I-Risovka noma iJavanese Sparrow * Ama-vertebrates

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Umzimba wale nyoni unobude obungamasentimitha ayi-14. Amaphekula emqaleni kanye nomqhele wawo kumnyama. Izimpaphe esifubeni nasemzimbeni ophezulu zingwevu mpunga.

Esihlathini somdwebo kunezindawo ezinkulu impela zombala omhlophe. Uqhwaku lwenyoni lukhulu futhi lunamandla. Ngaphansi nangaphezulu komlomo kunombala obomvu obukhulu, oqubuzela kancane emaphethelweni. Ingaphezulu lomlomo limhlophe.

Amehlo ansundu azungezwe yindandatho ebomvu ebomvu. I-Rice dimorphism empeleni ayikho. Umehluko kuphela phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane ukuthi uyacula.

Izinyoni ezincane ngokubukeka zihlukile ngandlela thile kubantu abadala. Imizimba yabo ephansi i-grey-yellow, kanti ingxenye engenhla ingwevu emnyama. Izinyawo zemidwebo emincane zipendiwe ngombala wenyama, umphetho wejwidi ungwevu ophuzi, kanti uqhwaku lumnyama.

Indawo yokuhlala yelayisi

Namuhla, ilayisi selisakaze ngaphesheya kwesiqhingi saseBali, iJava neBavean, futhi litholakala emazweni amaningi esifundeni sezulu esishisayo, kanye naseMadras, eCalcutta, eMiami, eHong Kong, eBangkok.

Amarayisi ahlala eHawaii, eSumatra, eMalaysia, eMoluccas, ePhilippines, eFiji, eVanua Levu, eViti Levu, eTaiwan naseningizimu ye-Indochina. Futhi, le nyoni itholakala eSt. Helena, eZanzibar nasogwini lwase-East Africa.

Indlela yokuphila kanye nokudla kweJavanese Sparrow

AmaRisovki ahlala emasimini atshaliwe kanye namahlathi akhanyayo anotshani obukhulu.

Imvamisa le nyoni ihlala eceleni kwemigwaqo nangaphandle kwemizana.

IRisovka idla ikakhulu okusanhlamvu nembewu yezitshalo ezi-herbaceous. Ngalesi sizathu, ilayisi kwezinye izindawo libhekwa njengezinambuzane.

Imidwebo ingandiza emihlambini emikhulu iye emasimini erayisi, ichithe izitshalo. Ekuthunjweni, imbewu ye-canary, i-oatmeal, zonke izinhlobo zezinhlamvu, imbewu ye-hemp nelayisi zisebenza njengokudla kokudweba. Uma kungenzeka, inyoni kufanele inikezwe ama-panicles erayisi angenasisekelo. Uma lokhu kungenzekanga, ubisi lwerayisi noma inyama ekhethiwe kuxutshwa ekudleni kwezinyoni. Ukudla kwansuku zonke komdwebo kungamapuni we-1.5 - 2 we -xube wezinhlamvu.

Ukusakazwa Kwelayisi

Lezi zinyoni zakha isidleke kwizinto zokwenziwa ezinjengotshani, utshani, iziqu zezitshalo ngisho nezimpaphe. Ekwakheni isidleke, owesilisa nowesilisa bahlanganyela. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa isidleke, owesilisa uyaphazamiseka ngezikhathi ezithile, aqale ukucula iculo lakhe elilula.

Ku-clutch eyodwa, kukhona amaqanda amane kuya kwayi-6, igobolondo lawo lidwetshwe mhlophe.

Bobabili abazali bavame ukufakwa emini. Ebusuku, insikazi iyashisisa, owesilisa ulala ndawana thize egatsheni eliseduze nesidleke.

Isikhathi sokufakelwa sithatha cishe amasonto amabili .. Imikhaza izalwa iyimpumputhe futhi inesikhumba esibomvana ngaphandle kwamapayipi.

Cishe ngokushesha nje kokuvela kwazo, amaphuphu aqala ukukhinyabeza, efuna ukudla. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba yishumi, amaphuphu ayakwazi ukubona, kuthi ngemuva kwamasonto amabili izimpaphe zawo ziqale ukuqhuma. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, amaphuphu asevele enamakhanda, futhi sekuphele inyanga avele, aqala ukuphuma esidlekeni, abuyele kulo kuphela ebusuku. Ngemuva kwalokhu, abazali bayaqhubeka bondla inzalo ngamanye amasonto amabili, emva kwalokho amachwane azimele.

