Ngaphandle, lezi zilwane zifana kahle namagundane ashubile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izici ezihlukanisayo, ezinjengamehlo amancane amancane atholakala phezulu ekhanda nezindlebe ezicishe zifihlwe ngoboya, zibonisa indlela yokuphila eholayo yalesi siga esingaphansi komhlaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-physique enkulu nekhanda elikhulu, elixhuma ngentamo emnyama futhi emfishane, nazo zingabalingiswa be-morphological. Umsipha we-tuco-tuco unesimo esithambile esithile.

Lezi izinduku zinemilenze nemisipha emifushane, enamabunzi amafushane kancanyana kunezimbambo zangemuva, kepha izindwani ezinamandla ezisembeni zikhula kakhulu. Unyawo lumbozwe ngezinwele ezilukhuni ezifana ne-bristles. Ngenxa yemisinga, unyawo lunyuka, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ugeza uboya, ama-bristles enza imisebenzi yekamu.

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Umsila omfishane omfishane futhi umbozwe ngezinwele ezi-sparse. Uboya obusemzimbeni wale mpunga bungakhanya - noma bumnyama - bube nsundu, buphinde bube bumpunga - baphuzi noma bumnyama - baphuzi. Kunezimbhangqwana ezintathu zezingono esiswini se-tuco-tuco yabesifazane. Kunamazinyo angama-20 emlonyeni wale pente.

Isisindo somuntu omdala singashiyana kusuka ku-200 kuya ku-700 amagremu. Ekugcineni, lezi zilwane zingakhula zibe ngu-25 cm, nomsila wazo ufike ku-11 cm.

Ukubukeka

Ama-rodices amancane, osisindo sawo sifinyelela ku-700 g. Ubude bomzimba ngo-17-25 cm, umsila ngo-6-8 cm. Izimpawu zomzimba zibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokuqina kwendlela yokuphila engaphansi komhlaba. ITuco-tuco inomzimba osindayo, omkhulu, inhloko enkulu entanyeni emfishane, eminyene. Isizalo sithotshisiwe ngandlela thile. Amehlo mancane, asendaweni ephezulu ekhanda, ama-auricles ancishiswa kakhulu. Izingalo zimfushane, zinemisipha, futhi izibambo zangaphambili zimfushane kunezikhalo ezingemuva. Izandla nezinyawo zibambene ngezihluthu ezi-5, zihlome ngezihlakala ezinde ezinamandla (zakhiwe ngaphezulu emabunzini). Unyawo luboshwe ngebhulashi lezinwele ezilukhuni ezibunjiwe, ezikhulisa umphezulu walo futhi zisebenza njengekamu lapho kuhlanza uboya. Umsila umfishane, umbozwe izinwele ezimfishane. Izintambo zezinwele eziphakeme ezahlukahlukene nobude. Umbala wayo umnyama noma onsundu okhanyayo, onsomi emnyama ophuzi noma ophuzi omnyama. Insikazi inamabhangqa ama-3 wezingono. Amazinyo angama-20, amakhulu, anamandla angenelele ayimpawu. Ngokuvamile, i-tuco-tuco ifana nama-gophers aseNyakatho Melika, kepha azinayo amaphakethe esihlathini.

Indlela yokuphila

ITuco-tuco ihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishubile zaseNingizimu Melika - isuka eningizimu yePeru naseMato Grosso (eBrazil) iye eTierra del Fuego. Ezintabeni zikhuphuka ziye kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-5000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, zincamela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinentaba, ezingalawulwa. Baqala indlela yokuphila engaphansi komhlaba, bakha izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokudlulisa ezinamakamelo wokudlela, amakhethini namabhilidi. Ukuze kwakhiwe i-tuco-tuco khetha inhlabathi evulekile noma enesihlabathi. I-Water Tuco-Tuco (Ctenomys lewisi) Wakha izimbobo ngasogwini lolwandle futhi, ngokusobala, uhola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini. Bemba i-tuk-tuko ikakhulukazi hhayi nge-paws yabo yangaphambili, kodwa nge-incisors, bese bedonsa umhlaba ngemilenze yabo yangemuva. Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, ama-tuko-tuko asheshe abuye ngobuhlakani abuyele ajule emiseleni emuva - umsila usebenza njengesitho sawo esinobuthi.

