Izici ezinhle kakhulu zomqaphi weqiniso nothembekile nonogada umelusi maremma. Lezi izinja eziqinile, eziqinile ezinobukhulu obukhulu, ezinobude obungu-70 cm, umzimba onamandla nesisindo sama-kilogramu angama-40 noma ngaphezulu.

Ezincwadini zasendulo ezichaza izinja ezinje, kuthiwa lezi zinja kumele zibe nesisindo esikhulu kangangokuba zikhanya ngokwanele ukuxosha izitha nezinkomo, futhi ezisindayo kangangokuba zingakwazi ukunqoba isitha esikhulu kalula.

Lokhu kuzalanisa kungenye yezakudala, futhi ulwazi lokuqala mayelana nama-maremmas lwatholwa emithonjeni evela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yethu. Kulezi zikhathi ezedlule, izinja zazingabelusi bezinkomo zabaseRoma futhi zihamba nomkhankaso.

Kukholakala ukuthi okhokho balezi zinja bake behla eziqongweni zaseTibetan bathuthela eYurophu. Noma kunjalo, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amazinga ayisisekelo kanye nezinto zangaphandle ze-purebred maremma azikashintshi kusukela kulezo zikhathi ezikude.

Lezi zinja zivezwa ngu:

• inhloko enkulu enebunzi eliphansi nelicaba,
• isihlakala esifana nobuso bebhele,
• izindlebe ezinyakazayo, ezingunxantathu, ezilengayo,
• amehlo amnyama, anjenge-alimondi
• ikhala elimnyama elikhulu
• umlomo onamazinyo aqine kakhulu,
• izinkophe nezindebe ezincane ezomile kumele zibe mnyama.
• ukoma okuhlaba umxhwele kwalezi zilwane kuphuma kakhulu ngaphezu komhlane wethambo,
• isifuba siqine, sinamandla futhi sibanzi,
• Izinhlungu zemisipha
• ama-paws aqinile, ayindilinga, imilenze yangemuva engenakubalwa okumi ngendlela,
• umsila u-fluffy futhi usetha okuphansi.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona Isithombe se-Maremma, izinja zinombala omhlophe qhwa, futhi ngokuya ngamazinga wohlobo lokuzalwa umehluko kuphela onombala ophuzi nowe-beige uvunyelwe ezindaweni ezihlukile zangaphambili. Ubude bezinwele eziwugqinsi zomalusi ongumalusi zingafinyelela ku-10 cm kwezinye izindawo zomzimba, zenze uhlobo lwentambo entanyeni nasehlombe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfishane ezindlebeni, ekhanda nasezindongeni. I-undercoat ejulile isiza inja ingabandeli ngisho nokubanda kakhulu, futhi ukwakheka okukhethekile kwezinwele kukuvumela ukuba uzizwe ukhululekile ngisho noma emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu. Ekhushulwe izindlala ezikhethekile, amanoni enza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uboya buzihlanze, futhi udaka omisiwe luwele ezinweleni ngaphandle kokugeza futhi ngaphandle kokuthintana namanzi.

Izithombe zomama mamama abruzza

Izici zohlobo lweMaremma

Izinja zalokhu kuzalanisa zivame ukubizwa maremma abruzza umalusi ngegama lesifunda sase-Italy, lapho izinja zazivame kakhulu khona. Iqiniso alicaci ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ezavela kuqala kule ndawo.

Futhi ngalesi sikhathi ngalesi sikhathi bekukhona izingxabano eziningi lapho ekugcineni kwatholakala ukuyekethisa okunengqondo. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, lezi zinja bezingabangani abazinikele kakhulu nabasizi balusi, zisindisa izinkomo ezilwaneni zasendle nakubantu abangenamusa, zithola izinkomo nezimbuzi ezilahlekile.

Umbala omhlophe I-Italian maremma yasiza abaninizi ukuba bangakhohlwa inja yabo ebumnyameni bamahlathi nasebusuku obunamafu, futhi ihlukanise izinja kalula ezilwaneni ezinonya. Kukholakala ukuthi amadlozi ezinja ezinje nje zaba ngabazuzi bazo zonke izinhlobo zezinja ezingabikhona eMhlabeni.

Kufanekiselwa i-Italian Maremma

Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Maremma fakaza ukuthi kuze kube manje laba bangani bomuntu abangathembekile abalahlekelwe izimfanelo zabo zokuvikela nezokwelusa, basebenza ngokwethembeka kubantu banamuhla, njengoba bake basiza okhokho babo, ababebheka izinja njengezinja ezinhle.

Lezi zilwane zinobuntu obugqamile ne-charisma, futhi ubuntu bazo buhlala bufuna ukubonakaliswa. Bajwayele ukubona umnikazi njengesidalwa esilingana naye, bamthathe njengomlingani ogcwele nomngane omkhulu, kepha akusekho okunye.

Izinja zikaMelmma-Abruzzi Shepherd zinokuqonda okuthuthukile kakhulu, futhi isimo sazo ngabantu abangaziwa sakhiwa ngokwazi komuntu siqu, kuye ngobudlelwano nabantu abathile bomnikazi kanye namalungu omndeni wakhe. Futhi uma umuntu engenzi lutho olusolisayo futhi ongumngane nabakhileyo endlini, amawashi ngeke ambonise ulaka olungenangqondo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho iMaremmas iyazithanda izingane futhi imvamisa azizikhubekisi. Umlindi, insimu ayiphathisiwe, izinja zingasabela ezihambini zendlu ngokuthula phakathi nosuku, kodwa isifiso sokuhambela ebusuku cishe ngeke sibize izindleko zangaphandle ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi.

Izinja maremma ebaluleke ezindaweni zasemakhaya ukuvikela amadlelo nokuvikelwa kwizinyamazane ezihlala emahlathini eziyingozi. Futhi izimfanelo zabo zokuqapha nezokwalusa zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo namuhla hhayi eYurophu kuphela, kodwa nabalimi baseMelika.

Ukunakekelwa kweMaremma nokudla komsoco

Izinja ezinjalo zigcinwa kahle kakhulu ezindizeni, kepha ukuhamba nsuku zonke kuyadingeka. Imidlwane yaseMaremma Badinga nokuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba okujulile, okudingekayo ekwakhekeni kwabo okuhle.

Ukufundisa nokuqeqesha inja, umlingiswa oqinile, ukubekezelela namandla okuziphatha omnikazi kuyadingeka, kepha ngasikhathi sinye uthando, ukuqonda ukwelashwa. Ama-Maremmas akude kakhulu nokuba ophethe futhi akhononda ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi lapha kufanele kuboniswe ibhalansi ezolile yothisha.

Amasu wokucindezela okunesihluku nesifiso sokuthukuthelisa lezi zinja zingaphelela ekuhlulekeni kumnikazi oziqhenyayo ongafanele. Kungakho kuphela umuntu onolwazi futhi onolwazi angakwazi ukuthenga ama-maremma. Izinwele zezilwane zidinga ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke. Kufanele kukhululwe ngebhulashi lensimbi elukhuni.

Futhi uma ngemuva kokuhamba inja imanzekile phakathi nemvula, kungcono ukuyisula ngethawula elomile ngokushesha lapho ibuyela ekhaya. Ekushiseni, lezi zilwane zidinga kakhulu amanzi amaningi, futhi akufanele zigcinwe elangeni. Kepha babekezelela iqhwa elinzima kalula futhi bajabulele ukulele eqhweni ngenjabulo. Izinja ngokuvamile ngokwemvelo zinempilo enhle kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukungahambi kahle kofuzo.

Kepha ngentuthuko yazo efanelekile yomzimba, udinga umsoco omuhle nokudla okulinganiselayo, okufanele kufake amaminerali abalulekile namavithamini ahlukahlukene, kanye nokuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-calcium ekudleni, okufiseleka kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwesikhumba esiqinile samathambo.

Kuyasiza kumdlwane omncane osanda kuyeka ukudla ubisi lukamama ukunikeza irayisi noma i-oatmeal porridge, i-cottage shizi ne-kefir, kancane kancane engeza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenyama ekudleni. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezindala zinikezwa okufakwayo okuluhlaza okuqukethe amavithamini nama-enzyme, kanye nemifino ebilisiwe. Izinja zabantu abadala kufanele zondliwe inyama yenkomo nesibindi.

Intengo ye-Maremma

Ukuzalaniswa kukaMaremma kwabaFusi be-Abruzzi kuhlanganyela e-Italy. E-Russia, abafuyi bezithelo banesasasa kakhulu kulokhu kuzalaniswa muva nje, kodwa banentshiseko ngale ndaba, ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa izinja ezingcolile nezangaphandle. ngalokho thenga inja yomalusi maremma kungenzeka ezindlini ezifuywayo. Ungase futhi umlethe phesheya.

Imidlwane enesithombe iMaremma

Njengoba imidlwane yalolu hlobo lokuzalela iyivelakancane kakhulu esikhathini sethu, futhi konke ukuzalanisa kwenziwa kuphela ngenhlangano efanelekile yokufuya izinja, intengo maremma ayiphansi ikakhulukazi futhi, njengomthetho, ingama-30,000, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80. Futhi lapha inani lixhomeke emadlozini nasekufaneni kwabazali, nakumathemba ezinja ezitholiwe.

Umlando wemvelaphi yokuzalanisa

Indaba isitshela ukuthi uhlobo olunjalo lwezinja lwavela okokuqala emazweni ase-Italy. Ubasondeze kulelizwe ngu-Aeneas, owabaleka eTroy. Ososayensi abayithembi nhlobo inganekwane, ngakho-ke inguqulo esemthethweni yokubonakala kwalolu hlobo lwezinja isuselwa ekutheni okhokho babelusi banamuhla be-Abruzzi babengabelusi abavamile base-Asia. Kucatshangwa ukuthi bahambisana nama-nomarry abangama-Aryan abathuthela eYurophu bevela ezintabeni zaseTibetan.

Ukuphawulwa emithonjeni yokuqala ebhaliwe kuthumela ubuntu ekhulwini lokuqala lesikhathi sethu, lapho sebevele benomsebenzi obalulekile wokuvikela.

Igama elithi UMelusi Wase-Italy lihlotshaniswa namadolobha amabili e-Italy: Abruzzi neMaremma. Izakhamizi zamadolobha zathandana nezinja ezinhle ezimhlophe qhwa, ngenxa yalokho kwaba nenkulumompikiswano enkulu ngokuthi yiliphi igama elizobanika abavikeli abathembekile. Ngaphandle kokufinyelela esivumelwaneni, abantu bathola ukuyekethisa babiza lo mzala ngokuthi “Maremma-Abruzza”.

I-Italy akuyona ukuphela kwezwe eliye lahlulwa yilezi zinja. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane kakhulu, lonke elaseYurophu lazwakalisa ukubabaza kwalo ubumnene nokubonakala okumangazayo kwabelusi abanjalo.

Ngaphandle kothando lwendawo yonke, iMaremma-Abutsk Sheepdog, njengohlobo oluhlukile lwenja, yaqashelwa yi-International Cynological Organisation ngo-1956 kuphela.

Faka umbala nohlobo lwejazi

Iningi lezinja linombala wejazi elimhlophe qhwa. Phambilini, leli thuba lalisetshenziswa ekuvikelweni kwemfuyo. Umalusi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngisho nasebusuku obumnyama kakhulu, angenza umelusi. Manje umbala omhlophe wenza i-Italian ibe yinhle kakhulu futhi imnandi. Emacaleni ezinja kufanele kube nokufakelwa okuncane kwezinwele ezimnyama - lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqokomise amehlo, ubenze bakhulu futhi baveze kakhudlwana. Okungaphansi kakhulu izinja ezingamalusi ezihogelayo noma ezimhlophe ngombala, ezithambekele kakhudlwana kwizikali ezimpunga.

