I-Perch ephuzi | |||||||||
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I-Perch ephuzi | |||||||||
ngezigaba Scientific | |||||||||
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Igama yezesayensi International | |||||||||
I-Perca flavescens (Mitchill, 1814) perch Yellow, noma i-american bass (Lat. Perca flavescens), uwuhlobo fresh-amanzi izinhlanzi ray-finned emndenini perch (Percidae) perch-like oda (Perciformes). Ngokuvamile kufana ne-river perch (I-Perca fluviatilis), Kodwa sehlukile ke ngobukhulu ezincane, umlomo ebanzi futhi ephuzi, kunokuba caudal obomvu, anal kanye ventral amaphiko. Lolu hlobo lusondelene nangokwasondelene nomfula ngasolwandle kangangokuba abanye abacwaningi balubheka njengolulandelayo, I-Perca fluviatilis flavescens. I nokuzwelana yalezi Uhlobo nalo kuqinisekiswa yokuthi, lapho hybridized, ungakwazi sizale iphila futhi ekhula ngokushesha. UkubukekaUbude bokhozi lwendlovu endala buqala ku-10 kuye ku-25 cm, futhi isisindo sayo bufika ku-500 g. Umlando womlando obhaliwe uyisisindo esingu-1.91 kg, owabanjwa ngo-1865 eDelaware River (USA). Abesifazane abadala bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesilisa. It is ababethi amathoni ophuzi: ngemuva is aluhlaza, ekutheni ajwayele ushintsho kwezinye imiphakathi ukuze brown yegolide, izinhlangothi aphuzi, ophuzi noma ithusi-oluhlaza, nge 6-9 mpo amnyama imivimbo, sesisu omhlophe noma (ngezikhathi ezithile) ukukhanya okuphuzi . Emadodeni, phakathi kokusakazeka, umbala uyakhanya, kanti amaphini we-anal ne-ventral okwesikhashana athola umbala obomvu we-orange. NgoLwesine kutholakale isidumbu sendoda perch ophuzi kuyinto okusaqanda esigabeni cross, i-lateral line ithatha 57-62 izikali, fin amaphiko iqukethe 12-13 ray, kanye anal fin 7-8. Ikhanda ligaxekile kancane ngemuva kwamehlo, linikeza umbono wokuthi siyindlebe, izihlathi zimbozwe ngemigqa engu-8-10 yezikali eziphakeme. UkubhebhethekaLolu hlobo luvame eNyakatho Melika ukusuka enyakatho-mpumalanga yeCanada kuya enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-United States, ngokusebenzisa iCentral Laseningizimu neCanada, esifundeni iGreat Lakes, esifundeni saseSouth Carolina e-United States. Futhi, lolu hlobo isilusingathile abantu e ntshonalanga ye-United States futhi eBritish Columbia entshonalanga yeCanada. I-Yellow perch iyizinhlobo ezivumelana nezemvelo eziguqukayo: ihlala emifuleni egeleza ngokushesha nasemachibini amile nasolwandle, nokho, nomaphi lapho izama khona ukuhlala phakathi kwezimila zasemanzini. Ushaka omhlopheWonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ushaka omhlophe omkhulu, kodwa kuphela azi ezimbalwa ukuthi unakho elinye igama, okungukuthi Karharodon. Akuyona kuphela ushaka omkhulu kunayo yonke, kodwa futhi kunegazi elinamandla kakhulu kubo bonke abamele lolu hlobo lobuciko. Umuntu omdala angakhula aze afike kumamitha ayi-8. Abaningi ucingo ke "ukufa elimhlophe" ngoba lezi ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane ngokuvamile kakhulu ukuhlasela ababhukudi. Ama-anchoviesI-Anchovy iyinhlanzi encane yasolwandle etholayo, i-herring, inenyama enamafutha kancane nokunambitheka okuthile okufana nesardin. It ifinyelela ubude 20 cm, nesisindo-190 amagremu. Indawo yokuhlala kwama-anchovies ulwandle namanzi amasha okushisa okushisayo nezindawo ezishisayo, kufaka phakathi uLwandle Olumnyama, uLwandle i-Azov nolwandle lwaseJapan. Ezindaweni lapho kukhishwa ama-anchovies kudliwa okusha, kwaziwa kabanzi ngesimo se-canned. Mullet (Sultanka)Uhlobo lwenhlanzi oluqhamuka emndenini wesigubhu. Ingafinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-45. Imicu emide emibili ende elengiswe esiqeshini