Lapho uqala ukubona, izinyoka zalolu hlobo zinombala onesizotha: ithoni yombala eyinhloko inombala onsundu, imvamisa iphethini elingacacile ngendlela amasongo amnyama ahlakazekile, izindandatho ezingxenyeni namabala osayizi ahlukahlukene nobukhulu, ingxenyeni yesisu somzimba imhlophe, noma, ezinyoka ezindala, ziphuzi, zi-monophonic. Kepha, uma imisebe yelanga noma isibani esikhanyayo iwela phezu kwenyoka, khona-ke imicibisholo enemibala ehlukahlukene iqala ukungena emzimbeni wayo, okunikeze igama ukubukeka.

Isici esijabulisayo salezi zinhlobo zama-boas yikhono lokushintsha umbala ebusuku nakusihlwa. Ebusuku, umbala uhluka kakhulu, izinhlangothi ziyaqaqamba, futhi iphethini yezindandatho, okunzima ukuyihlukanisa ekukhanyeni kwemini, iziveza kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo. Isizathu salokhu kuguqulwa kombala kwansuku zonke kuhlala kuyimfihlakalo, ngoba ukuqonda okusebenzayo kwalokhu akusicaci.

Isikhathi sokuphila sama-boas ngokwemvelo, imvamisa iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi, ku-terrarium, lezi zinyoka ziphila isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi zivame ukufinyelela eminyakeni evumayo yeminyaka engamashumi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Kunezimo lapho abamele lolu hlobo lwenyoka besinda befika eminyakeni engamashumi amabili nesikhombisa, ngenkathi behlala bephilile futhi bekhuthele.

Ukusabalala okunjalo kwesikhathi sokuphila emvelweni nasekudingisweni kuchazwa ubukhona bemvelo yezinto eziningi ezingezinhle, njengezitha, umncintiswano wokudla nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphansi kwezimo zedatha, zonke lezi zinto ezingezinhle azikhishwa, vele, zingaphansi kwayo yonke imigomo efanelekile yokugcinwa kwalolu hlobo lwenyoka.

Indawo yokuhlala nendlela yokuphila

Ngokwemvelo, ama-rainbo boan ase-Colombian avamile ezifundeni ezishisayo nezindawo ezilingana nezwekazi laseMelika - ukusuka eCosta Rica, kuye enyakatho neBrazil, kufaka phakathi iPanama, iColombia, iVenezuela, iFrench Guiana, iGuyana, iSuriname kanye nezifundazwe eziningana zaseBrazil.

Amahlathi anomswakama emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo (ama-gileas, ama-selvas), amahlathi enkungu yasezintabeni, lapho ahlala khona kakhulu emhlabathini, aphila, kepha angavame ukutholakala aphumule emagatsheni ezihlahla. Izinyoka ezincane, isikhathi esiningi azichitha esihlokweni esingaphezulu sehlathi, akhuphuka kahle emiqhele futhi abe nomsila onamandla kakhulu ongabamba inyoka egatsheni.

Njengazo zonke izinyoka, amabhuzu emvula yaseColombian abhukuda kahle, okubalulekile lapho ehlala emahlathini emvula avame ukugcwala. Esikhathini sasemini, izinyoka azisebenzi, ngezikhathi ezithile, uma kunesidingo ngokuphelele, zingasebenza, imvamisa uma inyoka iphazamisekile noma ilambe kakhulu.

Lezi zilwane zizingelwa kakhulu ebusuku noma kusihlwa, kwesinye isikhathi zinqoba amabanga amade zifuna ukudla. Ama-Boas awahambi ndawo futhi awanendawo yawo yokuzingela, eyodwa. Emini, izinyoka zifihla ezindaweni zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene - izimbobo, ngaphansi kwesiqu semithi, imigodi, noma imfucuza ehlathini.

Ukuzala

Ama-rainbow boas aseColombian ngokuvamile afinyelela eminyakeni yokufikisa eneminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu ubudala, kuyilapho izinsikazi zivuthwa ngokushesha ukwedlula abesilisa. Isikhathi sokuzala siseduze nenkathi eyomile, lapho kulezo zingxenye iwa phakathi nezinyanga zobusika. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa nomswakama liyancipha, okuvuselela abesilisa ukuba bafune abesifazane. Abesilisa bakhombisa ukwanda komsebenzi bese behamba, ngesinye isikhathi bebanga amabanga amade, beyofuna ubulili obuhle.

Lapho owesilisa nowesifazane behlangana, inqubo ende yokuqomisana iyaqala - lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukudansa kwenyoka”, okuncishiswa ngenxa yokulingiswa, lapho amaqanda amaningi evundiswa khona. Njengezinhlobo eziningi zama-boas, ama-boiler ase-Colombian rainboas azalwa amaqanda.

Ama-Cub (kuwo okungaba ngaphezulu kwe-30) amaqanda kusuka esibelethweni futhi azalwa esekhule ngokugcwele futhi alungele impilo yokuzimela.

Abazali ababambiqhaza ekukhuliseni inzalo, ngoba inyoka ayinaso isinambuzane sokukhathalela inzalo. Ngemuva kwe-molt yokuqala, ama-boas amancane aqala ukudla ngenkuthalo, edla noma yiziphi izidalwa eziphilayo ze-vertebrate ezingakwazi ukunqoba - amasele, izinduku ezincane, amachwane we-hummingbird nabanye.

isithombe se-Colombian rainbow boa

Eminyakeni yokuqala, inyoka ikhula ngokuzikhandla futhi ngonyaka (ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle) ifinyelela ubude obungafika kumasentimitha amahlanu. Ngobudala, izinqubo zokukhula zihamba kancane.

