Izinzipho zangempela, noma izimbungulu (lat. Buteo) - uhlobo lwezinyoni zomndeni oludla lubi. Ziyahluka ngobukhulu obuphakathi, umzimba oqinile namaphiko ububanzi. Kusatshalaliswe kahle kuzo zombili izihloko.

I-Etymology

Amagama athi "i-buzzard" ne "buzzard", ngokusobala, futhi angamagama afanayo olimini lwabantu. I-etymology yokuqala ayicaci. Mhlawumbe uhlangana neTurkic "Sary" - ephuzi - ngenxa yokufakwa imibala kwenyoni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le nyoni inegama elithi “Sarn” ngesiPolish, ngakho igama elithi “Sarych” mhlawumbe lisuselwa eSlavic.

Ngolimi oludala lweSlavonic, igama elithi "buzzard" (kubabhali bakudala kwesinye isikhathi ngokunembile "umkhwenyana", kuDahl "buzzard") lalikhona ku "kanja" ohlukile. I-etymology yaleli gama, ehlongozwa izichazamazwi, ihlala ihlotshaniswa nokukhalwa okukhanyayo kwezinyoni (ukucela - ukuncenga ngokungahambi kahle, izicelo ezihlukumezanayo). Igama elisondele kakhulu elibonisa ukukhala okusobala linenyoni kwezinye izilimi eziningi, ngokwesibonelo, ezilimini zaseJalimane libizwa ngokuthi i-buzzard noma i-bussard evela kwi-Old Germany Bus-hala, okusho ukuthi "ukhozi okokhobayo".

Mhlawumbe igama elithi "i-buzzard" ekuqaleni lalizwakala njenge- "canook" futhi lihlotshaniswa ne-Old Slavic "canute" ngokusho kokuthi "ukuwa." Ukuwela inyamazane yabo kuwuphawu lokuziphatha kwama-buzzards ngesikhathi sokuzingela.

Ukubukeka

Amabhisikidi ayizinyoni eziphakathi nendawo ezinamaphiko. Ubude bomzimba obungu-40-60 cm, isisindo ukusuka ku-400 g kuya ku-1 kg, ngaphansi kaningi. Izinsikazi zikhulu kancanyana kunabesilisa. Ikhanda lifushane futhi libanzi, liyindilinga ngesimo. Izimpiko zinde futhi zibanzi; amaphiko azo avela kumitha eyodwa kuya kwesigamu. Kukhona indawo emnyama ekugogeni kwephiko ehlukanisa izimbungulu kubadli bezinyoka kanye namasela. Umsila ubanzi, umfishane futhi uyindilinga kancane. Umbala wehluke kakhulu. Kwabaningi, amathoni abomvu futhi ansundu ahamba phambili ngombala, kubantu abasha yi-tan.

Indiza indiza ngokukhululeka, ngamaphiko abushelelezi wokuphapha, evama ukwenyuka. Imikhawulo yephiko inesimo se- “palmate”, sici sokulingana. Ngesikhathi sendiza ehamba kancane (ukuhlela), umnyango we-carpal uyabuyiselwa bese wehliswa kancane.

Ukubhebhetheka

Onke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica ne-Australia. Ezinye izinhlobo zinwebekile futhi zikhona emazwenikazi amaningana, kanti ezinye zinobubanzi obulinganiselwe. Izinhlobo ezihlala kulezi zindawo ezisenyakatho zenza ukufuduka kwesizini, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezishisayo - izidabuli. Zihlala ikakhulu emahlathini, kepha kunezinhlobo ezikhetha izikhala ezivulekile.

Ukuhlukaniswa

Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kuya kuhlobo izimbungulu zingaba zezinhlobo ezingama-26 kuya kwezingama-31:

Uhlobo lwe-Buzzard kwesinye isikhathi luhlukaniswa kuhlobo lwe-monotypic Rupornis.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezithile zezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ziyaziwa eNyakatho Melika, kufaka phakathi:

• I-Buteo fluviaticus (I-Middle Oligocene)
• Buteo gradors (I-Middle Oligocene)
• I-Buteo antecursor (Late Oligocene)
• Buteo ales (Kuqala uMiocene) - ex. Geranospiza
• I-Buteo typhoius (I-Loc Miocene)
• I-Buteo contortus (I-Loc Miocene) - ex. Geranoaetus
• I-Buteo Conterminus (I-Late Miocene / i-Pliocene yasekuqaleni) - isb. Geranoaetus

Amanothi

1. ↑ 12G.P. Dementiev. I-Sarych noma i-buzzard (i-Buteo buteo) // Izinyoni zeSoviet Union, vol 1. - M .: Sov. isayensi. 1951
2. ↑ I. G. Lebedev, V. M. Konstantinov. ISIMANGALISO NOKUQINISEKISA KWAMANYE AMAZWE AMANINGI WAMANZI WOKUZALWA KWEZOBUCHWEPHESHE KANYE NE-OWL YASEKHAYA LENKOLO YASERUSA. Ingqungquthela ye-III ngama-raptors aseMpumalanga Yurophu naseNyakatho ye-Asia: Izinto zokwenziwa kwengqungquthela ngoSepthemba 15-18, 1998 Stavropol: SSU, 1999. Ingxenye 2. C. 80-96.
3. ↑ 12UGalushin V.M., Drozdov N.N., Ilyichev V.D., Konstantinov V.M., Kurochkin E.N., Polov S.A., Potapov R.L., Flint V.E., Fomin V .E. Izwe lomhlaba. Izinyoni. Isiqondisi. - M: Agropromizdat, 1991 .-- S. 85. - 311 k. - I-ISBN 5-10-001229-3.
4. ↑I-Ryabitsev V.K. Izinyoni zama-Urals, ama-Urals kanye neNtshonalanga yeSiberia. - M: Indlu Yokushicilela ye-Ural University, 2001. - P. 115. - 608 k. - I-ISBN 5-7525-0825-8.
5. ↑ 1234Boehme R. L., Dinets V. L, Flint V. E., Cherenkov A. E. Izinyoni. I-Encyclopedia of the Nature of Russia (ihlelwe nguV.E. Flint). - M: ABF, 1998 .-- S. 111. - 432 k. - I-ISBN 5-87484-045-1.

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Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo

Le buzzard esakazekile iyinyoni egcina imfihlo futhi ihlala ihlala phakathi kwezimila eziminyene; ezindaweni ezivulekile ingabonakala kakhulu ebusika. Uhla lokuphanga lwe-buzzard ebomvu enamanzi lubanzi kakhulu futhi luhlanganisa izinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izibankwa, izinyoka, amasalamanders, amasele, ubuhlalu ngisho nezinambuzane.