I-Tape krait ingenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu. * Ama-vertebrates

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Sawubona. Iningi lezinyoka lizama ukugwema ukuxhumana nabantu, futhi ikakhulukazi ezinobuthi, kepha kunabantu abanolaka kakhulu nabokuqala ukuhlasela. Namuhla sizokutshela ngenyoka enje.

Isivakashi sethu namuhla siqhubeka asia mpumalanga futhi kuletha ukwesaba kubantu bendawo. I-Krayt inezici ezihehayo, ubude benyoka bungafinyelela Amamitha ayi-2,5 kepha iningi labantu abadala litholakala nxazonke amamitha amabili kaningi ngisho kufika kumamitha amabili . Emini, inyoka ihamba kancane futhi ibule kancane, ngakho-ke, ikhetha indawo yokuhlala endaweni epholile emnyama ngesikhathi sokukhanya kwemini. Kepha ebusuku, i-tra kraight iyikhulu iphesenti iyasebenza, njengoba iqala ukuzingela.

UKrayt udla ezinye izinyoka, ngisho ezinobuthi kepha ekudleni uthola amaxoxo, nezinyoni, no-dt. Ngenxa yobuthi bayo obunobuthi, i-kraut ibulala kalula inyamazane, ngemuva kwalokho iyigwinye, iqala ngokwemvelo kusuka ekhanda. Ngendlela, i-ribbon kraut nayo ingaba isidlo sakusihlwa kwezinye izirhubuluzi, kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu, inezitha ezimbalwa. UKrayt ubhekisa izinyoka ezinobuthi, ezikwazi ukuthatha impilo yomuntu omdala, futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Abantu bavame ukuvusela lezi zinyoka ukulunywa, abantu bendawo abesabi nhlobo, ngesikhathi sasemini, ukuzothatha inyoka ezandleni zabo, njengoba sesibhale ngenhla, ukuvusa amehlo kobuvila phakathi kosuku. Kepha ngabantu abadukiswa, inyoka iyakwazi ukuqongelela amandla futhi ilume ngisho nasesikhathini sasemini, okuvame ukukhombisa. Ngendlela ebuwula enjalo, abantu uqobo bazijezisa ngokuvilapha kwabo kanye nelukuluku elingadingekile kunoma ngubani, kanye nokubonisa kwesibindi.

I-tra kraut ayikugwemeli ukuxhumana nomuntu, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi ingena ezindaweni zokuhlala zabantu kalula futhi ingakwazi nokuhlala lapho, icashe endaweni ethule nesekusithekeni (ekhoneni, ngaphansi kombhede, ebusuku nobusuku, njll.). Imvamisa, i-krait ibheka umuntu njengosongo empilweni futhi ingahlasela kuqala ngaphandle kokungabaza. Awungeke uzwe njalo ukulunywa komkhawulo weteyiphu, kepha amanxeba amancane asendaweni yawo, kufana nenaliti noma iphini. UKrayt angakuluma amahlandla amaningi, ngaleyo ndlela angenise ubuthi obuningi endaweni eyodwa. Ngokuyisisekelo, amakharaqa akhasa engena ezindlini ukuze athole induku encane lapho, ukuze adle inyamazane elula.

Uma uluma i-krait, kufanele ufune usizo lodokotela ngokushesha, kepha umuthi wokugoma awuhlali njalo usindisa abantu kuma-antidote, ikakhulukazi uma izinyo elinobuthi selifikile emthanjeni noma endaweni yekhanda. I-tiles kraft iyingozi kumuntu kwasekuqaleni ngoba ayizami ukufihla, kepha umuntu uqobo, ngokunganaki kwakhe, ucunula inyoka ukuba ilume.

Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-pamas

IPama ifinyelela ku-1.50 - 1.75 metres ubude. Umbala wenyoka umnyama noma umnyama futhi uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ikhanda limnyama futhi liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isizungwana sinsundu.

Emuva naphansi kusukela emuva kwekhanda, lehla nhlangothi zombili, njengekhola, umucu ophuzi. Izingxenye ezisele zomzimba wenyoka zimbozwe izindandatho eziphuzi nezimnyama, zibekwe kude ngokulinganayo ukusuka komunye nomunye futhi cishe ububanzi obufanayo, inani lazo lisukela ku-25 laya ku-35.