Umsoco

Emvelweni, ukudliwa kwama-boya asolwandle waseColombian kuqukethe cishe noma yiziphi izilwane zasemhlabeni ezingahle zikwazi ukubamba futhi zinqotshwe. Kodwa-ke, isisekelo sokudla yizilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (usayizi wengulube enkulu yegagasi) futhi akuvamile, izinyoni, namaqanda awo. Noma kujwayelekile, lezi zinyoka zidla amaxoxo nezinyosi.

Inyoka ilele inganyakazi futhi ilindele izilwane ezedlule. Ngokushesha lapho isisulu sivela ebangeni elingafinyeleleki lenyoka, kuphonsa umuntu osheshayo bese inyoka isivele isonga izindandatho endaweni yokubopha amagagasi (ngokwesibonelo, i-agouti). Ngokuphikisana nemibono eyiphutha evamile, ama-boas awaphuli amathambo wesisulu, uma kungenjalo, uma egwinyiwe, izingcezu zawo zingalimaza i-esophagus yenyoka, engaholela ekufeni kwayo.

Isisulu asifanga yi-asphyxiation (asphyxia). Eqinisweni, ukufa kwesisulu kwenzeka ngenxa yokwephulwa kokugeleza kwegazi, okufaka isandla ekubhujisweni kwemithambo yegazi evela kwengcindezi enamandla kakhulu eyenziwe ngamandla amasongo e-boa constrictor. Lapho nje umuntu oshonayo efa, i-boa iqala ukumunca, engahlala imizuzu emihlanu kuya kwehora elilodwa, kuye ngosayizi wayo.

E-terrarium, la ma-boas aqola ngokuzithandela zonke izinhlobo zamagundane - amagundane, amagundane, amagciwane, izingulube ze-Guinea. Akuzange kube nokunqunyelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside kokudla okuvela kulolu hlobo, kunalokho, lezi zinyoka zinobuqili obukhulu futhi ziyakwazi ukondla ngekusasa.

Ngemuva kokudla, i-boa const constoror "igaya" - igaya lokho ebikudlile. Ngokwesilinganiso sokushisa esijwayelekile, ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwesonto ukugaya. Izinyoka ezincane kufanele zondliwe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi, abantu abadala bangadla kancane - kanye njalo emavikini amabili noma ngaphansi.

Izitha zemvelo ngokwemvelo

Ngokwemvelo, ama-boya asolwandle waseColombia anezitha ezimbalwa. Kwesinye isikhathi baba yizisulu zezilwane ezincelisayo ezinjengama-ocelots noma amajezi, kanye nezinyoni ezidla inyama (izinhlobo zasendaweni zeFalconiformes). Ama-boas amasha anezitha eziningi, ama-caymans nama-anacondas angangezwa kukho konke okungenhla.

Ama-rainbow boas ase-Colombian angenye yezinhlobo zezinyoka ezingatheneki kakhulu ezifanele ukugcinwa ku-terrarium. Lezi zinyoka zinempilo enhle namandla.

I-terrarium noma isitsha esingu-100 × 60 × 30 cm ngosayizi sanele ukugcina umuntu oyedwa osemthethweni we-boa, okuyisilinganiso esincane. Ngokufanelekile, kuzoba yidatha enkulu, enomzimba wamanzi - ithangi elikhulu elinamanzi namagatsha aqinile ahlelwe ngokuqondile ukugibela. E-terrarium, indawo yokushisa iyadingeka - umthombo wokushisa kagesi kwelinye lamagumbi alo.

Izibani ze-incandescent, amathe ezishisayo noma izintambo ezishisayo zingasetshenziswa njengomthombo wokushisa, konke kuncike ekuthandweni komuntu siqu komgcini. Izinga lokushisa elisekhoneni "elifudumele" kufanele okungenani libe ngu-30 ° C; kulo lonke ithala lokushisa, izinga lokushisa le "gumbi" liyamukeleka, elingaba ngu- + 25 ° C. Ebusuku, izinga lokushisa langemuva linokwehla laya ku-19 ° C.

Njengoba ama-boas eyizilwane zasebusuku, azidingi ukukhanyiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa kuyathandeka, ngoba kususa izingcindezi ezingenzeka - izinyoka azithandi ukukhanya futhi zihlala zithambekele kuyo.

Ukulawula izinga lokushisa, kuhle kakhulu ukubeka i-thermometer yotshwala noma inzwa yokushisa nge-elekthronikhi ngaphakathi kwethari. Umswakama ngesikhathi kulungiswa izinyoka zaloluhlobo akunandaba kangako, inqobo nje uma lungephansi kakhulu. Ukuba khona kweteki elinamanzi amasha kuyimpoqo ku-terrarium - ama-boas akuthanda kakhulu ukuphuza nokuphuza kakhulu.

Kungumkhuba omuhle ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhephelo wezinyoka - ngokuqinisekile bazokwazisa lokhu futhi bazoba ngaphakathi kubo usuku lonke.

Ama-rainbow boas ama-Colombian ngokuvamile awanalo ulaka kubantu, kodwa abanye abantu bangaba nolaka ekuzivikeleni. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele ulwele ukunciphisa ukuxhumana nenyoka, okuzosindisa isilwane ekuxinekeni.

