I-Scarlet barbus (Puntius) ingummeleli okhanyayo womndeni wakwaKarpov. Lezi izinhlanzi ezincane zeselula ezinobude bomzimba obungu-5- 10 cm. Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo, i-barbus ebomvu ihlala izidumbu zamanzi zeRiphabhlikhi yaseMyanmar, India, Thailand neHimalaya. Incazelo yokubukeka:
- Umzimba uphakeme, uthambile kancane emiphongolweni.
- Amaphiko we-Dorsal esobala ngokufaka uphawu okumnyama.
- Ikhanda lingunxantathu ngesimo, likhombe kancane esicongweni.
- Isikali sikhulu, sichazwe kahle, sinama-hue esiliva anamandla.
- Kusuka ekhanda kuya kufizi le-caudal kukhona umucu we-hue ovuthayo.
- Amaphiko we-ventral abomvu. Kunamabala amabili amnyama atholakala ezinhlangothini - eziteshini eziseduzane nasekusikeni komsila.
Kukhona nefomu elihlanganisiwe - i-Odessa red barbus, ethola igama ngoba yaqale yathunyelwa ku-Odessa ngesikhathi sokuhamba isuka eVietnam. I-Odessa barbus ipendwe ngamathoni aluhlaza okotshani, futhi amaphini, ngaphandle komsila, anezinhlamvu ezimnyama.
Endle, isikhathi sokuphila salezi zinhlanzi ezingenakuqhathaniswa futhi ezimibalabala ziyiminyaka engama-2-2,5, kepha ekhaya, i-Odessa noma i-barbus ebomvu iyakwazi ukuhlala iminyaka eyi-5.5.
Ama-scarlet barbs, njengabanye abamele i-genus Puntius, ayizilwane ezifuywayo ezingenasisekelo, ngakho-ke okuqukethwe kwawo kuletha injabulo kuphela. Ukuze uphile ekudingisweni, izinhlanzi zidinga ithangi elibanzi elinemvelo yasemanzini ehlanzekile, egcwele umoya-mpilo kanye nomfudlana omnene.
I-barbus ebomvu ingumhlambi wezinhlanzi, futhi ukuze isilwane singabhajwa ku-aquarium kuphela, udinga ukuthenga okungenani abamele abangu-6. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ezifuywayo zizoba nengcindezi nokugula, umbala wazo uzobuna, nokuhamba kwazo kunciphe. Lapho uhlela i-aquarium yama-puntius abomvu, kufanele unamathele kule mithetho elandelayo:
- Ubude besitsha kufanele okungenani bube ngu-60 cm, umthamo kufanele okungenani ube ngama-70 amalitha.
- Ingaphambili le-aquarium kanye nesikhungo kufanele lihlale likhululekile ukubhukuda. Ubukhazikhazi nemifino kutyalwe kangcono ezinhlangothini nasemuva ethangini.
- Kufakwa isihluzi esinamandla ku-aquarium ukuhlanza amanzi, okuzokwakha nokugeleza.
- Inhlabathi ikhethwe ngama-coarse-grained, ngaphandle kwezinhlayiya ezibukhali, ngoba ama-barbs ahlala egaya enhlabathini angalimala.
- Ukushisa - 20-25C.
- I-Acidity - 6.5-7 pH.
- Ubulukhuni - i-10-15 dH.
Kufanele kukhethwe izindawo zokukhosela ezinhlobonhlobo nama-grottos njengemihlobiso ye-aquarium, ngoba i-barbus ebomvu iyathanda ukucasha futhi idlale ukubanjwa kwezihlobo. Ukukhetha ubuhle bendawo, udinga ukugwema izinto ezinemiphetho ebukhali, izinhlanzi ezingazilimaza zona, kanye nemikhiqizo enobuthi nengaphephile ekhipha izinto eziyingozi emanzini. Izitshalo zingatshalwa ukunambitheka kwakho, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-puntius ebomvu ingemba umhlabathi, ozolimaza izimbali ezingaphansi kwamanzi ngohlelo lwempande oluthambile. Ungaxazulula inkinga ngokubeka i-algae yokufakelwa, izinhlobo ezintantayo zezimbali noma izimila ezinezimpande ezinamandla ethangini.
