Ukwakheka komzimba wezinhlanzi ze-aquarium ze-aquarium kufana ne-disc. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, le phenotype ifinyelela kuma-cm angama-30. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele e-aquarium, ikhula ibe ngu-25 cm.
Uma umthamo ukhethwe kahle, ukunakekelwa okufanele kwenziwa, khona-ke isikhathi sempilo sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10.
Inhlanzi ye-aquarium, efinyelele ekuvuthweni, ine-brownish grey hue. Umzimba ophansi ugcwele izindawo ezinkulu ezimnyama. Kukulezizindawo lapho abasemanzini bahlukanisa lolu hlobo lwama-cichlids. Ngokuvamile, amabala agxila eduze kwamehlo.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Kwama-cichlid ama-2 cuneiform, kudingeka umthamo wamalitha ayi-150-160. Kulesi sitoreji esinjalo, abamele izinyamazane zifinyelela cm 20-25.
Ukuze izinhlanzi zizizwe zisejwayelekile, ithangi ligcwele amanzi ngamapharamitha alandelayo:
- Ukushisa kububanzi bama-degree angama-24-27.
- Izinga lobulukhuni licishe libe amayunithi ayi-7.
- I-Acidity imayunithi ayi-6-6,5.
I-wedge ebonakalayo ye-cichlid yinhlanzi yasemanzini engaqhamuki. Kepha ukukhula kwayo okujwayelekile kudinga:
- Amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, inhlalakahle yezinhlanzi ezinjalo iba yimbi kakhulu uma kukhona uketshezi olungcolile ethangini. Ngezinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu zokuhlanza ukusetshenziswa, ezifaka imidwebo ehlukahlukene.
- Izinguquko zamanzi zenziwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-8-10. Esikhundleni cishe amaphesenti angama-45-50 esamba.
Ama-wedge abonwe ngamakhicofi adla izitshalo njengokudla. Ukuze kuqedwe ukubola kanye nomonakalo otshanini, i-reservoir igcwele abamele izimbali, ezinamaqabunga aqine futhi aqinile.
Ukugcwalisa phansi kwethangi usebenzisa lezi zinhlobo zesigcawu esingaphansi:
- Amatshe amnandi
- Isihlabathi samalahle
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwethulwa izakhi zokudla okunezakhi zomzimba, ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni okuvamile kwezitshalo ze-algae nezithunzi.
Njengoba izinhlanzi ezibona nge-cuneiform zinamahloni, izinti ze-driftwood, imigudu namatshe kungeniswa ethangini. Lezi zinto zihlakazeka kuyo yonke i-aquarium ukuze ama-phenotypes athole indawo yokukhosela.
Umthamo wezinhlanzi ezinjalo uhlome ngamadivayisi wokukhanyisa ngamalambu we-fluorescent noma ama-LED. Amandla wemishini yokukhanyisa anqunywa ngawodwana. Amayunithi wokukhanyisa akhiwe ebangeni elithile ukuze izindawo ezinomthunzi zihlale ethangini.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-siphons nama-compressor wesilinganiso esithile asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-substrate. Kuyadingeka ukuzisebenzisa ngokucophelela ukuze ungaphuli ubuqotho bohlelo lwempande.
Ukubukeka okuhle
Inhlanzi ye-uaru ibukeka iyathakazelisa impela: inomzimba omise okwama-disc onekhanda elikhulu, izindebe ezigcwele namehlo aphuzi aqhakaze phezulu. Kukhona abantu abanamehlo abomvu. Umbala wazo uvame ukuba nsundu onsundu noma utshani ophuzi, kepha kukhona nezinhlanzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eziluhlaza okotshani. Izindawo ezintathu ezimnyama zitholakala emzimbeni wazo ngendlela ethokozisayo - izinhlangothi ezimbili ezizungeze amehlo kanye nenye, ngaphezulu ohlangothini. Abantu abasha bavame ukumbozwa amabala amancane ama-beige noma amabala ansundu - lokhu kuyabasiza ukuba bazifihle phansi kwendawo yokugcina bese becasha uma kungenzeka ingozi. Enye into ethokozisayo ye-uaru i-anal fin ende, imikhawulo engenalutho ebukeka njengama-spines amancane. Iningi lalezinhlanzi linokuqina kancane kwamafutha eduze komphimbo.
