Kuwo wonke umndeni I-lemurs ehlukahlukene - enkulu kunazo zonke. Ngokungafani namanye ama-lemurs amaningi, ubude bomsila cishe bulingana nobude bomzimba - cishe ama-60 cm. Ihlukaniswa umbala omuhle ogqamile: umbala oyinhloko ubomvu ngebala elimhlophe entanyeni nesisu esimnyama nomsila. Izinwele zinde ezinhlangothini zekhanda, zakheka “amashidi”. Indawo amamaki ayimuntu ngamunye futhi ingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abahlukile. Izingalo ezisemuva zinde kakhulu kunangaphambili.
Lezi zilwane zihlala emahlathini emvula asogwini olusempumalanga yeMadagascar.
Indlela yokuphila yesihlahla. Zigcinwa amaqembu emindeni, ahlanganisa abantu aba-2 kuya kwabayisi-5. Eqenjini, abesifazane bayabusa. Banikela isikhathi esiningi ekuzilolongeni, ikakhulukazi ukuqapha umsila ngokucophelela. Emnweni wesibili wamanqina asemuva kukhona uzipho olusebenza ekuhlanganiseni uboya. Zikhetha amagatsha amakhulu agobile ezihlahla, lapho zihamba khona ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha, zilawula umsila njenge-balancer.
Lona kanye igama elithi "lemur" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "umoya kamufi". Lezi yizinkawu ezithandekayo, ezihamba ngezimbumbulu ezijwayela abantu. Kodwa kufanelekile ukucasula ukucasuka kwabo, njengoba lezi zidalwa ezinhle futhi ezinobumnene ziqhuma ekubhoneni kwezithulu, ezingalindelekile ezilwaneni ezinhle kangaka.
Lemurs zizala ngoJuni - Julayi. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama 90- 902, bese kuthi kusuka ezinkulwaneni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-6 (imvamisa ezi-2) zizalwe. Kuze kube amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu, banamathela esiswini sikamama, bese begibela emhlane wakhe. Ngezinyanga eziyi-6 bazimele, kuthi ezinyangeni eziyi-18 kuye kwezingama-20 bafinyelele esikhathini sokuthomba.
Ezisebenzayo kakhulu ngesikhathi sosuku. Lemurs akhiwa ngamakhiwane, ubhanana, nezinye izithelo, kanye namaqabunga nezimbali.
Izinhlobo zingeniswe ku-International Red Book.
Kufike amaloli amabili okupheka e-Chelyabinsk Zoo evela eSt. Bahlala kwesinye sezinto ezifakiwe ekuchazelweni "Umhlaba weTropiki". Lezi yizilwane ezinothando futhi ezinelukuluku, ezithakazelisa ukubukwa.
Ama-lemur abomvu ahlukahlukene
Ama-lemur ama-red (noma ama-red vari) ahlala endaweni engaphansi kwendawo engasenyakatho-empumalanga yeMadagascar. Le lemur ibizwa nangokuthi yi-fluffy red lemur.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-lemurs ahlukahlukene ahlala engxenyeni esempumalanga yoMfula i-Antainambalan. Umfula umngcele wemvelo wokwakhiwa kabusha kwama-lemurs abomvu kanye nokuhlasela kwawo lapho kuhlala khona ama-lemurs amnyama nama-fluffy amnyama.
UGinger Vary (Varecia rubra).
Ubude bomzimba we-lemur buhluka cishe ngamasentimitha angama-55, kuthi omunye umsila, amasentimitha angama-60 ngosayizi, unezelwe kuleli ubude. Abadala banesisindo esisuka ku-3.5 kuya ku-4,5 kilos.
Ama-lemurs asaphuza anemibala ebomvu onsundu, kanti isifuba, ibunzi, umsila kanye nezinhlangothi zangaphakathi zemilenze zimnyama. Ngasemuva kwentamo, kukhona ibala elimhlophe, okuyisici esihlukile salolu hlobo.
Okubomvu (okubomvu) okuhlukile - ama-lemurs kusuka cishe. EMadagascar
Abesilisa bangaba ngosayizi ofanayo nowesifazane, noma bangaba mncane kunabo. Amafayi emadodeni aphakathi ngosayizi. Abesifazane babusa abesilisa. Amadoda amadala ngokusho kobudlelwano bendawo buhlala ngaphansi kwabesifazane, kuyilapho abesifazane, njengomthetho, bengakhombisi ulaka kwabesilisa.
Ama-lemurs abomvu wezinhlobonhlobo ahlala emindenini yabantu abangu-2-16. Imvamisa, inani lamalungu omndeni yi-2-5 lemurs. Iqembu ngalinye lihlala esabelweni salo sokuphakela, abantu abangabazi abavunyelwe kule ndima, wonke amalungu eqembu aqapha imingcele. Ngokuphathelene nabantu ongabazi, ama-lemurs abomvu abonisa ulaka.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezingama-lemurs aqhubekayo.