Ukukhanyiselwa kwama-barbs kusetha ngokulinganisela, ngoba izinhlanzi azithandi ukukhanya okugqamile kakhulu noma ukuntuleka kwawo. Inketho ekahle kungaba ukubeka isitsha ngefasitela - izinhlanzi zizothanda ukukhanya kwelanga, kuthi kusihlwa ukhanyise isibani sasemuva.
Ukondla
Emvelweni, i-puntius ebomvu idla izibungu nezinambuzane, njalo ifuna ukudla. Ekuthunjweni, izinhlanzi zikhombisa ukungazethembi ezindabeni zokudla, futhi ngentokozo zidla izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokudla:
Ukudla okuningi kufanele kube ukudla kwemvelaphi yezilwane, iphesenti elincane - imifino. Uma usuthisa ama-barb kuphela ngokudla okubukhoma, khona-ke izinhlanzi ziyagula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-Puntius obomvu athambekele ekudleni ngokweqile, futhi amathe ngokweqile - amawadi e-aquarium alungele ukudla amahora angama-24. Ukugwema izinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona, kufanele ulawule ngokucophelela usayizi wengxenye futhi unikeze izinhlanzi amahlandla angaphezu kuka-2 ngosuku.
Ukuvumelana
Lapho ukhetha omakhelwane amabha abomvu, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuhamba ngokweqile nokungabi nabulungisa kwalezi zinhlanzi ezinhle. Othisha bangadala inkathazo enkulu ekuhambeni kancane futhi okukhulu ngokubabazekayo, ukufinyelela njalo kubantu abahlala nabo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ama-barbs akhombisa ukuthambekela kwe-hooligan - aluma amadevu, amaphiniphu abolile. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukuba uqukethe ama-puntius abomvu anemisila, guppies, Goldfish kanye gourami.
Ngaphandle kokuhamba nokuqina komlingiswa, ama-barbs uqobo angaba isidlo sezinhlanzi ezidliwayo, ngakho-ke, ukuhlaliswa okuhlanganyelanayo kwamaphisi ngama-phenotypes anolaka futhi amakhulu kufanele kugwenywe. Ama-scarlet barbs akhombisa ukuhambisana okuhle nezinhlobo ezihlobene, kanye ne-mollies, iCongo, i-tetra ne-zebrafish.
Incazelo
Umzimba uphakama okusaqanda, uthambile kamuva. Umugqa we-lateral awuphelele, isikali esikhulu. U-Antenae akekho Ngemuva ngimpunga okuluhlaza okotshani, izinhlangothi ziyisiliva ngopende onensimbi, isisu simhlophe. Owesilisa uhluke kowesifazane lapho kukhona indwangu ebomvu ekhanyayo emzimbeni. Emvelweni, i-barbus ikhula ibe ngu-10 cm, ku-aquarium 6-8 cm.
Ukubhebhetheka
Ihlala emanzini amasha futhi angakashisi emiseleni, imisele neminye imithombo enamanzi enaphansi enodaka.
Umlingisi unokuthula, umhlambi (okungenani izinhlanzi ezi-6), mobile. E-aquarium, izingqimba zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi.
Izinhlanzi ezingabekezeleleki ezimnandi, kepha zithambekele ekubusheni. Izinga lokushisa elinconyelwayo ngu-24-26 ° C, pH 6.5-7.8, nobulukhuni bamanzi 4-20 ° dH. Umthamo onconyiwe uvela kumalitha angama-50.
Ayikwazi ukugcinwa inhlanzi enamaphini amade noma weveli.
Ukubukeka
I-Scarlet barbus - isici sale nhlanzi enhle umucu obanzi obomvu okhanyayo emzimbeni wonke. Kwakungenxa yakhe ukuthi ibarbus yabizwa ngokuthi “obomvu”. Emadodeni, ukumaka okungokwemvelo okunjalo kufaka imibala nomsila. Umzimba we-barbus obomvu unjamo okusaqanda, ubude bawo futhi bucaba busuka ezinhlangothini. Umbala oyinhloko wale nhlanzi uyisiliva, kepha ingemuva limbozwe luhlaza, kanti amaphini apendwe ngamachashazi amnyama.
