Abaningi bethu bathanda futhi bagcine ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo ekhaya. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuba khona kwesilwane esifuywayo endlini akugcini nje ngokwenza impilo ibe ngcono, kepha futhi kungasebenza ngokusebenzayo.

Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, izinhlobo zezilwane nezinyoni ezivamile ziye zathandwa kakhulu. Imfashini ngesibindi "iphokophele" phambili futhi abathandi babafowethu abancane abasanqunyelwe izinja, amakati namapharafini, kodwa banezilwane ezifuywayo ezingajwayelekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinyoka, izingwenya, amahlosi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezinhlobonhlobo.

Namuhla sizokutshela okuningi ngezinyoni ezidla inyama, ngoba abantu abaningi abazikhethelayo izilwane zasendle bayazinqanda. Ngabe kukhona okuzwile ngohlobo lwendlu? Isikhova sendlu - Le inyoni edla inyama evela ngokuhleleka kwezikhova. Kungani empeleni kuyinto ethandwayo yokwenza izindlu? Izici ezimbili eziyinhloko zinomthelela kulokhu.

Okokuqala, usayizi wezinyoni ofanele. Kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala ezindlini ezivamile zasemadolobheni, ukuba nesilwane esikhulu esikhulu kungadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu empilweni yansuku zonke. Isikhova sendlu yabantu abadala sincane ngosayizi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi simdalele izimo ezifanele ukuthi aphile futhi aqeqeshe ngisho nangamakamelo amancane.

Isici sesibili ukuziphatha kwabo okufana nekati. Yebo, abanye ama-ornithologists bababiza kanjalo - amakati anezinwele. Ngani? Yebo, izikhova nje zalolu hlobo zinothando olukhulu futhi sinokuthula, azibekezeleli isimo esibi futhi, uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, ngokufanekisa kokusebenzisa imilebe yekati, zingasebenzisa umlomo.

Lezi zinto eziningana zibenza bathandwe kakhulu phakathi kwabalandeli bezilwane ezifuywayo. Injabulo enjalo yaba nomthelela ekutheni intengoizikhova zezindlu, kwezinye izitolo zezilwane, ukhule ngezinye izikhathi. Kodwa-ke, abaningi bavuma ukukhokha noma iyiphi intengo, ukuze ekugcineni thenga isikhova sendlungokuqala ukuziqeqesha naye.

Indawo ehlala le nyoni ingumhlaba wase-Europe, cishe lonke elase-Asia Ephakathi, kanye neChina kanye nenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika. Isikhova sendlu sithanda izindawo ezivulekile - ngakho-ke kulula kuye ukuthola ukudla.

Ayenzeki ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, ababandayo nabasezintabeni. Ngeshwa, imisebenzi yabantu (ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kwezolimo) ibulala ngentshiseko izindlela zayo zemvelo ukuze zibe khona.

Isikhova sisengozini yokuqothulwa. Kulokhu, emazweni amaningi lapho indawo yokuhlala yakhona ifinyelela khona, sekuthathwe izindlela zokuhlose okuhloswe ngazo ukugcina inani lalezi zinyoni ngamanani ajwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwalo. Yaze yafika ekudalweni kwezidleke zokwenziwa ...

Isithombeni sendlu yezinyoni

Isikhova sendlu sinezici eziningi zesici, siqaphela ukuthi, awusoze wasanganisa lolu hlobo lwezikhova nolunye. Isibonelo, kungahlukaniswa ngemininingwane yendiza. Ngalesi senzo, le nyoni ibonakala ikhuphuka emoyeni ngendlela eyi-wavy, noma, empeleni, lokhu akunjalo.

Okunye okuphawuleka kakhulu kwesikhova sendlu ikhanda laso ngamehlo aphuzi aphuzi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nawo wonke umzimba wale nyoni (ungabali amaphiko), icishe ibe likhulu ngokuphindwe kabili.

Isimilo Sendlu Owl Nendlela Yokuphila

Cishe zonke izikhova zihola indlela yokuphila ecashile, yize iqiniso lokuthi, ezimeni eziningi, lingahlala ngisho nasezakhiweni ezonakalisiwe zezindawo zokuhlala. Lolu hlobo lwezikhova luyimele ejwayelekile yezilwane ezisezindaweni eziphansi.

Isikhova sendlu sihlala amahora amaningi egatsheni lesihlahla, silinde sibuke inyamazane. Izindawo ezithandwa yi-Owl okufanele zilindwe yizihlahla ezinde, izigxobo zikagesi, nophahla lwezindlu ezithile.

Lapho isikhova sibona okuhlosiwe kwaso, siyaphucuka ngokushesha bese sishiya emoyeni ngendlela eya lapho silufuna. Ukushushiswa okunjalo kungahlala isikhathi eside kuze kufike umzuzu “ofanele” wokuhlasela.

Uma kunesidingo, isikhova siyakwazi ukulandela isisulu ngisho nasemhlabathini. Kwabaningi isithombe sesikhova sendluenziwe ezimweni zemvelo, umuntu angabona isu elifanayo lokuziphatha kwakhe.