Imvamisa, le lemurs ithula buthule, kepha uma isengozini, ikhala kakhulu nangokubhoboza. Abamele umndeni ofanayo bayakhulumisana futhi baqonde kahle izihlobo zabo, ngokwesibonelo, banganikeza isibonakaliso sengozi noma bashayele othile eqenjini. Lezi zilwane zinezinhlobo eziyi-12 zezimpawu ezizwakalayo.
Izitha zemvelo zohlobo lolozi yizinkozi, izinyoka kanye nezilwane ezahlukahlukene ezidlayo. Ukudla kwama-lemurs abomvu kuqukethe izithelo, amaqabunga, amahlumela kanye nompe wezitshalo. Iningi lempilo yokupheka ichithwa ezihlahleni. Ezikhathini ezomile, amalungu eqembu asakazekela ezindaweni ezinkulu athole ukudla, futhi ngenkathi yezimvula zonke izinsikazi zihlangana eqenjini elilodwa.
Amabhuzu abomvu ayimifino.
Ukuthomba ekukhiqizweni okubomvu kwe-lemurs kwenzeka eminyakeni eyi-2. Isikhathi sokuzalela senzeka ngoMeyi-Julayi. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa silingana nezinsuku ezingama-90- 252. Kufika ezinganeni ezi-6 ezisanda kuzalwa zingavela ngesikhathi, kepha, njengomthetho, izinsikazi azizaleli ezingamawundlu amathathu. Ama-cookie ama-lemurs angukuphela kokuzala okuzala amathole amaningi ngasikhathi. Owesifazane angondla izingane eziyisithupha, njengoba enabesilisa abathandathu.
Ngokungafani nabafowabo, ama-lemurs ama-lemurs awathwali amathole awo emhlane lapho edlisiwe. Inzalo ihlala emaphepheni akhethekile abesifazane abakha kuwo ngamaqabunga. Izinsikazi zakha izidleke ezinjalo emagatsheni ezihlahla, zifake umpheme phansi ngezinwele zazo. Izingane azikwazi ukubambelela ezinweleni zikanina ngezandla zazo, ngakho-ke uma kunesidingo sokuhambisa, insikazi ziyidlulisela emazinyweni ayo njengekati.
UVary uphila iminyaka engama-20.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zama-primates, wonke amalungu aleli qembu aqala ukuxhumana nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, kodwa ama-lemur abomvu abesifazane awavumeli muntu ukuba abambe cishe izinyanga ezi-2. Eminyakeni engu-20 yezinsana, izingane zingahamba namanye amalungu eqembu. Abashiyi umama wabo, ngenxa yalokho, bafunda ngokushesha izimfihlo zokusinda.
Ama-lemurs, njengawo wonke ama-primates, ahlanganisa izinwele zomunye nomunye, ngale ndlela bakhombisa ukuzwela emalungwini omndeni. Ama-lemurs abomvu akafuni ama-parasites hhayi ngeminwe yawo, kodwa ngamazinyo awo aphansi, awasebenzise njengezinga.
Emvelweni, ama-lemur abomvu ama-mosaur ahlala ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka engu-15 ukuya ku-20. Lesi sizwe sisesimweni esiyingozi, ngakho-ke amabhalana ahlelwe ku-Red Book.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Izici zomzimba
Ama-lemurs wezinhlobonhlobo angamalungu amakhulu omndeni we-lemur, futhi lolu hlobo lukulukhulu kulawa amabili. Banesisindo esingu-3.3-3.6 kg (7.3-7.9 amakhilogremu). Zingaba ngu-53 cm (amasentimitha angama-21) ubude, zino-60 cm (24 inches) womsila. Izinsikazi zikhulu kancanyana kunabesilisa. Inemizimba emincane nemilenze emide. I-lemurs ebomvu yokupheka ine-muzzle emincane enezindlebe ezincane zezinsikazi, kwesinye isikhathi ezifihlwa izinwele zazo ezinde. Bayazinakekela besebenzisa imvamisa yabo.
Njengoba igama labo liphakanyisiwe, banezinhlanga ezinemibala e-ruff nomzimba. Amakhanda abo, izisu, imisila, imilenze nokufakelwa kwemilenze yabo kumnyama. Zinombala omhlophe emuva kwentamo, futhi zingaba namamaki amhlophe emilenzeni noma emlonyeni.
Ukuziphatha
Umpheki we-ginger uyisilwane esihlanzeke kakhulu futhi uchitha isikhathi esiningi ezinakekela yena futhi ekunakekelweni komphakathi. Izimbotshana ezingezansi (amazinyo angaphambili) nozipho kuzinzwane lwesibili lomlenze wangemuva kulungiselelwe ngokukhethekile lokhu kuziphatha. I-incisors engezansi ikhula phambili ngokulandelana futhi igebe elincane. Lokhu kudala inhlanganisela ejwayelekile engasetshenziselwa uboya bomkhwenyana obude, obuthambile. Uzipho lusetshenziselwa nokunakekela izinwele.
