakho-ke, akunakuba khona isinqumo mayelana ne-dimorphism yezocansi. Kwezinye izingosi ezingezansi, kuvezwa buthaka, kanti kwezinye kuhlukile.
Izidingo zeseli
Thenga ikheji elikhulu futhi elibanzi, osayizi walo lingabi ngaphansi kwama-80 ngama-80 ngo-80. Ungakhetha indwangu yensimbi, kepha ungakhohlwa ukunamathela amahlumela noma isiqu phakathi kwezigxobo zekheji - ama-Finger ayithanda kakhulu imifino.
Beka ikheji endaweni enelanga futhi unakekele umoya omusha, kepha hhayi okusalungiswa.
Ukondla ama-reels
Ungakhohlwa ngomkhumbi ogcwele ngamanzi - izinyoni zithanda ukuphuza amanzi kaningi.
Njengokwelapha, isilwane singondliwa amantongomane amancane. Qiniseka ukuthenga ukudla okubukhoma esitolo se-zoo, kungaba izicabucabu, amabhungane, amahansi. Izidalwa eziphilayo ezincane zakha isisekelo sokudla kwale nyoni. Ungase futhi ondle amabele noma okusanhlamvu.
Amaqiniso Ahehayo
- Amapulisi ayakwazi ukushintsha umbala wawo, kuye ngesizini.
- Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zihluka kusuka ezinokuthula ziye ezidlaleni ezidla igazi lezinye izilwane.
- Ama-Finches athanda ukuhlala emhlambini. Ngisho nasekhaya, zingaxazululwa endaweni yezindiza nezinye izinyoni, kepha amachwane kuphela, hhayi abantu abadala.
- Amanani ahlala eziQhingini zaseGalapagos asezingeni eliphakeme; inani lawo lincane kakhulu.
- Lezi zinyoni zinomsindo osheshayo futhi ziyakwazi ukulwa nezinye izinyoni. Kepha ngokwejwayelekile, banokuxhumana kakhulu futhi abakwazi ukumelana nesizungu.
Ukucula
Baqala izingoma zabo emood. ngakho-ke zihlala zihlukile. Lapho bebaleka, bamemeza bathi: "bukhoma", "chi-chi-chi", abahlala esidlekeni: "chzhzhzh". Sekukonke, iculo ngesizini yokukhwelana liqukethe ikhwela eliyinkimbinkimbi nokukhamba, ukuthula okuthule.
Isizinda: Umbuso: Isizinda: Ngaphandle kwesikhundla: Ngaphandle kwesikhundla: Uhlobo: I-Subtype: infratype: I-overclass: Class: Subclass: infraclass: I-oda: Suborder: Family: Subfamily: Gender: Buka: Finch
I-Finch iyinyoni evame kakhulu yama-Passeriformes e-oda. Ngaphandle, empeleni kufana kakhulu nondlunkulu ojwayelekile, kepha ngokungafani nakho, kungashintsha umbala kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-Finch futhi kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngabamele abaqavile kakhulu kulo mndeni, sinikeze amaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo ngempilo yenyoni nangezinto zayo ezihlukile.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Njengenhlobo ehlukile, imichilo yachazwa emuva maphakathi nekhulu le-18 yisazi sezilwane saseSweden uCarl Linnaeus. Kakade ngaleso sikhathi izinyoni zahlukaniswa zaba ngumndeni ohlukile, futhi emva kweminyaka eyikhulu kwachazwa konke ukucelwa kwalo mndeni.
Kodwa-ke, njengesigaba esiphelile, ama-reels akhiwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziningana edlule. Lezi zinyoni bezaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi okokuqala ukukhulunywa ngezinyoni kubuya eminyakeni eyisi-5 BC. EGibhithe lasendulo, le nyoni yayithathwa njengesihambisana nelanga futhi isimo ngayo yayihlonipha kakhulu.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-reel?
Ukubonakala kwelechilo kuxhomeke kokubhaliselwe okukulo, kanye nensimu ahlala kuyo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo eziyishumi zalezi zinyoni.