Ukudla Komnikazi Wendlu

Ukudla kwansuku zonke kwesikhova kwendlu kubandakanya ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincane. Le nyoni idla amagundane asemhlabeni (amagundane, izikhwanyana), izinambuzane nezibungu.

Kwesinye isikhathi angabamba isele, uvemvane, ngisho nezinye izinyoni nam amaphuphu azo. Ukuzingela isikhova okusebenzayo kuqala ekushoneni kwelanga futhi kuqhubeke kuze kuse. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi isikhova sendlu siyinyoni ehlakaniphile kakhulu.

Uma enokudla okuningana, ngokuqinisekile uzowadonsela endaweni yokugcina isitoreji. Ukuhogela ukubola kwe-cadaveric kuvame ukuheha izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene esidlekeni saso, okuyinto engahambisani neze nzuzo evela esitokisini sezikhova. Ngokuzayo, bazoba ukudla okwengeziwe kwenkukhu.

Ukuzala nokuphila isikhathi eside kwesikhova sendlu

Isikhathi sokuzalela izikhova zasendlini senzeka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nangasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngokuzalela, owesilisa udonsela insikazi ngosizo lwezimpawu zomzimba ezikhethekile nomdanso wokulinganisa.

Kwesinye isikhathi, uma lezi zenzo zinganele ukuheha ukunakwa kowesifazane, uzama ukumkhanga ngezinye izindlela (ngisho nokudla kungena). Imvamisa edalwa ngababili bezikhova zezindlu ihlala iminyaka eminingana.

Ngalesi sikhathi, zikwazi ukuletha amachwane afinyelela emhlabeni angama-20 (ngonyaka owodwa insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-3-5). Isikhathi sokuqhanyelwa kweqanda sithatha izinsuku ezingama-28. Iminyaka yokuphila kwesikhova esisodwa esinempilo ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-9.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuba nommeli walolu hlobo lwesikhova ekhaya, khumbula lokho isikhova sendlu ekhaya iziphatha ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele. Ukuzibandakanya ekuqeqesheni nasekukhuliseni inyoni enjalo kufanele kube nsuku zonke.

Ungazami ukuzilandela izikhova zasendlini. Le nqubo kufanele yenzeke ezimeni zemvelo. Khumbula ukuthi izikhova ziyizidalwa ezinomlingiswa. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zobudlova maqondana nazo kungaholela ekutheni inyoni imane indize ibaleke kuwe ngesikhathi sokuqala noma, okubi kakhulu, ifa.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi okuqukethwe yisikhova sendlu - Ezokuzijabulisa azibizi. Inyoni nsuku zonke idinga umsoco omuhle, kanye nezimo zokuphila ezamukelekayo. Ngakho-ke, uma usunqume ukuyigcina le nyoni edla inyama, qiniseka ukuthi ulandela zonke izincomo. Ngemuva kwalokho uzoba ngumngane weqiniso kuwe futhi uzohlala nawe isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.

Indawo

Izikhova zezindlu zivamile eYurophu, ngaphandle kwengxenye yayo enyakatho. Ungahlangana nalezi zinyoni eNyakatho Afrika nase-Asia. E-Russia, izinyoni zihlala emaphethelweni aphakathi naseningizimu, kwezinye izifunda ze-Altai, eTransbaikalia.

Ekhulwini leminyaka ngaphambi kokugcina, izikhova zalolu hlobo zalethwa eNgilandi, lapho zangena khona ngokuphelele. Ngekhulu lamashumi amabili, isikhova esincane ngendlela efanayo safika eNew Zealand, lapho saphinde sasakazeka futhi sathatha indawo yaso esimisweni se-ecosystem yesiqhingi.

Emvelweni, izinyoni zihlala, zingazulazuli. Bahlala bobabili emahlathini nasezifundeni ezigasele, bahlela izidleke emigodini, emanxiweni ezakhiwo, emiseleni, nasezinqwaba zamatshe. Ezifundeni eziningi, ungahlangana nezikhova ezincane kumapaki amadolobha, ezindaweni zokuhlala zasehlobo, ezindaweni zokuzijabulisa eziseduzane nezidumbu zamanzi.

Izici Zokubonakala

Into yokuqala noma yimuphi umuntu azoyinaka uma ebuka isithombe sesikhova sendlu ngamehlo ayo amakhulu aphuzi. Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa, futhi kulokhu, mhlawumbe, umehluko ongaphandle obonakalayo ekugcineni komgcini.

Umbala uncike endaweni yokuhlala. Isibonelo, izikhova zaseYurophu ziyehluka ezihlotsheni zazo zaseSiberia ngombala omnyama weplamu, kanye nokuba khona kwamabala amhlophe. Izakhamizi ezisezintabeni zase-Asia zinombala onsundu okhanyayo onsundu. Futhi izikhova ezihlala eCaucasus aziwona kuphela amakhulu kunabo bonke abameleli bezinhlobo, kodwa futhi zikhanya ngombala.