Amaphampu we-ventral akhuliswa kakhulu, amafulethi womsila ahlelwe ngokulandelana. I-keel engemuva iyashiwo, umsila ugcwele, ngakho-ke ukwakheka komzimba wenyoka kubonakale njengonxantathu. Amazinyo mancane, ngobude awudluli kuma-millimitha ayi-2-3.

Indlela Yokuphila Kwephepha

Tape krait kuholela yokuphila ebusuku. Emini, ukhetha ukufihla emigodini eyomile noma ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla.

I-Tape krait (i-Bungarus fasciatus).

Uma umbamba, khona-ke akakhombisi noma yikuphi ukumelana, ungaphonsa, unikine, umbambe ngezandla. Kepha ngokuqala kobusuku, zonke ziyaphuma zizingele. Ama-thermoreceptors azwelayo abamba ukushisa kwesisulu endaweni engamamitha angama-5-7, inyoka ayiveli ngaphandle kwesinyamazane.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-pamas

IPama yande emahlathini aseNortheast India, eziqhingini zaseSumatra naseJava, i-Indochina Peninsula. Imvamisa lolu hlobo lwezinyoka luhlala eBurma, eSouth China, amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, iSunda Islands.

I-Pama - inyoka enobuthi eyingozi kubantu.

Tape Krayt Habitats

UTape kraite uhlala kuzo zombili izindawo ezinomswakama futhi owomile. Kodwa-ke, isidingo sokuqala sokuphila kwezinyoka ubukhona bezindawo zokukhosela ezinhlobonhlobo - izimbobo, izinqwaba zokhuni, izinhlahla ezifuywayo eduze nalapho ama-kraut azingela khona. I-Krayta ingatholakala emhlabeni wezolimo, emagodini nasezindlini zabantu. Ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu, azijwayelekile, yize zingavela endlini. Emini, imvamisa ivikela ilanga, icashe ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala.

I-Tape Krait - inyoka enobuthi

IPama ingenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu. Uvamisile ukungena ezindlini zabantu, acashe khona lapho ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngendlela yokuhlasela isisulu, i-lifana ne-cobra ese-Central Asia: ayigcini ngokumba nje kuphela isisulu, kodwa futhi izama ukusiluma kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Amaxoxo avela kokulunywa kwakhe afe phakathi nemizuzwana embalwa. Izilwane ezinkulu, njengamakati, zingaphila isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-20. Ukufa komuntu kungavela emahoreni alandelayo ayi-10-15.

Ukuhlaselwa kwePama ngejubane lombani, kuthatha ukulunywa okuningi, kufakwe umuthi wephupho lengonyama kulowo ohlukunyeziwe.

Kaningi kunokuthi, umhlangano ophethe i-crater crater uphela kabuhlungu. Inani lobuthi obutholakele bukhulu kakhulu ngomzimba, futhi umuntu ufa kungakapheli amahora angama-2-5 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuthola ama-milliliters ayi-2-3 egazi. Ngemuva kokulunywa, kuqala ukushaqeka okuncane, kuqhamuke ikhanda, isimo sokuqina ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya, ukufoka, ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wenhliziyo. Isidingo esiphuthumayo sokwethula i-serum elwa ne-inyoka kungenjalo umuntu uzofa emahoreni ayi-10-15. Ukubuyiselwa kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-5-7.

Izici zokuziphatha kwe-tape crater

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kosuku, iribhoni krayt ihlala ezindaweni zokukhosela. Kukhanyisa izimpumputhe futhi kusabise inyoka, kunciphisa ulaka. Kulokhu, uma i-krayt iphazamiseka, imvama iqonde phezulu, ifihle ikhanda ngaphakathi. Ebumnyameni, izenzo zalenyoka zinesibindi futhi zinamandla.

Izibalo ziyaqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho ne-serum eyethulwa ngemuva kokuluma isiza kuphela ama-50% abantu abalunywe.

Lapho umuntu esondela, i -ises imvamisa ukuthatha indiza, kepha uma inyoka icasukile, ingahlasela nomuntu okonile. Emini, ukuhlaselwa kraight kuyaqabukela, ngoba ngesikhathi esishisayo inyoka iyavilapha. Ukuphazamiseka ngalesi sikhathi, imvamisa akahlaseli, kepha ukhasa ohlangothini bese ekhuphuka. Ebusuku, umphetho weteyipu unolaka olukhulu futhi uhlasela ngisho nalapho ungekho usongo empilweni.

Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlangana nalenyoka, kungcono ukuyidlula. Ukulunywa nguPamasi kuyabulala, kepha ngenxa yokuthi amazinyo enobuhlungu enyoka amafushane impela, umuntu omile usenethemba lokusinda, ngokungafani nokulimala okumangalisayo kwe-cobra. Kodwa-ke, izingane zaseVietnam zidlala nge-pamy, zilenga ngentonga, ifakwe entanyeni, ziziphathe ngenyoka enobuthi ngokungabonakali. I-kraot yer ribbon ayisoze yaluma, yaphuphuthekiswa ukukhanya okukhanyayo futhi ilwela ukufihla ikhanda layo ngaphansi komzimba wayo onesihlungu. Noma kunjalo, umuntu kufanele aqaphele lenyoka, ngisho nokuklwebeka okuncane ngezinyo elinobuthi kubangela izimpawu zobuthi.

Ama-tape kraits atholakala emahlathini ashisayo eNdiya, eningizimu yeChina kanye neBurma.

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwamakhasethi wetiyipu

IPamas izala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Ku-clutch kusuka emaqanda ayi-5 kuye kwayi-14. Isikhathi sokufakwa kwesinye isikhathi sithatha izinsuku ezingama-60 - 63 ngokushisa kwama-29 degrees C kanye nomswakama ophezulu wesihlobo. Ama-pamas amancane azalwa enesisindo esingu-7-8 amagremu ngenyanga. Ngosuku lweshumi, kuvela umolt wokuqala. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, amawundlu azoba yingozi futhi abe yingozi ezilwaneni ezincane nezinye izinyoka. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izinyoka ezincane zidla ngokuzikhandla ku-carrion futhi ziphila izinyoka ezincane futhi zikhule ngokushesha.

Ukudla kwePama

IPama idla izinyoka ezincane, izibankwa, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (ama-shrews, amalulwane) nama-amphibians.

Ama-tapa kraits ayasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku.

Unqenqema lwetheyiphu luhlasela kungazelelwe futhi kungazelelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, inyoka idonsa ikhanda layo emuva bese iphonsa uhhafu womzimba phambili, izame ukuluma amazinyo ayo esilwaneni sayo. Lapho-ke ikrait ye-tepi icindezela imihlathi amahlandla ambalwa ukuze ubuthi bungene esilondeni.

IPamu kunzima ukuyigcina futhi izale ekudingisweni. Leli phuzu aligcini kuphela ngokuphathwa kwalo okobuthi obuthile, lapho lilethwa endaweni yokuboshwa, izinyoka zisesimweni esibi kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bokuhamba. Ngokusho kwedatha ye-2007, i-tra kraut itholakala kuphela kwi-Zoo yaseMoscow kanye nase-zoo zaseSri Lanka naseMalaysia.

I-tra kraut igcinwa kumadali.

Ukuze ugcine amakhasethi wetiyipu, kukhethwa i-terrarium engama-60x50x80 cm. Ngaphansi embozwe ngemithambo edinga ukufayishwa njalo. Izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kwe-pamas lingama-26- 28 degrees. Ekuthunjweni, umphetho weteyipu udliswa izinyoka ezincane, ngokwesibonelo, ama-Copper, amagundane. Isikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi ekudingisweni yiminyaka engu-8-10.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Uhlu lwezinyoka ezinobuthi kakhulu eMhlabeni

Ubuthi obunobuthi obukhulu buqukethe i-inland Taipan. Cishe abantu abangama-80 ngonyaka bafa ngokulimala kwakhe, okuthi ngisho ne-serum ekhethekile kaningi ingasindisi. Lesi sidalwa esiphilayo sihlala e-Australia.
Inyoka enombala onsundu (ibhekisa kuma-aspid) iyingozi yesibili ngemuva kwe-taipan. IHarlequin aspid, ehlala e-United States, inobuthi ikakhulukazi. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa nokulunywa yilenyoka, umuntu angafa kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngaphandle kosizo lwezokwelashwa olufika ngesikhathi.
IMamba emnyama, evamile e-Afrika, ifinyelela ubude obufika kumamitha amathathu. Le nyoka enolaka ihlasela ngaleso sikhathi esincane futhi ilume ngokushesha.
Inyoka yekraight, ehlala e-Australia nase-Asia, inokhahlo futhi iyingozi empilweni yomuntu. Imininingwane eminingi enemininingwane ngayo inikezwa kamuva esihlokweni.
Ama-rattlesnake, anendawo ebanzi yokuhlala, ahlukile ezihlotsheni zawo ngendlela ekhethekile yomsila nogebhezi. Lapho kwenzeka ingozi, iqala ukudala umsindo wesimilo, inyakazisa inqubo esicongweni somsila wayo.
I-Viper ijwayelekile e-Asia naseYurophu. I-Toxin, kuya ngokusabela komzimba womuntu, yenza ngokuhlukile. Abantu bangahlala bekhubazekile ngemuva kokulunywa, kepha kukhona ukufa. Ubude benyoka bubalelwa ku-50 cm, nombala wesikali ungahluka, ngokuya ngendawo yomuntu.