Umuthi onekhanda elibomvu uhlala iminyaka engu-15- 20 endle. Ekudingisweni, iminyaka engama-25 ayijwayelekile, futhi eyodwa yaphila cishe iminyaka engama-33. Lesi isilwane sansuku zonke, futhi sisebenza kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Izinhlelo zenhlalo
Lesi silinganiso, njengomthetho, sihlala emaqenjini amancane, we-matriarchal wabantu abungu-2-16, kodwa amasayizi weqembu aze afike ku-32 aqoshwa. Ukudla kwakhe kuqukethe izithelo, umpe kanye nampova. Amahlamvu nembewu kungadliwa lapho izithelo ziba yindlala. Ama-red lemurs abomvu kwesinye isikhathi akha amaqembu amakhulu ngesikhathi semvula, lapho ukudla kuningi. Bonke bazothola umthombo owodwa wokudla nowokudla ndawonye njengeqembu. Ngenkathi yesomiso bavame ukuhlukana bese bezitholela ukudla ngokwabo lapho izithelo ziphele. Lokhu kuziphatha okungajwayelekile, njengakwamanye ama-lemurs we-diurnal, kuzohlala kuhlangene futhi kudle ngamaqembu amakhulu ngisho nangesikhathi sonyaka esomile. Ucwaningo lwensimu lukhombisa ukuthi ama-lemarm abomvu e-Warm, afana nama-lemurs ama-Warm amnyama namhlophe, angatholakala ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane ahlelekile. Abantu abasehlathini baxhumana ngezingcingo eziphokophelele ezizwakala ebangeni elide.
Ukuzala nokukhiqiza kabusha
Ama-lemur abomvu we-eluur afinyelela ekuthweni eneminyaka yobudala emi-2, bese aqala ukuzala cishe iminyaka emi-3. Ngokungafani nazo zonke ezinye izimfanelo zesikhathi sasemini, izinsikazi zigcina izingane zazo izidleke kumamitha ayi-10 - 20 ngaphezulu kwenkunkuma yehlathi, eyenziwe ngamagatsha, amaqabunga, imivini noboya. Njengawo wonke ama-lemurs nezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo zaseMadagascar, inesikhathi sokuzala esinqunyiwe esenzeka ekupheleni kwenkathi eyomile (kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube nguJulayi). Kancanyana kakhulu ukuzalwa kwenkathi yemvula lapho kutholakala ukudla okuningi. Ama-lemurs futhi angukuphela kokuqala okwenziwe ngamalitha amancane, futhi, ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuzijabulisa sezinsuku eziyi-102, insikazi ingazala eyisithupha, yize ezimbili noma ezintathu zifana kakhulu. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zinaboya futhi ziyabona, kepha njengoba zingakwazi ukuhamba, insikazi ibashiya esidlekeni ize ibe namasonto ayisikhombisa ubudala. Abesifazane bangazalela izingane eziyisithupha ngasikhathi sinye. Uhlobo lwebhandeshi elibomvu lezinsana alukhuli kahle lapho luzalwa njengamanye ama-lemurs. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba ama-redhead brews anezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu zokukhulelwa. Lapho kuzalwa, izingane azikwazi ukubambelela kunina. Lapho enyakazisa izingane, azithathe ngamunye ngamunye. Omama bavame ukusuka nengane yabo esidlekeni esontweni elilodwa noma amabili. Lapho emondla, ushiya ingane yakhe esihlahleni esiseduze. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokubeletha, uma umama kufanele aphume esidlekeni, ubaba uyoqapha. Ukulunyulwa kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezine. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-65% yabantu abasha ayifinyeleli izinyanga ezintathu ubudala, futhi imvamisa iyafa ngenxa yokuwa ezihlahleni.
Isimo sokuLondolozwa
Uhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN luthi ubomvu busengozini yokuqothulwa. Ukungena emigodini, izindawo ezivuthayo, izivunguvungu, izimayini, ukuzingela kanye nokushushumbiswa kwezilwane kuyizisongo ezinkulu. Ziphinde zibe nezinyamazane zemvelo ezinjengezinyoka ezinkulu, izinkozi nomgodi. Ukudalwa kweMasual ngonyaka we-1997 kwasiza ukuvikela le nhlobo, kepha ama-lemurs amaningi abomvu awahlali ngaphakathi kwemingcele yepaki, futhi asesengozini enkulu.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisa ukuthi basengozini yokuqothulwa ngokuncipha kwabantu basendle. Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi ngokungemthetho kukhule kusukela ngo-2009, okuholele ekwehlekeni kwendawo yokuhlala yamahlathi etholakalayo. Inani labantu abathunjiwe be-lemurs ebomvu ye-variera yizilwane ezingama-590. Isilinganiso sama-lemurs abomvu ahlukahlukene sithunyelwa ezinhlelweni zokusinda kwezinhlobo. Ezinye zalezi zoo zisebenzisana ngokuzalanisa nokunakekela abantu abathunjiwe. Ukuvimbela ukuzalanisa, izilwane ezibanjwe endle zazingeniswa kuhlelo lokuzala lwazo.
Kukuphi lapho imvelo yethu imelwa khona:
Habitat
Ama-lemurs abomvu ama-fluffy, ama-lemurs amakhulu kunawo wonke, atholakala kuphela emahlathini emvula aseMasoala National Park esenyakatho-mpumalanga yesiqhingi saseMadagascar. Hlala ezihlahleni zamaqembu abantu abangafika ku-15 ukuya ku-20.
