I -fishfish ejwayelekile | |||
---|---|---|---|
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi | |||
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
Buka: | I -fishfish ejwayelekile |
Lepisma saccharina ULinnaeus, 1758
Isikali Esijwayelekile , noma ushukela flake (lat. Lepisma saccharina), yisinambuzane esincane esingenamaphiko esivela ekuhlelweni kwemisila yensimbi, kwesinye isikhathi ehlala ezakhiweni zokuhlala noma kumadepho okudla.
Ubude besinambuzane singamasentimitha angama-0.8-1.9. Umzimba uyisicaba, kancane kancane udonsa uze ufike ekugcineni, ngemuva kokuthi umolt wesithathu embozwe ngezikali ezincane zesiliva-grey. Ngenxa yezikali zayo, lesi sinambuzane sathola igama laso lesiRussia. Imicu emithathu isuka emsileni, emibili iqondiswe ezinhlangothini enye emuva. Izimpondo ezinde ziya phambili zisuka ekhanda. Nge-silverfish, enye yama-centipedes ezinyaweni ezinomlenze kwesinye isikhathi ithathwa ngephutha - i-flycatcher evamile (Scutigera coleoptrata), ehlukahluka ku-silverfish ngenani elikhulu lemilenze emide.
AbakwaSilverfish bakhetha izindawo ezimanzi nezimnyama - emvelweni bangatholakala kumahlamvu awile, ngaphansi kwezihlahla, amatshe, njll. Izindlu zangaphakathi, nazo zithanda izimo ezifanayo - uma indlu imile futhi ilula, khona-ke isilivafish ngeke libe lapho. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-silverfish ivela ezindaweni ezishisayo - izimo zabo zokuphila ziphezulu + 21 ... + 26 ° C kanye nomswakama wama-75-97%. Iyasebenza ebusuku, ifihla sonke isikhathi. Uma kwenzeka kuthintwa ukukhanya, zizama ukufihla ngokushesha. Bahamba ngokushesha, bema ngamafuphi lapho behamba khona.
Ukondla ngokudla kwezitshalo okuqukethe isitashi noma ama-polysaccharides, ukudla kwawo kungahlanganisa ushukela, ufulawa, i-glue, ukubopha incwadi, iphepha, izithombe eziqukethe izicubu zesitashi. Ukusuka ezindaweni zokugcina kungalethwa endlini ngokuthengwa kwephepha lasendlini yangasese noma amakhadibhodi ngamathawula amaphepha. Ayinangozi kubantu nasezwaneni ezifuywayo futhi ayizithwali zezifo, kodwa ingonakalisa iphepha eliluhlaza.
Ama-Silverfish ayingozi ebantwini futhi awakuluma. [ umthombo awucacisiwe izinsuku ezingama-221 ] Amacala wokuxhumana kwabantu ne-silverfish awazange aveze umthelela omubi empilweni yabantu. [ umthombo awucacisiwe izinsuku ezingama-221 ]
Ukubonakala kwesilivafish
I-Silverfishfish ejwayelekile (ushukelafishfish), isithombe
Ukuze uqaphele lesi sinambuzane esincane futhi esingathandeki, kufanele uzijwayeze ngezimpawu zalo zangaphandle. Abantu abadala bafinyelela ubude bomzimba ofinyelela ku-1,9 cm (ngaphandle kwezimpondo). Njengoba zikhula kuyo yonke impilo, osayizi iningi le-silverfish lisukela ku-0.8 kuya ku-1,2 cm.
Umzimba wezinambuzane uyisicaba impela, ikhanda lihlukaniswa kancane komzimba wonke. Isifuba sibanzi. Kancane kancane umzimba ugxumela emsileni, futhi futhi unezigaba ezicashile. Imbozwe esikalini eshintsha umbala ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilikisa.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-silverfish yi-silverfish ejwayelekile noma ishukelafishfish (isithombe ngakwesobunxele).
Phakathi kwemithunzi ehlukanisayo:
- nsundu (kuze kucishe kube mnyama),
- uphuzi onsundu noma ophuzi (okuvame kakhulu ezinambuzaneni ezisencane)
- ophuzi okhanyayo noma omhlophe (umbala ongafani nalutho),
- isiliva (umzimba wommeleli onjalo uhlukaniswa yi-tint ebandayo ekhanyayo).