Ama-sand tiger, king cobra, inyoka yasolwandle enezinwele, njll. Zonke izinyoka eziyingozi ezingabulala umuntu.

Incazelo yenyoka ye-krat

Izinyoka ezinobuthi kakhulu futhi eziyingozi zingabukeka zingenangozi ngokuphelele, futhi kukhona nezinhle phakathi kwazo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-kraits. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo eziyi-12. Ubuthi obukhulu kakhulu phakathi kwabo i-krait enamakhanda aphuzi. Unamazinyo amancane, kepha ezindaweni lapho abantu kufanele bagqoke izingubo ezilula, lokhu kuyinzuzo engathandeki.

Inyoka inombala onemigqa: Imichilo eshintshashintshayo futhi ngokulinganayo iminyene emhlophe (noma noma yikuphi ukukhanya) kanye namnyama ansundu (noma omnyama). Ngokwesilinganiso, ubude benyoka encane buyi-1.5-2 metres. Izinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zinobude obungamamitha ayi-2,5. Ikhanda le-kraut yenyoka enobuthi liyindilinga kabi, ukuthinteka kwentambo kuvezwa buthaka. Umzimba omfishane uphela ngomsila omfishane ongaziwa. Isigaxa esikhulukazi se-hexagonal esikalini sidlula eceleni kwenyoka, lapho kuhlangana khona umzimba wezimpawu zesigaba sesiphambano.

Ukuhlukaniswa

Izinhlobo zohlobo lwe-Krayt:

Andaman krait (Bungarus andamanensis),
I-Kraant Cratt (i-Bungarus bungaroides),
I-Malay krait (i-Bungarus expressionus),
I-Indian krait (i-Bungarus caeruleus),
I-Ceylon krayt (i-Bungarus ceylonicus),
i-lead kraft (i-Bungarus lividus),
iribhoni kraft (Bungarus fasciatus),
i-krait enamakhanda aphuzi (i-Bungarus flaviceps),
krait mnyama (Bungarus niger),
i-coarse kraot (i-Bungarus magnimaculatus),
ISouth China i-krait ebanzi (i-Bungarus multicinctus),

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yi-t (tra kraot), ehlala eNdiya, Burma naseningizimu yeChina. Okuyingozi kakhulu kulolu hlobo i-krait enamakhanda aphuzi (okuphawulwe ngenhla), enamazinyo amancane, kodwa enobuthi obulala kakhulu.

Imikhuba yendlela yokuphila

Kunama-kraot kites (bungars) eNdiya, esiqhingini sase-Andaman, eSri Lanka, ePakistan. Bahlala eSoutheast Asia (kufaka phakathi isiqhingi) nase-Australia. Bakhetha izindawo ezomile ezinendawo yokukhosela, futhi kaningi kuba nezimo zokungena ezindlini zabantu.

Zisebenza ikakhulu kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ukudla kwezinyoka kufaka izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izibankwa, izinyamazane nezinyoka. Ngomthamo owodwa wobuthi, i-krait ingabulala cishe abantu abayi-10. Uma ucela noma yimuphi uchwepheshe wezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi aqambe izinyoka eziyingozi eziyingozi kakhulu zoMhlaba, ngokuqinisekile uyobiza igama le-kraut. Zonke izinhlobonhlobo zalolu hlobo lobuhlanga zibekwa eqandeni. Izinsikazi zigada i-clutch kuze kube yilapho inzalo inyakazekile.

Mayelana nezinto ezinobuthi nezinoshevu

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, amazinyo anobuhlungu wezinyoka ze-krat afushane kunalokho. Kunamazinyo amathathu ngaphezulu emhlathini ongenhla ngemuva kwawo, kepha awanobuthi.

Ubuhlungu balolu hlobo lwezinyoka bunomphumela oqinile we-neurotoxic, ohambisana nokuba khona kobuthi be-postynaptic (noma α-bungarotoxins) nobuthi be-presynaptic (noma β-bungarotoxins) kuyo. Azikho ubuthi bezinhlobo ze-Bungarus fasciatus. I-Tape kraot venom iqukethe i-cardiotoxin, engatholakali kwezinye izinhlobo.