Ezempilo Nezifo

Izinja azithambekele kunoma yisiphi isifo esifuze lesi. Uma umuntu ethatha isinqumo sokuphephela umelusi onjalo, khona-ke kufanele azi ukuthi inja ayithinteki ezifweni eziningi. Okuhle kakhulu ukuthi cishe azikho izifo ezifakelwe izakhi zofuzo.

Ukuzalela kunefa elikhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlobo lwezinja luvela emakhulwini okuqala esikhathi sethu. Kwezifo ezitholakele, umuntu angabona ukuthi usengozini yezilwane ezifweni zamajoyina kanye nohlelo lwamathambo luphelele. Isici esimangazayo maremmas ukuthi bazenzela izinqumo ngokuzimele ngokufa kwabo.

Lapho iminyaka yenja iba efanele, khona-ke imane iyeke ukudla nokuphuza. Ayikwazi ukubekezelela ukweqiwa ngokweqile, umzimba uyaphela. Akunakwenzeka ukwehlisa uMelusi wase-Italy kulesi sinqumo. Lesi sici semvelo sisebenza kuphela uma kuziwa ekufeni kwemvelo.

Ukudilizwa kwenja kaMelmma-Abruzzo

Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zakudala ezenzelwe ukuvikela umhlambi wezimvu. Kwakujwayelekile ezifundeni zase-Italy i-Umbria, iPuglia, Maremma, iCalabria ne-Abruzzo. Kwakunezimpisi eziningi kulawo mazwe, ngakho-ke izinja zazidingeka ukuvikela izimvu. Kwesinye isikhathi babebizwa "ngabelusi base-Italy." Ukugcizelelwa kweMaremma akuyona ukuvikela imihlambi yezimvu kuphela. Izinja zingasebenza njengabaqaphi bempahla nokuhlala abantu. Izilwane ezifuywayo zizovikela insimu yazo kuze kube sekupheleni futhi ngeke zivume noma ngubani ukuyifaka.

Isimilo nobuhlakani

Isimo somngane amane-kunzima kakhulu. Ikhwalithi eyodwa yomlingiswa wayo eqinisekisa isihloko sayo njengomzingeli. Umalusi uyakwazi ukuhlasela isitha ngokushesha okukhulu. Lapho abelusi behola umhlambi uye edamini, inja yalahleka phakathi kwabo futhi balinda ukuthula kosuku.

Uma noma yimuphi umhlaseli esondela emhlambini wezinkomo, umelusi washeshe wasuka emhlanjini omhlophe omnyama, kwathi esakhula wahlasela owonile. Kwake kwaqoshwa icala lapho inja ixosha ibhere kude nomhlambi amahora amathathu. Inja yomalusi iMaremma-Abutsk ilawula kahle insimu ezungeza uzungu, akekho noyedwa oyicashile. Ebusweni bendoda, inja iyazikhukhumeza futhi ivuma kalula ukuvuza.

Isimo sengqondo ngezingane nabanye

Inja izothandana kuphela nengane “yomdabu,” ezohlala inenqwaba yokuxhumana kwayo. Ukuxhumana nsuku zonke kuzokwenza inja ingene ingane futhi ibe ngumngane wayo omkhulu. Imvamisa, abelusi base-Italy badlala nezingane zabo, badle futhi balale. Ukudla kuhlala kuhlukaniseki. Kepha inja ayizithandi izihambi.

Ngenxa yesici esiyinhloko somlingiswa wakhe, uzozama ukuvikela ingane yakhe engcupheni engaba khona. Uma emndenini lapho kuhlala isilwane, ngokuvamile, azikho izingane, kodwa akufanele ulethe izivakashi nezingane. Inja ingaziphatha ngolaka futhi isabise ingane.

Lapho umalusi ejwayelana nengane, kubalulekile ukuba inja, njengengane, ijabule, igcwele futhi ilele. Lapho-ke ukwazana kuzophumelela.

Ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo

Kulula kakhulu ukuqeqesha umalusi onjalo. Isifuyo sifunda ngokushesha okukhulu futhi sibamba imininingwane emisha njengesiponji. Inkinga ukukhuphuka isilo sasendle esingena endleleni siye kumuntu olalela ekhaya. Kunemithetho eminingana ezokuvumela ukuthi uzuze umphumela osheshayo:

• kuyadingeka ukuqeqesha umalusi kusukela eminyakeni yobudala, khona-ke imisebenzi, amakhono namakhono kuzoqalwa futhi kwamukelwe, njengeqiniso lokugcina,
• Ukuze ukhulise inja ehlakaniphile nethembekile, kubalulekile ukuhamba isilwane ezindaweni zomphakathi: amapaki, amabala, ama-alleys - lapho kunesixuku esikhulu sabantu,
• uma ungaphuthelwa ukujikijelana kokufika kwengane kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezi-6 bese uqala ukuzivocavoca, khona-ke isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezinhlamvu zobusha kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni emi-2 sizodlula kumnikazi ngaphandle kokumangala nezinkinga,
• kusukela ekuqaleni nje kuyadingeka ukuqoka "ubani umphathi endlini." Uma umuntu ethathe ukukhulisa inja, khona-ke isenzo sakhe akufanele sibuzwe. Onke amalungu omndeni kufanele azithobe ngobumnene kwigunya eliphambili endlini. Ukuze umdlwane wase-Italian Shepherd akuqonde lokhu, kunconywa ukuthi uma kungalaleli, cindezela umzimba wakhe phansi ubambe kuze kube yilapho isilwane sesiyekile ukukhipha,
• ukuze kujeziswe isilwane ekuqeqesheni le nja, indlela yeWithers isetshenziswa kaningi. Kusho ukuthi isilwane esinegwala sidinga ukuthathwa ngohlaka lwentamo yakhe siphakanyiselwe phezulu phansi. Ngokwemvelo, le ndlela ilungele kakhulu imidlwane.

Isicelo sokuzalela

Imvamisa inja enjalo igcinwa endlini yangasese futhi ivikele nempahla yabanikazi. Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ulethwa ezindlini zokugcina ezikhethekile, ezitolo noma emafekithri lapho kudingeka khona umuntu osondelayo, osheshayo nongumvikeli wezentengiselwano.

Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo

Inja isidalwa esiphilayo esinezifiso zayo, indlela ethile yokucabanga futhi inezimpawu zayo ezihlukile zokuziphatha. Ngokwemvelo, unezinzuzo zakhe siqu nezithiyo zakhe. Izinzuzo zomalusi zifaka nokuzinikezela kwayo kumnikazi kanye nekhwalithi ebalulekile yomqaphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nangokuphelele. Inja ihlukaniswa ubuhlakani obuphakeme, uma uyiqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo zama-tetrapods, ifunda ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi inempilo enhle kakhulu, kuyaqabukela kwenzeka ukuthi uMelusi wase-Italiya enze izinto ezihlwabusayo zofuzo.

Emamaminithini, umuntu angakhipha ukwesaba kwakhe ngabantu abangabazi, uma inja endala ingajwayelene nomuntu, khona-ke "uthando ekuqaleni" luzolimaza. Kuyamangaza ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo ezinje ziyaphindisela kakhulu, zikhumbula bonke abonile bazo ngokubabona. Ngeshwa, akekho noyedwa ongabikezela ukuthi kwenzekani ekhanda lokuzalela okunje. Babonakala ngokushintshana kwemizwelo okushesha kakhulu nokuhlaselwa konya. Lapho umniniyo ehamba maremma, ukukhonkotha ngokweqile kwezinye izinja kungayicunula inja ngokungazelele, ngoba ikwazi ukubheka ukukhonkotha ngokweqile njengendawo eyingozi.

Inja iyazikhukhumeza ngokweqile ekunakekelweni. Uboya obumhlophe qhwa bunempahla enhle kakhulu yokuzihlanza. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ulondoloze ubuhle nokucwebezela, kwanele ukuhlanganisa isilwane ngenethi ekhethekile yezilwane amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku, futhi ungazigezeli amahlandla ama-2 ngesonto ngeshampu ekhethekile yezinja.

Ngokuqondene nokuqukethwe kwesilwane, kuvunyelwe kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa nokuhlala emgwaqweni. Uma umnikazi wayo engumnikazi wendlu yangasese, khona-ke kwanele ukuba abeke i-kennel enkulu nekhululekile. Lolu hlobo lwenja lunamathele kakhulu endaweni yalo.

Bazi kahle ukuthi insimu yabo ikuphi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi umalusi akuqonde lokhu.Lapho umngani onemilenze emine ehlala endlini, angabelwa ingubo enkulu, agoqwe amahlandla amane noma athenge umbhede wenja okhethekile.

Ngokuqondene nokudla kwesilwane, khona-ke imibono iyafana. Isilwane kufanele sondliwe kuphela ngemikhiqizo yemvelo. Ukudla kwansuku zonke kufanele kufake inyama, imifino, okusanhlamvu. Uma ufisa, unganikeza izinhlanzi noma okunye ukudla kwasolwandle. Ukudla okunjalo kuqukethe amaprotheni amaningi.

Uma, noma kunjalo, umnikazi enquma ukondla isilwane sakhe ngokudla owomile, khona-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo lokudla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kungcono ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane ozokhetha umkhiqizo ofanele. Awudingi ukondla isilwane isikhathi esingaphezu kwezi-6 ngosuku, izingxenye kufanele zingabi zikhulu kakhulu.

Ukwenza inja izizwe kahle, kunconyelwa ukuthi kunikezwe amavithamini namaminerali amaningi azosiza ekugcineni impilo yomalusi nsuku zonke.

Ungayikhetha kanjani ingane

Uma umuntu ethatha isinqumo sokuba ngumnikazi wesimungwana esincane seMaremma, okokuqala, kufanele aqaphele umthwalo wemfanelo ozowa emahlombe akhe lapho kufika ilungu lomndeni elisha. Uma isinqumo singesokugcina futhi singekho ngaphansi kwesikhalazo, ungaya e-nursery noma ushayele abahlobo balolu hlobo ukuze bavumelane ngokuthengiwe.

Ipharamitha eyinhloko okufanele ibhekiswe kumuntu lapho ekhetha ukubukeka kwesibungu. Udinga ukubheka isimo ejwayelekile: ingabe umdlwane ukondliwe kahle, uluhlobo luni lwezinwele, kukhona yini izimpawu zama-rickets. Futhi futhi udinga ukunaka amehlo engane, uyihlole ngenxa yokuphuphuma nokuphuma izinyembezi ngokweqile. Kubhekisisa futhi ukubukisisa imbuzane. Ngabe ihlanzekile ngokwanele? Uma kunokutholakala kokungcola, mhlawumbe ingane isivele inesifo sohudo noma izimpawu ezisobala zokugayeka.

Kubalulekile ukuhlola umdlwane wakho ukuthola i-hernia. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka isilwane endaweni eyisicaba ngamawele ama-4 bese uhlola esiswini. Uma kukhona i-hernia, izovela njengebhubhu elincanyana endaweni yenkaba. Inganyana enempilo iyasebenza futhi ijabule. Uyokwamukela ngentokozo noma ngubani ofuna ukuhlangana naye. Lapho ingane ilala ngaso sonke isikhathi - lokhu futhi kuwuphawu olubi lwempilo.