Endle, ama-cichlids asendle, angakhula afike kuma-30 cm ubude nama-10-13 cm ukuphakama. Ama-specariens we-Aquarium, yiqiniso, azoba mancane (20-25 cm). Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, le nhlobo iphila kuze kube seminyakeni engama-8-10.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kumaHuara, ahlala emaphaketheni, ubukhosi obucacile bungabonakala. Banama-alpha pair - owesilisa nowesifazane (owabhekwa njengogunyaziwe omkhulu), abazithobela zonke ezinye izinhlanzi. Owesilisa uhluke kowesifazane ikakhulukazi ngobukhulu, mkhulu.
Abamele lolu hlobo zinhlanzi ezinkulu futhi "ezenhlalo", ngakho-ke badinga i-aquarium efanelekile. I-cichlid eyodwa kufanele ilinganise okungenani amalitha ayi-150 amanzi. Kungcono ukuziqala ngemihlambi emincane (abantu abangu-8-10), khona-ke ngokwazo ziyohlukaniswa ngababili. Omakhelwane abahamba phambili beHuar bazoba yizihlobo zabo eziseduzane - izindlela ezingaphansi kwama-cichlids.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zinamahloni kakhulu, ngakho-ke izindawo zokukhosela eziningana, amatshe amakhulu amcaba noma emigedeni kufanele zibekwe ku-aquarium. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kufanele futhi ushiye isikhala esanele sokubhukuda kwamahhala. Usengimba amatshe emhlabathini ngokuqondile - ukunqamula insimu. Echibini lokufakelwa, kumele kube nezindawo ezimnyama noma okungenani ezimnyama - ngokwemvelo, i-uaru imvamisa ihlala ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingezansi noma eziphakathi nendawo.
Uma ufuna ukutshala i-aquarium enezitshalo eziphilayo, bese ukhetha lezo ezinamahlamvu aqine (ama-cichlid ajabule ukujabulela amaqabunga athambile). Kungaba i-anubias noma i-echinodorus. Kungakuhle ukubatshala emabhodweni akhethekile amancane abiwe emhlabathini.
Amazinga okushisa kwamanzi angaba ngu-25 kuye ku-30 ° С. Ngokuphola okubukhali okufika ku-20-22 ° C, izinhlanzi ziyagula. Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile isidingo soshintsho lwamasonto onke lwamanzi angama-40-50%. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-cichlid, njengabantu abakhulu ngokwanele, ayohlushwa ukungcoliswa yi-nitrogen emanzini. Ngesizathu esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukusungula i-aeration enamandla njalo nokuhlunga ku-aquarium. Amapharamitha wobulukhuni ne-acidity ajwayelekile - 15 ° W no-6.5-7.5 pH, ngokulandelana. Izifo eziphambili ezingathinteka yi-hematitis yi-hexamitosis kanye nokushoda kwe-Vitamin.
Izici Zokudla
Ama-cichlid awathobeki ekudleni, kepha ukuncelisa kwawo kufanele kuhlanganiswe futhi kufake nokudla okubukhoma kanye nezitshalo. Ukudla okuphilayo abathandayo:
Baphinde badinga ukudla kwemvelaphi yezitshalo, ngokwesibonelo, iklabishi langaphambi kwesikali noma amaqabunga esaladi. Ngenjabulo, izinhlanzi zidla amahlumela aluhlaza we-dandelion noma i-duckweed evamile. Amanye ama-aquarists abondla ngezithelo, ezinjengama-apula (endaweni yabo yemvelo, badla kalula izithelo eziwela emanzini). Ungafaka ukhukhamba noma i-zucchini ekudleni.
Ukudla kufanele kunikezwe kabili ngosuku izingxenye ezincane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, imfucumfucu yokudla izoqala ukubola khona lapho ku-aquarium. Izinhlanzi ezizwela i-nitrate emanzini zingagula.
Ukufihla izimfihlo
Ubunzima bokuzala i-ouaru enamabala amnyama angenye yezizathu zokusatshalaliswa kwawo akubanga njalo. Abafuyi bakwenza lokhu ngokwesekwa ochwepheshe abanolwazi.