Abamele abaphambili yilaba:
- i-canary finch mhlawumbe iyona yezinyoni ezijwayelekile kunazo zonke. Ihlala kusuka onyaweni lwezintaba zaseHimalaya kuya ekuqaleni kogwadule lwaseSahara. Inombala ogqamile futhi ongajwayelekile. Isifuba nomhlane we-canch finch ziluhlaza kanti amaphiko ansundu. Le nyoni ididaniswa kalula ne-canary yangempela, evame ukwenzeka phakathi kososayensi. Le nyoni inamasentimitha ayi-10,5 ubude, inesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-15 futhi kungaphikiswa ukuthi leli yilungu elincane kunalo lonke lomndeni we-Finch,
- i-reel snow - eyaziwa nangokuthi i-alpine reel. Uhlala ezintabeni zakwa-Alps endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000, eNhlonhlo yeBalkan, eCarpathians nasezintabeni zase-Central Asia. Akufani ngombala wayo ongafani nalutho, kepha futhi nendlela yokuphila yokuhlala engafani nezinyoni zalolu hlobo. Umbala wenyoni umhlophe-grey futhi kuphela entanyeni yakhe kukhona indawo encane emnyama. Ibhili lokukhishwa kweqhwa lifushane ngandlela thile kunalo wonke umndeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko kwenziwa ngamabele kanzima,
- IMozambiki finch - lolu hlobo lwenyoni luhlala emazweni ase-Afrika anjengeMozambiki, iTanzania kanye neZimbabwe. Inombala okhanyayo kakhulu futhi ogcwele kahle. I-plumage yenyoni inemibala ekhanyayo ephuzi futhi eluhlaza, eyenza ibukeke njengepharapholi encane. Izindawo zihlala zigcina le nyoni ekhaya futhi zivame ukuthumela kwamanye amazwe. Ngobukhulu, le nyoni ifana ne-canary finch futhi ibuye ixhumane nabantu kalula. By the way, the Mozambique reel feel great in the parks of emadolobheni amakhulu ase-Afrika futhi ayikuvimbeli ukudla kwabaphakeli,
- i-Royal reel - indawo yokuhlala kwale nyoni - amazwe asempumalanga anjengeTurkey, i-Iran noma iPakistan. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yothando olukhulu lokufudumala, i-Finch yasebukhosini ifudukela eNdiya ebusika, ngoba kunzima ukudlulisa ngisho nobusika obuthambile beTurkey ne-Iran. Le nyoni yathola igama layo ngenxa yendawo engajwayelekile ebomvu ekhanda, efana kakhulu nomqhele omncane. Indawo ebomvu ekhanyayo ibukeka kahle emapulini amnyama nampunga futhi ivelele kude nakude,
- IGalapagos finch - uhlobo oluhlukile oluhlala kuphela esiqhingini saseGalapagos. Kwakufundwa nguCharles Darwin, njengohlobo olwakhiwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlukaniswa kwemvelo ngokwemvelo. Sekukonke kunezinhlobo eziyi-7 zamanani anjalo futhi zonke zihlukile komunye ngokubukeka, ngokuziphatha ngisho nangokondleka.
Isibonelo, iziqhingi zihlala umhlume ocijile, odla inyama yezilwane futhi uphuze igazi lezinye izinyoni. Iqiniso ngukuthi kulezi ziqhingi kuvame ukuba nesomiso, futhi igazi lezinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo livumela lezi zimali ukuqeda ukoma kwazo.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Zonke izinhlobo zamatshe zibonakaliswa yi-dimorphism yezocansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abesilisa nabesifazane bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye ngokuya ngokukhanya. Abesilisa bagqame kakhulu kunabesifazane, okubavumela ukuthi bathole abasakazi esikhathini esizayo sokuzala.
Ihlala kuphi i-Finch?
Photo: Reel eRussia
Iminwe luhlobo lwenyoni evumelana ngokuphelele nezimo zezulu futhi ibekezelela kahle ngisho izindiza ezinde ngaphezulu kwezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha.
Lezi zinyoni zizizwa zimnandi kulo lonke elaseRussia, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinamakhaza. Baphinde bahlala emazweni amaningi aseYurophu (kufaka phakathi amazwe asenyakatho anjengeSweden neFinland). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-finches ahlala e-Afrika nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezintaka ziyizinyoni ezifudukayo. Zishiya izindawo zazo ezidlekayo ngenyanga yokuqala yekwindla bese zibhabhela ebusika ziye eNdiya, eJapan naseziqhingini ezikhethekile. Izinyoni zalolu hlobo ziyakwazi ukwenza izindiza ezinde ngaphezulu kwebanga elingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3 futhi ziqondise kahle izenzo zazo emhlambini omkhulu.
Izinyoni zithanda ukuhlala emahlathini angacacile, emaphethelweni ezinqwaba zezihlahla. Imvamisa zitholakala emapaki noma eduzane kwabantu.Ama-reels awesabi nhlobo abantu, ayakwazi ukudla ezivandeni futhi asabele ngesineke ngisho nangemishini enganakile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nama-reels akhule endle athanjiswa kalula futhi ahlala kahle emakhejini isikhathi eside.
Manje usuyazi ukuthi iphi Asibone ukuthi kudlani.
Amanani ama-30 adlani?