30.01.2016

I-rainbow boa constrictor (lat. Epicates cenchria) ingeyofuzo lwe-Smooth-lipped constorateors (lat. Epicrate). Kubizwa nangokuthi i-aboma. Le inyoka e-viviparous engenabo ubuthi engakhombisi ulaka kubantu futhi izizwa imnandi kakhulu ekudingisweni.

Kukhanya kwelanga, isikhumba sakhe sifana nothingo olunemibala ehlukahlukene. Umphumela uyathuthuka ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Umbala uyashintsha phakathi nosuku futhi kuya ngokukhanya kwelanga.

Ukubhebhetheka

Ama-rainbow boas ahlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yeNingizimu Melika. Bayizakhamizi ezijwayelekile zamahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi bazama njalo ukuhlala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi.

Amapulangwe amancane ayatholakala ezindaweni ezinamadwala ezinezimila ezinamahlahla kanye ne-steppe zone. Abanye abantu bazizwa bekhululekile eduze nendawo yokuhlala yabantu. Njengamanje, izingcingo eziyisishiyagalombili zezimbotshana zemvula zaziwa, zihlukile komunye nomunye ngephethini esikhumbeni.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Photo: Rainbow Boa

I-rainbow boa inenye igama - iphunga, lokhu okuhuqayo akunobuthi, kungokomndeni wama-pseudopods nohlobo lwama-boas abushelelezi. Umndeni ubizwa nge-pseudopod, ngoba abamele bayo bagcina ukuqiniswa kwemilenze nezandla zakho zombili. Ngaphandle, zifana nezinsolo.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu se-rainbow boa constrictor yi-anaconda, eshaya ubukhulu bayo obukhulu.

Phakathi kwama-booth rainboas abushelelezi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, uhlobo lwe-lipus olubushelelezi lumelwe:

• I-Colombian rainbow boas,
• I-Cuban boa constrictor
• Ford uthingo lwe-boa
• Jamaican rainbow boa
• South America rainbow boa
• I-Haiti slim boa
• I-Peruvian rainbow boa.

Onke ama-boas abhalwe ngaphezulu ahlukanisa izici zawo zangaphandle. Ama-boas asemasha waseColombia anombambo onsundu obanzi ogibeni, ohlotshiswe ngamabala amakhulu amathoni e-beige. Izinhlobo zethu ezivuthiwe zipendwe ngombala onsundu noma obomvana, zihlotshiswe ngomnyama ugcwele uthingo elangeni.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Phakathi kwama-boya emvula aseningizimu neNingizimu Melika, izinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili ezihlukene ziyahlukaniswa, umbala wawo uhluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuchaza le nhlobo iyonke.

Ama-boya wemvula yase-Peru afana ngokusobala nama-boas waseBrazil, ahlukaniswa kuphela inani lesikali nephethini ebunjiwe yindandatho emuva. Ama-boya emvula aseCuba anomhlobiso ohlukile o-chocolate noma omnyama. Ama-boiler emvula we-Haiti ahlukaniswa isizinda sokukhanya esijwayelekile se-beige, esibonisa izindawo ezimnyama, ezimpunga noma ezishokolethi, ezitholakala ngokungahleliwe.

Ividiyo: I-rainbow Boa

Kungani i-boa constrictor ibizwa ngokuthi uthingo uma ithoni ejwayelekile yezilwane ezihuquzelayo eziningi ihluka kusuka kokukhanya kashokholethi omnyama? Iqiniso ngukuthi lo muntu wenyoka uguqulwa ngendlela emangalisayo, ngokushesha nje lapho imisebe yelanga ekhanyayo imfikela. I-const constoror ye-boa iqala ukugcwala njenge-hologram, icwebezela ngayo yonke imibala yesibhakabhaka bese iheha abanye.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Snake Snoa Snake

Yize izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-rainbow boas zinikezwe ngezici zazo ezihlukile, noma kunjalo, zinezici ezijwayelekile ezibonisa uhlobo lohlobo kanye nomndeni. Isikhathi salezi zinto ezihuquzelayo zelizwekazi zifinyelela kumamitha amabili. Izinyoka zemvula ezinesigamu esisodwa nesigamu zivame kakhulu. Isisindo sesilwane esihuquzelayo sisukela kumakhulu ayisikhombisa amagremu kuya kumakhilogremu amabili. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalesi sithanzana se-boa ubukhona bezikali ezikhulu nezilinganayo endaweni ephakathi kwamehlo enyoka.

I-rainbow boa ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi i-handsome yangempela. Ungophakathi kwezinyoka eziyishumi ezikhangayo kakhulu emhlabeni.

Ithoni yesikhumba esezingeni eliphakeme ingaba:

Umugqa uhlotshiswe ngezindawo ezinkulu zemithunzi elula, ehlanganiswe yisifo sohlangothi olumnyama oluhlukile, okudala umphumela wamasongo. Ezinhlangothini kukhona izindawo ezincane, ezinikezwe umucu wokukhanya ovelele. Isikhungo sezindawo ezinamabala amnyama simnyama, sisuka kude sibukeka njengamehlo omfundi omnyama. Eduze nesisu, ungabona amabala amnyama amnyama. Ingxenye yesisu ngokwayo inethoni ekhanyayo.