Emncane, yonke imidlwane idlala kakhulu, izama ukukhuphuka ngaphezulu kwesithiyo senkundla futhi isivele izethemba kakhulu ngezinyawo zayo, idlala nabafowabo nodadewabo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kunzima ngisho nomfuyi wezinja onolwazi ukuqagela ukuthi umdlwane uzokhula kanjani nokuthi umlingiswa wakhe uzothuthuka kanjani. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, izilwane ezifuywayo zikhethwa ngokubukeka. Bathatha lowo obethanda kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo

Inja yaseNtabeni yaseBernese	Umelusi Omhlophe WaseSwitzerland	Umalusi wase-Australia

Ividiyo emayelana nokuzalela

Inja ezala uMaremma-Abruck Shepherd ithandwa kakhulu ngabanikazi bayo. Ihlanganisa ukubukeka okuhle nokubukeka ngokugqamile kanye nolaka olushisayo lonogada bezokuphepha. Isilwane esinjalo singaba ilungu lomndeni eligcwele. Uma ukhulisa umdlwana ngendlela efanele, umngane othembekile nothembekile uzophuma kuyo. Ukuthatha umalusi wase-Italiya endlini, umuntu kufanele azijwayeze nemithetho yokugcinwa nokunakekelwa kwayo, kanye nokulungiselela indawo lapho isilwane sizohlala khona. Thenga izitsha nezitsha zokuphuza amanzi, futhi uthenge amathoyizi ezilwane ukuze ilungu elisha lomndeni lingabi nesithukuthezi.

Umlando ezinhlotsheni zemvelo

Akukho mininingwane eqondile ngomsuka wohlobo lokuzalela. Kunokuqagela ukuthi kuthatha izimpande zayo ezinjeni ezazidla imifino ezindaweni eziphakeme zase-Iberia. Umelusi wazitholela ukubukeka kwesimanje ngekhulu le-19. Amadlozi esilo atholakala ngenxa yokuwela kwemvelo kwezinja ezazisebenza ekuhlukaniseni imihlambi yezimvu ezifundazweni zase-Italy zase-Abruzzo nase Maremma. Zombili lezi zifunda sekuyisikhathi eside zifuna ukuba ngumbhali walezinhlobo. Ngenxa yezingxabano, kwathathwa isinqumo sokuhlanganisa igama lesifunda egameni lohlobo lokuzalela.

Maremma emadlelweni aseSpain

Kuyathakazelisa! Isikhathi eside, izifundazwe ezimbili zase-Italy, u-Abruzzo noMaremma, balwela ilungelo lokubizwa njengezwe lokuhlala komelusi.

Umelusi wase-Italy omhlophe waqashelwa yi-International Cynological Association ngo-1958 kuphela.

Izici zobuntu nokuziphatha

Ukuvikelwa okungapheli kwempahla yabantu kuthuthukise ikhono lezinja lokwenza izinqumo ngokwazo. Ngokuqala kokuqala, kungabonakala sengathi ama-maremmas ayizinja ezihamba kancane futhi ezingamavila, kepha lo mbono uyadukisa. Isilwane esifuywayo akithandi ukwenza ukunyakaza okungadingekile futhi kudla amandla lapho kunesidingo.

Kubalulekile! I-Maremma yizinja ezihlakaniphile ezizimele, zithanda ukuhlonishwa. Isilo asikwazi ukuphoqelelwa ukuba sikhiphe imiyalo uma singafuni ukwenza kanjalo. Kungcono ukwakha ubuhlobo bokuthembela nesilwane esifuywayo.

Izinja Zabelusi be-Abrutsk ziyazanelisa, izinja ezigcwele isithunzi. Abantu abasebenzayo basebenzisana kahle eqenjini. Ukuzalela kuqashelwa njengobuhlakaniphe kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezigada imihlambi.

Impilo yezizukulwane eziningi iyodwa nomhlambi, ubusuku bonke uhlala emhlambini futhi umsebenzi wezinsuku zonke ujwayele ukuthambisa isimilo sezinja. Izimo zeHarsh zenza uMelmma Abruzzo Shepherd abe ngumqaphi wangempela. Isilwane sibonakaliswa ngokuziphatha okuzimele, isikhundla esibonakalayo kanye nekhono lokuzimela kanye nomhlambi.

Ubudlelwano nabantu nezilwane ezifuywayo

Lapho uthola umdlwane we-Maremma, udinga ukulungiselela iqiniso lokuthi lokhu kuzalanisa kudinga ukuzihlonipha. Inja izibona ililungu lomndeni elilinganayo nomngane, hhayi ongaphansi. Phatha isilwane sakho ngenhlonipho, sakhe ukuxhumana ngokubambisana.

Kubalulekile! Umelusi uyazithoba kubantwana abancane, ahlangane nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Inja ngeze ivuse ukungezwani.

IMaremma embukisweni ihlala ithola imiklomelo

Izici zokuphepha

Ekuvikelweni kwensimu, inja iziphatha ngaphandle komsindo ongafanele. Lapho abahlaseli bevela, bangathatha isinqumo esizimele futhi babambe abangabazi.

I-Abruck Wolfhound ngeke ikhonkothe ​​ngaphandle kwesizathu. Inja ihlasela kuphela uma umuntu esengozini. Inja, eqapha into, ithatha isikhundla esiyiqaphile, uma kwenzeka ingozi, ixwayisa owephula umngcele ngezwi noma ngokuhlaselwa ngaso leso sikhathi.

Ngenxa yomzimba wayo omkhulu, ama-maremmas asasetshenziswa ekwaluseni kwezimvu ukuvikela imihlambi kuzimpisi, ama-coyotes ngisho namabhere. Inja iyakwazi ukuxosha inyamazane.

Ukuhamba

UMelmmo Abruckian umalusi, njengazo zonke izinja ezisebenzayo, udinga imidlalo ende esebenzayo. Lokhu kumele kukhunjulwe lapho kuqala umdlwane.

Uma isilwane sihlala efulethini ledolobha, ukuhamba kufanele kuthathe amahora ambalwa ngosuku. Ukudambisa ukucindezelwa, kungcono ukushayela isilwane siye ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ukunikeza ithuba lokuxhumana nezinye izinja. Indlela yokudlala ethokozisayo iyadingeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezinyane, ekwakhiweni kohlelo lwe-psyche oluzinze kanye nohlelo lwamathambo.

Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kunconywa ukwengeza ngemithwalo yamandla, ukuqeqeshwa kokukhuthazela, ukunqoba izithiyo.

Qaphela! Inja elayishwe ngokufanele ekuhambeni ngokuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba ibuyela ekhaya ikhathele.

Indawo enhle yokuhlala i-Abrutskiy Wolfhound izoba yindlu yezwe enendawo enkulu yokuhamba. Ezimweni ezinjalo, inja izokwazi ukulawula insimu, ithole ibanga elikhulu futhi izokhombisa izimfanelo zayo zokuvikela. Ukufakwa inja kwelitshe akunconyiwe.

Ukuhamba ngezilwane zasekhaya kudinga imidlalo ehlukahlukene esebenzayo

Ukuba ngumzali nokuqeqeshwa

Udinga ukukhulisa umdlwane lapho nje eqala ukuhamba noma ngemuva kokuthenga. Inja Yomelusi we-Abrutsk inomlingisi oqinile ozimele, umnikazi kufanele amkhombise ukuthi ngubani ophambili emndenini. Isilwane kufanele sifundiswe ukuthobela, kungenjalo sizokhula sibe inja engalawuleki nenolaka.

Ngokunikwa usayizi omkhulu wenja, isilo esinomqondo omubi siba yinkinga enkulu kubantu abaqukethe. Ekuhambeni, isilwane lesi siyogijimela kwezinye izinja nezingane, ngeke sihloniphe umnikazi namanye amalungu omndeni. Endlini lapho kuhlala khona inja, akekho noyedwa ongaphandle ongangena.

Akunconyelwe! Ngenkathi kwakhiwa umthambo, akudingekile ukulayisha isilwane ngokuzikhandla isikhathi eside ngokomzimba.

Ukuqeqeshwa nokubeka indlela yokuziphatha eyiyo eyi-Maremma yenja, kungcono ukuxhumana nomuntu osebenzisa inja ochwepheshe. Uzofundisa inja ukuthi iphendule ngokwanele kwizisulu eziseduze, abantu, amakati. Uchwepheshe uzofundisa isilo isethi esidingekayo yemiyalo.

Ukunakekela uhlobo olusha lweqhwa

Inja ye-Abbor, njengazo zonke izintandokazi zomsila, idinga ukwabiwa kwabantu. Isifuyo lesi sithathwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze sihlolwe futhi sigonyelwe udokotela wezilwane, zivinjelwa izibungu, izinwele zaso zihlukaniswe. Ehlobo, inja ayiqedelwa ukushisa, ngenxa yombala omhlophe, okhombisa imisebe yelanga.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwezinwele

Ukunakekela isembozo esimhlophe qhwa seMelusi wase-Italy kulula kunokunakekela izinwele ezimnyama zezinye izinhlobo. Isakhiwo esibushelelezi nesiqinile sezinwele asivumeli ukungcola ukuba kunamathele, kunempahla yokuzihlanza. Kungakho i-wolfhound yasezintabeni ihlala ibukeka ihlanzekile futhi icocekile. Kwanele ukugeza isilwane ngaphambi kwemibukiso noma izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka.

Ukugwema ukuvela kwama-warlocks futhi kusheshiswe ukuvuselelwa kwe-undercoat, inja kufanele ikhishwe kaninginingi ngesonto.

Umelusi ongumhlambi phakathi kwezimvu ucishe ungabonakali

Ungasondla kanjani isilwane

Ukugcina isilwane sisesimweni esihle somzimba futhi sisigcina siphilile iminyaka eminingi, ukudla kwenja uMaremma kumele kube nokulingene. Ukudla okwomile kwe-premium kuqukethe uhla oluphelele lwezakhamzimba, amavithamini kanye nezithako zemaminerali ezidingekayo yinja enkulu.

Ukukhetha ukondla okulungile, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wezilwane. Uyolanda ukudla noma umsoco wemvelo enyameni ngezithako ezidingekayo zamavithamini. Izingxube ezomile zikhethiwe ngokuya ngeminyaka nezici zezempilo zesilwane.

Kufanele wazi! Ungayinikezi inja ukudla okwomile nokwemvelo. Umsoco wemvelo kufanele ube yi-50% inyama ebusayo.

Kunokwehluka ekunakekelweni yinja yenja endala nedlwana. Ukusuka ekuzalweni kuya enyangeni, izingane zinobisi lwebele olwanele. Ngemuva kwalokho abantu abasha baqala ukondla inyama ebilisiwe ebilisiwe, ushizi wekhotishi ne-kefir, imifino nezinhlamvu. Isibalo sokondliwa siqala izikhathi ezi-6 ngosuku, njengoba sikhula sincipha size ukudla oku-3 ngosuku. Ngemuva konyaka, inja inikezwa ukudla kanye ngosuku.

Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukunikeza ukudla okuthosiwe, okunosawoti, nezinongo. Isilwane sihlinzekwa ngokuthola njalo amanzi amasha.

Izifo kanye nesikhathi sokuphila

Njengoba le ndoda ingazange ingenelele ekwakhiweni kwalolu hlobo lokuzala, umalusi we-Abruzzi unempilo enhle, ithuthukiswe ezimweni zokukhethwa kwemvelo kwabantu abanohlonze.

Uma inja ingondli kahle, ingaba nezinkinga ngesisu nangesikhumba. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, imveku inengozi yezifo ezihlangene. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhula, izinja zidinga ukudla okunokuqukethwe okukhulu kwe-calcium ukwakha kanye nokuqinisa amathambo.