Imisila yalezi zinyoni iba nsundu, enemisho emide.

Izici ezithakazelayo zinamehlo wesikhova. Zifihle ngemuva kwamabili amashiya: eyodwa isetshenziselwa ukuvikela izitho zombono, eyesibili isetshenziselwa ukufifaza, kuthi eyesithathu yenzelwe ukulala.

Ubukhulu bezinyoni buncane. Umuntu omdala ufinyelela isilinganiso sama-25 cm, abe namaphiko wesigamu semitha futhi anesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-150.

Indlela yokuphila

Njengezinye izikhova, isikhova sendlu sisebenza kakhulu ebusuku, kepha uma kunesidingo, singahamba siyongela isikhathi sasemini. Imvelo yamnika ukubona okuhle kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ibona kahle ngokulinganayo kunoma yikuphi ukukhanya.

Phakathi kwezindiza zokuzingela, isikhova esincane sincamela ukufihla emseleni noma esidlekeni.

Umsoco emvelweni

Amagundane e-Vole namanye amagundane amancane, izibankwa, izibungu, izinyamazane eziphakathi nendawo nezinambuzane kuyisisekelo sokudla kwale nyoni. I-owl yendlu ngezikhathi ezithile ingajabulela ukudla kwezitshalo.

Isikhova esincane singabizwa ngokuthi ngumzingeli omuhle kakhulu. Isikhova silinda isisulu, sihleli singalawuleki "ngaphandle kokuzinikela." Lapho ethola lo mdlalo, ngokushesha ubaleka futhi uqala ukuwuphishekela. Izikhova zalezi zinhlobo zindiza ngokushesha kakhulu futhi zingahlala isikhathi eside emoyeni.

Ngokungafani nezihlobo eziningi, isikhova sivame ukuhamba siyofuna amagundane. Le nyoni ebekezelayo, ekwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside, ibheka phansi. Amasu anjalo wokuzingela alungele womabili ama-glade avulekile kanye namathanga.

Lezi zinyoni ziyazi ukuthi zenza kanjani amasheya. Isikhova sidonsa izinsalela zokudla endaweni engenazihambi, bese sivakashela lapho ukuze sidle isidlo sasemini. Njengoba isisekelo sokudla kwezinkukhu yinyama eluhlaza, kulula ukuqagela ukuthi unjani umkhathi ku-pantry. Umkhiqizo, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi efudumele, uqala ukonakala ngokushesha, kanti isikhova se-scavenger sinjalo. Kepha unomsebenzi ohlukile: iphunga lokubola liheha izinambuzane nezilwane ezincane, zona, eziba yisisulu sesikhova esincane.

Imvamisa, izakhamizi zezindlu nezindawo zasemakhaya zithola isikhova endaweni yazo. Akufanele esabe, kungenzeka ukuthi wandiza eyofuna amagundane. Kepha abaninizi abazalanisa izinkukhu ezincane kufanele baqaphele: isikhova siyakwazi ukudonsa inkukhu encane noma idada.

Ukuzalela nokuzalela inzalo

Zonke izikhova zihola indlela yokuphila yemfihlo futhi azithandi ukunakwa kakhulu zona. Izikhova ezindlini nazo zihlukile. Bahlela izidleke zabo kude namehlo okokuhlafuna nezimpelesi ezihlaselayo.

Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Owesilisa unakekela okhethiwe ngosizo lwezingoma ezikhethekile nemidanso. Uma lokhu kungenele, kusetshenziswa amanye amaqhinga, njengokudla.

Izinyunyana ezivuthanayo zezikhova ziqinile, abalingani kwesinye isikhathi abahlukani kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo, yize imvamisa imibhangqwana ingahlukani iminyaka eminingana.

Ku-clutch, imvamisa kusuka emaqanda ama-2 kuya ku-5, amakhulu kakhulu ngosayizi lenyoni encane kangako. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuhlala inyanga.

Izingane zizalwa zincane kakhulu (kufinyelela ku-12 g), embozwe nge-fluff emhlophe, engenakusizwa ngokuphelele, kepha ibonwa. Akhula ngokushesha futhi athole isisindo, futhi kungakapheli nenyanga aqala ukwenza izindiza zokuhlola nabazali bawo. Ukuzingela kuqala lapho ukukhula okuncane kufinyelela eminyakeni engaba yizinsuku ezingama-40. Ngalesi sikhathi, isisindo sesikhova sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-150, futhi ukubukeka kwazo akuhlukile kumzali.

Izitha zemvelo

Phezulu kwechungechunge lokudla, njengoba kungenzeka uqagela, isikhova esincane esidlayo asisikho. Ubuye afihle kulabo abakhulu, abanamandla futhi asebekhulile. Isikhova singaba isisulu sokhozi, ikayithi, i-moorland, i-buzzard.