Uma ufuna ukubandakanyeka kakhulu ekuzaleni, kungcono ekuqaleni ukuba nabantu abayisithupha noma abayi-8, ukuze phakathi kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuwe kube nabesilisa nabesifazane. Amabili lawa mafomu ezinhlanzi asencane impela.
Kwabazali, udinga ukuhlinzeka ithangi elihlukile ngomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-300. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze omakhelwane bangawadli amaqanda abekiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukubumbela kungaboshelwa ngaphandle kwezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuvikeleka kwamaqanda okuqeda amandla ezinhlanzi kukhipha amandla amakhulu enhlanzi.
Owesifazane uvame ukugwinya amaqanda ayi-100 kuye kwangama-500. Fry hatch ngosuku 4 futhi ukhule ngokushesha ngokwanele, kufinyelele osayizi abangama-5-6 cm ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Ekuqaleni, okuphakelayo okuncane ku-mucus, okuvunyelwa izinhlanzi zabantu abadala, ngakho-ke gazinga akufanele lihlukaniswe nabazali babo. Kancane kancane, bangaqala ukondla i-artemia noma ama-rotifers. Kusukela emavikini amabili eminyaka, ukudla kwezitshalo kufakwa ekudleni.
Isiphambeko esiyinhloko ngesikhathi sokuzalela ukuthi ama-cichlid abesifazane angazenza ngempumelelo abesilisa, abe ngababili bese enza ukulingisa. Wabasaqalayo ngeke basebenzisane ngokushesha nalesi ihlaya lemvelo.
Ochwepheshe abafanelekile abavela enkampanini yase-Aqua-esitolo bazojabula ukukusiza ukuthi ukhethe izilwane ezifuywayo ekhaya lakho le-aquarium futhi unikeze izeluleko ezisebenzayo ekuhleleni indlu yezinhlanzi nokuzalanisa i-fry.
Pseudotrophheus Lombardo
Lo mbhalo uzokusiza uqonde izici zenhlanzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Uaru amphiacanthoides.
Isizinda (iRegio) | I-Eukaryota (Eukaryota) |
I-Kingdom (i-Regnum) | Izilwane (Animalia) |
Uhlobo (Phylum) | I-Chordata (Chordata) |
Isigaba (Classis) | I-Rayfin Fish (i-Actinopterygii) |
I-oda (i-Ordo) (i-oda) | Ama-Cichliformes |
Umndeni (Umndeni) | Ama-Cichlid (Cichlidae) |
Uhlobo (Uhlobo) | I-Urara (Uaru) |
Izinhlobo | I-Urara emnyama ebonakalayo (Uaru amphiacanthoides) |
Izici ezijwayelekile
Umzimba we-cichlid unesimo esijulile se-oval disk. Isidumbu senhlanzi esidala sipendwe ngesiliva-grey futhi sihlotshiswe nge-spard enkulu enjenge-teardrop enombala onsundu omnyama noma omnqumo. Phansi komsila ungabona ibala.
Ngiyazibuza ukuthi bangaki ama-cichlazomas abaphila: iminyaka yabo yokuphila isukela eminyakeni eyi-8 kuye kweyi-10.
I-Urara enamabala amnyama ayikhathaleli ekunakekelweni nasekunakekelweni. Kodwa-ke, azikubekezeleli ukuguquguquka okubukhali kwezimo zamanzi kanye nokuba khona kwenani eliphakeme lezinto eziphilayo. I-aquarist kufanele ihlole ubumsulwa bamanzi futhi ibuyiselele njalo.
Isidingo samanzi
- lokushisa: 27-30 ° C,
- pH: 6-7,
- Ubunzima bamanzi: ithambile - ifinyelela ku-5 ° dH.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina inani elithile lezinto ezihlanganisiwe emanzini.
Le cichlid ikhiqiza imfucuza eminingi, ngakho-ke izinguquko ezinkulu zamanzi ezivame ukwenziwa.
Umehluko phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane
Kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kobulili. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi owesilisa osekhulile une-papillae ebukhali ebukhali futhi abantu uqobo lwabo bangaba bakhulu.