I-Risovka, noma iJavanese Sparrow (Padda oryzivora)

Umlayezo oksimara Okthoba 17, 2012 08:18

Umlando weRice Amadina

Umdwebo (Padda oryzivora) - I-Amadin yase-Asia eyaziwa kakhulu futhi enkulu kunazo zonke. Le nyoni iyilungu lomndeni wakwa-Astrilde, ongowokuhleleka kwama-passerines, futhi inamagama amaningana: undlunkulu waseJavanese, umlondolozi welayisi, amadayisi erayisi. Imidwebo ngosayizi wendwangu noma udondolo lwensimu.

Ilayisi lowesilisa nowesifazane lipendiwe okufanayo. Ikhanda, umphimbo, i-naduhvy, izembozo zomsila nomsila zimnyama. Izinhlangothi zekhanda ngaphansi kwamehlo ("izihlathi") zimhlophe, kufana ne-tit enkulu. Amehlo anombala obomvu azungezwe, njengezindandatho, ngamehlo abomvu ansundu. Uqhwaku olunamandla nolugqinsi lubukeka luhle kakhulu: lubomvu-bomvana ophansi futhi lupinki-mhlophe ezinhlangothini kuya empini. Isilinganiselo saso sibushelelezi, njengokungathi senziwe sapholiwe, futhi sinamakhanya amangalisayo we-wax. Akhule kahle, imilenze eqinile ipinki. Ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba nesifuba ngimpunga ngombala omnyama, ingxenye engezansi yomzimba iluhlaza okukhanyayo ngombala onsomi opinki. Izembozo zomsila ezingaphansi nomsila ophansi zimhlophe. Umbala onjalo ezinyangeni "zasendle", umbala wemvelo. Ngenqubo yokuzalanisa lolu hlobo, kutholwe imidwebo emhlophe kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yimabula (enekhanda le-pinto kanye namabala amabala osayizi abehlukene).

Igama lesayensi le-irayisi amadina libaluleke kakhulu: eChina, igama elithi "padda" lisho insimu yelayisi, irayisi engathululwanga, ne-Latin "oryzivora" isho "odla irayisi."

Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo irayisi iziqhingi zaseJava naseBali. Ekuqaleni, lezi zinyoni zazihlala emahlathini ezinkuni futhi emathafeni aphezulu otshani anamakhethini ezihlahla nezihlahla. Esikhathini sethu, ilayisi ingahlangatshezwa kude kakhulu kwezindawo zokuqala zokusatshalaliswa kwazo. "Bahamba" nomuntu. Izinyoni ezindiza ngengozi ezinkanjini zazo noma ezikhishwe ngokukhethekile zikwazile ukuthuthukisa izindawo ezintsha. Bahlala ngokushesha ezindaweni ezakhiwa ngabantu ukulinyelwa kwamahlathi erayisi. Ikakhulu undlunkulu abaningi baseJavanese ezindaweni ezikhula ilayisi zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseziqhingini zase-Oceania.

UBernstein uyabhala: “Njengondlunkulu wethu wase-Yurobhu, ukudweba kuhlala kuphela ezindaweni zamasiko futhi kungenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu lapho. Ngesikhathi lapho amasimu erayisi embozwe ngamanzi, i.e. enkathini kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi nango-Ephreli, lapho kuvela irayisi elihlwanyelwe futhi sekusondele isivuno, izihlahla zerayisi zigcinwa ngazimbili noma imindeni emincane engadini, ezihlotsheni nasezihlahleni zasendaweni. Lapha badla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zembewu, izithelo ezincane ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane nezikelemu, okungenani ngangivame ukubabona befuna ukudla emikhondweni yezwe, njll. Lapho, abakwazanga ukuthola okunye, ngaphandle kwalokho, esiswini sabo ngathola izinsalela zokudla kwesilwane esifanayo. Kepha uma nje isivuno selayisi siqala ukujika siphuzi futhi somile ngemuva kokuncipha kwamanzi, izitshalo zerayisi zihamba lapho, kaningi emihlambi emikhulu, futhi zivame ukwenza umonakalo omkhulu kangangokuba abomdabu baphendukela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezindlela zokuzixosha. "