Labo abathatha isinqumo sokuhlalisa isilwane esingajwayelekile kangako ekhaya labo kufanele bahlaziye zonke izimo. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lezi yizinyoni zasebusuku, futhi ebusuku isilwane singenza umsindo. Ngomthwalo okhethekile kuyadingeka ukwelapha lokho kudla. Isikhova siyisidlakudla esidla inyama eluhlaza, akunakwenzeka ukufaka inyama eluhlaza kumenyu yaso nganoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizo, ngaphandle kwalokho inyoni izoqala ukugula futhi ibe mncane, futhi uma kungekho ukulungiswa kwezondlamzimba ingafa nokufa.

Kepha ngaphezulu, izikhova ezincane zigcinwe kahle. Kunamacala amaningi lapho izikhova ezifanisiwe ziphenduka ama-comrades athembekile nezintandokazi zomhlaba wonke ngisho nasemakhaya abantu abebengazibandakanyi ekugcineni izinyoni.

Inkukhu idinga ukondliwa inyama eluhlaza (inkukhu, i-veal ilungile), ungamupha nezinambuzane. Kepha kufanele ukhumbule umkhuba wezikhova ukwenza amasheya. I- “pantry” ingatholakala noma ikuphi: ngemuva kwebhethri, kugebe phakathi kwesifihlo sofa, endaweni yokulala, ezicathulweni. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukukhulula indlu kulezi zindawo zokucasha, ngoba ekuthunjweni azinayo incazelo esebenzayo, inyoni izenza ngenxa yesazela.

Ikheji lesikhova alidingeki. Lokhu kungasithinta kabi isimo sesikhova esincane. Cishe uzocindezelwa futhi azame ukuphuma, okungadala ukulimala. Kepha uma kunesidingo, i-aviary ingafakelwa kuphela uma isikhova sichitha isikhathi esincane kuyo (ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokungabikho kwabanikazi bendlu).

Ukundiza emoyeni kuvulekile kuphambene ngokuphelele, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi inyoni imane nje indize ibaleke. Isikhova esithunjiwe, esijwayele ukondla njalo nokuzilungiselela, cishe ngeke sikwazi ukuthola ukudla ngokwaso, futhi sethemba umuntu ukuthi singamsebenzela kabi.

Ngokuvamile, lezi zinyoni zinokuziphatha okuhehayo. Bajwayela abantu, bathande ukuxhumana. Ama-ornithologists amaningi kanye nabanikazi babiza amakati okudlala anezinkukhu ezinemikhuba efanayo.

Ukubukeka

Ubude bomzimba wesikhova sendlu abudluli amasentimitha angama-25 ubude, futhi lezi zinyoni zinesisindo samagremu ayi-150. Ngaphandle, lo mmeleli uhlukaniswa ngombala onsundu onsundu nokungabikho kwezindlebe zezimpaphe. Izimpaphe zihlotshiswe ngamabala amhlophe ngemuva. Ikhanda le-owl lincane kakhulu, kepha linentamo ephathekayo ebanzi kakhulu, ekwazi ukujikeleza ifike kuma-degrees ayi-180. Lesi sici sihlotshaniswa nokuqina kwamehlo. I-iris iphuzi elikhanyayo ngombala omkhulu.

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Beak iyi-hue encane emsundu noma ephuzi. Umzimba uqondaniswe kahle, usiza isikhova ukuba sikwazi ukuhamba kalula esikhaleni. Izimpiko zesikhova sendlu zingamasentimitha ayi-15 kuphela ubude. Umsila mncane. Ngenxa yephunga layo elimangalisayo, le nyoni ibukeka inkulu futhi igcwele ngokwengeziwe. Imilenze yesikhova sendlu imfushane futhi imbozwe izimpaphe kwizibambo. Izinzipho, njengabameli abaningi, zibukhali futhi ziqinile.

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Ezempilo Nezikhathi Zokuphila

Izikhova zezindlu zilukhuni. Zinezifo ezithathelwanayo kuphela ngenxa yokungahambelani nomnikazi wezinqubo zokuhlanzeka. Hlanza i-aviary njalo.

Imvamisa, amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla, isikhova sihlakaza imfumbe. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke kunenkinga ngomgudu wokugaya isilwane. Isithunzi esimnyama sedoti kufanele siqaphele futhi, lapho kudingeka khona ukubonisana nochwepheshe.

Uma inyoni ingenampilo, ilahlekelwa yisifiso sayo sokudla, ingabi namusa, iyeka izimpaphe zokuxubha.

Emvelweni, isikhathi sokuphila kwalezi zinyoni kuyaqabukela seqa iminyaka emi-5. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokudla okufanele ekhaya, isikhova singaphila iminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Isithombe: UBrownie Owl

Isikhova sendlu simelela uhlobo oluncane lwezikhova eziqhamuka emndenini wezikhova. Izinyoni zalo mndeni zihlala, njengomthetho, ezindaweni ezivulekile, azizithandi izindiza ezijwayelekile futhi azihambi ebusuku. Izikhova ziyahlukahluka ngosayizi, kepha ikakhulukazi ziyizinyoni ezincane ezidla ikakhulu izinambuzane.