Njengoba sekushiwo, elangeni iphunga liyakhanya futhi licwebezelwe, lixhaxhe ngamathoni alo emvula. Isikali se-boa constrictor sibushelelezi, ngaphandle kokugqabhuka futhi simnandi ekuthintweni. Isikali se-Snake, njengama-prlies, sibonisa imisebe yelanga, ibenyezela ngombala oblue, oluhlaza okotshani, obomvu, obomvu noblue. Kuyaqabukela, abantu bodwa bahlangane lapho okukhona khona iphethini yesimo, kodwa bacwebezela elangeni njengento enhle nenhle.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Lapho uthingo lwe-rain sheds luveza, isikhumba salo esilahliwe siba umbala futhi singenamhlobiso owenziwe ngesimo.

Uhlala kuphi uthingo lwenduna?

Isithombe: URainbow Boa eBrazil

Ama-rainbow boas asabalale kabanzi, eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Ama-boas ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezinomswakama, amahlathi, izihlambi ezinkulu zemifula (i-Orinoco, i-Amazon). Bancamela ukuhlala ezindaweni eziseduzane nemithombo yamanzi. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zama-boya asendle endle asakazekile. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa incike ekuthengeni okuthile.

I-Colombian rainbow constituteor ikhethe iPanama, inyakatho yezwekazi laseNingizimu Melika neCosta Rica. Itholakala ngamanani amancane eziqhingini zaseTrinidad naseTobago, eMargarita, esifundeni esisogwini lwaseGuana. Le nhlobo ithanda amahlathi omile aseduze kwama-savannahs.

Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi umkhuba waseNingizimu Melika ubhalise futhi wasakazeka kabanzi kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Melika. Lo mbondli uhlala kuzo zombili indawo ezinomswakama wethropiki, nasezindongeni nasehlathini elinesimo sezulu esomile. I-boa yaseParaguay ayitholakali kuphela ebumnyameni beParaguay, kodwa nasezigodini ezikhona e-Argentina naseBrazil. Izinhlobo zama-boas zase-Argentina zihlala ezigodini zase-Argentina, eBolivia futhi zihlala emaphethelweni e-Andes.

ENdiya, kunezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalolunye zokuthi siyamunwa. Izidalwa eziningi ezibonakala eBahamas naseHaiti. Uhlobo lweCuba lwe-rainbow boa lubhalisiwe eCuba. Ama-boas of Jamaica, Puerto Rico kanye ne-Virtual and Antilles nawo akhethile.

Ama-Abomas angahlala ezindaweni ezinamathafa ahluke ngokuphelele, ahlala:

• emahlathini ezindawo ezishisayo,
• ezindundumeni ezakhiwe ngamahlahla aminyene,
• ezindaweni ezimanzi
• ovulekile ezintabeni
• i-savannah
• izindawo eziwugwadule.

Izindawo ezahlukahlukene zokwakhiwa kabusha kwezilwane ezifuywayo zibonisa ukuthi ama-rainbow boas ayipulasitiki emvelweni futhi angakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezihlukile ezizungezile.

Manje usuyazi ukuthi ihlala kuphi i-rainbow boa (aboma). Masibone ukuthi udlani.

Ngabe kudlani uthingo?

Isithombe: I-Red Book rainbow Boa

Ngokwengxenye enkulu, imenyu yama-rainbow boas aqukethe zonke izinhlobo zamagundwane hhayi izinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezihlukene nazo zinemililo ekhethekile yokudla. Ama-Cuba ama-Cuba abuyisa ukudla kwawo ngamalulwane nama-iguanas, kwesinye isikhathi adla abanye abantu.Le nhlobo ithanda ukuzingela kumqamekeli, ilinde ngesineke inyamazane engaba khona. Ama-Ford boas achitha isikhathi esiningi emqheleni wezihlahla nezigebenga ezibaluleke kakhulu kwimenyu yazo.

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi abantu abadala nabaningi abengeziwe be-boa, kukhulu izitsha kwimenyu yayo. Njengoba kunesici sawo wonke ama-boas, indoda yesibhakabhaka ibamba inyamazane yayo ngamazinyo ayo, bese isebenzisa inqubo evumayo, izimboze ngomzimba wayo wemisipha. Ngesikhathi sokudla, ikakhulukazi lapho inyamazane inkulu kakhulu, kubonakala sengathi i-boa ngokwayo idonsa isisulu sayo, siyigwinye kancane. I-metabolism yama-boas ihamba kancane, ngakho-ke ukugaya kungathatha ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa, kepha kuvame kakhulu isonto lonke noma ngisho nambili.

Ama-rainbow boas ahlala kuma-terrariums nawo adotshwa ngamagundane nezinyoni. Ama-boas amancane aphathwa ngamagundane asanda kuzalwa. Imvamisa yokondliwa kuya ngeminyaka yezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nezimpawu zayo. Intsha kanye nabesifazane abasezikhundleni bondliwe kaningi (kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu), kanti amanye ama-boas avuthiwe angondliwa kaningi. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-boa consthentor ihlale inamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Rainbow Boa

I-rainbow boa ithanda ukuhlala yodwa, ihamba ikakhulu emhlabeni. Le ndlela abantu abavuthiwe benyoka benza ngayo, nokukhula kwentsha kuholela endleleni yokuphila kwezinkuni ezingapheli, kuchitha isikhathi esiningi emqheleni wezihlahla, kuphumula emagatsheni aminyene. I-rainbow constrictor iphunyuka ekushiseni okungabekezeleleki ngokuzingcwaba ngamaqabunga amnyama noma enhlabathini, ngaleyo ndlela ipholile.