sembobo obomvu iyasebenza ukuvusa isihlabathi solwandle nokukhiqiza ukudla. Izinhlanzi uhlala Black, Mediterranean, Azov ezilwandle, kanye ePacific nasolwandle Indian. Ukunambitha i-mullet gourmet nenhlanzi ezintekenteke, inyama inokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Uyabaluleka futhi ngamafutha akhe akhethekile, agcwele ngawo. Kuyinto emnene kakhulu, yasekuqaleni ukunambitheka kanye has a iphunga elihle. ChubIzinhlanzi zomndeni we-carp. It ifinyelela ubude 80 cm kanye nenqwaba 5 kg noma ngaphezulu. Sitholakala emifuleni nge fast and ukugeleza amaphakathi, ukungazwani, amachibi namanzi sasivumela abandayo. I-chub iphumula endaweni eyi-rapid - ngaphansi kweziqhekeza, ngemuva kwemigwaqo yamatshe, ngaphansi kwezingodo ezigqinsiwe, amasango, izihlahla ezigcwele kakhulu nezihlahla, iqoqa izinambuzane eziwele emanzini, zithanda izimbali zezulu. Ihlukaniswa yinhloko eyindilinga ebanzi, ebanzi, futhi egqinsiwe (okuyigama layo), umzimba ocishe ube yisilinda kanye nezikali eziwugqinsi. Ngemuva chub kuyinto aluhlaza, cishe abamnyama, Emaceleni kukhona silvery ephethe tinge aphuzi. I-chub idla izinambuzane zasemoyeni, izingane ezinsonsathi, izinhlanzi namasele. I-pink salmoninhlanzi Salmon umndeni. Igama lesibili lale nhlanzi yi-pink salmon. DoradoIzinhlanzi zomndeni we-pair, ezisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo nezingaphansi komhlaba wonke olwandle kanye nolwandle olusondele. Ungowomndeni we-perch futhi uyisihlobo esiseduzane kakhulu ku-perch. Igama linikezwe i-ruff ngoba walimaza wonke amaphiko akhe lapho ezwa ingozi. It kungokwalabo ezihlukahlukene perch inhlanzi, soft futhi prickly, amaphiko benziwe olulodwa. Umzimba we-ruff umfushane, mncane, uthambile ezinhlangothini zawo. I-squishy ruff incane kakhulu. Isikhumba iqukethe semali isikhwehlela. Inhlanzi eyikatiFish we Anarhichadiae izinhlanzi zasolwandle umndeni ukuze eshaywayo, okuyinto bahlala emanzini esenyakatho Atlantic nePacific, lapho izinga lokushisa kwamanzi aliphumi ngenhla degrees 14. I-acne catfish itholakala ogwini lwaseNyakatho Melika, isuka eCalifornia iye e-Alaska, i-Far Eastern catfish ijwayelekile enyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific Ocean, i-catfish eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (noma "umfokazi") ingatholakala enyakatho yolwandle i-Atlantic Ocean. ngasogwini lwaseNgilandi nase-Ireland (akuvamile eGulf of Finland). UlweI-Flounder - izinhlanzi zasolwandle, okungezomndeni ka-flatfish. Umzimba ophathwe ngokuqinile, kanye namehlo asohlangothini olunye lwenhlanzi, umehluko wayo oyinhloko ezimbili. Amehlo avame ohlangothini lwesokudla. Umzimba wefounder ubukeka ungafani nombala ophindwe kabili: uhlangothi olunamehlo lumdaka ngombala onendawo ephuzi e-orange, kuthi lowo "oyimpumputhe" mhlophe, akanamabala amnyama. I-Flounder idla ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi ezingaphansi. Ngo lokubanjwa kwezohwebo, ubude bayo isilinganiso ifinyelela 35-40 cm. I ukuvundisa omdala flounders amabanga emakhulwini ezinkulungwane ukuba amaqanda abayizigidi eziyishumi. CrucianI-Crucian carp yinhlanzi yomndeni we-carp. Fin amaphiko lide, namazinyo pharyngeal awushadile-irowu. Umzimba mude ngomhlane obukhulu, ocindezelwe ngokulinganayo kamuva. Isikali sikhulu futhi sibushelelezi ekuthinteni. Umbala kuyahlukana ngokuya ndawo. I-Goldfish ingafinyelela ubude bomzimba obungaphezu kwama-50 cm nesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amathathu, i-crucian carp - imvamisa ubude bawo buyi-40 cm nesisindo esifinyelela kuma-2 kg, nokho, abantu abatholwa bude bufika ku-60 cm futhi bunesisindo esingama-7,8 kg, kuya ngendawo nendawo ukondla izinhlanzi. carp Golden ifinyelela ekuthombeni ngonyaka 3-4th. Ihluma entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, amaqanda (afinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-300) afakwa ezitshalweni. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibuhlungu, ama-crucians awela ekubandakanyeni, ngenkathi ebekezelela ukuqanda ngokuphelele kwe-reservoir kuya ezansi. Carp kancane like a crucian, ikakhulukazi esemncane. Kepha njengoba bekhula, umehluko ubonakala ngokwengeziwe - i-carp ikhulu, ibanzi futhi ibe yinde. I-Carp yabantu abadala inesimo se-cylindrical. Izindebe zifana bream, uqweqwe asebenzayo. Umbala we-carp yomfula muhle kakhulu - izikali ziyigolide elimnyama, imvamisa ine-tint eblue eduze kwe-Fin, negolide elincane elingezansi. I-Fin ibanzi futhi ilula wonke emuva. Umsila we-carp simnyama obomvu, futhi amaphiko aphansi ngokuvamile amnyama onsomi. IKeta yinhlanzi ebomvu efudukayo evele kanye empilweni; ngemuva kokuswayeka ifela endleleni ebuyela emuva. Iningi le-salmon e-chum lavela eminyakeni engu-4 kuye kwayi-6. I-MulletMullet kuyinto (amasentimitha angaba ngu-60) encane inhlanzi commercial bohlobo lwe-Mugilidae, elihlala ikakhulukazi yasolwandle amanzi brackish kuzo zonke izilwandle ezishisayo efudumele, nezinhlobo eziningana mullet atholakala amanzi aqabulayo ezishisayo zaseMelika, Madagascar, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, e-Australia naseNew Zealand. E-USA, lapho i-mullet ibanjwa ikakhulu ogwini lwaseFlorida, izinhlobo zayo ezimbili zivame kakhulu: umucu onemigqa, eRussia ubizwa ngokuthi i-loban, ne-mullet emhlophe. USmangeleAphele kuyinto izinhlanzi omkhaya salmon, okuyinto has a umlomo kunalokho enkulu, umhlathi eside ephansi, namazinyo eziningi futhi ezinkulu futhi izikali ibuthaka, le amaphiko fin iqala hhayi phambi amaphiko ventral, efana whitefish futhi Grayling, kodwa ngemuva, i-lateral line akuphelele. Zombili izinhlanzi zihlukile komunye nomunye cishe ngosayizi kuphela, futhi zingezinhlobo ezifanayo. RuddOmunye zezintaka ezihlala emanzini angenawo usawoti omkhaya Karpov, oda cyprinids. Kubhekwa njengenhlanzi evame kakhulu echibini, njengoba itholakala yonke indawo, ngaphezu kwamachibi amadala kakhulu kunawo wonke. U-Lin ukuphela kwelungu lohlobo Tinca. Ukwelashile kakhulu futhi akasebenzi. I-Tench ikhula kancane kancane futhi kaningi inamathela phansi. ihlala kuyinto ogwini. I-Tench akuyona nje igama, iyisici, ngoba le nhlanzi yaqanjwa kanjalo ngenxa yamandla okushintsha umbala lapho ivezwa emoyeni. Kunjengokungathi kuncibilika, isembozo esimboza umsundu siqala ukuba mnyama, bese kuvela amabala amnyama emzimbeni. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, lokhu isikhwehlela exfoliates, futhi kule ndawo izindawo aphuzi ukuvela. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi emhlabeni kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezithathwe ngokuhlobisa - ishumi legolide. inhlanzi Family. Ukuhamba nge-bream njalo kufana nomhlambi wama-goose asendle aholwa ngumholi onolwazi. Uhlobo lwenhlanziIdume kakhulu phakathi kwama-gourlines ama-gastronomic emhlabeni jikelele. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kakade Ephakathi, salmon yayidumile ku European, abantu baseScotland beSonto futhi osogwini olusenyakatho-Australia ezaziwayo. Kwakuphekwe ehlobo futhi komile futhi kubhema ubusika. Kuthiwa akukho lutho oluhle ukwedlula ukunambitheka kwesalimoni yasendle, kepha ama-salmon apulisiwe ayabiza kakhulu ngakho-ke atholakalayo ngentengiso engaphezulu. salmon zasendle iyatholakala kusuka February kuya Agasti, lapho ungakwazi ukuthenga njengoba ipulazi-esekhulile unyaka wonke. LufarU-Lufar ukuphela komuntu omelele umndeni we-Lufarean perciform oda. Umzimba side (kufika ku 115 cm), onomfutho singatsheki, ukala kufika ku-15 kg. Isikali cycloid. IBluefin itholakala olwandle olushisayo nolushisayo, izinhlanzi zomhlambi, e-USSR - oLwandle oluMnyama nolwe-Azov. Kwenza Ukuthuthwa abalulekile kwesizini. Ukuqothuka kwenxalenye, ehlobo. I-celaar celaar, ukuzala kusuka kumaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu kuya kwesigidi. Predator, odla inhlanzi, anchovies nezinye izinhlanzi. Into yokudoba. IMackerelLena inhlanzi kusukela emndenini. i-mackerel. Izakhamizi zamazwe akhuluma isiNgisi zibiza i-mackerel mackerel, lokhu kuvame ukudala ukudideka. Izinhlanzi omkhaya mackerel ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngobukhulu - kusukela ngamasentimitha 60 kuya 4.5 amamitha, kodwa wonke umndeni kulezi inhlanzi, kungakhathalekile ubungako bawo, kungokwalabo eziyingozi. PollockIzinhlanzi ezithanda ukubanda zomndeni we-cod, uhlobo lwe-pollock (theragra). Evamile izinhlanzi ama-cod eNyakatho Pacific. Ingenye yezinhlanzi eziphambili zaseRussia. ICapelinA uhlobo aphele atholakala e-Arctic, Atlantic (Atlantic capelin) nePacific (Pacific capelin, noma uek). Ungowomndeni we-salmon, i-capelin iphansi ngosayizi kuma-congeners. Ubude bomzimba we-capelin bufika kuma-22 cm, isisindo bufika ku-65 g. ICapelin inezikali ezincane kakhulu namazinyo amancane. Ngemuva kuyinto lomnqumo ogqamile, izinhlangothi futhi isisu kukhona silvery. Abesilisa bahlukaniswa ubukhona bezinhlangothi zabo zomucu wesikali, ohlangothini ngalunye lwazo kukhona ukufana kwenqwaba. I-Sea bassI-sea bass luhlobo lwezinhlanzi zamathambo, umndeni we-scorpion suborder suborder, ifakwe izidakamizwa ezinobuthi emisebeni ebukhali yamaphini, umjovo wawo obangela ukuvuvukala kwendawo okubuhlungu. IBurbotIBurbot ingukuphela kokumelwa komndeni we-cod ohlala emanzini amasha. Lena nenhlanzi enamafutha abathanda ukuthi iyasebenza ezingeni lokushisa amanzi akukho ephakeme kuka + 10 ° C, ngakho ehlobo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba nibambe. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokubamba i-burbot sibhekwa njengebandayo futhi sinesimo sezulu esibi. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalokhu, i-burbot ayithandwa kangako phakathi kwabadobi. PerchUmndeni wezinhlanzi. Umzimba we-perch u-oblong, ucindezelwe ngokulinganayo kamuva. It ihlanganiswa ne ezincane, izikali ezikubambayo, emaphethelweni awo abe ameva. Kukhona izikali esihlathini. Umlomo ubanzi, emathanjeni esibeletho somlomo kunemigqa eminingana yamazinyo abunjiwe. Cijela spikes zitholakala emaphethelweni posterior we gill izembozo. I-dorsal fin yokuqala inemisebe e-prickly kuphela, elesibili - ithambe kakhulu. Amaphiko we-ventral nawo anemisebe ye-spiny. I-lateral line kuqediwe. Umbala womzimba uluhlaza okotshani ophuzi ngemithende emnyama. Umhlane uluhlaza okotshani, isisu simhlophe. I prickly amaphiko fin kuyinto bluish-osasitini nge ibala elimnyama phezu ulwelwesi phakathi ezimbili zokugcina imisebe. ISturgeonUhlobo lwezinhlanzi zomndeni wama-sturgeon. Amachibi nenhlanzi ezifudukayo, ubude ufinyelela 3 m, futhi nesisindo 200 kg (Baltic Sturgeon). Kunezinhlobo eziyi-16-18, ezinye zazo ezibhalwe kwiNcwadi ebomvu. ISturgeon iboniswa yilezi zici ezilandelayo: imigqa emide yethambo esikalini ayihlanganisi nomunye emsileni, kukhona izimbobo zokufafaza, imisebe yomsila ingena ekugcineni komsila. I-halibutI-halibut kuyinto izinhlanzi ulwe zasolwandle. Isici sale nhlanzi ukuthi womabili amehlo asohlangothini lwesokunene lwekhanda. Umbala wayo uhlukahluka kusuka ku-olive kuya ku-brown brown noma