Umsoco
Zidla ngezithelo, ngamaqabunga, ngezihlahla ezincane zezihlahla. Phatha izintandokazi - fig.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyingxenye yesifunda sangaphambi kwezimvula ezinamanzi, ezindala emhlabeni. Ukubila okubomvu namuhla kusongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Ukubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala yemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ukuzingela kanye nokuhweba okungekho emthethweni yizona zinto ezisongela ubukhona bezilwane. Kukhona nezitha zemvelo: amafoss, izinkozi nama-boas.
Siza ezifuywayo ze-zoo "White Kangaroo"
Bangani abathandekayo, uZoo wethu "White Kangaroo" weminyaka engu-5 unikeza injabulo yokuxhumana nezilwane ezifuywayo kuwe nakubathandekayo bakho.
Igalelo lomunye wethu ekulweni nokwanda kwaleli gciwane ukuzihlukanisa. Ngakho-ke, ama-zoo ethu avalelwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa. Sinesimo esinzima kakhulu. Imali yokugcina izilwane ilahleka kakhulu, ngakho-ke siyaphoqelelwa ukuthi sikucele nonke usizo.
Ungakwenza ukunikela noma iliphi inani thenga amathikithi osuku oluvulekile. Yonke imali evela ekuthengisweni kwamathikithi nokuqoqwa kweminikelo kuzohamba kokondla izilwane kanye namaholo kubasebenzi abazinakekela ngokuzithandela. Onke amathikithi athengiwe azosebenza kuze kube kuphela kuka-2020.
Siyethemba kakhulu ukuthi lesi simo sizothuthuka kungekudala futhi uzosivakashela. Iqembu lethu nazo zonke izilwane ezifuywayo zizokubonga kakhulu nganoma yikuphi ukwesekwa!
Igor Akimushkin. Umhlaba wezilwane. Umqulu 2
Onke ama-lemurs eqiniso anemisila ebomvu, ende, enombala owodwa. Kuma katta kuphela umsila ugcotshwe izindandatho ezinombala omnyama nomhlophe. Kuhlobo lwe-lemurs yangempela, kunezinhlobo ezinye ezinhlanu, zonke zihlala ezihlahleni, futhi i-katta emhlabathini futhi ngokujwayelekile igwema amahlathi nezihlahla, ikhetha kuzo izindawo ezinamadwala aseMadagascar eseNingizimu. Indlela yakhe yempilo ihlala isikhathi sasemini, njengoba, ngeshwa, phakathi kwabanye abamele uhlobo lohlobo lakhe, ngaphandle kwama-lemur ahlukahlukene, okubonakala sengathi uyena kuphela owakha izidleke.
Onke ama-lemurs ngandlela thile enza umngcele wezinto zawo. Abanye bakwenza njenge-halo futhi buthuntu, abanye bakwenza ngendlela ehlukile. Isibonelo, i-lemur emnyama. Unezindlala eziningi zamjuluko ezintendeni zezandla nasesandleni sakhe, futhi ufisa ngentshiseko amagatsha ezihlahla ngezihlakala zakhe.
Umhlambi ngamunye we-lemurs emnyama unezindawo zawo zokuphaka. Uma omakhelwane bephula, bonke abanikazi abafanele kufanele basheshe bavikele imingcele yabo. Umsindo, ukumemeza, ukushayisana kuvamile kulezi zingxabano zemingcele. Kepha izindawo zokuchitha ubusuku, zihlala endaweni eyodwa, zivamile phakathi kwamaqembu amaningi anjalo ababesilwa phakathi nosuku. Umhlambi ngamunye uza lapho usendleleni, umemezela amahlathi asendle ngokuhlokoma ngasendleleni, futhi kusa kushiye kanjalo. Phambili ungowesifazane omhlophe webele wesikhundla esiphakeme kakhulu, ngemuva kwakhe usesifubeni bonke abanye. Ijubane lokuhamba kwekholomu liyashesha noma lijubane, labo abasala ngemuva, futhi bayohlala bekhona, bamemeze ngentukuthelo, becela ukubalinda. Imvamisa izingane zishiya ngemuva. Futhi nezingane, wonke umuntu osepaketheni mnene futhi uyakhathala. Noma kungabakubo, noma abangabazi, bayacindezelwa, bakhonzwe, bagxishwe.
Ngenxa yezinsikazi ezinamabele amhlophe, kube nokungaqondi kwezemvelo. Amadoda alezi lemurs ansundu-mnyama, kanti izintokazi zibomvu ngombala amhlophe amadevu, amadevu anembe ngokwanele. Ekuqaleni kwanqunywa ukuthi zombili kwakuyizilwane zezinhlobo ezihlukile.
Ezihlahleni zimnyama, noma i-macaque, ama-lemurs agxuma emamitha ayisishiyagalombili futhi aqhamuke emaqabunga njengezinyoni! Lapho izinyoni ezidla inyama ziziphishekela zona, lemurs emnyama iyazisindisa njengamabhubesi asuka emikhondweni yamalulwane: ziyawa kusukela ekuphakameni kwesihlahla ziye phansi, umbani ukhukhuleke emagatsheni angaphansi nakaphansi, bese - emhlabathini ngezihlahla eziwugqinsi ziye esihlahleni esikude bese ziqhubekela phambili neziqongo.