I-silverfish inezimpondo ezinde, eziwugqinsi, eziqondiswe phambili bese ziphambukela kancane ezinhlangothini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isici esiyingqayizivele salesi sinambuzane imicu emithathu ekugcineni komsila. Le micu ifana kakhulu ne-antennae. I-silverfish inamabili amathathu amafushane kodwa awugqinsi. Amehlo enkathazo anezici eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Kungani i-silverfish iyingozi? Ngabe ulimaza ini?
Njengoba isibalo esincane sabantu, i-silverfish empeleni ayiphangi izinto, okungukuthi, ayiphazamisi umnikazi wendlu.
Kepha nokho lesi sinambuzane sithathwa njengesinambuzane. Lokhu kuvunyelwe ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Inani labantu be-silverfish landa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke umonakalo ubonakala kakhulu. Lezi zinambuzane zigaya amaphakethe, zonakalise izincwadi, ilineni namakhethini. Bangakwazi futhi ukwandisa isimo sangemuva sangemuva noma ngokhuni olubolile.
- Ukufakwa kweqanda nokutholakala kwabantu abadala ekudleni komuntu. Yize i-silverfish isingeyona i-vector yesifo, inganciphisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ize ifinyeleleke ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkathazo, ehamba njalo, iqoqa ukungcola kanye namagciwane amancane ayingozi emzimbeni wayo. Uma lungena ekudleni kwabantu, lokhu kungaba yingozi.
- Ukubukeka, ukuphindaphindeka nokuhamba okusheshayo kwabantu besilivafish kuyacasula abantu. Isinambuzane kwesinye isikhathi singena embhedeni, ngaphakathi esiqandisini, esitsheni sikashukela noma kwezinye izindawo. Kuyinto engagugi kakhulu, inyanyisa abantu, ukuphanga ukulala futhi kunciphisa ukusebenza.
Lesi sinambuzane, yize sisebenza ngokushesha ezimweni zokuphila, sibonakaliswa ngokusinda okuphezulu. Ukuqothula inani labantu osekuhlaliswe kwenye indawo kuyinkinga impela. Lesi esinye isizathu esenza ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sithathwe njengesibulala inkathazo. Ukusinda okunjalo kwe-silverfish kunesizathu sokuthi, ngamathuba aphezulu, ukhokho wezinambuzane zesimanje. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsalela ezitholakele, lesi sinambuzane besikhona iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-400. Leli qiniso liyinkomba enkulu yokusinda kwalesi sinambuzane.
Umjikelezo wempilo kanye nendlela yokuphila ye-silverfish
ISilverfish ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku. Esikhathini sasemini, abantu abadala bacasha noma bafune indawo yokwenza umenzi. Okwamanje, izinambuzane zihlala ikakhulukazi ezindlini zabantu, kepha kukhona nabamele endle. Elesibili lidla emadwaleni, amakhowe, amaqabunga noma ama-lichens, licashe ngaphakathi kwamagxolo noma ngaphansi konkunkuma ihlathi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu i-silverfish ejwayelekile, ebizwa nangokuthi "ushukela". Wathola leli gama ngenxa yokulangazelela kwesinambuzane samaswidi. Lokhu kunesizathu sokuthi i-silverfish idinga ushukela. Isitashi futhi sibaluleke kakhulu kuye.
Yize iqiniso lokuthi inkathazo iyamangaza, inezinketho ezithile zokunambitha:
- Ukudla komuntu. Imvamisa ushukela, ufulawa (womabili amazambane kanye nokolweni) noma imifino. Isinambuzane singabeka amaqanda ezinkomeni, ngoba le ndawo ibonakala iphephe impela kuye.
- Izinto nezinto ezahlukahlukene. I-silverfish ingadla ukudla noma izincwadi, noma izindwangu, isikhumba noboya. Ikakhulu inkathazo ithanda izingubo zangaphansi ezifakwe inkanyezi.
- Umhlobiso wekamelo. Kusukela ngokhuni oludala, luphela nge-glue. Ngokuvamile, iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni kanye ne-upholstery kufakwa ekudleni.
Lesi silwane siveza ubukhazikhazi baso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kokudla izinyanga ezingafika kwezi-10. Isimo esiyinhloko sokusinda kwesinambuzane umswakama. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, isilivafish livame ukuhlala egumbini lokugezela.
Noma ikuphi ukuqhekeka kungaba yisiphephelo sezinkathazo. I-silverfish ibuye ihlale ngaphansi kweziqeshana zephepha lodonga, udoti, noma ngokuqondile ekudleni (kubhekisa, okokuqala, ufulawa). Imvamisa ungayibona ngaphansi kwesinki noma kubhavu wokugeza, lapho kumnyama impela, kufudumele futhi kunomswakama. Njengoba izinambuzane zikuzonda ukukhanya, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana nakho ngesikhathi sasemini: i-silverfish, noma imatasa nokukhiqiza, ihamba kuphela ezindaweni ezimnyama.