Ividiyo: UBrownie Owl

Ngaphezu kwesikhova sendlu, uhlobo lwesikhova kubandakanya ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezilandelayo:

• Isikhova seBrahmin yisakhamuzi sase-Asia nase-Iran. Kusebenzisana njalo nabantu abasemizini emincane, ngoba kubhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi ezingadala ukuphazamiseka emasimini ezolimo. Lolu uhlobo olujwayelekile kakhulu lwesikhova,
• isikhova sonogwaja (isikhova sonogwaja, isikhova somhume). Ihlala eNyakatho Melika kuphela, ihlala amasimu kanye nezimbila.It got igama layo kude neqiniso lokuthi inyoni idla onogwaja - usayizi wale isikhova lincane kakhulu, ngakho izikhova onogwaja udla izinambuzane. Isikhova sonogwaja simba izimbobo futhi sihlala lapho, yingakho laqanjwa ngegama.

UBrownie owl naye uyilungu elijwayelekile lohlobo. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zahlukaniswa kanjani zaba ngamagatsha amaningana okuziphendukela kwemvelo. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umehluko wabo ulele, okokuqala, ezindaweni ezihlukile futhi, ngakho-ke, ezindleleni ezihlukile zokudla nezindlela zokuziphatha. Isikhova se-brownie sihluke ngezindlela eziningi ezihlotsheni zaso ezisondele kakhulu.

Uhlala kuphi isikhova sendlu?

Isithombe: UBrownie Owl eRussia

Isikhova sendlu siyinyoni ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi isuswe izimpande ezindaweni ezahlukene kanye nakwisimo sezulu esihlukile. Ihlala yonke indawo ngaphandle kweziNgozi zaseNyakatho nezaseNingizimu, izindawo ezishisayo nezindawo ezisenyakatho ekude. Ingatholwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kubandakanya nengxenye yeYurophu yaseRussia. Isikhova esinsundu sahlala kahle e-Asia, enyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, lapho kuqubisana khona nezinye izinhlobo zezikhova, kulwelwa ukutholakala kokudla. Futhi, indawo ahlala kuyo ingabizwa ngokuthi yi-Afrika.

Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zezikhova, isikhova sendlu sigwema izindawo zezintaba, izindawo eziphansi, amahlathi nezulu elinomswakama kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhova sendlu sidinga isikhala esiningi sokwenza izinto ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Futhi akazithandi izifunda lapho umhlabathi umbozwe ungqimba lweqhwa - imilenze yakhe emifushane ayikwazi ukubamba inyamazane iphuma ngaphansi kwakhe.

Ngakho-ke isikhova sendlu sibizwa ngezindlela eziningi ngenxa yokuthi sithanda ukuhlala eduzane nemizana namadolobhana amancane, sihlomisa izidleke zaso ngqo ezakhiweni noma ngaphansi kophahla. Amabhilidi, izakhiwo ezilahliwe kanye namathuna anezikhumbuzo zawo amade nawo afanele indawo yokuhlala.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ngenxa yokuthi izikhova zithanda ukuhlala emathuneni, isikhathi eside abantu babheka lezi zinyoni njengemimoya emibi nezithunywa zobubi.

Futhi, isikhova sendlu sisinda kahle ekhaya. Akunakugcinwa ezinkanjini noma ezindizeni, ngakho abalimi bahlinzeka isikhova igumbi lonke ngokuphakanyiswa okuningana, ukuze inyoni izizwe ikhululekile.

Manje usuyazi ukuthi ihlala kuphi isikhova sendlu. Masibone ukuthi udlani.

Ngabe sidlani isikhova sendlu?

Isithombe: Owl Brownie Owl

IBrownie Owl iyisidlakudla sasebusuku esizingela kusukela kusihlwa kuze kuse. Uma kunesidingo, angandiza ayozingela ntambama - lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi nenkathi lapho izikhova zasendlini zidinga ukondliwa ngamathoyizi. Izikhova zingabazingeli ababekezelela kakhulu abaqhwa emagatsheni ezihlahla futhi balinde isikhathi eside ukuba kubonakale inyamazane.

Ukudla kwabo kufaka phakathi:

Lapho isikhova sendlu sibona inyamazane, inyuka isikhathi eside phezu kwayo, sihlose ukuyiphonsa ngokunembile. Noma kungavela enye inyamazane noma kube nengozi emisebeni yombono, isikhova sendlu siyakushaya indiva lokhu, ngoba sigxile kakhulu kwinyamazane ekhethiwe. Lapho isikhova sesikulungele, siwela isisulu ngetshe bese sisibulala ngaso leso sikhathi ngezingubo ezibukhali. Uma kuwugundwe, khona-ke impi ingahle ivele lapho isikhova singaphumi njalo.