Futhi i-lemur iyathakazelisa. Unamathangi aluhlaza nekhola eminyene entanyeni yakhe. Futhi uboya buminyene ngokumangazayo kubahlali bezindawo ezishisayo, bukhulu kangangokuba imifudlana yesifufula ayibhobozi. Ipendiwe kahle kakhulu: kwezinye izinhlanga, i-piebald, uboya obumnyama nobumnyama, kwezinye - obomvu-mnyama. Ihlala emahlathini amade enyakatho yesiqhingi.
Lemur katta. I-lemur okuwukuphela kwayo enomsila omnyama nomhlophe nomthethe.
IVary ukuphela kwesilwane sobusuku sohlobo lwama-lemurs wangempela. Futhi kuphela owakha izidleke. Insikazi, ngaphambi kokuba amawundlu azalwe, idwengula uboya ezinhlangothini zayo bese ibeka isidleke nayo. Umama wengane ugqoka, njengebhande, enqamula esiswini, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi emhlane.
Onke ama-lemurs eqiniso anemisila ebomvu, ende, enombala owodwa. Kuma katta kuphela umsila ugcotshwe izindandatho ezinombala omnyama nomhlophe. Kuhlobo lwe-lemurs yangempela, kunezinhlobo ezinye ezinhlanu, zonke zihlala ezihlahleni, futhi i-katta emhlabathini futhi ngokujwayelekile igwema amahlathi nezihlahla, ikhetha kuzo izindawo ezinamadwala aseMadagascar eseNingizimu. Indlela yakhe yokuphila ikakhulukazi yesikhathi sasemini, njengoba, ngeshwa, phakathi kwabanye abamele uhlobo lwayo, ngaphandle kwe-lemur ukuhlukahluka, okubonakala sengathi yiyo kuphela eyakha izidleke.
Umsila we-katta uyisakhi semininingwane esiyinhloko: kufana nefulegi elinemibala emnyama nomhlophe, lidonswe up, lijabulisa abangane bekatita.Lapho ikatta iqondisa “ifulegi” layo lapho iya khona, iyahlana, igcwale ukwaneliseka. Kepha imvamisa ukuqala "kwe-interview" kuqala kwandulelwa ngumsila we-aromatization. Ukuthumela ngaphansi kwakhe futhi ukuvumela ukuba kudlule ngaphansi kwesisu sakhe phakathi kwawo wonke ama-paws amane, ikatata icindezela ukuphela komsila ezinhlangothini zangaphakathi zesandla sangakwesokunxele nesobunxele. Irabha ngokumelene nezindlala eziphawulwe nge-horny spikes. Njengoba usubambe umsila, uyiphakamisa kuqala ngaphezu kwekhanda futhi, uyisusa, kube sengathi udonsa amakha atholwe ngumsila emoyeni, ugwinyile, uhlanza, uvele ngokusobala.
Imile emilenzeni yayo yangemuva, ikati liletha umsila ngaphambili futhi, igobe isandla sokudla sobunxele noma kwesobunxele kuyo, iphinda ihlikihle umsila wayo. Uthatha amaqabunga, izingcezu zamagxolo emhlabathini, bese ewacindezela ezinsinini ezifanayo, awahlikihla ngokunyakaza okubukhali. Ngemuva kwalokho uxhuzula namagatsha ngezindlala zezandla zangaphambili, ama-armpits ne-anal, noKatt anakho.
UKatta uhamba emhlabeni, ngokugoba umsila wakhe we-chic ngomhlane wakhe. Ubhanana wasendle namakhiwane kudliwa ngokucophelela ukuze kungaboli uboya. Njengoba isilithathe emaxekeni ayo, ibhoboza ikhasi ngamazinyo ayo, bese iphonsa ikhanda emuva ukuze ujusi lugeleze ngqo emlonyeni futhi lungawenzi amabala, lidle isithelo esitshiwe. Uthanda ukushibilika, “isibungu selanga” elangeni, ehleli etsheni futhi esakaza izimbambo ezine nomsila uhlukane phakathi. Ukugxuma kwesilwane kukuhle futhi kuhle kakhulu: weqa amamitha amathathu phezulu, njengebhola likanenjoloba, ngaphandle kobunzima.
Izinhlobonhlobo, njenge-katta, izihlanza, zifinyelela lapho ukuthula kwengqondo kungephulwa. Kepha, ijabule noma iyesabeka, ayikhaleli ukukhala okubi kakhulu nokungezwa ukuthi iqhwa lingena ngisho nakulaleli okude. Lapho kungazelelwe banquma ukumemeza kuma-zoo, inkathazo iyenzeka kubavakashi abanovalo. Emahlathini asezintabeni zasendle, aqinisiwe, aphindaphindwaphindwa, kuzwakala ukuhanjwa kwenyunyana / ikakhulukazi i-eerie.