Yize inkathazo idinga kakhulu umswakama, ayidingi manzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyingozi kulesi sinambuzane. I -fishfish ayikwazi ukubhukuda nokudonsa, iwele echibini lamanzi. Lokhu kufakazelwa ukwakheka kwemilenze yakhe: zimfushane kakhulu ukuthi isilwane siphume uketshezi.
Emvelweni, i-silverfish ihamba amabanga amade. Ukhula ngesivinini esikhulu, kepha ngokushesha uyakhathala. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinambuzane zihamba ngokushesha, zithatha amakhefu amancane. Kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukuthi inkathazo ikhiqize, ngakho-ke ijubane lokuhamba libaluleke kakhulu kukho. Isizathu salokhu iqiniso lokuthi ukuqondana okuqondile phakathi kwabantu abathandanayo kungenzeki. Owesifazane usesha ama-spermatophores ashiywe ngabesilisa endaweni engahleliwe.
ISilverfish ithathwa njengendlela yokuthambekela kokuzalela okusheshayo nokusebenzayo. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi ibekela amaqanda angaba ngu-70. Amaphesenti ezinsimbi ezisindayo makhulu ngokwanele, akhula ngokushesha.
Inqubo yokuncibilikisa ibalulekile ku-silverfish. Ku-izibungu, ukuguqulwa kwesikali kwenzeka kaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani lezixhumanisi zalesi sinambuzane alinamkhawulo. Ukushintshwa kombala kungaba kuhle kakhulu, futhi futhi akuhlali kuxhomeke eminyakeni yomuntu ngamunye.
Ukubukeka kweshukelafishfish
Lesi sinambuzane sasibizwa ngokuthi i-silverfish ngenxa yokuthi umzimba waso omile okwemisebe umbozwe ngezikali ezimpunga. Esiqongweni sesisu, i-silverfish inemicu emi-3 ehlukanisiwe. Ngenxa yalezi zintambo, ama-silverfish angokulandelana kwemisila yobisi, lapho kuhlukaniswa khona cishe izinhlobo ezingama-600.
I-Silverfishfish ejwayelekile (iLepisma saccharina).
Ama-Silverfish anamehlo ayinkimbinkimbi. Umzimba, njengezinambuzane eziningi, uhlukaniswe iminyango, kodwa hhayi ngokusobala, ngoba izingxenye zesisu nesifuba zifana ngokufana.
Indlela yokuphila yeshukela yeshukela
Ama-sugar shellfish awazona izinambuzane ezingafani nalutho; zitholakala ezindlini zabantu. Kepha azibambi iso kaningi ngenxa yokuthi zihamba ebusuku, futhi zincane ngosayizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushukela we-shellfish ugijima ngokushesha, ngokushesha ecasha kusuka ekukhanyeni emifantu ehlukene.
Ukudla kwe-sugar silverfish kwesinye isikhathi kuyamangaza.
Ukudla kwe-sugar silverfish kwehluka kakhulu, badla ushukela, izindwangu, iphepha, isikhumba, isitashi nokunye. Endle, zidla izinsalela zezilwane nezitshalo, amakhowe, ama-lichens ne-algae. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zihlala emhlabathini, ehlathini lodoti nangaphansi kwezihlahla zezihlahla.
I-Sugar silverfish - ummeleli wezinambuzane ezingenazintambo.
Ishukelafishfish livame ukutholakala emakhaya enyakatho yebanga, futhi eningizimu, bahlala emvelweni. Kunezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasendaweni eshisayo okuthiwa i-silverfish, ezihlala emaxhaphozini ama-termite males and anthill, ngokwesibonelo, ant antfish.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweshukelafish
Akukho mating phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Abesilisa bashiya ama-spermatophores abo emhlabathini, abesifazane abawabhekayo, bawabambe futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana abeke amaqanda.
Izibungu hatch kusuka amaqanda. Lapho kukhula, ancipha kaningi; inani lama-molts kulezi zinambuzane alilinganiselwe. Ngisho nezibungu ezindala ezikwazi ukuzala ziyaqhubeka ziqhuma.