mnyama. Ububanzi isilinganiso i-halibut cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ubude umzimba wayo. Umlomo mkhulu, utholakala ngaphansi kweso eliphansi, umsila unesimo se-crescent.Ubude bendoda endala yalezi zinhlanzi zasolwandle busuka ku-70 kuya ku-130 cm, nesisindo - kusuka ku-4,5 kuye ku-30 kg. PangasiusLe yinhlanzi ephethwe ngamakhanda evela emndenini wezinhlwathi zekatias. Uvela eVietnam, lapho izinhlanzi ziye zazalaniswa futhi zidliwayo iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Ukudoba i-pangasius kusebenza ngokomnotho ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okuphezulu. Kuyabhebhetheka, futhi kugcotshwe ezindaweni ezisebenza emanzini. Amaphawishi wezinhlanzi ayevame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. HaddockIHaddock iyinhlanzi yasolwandle, enempilo ehlala phansi kusukela eminyakeni emibili, yona iThemophilic, etholakala ekujuleni kuka-30-200 kuya ku-1000 m ekushiseni kwamanzi okuvame ukuzungeza u-6 ° nosawoti ojwayelekile olwandle. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yoLwandle iBarents, i-haddock imvamisa igcinwa emanzini angafudumele kahle ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-30-50-70. IHaddock ijwayelekile kulo lonke olwandle oluseNyakatho ye-Atlantic. RoachI-Roach - inhlanzi evela emndenini wama-cyprinid, inendawo ebanzi kakhulu. Kutholakala emifuleni nase echibini laseYurophu (ngaphandle kwaseNtshonalanga), eSiberia, futhi kunezindawo ezingaphansi kwesikhashana ezingachitha isikhathi esithile emanzini amfushane, ezindaweni lapho imifula ingena olwandle. Futhi, uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-roach luyaziwa ukuthi luhlala emhlangeni ngasogwini loLwandle lwase-Aral. Ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene, i-roach yaziwa ngamagama anjengalawa: i-sorog, chebak, i-roach yaseSiberia (i-Ural neSiberia), inqama (iBlack Sea kanye ne-Azov esifundeni), i-roach (ephansi iVolga). I-CarpI-Carp yinhlanzi enkulu enamanzi ahlanzekile afana ne-carp. Le nhlanzi ihlala cishe kuyo yonke imizimba yamanzi. Ukuseshwa kwezindawo ezibanzi nezishubile ngamanzi abuthakathaka wamanje noma amile, enobumba oluthambile noma phansi olunodaka. Musa ukugwema phansi okunzima, uma kungeyona idwala. I-Pheasant ithanda amanzi afudumele, ithanda amachibi akhula kakhulu. Igcina ijule. USalakaUSalaka, ongaphansi kwezinhlanzi zomndeni we-herring. Ubude bufika ku-20 cm (akufiki ku-37 cm - i-herring enkulu), enesisindo esingama-75 g. ISalaka ihlukile kune-Atlantic herring ngenani elincane lama-vertebrae (54-55). Nansi ifomu le-Baltic (subspecies) le-Atlantic herring. ISardineIzinhlanzi ezincane zasolwandle, isigodi esingu-15-20 cm, ezingaphansi kakhulu ukuya kuma-25 cm, ezivela emndenini we-herring. ISardine imincane kancanyana kune-herring. Umhlane wakhe uluhlaza okotshani, izinhlangothi zakhe nesisu zimhlophe qwa. Gill ikhava nge-tint yegolide nemivimbo emnyama e-furrowed emnyama, iphambuka imisebe emaphethelweni ayo aphansi nangemuva. I-herringIHering luhlobo lwenhlanzi oluvela emndenini we-herring (lat. Clupeidae). Umzimba ucindezelwa kamuva, nangonqenqema lwesisu lwesisu. Izikali zilingana noma zinkulu, akuvamile ukuba kube okuncane. Umhlathi ongaphezulu awuphumi uphansi. Umlomo ulinganisile. Amazinyo, uma ekhona, aqabile futhi ayaphuma. Amaphethini endawo angobude obulinganiselwe futhi anama-ray angaphansi kwama-80. Dorsal Fin ngenhla kwesisu. Inhlawulo ye-caudal igcwele. Uhlobo lolo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-60, ezivamile olwandle olushisayo nolushisayo, futhi ngokwengxenye ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zemanzini zasolwandle futhi