Kufanele wazi! Isikhathi sokuphila sama-maremmas, njengazo zonke izinja ezinkulu, asiside - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12.

Ungayithenga kanjani futhi uyikhethe kanjani i-puppy

Intengo yemidlwane yama-maremma, ngokuya ngobumsulwa bohlobo kanye ne-titularity yabazali, ingafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80 *.

Abamele abanamaphutha ekubukekeni bangabiza kancane. Lokhu kungaba ukushoda kwamazinyo, ukungalingani kwamathambo, ukwanda kwezinwele. Uma umuntu efuna ukuthola inja hhayi imibukiso, kodwa umphefumulo, ungabheka inketho yomdlwana ongabizi kakhulu.

Ukubamba iqhaza ekuzaleni kanye nemibukiso, izinja zithengwa kuma-kennels anerekhodi elifakazelwe.

Uma udinga umlingani othembekile nonogada wempahla, kufanele ubhekisise iMaremma - umalusi ka-Abruzzo. Inja inezimpawu ezinhle kakhulu zewashi, impilo enhle. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuhlaba umxhwele, i-wolfhound yase-Italy idla okuncane, kukonga impela ekugcineni isilwane. Isilwane simbozwe izinwele ezimhlophe qhwa, ezinempahla yokuzihlanza, esiza ukunakekelwa kwesilwane esifuywayo.

Umlando wokuzala

Maremma - eyiqiniso abelusi inja okhokho bakhe abafika kuyo engxenyeni yeYurophu bevela eziqongweni zaseTibetan ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu. Izinja ezinjengezinja noma ama-steppe mastiffoids ahambisana nama-nomads aba ngabasunguli bezinja eziningi kakhulu.

Umelusi wayeqapha imihlambi yabaphakeme baseRoma. Encazelweni etholakele yenja, yangomhla ka-I A.D., maremma kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe, kuboniswa umbala omhlophe noma ophuzi wesilwane.

Umbala okhanyayo uvunyelwe ukuhlukanisa inja nesilwane esidla ezinye kude nobumnyama.

AbaseRoma bagqoka izilwane zabo ezifuywayo amabala akhethekileenziwe ngesikhumba esithambile esinamazipho abukhali noma ngesipikili, ukuvikela okukhulu kuzimpisi. Ukuchazwa kwalesosikhathi kukhombisa ngokuqondile ukuthi umhlambi noma umhlambi wokuqapha akufanelanga ukuthi ukhanye njengama-greyhound, kepha awabi sinda njengabaqaphi bendlu. Isisindo salo kufanele sivumele nqoba impisi futhi ungakhathali ubalekele umhlambi wezimvu.

AmaNtaliyane ayeziqhenya ngokweqile futhi eziqhenya ngenja yawo, futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 iklabhu yokuqala yezokwelapha yasungulwa, kwathi ngo-1924 kwaqalwa izinga lokuzala. Kepha kwathatha eminye iminyaka engamashumi amane abafuyi bezokufika embonweni ojwayelekile futhi bathola uhlobo lokuyekethisa lwegama lolohlobo, futhi bakha isilinganiso esibuyekeziwe.

Usuku olusemthethweni lokuqashelwa kohlobo lokuzalwa lonyaka ngu-1958. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ama-maremmas asabalale emhlabeni wonke, njengoba izimfanelo zawo zokusebenza zifunwe kakhulu.

UKonrad Lorenz odumile wenza ucwaningo oluzimele lozalo futhi uthole ukuthi iMelmma-Abruzzi Shepherd - ukuphepha okungcono kakhuluinja.

Inja kaMaremma. Incazelo, izici, imvelo, izinhlobo, ukunakekelwa nentengo ye-maremma

Igama lenja lihambisana nezifundazwe ezimbili zase-Italy: iMaremma ne-Abruzzo, okuyigama laqanjwa ngayo - Maremma Abruzza inja yomalusi. Kulezi zindawo, kwakhiwa njengohlobo oluqinile lomelusi. E-Apennines nasogwini lwe-Adriatic, ukwalusa izimvu kuyancipha, kepha izinja ezingabelusi ziye zasinda, ukuzala kuya ngokuya kukhula.

Ngabe ubukeka kanjani umalusi wase-Italy

Ngaphandle, inja uMaremma inika umbono wenja enamandla, enkulu futhi emide. Ukunyakaza kwakhe kukhanya nomoya wakhe uyaphila. Ngisho nobukhulu bayo obuhlaba umxhwele kanye nomzimba onamandla, inja imane ikhuphuke intaba emaweni. Ijazi elimhlophe elincanyana linika ivolumu isilwane. IMaremma inekhanda elikhulu, imihlathi enamandla, izindlebe ezincane ezilengayo. Ngobunzima baso, lesi silwane sihlala sihamba phambili futhi sisepulasitiki. Ngokuvamile, yinja yokubukeka okuhlaba umxhwele nokuziphatha okuhle kakhulu.

Incazelo Nezici

Indinganiso yokuqala, echaza ngokunembile isimo sokuzalela, yadalwa ngo-1924. Ngo-1958, kwavunyelwana futhi kwaqanjwa indinganiso, kwahlanganiswa izinhlobo ezimbili zenja: uMarem no-Abruck. Ukushicilelwa okusha kwaleli zinga kukhishwe yi-FCI ngonyaka ka-2015. Kuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi, umalusi wase-Italy kufanele abe yini.

• Incazelo ejwayelekile. Izinja, abelusi nabaqaphi izinja zikhulu ngokwanele. Isilwane siqinile. Ibekezelela umsebenzi ezintabeni nasethafeni.
• Osayizi abakhulu. Umzimba uphakeme. Umzimba ungama-20% ubude kunokuphakama lapho ubuna. Ikhanda liphindwe izikhathi ezi-2,5 kunokuphakama lapho libuna. Ubukhulu obunqobayo bomzimba buyingxenye yokuphakama kubuna.
• Ikhanda. Okukhulu, okuthambile, kufana nenhloko yebhere.
• Igebhezi. Ububanzi obunamaqhinga aqobekile we-sagittal ngemuva kwekhanda.
• Ima. Ubunono obukhulu, ibunzi eliphansi, ibunzi elihlala esixekweni lidlula nge-angle ye-approuse.

• Impumulo Kuyabonakala, kumnyama, kukhulu, kepha akuphuli izici ezijwayelekile. Imanzi njalo. Amakhala awavulekile ngokuphelele.
• Imuzzle. Ububanzi esisekelweni buncishisiwe kuze kube sechumeni lwekhala. Kuthatha cishe i-1/2 yobukhulu bekhanda lonke. Ubukhulu obuguqukayo be-muzzle, kulinganiswa ngezinga lamakhona ezindebe, lilingana nengxenye yobude besihlephelo.
• Izindebe. Yomile, incane, imboza amazinyo aphezulu nezinsini ezingezansi. Umbala we-lip umnyama.
• Amehlo. I-Auburn noma i-hazel.
• Amazinyo. Isethi iphelele. Ukulunywa kulungile, isikhafu.
• Ntamo. Kwemisipha 20% ngaphansi kobude bekhanda. Uboya obukhulu obukhula entanyeni bumba ikholaji.
• Torso. Maremma — inja ngomzimba ophakeme kancane. Usayizi womugqa womzimba ubhekisele ekuphakameni kusuka phansi kufinyelele ekubungeni, njengoba ku-5 kuye ku-4.

• Izimbotshana.Iqonde, iqonde iqonde lapho ibukwa kusukela ohlangothini nangaphambili.
• Amazinyane aphumula emunweni emi-4 ocindezelwe kanyekanye. Amaphilisi weminwe ahlukile. Ingxenye yonke yama-paws, ngaphandle kwamaphara, imbozwe ngoboya obukhulu obukhulu. Umbala wezikhafu umnyama, onsundu onsundu kungenzeka.
• Umsila. I-pubescent kahle. Ngenja ezolile, yehliselwa ku-hock nangaphansi. Inja ejabule iphakamisela umsila wayo emugqeni we-dorsal ngemuva.
• Ithrafikhi. Inja ihamba ngezindlela ezimbili: isinyathelo noma i-gallop enamandla.
• Isembozo se-Woolen. Izinwele zangaphandle ziqonde kakhulu, i-undercoat iminyene, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Imichilo yeWavy kungenzeka. Ekhanda, ezindlebeni, engxenyeni engaphakathi, uboya bufushane kunakwamanye umzimba wonke. Ukuhlanza akwandiswa, kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka.
• Umbala. Imhlophe eqinile. Amacebo okukhanya okukhanyayo, ukhilimu kanye nophondo lwendlovu kungenzeka.
• Izibonda. Ukukhula kwesilisa kusuka ku-65 kuye ku-76 cm, izinsikazi zihlanganiswe kakhulu: kusuka ku-60 kuye ku-67 cm (lapho ibuna). Isisindo sabantu besilisa sisuka ku-36 kuye ku-45 kg, izindwani zilula kg.

Ubuchwephesha obukhethekile beBelusi base-Italy benza imisipha yabo yaqina futhi yaqinisa umgogodla. Lokhu kufakazelwa ngu isithombe maremma abruzza. Ngokusobala, lezi zinja ezingabelusi azishisi kakhulu - azikwazi ukubamba inyamazane noma umhlanga. Kepha bangaphoqa umuntu ohlaselayo kalula, kungaba yingcuka noma umuntu, ukuba alahle izinhloso zakhe.

Ngomsebenzi kamelusi, abaphathi bezinja bachaza umbala omhlophe woboya bezinja. Umalusi ubona izinja ezimhlophe zivela kude, enkungwini nasekuseni. Ungazihlukanisa nokuhlasela izitha ezimpunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijazi elimhlophe linciphisa ukuboniswa ilanga elikhanyayo elikhanyayo.

Izinja zivame ukusebenza eqenjini. Umsebenzi wabo awuhlanganisi impi eqondile nezimpisi. Ngokukhonkotha nangezenzo ezihlangene, kufanele baxoshe abahlaseli, noma ngabe bayizimpisi, izinja eziqanjiwe noma amabhere. Ezinsukwini zakudala, imishini yezinja yayihlanganisa ikholaji enezikhala - iRoccalo. Izindlebe zezilwane zithengiwe futhi zalinywa kuze kube manje emazweni lapho lokhu kusebenza kuvunyelwe khona.

Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ukuzalela kwahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezi-2. Kuhlungwa kabusha uhlobo oluhlukile I-Sheepdog Maremma. Umhlambi ozimele kwakuyinja yomalusi evela kwa-Abruzzo. Kwake kwalungisiswa. Izinja ezivela kuMaremmo zazalusa izimvu emathafeni nasezigungwini. Okunye ukuhlukahluka (kusuka ku-Abruzzo) kuchithe sonke isikhathi ezintabeni. Izilwane ezihlanzekile zazihlukile kwezinye izilwane zasezintabeni.

Ngo-1860, i-Italy yahlangana. Imingcele isenyamalele. Umehluko phakathi kwezinja waqala ukukhipha. Ngo-1958, ubumbano lohlobo lokuzalwa lwalungiswa ngokusemthethweni, abelusi baqala kuchazwa indinganiso eyodwa. Esikhathini sethu, umehluko owedlule wakhunjulwa kungazelelwe e-Abruzzo. Abafuyi bezinja abavela kulesi sifunda bafuna ukuhlukanisa izinja zabo zibe yizihlobo ezihlukile - isiqhwaga kusuka kwa-Abruzzo.