Umsuka wasendulo we-silverfish
Lezi zinambuzane zaziphila ezikhathini zasendulo, izinsalela zazo zatholakala esikhathini seCarboniferous, okungukuthi, zatholakala eminyakeni engama-400 edlule.
ISilofish izinambuzane zasendulo.
ISilverfish kanye nezihlobo zayo kungenzeka ukuthi zingamadlozi ezinambuzane zesimanje. Izinambuzane zasendulo zazikhasa ngaphansi kwamachibi, bese ziya emhlabathini, ngokunokwenzeka, zazifana nesilivafish. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane zagijima ngokushesha ogwini zidle ulwelwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bahlala emathafeni nasemahlathini anomswakama, ngakho izinambuzane zazihamba kahle emhlabeni.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ungasusa kanjani i-silverfish?
Uma sonke isibalo sivele sikhona endlini, sebenzise amalungiselelo amakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu babeka izicupho ezenziwe ekhaya. Lesi sinambuzane singasaba nephunga elibi.
Ukwesabisa i-silverfish, ungasebenzisa ukugoqwa kwe-zest, izinongo ezahlukene ezinuka kakhulu: isinamoni, iqabunga le-bay, isoso, njll. Kudingeka zibekwe kumakhabethe. Amafutha abalulekile azosiza futhi ekulweni nezilokazane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthatha ibhodlela lokufafaza ngamanzi, engeza amaconsi ambalwa we-lavender noma i-citrus amafutha abalulekile kuwo bese ufafaza izindawo lapho izinambuzane zazitholakala khona.
Kepha izindlela ezinjalo azisebenzi, ngoba zisabisa izinambuzane kuphela, kepha azibulale.
Kulula ukwenza isicupho ngokumelene nesilivafish: udinga ukuthatha imbiza yengilazi, usongele ngetheyiphu yokufaka ngaphandle, ufake isibambo ngaphakathi, isibonelo, ucezu lwesinkwa. Izinambuzane zizozama ukuya ebheyili, zingene ebhange, futhi ngeke zikwazi ukuphuma. Khumbula ukugeza isicupho ngezikhathi ezithile ufake ibheyili entsha.
Enye inketho isicupho sephephandaba. Ekwenzeni kwawo, kuyadingeka ukuphokophela leli phephandaba umqulu, ukhiphe imiphetho yalo ngebhendi yokuqina. Okulandelayo, udinga ukufaka imvula iphephandaba bese ulishiya ubusuku bonke. Ebusuku, i-silverfish cishe izongena ephephandabeni, ekuseni uzodinga ukuyilahla.
Uma ungafuni ukwenza isicupho ngokwakho, khona-ke ungahlala usithenga esitolo.
Enye yezindlela ezivamile ekulweni ne-silverfish yi-diatomite. Kufanele ihlakazeke ubusuku bonke ezindaweni lapho kutholakale khona inkathazo, futhi iphanjanwe ekuseni.
I-Boric acid izosiza ukukhipha i-silverfish. Kudingeka futhi ukuthi ihlakazeke ezindaweni zokuqongelela izinambuzane.
Ama-aerosols asuselwa ku-Pyrethrin asebenzayo alwa nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-silverfish. Kepha khumbula ukuthi amakhemikhali ayingozi hhayi ezinambuzaneni kuphela, kodwa nakubantu, ezifuyweni. Zisebenzise ngokuqinile ngokuya ngemiyalo.
Ukubhubhisa i-silverfish endlini, kunconywa ukwenza lokhu kuhlanza okulandelayo:
- Susa zonke izinto zenkunkuma nezingaphezu kobunzima ukuthola ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izindawo ezingenakufinyeleleka egumbini.
- Yenza ukuhlanza okujwayelekile, phatha zonke izinto nge-ejenti yokuhlanza nge-chlorine. Lindela ukuthi zome.
- Faka isisombululo se-sulfate yethusi, yomisa konke kahle. Ukuvimbela umswakama emakhoneni nasezindaweni ezingenakufinyeleleka, ungasebenzisa fan.
- Phatha igumbi ngamalungiselelo e-aerosol. Ngivalele ihora.
- Faka umoya omncane egumbini.
Ngomthelela omkhulu, kunconywa ukuphinda ukuhlanza nokwelashwa okunjalo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Kulula kakhulu ukuvikela ukwenzeka kwesilokazane kunokulwa nayo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa izindlela zokuvimbela.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukubonakala kwesilivafish endlini?