Photo: bird reel
Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezinyoni izinambuzane ezincane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-reels aphumelele ngendlela efanayo angahlasela izinambuzane ezindizayo ezinjengalezi:
Ungacabangi ukuthi i-reel iyakwazi ukuzingela emoyeni kuphela. Lokhu kukude kangako. Le nyoni ibamba izibungu ngokuphelele, izicabucabu kanye namacimbi phansi. Eqinisweni, empeleni, i-Finch futhi ihlala kude nalapho umuntu ehlala khona nepulazi lakhe. Kulezi zindawo kuhlale kunezinambuzane ezingaphezu kwenele.
Uma kungekho zinambuzane ezanele, khona-ke izinyoni zingashintsha ukuze zitshale ukudla. Okokuqala, ama-finches aqala ukudla imbewu ebunjiwe, ukolweni kanye ne-rye, kanye nembewu ehlukahlukene yezinye izitshalo. Futhi, izinyoni zingabhula amakhonkolo, ama-aphula we-peck kanye ulethisi. Kepha konke lokhu okuhlanganayo kuzodliwa kuphela uma kushoda izinambuzane. Uma kunezimpukane ezanele nezimvemvane, khona-ke izinyoni zalolu hlobo ngeke zifune ukudla kwezitshalo.
Njengoba iminyobo izizwa imnandi ekudingisweni, lezi zinyoni zingagcinwa ekhaya. Ungabondla njengama canaries. Izinyoni ziyakujabulela ukudla ingxube ye-canary, ngeke zenqabe amabele, zizodla ngentokozo utshani bezintwala. Kodwa-ke, izibungu zempuphu, izimpethu (ezithengiswa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane) namabhungane kuzoba yindlela yangempela yamanani ahlala ezinkanjini. Kepha kufanele unikeze ukudla okuphilayo ngokulingana, njengoba izinyoni zingazi isilinganiso futhi zizodla kuze kuphele izinambuzane.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Photo: ebusika reel
Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obunesizotha, le nyoni inesimo somzimba esilinganiselwe namaphiko anamandla. Konke lokhu kuvumela ukuthi ama-Finches aqhubeke nokuzithemba emoyeni futhi ajabulele ukundiza amahora ambalwa zilandelana. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubuka ukuthi lezi zinyoni zizingela kanjani ngekhono nangobungcweti emoyeni, zenze izikhathi ezithile ezihlanya futhi zishintshe indlela eya endizeni ngaso leso sikhathi.
Kepha indlela yokuphila yenyoni incike ezincwadini ezingaphansi kwayo. Ingxenye yenani labantu abahle kakhulu linamathela kwindlela yokuphila yesibili, enye ingxenye ihlala emihlanjini emincane yabantu abangu-10-20. Kepha ngisho nasendabeni yokuhlala ngababili, izinyoni zithanda ukuhlala zodwa futhi kwesinye isikhathi kunehlathi elilodwa kunezidleke ezingama-2-3.
Ngokwemvelo yayo, i-Finch iyinyoni ejabule kakhulu futhi ejabule engacula izingoma ze-melodic kusuka ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa. Le ngoma iyingxube yama-trill kanye nemikhonto yama-degree ahlukene e-toni. Ingoma izwakala yinhle kakhulu lapho abesilisa bezama ukuheha abesifazane.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinyoni zithanda indlela yokuphila elula, zindiza ngazinye ukuthola ukudla. Azinayo insimu echazwe ngokucacile, kepha ama-Finches azama ukuzingela eyedwa. Kepha uma kukhulunywa ngendiza yasebusika, izinyoni zingena emihlanjini yabantu abangu-100-150 bese indiza yenzeka en masse. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni zingalinda ama-laggard bese zigcina amanani azo aze afike lapho aya khona.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Iculo Reel
Iminwe izinyoni ezinyantisa igazi. Bakhetha umuntu azoshada naye impilo yabo yonke futhi bahlala bethembekile kumlingani wabo. Ngisho ngihlala emhlambini omkhulu, lo mbhangqwana uhlala usondelene futhi ukhombisa njalo ukunakwa.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, ama-finches angena esikhathini sokuvuthisa 1 noma izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka. E-Russia, izinyoni zizalela amaqanda kanye ngonyaka. E-Afrika naseGalapagos, ama-reels abeka amaqanda kabili ngonyaka.
Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi futhi siqhubeka kuze kube ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Owesilisa nowesifazane benza umsebenzi wokwakha isidleke ndawonye. Imvamisa, izihlahlana noma amagatsha esihlahla esincanyane kunawo wonke, kude kakhulu nesiqu kanye namagatsha awugqinsi ngangokunokwenzeka, khetha indawo yesidleke.