Kuyathakazelisa! Isisu sebarbus esibomvu siqokonyiswa ngombala okhanyayo, kanti namaphiko anamachashazi abomvu. Izinhlangothi zeScarlet Barbus endaweni yomsila kanye namaphiko we-pectoral ambozwe izindawo ezimnyama ezinezimpawu zegolide. Isikali sezinhlanzi sikhulu futhi sivelele ngokuningile ngesimo se-mesh esihlukile.
Ngokwedatha yangaphandle, kungenzeka ngokushesha ukwahlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane, ngokubukeka kwabo okuhle nokugqamile, umbala opinki, kanye nomucu obomvu emzimbeni, okuthi ngesikhathi sokukhanya ube usugcwele, uzuze umbala obomvu onsundu.
Ukuphila endalweni
Indawo yase Scarlet Barbus iyingxenye enkulu yezindawo ezihlala amaNdiya, ezibandakanya izifunda kanye nezinsizakalo zaseBangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, China, India, kanye neHimalaya. Kukulezi zindawo lapho kunamachibi amaningi angenamifula nemifula (i-Irrawaddy, Meklong, Mekong, njll.) Enenkambo ezolile, esebenza njengekhaya "lezinhlanzi zomndeni we-cyprinid, kubandakanya ne-barbus ebomvu.
Ihlanzelwe phansi komfula le nhlanzi indawo enhle yokudla. “Ekuzingeleni” umgqoko obomvu ushiya phakathi nosuku. Naphezu kokubukeka kwayo okuhle, izinhlanzi zaziwa ngabezazi zasemanzini eYurophu kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Njengamanje, ngokwengeziwe, le mihlambi enemibalabala ithola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathandi bezinhlanzi zasemanzini abazenzela abantu.
Abamele lolu hlobo lwama-barbs abathandi isizungu, kodwa eqenjini elinengxenye yeshumi nambili elifanayo nokuningi - bazokwembula kangcono amakhono abo njengamalungu e-pack kanye nabazongenela iqembu.
Isidingo se-Aquarium
Ukuze uthuthuke ngokugcwele, badinga imidlalo, okuyothi nayo, umnikazi onakekelayo alandele umthetho wasendaweni: kweqembu elilodwa elinjalo labantu abangama-5-7, kubalulekile ukwaba umthamo wamanzi okungenani amalitha angama-50. Lezi zinhlanzi azizibekeli phambili izidingo ezikhethekile zamapharamitha ayo amahle, ngakho-ke amanzi anombuso wokushisa we-18-25 ° C, pH 6.5-7, nobulukhuni dH 5-15 kuzolingana. Kepha ubumsulwa bamanzi ku-aquarium kanye nokugcwala komoya-mpilo kuyodingeka kubhekwe ngokucophelela, okuyimpoqo yokuhlunga lamanzi, ukubuyisele esikhundleni ngeviki lesithathu kanye ne-aeration.
I-Aquarium ifiseleka ukwakheka kwesikwele. Ingaphakathi le-aquarium kufanele linikeze isikhala samahhala enkabeni, okuzokwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukucabanga ngemidlalo kanye nokugqwala kwezinhlanzi eziwele emhlanjini, futhi odongeni olude naseceleni kodonga oluseceleni kwe-aquarium kufaneleke kakhulu ukuhlela uhlaza lwe-algae, oluzovumela imigoqo ebomvu ukuthi idlale yinye phakathi nemidlalo nezinhlanga. fihla umngani kuyo. Kungaba nokuza okuphathelene namatshe amatshe amakhulu, i-driftwood, nezinye izinto ezahlukahlukene zokwakheka kwangaphakathi kwama-aquariums. Bathanda ama-barb ukukhanya kakhulu. Kulabo abathanda ama-barbs agxuma, ikhava le-aquarium libalulekile ngesibani esikuyo enkabeni noma eduze kodonga olungaphambili lwe-aquarium, okunikeza ukukhanya okungokwemvelo, kodwa hhayi okukhanyayo.