I-Aboma ukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu, akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ayihlali kude nemizimba yamanzi, ngoba izinhlobonhlobo ezivuthiwe aziyithandi ukuphaphaza emanzini aqabulayo. Amehlo kaReptile abukhali, njengawokhozi, nephunga lihle kakhulu. I-boa constrictor nayo inedivayisi ebaluleke kakhulu - ulimi lwayo olufifi, inyoka, njengesikena, ihlola indawo ezungezile, iveze izinyamazane nalabo abangahambisani kahle nayo. Ama-rainbow boas aqala ukusebenza lapho kusihlwa, ancamela ukuzingela ebusuku.

Uma sikhuluma ngohlobo nangesimo salezi ezihubhayo, lapho-ke ama-terarium aqaphela ukuthi anokuthula impela, awahluki ngolaka olukhethekile kubantu. Kuyiqiniso, uma ucabanga ngokweqiniso ngokwezibalo, lapho-ke umuntu ophikisana naye angamelana nomuntu ongaphansi kwamandla, kepha kukhona amacala ambalwa anjalo. Ukuze umuntu obamba iqhaza enze i-strangulation efile kumuntu, udinga ukwethuka noma athukuthele kakhulu.

Ngenxa yombala wayo omuhle nokugcwala kokukhanya, ama-aboma adume kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bezinyoka, ngakho-ke aya ngokuya eba nezilwane ezifuywayo kakhulu, futhi ukuzigcina akunzima kakhulu, ngoba ezolile futhi azithobeki. Endle, i-boa, ibona izindunduma, izama ukubuyela emuva ngokushesha ukuze umhlangano ongafuneki ungenzeki.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Isithombe: URainbow Boa eBrazil

Awukwazi ukubiza isidalwa esihlangene ngokuthi i-rainbow boa, ukhetha ukuthi ibe yodwa kuze kufike isikhathi sesizini yomshado. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi isayina ukulungela kwayo ukuya ocansini, egcizelela imfihlo ekhethekile enephunga. Umgibeli, ezwa leli phunga elimnandi, uyaphuthuma ayomfuna. Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi amasudi ambalwa afaka isicelo umuntu oyedwa wesifazane. Kulesi simo, ukuxabana kwabaqhudelanayo akunakugwenywa. Baqala ukushayisana, baphikisana futhi beluma. Owinayo uthola ilungelo lokuba ngowesifazane, futhi ophikisana naye uyakhishwa.

Inyoka yesifazane isesimweni esingaba izinyanga ezinhlanu. Akazali amaqanda, ngoba ama-rainbow boas ayizilwane ezihuquzelayo ze-viviparous. Imvamisa, kusuka kuma-kite ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu avela, ubude bawo bungafinyelela uhhafu wemitha, kepha esikhathini esiningi baba nobude obungama-25 noma ama-30 cm, futhi isisindo sabo kuyaqabukela seqa amagremu angama-20. Inqubo yokuqala yokuncibilikisa iqala ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15 ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ngemuva kokuthi iphele, izinyoka ezincane ziqala ukuzingela kwazo okusebenzayo nokuthuthuka. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ze-rainbow zikhula kuyo yonke impilo yenyoka, futhi ngenxa yalokho imvamisa - cishe kathathu noma kane ngonyaka.

Ekuthunjweni, ama-abomu futhi azala ngempumelelo nangokuphumelelayo, zombili kuma-zoo nakwizindawo ezizimele. Ezimweni ezinhle, ubusha buqina ngokushesha futhi bukhule, bufinyelele kumamitha ubude beminyaka eyodwa. Iskhathi sokuphila, silinganiswa ngemvula yesikhumba semvelo ngemvelo, sisukela eshumini nambili kuye emashumini amabili eminyaka. Ezimweni zokwenziwa, izinyoka ziphila isikhathi eside ukwedlula ezasendle.

Izitha Zemvelo Zama-rainbow Boas

Photo: Snake Snoa Snake

Yize i-rainbow constrictor inkulu ngokwanele, inezitha eziningi ezimweni zemvelo. I-reptile ayinayo ubuthi, ngakho-ke izinga lokukhubazeka kwayo liyanda.

I-rainbow enkulu yabantu abadala ingaba isinekete:

Izinsizwa ezingenalwazi nezinyoka ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukuhlaselwa ngama-hedgehogs ajwayelekile, ama-coyotes, ukuqapha izinyoka. Usongo lwama-boas luvela ezimpungwini, amagwababa amakhulu, amakhayithi, abantu abadala abadala.

Isitha somhlanganisi we-boa futhi singabizwa ngokuthi ngumuntu ovame ukungena ezindaweni zokuthunyelwa njalo kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo, eziphoqa ezindaweni ezakhiwe. Abantu bagoba ukuhlukunyezwa ngenhloso yokuthengisa okuthe xaxa kubasebenzi abasebenza e-terrarium. Kwamanye amazwe, ama-boas abhekwa njengokudla okumnandi kwangempela, ngakho izinyoka zivame ukubulawa ngezinhloso zesisu.

Ngokuzivikela, ama-boas anamanye amaqhinga abo nezimpawu. Umuntu ocashile noma othukuthele ukhipha umsindo omkhulu futhi angaluma. Imvula yaseCuba iyaziphindisela, izivikele, igoqe ibhola. Amehlo abo aba bomvu namaconsi egazi ayabonakala ephuma emlonyeni. Lolu hlobo lwe-boa constrictor, njenge-Enygrus asper, lubukeka njengephawu eliyingozi ngokubonakala futhi lingagxuma kahle. Emzabalazweni wempilo yabo, zonke izindlela zilungile, ngakho-ke amanye ama-boas futhi aya kumaqhinga ahlukahlukene.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Isithombe: I-rainbow Boa, noma i-Aboma

Yize ama-rainbow boas asakazeka kabanzi kulo lonke elaseMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu Melika, izici eziningi ezingezinhle zithinta izimpilo zabo, okuholela ekwehleni kwezinga labantu kancane kancane, ezinye izinhlobo ziyivelakancane, futhi akulula ukuhlangana nazo.