Kulezi zinhliziyo ezikhipha inhliziyo futhi indlela yokubhaca elangeni lasekuseni izingalo zeluliwe nezandla ezibheke elangeni (endaweni yokuthandaza), iMalgas yayihlala ibheka le monkey-ha-monkey engumkhulekeli welanga ongcwele.
Babesaba futhi bengamcasuli umpheki. Futhi zisetshenziselwa ukungasabi abantu. Kulezi zinsuku, impucuko kanye nemfundo kukhulule abaningi ezinkolelweni zakudala, kanti abaphuki bazo balahlekelwe “isitifiketi” sabo seminyaka eyikhulu. Ngakho-ke kuyamangaza futhi kuhlukile ukuthi inhlala-kahle noma ukufa kwezilwane kuncike kanjani enkolweni yasendulo yomuntu kumandla angaphezu kwawemvelo.
U-Alfred Bram. IVolumu Yempilo Yezilwane I Izilwanyane
Iningi lezazi zezemvelo lazibona ezilwaneni ukuthi manje sibuyekeza izinkawu zangempela ngakho-ke zihlanganiswe zona ngokulandelana: thina, kunalokho, sahlukanisa izinkawu eziyisiqingatha njenge-oda elizimele, ngoba lezi zilwane zinokufana okuningana nezinkawu ekwakhiweni kwazo. umzimba, kanye nokuhlelwa kwamazinyo. Ngisho negama lalabo abahlome ngezixhobo ezine, ngokuvamile ezisetshenziselwa izinkawu, kungenzeka ukuthi libe yi-lemur, ngoba umehluko phakathi kwezingalo nemilenze yawo awubizwa kangako kunolwezinkawu. Ngokombono wethu, kuyadingeka ukubheka ama-lemurs njengesigaba esiguqukayo kusuka ezinkomeni kuya ezigodini zasolwandle, noma njengezizukulwane zezilwane ezithile ezingaziwa manje, ezihlobene nabakhubazekile, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, azinakubalwa ngezinkawu.
Izimbambo zangemuva zezingxenye eziningi eziphawuleka isikhathi eside kunangaphambili futhi zibalulekile ngosayizi. Izinyawo kwezinye izinhlobo zimfushane, kwezinye, kunalokho, ziyehluka ngobude. Ubukhulu bomsila buyahluka futhi: kuma-lemurs amaningi ahlala isikhathi eside kunomzimba, kwamanye adlulela enqubekweni engabambekiyo, kokunye ambozwe ngezinwele, kwezinye acishe abe nqunu. Amehlo amakhulu, avumelaniswe nombono ebumnyameni, ama-auricles akhule kahle, kwesinye isikhathi ahlangana, afakwe izinwele, futhi awuthambile, awugqinsi, noboya be-wavy, obuthathelwa indawo yizinwele ezilukhuni kwezinye izinkawu ezinjengendlu yangaphandle, zifanekisela i-lemurs njengezilwane zasendle noma zasebusuku. Amazinyo alezi zilwane, ngokuya ngendawo yazo, ukwakheka nenombolo yazo, ahlukahlukene kakhulu kunezinkawu. Isigaxa sifanekiswa ngokujikeleza okuqinile kwe-nape, amathambo ebuso amafushane kodwa amancanyana ebusweni nezimbobo ezinkulu zamehlo, ezisondele komunye nomunye, ngamathambo abo egqame isiyingi. Kodwa-ke, imisebe yamehlo ayimeleli udonga oluphelele, kepha ixhunyiwe ngokuvuleka kwendawo yesikhashana.
Ama-semi-apes ahlukaniswe yimindeni emithathu: eyokuqala, eningi kakhulu, ileziqu ngokwazo (umndeni uLemuridae), ezinye ezimbili ziwumndeni. Tarsidae (ama-tarsiers) nalokhu. I-Leptodactyla (izingalo) - ukubukeka oku-1 kuphela.
AmaRoma abiza imiphefumulo yama-lemurs ashonile, lawo amahle aqapha umndeni kanye nasekhaya ngesimo seLara, kanye nobubi, ngendlela yokuhambahamba nezibhubhisi ezimbi, bekhathaza abantu abampofu. Kodwa isayensi yanamuhla isho ngaleli gama, noma futhi i-vagabonds enobusuku, kepha ayifakiwe nakancane, kepha izilwane ezinenyama negazi zinokubukeka okuhle noma okuncane. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi, le mibala ingumgogodla walo lonke lolu hlaka lwamanje esihlala kulo, umndeni ohlukile ohlukanisa inhlobo nezilwane ezithile. Ngokuqondene nezimpawu ze-lemurs, lo mndeni uhlanganisa zonke izimfanelo zezilwane zohlelo lonke olusanda kubikwa kithi, ngoba yomibili imindeni yemindeni yezinkawu ihluke kakhulu kuma-lemurs ngokwawo kuphela ngamazinyo, ukwakheka kwengalo nemilenze, futhi nasejazi.