Njengomthetho, insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-2-8 kanti isikhathi sokuqhanyelwa sithatha izinsuku eziyi-12-14. Yinsikazi kuphela ebandakanyeka ekuqandeni amaqanda, kuthi owesilisa enze isisulu sokudla kwakhe, kamuva amathole.
Izingane zizalwa zinqunu, ngemuva kwesonto zimbozwe ngofifi, kanti nowesifazane uyaqala ukundiza ukuphuma esidlekeni ayofuna ukudla. Ngemuva kwamanye amasonto ama-2, ama-Finches amasha aphuma esidlekeni bese eqala ukuzitholela ukudla. Ukuthomba kulezi zinyoni kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingama-6-7, futhi impilo yama-reels ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwe-11. Ekhaya, izinyoni zingaphila iminyaka eyi-15.
Izitha zemvelo zama-reels
Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-reel?
Njenganoma iyiphi enye inyoni encane, ama-reel anezitha ezanele. Okokuqala, izisulu ezinemilenze emine zihlukaniswa njengezitha zemvelo.
Lezi zilwane ezilandelayo zingadla izinyoni ezindala kanye nokwenziwa kwamaqanda:
Zonke lezi zilwane zinamandla agcwele ngokwanele okubamba inyoni ebanzi futhi ngokuqinisekile ngeke ziziphikise injabulo, zizokujabulela amaqanda asanda kubekwa. Ngalesi sizathu, izinyoni zizama ukwakha izidleke ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka emagatsheni aminyene neziqu zezihlahla.
Akunangozi kangako ngokubekwa kweqanda izinyoka. Futhi uma izilwane ezinemilenze emine zihlala zingafiki esidlekeni, khona-ke izinyoka ziyakwazi ukukhamba kanye nasegatsheni elincane kakhulu. Izazi zesifo sezinhlungu zithi ama-50-60% kuphela wamachinga amaqanda agcinwe angasebenzi futhi namachwane aqhamuka kuwo.
Kwabadala, izinyoni ezidla inyama zingaba usongo. Ama-Hawks nama-falcons awazideleli izinyoni ezincane futhi ahlala ehlasela, udinga nje ukuphinda ukhange imizuzu embalwa.
Umsebenzi wesintu futhi ubangela ukulimala okukhulu kubantu. Futhi sibonga kuphela ngamakhono aphezulu aguqukayo kanye nobuntu, ama-reels akwazi ukuphatha izinombolo zawo futhi aphile eduze kwabantu.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Kufanele kushiwo ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukuthola inani eliqondile lezinyoni. Lokhu kungenxa yobukhulu obuncane benyoni, nangendawo yokuhlala enkulu, nendlela yokuphila efudukayo.
Ngokuqagela okulukhuni kwabasebenza ngama-ornithologists, cishe izigidi ezingama-5-7 zamarandi ayo yonke imixhaso aphila emhlabeni. Ukuqothulwa nokuqothuka nakanjani akuzisongeli lezi zinyoni, kodwa inani labo liyancishiswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezindaweni zokhokho bezinyoni, abantu baqala ukwenza ukwakhiwa okusebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla kwesibalo sezinyoni kuhlotshaniswa nokwehla kokuphakelwa kokudla.
Ukuze inyoni ikwazi ukuzala futhi iqhubeke nendlela yokuphila ephelele, idinga izinambuzane. Eminyakeni yamuva, inani labo belincipha ngokushesha, futhi ngemuva kwabo isibalo semali sehle futhi.
Ukwesaba okukhulu kakhulu kubangelwa ukuhanjiswa kancane kokuhlala kweziqhingi zaseGalapogos. Lezi zi-subspecies endemic, azinayo umfutho wegazi elisha futhi inani lalezi zinyoni lehla ngokuqinile. Kodwa-ke, abasongelwa ngokuqothulwa, ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi ithuba lokugcina inani lamanani ngosizo lokuzalela okwenziwe ngenkani. Njengamanje, ama-Finches atholakala kuzo zonke izindawo ezinkulu zasekhaya emhlabeni, futhi abathandi bezinyoni bahlala cishe ezinkulungwaneni zezinyoni zazo zonke izinhlobo ezingaphansi.
I-Finch inyoni ejabule kakhulu futhi enomusa ophila emhlabeni wonke. Amanani abo aphakeme, futhi okubhaliwe kuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Kukwanele ukusho ukuthi emhlabeni kukhona izintaka, ukukhetha ukudla kwezitshalo, kanye nama-vampire Finches, ukuphuza igazi lezinye izinyoni ezimweni zokuntuleka kwamanzi.