I-Tuco-tuco iyasebenza kusihlwa nakusihlwa ekuseni. Imvamisa bahlala emakoloni, ngoba azikho izindawo eziningi zenhlabathi ezifanele iTuco-tuco. Ezimweni ezinhle, abantu abangafika kwabangu-200 bahlala ndawonye esakhiweni esiyi-1 km 2. Kodwa-ke, isilwane esisodwa noma insikazi ekhulayo abasha ivame ukuhlala emgodini owodwa. Bathola igama labo ngenxa yokukhala ngokukhamuluka okukhulu kwe- "tuku-tuku-tuko" noma "tlok-yamanje-tlok" ngesexwayiso ngengozi. Izilwane zidla ikakhulu ngaphansi komhlaba, izingxenye ezinhle zezitshalo neziqu, ezingadonsela phansi komhlaba. I-Tuco-tuco yenza umonakalo othile ezitshalweni nasemasimini, ilimaze izimpande zezitshalo ezitshaliwe.

Phakathi nonyaka, insikazi ivame ukuba nelitha elilodwa lama-1-5 cm. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-103 ukuya ku-60. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zikhule kahle, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zikwazi ukuguqula ubisi lwazo lokudla ngokudla kwezitshalo. Eminyakeni ecishe ibe unyaka, baba abavuthiwe ngokobulili. Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka emithathu.

Uhlu lwezinhlobo

Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-38 zihlangene emndenini. AmaCtenomys. Izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zohlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo zenziwa lula ngemvelo yobubanzi - ebuningini bezindawo zayo ezingabahlali bodwa. Izicucu ezisele zidlulisela ukwenzeka kwezigundane ezilahliwe kuPliocene yasekuqaleni. Ngokusobala, izihlobo eziseduzane kakhulu ze-crest-mouse ziyimichilo evela emndenini wamazinyo ayisishiyagalombili.

I-Tuco-tuco umsoco

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwalezi zilwane izingxenye ezingaphansi komhlaba zezitshalo, ezinoshukela omningi. Ngakho-ke, ohlelweni lokudla izinduku, ungagcini nje ngokwanelisa indlala, kodwa futhi uthole umswakama odingekayo womzimba.

I-Tuco-tuco yizilwane ezi-herbivorous.

Ukuzalela kweTuco-tuco

Ukuhlanganisa izinduku kuqala ngenyanga kaJulayi futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube ngu-Okthoba. Ukukhulelwa ku-tuco-tuco yowesifazane kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-103. Amacuba azalwa kanye ngonyaka. Imvamisa inani lazo kudoti alidluli 5. Amawundlu amancane e-tuco-tuco athuthukiswe kahle futhi, cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa, ayikwazi ukushiya isidleke kuphela, kepha futhi anambitha izingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo. Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zigundane siyiminyaka emithathu.

Lezi izinduku zihlala zidla isidlo sasemini sabantu bendawo.

Izitha Tuco-Tuco

Azikho neze izitha kumagundane ahlanganisiwe ngokwemvelo, kodwa eminyakeni yamuva inani labo lehlile kakhulu. Lokhu kusungulwa yizici ezinjengezifo kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu okuthinta ukugcinwa kokudla.

Kodwa-ke, lezi zilwane futhi zizingelwa izakhamizi zakule ndawo - iPatagonians, ngoba isimo sezomnotho kulezi zindawo asinikezeli ukukhetha inyama eningi.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Uhlobo lwebele: Ctenomys Blainville, 1826 = Tuco-tuco

Amasayizi mancane. Ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-17-25. Ubude bomsila buyi-6-2 cm. Isisindo sesilwane esidala singama-200-700 g Izimpawu ze-morphological zibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokuqina kwendlela yokuphila ephansi. Umzimba usindayo. Ikhanda likhulu, intamo iminyene futhi imfushane. Amehlo amancane abekwe phezulu ekhanda. Ama-auricles ancishiswa kakhulu. Isizalo sithotshisiwe ngandlela thile.