Indawo enkulu yem Lemurs yisiqhingi saseMadagascar neziqhingi ezingomakhelwane bayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, bavela e-Afrika, besakazeka kuwo wonke umgwaqo ophakathi wale ngxenye yomhlaba, kusukela empumalanga kuye ogwini olusentshonalanga, futhi kunezihlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezihlala eNdiya naseziQhingini zaseSunda. Kepha ngaphandle kokukhetha, zonke izinhlobo zomndeni we-lemur zihlala emahlathini, zikhetha amahlathi ezintombi angenakungenwa agcwele izithelo nezinambuzane kwabanye. Yize bengabagweme ngokuqondile abantu, ababheki abantu. Ukuba izilwane eziningi ezinobusuku noma ezingaphansi, ama-lemurs, njengawo wonke amalungu esigcawini sawo, akhuphuka ezindaweni ezimnyama kakhulu zehlathi noma emgodini wezihlahla phakathi nosuku futhi alale lapho, elele noma eqabula. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlayiya zaso zihle kakhulu: zihlala emilenzeni yazo yangemuva, zigoqa izandla zazo ziqonde bese zithoba amakhanda aphansi phakathi kwezingalo ezandulele bese zisonga amakhanda nezinyawo zazo ngomsila, noma zihlanganiswe ngababili, zisonga omunye nomunye ngemisila yazo ziqine kangangokuba zakha ibhola: uma uphazamisa ibhola elinjalo loboya, khona-ke kungazelelwe amakhanda amabili avele kulo, athi ngamehlo amakhulu, amangele abheke abaphula ukuthula abathandeki bokuthula kwabo.
Ukulala kwama-lemurs kuzwela kakhulu. Iningi lazo libuye lishaywe wukukhala kwezimpukane ezindizayo nokugqwala kwesinambuzane esihuquguqukayo: izindlebe zabo bese ziphakama, amehlo abo amakhulu abalele, kepha umzuzwana kuphela, ngoba lezi zilwane zesaba kakhulu ukukhanya kwemini. Usuku lonke azibonakali nhlobo, futhi kuphela lapho kuqala ukuhwalala umsebenzi wabo uqala. Bavele baphile masinyane, bahlanza futhi babusheleleze uboya, benze imisindo ephakeme kakhulu futhi engathandeki, bese bethatha inyamazane ngenxa yezizathu zabo zokuzingela emoyeni. Lapho-ke kuqala impilo eyinqaba yohlobo ngalunye lwe-lemur.
Izinhlobo eziningi zikhipha ukukhala okungagcwalisa okokuqala ngethusu, ngoba kufana nokubhonga kwezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ibhubesi. Lokhu kubhonga okubukhali kubonakala sengathi kukhombisa ukuthi, kuma-lemurs, njengezinye izilwane, ukuqala komsebenzi wabo wobusuku, emva kwalokho bazungeza izikhala ezikhethwe yibo ukuzingela noma bafuna idlelo elinokuhamba okunjalo, ubuhlakani nokugqwala okungenakulindeleka nge ukubona kokudinwa kwabo phakathi nosuku. Ngemuva kwalokho bona, mhlawumbe, badlula izinkawu ngobuciko bokuthi benyuka, bagxume futhi basonteke.
Okuphambene nalokhu kwenziwa abanye abamele abomndeni we-lemur: ngokunenkani, ngokungabonakali, bavele kancane kancane kusuka egatsheni kuya egatsheni, amehlo abo amakhulu ayindilinga akhanya lapho kusihlwa njengamacibisholo omlilo, ukunyakaza kwabo kuthule kakhulu futhi ngamabomu kangangokuba ngisho nendlebe ezwelayo ngeke ibambe umsindo owodwa. , eyayizokhombisa ukuba khona kwesidalwa esiphilayo. Maye kuyinyoni yokulala engakhathali, okuyokwehla kuyo lokhu kubuka komlilo! Akekho noyedwa umNdiya ovele athule ngokulandela umkhondo wamasosha - awukho umuthi wegazi osondela esitha ngenhloso embi kakhulu ukwedlula i-lemur lory esidlweni sakhe sokulala. Ngaphandle komsindo, cishe ngaphandle kokunyakaza okubonakalayo, uhlela kabusha umlenze owodwa ngemuva kolunye futhi ukusondela nangaphezulu aze afike ku-isisulu sakhe. Lapho-ke, ngokuqapha kanye nokuthula okufanayo, uphakamisa isandla esisodwa asibambe buthule aze acishe athinte umfazi olele. Ekugcineni, kulandela ukunyakaza okushesha kangangokuba iso lingakwazi ukukubamba, futhi ngaphambi kokuba inyoni elele iqagele ukuba khona kwesitha sayo esesabekayo, isivele iklwebheke futhi idwengulwe. Umuntu ngeke aqhathanise ukuhaha okusho ukuthi, okusobala ukuthi, isilwane esingenangozi sihlasela isilwane esibulewe nje! Womabili amachwane namaqanda azokufa, njengenyoni elele, uma umane uvuleka lory.