Izinhlwayi zezikhova ezisanda kuphuma esidlekeni esidlekeni ngezinambuzane ngenzalo. Lokhu kubavumela ukuba bakwazi amakhono okuzingela ukuze kamuva babambe inyamazane enkulu. Ngokuvamile, izikhova ziginya inyamazane iphelele kanye namathambo noboya. Kamuva, ukudla okuqinile okungagaywanga kuphuma ngomlomo kungokwesigaxa esiqinile. Kwesinye isikhathi izikhova zizingela ngababili, kanti kulokhu bangahlasela ngisho nembumbulu. Abakwazi ukuyiphakamisela emoyeni, ngakho-ke bayidonsela esidlekeni, iqubule endleleni. Kulokhu, zondla amawundlu ngamabhuluki.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Uma isikhova sibulala igundane lensimu noma ijezi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi futhi sizinza emgodini wephango.

Izikhova zivame ukuhlala emasimini ezolimo, futhi manje abantu ababoni lokhu njengophawu olubi. Izikhova zasendlini zidlala indima yokubamba ikati negundane - zichitha wonke amagundane nezinambuzane eziyingozi, zilungiselela ukudla ubusika, futhi zikufihle ezakhiweni naseziseleni zezihlahla.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Izimbotshana zezikhova

Izikhova ezindlini ziyizinyoni ezinesibindi kakhulu, yize kungenasihluku. Ngokuyisisekelo, uma inyoni ihlala eduze komuntu isikhathi eside, iyeka ukuyesaba futhi ingakwazi ukundiza eduze. Umlingiswa onjalo wenza ukuthi sikwazi ukwenza isikhova inkukhu, yize izikhova ezindlini zigcina imikhuba yazo yasendle.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Isikhova sibizwa nangokuthi ikati elinemikhono ngamakhono ayo okuzingela.

Endle, isikhova siyasebenza kakhulu, futhi lonke ihlobo limatasa ngamasheya. Lezi zinyoni azithandi amafriji, futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukuzingela ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo, ngakho ebusika bazama ukudla izikhala zabo. Lezi zinyoni ezingesabi zingadala izinkinga uma zigcinwa ekhaya, ngoba zinamandla amakhulu. Izikhova ezindlini zihlala ngababili noma zihlala zodwa. Intsha ithanda ukuzingela eyodwa ngesikhathi, yize kwesinye isikhathi izinsizwa zihlela amaqembu amancane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuvuna ”sasehlobo.

Izikhova kuyaqabukela zisebenzisa amakhono azo okufihla - ikakhulukazi, azinandaba ukuthi isitha sazo sizobona yini noma cha. Kodwa-ke, uma uletha isikhova sasendlezi endaweni yakho yasekhaya, izocasha isikhathi eside futhi ikhombise nokufutheka, ngoba ukuguquka kwesimo kungukucindezela kwale nyoni. Ngokuvamile, izikhova zingaba yizinyoni ezinothando nezithokozisayo. Bathanda ukudlala, ukujwayela abantu abathile, ukubazi nokubathatha njengamalungu epakethe.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Owl bird

Isikhathi sokuzalela izikhova zezindlu ziba entwasahlobo. Imvamisa abantu abasha abancane bezikhova ezindlini badala ngababili impilo, ngakho abadingi ukuthi kube nokuthandana ngaphambi kokukhwelana. Labo bantu abakha umbhangqwana okokuqala benza uchungechunge lwezinkambiso: imidanso yesilisa phambi kowesifazane, yenza umsindo ofana nokuphola futhi imlethele izipho - ukudla, kanye namahlumela kanye namaqabunga, angasetshenziswa ukuhlomisa isidleke samantshontsho esizayo.

Uma insikazi yamukela owesilisa, bakha umbhangqwana omude. Isikhova sowesifazane sibekela amaqanda amane kuya kwaba mahlanu, okuyinto esivuthayo ngaphandle kokuphakama endaweni yaso. Sonke lesi sikhathi owesilisa uphethe ukudla kwakhe futhi ngazo zonke izindlela kungenzeka unakekela okhethiwe.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Izikhova ezimbili ezazithunjelwe komunye nomunye ekudingisweni zingenqaba ukuzala. Lezi zinyoni zizikhethela kuphela ezazo ezizithandayo.

Imikhuba ibukeka incane futhi ingenakuzivikela. Isisindo sazo asidluli amagremu ayishumi, zingaboni ngokuphelele. Isonto lokuqala lowesifazane naye unabo, uyabafudumeza futhi afundise nezimpawu ezizwakalayo. Lapho amachwane evula amehlo, insikazi, kanye nowesilisa, iqala ukundiza iyozingela ukondla amawundlu.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amane zokondliwa okuqinile, amaphuphu ayoqina futhi alungele ukundiza ukuphuma esidlekeni. Abazali bangakwazi ngisho nokufuqa amaphuphu angalondekile endizeni yabo yokuqala. Amachwane akha umhlambi omncane futhi abambe omunye komunye kuze kube yilapho ethola umngane womshado. Izikhova zasendlini ziphila cishe iminyaka eyishumi nambili, futhi ngalesi sikhathi izintokazi zifuna amantshontsho angamashumi amabili.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Isithombe: UBrownie Owl

Isikhova sendlu siyinyoni ejwayelekile kakhulu engakaze ibanjwe ngabantu. Kusenkathi lapho abantu babethambekele kakhulu ezinkolelweni, kwahlaselwa izikhova ezindlini, zaxoshwa ezindaweni okuhlala kuzo. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezikhova ezindlini libonakala emazweni ase-Asia. Kukhona amathafa, okuyindawo enhle yokuzingela lezi zinyoni. Sekuyisikhathi eside izikhova ezindlini zibaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo, ngoba zacekela phansi amagundane namagundane adla amasheya okusanhlamvu.