Okokuqala, imisebenzi yabantu enodlame ilimaza kabi izinga lokuphila kwesinengiso. Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukudonswa kwenhlabathi enamamashi, ukulima komhlaba ngezinhloso zezolimo, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlala kwabantu nemigwaqo emikhulu kunciphisa isibalo sezindawo ezina imvula, kuphazamise isigqi sazo sokuphila futhi sikubalekele ezindaweni ezijwayelekile.

Ngaphezu kwazo zonke lezi zinto ezingenhla, ama-boas ayahlupheka ngenxa yokuthandwa kwawo ngabanikazi bezindlu. Ngokuvamile zibanjwa ukuze kuthiwe kamuva zithengiswe ezandleni zangasese. Kwezinye izifundazwe, kudliwa ama-abomas, okuthinta nosayizi wabantu hhayi ngendlela ehamba phambili. Ngokusobala, inani lama-rainbow boas alikafinyeleli kuleliphuzu esibucayi ngenxa yokuthi alithobeki futhi lazala kahle ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane, izindawo ezahlukahlukene zokugcina kanye nama-terrariums azimele, angajabule kodwa. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ziye zaba ezingandile kakhulu futhi zinganyamalala ngokuphelele.

Izinduna ze-Rainbow Boa

Isithombe: I-Red Book rainbow Boa

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, umkhuba ophathelene nenani lama-rainbow boas awathandeki ngokuphelele, inani labantu balesi silwanyana esimangalisayo siyancipha kancane kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yesici esibi somuntu esithinta izilwane eziningi, kubandakanya nephunga.

Sibala ezinye izinhlobo zabantu benyoka enesongelo ngokuqothulwa. Lapha ungabiza u-Jamaican rainbow boa, inani lazo elathinteka kakhulu ngenkathi kukoloni lwaseYurophu. Lezi zinyoka zathola ukubanjwa ngamandla kanye nokuqothulwa. Ososayensi babekholelwa ukuthi kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabili lolu hlobo lwenyama luzonyamalala ngokuphelele ekuphethweni kweJamaica, kodwa i-boa yayinenhlanhla yokusinda esiqhingini esincane esibizwa iGoat Island. Manje le nhlobo ivikelwe yiziphathimandla zaseJamaican, ngokuba ngaphansi kokuqashwa njalo kwe-herpetologists. Izilwanyana ezifuywayo zenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuvimbela usongo lokuqothulwa kwazo ngokuphelele.

Isimo ePuerto Rico sinjalo esibi njengaseJamaica, umakhi wePuerto Rican anganyamalala ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba ngenxa yokufuduka ezindaweni zokuhanjiswa unomphela kanye nokudla kwabantu bendawo. Manje le boa iyagadwa futhi izama ukugcina izinombolo ngokuzalanisa ezimweni zokufakelwa.

Uhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN kanye nezijobelelo I noma II ze-Convention on International Trade Uhlu lwe-5 izinhlobo zama-boas abushelelezi:

Uma izindlela zokuzivikela maqondana nabasengozini ezisengozini zizosebenza, izidalwa ezinqabileyo zizosindiswa ekusongelweni kokuqothulwa ngokuphelele, khona-ke udaba lokuqwashisa nokwazisa phakathi kwabantu bomdabu maqondana nokungaphazanyiswa kwabantu endaweni yokuphindiselwa kwezilwane zasendle futhi isimo sabo sokucophelela kulezi zinyoka sizoba ofanele.

Njengoba sengifunde okuningi okusha nokukhangayo ngempilo yezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinhle njengama-rainbow boas, ngifuna ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi baziphathe ngokucophelela nangehlonipho, kuyilapho kungakhathalekile ukuthi uhlala kuphi lo muntu wenyoka - esifundeni noma endle. Imvula yesibhakabhaka Iphila ngokuhambisana negama layo, ngoba iletha i-rainbow mood, idlala ngamathayi anemibala ekubonakalisweni okukhanya kwelanga.

Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo ye-rainbow boa

Ama-rainbow boas ukuphela kwenyoka yezwekazi futhi okungeyazo izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-Epus. Ubude bendawo yabantu abadala yindawo engamamitha amabili, futhi umehluko omkhulu kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezingezona ezishisayo mkhulu futhi unesikali esifanayo esilinganiswe phakathi kwamehlo nezilwane ezihuquzelayo.

Kuyathakazelisa! I-rainbow constituor kufanelekile ukuthi ingezinyoka eziyishumi ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni wethu, kepha isikhumba esilahliwe ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa asinombala futhi asinayo iphethini yesici.

Umbala oyinhloko wangemuva we-rainbow boa ungaba nsundu noma ubomvu nokubomvu. Amabala amakhulu akhanyayo abuye achazwe kahle, azungezwe amasongo amnyama kulo lonke emuva.