azingene emanzini acwebile, ezinye zingezenhlanzi ezifudukayo futhi zingena imifula lapho zidalwa khona. I-Hiding yakhiwa izilwane ezincane ezincane, ikakhulukazi ama-crustaceans amancane. Uhlobo lwenhlanziI-Salmon yinhlanzi efudukayo yomndeni we-salmon. Ngoba kufika ku-1.5 m, isisindo esifinyelela kuma-39 kg. Isikali sincane, silvery, azikho amabala ngaphansi komugqa we-lateral. Ihlala engxenyeni esenyakatho yoLwandlekazi lwe-Atlantic kanye nengxenye eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Arctic Ocean, kanye naseLwandle iBaltic. Ukuvuthwa ngonyaka we-5-6 wokuphila. Emfuleni kungena i-decomp. isikhathi (ekwindla nangezikhathi ezahlukahlukene ehlobo). Iqala ngoSepthemba - Novemba. Ngesikhathi sokusakazeka, kuvela amabala obomvu namawolintshi ekhanda nasezinhlangothini zesalimoni. Ukuzala amaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha. I-caviar enkulu, owolintshi. Abancane bahlala emfuleni iminyaka engu-1-5, bondla ama-invertebrates nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ulwandle ludla izinhlanzi kanye nama-crustaceans. Ihlala kuze kube iminyaka eyi-9. Isihloko esibalulekile sokudoba. I-Sig uhlobo lwenhlanzi oluvela emndenini we-salmon, oluhlukaniswe ngabanye abacwaningi ngokubambisana ne-whitefish ne-nelma emndenini okhethekile we-whitefish (Coregonidae). I-Sig inomzimba ocindezelwe, ombozwe esikalini sobukhulu obuphakathi, umlomo omncane lapho kungakaze kube namazinyo emathanjeni nase-vomx, futhi amazinyo kwezinye izingxenye angaba anyamalale maduze, noma, noma kunjalo, athuthukiswe kakhulu, i-maxilla ayikhulisi ngaphezu kweso . AmaSigi ahlala emazweni anomoya opholile futhi obandayo enyakatho ye-hemisphere. IMackerelIMackerel yinhlanzi yomndeni wama-mackerel perch-like squad. Ubude bomzimba obukhulu bungama-60 cm, okuyisilinganiso amasentimitha angama-30. Isikali esincane. Umhlane uluhlaza okotshani, omnyama imicu emincane emincane. Akukho bhulogi lokubhukuda. ICatfish iyisidlakela esikhulu samanzi amasha. Ihlala kuzimpophoma nemigodi yemifula eminyene, ingafinyelela isisindo esingama-300 kg! Imidondoshiya enjalo, ososayensi bayasho, imvamisa ineminyaka engama-80-100 ubudala! Kuliqiniso, angizwa okuthile ukuze noma ngubani wabafaseli abe nenhlanhla enkulu. Ngokuvamile i-catfish enesisindo esingu-10-20 kg. Ngezimpawu zayo zangaphandle, i-catfish ihluke kalula kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlanzi. Unekhanda elikhulu elixegayo, umlomo omkhulu, okuvela kulo amadevu amabili amakhulu nezintokazi ezine esilevini sakhe. Amadevu aluhlobo lwetende, ngosizo lwalo ikati lokudoba lifuna ukudla ngisho nasebumnyameni. Futhi yini okumangazayo - ngobukhulu obukhulu kangaka - amehlo amancane kakhulu. Umsila mude futhi ufana nenhlanzi. Umbala womzimba we-catfish uyahluka - ucishe ube mnyama ngaphezulu, kuyilapho isisu sihlala simhlophe. Umzimba wakhe awunalutho, awunasikali. I-mackerel yamahhashiI-mackerel yamahhashi yinhlanzi yomyalelo we-perciform. Ubude bomzimba bufika ku-50 cm, bunesisindo esifinyelela kuma-400 g. I-mackerel enkulukazi yamahashe, ekalwa ngochwepheshe, isisindo esingu-2 kg. Baphila iminyaka eyi-9. Ama-mackerels amahhashi adla ku-zooplankton, izinhlanzi ezincane, kwesinye isikhathi ama-crustaceans angaphansi noma aphansi kanye nama-cephalopods. I-SterletI-Sterlet yinhlanzi yomndeni wakwa-sturgeon. Ubude bomzimba bufika ku-125 cm, bunesisindo kufika ku-16 kg (imvamisa bungaphansi). ZanderISudak luhlobo lwezinhlanzi zomndeni we-perch. Isidumbu se-pike perch siyaphakama, sicindezelwe kancane kamuva, simbozwe ngezikali ezincane, ezihlala ngokuqinile ezinemiphetho eyenziwe ngocingo. Isembozo se-scaly size sifinyelele