Manje abanye abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bagcina isikhova sendlu ekhaya. Baziveza njengezinyoni ezidlalayo ezithanda ukuxhumana, zithande futhi zijwayele abantu. Ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo, lezi zinyoni zisetshenziselwa ukuhlala eduze kwabantu, ngakho-ke lesi esinye isici sokuthi kungani izikhova ezindlini zihlala kalula ekhaya. Ngaphandle kokusatshalaliswa okukhulu, izikhova zezindlu zibhalwe ezincwadini ezibomvu zezifunda ezithile zeRussian Federation, kanye naseBhuku eliBomvu laseBelarus, Lithuania kanye neLatvia. Izikhova zasendlini azibalwa ku-International Red Book, njengoba kunjalo nangezinye izinhlobo zezikhova.

Isikhova esinsundu - inyoni esebenzayo nomdlwenguli onesibindi. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obuncane, ayakwazi ukuphindisela izilwane ezinkulu nezinyoni, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuhlala izidalwa ezingangqubuzanayo nezilukhuni. Ngenxa yobuntu babo nokubukeka kwayo okuhle, lezi zinyoni zathola uthando lwabantu abaningi manje abaphethe izikhova ekhaya.

Habitat

Indawo yokuhlala yabo yemvelo yi-Eurasia. I-Ukraine, iseningizimu yeRussia, iCaucasus, eningizimu yeSiberia, iningi le-Asia yizindawo ezingabhekwa njengezendabuko yalesi sidalwa esinemibala. Kuyatholakala nasenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika.

Le nyoni izizwa ijwayelekile cishe kunoma yiziphi izimo zemvelo zalezi zindawo. Ihlala emaqeleni, emasimini, emahlathini, ogwadule nakumahlane owomile. Kuyenzeka futhi nasemapaki amadolobha.

Izikhova zasendlini zijwayela kalula ukuhlala ekhaya lomuntu uma zikhuliswa zisencane.

Kepha ngamaphuzu athile ekugcineni inyoni ekhaya, kufanele unake:

1. Isikhova, iselungu elincane lomndeni, singasaba kalula. Ukukhala okuvamisile, umsindo noma imisindo nje enokhahlo kungathinta kabi i-psyche yakhe. Uma indlu ivame ukuphatha amaqembu anomsindo, kufanele ucabangisise kahle ukuthi kufanelekile ukuqala inyoni.
2. Izikhova ezisezingeni lofuzo zinomkhuba wokuthumela. Endle, ikhwalithi ibaluleke kakhulu. Kepha iqiniso ukuthi isikhova ngeke siwushiye lo mkhuba futhi sihlala ekhaya. Lapho azokwenza khona i- “cache”, ungathola ukuthi ngemuva kokubola inyama kuyo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngephunga, ngeke kube nzima ukuthola indawo yokubeka uphawu i-NS. Ukuze ungafiki kulesi simo, jwayela ukubheka izindawo ezahlukahlukene ezingaba yimisebenzi enjalo yamagugu.
3. Izikhova azikwazi ukufakwa ezinkanjini. Icala eleqile kunawo wonke kuyindiza enkulu, yesikhathi sokungabikho kwakho. Yize lokhu kungathandeki kakhulu. Isilwane sakho esilimele singazilimaza enetheni bese silimala.
4. Izikhova zivame ukuba nomqondo onamandla wobunikazi. Banomona ngesikhala sabo somuntu siqu, bawuvikela ngokuphelele kuwo wonke umuntu, kufaka phakathi kuwe. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubhaliswa kwakho kube yingxabano enesisindo sesikhova.
5. Ungalokothi uvumele isilwane sakho sihambele emphemeni, noma lapho singandiza sisuka khona. Njengoba eshiye ngengozi indawo ahlala kuyo inkukhu, isikhova ngeke sikwazi ukubuyela ekhaya. Emvelweni, uzokufa, phela kusukela ebuntwaneni wayehlala nendoda, futhi akahlangene ngokuphelele nempilo yokuzimela.

Amakhethini we-tulle akhanyayo kufanele athathelwe indawo, ngoba isilwane singadideka futhi silimale kuso. Susa izibuko, inyoni ingashayeka ngabo.

Izikhova ziyazithanda izinqubo zokugeza, endle nasekhaya. Umgodi obanzi ongeke wenze.