Abaphathi bezinja abavela kwezinye izifundazwe abekho kude kakhulu nabakhileyo e-Abruzzo. Kunokusikisela ukwahlukanisa lo mzala ube ngama-subtypes, ngokuya ngokuhluka okuncane nemvelaphi yabo. Ngemuva kokuqalwa kwemibono enjalo, izinja ezingamalusi ezivela e-Apullio, Pescocostanzo, Mayello njalonjalo zingavela.

Izici Zangaphandle

Ingaphandle lenja iMelmma-Abruzzo Shepherd - amandla, ukuzethemba nesibindi. Le yinja enkulu edonse onke amandla emvelo. Ngokwokwejwayelekile, owesilisa osemdala ufinyelela ku-65-73 cm lapho abuna futhi anesisindo esingu-45 kg. Ama-Bitches aphansi kancane futhi akhula aze afike ku-60-68 no-30-40 kg. Ubude bomzimba womuntu buwuphindwe kabili ukuphakama kwawo.

Okubhaliwe! Ngokumangazayo, ngaphansi kwengubo emhlophe, lo mzala ucasha ngokuphelele isikhumba esimnyama.

Ijazi limhlophe kuphela. Kunemithunzi kusuka ku-beige kuya ophuzi, kepha imibala enjalo ibhekwa njengehlukile ngaphandle komthetho.

Isikhumba se-Maremma simnyama

Ngokuphathelene ne-Maremmo-Abruzzi Shepherd Inja, izidingo ezilandelayo zeleveli zikhona:

• omkhulu ikhanda omkhulu. Ukusuka ebunzini kuya esihlanganweni, ukuguquka kubushelelezi, ekhoneni le-assuse,
• ukwakheka kwesiqu kufana nebhere elimnyama: isibuko sekhala simnyama, sikhulu. Inhloko enikelwe
• Amehlo ayalingana, amnyama, ukwakheka kwalokhu okusikiweyo kumile okwe-alimondi. Umbala we-iris umnyama. Izinkophe ezimnyama
• izindebe zimnyama, zomile. Mboza amazinyo akho ngokuqinile. Ukuluma kunembile, kufana nesikhafu,
• izindlebe zibekwe kabanzi futhi zinobume be-V. Isikhundla silenga. Onogada bendlebe bayama kwezinye izinja zokuqapha,
• ingemuva libanzi, liqinile ngokuqina okuqinile okukhokhayo nezinga elibonakalayo lomhlane ophansi,
• Isifuba siyindilinga, sibanzi. Ifinyelela ukuhlangana kwe-elbow,
• imilenze iqinile, inemisipha ethuthukisiwe nezinkalo eziqinile. Izinzwani ezigogeke ngokuqinile emilenzeni yangaphambili ziqoqeke ngamawumbo ayindilinga, emilenzeni yangemuva kukhona okusaqanda,
• umsila mkhulu, unezinwele eziwugqinsi. Kukhuphuka okuphansi.

IMaremma ibekezelela ngokuphelele amazinga okushisa aphakeme futhi aphansi

Isembozo soboya

Ijazi le-maremma yingubo elinzima eliphakathi ne undercoat ekhule kahle. Ijazi limhlophe qhwa, liminyene. Ekhanda, emilenzeni nasezindlebeni, izinwele zimfushane kancane. Emahlombe, i-mane kanye nengaphambili langaphambili, ijazi lide.

Isakhiwo esingaphansi esishubile nesakhiwo esithambile sezinwele zangaphandle sivumela ukuzalanisa ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphakeme nalawo aphansi ngokuphelele. Inja izizwa ikhululekile ku -40 naku -40. Izinwele ze-Maremma zimbozwe ngemfihlo ekhethekile esiza amanzi ekuxoshiseni. ISebum futhi isebenza njengohlobo lomkhiqizo wenhlanzeko, ngoba ayikuvumeli ukungcola ukuthi kuqongelelele ijazi.

Uboya be-Maremma buxosha amanzi ngokuphelele

Naphezu kobukhulu bayo, i-maremma ihamba ngokushesha futhi inyumbazana. Lesi isilwane esihlakaniphile ngaphandle komthwalo omncane.

Ukubukeka nencazelo

Noma ubukhulu bawo, inja ayisiyikhulu kakhulu. Izinja ngobude zifinyelela cishe ku-75 cm, futhi amalwidi amancane ngisho - kuya kuma-70 cm.Ikhanda elikhulu nomzimba owakhiwe kahle kunikeza umbono webhere elinamakhaza, kepha lokhu akuvimbi isilwane ukubukeka sihle futhi sikhulu. Isisindo somzimba sowesifazane sifinyelela ku-31-42 cm, kuthi owesilisa - 46 kg. Ngalesi isisindo, inja eqinile ihlala ingashukunyiswa.

Umsoco

Esikhathini esiningi somlando wabo, izinja zazihlala eduze kwabelusi nezimvu. Ukudla kwabo kwakuyimpuphu. Lokho wukuthi, kunesizotha futhi akufani kakhulu, kepha kuyimvelo ngokuphelele. Imithombo ebhaliwe iqinisekisa ukuthi baphakela izinja isinkwa, ufulawa oxutshwe ne-Whey. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kudla kwakuhlanganisa konke kudliwa abelusi, ngokunembile, okwakusele ekudleni kwabalimi.

Namuhla, isidlo sokudla sesidlulile ngemuva. Izinja zithola ukudla okulungiselelwe zona ngokukhethekile. Ukunqunywa ngqo kwenani lokudla nokwakheka kwalo kuya ngeminyaka yesilwane, umsebenzi, izimo zokuphila nokunye. Inani lokudla likhona ebangeni le-2-7% yesisindo sesilwane.

Imenyu kufanele ibe namaprotheni ezilwane, imifino nezakhi zobisi. Cishe i-35% inyama nenyama. Amanye ama-25% yimifino edliwayo noma eluhlaza. Ama-40% asele angamabele abilisiwe ahlelwe ngemikhiqizo yobisi.

Izici zoboya

Ukuzalela kubonakaliswa umbala wejazi elimhlophe qhwa, kepha lokhu akufanele kusatshiswe. Izinwele ngazinye zinokuhlanganiswa okukhethekile ngamafutha afane ne-wax. Akuvumeli ukungcoliswa ukungcola. Ngalesi sizathu, ukungcola, inhlabathi emanzi nesihlabathi kuyomile bese kuyanyakaziswa. Umbala omhlophe qhwa futhi ubonakala njengenja yasezintabeni yasePyrenees kanye nokuvela kwamaHungary. Ezinye izici zezinwele zikaMelmma-Abruzzo Shepherd:

• ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sejazi, isilwane sizizwa sikhululekile emazingeni okushisa ukusuka--40 kuye ku-+40 degrees,
• umbala oyimbala omhlophe okhanyayo, kepha ukwahluka ngephuzi, i-cream shades kuvunyelwe,
• Ukuchitheka kwesilwane kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka,
• ijazi linobukhulu, lilukhuni, alugqinsi, liqondile, kepha kwezinye izindawo kunamabhande okuyi-wavy,
• uhlobo lwama-mane entanyeni,
• ukugeleza kwezinwele,
• ubude bezinwele emhlane bufika ku-8 cm,
• undercoat is thick (ichichima kuphela ebusika),
• uvolo onobuthi buyiphutha elibi.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Izinja zokwelusa iMaremma esikhathini sethu zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili. Eyokuqala, njengoba ifanela inja yomalusi, ichitha impilo yayo yonke phakathi kwezimvu. Kuholela ubukhona obunamahhala. Njengoba izimvu azivikelwe yinja eyodwa, kodwa yinkampani yonke, imidlwane bazalwa ngokungenelela okuncane komuntu.

Lapho uhlala ngaphansi kokunakekelwa komuntu njalo, umnikazi kufanele axazulule izinkinga zokuzalela. Okokuqala, lapho kuvela imveku endlini, kufanele uthathe isinqumo: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isilwane nomnikazi banempilo ethule noma bayigcina izala. Ukuxoshwa noma inzalo kuvame ukuba yisixazululo esifanele sokususa izinkinga eziningi.

Inja esebenza ngokugcwele iba ukulungela ukuzala isondele eminyakeni eyi-1. Kodwa-ke kufanele ulinde: bopha igatsha, kusukela ngo-estrus wesibili. Lokho wukuthi, lapho eguqula okungenani iminyaka eyi-1.5. Kwabesilisa, umuntu oneminyaka engu-1.5 ubudala futhi isikhathi esihle sokudalwa kobaba.

Abafuyi bayazi kahle inhlangano nokuziphatha kwemihlangano yezinja ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuzala. Izilwane ezihlwanyelwe zithandwe isikhathi eside ngaphambili. Abanikazi bezinja abangenalwazi kufanele bathole izeluleko eziphelele kusukela ekilabhini. Izinkinga ezixazululwe kahle zokuzalela zizogcina impilo yenja kuyo yonke iminyaka eyi-11, ehlala ngokwesilinganiso maremma.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Ebusheni bokuqala, ngezimvume zomthetho, ama-maremmas enziwa ngokuxhuma izindlebe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukugcinwa kwabelusi base-Italy akubangeli ubunzima. Ikakhulu uma izinja zihlala efulethini lomuzi, kodwa endlini yangasese enesakhiwo esikhulu esiseduze. Ukuhamba okukhulu - lokhu kuyinto esemqoka umnikazi okufanele anikele ngayo inja yakhe.

Into enzima kunazo zonke ukunakekelwa kwezinwele. Njengazo zonke izinja eziphakathi nendawo nezinwele ezinde, ama-maremma adinga ukuxubha njalo. Yini eyenza ijazi libe ngcono kanye nobudlelwano phakathi komuntu nesilwane ukwethembana okungaphezulu.

Ezinjeni ezelwe kakhulu, ingxenye yokuphila kwayo okubandakanya imincintiswano, izindandatho zobunqobi, ukuzilolonga kuyinkimbinkimbi. Akusetshenziswanga amabhulashi nongcazi kuphela, izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwendandatho inja ihlanjiwe ngamashampu akhethekile, izalali ziyalungiswa.

IMaremma isanda kube uhlobo oluyivelakancane ezweni lethu. Manje, ngenxa yezimpawu zayo, sekuyinto evamile kakhulu. Amanani emidlwane yalolu hlobo lokuzalela ahlala ephezulu. Abafuyi kanye nabahlengikazi bacela ama-ruble angaba ngu-50 000 isilwane ngasinye. Lokhu kuyisilinganiso intengo maremma.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

Amaqiniso amaningana afanele ukunakwa ahambisana nenja kaMaremma-Abruzzi. Omunye wabo udabukile.