Abesilisa abavuthiwe bangaba neqhaza ngemuva kwamakhanda abo. Kukholelwa futhi ukuthi amehlo abomvu atholakala cishe kuphela kubantu besifazane. Kodwa-ke, azikho kulezi zibonakaliso ezingenhla ezithembekile ekunqumeni ubulili.
Ukuzala
IHuaru emnyama enobala ingenye yezinhlobo ezinzima kakhulu ukuzalaniswa ngenxa yobunzima ekunqumeni ubulili. Uma ufuna ukwakha umbhangqwana obhangqiwe, indlela elula ukuthi ube nabantu abangama-6-8 e-aquarium futhi ubenze babe ngabodwa.
Ukuthomba kwenhlanzi kwenzeka kungakapheli nonyaka.
Izidingo Spawning
- i-aquarium enamalitha okungenani angama-250 amanzi,
- Kunconywa ukubhangqa e-aquarium phambi kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi kokuqalwa kokuqala ezimbalwa. I-Urara ivame ukuba nezinkinga eziphakeme zokucindezelwa ngenkathi yamakhaza ambalwa okuqala futhi ekugcineni ingadla amaqanda ayo,
- izinga lokushisa lamanzi 28-30 ° C,
- i-pH icishe ibe ngu-6.0,
- ubunzima bamanzi 2-4 dH.
Inqubo yokuzala
- vele owesilisa nowesifazane baqale ukukhula ngokuzithandela ngemuva kokulungiselela izimo ezifanele ku-aquarium,
- ngesikhathi sokuzalela, i-cichlid ishintsha ukubukeka kwayo kwansuku zonke kunalokho okuthambile. Umzimba uphenduka umnyama, futhi amehlo aphenduka abe bomvu,
- insikazi ibekela amaqanda endaweni eyisicaba. Ngesikhathi, lokhu kuvame ukuba amaqanda ayi-100-400, khona-ke inzalo ivikelwe ngabazali bobabili,
- amaqanda ahlala ebusweni izinsuku ezingama-2-4, bese abazali bawo bawadlulisela emgodini obewe ngaphambilini emhlabathini. Amaqanda ahlala lapho kuze kube yilapho sekufinyiwe izinsuku ezingama-3-4,
- akufanele ukondle i-Huaru encane, ngoba abazali bazokhipha umunyu emzimbeni ukuze inzalo idle. Lapho i-fry inamaviki amabili ubudala, ungaqala ukuyinika okusanhlamvu okuqoshiwe kanye ne-shrimp encane yolwandle.
Umsoco
Endle, i-ouaru idla cishe konke ekutholayo. Ngakho-ke, ukhetha imifino ethile, izinambuzane, izithelo.
Ukuze ugcine ezimweni ze-aquarium kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuphakelayo:
- Okubukhoma: i-artemia, i-worldworm noma i-tubule.
- Imifino: i-zucchini ehlanganisiwe namakhukhamba, amacembe we-ulethisi, i-spirulina.
- Umile. Zithengiswa ezitolo zezilwane. Ukuqaliswa kokuphakelwa kwe-granular noma i-tabletet kuvunyelwe.
Okuphakelayo kukhishwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Ukusebenza kubalwa ngawodwana.
Njengoba ama-cichlid engaphenduli kahle kuma-ammonia ngokweqile, ukwethula okuphakelayo ngokweqile akunconywa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izinsalela eziphilayo zihlangana kancane kancane enhlabathini.
Ukuvumelana
Akunconyelwe ukwethula ama-cichlid amabala e-cuneiform endaweni yokugcina evamile, ngoba awahlangani kahle namanye ama-phenotypes.
Ama-cichlid aseMelika nawase-Afrika angeniswa kuhlobo lwe-aquarium. Kuvunyelwe ukwethula i-discus, umdlavuza, (okwesibhakabhaka, oluluhlaza), kanye nesibazi.
Kwidamu elilodwa, kudingeka abantu aba-2, 4, njengoba umuntu oyedwa engathathi izimpande. Kepha umhlambi onjalo udinga ithangi elinomthamo wamalitha angama-200 noma ngaphezulu.