Izici zokuphila

Izikhova ezindlini ziyizinyoni ezinesibindi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukusondela kumuntu, inyoni ijwayela ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ibe-non-ulaka. Ngenxa yalomlingiswa, isikhova sendlu sesibe ngumngane omuhle womuntu. Izinyoni zithanda ukudlala futhi zithathe abantu ngamalungu omhlambi wazo.

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Endle, isikhova siyasebenza futhi silungiselela ukugcinwa kwemfuyo ngokuza kobusika. Ngokuya ngemvelo, izikhova zasendlini zingahlala ngazimbili futhi zodwa. Ngesinye isikhathi ekuzingeleni iqembu elincane lezikhova kukhethwa, ukuze zikwazi ukubamba inyamazane enkulu.

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Amachwane wesikhova sendlu

I-Enemy House Owl

Ummeleli omncane kangaka wezikhova uvame ukubekwa engcupheni ngabazingeli abakhulu. Njengoba lezi zinyoni zingesabi impela, kulula kakhulu ukuba inyamazane yezilwane ezinjengokhozi, amakhayithi, izimpungushe, izinsimbi noma izinsimbi zomzimba. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo, isikhova sendlu siqinile impela. Ungalwa nezitha zakhe emuva ngezihlakala zakhe eziyishumi nomlomo obukhali.

Ukuzalela nokuphila isikhathi eside kwesikhova esifuywayo

Lapho kuqala intwasahlobo, izinyoni zakha imvelo yokuzalwa. Owesilisa, esethole inenhliziyo yenhliziyo yakhe, futhi lokhu unabo unomphela, impilo yakhe yonke, useqala ukuthandana. Uyadidizela, uyajina.

Uma uMadame engeyona into eyisigebengu, khona-ke umfene uyaqhubeka nokuzingela ukuze kamuva ondle insikazi ekhethiwe. Lapho konke ukudlala ngothando kuqeda ngenjabulo, futhi inqubo yokuphelela sekuphothuliwe, insikazi ibeka amaqanda.

Kungahle kube nokuthathu, noma mhlawumbe kube yisithupha. Isikhashana esingaphansi kwenyanga, umama okhulelwe ufaka amaqanda, adale izinga lokushisa elifanele lokukhula. "Umyeni" ngalesi sikhathi akahambi kude "nomkakhe", kodwa uyondla kahle.

Uma izikhova ezifuywayo zithunjiwe, khona-ke ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngeke zizale. Badinga ukudala izimo ezinjalo ukuze izinyoni ngokwazo zikhethe ngababili.

Imikhaza izalwa incane kakhulu. Isisindo sabo asidluli kumagremu ayishumi. Kumbozwe ukukhanya okukhanya nobumpumputhe ngokuphelele. Amehlo amachwane azovulwa ngesonto lesibili lokuphila. Ngoba basebumnyameni ngokuphelele ngalesi sikhathi.

Inyanga yonke, abazali bazondla izingane zabo ngokoqobo. Futhi labo ngezinsuku ezingamashumi amane bafinyelele usayizi womuntu omdala. Ngalesi sikhathi bazokwazi ukundiza, ukuzingela, futhi bayobe sebelungele impilo yokuzimela.

Ngoba ngejubane, abazali babo bayobashiya kuze kube phakade. Amachwane azohlala ndawonye kuze kube yilapho wona uqobo ethola umngane womshado futhi ahlakazekele ebudaleni. Izikhova ziphila iminyaka eyishumi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, zingaletha emhlabeni amaphuphu angamashumi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Lezi zinyoni zithathwa njengezidingeka kakhulu phakathi kwezinyoni ezidla inyama. Ngoba balwa namagundane amancane, ngokufana nabantu.

Uma umuntu ethathe isinqumo sokuthola isilwane esinjalo, khumbula izikhova ezifuywayo ekhaya thanda uthando olukhulu kakhulu. Futhi uma, kwinqubo yokufundisa, umemeza noma ngandlela thile ucasule igundane lasekhaya, angagula, andize noma afe.

Futhi naphezu kwakho konke okulula isikhova sasekhaya azinkulu, azikhonkothi, azisabalazi uboya, azibhemi. Noma kunjalo, badinga izindleko ezihambisanayo. Njengoba kufanele babe nokudla okufanele kanye nezimo zokuboshwa eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ngokwemvelo.

Abantu baqala ukuthola lezi zinyoni ngokwengeziwe, futhi amanani azo anda kaningi ngaphezulu. Thenga isikhova sasekhaya, manje akusaseyona nkinga. Kunezikhangiso eziningi ku-World Wide Web. Futhi, kubafuyi bezindlu, bazonikeza izeluleko ngokugcinwa nokunakekelwa kwabo.

Amananiuseekhayaizikhova ahlukahlukene. Kunezikhangiso lapho zinikela ukuthenga inyoni ngezinkulungwane eziyisi-5, futhi kukhona ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20. Kepha ngesizathu esithile, ngezizathu ezingaziwa, inani lalezi zinyoni lincishiswa kakhulu. EBelarus, izikhova ezifuywayo zifakwe ku-Red Book.