• Njengoba seqe umugqa cishe iminyaka eyi-11, ukholelwa ukuthi umkhawulo wempilo usufikile, izinja ziyeke ukudla, bese ziyeka ukuphuza. Qeda kufa. Ukuba nempilo, izilwane ziyadlula. Abanikazi nabadokotela bezilwane abakwazi ukukhipha iMaremma Shepherd Inja ezweni lesimo sokuqothula ngokuzithandela.
• Umfanekiso wokuqala owaziwa wenja emhlophe yomalusi uqala emuva kuma-Middle Ages. Edolobheni lase-Amatrice, esontweni laseSt. Francis, fresco wangekhulu le-14 uveza inja emhlophe ekholangeni enezikhala, egada imvu. Inja emgodini ibukeka ifana neyesimanjemanje Maremma esithombeni.
• Ngo-30s, amaBrithani athumela izinja zezinkomo eziningana e-Italy. Ngalesi sikhathi, bekunempikiswano phakathi kwezazi zezilwane ngokuthi yiziphi izifundazwe ezibe nesandla ekunqumeni lolu hlobo lokuzala. AmaBrithani awakhuthazwanga ukukhathazeka kwedolobha elincane labaphathi bezinja zase-Italy futhi babiza le nja ngokuthi i-Maremma. Kamuva, lo mhlambi wathola igama elide futhi elinembe kakhudlwana: uMelmmo-Abruzzi umalusi.
• Eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, kuma-70s, abalimi bezimvu baseMelika baba nenkinga: izimpisi zohlobo lwe-meadow (coyotes) zaqala ukudala umonakalo obonakalayo emihlambini yezimvu. Imithetho yezemvelo inezindlela ezikhawulelwe zokulawula abahlaseli. Kudingeka ukubalwa okwanele Batholakala ngesimo sezinja zomelusi.
• Kweza izinhlobo ezi-5 eMelika. Emsebenzini wokuncintisana, iMaremmas iveze ukuthi bangabelusi abahle kakhulu. Emihlambi yezimvu evikelwe ngabelusi base-Italy, ukulahleka bekukuncane kakhulu noma bekungekho ngokuphelele.
• Ngo-2006, kwaqala iphrojekthi ethokozisayo e-Australia. Inani lenye yezinhlobo zamapengu endabuko yasondela emngceleni wamanani, ngaphezu kwalokho inqubo yokuqothuka yaqala.
• Uhulumeni udonse izinja ezelusa ama-maremma ukuvikela izinyoni ezimpungini nakwezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye. Babhekwa njengesizathu sokwehla kwesibalo sezinyoni. Ukuhlolwa kuphumelele. Manje iMaremmas ayigadi kuphela izimvu, kodwa futhi namaphinifa.

Maremma Abruzzo Umalusi nendoda

Empilweni yesimanje, inja izama ukuziphatha ngendlela efanayo nabantu ongabazi ngisho nabanikazi, okuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni emibi. Cishe kuyo yonke imininingwane yezinhlobo zama-maremmas, isifiso sabo sokubusa umndeni siphelile, kungazelelwe futhi ulaka olungalindelekile kubanikazi, isimo sengqondo esinzima maqondana nezingane.

Izimfanelo ezinjalo ezidingekayo emsebenzini ziba yingozi kubantu abangenalo ulwazi olwanele ekubhekaneni nenja enkulu neqinile.

Abanikazi abangaba khona kufanele bazi ukuthi izinja zalokhu kuzalaniswa zingaba nolaka lapho zizama thatha ukudla kuboVala nge-aviary noma uthwale. Ukuphikisana kubonakaliswa ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, inja ingahlala ngokuthula ezinyaweni zayo, izivumele ukuba ichotshozwe, bese kuthi ngemuva komyalo "endaweni" uhlasele umnikazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inja ayisho nje ngefangs, izama ukwethusa, kodwa kudabula izicubu ezithambile. Lokhu kuvame ukwandulelwa yisikhathi esinzima sokukhula, kanye neziqephu ezingafani zokubonisa ukunganeliseki ngohlobo lwama-growls, ahlukaniswe yizikhathi ezinkulu zesikhathi.

Maremmas angaziphatha emndenini ofana abaholi ngokuphelelengokungavumeli izingane noma amalungu omndeni abuthakathaka ukuthi angenele amakamelo athile noma ukuhlala kusofa. Lokhu njalo kungenxa yokuziphatha okungalungile kwabanikazi, futhi uma inja ingabekwa ngokuqinile, khona-ke iba yingozi. Kepha, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, uzovikela imindeni yonke ngokuzinikela.

Okuhlobene nezinye ezifuywayo

Ama-maremmas amaningi hhayi ulaka kwezinye izilwane, bahlangana kahle nanoma yikuphi ukuzalaniswa kwenja, ikakhulukazi uma bekhula bendawonye. Uhlobo lwenja lwamalusi lumenza abone impahla yakhe ezifuywayo, engenakuthinteka.

Ubunzima bungavela kuphela lapho bondla inja: ama-maremma azwela kakhulu ekuhlaselweni kokudla kwawo, futhi asheshe aveze ulaka lapho uzama ngisho nokusondela esitsheni sawo.

Okuphakelayo izinja zalesi sidingo sokuzalela uyazihlukanisa.

Emgwaqweni, ama-maremmas aziphatha ngokuzolile, awahambisani nezinye izinja, kepha abesilisa bangazama ukukala amandla abo nezimbangi zesifazane. Isici esijabulisayo sabamele abamele ukuzalanisa ukwahluka ngosayizi wabo: lapho ihlaselwa noma isongelwa, izazi ezifuya izinwele ziphakamisa izinwele kangangokuba zibonakale zikhulu, nenja ecindezelekile igobeka ngosayizi, igoqa endaweni yayo.

Ukondla

Ama-Maremmas adla ukudla okulula okuhloselwe izinja ezinkulu ezisebenzayo, noma ngabe kukudla okungokwemvelo noma okwomile. Ungafunda imiyalo yokondla umelusi waseJalimane, lezi zinhlobo ezinezidingo ezifanayo.

Ubukhulu obukhulu ngokungezwa okulingene ngesikhathi sokukhula akudingi ukudla okuphezulu kwekhalori, njengalapho kukhula ama-molosses. Ama-Chondoprotectors ekwakhekeni okufanele kwamalunga nama-ligaments kuyadingeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-puppy.

Kunombono wokuthi ama-maremma ahlupheke ngokugcinwa kwezindlu. Lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele ngoba ukulungiswa kwezindlu ethwele ubunzima ngokuyinhloko zabanikazi. Lokhu kusebenza nasekuqothulweni kwenja okuningi ngonyaka, lapho ifulethi ligwazwa yi- "poplar fluff", nephunga elikhethekile ngokhuni olufile, lapho lezi zinja zithanda ukugibela. Futhi isidingo sokuhamba nsuku zonke eside isilwane esisidingayo.

Uboya bungazihlanza, ngoba izinwele ezisele zinendawo ebushelelezi, bese kuthi ukungcola kusheshe kudlule, komile kodwa. Inja kuzodingeka ukuthi ihlanjululwe nsuku zonke ukuze ingaphansi elithambile elingaphansi lingangeni phakathi kwemigudu. Ungakugeza akuvamile, ngaphambi kwemibukiso noma ngemuva kokungcola okusindayo.

Ukuziqeqesha nokuhamba

Kuyintokozo ukuqeqesha iMelmma-Abruzzo Shepherd, yize kwesinye isikhathi inenkani. Babamba yonke into entsha futhi ethokozisayo ngempukane, lokhu kuyabonakala ikakhulukazi lapho kuqeqeshwa izinjana. Kubalulekile ukuqala ukuzijabulisa nesilwane sakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa.

Inja ithathwa ngokuxhamazela futhi ukuhola "kubantu": emigwaqweni enomsindo, ingena kumavulandlela angajwayelekile, ushayela emotweni nakwezithuthi zomphakathi.

Ukuqeqeshwa maduze nje kuqalile, izinkinga ezincane kuzoba nokufutheka kumniniyo ngenkathi kusungulwa umlingiswa wenja. Isikhathi esiyingozi kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni emi-2 sizodlula ngaphandle kobuhlungu, futhi inja izolalela umnikazi ngokuphelele uma umniniyo ekhombisa ukuphakama kwakhe njalo.

Umdlwane kufanele wazi ukuthi umnikazi uyisidalwa esiyinhloko nesinamandla emhlabeni, futhi yonke imindeni ingaphansi kokuvikela kwakhe. Noma yikuphi ukukhula, ukuzama ukusukuma ukuze uvikele ucezu lwakho lokudla noma ilungelo lokulala embhedeni omkhulu kufanele yima kanzima masinyane.

Indlela engcono kakhulu ukukhombisa ukuphakama ikhulisa inja ngesikhumba, ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukucindezela inja phansi ibambe kuze kube yilapho iqala ukumelana nayo. Kucace bha ukuthi nge-puppy kulula kakhulu ukukwenza kunokuba nensizwa engamakhilogremu amane.

Ezempilo Nesikhathi

Njengabo bonke abameleli bezinhlobo ezinkulu, ama-maremmas aphile Iminyaka engu-10-12 ubudala.

Inzuzo enkulu yalezi zinja impilo enhle kakhulu kanye nokuntuleka kwezifo zofuzo. Azikho neze izifo ezithinta i-intra-pedigree ezidluliselwa ngefa .Kwezifo ezitholakele, isifo samathambo kanye nokuhlangana kungaqapheleka ngokukhula okungafanele, kanye nesifo sokuqina kwesibeletho.

AbakwaMaremmas bafa ngendlela abaphila ngayo - bezenzela ezabo izinqumo ngakho. Inja engenazo izifo ivele iyeke ukudla nokuphuza, ithule inyamalale. Imizamo yokuvimbela lokhu ngandlela thize iyize.

Malini futhi ngithenga kuphi

Ungathenga i-Maremma-Abruzzi Shepherd Inja enkulisa ekhethekile noma kumfuyi ozimele. Izingane ezingenawo amadokhumenti zitholakala kalula kulokhu kuzalanisa, ngoba yonke imifino idlula ezinhlanganweni ezisemthethweni ze-RKF noma i-SCOR, kukhona imidlwane engeniswa kwamanye amazwe nezinja ezindala. Isidlakela ngaphandle kwe-pedigree sihlala siyingozi yokuthola inja ebukeka incane kakhulu ne-maremma yangempela ngokuphuma kwayo nokufutheka kwayo.

Intengo ye-Puppy: 30 000 - 80 000 rubleKuya ngesigaba sabazali kanye nombono wombukiso wengane.

Isithombe sokuzala

Ukukhethwa kwezithombe zama-maremmas.

Okujwayelekile

Inja kumele ihambisane nezinga lokuzalela, kepha lokhu akungenxa yabamhlophe abazalisayo. Njengoba eyi-trotter ejwayelekile, ama-maremma ahamba amabanga amade e-trot. Izitho ezikhuluphele futhi ezinde kakhulu zingavimba isilwane ekuhambeni amabanga amade, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhamba isikhathi eside semihlambi yezimvu. Ngalesi sizathu, i-anatomy yesilwane kumele ihambisane nomsebenzi wenja. Izinga lokuzalela lichaza izidingo eziyisisekelo zangaphandle kwama-maremmas:

1. Ikhanda likhulu, liyisicaba, linobuso obuphansi obuphansi. I-angle yokushintshwa kwakhe ku-muzzle ayintekenteke.
2. Isifuba siyinsimbi, siyindilinga maphakathi nomzimba, ujule.
3. Isizalo simhlophe, sinekhala elikhulu elimnyama. Ngaphandle, wenza isilwane sibukeke njengebhere.
4. Izindebe zomile, zincanyana, zimboza amazinyo ngokuqinile.
5. Iqoqo eliphelele lamazinyo, ukuluma kwesikhafu.
6. Ukubuna kubanzi, kuyahlaba umxhwele, kuvikela kakhulu ngaphezu kweleveli emuva, ekungeneni emuva kwemisipha ngesibalo esincane esifundeni se-lumbar.
7. Umumo wezindlebe unxantathu. Ziyakwazi ukuhamba, ukulengiswa, kusakazeke kabanzi ezingeni lama-zygomatic arches.
8. Amehlo amise okwenziwe nge-alimondi, abekwe banzi.
9. Amabunzi aqondile ne-metacarpus ehlanekezelwe kancane emuva, iqinile, futhi izicubu zomzimba. Imilenze yangemuva inompheme wokufana, ihlanganiswe ngoxhaxha oluyindilinga.