Amakhono abo angokomoya abalulekile, bambalwa kuphela kubo abahlukile ngaphandle kwalokhu. Bonke banamahloni, bayigwala, yize bezivikela ngesibindi lapho bebanjwa. Njengoba sebejwayele abantu, baye ngokwethemba ngezinga elithile, baziphathe ngobumnene, ngokuthula nangokuhle, kodwa kuyaqabukela balahlekelwe ukwesaba kwabo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-lemurs, noma kunjalo, zivumelana kalula nokulahleka kwenkululeko yazo nokuzithoba kumuntu ojwayele ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezaziwayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukuzingela ezinye izilwane. Izinhlobo ezinomsila, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zihlala zithunjiwe zithembekile kubuntu baso abesebuthaka, ziyathukuthela lapho ziphazamiseka, futhi zifunde ukuhlukanisa ukunakekela kwazo kwabanye abantu abangabethembi kangako noma abangatheni.
Esimide kakhulu futhi sakha onke ama-lemurs yi-Indri (Lichanotus), ebizwa ngokuthi iMadagass Babacoto. Okudume kakhulu kulezi zinduna ezimbili ezitholakala kuze kube manje, uLichanotus brevicaudatus ufinyelela kubude obuyi-2 amamitha. Izinsuku ezingama-91/2, okungaphansi kwazo okungu-1 inch (2,5 cm) okufanele kuthiwe ngumsila. Ikhanda eliphakathi nendawo linesihlazo esibukhali, amehlo amancane nezindlebe ezifanayo, licishe lifihlwe ngokuphelele ezinweleni. Umzimba wonke, izingalo zangaphambili nezangemuva, ezibonakala ngokukhula okuqinile kwesithupha, zimbozwe ngoboya obukhulu obukhulu. Ebunzini, umqhele, umphimbo, isifunda sangaphakathi, umsila, uhlangothi oluphansi lwamathanga, izithende nezinhlangothi zimhlophe, izindlebe, isifuba, amahlombe, ingalo kanye nezingalo zimnyama, umlenze ongemuva nomlenze ophansi unsundu, ingxenye yangaphambili yamanqina ingemnyama.
Esikhundleni sokuba namahloni futhi ubugwala, ama-lemurs angabizwa ngokuthi aqaphile. Le ncazelo ayinombala ongokomzwelo futhi uyiqiniso ngokwengeziwe.
Uhlobo lwe-lemurs, noma i-poppies (i-Lemur), lingelomndeni uLemuridae (i-Lemuridae).
I-lemurs ivame ukugcinwa ekudingisweni. Icala lokuqoshwa - i-lemur emnyama (i-Lemur macaco) ihlala endaweni yezilwane yaseLondon iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-27.
Ama-poppies adume kakhulu yi-Lemur varius, abonakala ngoboya obambozwe amabala amhlophe namnyama. Ngezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile, umbala uhlukahluka, kolunye umbala omnyama uyabonakala, kolunye umhlophe. I-Vari ingenye yamapopies amakhulu, akhula ngekati elikhulu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo aziphansi kuye kulokhu. Olunye uhlobo, ikati (i-catta), ihlukaniswa ubuhle besimo salo nomsila omude, embozwe ngamasongo amhlophe namnyama. Umbala obaluleke kakhulu woboya bawo obukhulu, obuthambile no-wavy bimpunga, bujika bube umlotha mpunga, bese bubomvu ukugqwala. Izihlakala, izindlebe nesisu zimhlophe, ichopho lesizalo nokujikeleza kwamehlo kumnyama.
Muva nje, lo msele, noma i-lemur enekhola, ubelwa kuhlobo oluhlukile - i-Varecia, enohlobo olulodwa lweVarecia variegates. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyisilwane esikhulu, kwesinye isikhathi zifinyelela usayizi wenja enkulu. Umsila wakhe mfushane ngandlela thile kunomzimba.
I-Ring-tailed lemur - ikati le-Lemur. Ungowaluphi uhlobo lwama-lemurs. Le lemur ithole igama layo lokuqala ngekhono layo le-meow ne-purr.
I-lem lemakati yekati ibonakala kakhulu endaweni ebanjwa kuyo ukuze ibambe elangeni: ikhuphuka ibheke phezulu, iphonsa ikhanda emuva, isakaze imilenze yayo yonke, iveze isisu sayo esimhlophe ukushisa.
Eman Friedman I-primatology ehehayo
Njengoba kushiwo, izimfundamakhosi zazenziwe izithixo abanye abantu, futhi ezindaweni eziningi ziyahlonishwa manje: e-India, Japan, Peru, China nase Madagascar. Izindawo eziseduzane nedolobha laseTamatava eMadagascar zithatha i-collar lemur, noma iWari, ngesilwane esingcwele. Bakholelwa ukuthi le monkey (varikananda ngolimi lwendawo) ikhonza iLanga futhi iletha imikhuleko kuye njalo ekuseni. Lapho kuvela imisebe yokuqala, le nganekwane ithi, i-varicananda ihlala phansi, yelula izandla zayo ibheke eLangeni futhi ihlale kulesi sikhundla isikhathi eside, kube sengathi idonsa amandla okudlikiza okukhanya kwelanga. Isici esifanayo sici sangempela salezi lemurs. Ibuye ithande i-bask futhi ibuye ibhekwe njengengcwele eMadagascar, enye uhhafu-inkawu - i-Indri.