Ezinhlangothini kukhona amabala amnyama amnyama enomucu ogqamile onesilo. Eduze nesisu kukhona izindawo ezimbalwa ezincane zombala omnyama. Ekukhanyeni kwelanga, izikali zithola i-sheen eqinile ngokungajwayelekile futhi ebukekayo kakhulu futhi icwazimula cishe nayo yonke imibala yesibhakabhaka.

Indawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala

Indawo yokuhlala ye-Colombian rainbow boa ingumngcele wePanama neCosta Rica, kanye nengxenye esenyakatho yeSouth America. Inani elincane lezinhlobo lihlala eziqhingini zaseMargarita, eTobago naseTrinidad, kanye nogu lwaseGuana. Izinhlobo zithanda ukuhlala endaweni eyomile enamahlathi eduze kwe-savannah.

Indawo ethwala uthingo yaseNingizimu Melika esezingeni eliphakeme isabalale kulo lonke elaseMelika. Inhlobo ihlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama nezinamahlathi amancane asezingeni lokushisa, kanye nasezindongeni nasehlathini elomile.

Ama-rainbo boah ase-Paraguayan ahlala eParaguay, kanye nasezindaweni eziphansi eziseBrazil naseArgentina, futhi indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo zase-Argentina imelelwa yi-Argentina, indawo esezansi kwe-Andes neBolivia.

Insimu yeWest Indies yindawo yezinhlobo eziyisishiyagalolunye zozalo lwesibaya. 3inani elikhulu lezinto ezihuquzelayo zitholakala eBahamas naseHaiti. Futhi indawo yokusatshalaliswa yindawo yeJamaica neCuba, iVirgin Islands nePuerto Rico. Uthingo lwaseCuba luhlala eCuba.

Indlela Yokuphila Ye-rainbow Boa

Njengomthetho, bonke abantu abasha, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni, bancamela ukuziphilela indlela yokuphila kwezinkuni. Njengoba bekhula, ama-rainbow boas achitha ingxenye enkulu yezimpilo zawo emhlabeni.

Ngezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu, izidalwa ezihubhayo zivimbela inhlabathi epholile noma amaqabunga awileyo. I-rainbow constrictor iyakwazi ukubhukuda kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke, abantu abadala bachitha isikhathi esiningi ezindaweni zokugcina zemvelo.

Izinhlobo zeRainbow Boa

Ama-boas ahlelwe ngokuqinile asuselwa kuhlobo lwezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa, eziyisithupha kuzo zihlala e-Antilles naseBahamas. Indawo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa kwamakhosi imelelwa yizindawo ezinamahlathi ashisayo, izihlahla ezimbozwe izindunduma, izigodi eziwugwadule, izindawo ezivulekile zezintaba, kanye nezindawo eziwugwadule, okuwubufakazi bokuthi kuqine kakhulu umhlaba.

Okusabalele kakhulu kwakungu-Colombian rainbow boa (E. maurus), i-South American rainbow boa (E. penshria), i-Cuban boa (E. angulifer), i-boa yase-Haiti boa (E. striatus), i-Ford rainbow boa (E. forrdii), uthingo lwaseJamaican boa (I-E.subflavus) ne-Peruvian rainbow boa (E.s.gaigei).

Isici sama-boas asencane aseColombian umucu wamabhulukwe ansundu obanzi onamabala amakhulu ansundu.. Abantu abadala banombala obomvana obomvu noma onsundu kanye nothingo olucacile obonakalayo kukhanya kwelanga.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ama-rainbow boas aseNingizimu Melika konke okuyi-subspecies eyisishiyagalombili enombala ohlukahlukene kakhulu nezimpawu ezenza kube nzima ukuzazisa iziphamba.

Ama-rainbo boas ase-Peruvian ayabonakala ngokufana nama-boas waseBrazil, futhi umehluko omkhulu inani lesikali nobukhona emuva kwephethini yezindandatho enengxenye ekhanyayo ephakathi. Onke ama-boya emvula aseCuba anephethri yejometri ekhishwe kahle, ecebile, ecacile nehlukile ngemibala emnyama noma emnyama. Umbala we-booth rainbow boas waseHaiti umelelwa izindawo ezimnyama, ezivamile noma ezingahambelani ngombala omnyama, ompunga noma onsundu omnyama ngakwesokunxele noma ngemuva kwe-beige.

Izitha zenyoka yemvelo

Izinyoka ezinkulu ngokwanele, ezibandakanya i-rainbow constorateor, zisengozini futhi zinenqwaba yezitha zemvelo endaweni yazo yemvelo. Abantu abadala bavame ukuba yizinyoni zezinyoni ezinkulu zezinyamazane, ama-caimans, izingulube zasendle namajezi.

Ama-boas amancane noma amancanyana, njengomthetho, adliwa ngama-hedgehogs, aqapha ama-squid nama-coyotes. Ingozi enkulu yezilwane ezihuquzelayo nayo ingamelwa amakhayithi, izimpungushe, amajuba amakhulu nama-mongooses amadala.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthandwa kokugcinwa kwezinyoka ezinkulu ezingelona ubuthi kukhule kakhulu. Ikakhulu kaningi, ama-terrariums e-amateur enza, njengesilwane sasekhaya esingajwayelekile, uthingo oluhle kakhulu nolungenakungabaza.

Kubalulekile! Uma kunesidingo sokwenza isilwane sizolile, vele wehlise izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium, okuzovumela i-boa ukuthi ingene ekubandakanyeni, futhi ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa kusheshe kusebenze i-exot enegazi elibandayo.