Isabelo se-Scarlet barb, ukudla
Emvelweni, i-barbus ebomvu idla konke ukudla kwezitshalo nokudla kwezilwane (izibungu, izinambuzane, kubandakanya ne-detritus). Ngakho-ke, equkethe i-hydrobiont ekhanyayo ekhaya, awunakukhathazeka ngezimpawu zokuphakelwa. Into esemqoka ukuthi umondle ngokudla okulinganiselayo nokuhlukahluka okufana nasesimweni semvelo. Yize kunjalo, yilesi sici esithinta impilo, umbala omuhle nokungahlali kwezinhlanzi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Imenyu ye-barbus ebomvu ingukudla eqandisiwe, bukhoma (i-coretra, ama-bloodworms, izigcawu ze-cyclops, ishubhu) futhi yomile. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngemifino, ngakho-ke kuhle ukufaka isaladi, isipinashi kokuphakelayo nokutshala izitshalo ezinama-ejwayelekile ezansi kwe-aquarium - i-cryptocarin, i-echinodorus, i-anubias.
Kungcono ukunika ukuphakelwa okucwila phansi, okuphakelayo okungashisi kuzoholela ekungeneni kwesibalo somoya esikhulu senhlanzi, esizophazamisa ukuhamba kwabo okujwayelekile ngokusebenzisa ama-aquarium expanses nokwenza kube nzima ukujula. Ukudla kwama-barbs abomvu kuyafana nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwezinhlanzi zase-aquarium, okungukuthi, okunempilo futhi okulinganiselayo. Zombili izintokazi nezinsikazi zamabha zithambekele ekubusheni, okumele kubhekwe futhi kubhekwe lapho kudalwa ukudla. Imonotony futhi njalo, ukondla okuningi kugcwele ukukhuluphala nokufa ngesigaxa esibomvu. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okufanelekile ukondla ekuseni futhi ukondla kusihlwa, amahora angama-3-4 ngaphambi kokucisha amalambu e-aquarium. Kungcono ngisho nakanye ngesonto ukuhlela "usuku lokulamba" lwabantu abadala.
Ukuzalela ekhaya
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokuvamile, ukuzalaniswa nokutshala okwalandela kwenzalo yalezi zakhamizi ezinemibala esebenzayo yezindawo zasemakhaya akudingi mzamo omkhulu kanye nezindleko. Kwanele ukuhlomisa umhlabathi okhephukile (i-aquarium enomthamo wamalitha angama-20) enezitshalo ezinezimbali ezinamahlamvu amancane, futhi ibeka amatshe lapho futhi inikeze ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
Amanzi kufanele abe ngamadigri ambalwa ukuphakama kunamanzi asemanzini amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-aquarium enjalo kufanele ibe nokuhlukaniswa okuvimbela ukuxhumana ngaphambi kwesikhathi phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane.
Kuleli khaya lesikhashana, owesilisa nowesifazane kufanele bagcinwe amaviki 1 kuya ku-2, abanikeze ukudla okwanele, kepha hhayi ngokweqile. Ndawonye, insikazi izoqala ukukhipha amaqanda, kuthi owesilisa ayivundise. Kubalulekile ukulandelela ukuphela kwale nqubo ukubuyisa izinhlanzi e-aquarium eyinhloko ukugwema ukudla i-caviar noma gazinga. Ngezinhloso ezifanayo, ungasebenzisa igridi evumela ukuthi amaqanda adlule futhi avimbele ukuhlukunyezwa kwabazali.
Ngosuku ongalindela ukuvela kwezinsana, ngosuku lwesithathu zidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngokudla okulinganayo (ama-ciliates, ama-microworms). Lapho ziphenduka inyanga inonyaka, kungcono ukuhlukanisa okuphakelayo ngezinhlaka zezitshalo. Ezinyangeni ezintathu nesigamu, i-fry iqala ukukhombisa izici zobulili, ezogcina ibunjwe ngasekupheleni kwenyanga ezayo.