Uma udala izimo ezingafanele i-silverfish, khona-ke ngeke ihlale endlini. Kuyiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukudala indawo engakhululeki ngokuphelele, kepha ngaphandle kwephuzu elilodwa kuzokwanela. Ipharamitha eyinhloko lapho isilivafish ifuna indawo yokuhlala inomswakama. Inani elifanele inkathazo lingama-70-80%. Umswakama egumbini kufanele ukhawulelwe ku-50%. Kufanele futhi ushintshe isithombe sangemuva esidala nokhuni, ususe imifantu nemifantu. Onke amakamelo kufanele akhanyiswe ngokwanele.
Kuyadingeka ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlanza njalo egumbini lokugezela, ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okuhle egumbini, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho akuwona ama-silverfish kuphela angahlala lapha, kodwa futhi izintwala zokhuni, i-centipede nezinye izinambuzane.
Uma kukhona imifantu ezindongeni, kufanele ilungiswe, ngoba ingasetshenziswa yi-silverfish ukubeka amaqanda.
Yonke imikhiqizo inconywa ukuthi igcinwe kwizimbiza nezikhwama zomoya. Izingubo ezindala kufanele zifakwe emasakeni epulasitiki. Wonke amaphepha, amabhokisi amakhadibhodi kufanele agcinwe ezindaweni ezomile.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi i-silverfish ingena endlini kungaba ukungena komoya noma ngezinto. Uma kutholakala izimpawu ze-silverfish, kufanele uhlole isimo somoya omncane: kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane zihlala lapho. Uma sikhuluma ngezinto ezisendlini, lapho amaqanda noma izinambuzane ngokwazo zingabonakala ephepheni lasendlini yangasese, emabhokisini amakhadibhodi noma ezincwadini.
I-Sugar silverfish: isithombe
Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinambuzane lingaqala ezindlini nangaphambi kokulwa nalo, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ohlangane nazo. Ama-Silverfish anezimpawu ezimbalwa zangaphandle angahlukaniswa ngazo kwezinye izinambuzane ezinomswakama nezithanda ukushisa.
- Umzimba we-silverfish unesimo se-olong, i-oval oval.
- Imibala iyahlukahluka kusuka kokucacile kuya koku-mhlophe, grey no-brown.
- Amehlo weConvex namabili amanqina emilenze kubantu abadala kuvame ukuhlukaniseka ngokucacile.
- Kukhona amadevu amade ekhanda.
- Umsila wakheka ngentambo ende emise inaliti kanye ne-cerci emibili.
- Izibungu ezisuka kumaqanda futhi cishe ngokushesha zibukeka njengamakhophi amancane abantu abadala, kepha zimhlophe ngombala futhi azikabi nazo izingqimba ezivikelayo zokuvikela.
Ushukela oyimbaza efulethini
Ama-Silverfish awazona izinambuzane ezi-synanthropic, okungukuthi, ukusondela kubantu akusona isidingo esibucayi kubo. Kungani-ke, isilinganiso soshukela siqala efulethini? Izinambuzane zikhangwa yizimo ezifanele, i-microclimate, ukuphepha kanye nenala yokudla.
Emvelweni, ama-silverfish ahlala otshanini, ama-moss, izimpande, ngaphansi kwamaqabunga awile, amagatsha abolile, amatshe nakwezinye izindawo lapho kunomswakama nokushisa khona. Bafuna izimo ezifanayo emakhaya. Efulethini ungabathola:
- Egunjini lokugezela - ngaphansi kwesinki, okugeza, umshini wokuwasha, amakhabethe, ngemuva kwezibuko.
- Ethoyilethi - ezindlini zokungcola ku-sealant, ngaphansi kogobha lekati, kwikhabethe elinompompi bamanzi namapayipi.
- Ngaphansi kwama-rugs, kubhasikidi wokuwasha.
- Kusinki noma ukugeza uqobo.
- Ekhishini ekhishini ngaphansi kwesinki nokudonsa kokudla endaweni kawonkewonke.
- Emakhabetheni asikiwe.
- Emgqonyeni.
Ezindaweni abahlala kuzo zemvelo, ama-silverfish adla kakhulu ngokubola kwezinto eziphilayo nokudla okuphezulu kwesitashi noshukela. Emafulethini banesifiso:
- Izitshalo zasendlini, amaqabunga e-ulethisi, amakhambi.
- Flour kanye nokudla.
- Imifino.
- Izithelo.
- Isinkwa.
- Noma yimiphi imikhiqizo yamaphepha.
- Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngendwangu yemvelo.
- Izithombe.
- Ama-Microorganisms kanye nesikhunta esikhula esimanzi.