Uhlobo nezimpawu zokuziphatha

Ukuzalela kubonakaliswa wukuphambuka. Akekho umnikazi oyedwa ophumelele ukwenza unopopi olalelayo ngaphandle kwe-maremma. Inja enesizotha futhi ethize inamandla okulingana okulinganayo nomniniyo, imbona njengomlingani. UMelusima-Abruzzi Umelusi unezici eziningana zomlingiswa:

1. Imvelo ukuvikela Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lesi silwane siziphatha ngendlela ehlukile imini nobusuku. Ebumnyameni, ngeke athule ngokuhamba kwendawo ayiphathisiwe.
2. Inhlanhla. Iyaziveza maqondana nezinye izilwane ezisendlini.
3. Ukuqumbelana nokungathembani. Kuthinteka kuphela ngabangeneleli noma ababukeli.
4. Ukuzimela. Inja ayibekezeleli ingcindezi, ingaqeqeshwa kuphela yisandla esiqinile, kepha sinomusa womniniyo.

Amakhono aphezulu okuqonda

Inja inengqondo ethuthukisiwe - ibamba leso simo ngokushesha, yenza isinqumo sayo, icabanga ngamakhono atholakele lapho ibheka umniniyo. Ukuzalelwa kwakuzelwe umsebenzi ozimele, ngakho-ke ukulalela okuphelele akuyona into eyingqayizivele kuye. Uhlamvu oluzimele aluvumeli umuntu ukuthi anqume ukuthi inja imthanda kangakanani umnikazi wayo, kepha kukhona njalo ukuzinikela ekuziphatheni kwayo. Isilwane nje asemukeli ukusebenziseka kanye nehaba lendawo yomnikazi.

Indawo yokuboshwa

IMaremma ingabona kuphela ukuthi izimfanelo zayo ezinhle zikhiqiza kangcono emgwaqweni, egcekeni. Inja ingagcinwa efulethini ledolobha, kepha ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo, izodinga ukuhamba njalo okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku. Umuntu kumele aqhubeke isikhathi eside. Emoyeni ovulekile, inja kufanele ihlale ebusika nasehlobo. Udinga inkululeko nokuzibusa. Isilwane akumele sibe se-chain, kungenjalo ulaka nobumnyama ngeke kugwenywe. Isilwane esifuywayo sizokwazi ukulala ngokuthula eqhweni, sigaxekile.

Ukuvivinya umzimba

Ukusebenza ngokomzimba okusebenzayo kuyisimo esidingekayo kuphela lapho kusakhiwa nokukhula kwesilwane. Lokhu kwehlukanisa i-maremma nakweminye imihlambi yokuqapha emhlanjini. Inja endala ayidingi umsebenzi omningi. Uma isilwane sigcinwa efulethini, khona-ke nsuku zonke sidinga okungenani amahora angama-3 okuhamba. Kokunye kokuhamba, abanye abaninizi basebenzisa ibhayisekili "ukugijimisa" inja endaweni yokuhamba kancane. Umsebenzi uncike eminyakeni yobudala:

1. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kufanele kuqale eminyakeni engu-3-4 ubudala. Ukuqinisa ama-ligaments kudinga cishe ama-2 km wama-trot run.
2. Eminyakeni engu-5-6 izinyanga. Nsuku zonke, isilwane kufanele sigijime amakhilomitha angama-5-6.

Izinqubo zokuhlanzeka

UMelusima-Abruzzi Umalusi ulungele ngokwengeziwe ukugcinwa endaweni yezindiza, kodwa lokhu akubeki eceleni ukuhamba kokuphoqelelwa kwansuku zonke. Ehlobo, isilwane kufanele sikwazi ukuba semthunzini. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlinzeka ezinemilenze emine ngokufinyelela okuqhubekayo emanzini okuphuza. Kulula ukuthwala iqhwa lesilwane, kanti ukuba ngaphansi kwelanga elishayo kuyafuthelana ngenxa yaphansi kwembatho nejazi eliminyene. Kuyadingeka ukuhlanza njalo izindlebe, izindlebe namazinyo enja ukuvimba ukutheleleka.

Izimpisi zoMelusi we-Maremma-Abruzzo

I-anatomy ejwayelekile yalokhu kuzalanisa iyafana. Lapho ukhetha umdlwane, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze uyihlole ngaphandle. Isilwane akufanele sibe nesiqalo eside. Inhloko yemarmma emsulwa ifana nebhere. Amehlo akufanele abe mpunga noma akhanye ngombala. Ngokwamazinga anamuhla, umthunzi wawo umnyama. Isinqumo esihle kakhulu yisilwane esisebenzayo, esize kuwe ukuhlangana. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele ucele umfuyi wemibhalo ngezinja nenja nabazali bakhe. Okokugcina, uma kungenzeka, kungcono futhi ukukubuka bukhoma.

Ngingathenga kuphi

Umalusi omsulwa futhi onempilo uthengiswa kuphela kuma-kennels athembekile anedumela elihle. Lapho uthenga isilwane ngesandla noma ngesimemezelo, kudingeka ulungiselele iqiniso lokuthi isilwane esifuywayo ngeke sanqotshwa kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi enkulu yengane enezifo ezinkulu ezizoba yaziwa ngobudala. Phakathi kwemithombo yokutholwa efakazelwe yile:

• "OSSO BIANCO",
• Mirosvet - maremma.ru,
• "UKennel Maremmo-Abruck Sheepdogs."

Kubiza malini imidlwane yaseMaremma

Intengo inqunywa izinga le-puppy, inani le-pedigree yalo. Okubaluleke kakhulu yikhono lonjiniyela lokukhiqiza izinto ezinhle zofuzo. Intengo isukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30-80. Emngceleni ophansi kuneMelmma-Abruzzo Shepherd enenombolo ethile yamaphutha, enqatshelwe umbala, amazinyo noma ijazi. Uma nje udinga isilwane, ungathenga isilwane esinjalo. Labo abadinga umelusi weklasi lombukiso kuzofanela babhekane namanani aphezulu.

Izinzuzo nobubi be-maremma: ukubuyekezwa komnikazi

Futhi bathini abantu abanenhlanhla ngokwanele yokuba ngabanikazi balezi zilwanyana ezinhle kakhulu ngezilwane ezifuywayo?

UMarina: Umelusi wase-Italy ungcono kakhulu kunalokho ababhala ngakho.

Siyayithanda inja yethu! Futhi akusilo iqiniso ngokuphelele ukuthi ama-maremmas azikhohlakali futhi anenkani. Umelusi wethu aka muhle futhi uhlakaniphile kuphela, kodwa futhi uzinikele kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni. UNicoletta, noma, njengoba simbiza, uNikki, ubheka wonke amalungu omndeni 'njengomhlambi' wakhe, odinga ukuvikeleka, futhi usithanda ukuba phambi kwakhe. Lapho sithatha inja siye endlini encane futhi sizulazula isiza, uNikki wethukile kakhulu futhi uzama ukushlanganisa, futhi le nqubo iyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubukwa.

Kepha lo mhlobo unezinkinga zako, okunye kwako ukuthi inja ithinta kakhulu futhi iyaphindisela. Uma umemeza, ucasulwa okomntwana futhi angigwema usuku lonke. Futhi ukuze ngithole intethelelo yakhe, kufanele ngixolise kuye futhi ngiphathe ngendlela ayithandayo.

U-Oleg: umsizi omuhle nonogada endlini yezwe

Lezi zinja zilungele ukugcinwa endlini yezwe. Umalusi onjalo angaphathiswa ngokuphepha ukugada indlu nendawo. Wayengasoze avumele abantu bangaphandle bangene endle futhi akukho sela elilodwa elalizodlula phambi kwakhe. Inja ihlala ikulungele ukuhlangana nomnikazi ukuze ikwazi ukuhamba. Uhlangana kahle nezingane nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.

Kepha uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthola le nja, vele ulungele ukuthi ihlala ikhonkotha lapho kudlula khona izimoto nabantu abangabazi abadlula lapho, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Futhi silule kusuka sehluleke.

USvetlana: lesi akusona isilwane nje, leli lilungu lomndeni

Ngesikhathi beqala le nja, abaze bacabange nokuthi izoba yilungu lomndeni wethu eliphelele. Le yinja ekhaliphile futhi ehlakaniphile emhlabeni! Uzinikele kakhulu futhi unothando, futhi enganeni yethu umelusi usengumfana wangempela.

Umvikeli ongcono nonogada kune-maremma akatholakali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akavezi intukuthelo nolaka kubantu bangaphandle, njengoba babhala ngaye. Uma isivakashi esingamenyiwe singena kuleyo ndawo, inja ngeke isikulume ngamazinyo bese iluma umuntu ongayazi, kodwa simane siyibhuqe bese siyibamba kuze kufike umniniyo. Ngesilwane esinjalo, ungalala ngokuthula ebusuku.

Indoda ebukekayo enezinwele ezimhlophe qhwa, imikhuba ebusayo kanye nokugqobhoza ongaba ngumnikazi hhayi umvikeli kuphela, kodwa futhi nomngane othembekile othembekile. Kepha ngalokhu udinga ukwenza imizamo ethile, ngoba ungathola kuphela ukuthembela nokuhlonipha isilwane ngesimo esihle sengqondo, ukunakekelwa nothando.

Indawo yokuhlala efulethini

Kunombono wokuthi i-Maremma-Abruzzi Shepherd Inja ayikwazi ukuhlala efulethini elinyinyekile. Kodwa-ke, isitatimende asilona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Ukuhlala okunjalo kuzoletha ubuncane bokuphazamiseka esilwaneni. Kepha abaniniyo bangagcwala. Ukuphazamiseka okubalulekile kufanele kulindelwe ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, lapho yonke indawo engaphezulu kwendlu imbozwe phansi. Izodala ukungaphatheki kahle futhi iphunga livela engubeni yenja lapho inquma ukuchitheka njengodoti “onephunga”. Ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nokubulala inja kungatholakala ngezansi.

Izindlela Zokulawula Izinja

Ukuhlala efulethini ngeke kudale izinkinga zenja, inqobo nje uma uhamba amabanga amade nokuzilibazisa okucebile. Noma kunjalo, kusazolunga kakhulu abahlala emigwaqweni endaweni yezindiza.

Yimuphi umnikazi ofanele

Le nja ilungele umuntu osebenzayo obheka isimo sakhe somzimba futhi uthanda ukwenza ukuhamba okude noma ama-jogs ekuseni nakusihlwa. Uzojabulela ukuhamba nenkosi yakhe, imvikele ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo itadishe ngokucophelela indawo ezungezile.

Lokhu kuzalaniswa kwenja kungcono ukuthi kungaqali kubantu abanezinkinga zempilo, ngoba uma kwenzeka kuba nokushayisana emgwaqweni nelinye ilungu lomndeni we-canine noma umuntu, kuzoba nzima impela kumuntu ogulayo futhi obuthakathaka ukuthi abambe i-ardor yenja yakhe futhi angamvumeli ukuthi angene empini.

Umnikazi kufanele ukuthi ubalule izimfanelo zobuholi futhi aphikelele futhi azethembe, ukuze le nja ibone kuye uma kungeyena umholi wayo, khona-ke okungenani alingane naye. Izwi lomkhuzi omkhulu, elibekwe kahle lizosiza kuphela ukuqinisa igunya lakho ezinjeni.

Maremma - unogada ogqamile

Lapho wenza imisebenzi yezokuphepha, inja eqeqeshiwe izonikela kuqala ekuvikelweni komnikazi, futhi okwesibili, izogada indawo enikezwe yona.