Idivayisi yeTerrarium

Izimo nemithetho yokugcina uthingo lwerobha emithanjeni yasekhaya kuncike kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zezinhlobo zenyoka, nasendleleni yokuphila exotic. Izinhlobo ezihlala ezimweni zemvelo ezihlahleni zidinga ama-terarium aqonde mpo anezindonga eziphakeme ngokwanele nezinokwethenjelwa.

Ngokugcina i-boa ihlala ngokhuni lukhuni, kungcono ukuthenga izifunda ezivundlile. Kunoma ikuphi, ubukhulu be-terrarium yasekhaya kumele buhambisane nosayizi wesilwane sasekhaya esidala.

Ama-rainbow boas angokwesigaba sezilwane ezigcwele igazi elibandayo, ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka ngokufanele ukubusa kwezinga lokushisa nezinkomba zomswakama ezifanele. Ngale njongo, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka nge-terrarium ngohlelo lokushisa okuzenzakalelayo lwekhwalithi ephezulu.

Okungcono ukukhethwa amamodeli anezinzwa zokushisa, ezikuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze izinga lokushisa elilungele i-boa. Amazinga omswakama alawulwa yi-hygrometer. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, okuqukethwe umswakama okudingekayo kungama-75-80%.

Kubalulekile! Ingxenye ye-terrarium kufanele ibe nokushisa okungu-30- 32 ° C, kanti enye ingxenye kufanele ibe ngu-20- 21 ° C, okuzovumela isilwane ukuthi senze ukufudumala okuzimele komzimba.

Phansi kwendlu ukuthola i-rainbow boa udinga ukugcwalisa ungqimba lwe-drainage kanye ne-substrate yenhlabathi, esetshenziselwa ukukhulisa i-orchid yegumbi. Futhi e-terrarium udinga ukubeka i-driftwood kanye namagatsha okhuni, okuzosebenza njengesiphephelo kuma-exotic asekhaya.

Ukudla nokudla okuyinhloko

Ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okufanele okwenzelwe i-rainbow constentior yakho okwenziwe ekhaya kuyisiphephelo. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlobo, ukudla okuyinhloko kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo kungamagundane nezinyoni ezingesayizi omkhulu kakhulu. Ama-boas asencane anconyelwa ukondla amagundane asanda kuzalwa.

Imvamisa yokondliwa nezinga lokuphakelwa kufanele kubalwe ngokuya ngeminyaka kanye nezinketho zomuntu siqu ze-boa. Kunoma yikuphi, izintokazi nezinsana ezikhulelwe zidinga ukondliwa njalo. Ama-boas anjalo anikezwa ukudla cishe njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu. Abanye abantu abadala bangondliwa amahlandla ambalwa ngeviki.

Kubalulekile! Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-rainbow boas ezimweni zasekhaya, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ukufinyelela okungenasikhathi singenankathazo kwamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile.

Izindlela zokuqapha

Ama-rainbow boas athanda ukuthula ngokwemvelo. Naphezu kwezinganekwane eziningi ezichaza ukonakala kwegazi lezilwane ezinjengokuphamba, ukuhlaselwa kwabantu kuyaqabukela. Vele, ezimweni zemvelo, umuntu omdala nomhlanganisi omkhulu kakhulu we-boa angadonsela umuntu ngisho nangaphansi kwamanzi, bese eshaya isifuba.

Kodwa-ke, inyoka enjalo ngeke ikwazi ukugwinya umuntu. Ngokuvamile, ama-boas agwema ukugwema ukuhlangana nabantu, futhi ukubathukuthelisa kunzima kakhulu. Kepha umuntu ocasukile we-boa ocoboshayo unokukhalela phezulu kakhulu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kungaluma ngisho.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenkathi yengozi, ama-Cuba ama-boas agxuma ebholeni, ngenkathi amehlo awo ephenduka amaconsi abomvu nemilomo yegazi ephuma emilonyeni yawo, kanti ukubukeka kwe-Enygrus asper kubukeka kakhulu njengesengezo futhi kungagxuma kahle.

Ukuzalanisa izinyoka ekhaya

Ukuze kuzalwe, owesilisa kufanele atshalwe kanye nowesifazane. Isilinganiso esifanele yilezi: izimbambo zabesilisa kowesifazane ngamunye. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezinhlanu.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ubude obuphakathi kwe-elisanda kuzalwa kwe-boa liqhathaniswa liyahlukahluka lisuka ku-24.0 liye ku-31,5 cm elinesisindo esingu-15.5-20,5 g.

Izinsana ezizalwe zinesici esikhanyayo. Ngokuya ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sokudla, ama-boas amancane athola ngokushesha isisindo, futhi ngenyanga yeshumi nambili ubude bawo bungaba imitha.

Thenga i-rainbow boa - izincomo

Lapho uthenga i-rainbow boa, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi i-reptile ayinazo i-pathologies. Isilwane esithengiwe akufanele sibe yi-lethargic noma i-lethargic.

Isifiso sokudla kufanele sigcinwe. Isikhumba esinempilo se-exotica asinawo ama-scuffs noma amanxeba.

Ungayithenga kuphi inyoka, yini okufanele uyibheke

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, isifo se-retroviral esithinta ama-boas besivame kakhulu. I-exotica enjalo ingaba ngumthwali we-asymptomatic; ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa ukuthenga ama-boas anomsuka owaziwayo ezindaweni zokugcina izingane ezikhethekile noma kubafuyi bezilwane bezindawo ezizimele abasungulwe kahle.