UBernstein wathola izidleke zemidwebo eziqongweni zezihlahla, wabe esephakathi kwezitshalo ezihlwabusayo ezimboza iziqu zezihlahla zesundu ze-areng. Ngokuya ngendawo yesidleke, kunamasayizi ahlukahlukene nobukhulu. Yakhelwe ezihlahleni, ingxenye enkulu ngobukhulu futhi icishe ijwayele ukwakheka komhlaba, ibhebhetheka kuphela kusukela ngeziqu zotshani obuhlukahlukene, hhayi elukiwe ngokuqinile kangangokuba sonke isidleke asinawo amandla athile. Ubumbeko bunamaqanda ama-6-8 acwebezelayo.

Incazelo

Umdwebo wobude obungamasentimitha ayi-14. Amapheya omzimba nesifuba engenhla aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umqhele nomphimbo omnyama. Amabala amakhulu amhlophe esihlathini nomlomo onamandla kakhulu. Uqhwaku yimisindo emibili. Izinhlangothi ezingaphezulu nangaphansi zoqhwaku zibomvu ngokuqinile, kanti imingcele yoqhwaku ilula ngombala. nesiqongo saso simhlophe. Amehlo ansundu, azungezwe yindandatho ebomvu ekhanyayo.

Akukho dimorphism ebizwayo. Umehluko kuphela phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa ukuthi owesilisa kuphela uyacula.

I-plumage yomzimba ophezulu wezinyoni ezisencane imnyama grey, ingxenye engezansi yomzimba ingwephuzi ophuzi. Uqhwaku lwabo lumnyama, umphetho wejwabu leso ngimpunga ephuzi. Imilenze inombala wenyama.

Ukusatshalaliswa

URisovka ekuqaleni wayehlala eJava naseBali, kanye naseBavean. Namuhla kutholakala emazweni amaningi ashisayo, kufaka phakathi iCalcutta, iMadras, iHong Kong, iMiami neBangkok, iSumatra, iHawaii, iMoluccas, iMalaysia, kufaka phakathi iSingapore, iziqhingi zaseFiji, iViti Levu neVanua Levu, ePhilippines, eningizimu ye-Indochina naseTaiwan. Abantu bakhona bahlala ogwini lwase-East Africa, eZanzibar naseSt Helena. Ngenkathi izinhlobo zinqabile impela endaweni yazo yokuqala yokusatshalaliswa eJava naseBali, ukusatshalaliswa kwayo, kubonga umuntu, kuqinisekisile ukuqhubeka kwayo njengezinhlobo. Inani lezinhlobo lincishiswe kabuhlungu. Ngesikhathi sokucwaninga kwezindawo ezingama-64 lapho umdwebo uhlala khona, bangu-109 kuphela abantu abatholakala ezindaweni eziyi-17. Isizathu sokwehla kwenani lezinyoni ukuthandwa kokudweba njengenkukhu.

Ukudweba nendoda

IRisovka inyoni yendabuko engaphakathi endlini eyayigcinwe emakhejini nasezindizeni eChina naseJapan emakhulwini eminyaka edlule. Alukaziwa usuku okwabonakala ngalo izinyoni okokuqala eYurophu. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, izinyoni zaqala ukulethwa ngabasolwandle. Udokotela wamazinyo waseFrance uViejo ubachaza ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 njengezinhlobo ezidumile. Izimpawu zokufakwa ezindlini kwezinyoni azikhulunywa njengoba kulindeleke ngemuva kwamakhulu eminyaka okugcinwa e-Asia naseYurophu. Lokhu kungenzeka kungenxa yokuthi ngenxa yokungeniswa okuhlala njalo kwezinyoni ezintsha, ama-nzalo ezinyoni zokuhlobisa anezasendle atholakala. Kodwa-ke, indlela yokuvuza kwezinyoni egcinwe eChina naseJapan emakhulwini eminyaka edlule iyaziwa. Ngokuthakazelisayo, imidwebo emhlophe ikhiqiza kabusha ekudingisweni kalula kakhulu kunezinyoni zombala wemvelo.