Umzimba ucylindrical. Imilenze ifinqiwe, izicubu zomzimba. Umsila umfishane, uyindilinga esigabeni sesiphambano. Amabhande angaphambili amafushane kancane kunezinyawo ezingemuva. Isandla nonyawo kubanzi, kugcwele emihlanu. Yonke iminwe enezinqe ezinde, ezinamandla, yathuthuka iqine emaphethelweni. ISt opa ihlukaniswe nebhulashi lezinwele ezilukhuni njenge-bristle-like. Umsila umbozwe izinwele ezimfishane ezingasho lutho. Izintambo zezinwele eziphakeme ezahlukahlukene nokuthambile. Umbala wayo umnyama noma onsundu okhanyayo, onsomi emnyama ophuzi noma ophuzi omnyama. Izingono ezi-3 ngazimbili.

I-Skele enesigaba esibanzi sobuso. Izinqubo ze-Postorbital zivame ukuba khona. Amathambo eParietal anamagquma akhule kahle. Imigqomo yokuqopha amathambo inkulu. I-infraorbital foramen ayinaso isiteshi sezinzwa. Amathambo we-Zygomatic ngenqubo enkulu kakhulu, ekhuphukayo. Abasiki banamandla. Izisusa ezingenhla zigobile kancane emuva. Izimpande zezinsizakalo ezingenhla zinweba emuva kakhulu. Amazinyo esihlathi ancwetshwe phezulu, phezulu, udonga lwangaphakathi loqweqwe lwawo alukho. I-molar yokugcina yemihlathi engenhla nengaphansi incane.

Ama-chromosomes kudiploid asethelwe kusuka ku-26 ngo-C. Opimus, angama-36 ku-C. magella-nicus, aze afike ku-48 ku-C. talarum kanye no-C. porteousi no-61 ku-C. tuconax.

Sisatshalaliswa eSouth America sisuka eSouth Peru naseMato Grosso, eBrazil, eningizimu eTierra del Fuego.

Imvamisa bahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishubile. Zikhuphuka ezintabeni ziye kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-5 000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, zincamela izindawo eziphakemeyo ezingenasisekelo ezintabeni ezahlukahlukene. Bahola ikakhulukazi indlela yokuphila engaphansi komhlaba. Inhlabathi evulekile noma enesihlabathi ivame ukukhethwa, yize itholakala ezinhlobonhlobo zenhlabathi enomswakama ohlukahlukene. I-tuco-tuco yamanzi yakha izimbobo ngasogwini lwemifudlana, futhi, ngokusobala, ihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini.

Iyasebenza kusihlwa nasekuseni ekuseni. Akuvamile ukuba ufike ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukumba • uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezimbobo ezingaphansi komhlaba ezixhumana negumbi eliphakathi nendawo lokudlela. Kunamakhamera wokuthenga ukudla. Inhlabathi idonswa izimbobo ngaphandle kwezindawo ezingemuva. Bondla ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezingxenye ezingaphansi komhlaba, ezinamanzi. Ukukhamuluka okukhulu kuyinto ebonakala ngathi: "tuku-tuku-tuko" noma "tlok-yamanje-tlok". Phakathi nonyaka, imvamisa kukhona ilitha elilodwa lama-1-5. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-103 ukuya ku-60.

E-Uruguay, isikhathi sokuzalela siba ngoJulayi - Okthoba. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zikhule kahle. Ku-C. peruanus, amawundlu cishe ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuzalwa ayakwazi ukuphuma esidlekeni ayondle ezingxenyeni eziluhlaza zezitshalo. Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka emithathu. Muva nje, inani le-tuco-tuco lehle kakhulu.

Emndenini kukhona uhlobo olungu-1: tuco-tuco - Ctenomys de Blainville, 1826, kanye nezinhlobo ezingama-27.