ekhanda nasemsileni. Umugqa we-lateral uphelele, uqhubeka kuya kufizi ye-caudal. Amaphisi we-Dorsal ahlukaniswe igebe elincane noma axhumene. Umlomo mkhulu, imihlathi idlulile, kunamazinyo amancane amaningi kuwo, namanye amathambo omlomo, kukhona izingwegwe emihlathini, nezinhlaka emathanjeni e-gill. Ngemuva kwe-pike perch kuyinto eluhlaza okotshani, isisu simhlophe, ezinhlangothini kuya kweziyishumi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi, ngemivimbo egqoke ngombala onsundu. Amaphinifa we-pectoral, we-ventral kanye ne-anal aphuzi ngokuphuzi. IPike perch ihlala emifuleni nasemachibini. Izwela kakhulu ukwehla kokuqukethwe komoya-mpilo emanzini. Uzama ukuphuma ezingxenyeni ezingcolisiwe zezidumbu zamanzi; akekho ezindaweni zokungcolisa amanzi ezingcolile. IZander igcinwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezijulile zemifula namachibi, lapho phansi kunokusilika okuncane, okuyishlabathi noma udonga lwe-cartilaginous. I-Carp yesilivaCarp yesiliva ingeyomndeni we-carp. Lo mhlambi wezinhlanzi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile, afinyelela osayizi abakhulu, uhlukaniswa ngesikali esinombala wesiliva nekhanda elikhulu. Inenani elibalulekile lokudoba. Inhlanzi ekhula ngokushesha - eneminyaka emithathu inesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu, kuthi umuntu omdala afinyelele kubude bamamitha nesisindo samakhilogremu ayi-16. IkhodiI-Cod yinhlanzi yomndeni we-cod. Ngobude ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,8, kulenhlanzi yokudoba ubude obungu-40-80 cm, ineminyaka engu-3 ukuya kweli-10. TunaI-Tuna uhlobo lwenhlanzi oluvela emndenini wama-mackerel. Zivumelaniswa ngokuphelele nendlela yazo yokuphila, equkethe ukunyakaza okungapheli. Umzimba we-tuna minyene futhi umise ngethoshi. I-dorsal fin inesimo sekrwala futhi ilungele ukubhukuda isikhathi eside futhi sishesha ngejubane ukufika ku-77 km / h. Ekugcineni, le nhlanzi kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-3.5. Ama-Tuna ahlala ezikoleni ezinkulu futhi ahamba amabanga amade efuna ukudla. IthrawuthiI-Trout ingeyokuhleleka kwama-salmonids, umndeni wama-salmonids. Umzimba we-trout uphakeme, ucindezelwe kancane kamuva, umbozwe ngezikali ezincane. Isici esivelele sale nhlanzi ukuthi kuthatha imibala yendawo lapho ihlala khona. Izinhlanzi zomndeni we-flatfish zinobuntu obufanayo. I-dorsal fin ye-trout imfushane, umugqa we-lateral uchazwe kahle. Abesilisa bahluka kwabesifazane ngobukhulu bekhanda nenani lamazinyo. Ubude obujwayelekile be-trout buyi-40-50 cm, isisindo - 1 kg. Uhlobo lwezinhlanzi zasemanzini zomndeni we-cod. EYurophu, i-hake kudala yaqashelwa njengommeleli omuhle kakhulu wohlobo lwezinhlobo zama-cod. Inyama ye-Hake isetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni kokudla futhi imunca kahle umzimba. I-Pike uhlobo lwenhlanzi enamanzi amnandi, okuwukuphela kwayo emndenini we-pike. Ngobude, i-pike ingafinyelela ku-1.5 m, futhi inesisindo esifinyelela kuma-35 kg (imvamisa ifinyelela ku-1 m no-8 kg). Umzimba ubunjwe nge-torpedo, ikhanda likhulu, umlomo ubanzi. Umbala uyahlukahluka, kuya ngemvelo: kuya ngohlobo nobungako bokukhula kwezimila, kungahle kube okuluhlaza okotshani, okupunga okuphuzi, okumpunga ngotshani, emuva kube mnyama, izinhlangothi ezinamabala amakhulu ansundu noma omnqumo akha imivimbo eshintshashintshayo. Amaphiko angenwevu aphuzi-grey, ansundu anabala amnyama, abhangqiwe - amawolintshi. Kwamanye amachibi, kutholakala isiliva pike. Isikhathi sokuphila komuntu ngamunye singafinyelela eminyakeni engama-30. Izinhlanzi zomndeni we-cyprinid, zifana ne-roach. Umbono, inhlanzi enobukhulu obukhulu, ifinyelela ku-70 cm