Umelusi wazi kahle ukuthi bangaki abantu abangaphansi kokunakekelwa kwakhe isikhashana, ngakho-ke, uma, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ehamba, enye yezingane ilala ngemuva kweqembu noma elahlekile ukuthi ingaboni, i-maremma ngeke ikhule kuze kube yilapho ibala likhuphukile.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uMelusi wase-Italy uMelmma unezibuyekezo ezinhle kakhulu njengonogada bomzimba. Kunzima kakhulu kubathumbi ukuba basondele kumuntu uma kukhona i-maremma eduzane. UMelusi wase-Italy (izithombe zikuqinisekisa lokhu) ubukeka kahle, ngenkathi uvusa ukwesaba nenhlonipho.

Umhlobo unezimpawu zangaphakathi zomthwalo wemfanelo nobuqotho, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuhle endaweni entsha.

Izimo zokuhlala nezindlu

Lokhu kuzalaniswa kwenja akuzizwa kuhle efulethini. Ubukhulu bayo, kanye nezici zejazi zenza lo mcimbi ube nzima impela futhi ngokwengxenye ungathandeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inja ebusuku izokuzwela kakhulu ukunyakaza komakhelwane bakho ngaphandle kwezindonga nokunye ukubonakaliswa kwempilo yabo.

Funda nokuthi ungayenza kanjani idokodo kanye ne-aviary yenja yakho. Indawo ekahle yenja yindlu yezwe. Ukuba khona kwesikhala esikhulu, esilinganiselwe, samahhala kuzoba nomthelela ekukhuleni okuhle kwesilwane sakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inja izohlala isebhizinisini, izokwazi ukubona amandla ayo okuvikela, okuthi uma igcinwa eflethini ledolobha kungamane kungenelele.

Umshado wase-Italy

Akukho mininingwane ethembekile ngokubonakala kwale nja, kepha inhlangano yezomnotho yase-Italy yathatha ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlobo emuva ngo-30s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Umshado wase-Italy uyinja yokuzingela enomusa nenobuhlakani engakulungele ukuqapha indlu, ngenxa yomusa omkhulu nobungani. Ilukuluku lakhe alazi lutho. Isilwane asikwazi neze ukuma isizungu nokunganakwa. Isisindo sabo sifinyelela ku-25-40 kg, ukuphakama okungama-58-67 cm.

Ukuphakamisa Inja Yomalusi Omhlophe

IMaremma idinga okukhulu ukukwenza. Ngasikhathi sinye, izimfanelo zabafuduki zivezwa zikhanya ngokweqile, futhi kulula kakhulu ukulawula abantu ababili. Imvamisa izinja zifunda komunye nomunye amakhono awusizo, zincintisana ngekhwalithi yokubulawa.

Lapho beqeqeshwa, kufanele bakhuthazwe kakhulu. UMaremma ngeke ayikhiphe ngokungapheli imiyalo efanayo uma engaboni iphuzu. Ngeke akhohlwe amakhono atholakele, futhi uzokwamukela imisebenzi emisha ngentokozo.

Ngeke alethe ibhola noma anamathele kumuntu omdala. Okunye ukuthi ingane. Inja izomjabulisa ngenjabulo ngomsebenzi onjalo. Ngokuvamile, i-maremma ikhombisa uthando olukhulu nokubekezela ezinganeni, ikuvumela ukuba idlale ngokwayo futhi ifinyelele ngazo zonke izindlela ezingakhona.

Uma izingane ziqala ukuxabana nokulwa, izinja ngayo yonke indlela engenzeka zilwele ukuzola nokuzihlukanisa. Kulokhu, azikho izigameko zokulunywa kwezingane ezirekhodiwe, i.e. Izinja ezingamalusi zingabhekwa ngokuphephile njengamantongomane amahle.

UMaremma ngeke avume ukulamelwa nodlame kuye njengezinyathelo zemfundo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngale ndlela ungacindezela inja kude, ngemuva kwalokho kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthola igunya nokuzethemba.Awukwazi futhi ukubeka umalusi wase-Italy emaketangeni noma endizeni - lokhu kuzodala ukwenqatshwa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwesilwane.

Wool

Izinwele ezinde ezimhlophe zingenye yezinkinga eziphambili ezizodala inkathazo enkulu kubanini beMaremma. Impela, muhle ngokubukeka, kuzoba ngokoqobo yonke indawo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, esivame ukuhlala inyanga futhi kuqala ukuqala kwentwasahlobo. Ukuhlanganisa izinwele kufanele kwenziwe njalo, kungabi ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto. Ungasebenzisa i-furminator yalokhu.

Kumele futhi kuqapheleke ukuthi uma umndeni wakho ubonakala ngenxa yothuli lwendlu, i-fluff, izimpaphe zezinyoni noma ukuba khona kwezifo ezifana ne-asthma ye-bronchial noma i-bronchitis engapheli, kungaba yingozi impela ukuba nesilwane esinjalo, ngoba ijazi laso lingavusa ukwanda idatha yezinqubo ze-pathological noma ukuvela kokuhlaselwa kwe-allergic.

Izindlebe, amehlo, amazinyo, izinzipho.

Izindlebe zale nja ziyindawo enenkinga kunalokho, ikakhulukazi uma zingatshaliwe. Njengoba belengisa futhi bemboza njalo umnyango wokungena emgodini wamanzi, ingozi yokuthola izifo ezahlukahlukene zezindlebe iyanda. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza umoya omncane ojwayelekile ngokulungisa izindlebe ngemuva kwekhanda nge-band elastic. Ungasebenzisa futhi izimpuphu ezikhethekile ze-antibacterial.

ILagotto Romagnolo

Ukuqalwa kokuqala kokuzala kuzalwa ngekhulu le-16. I-Lagotto-romagnolo yayisetshenziselwa ukuzingela emanzini, ngoba lesi silwane sinamanzi angaphansi kwamanzi angenamanzi. Futhi, ngenxa yephunga labo elimangalisayo, zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola ama-truffles. ILagotto-Romagnolo iyawathanda wonke amalungu omndeni, kepha iphatha abantu abangabazi ngezinga elithile lokusolwa. Ukuphakama kwawo kungama-43-48 cm, isisindo esingu-13-16-16 kg.

Volpino italiano

Uma ubona i-Spitz phambi kwakho, ungagijimisi ukuzitusa ngolwazi lwakho olubanzi lwe-cynology, ngoba ungabona iVolpino Italiano phambi kwakho. Ukuhunyushwa okungokoqobo kwegama lalokhu kuzalaniswa kwenja yase-Italy kusho "impungushe encane yase-Italy." Ngaphandle, lohlobo lufana ne-German spitz nePomeranian lulu. Njengazo zonke izinja ezincane, ihlukaniswa yibhaka elikhulu, amandla nobungqabavu.

Lawa maNtaliyane amancane aluhlaza alungele kahle ukugcinwa kwamadolobha, amandla angalawulwa emzimbeni omncane kangako asheshe aphele futhi i-volpito ekhaya iyokuthokozela kakhulu ukulala embhedeni, kuthathe uthando lomnikazi nokulungiselela ukuhamba okuzayo.

Ukuphakama kwamamadoda kufinyelela kuma-30cm, kube nesisindo esingama-kilogramu ayi-4,5. Lokhu akuyona inja ephaketheni impela, noma kunjalo ilula ngokwemibandela yasekhaya.

Izinwele ezinde ze-Fluffy zidinga ukuhlanganiswa kweviki, ubuhle bezinja buzoya ngokuqondile ukuthi singakanani isikhathi esichithwa ngumniniyo esilwaneni sakhe.

Manje ukuzalanisa akuthandeki kakhulu futhi sekusondele ukuqothulwa, umphakathi wase-Italy wezomnotho njengamanje ulwela ukuvuselelwa kohlobo lokuzala.

OKUFANELE UKUTHANDA: I-Volpino, yize inesizotha, iyisivikeli esihle, izinikele emndenini futhi ihlangana kahle nayo yonke imindeni.

IsiBolognese

Enye yezinja zasendlini ezizinikele kakhulu i-lapdog. Ama-lapdog ase-Italy abonakala ngomlingiswa ozolile, akacasuki futhi anolaka ukwedlula abafowabo ngokubukeka kweBichon. Imvuthuluka yoboya ithambile, idinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Ukuhamba esikhathini se-offseason nasebusika kunconywa ukugqoka ama-capes.

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ukuzalanisa bekulokhu kudumile phakathi kwezidumo zase-Italy, izithombe ze-bolognese zikhona kuma-tapestries ama-medieval, faience kanye nemidwebo yezikhulu. E-Russia, uCatherine the Great wayephethe inja enjalo, wayinikwa njengesipho.

KUBALULEKILE: umbala wereferensi wama-lapdogs ase-Italy uthathwa njengomhlophe. Kuyadlalwa futhi akuqhathaniswa, isimilo sabo savela ngaphansi kwethonya lezinkantolo, izintandokazi zabesifazane, kepha azithandeki ngokuphelele empilweni yansuku zonke. Noma kunjalo, ama-lapdog amhlophe angabangani abahle ababamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo empilweni yomndeni futhi abazinikele enkosini yabo.

UKUTHENGA: ukwakheka kwejazi kukhulu kangangokuba amabele ahlukaniswa njenge-hypoallergenic.

I-spinon yase-Italy

Umlando wohlobo lokuzala ususela emuva e-Italy yezikhathi zakudala. I-spinon yase-Italiya iyinja ethandwa kakhulu yokuzingela yase-Italy cishe engaziwa ngaphandle kwezwe. Ukufudumala kwe-spinon kuhambisana ngokuphelele nokubukeka kwayo. Le yinja enemisipha futhi enkulu enomlingiswa womuntu olwa nokulwa. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-spinon yase-Italiya ayiyona indathane yokukhohlisa futhi nokudlala nezingane. Ukuphakama kwabo kungama-60-70 cm, isisindo - 32-37 kg.

Umhlanga Corso

I-Cane Corso iyi-100% yezinhlobo zezinja zase-Italy. Igama lohlobo luhunyushelwa olimini lwesiLatini ngokuthi umvikeli. Kukholelwa ukuthi amaCane Corso ayinzalo yenja yokuqapha, ekhonjiswa emathuneni asendulo aseRoma. Uhlobo olungeluhle ngokuphelele lwesilwane luyashintshana ngokulwa komoya. Isilwane esinezinyawo ezine sibona njengomnikazi womuntu oyedwa kuphela. Lesi sici sokuzalela kufanele sibhekwe ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, uma kungenjalo umfuyi wezinja ongenalwazi uzothola izinkinga eziningi ezingenasidingo. Ukuphakama kwawo kungama-64-68 cm, isisindo esingu-45-50 kg.

Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi

Ngokuvamile, umalusi onjalo akunzima kakhulu ukukhulisa. Ubuye azwane kahle nezingane, bekungekho zinkinga. Ngaphambi kokuthola isilwane esinjalo, kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa. Umhlambi uzolile futhi uzimele. Inja ngeke ijabule ngokunakwa njalo. Uma udinga isilwane esizomaka, maremma akuyona inketho yakho.

Umuhle, uhlakaniphile, uzolile futhi uyabekezelela - konke lokhu kumayelana neMaremma. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, ngifunde ukubukeza okuningi mayelana nenkani nobunzima ngokuqeqeshwa, kodwa empeleni kwakungekho okunje. Mhlawumbe ngithole umfuyi omuhle. Okubi kuphela ukuthi angikwazi ukubekezelela ulaka lapho kufika izivakashi. Ngihlela ukufuna usizo kumphathi wezinja.