Ukuthenga i-Scarlet Barbus
Okwamanje, kunesifiso esikhulayo sabamele lezi zinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingancishwa ukunaka ngokungafanele ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke, labo abafisa ukuthenga i-barbus ebomvu bangahlangabezana nezinkinga zokuyithola. Umtholi wezinhlanzi zakhe ozifisayo kusafanele aqhubeke nenqubo yokuhlola abafakizicelo nokukhetha abafanele, noma, ngokunemba, ukubheka abantu abangafanele.
Vele, ukuze ukhethe ummeleli onempilo walezi zinhlanzi, udinga ukwazi ukubukeka kwazo nezici ezihlukile, kanye nokuhluka kwazo kokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kufanele unake ukuhamba kwezinhlanzi, ukudlala kwazo - ama-barbs anempilo ukubhukuda angakhathali, athanda ukusebenza futhi aze 'ahlasele' omakhelwane. Ukukhohlisa, ukungakhombisi intshisekelo yemidlalo nokuphakelwa kwezinhlanzi, kungcono ukungathengi, noma ngabe isikhala se-aquarium asihlanzekile kakhulu futhi umthengisi ubhekisa kulesi sizathu njengesizathu sokuthola kwabo.
Kodwa ngisho nabantu abanesifiso esihle sokudla bangaba nezinkinga zempilo, njengoba izimpawu zangaphandle ngesimo se-shrunken emuva, ikhanda le-bony kanye ne-scruff zingaphakamisa - kungcono ukungathathi izinhlanzi kule aquarium, ngoba ingatheleleka nge-mycobacteriosis. Imvamisa, ama-barb abomvu anama-immune angajwayelekile futhi athambekele kakhulu ezifweni zamagciwane.
Kuyathakazelisa! Uma ufuna ukuthenga izinhlanzi ngokuzalanisa, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi insikazi inkulu kuneyeduna, kanti owesilisa upendwe ngokukhazimulayo. Kunoma yikuphi, izikali zazo kufanele zihlanzeke futhi zingabi nezikhala.
Izindleko ezilinganiselwe zomuntu oyedwa webhali elibomvu zingama-ruble ayikhulu namashumi amahlanu.
Ukuzala
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwamakhambi abomvu ekhaya kulula futhi kulula - kuphela ukunqwabelana kanye nezinhlanzi ezimbalwa zobulili obuhlukile kuyadingeka ukuthola inzalo oyifunayo. Ungahlukanisa owesilisa nowesilisa ngokwahlukana okulandelayo:
- Amadoda amancane kunabesifazane, kodwa anombala okhanyayo.
- Izinhlanzi zabesifazane ziyindilinga futhi zikhulu, zinombala ogqamile.
Esikhathini sokuqhuma, izimila bukhoma zitshalwa ngaphakathi, futhi phansi ithangi ligcwele inetha, okudingekayo ukuvikela amaqanda kubazali abanamandla. Izinga lamanzi elisebhokisini lediphozi akufanele libe ngaphezu kwama-17 cm, ukukhanya kufanele kunganciphisi, njengoba i-caviar yamamabha izwela ukukhanya.
Ukuqhuma kwe-Scarlet Puntius kuvame ukwenzeka ekuseni: ngemuva kokuqomisana nokukhwelana, insikazi iginya amaqanda, ahlanganiswe ngumzali wesibili. Ngemuva kokuphothula kwenqubo, izinhlanzi zidluliselwa ku-aquarium yakudala ngezizathu zokuphepha. Ngemuva kosuku, kuvela izibungu, okuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-4 ziguqulwe zibe nefry. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinsana sezingaqala ukondliwa uthuli bukhoma, imikhovu kanye nesibungu somhlabathi.
Amarabha ama-Scarlet ayizinhlanzi ezingenakubekelwa phansi, okuqukethwe nokunakekelwa okungenziwa ngisho nomuntu ongumqali wasemanzini angakwenza. Ngokubheka ukukhuthazela, amandla nokubukeka okukhangayo kwezinhlanzi, ama-scuba divers amaningi athola i-puntius ebomvu, ngokuzalanisa ngokuzalanisa lezi zinhlanzi ekhaya.