ubude, inesisindo esingu-2-3 kg, yize kutholakala nabantu abakhulu. Umbala ungwevu-yisiliva, emuva kumnyama kumnyama kunasesiswini. Amaphiko anama-pink hule hue. Umqondo yinhlanzi enamanzi amnandi, kodwa ingaphila emanzini apholile asezilwandle. Ukudla kwe-ide kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane (izinambuzane, ama-mollusks, izibungu). Ukuhluma kwenzeka engxenyeni yesibili yentwasahlobo. Imibala emihlanu ayithandayo ye-perch. Imiphi imisebe engcono yokubamba?Bangani, ngiyakusho manje ukuthi yonke le mibala yayiqeqeshwa yimi kuphela ekwindla, nasezindlini zami zasekhaya kuphela. Ngokwakho, konke kungahamba ngokuhlukile. Lokhu ukudoba. Faka umbala 1. UViolet. Angazi ukuthi abadobi abanolwazi kangakanani, kepha ngihlala ngiphethe lezi zinto zokudla. I-perch ifinyelela kumbala we-violet njengenkunzi ngenhlamvu ebomvu. Angazi ukuthi kungani, kodwa uhambe kahle ikakhulukazi ekwindla. Ngakho-ke isikhathi sokuhlola. Umbala No. 2. Okumhlophe. Emanzini abandayo, uma kuziwa ekudobeni ekwindla, umbala omhlophe akufanele ube se-perch kuphela, kodwa futhi nakwabanye abazingelayo. Njengoba ukudla ukudla okufuywayo okuvela imvelaphi yazo izilwane kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila ngalesi sikhathi. Inombolo yombala 3. Sparkles. Phula njenge-magpie - unake. Kusho ukushesha. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi zonke izinhlobo zama-spinner nama-mormyshki kuye zikhanya. Faka umbala 4. Amafutha omshini. Lo mbala ukhangiswe ngentshiseko iminyaka engaphezulu kwengama-3-4 emakethe yokulwa nabadobi, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi abaphangi abanemigqa muhle kakhulu kuyo. Faka umbala u-5. Acid Lokhu kufaka imibala eminingi, kepha into efanayo ibahlanganisa bonke - umbala we-acid. Kwezintandokazi engingazifaka kuhlu njengokuluhlaza nokuphuzi. UmsocoLolu hlobo lwedlozi oluhlukile, luzondla ngezinhlanzi ezincane, izinambuzane zasemanzini, ama-crustaceans kanye nama-mollusks. Ithola inyamazane ngosizo lombono, ngakho-ke izingela cishe kuphela phakathi nesikhathi sasemini, ngeziqongo ezimbili zokudla - ekuseni nakusihlwa, ingxenye ebalulekile yesisulu iyi-larvae yemayitlies nama-dragonflies, ikakhulukazi ngoMeyi - Julayi. Amapayiphu amancane aphuzi adla ama-zooplankton amaningi, futhi abantu abadala basebenzisa ama-salmon amancanyana, ancibilikayo, ngisho nentsha yezinhlobo zabo. UkuzalaUkusakazeka kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, ngokuvamile ebusuku noma ekuseni kakhulu. Lapho iqhuma, amaqanda abekwa ngengozi emifuselweni engaphansi kwamanzi nezimpande, ngaphandle kokwakha izidleke. Amaqanda aqoqwa ngemichilo yombala we-amber, futhi acwiliswe ngoxhaxaka lwamafinyila lwama-mucous, eliwavikela kwizilonda ezithathelwanayo nakwizidlakudla ezincane zangaphakathi. Ngokuya ngosayizi, izinsikazi zingazalela amaqanda ayi-10 kuye kwangama-40,000. Lapho iqhuma, insikazi ilandelwa ngabesilisa abasuka kwababili kuya kwabangu-25, abafaka amaqanda abekwe kuye. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-caviar kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-12-16, kuya ngokushisa kwamanzi azungezile (emanzini afudumele, i-caviar ikhula ngokushesha). Amapayiphu amancane aphuzi akha imihlambi ezindaweni ezingaxutshwe kahle ezigcwele imifino yasemanzini, enothile ku-zooplankton nama-invertebrates amancane. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-fry of yellow perch iba ngumthombo wokudla obalulekile wezinyoni ezidla izinhlanzi nezinhlanzi ezinkulu. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, i-perch ephuzi ikhula ibe ngu-7.5-8 cm. Share
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