Ngokusobala, ubuthi babo buqukethe i-peptide enobuthi. Lesi sakamuva, lapho singena egazini noma sinobuthi obunamandla kunabo bonke, sinamandla okudlula isithiyo sobuchopho begazi bese kuba nomthelela oqondile ebuchosheni. Kulokhu, ukufa kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokukhubazeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-kraot inyoka enobuthi iqukethe i-phospholipase A2, dipeptidase ne-acetylcholinesterase (ejwayelekile kwizinyoka ze-aspid).

Izinyoka eBali

E-Indonesia, kunezinyoka eziningi, phakathi kwazo okunobuthi. UBali uhlukile. Kulesi siqhingi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka ezinobuthi, kufaka phakathi ulwandle olulodwa nomhlaba o-5. Izinyoka krait eBali (ngokwesibonelo, eCanggu) nazo ziyatholakala. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izinhlobo zasolwandle nezasemhlabeni. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezindaweni ezinenani elikhulu lezimila eziluhlaza kunamathuba amaningi okuhlangana nalesi silwane esiyingozi.

Izinhlobonhlobo zama-kraits kulezi zindawo anemibala emnyama namnyama okwesibhakabhaka nokumpunga. Ubude bawo bufinyelela cishe imitha eyodwa. Inyoka kraight olwandle nayo yinto eyenzeka kahle. Lokhu kusebenza ekubukeni okuyimigqa. Ama-kraits amanzi (ama-banded sea krait) ayizinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu e-Bali.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusizakala okusobala kwe-bungar ngesikhathi sasemini kuyadukisa. Ngemuva kokubukwa kaningana, esinye isazi sezilwane okuthiwa nguZdenek Vogel saphawula ukuthi izingane zaseVietnam zayihlekisa kanjani le nyoka emini? Kepha lapho yena uqobo ephakamisa inyamazane ngomsila, ethatha isinqumo sokuyivivinya ukuze kube nokuthula, ngokushesha wagoba walimaza umunwe wakhe ngaphambi kokuyilahla. Udokotela wezilwane ngemuva kwalokhu wagula cishe izinsuku ezintathu.

Lapho uhlangana nalesi silwane esiyingozi, kufanele ushiye kude naso. Esikhathini sasemini, ama-kraits avilapha kakhulu, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi ahlukumeze umuntu. Into esemqoka ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu - ungasondeli ezihubhisayo ebangeni eliseduze.

Ukwazi ukuthi kunamakhara endaweni, kufanele uzame ukugqoka izingubo ezinkulu. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, lezi zinyoka zinamazinyo amancane kakhulu anobuthi, ngakho izingubo eziminyene neziwugqinsi kungaxwayisa ngokukuluma kwenyoka okuyingozi (ngeke kuyilume).

Kunezilwane eziningi eziyingozi ezihlala emhlabeni - izingwenya zase-Afrika, izicabucabu ezinobuthi, izinyamazane ezinkulu ezinjengezingonyama noshaka. Kodwa-ke, isigaba esisodwa esivelele. Yebo, yizo kanye lezi zinyoka - eziyingozi nezinoshevu, izilwane ezinkulu nezinhle ezisezandleni zonke zomhlaba, nomhlangano ongaphetha ngawo impilo yabantu.

Lezi ezihuquzelayo zihlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica, naseziqhingini ezinkulu nezincane. Okukhulu kakhulu okwaziwayo namuhla yi-python ne-anaconda, encane kunazo zonke yi-Leptotyphlops carlae, inobude obuyi-10 cm kuphela. Izinyoka ezaziwa kakhulu azinobuthi, kepha lezo ezinobuthi emgodleni wazo zinxephezela ngokuphelele ukungabi bikho kwezihlobo.

Ngezansi kwendatshana - TOP-10: izinyoka ezinobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

I-Schlegel's Chain-Tailed Botrops

Lobuhle bubukeka buhlekisa, kepha ubuthi bakhe bunobuthi kakhulu - bachitha imithambo yegazi namaseli ebomvu egazi. ECosta Rica, cishe abantu abayisi-6 bafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokulunywa yinyoka ekwelapha (elinye igama layo).

AmaBotrops, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingezansi, izinyoka eziyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kungani bayingozi?

Inyoka ebilisiwe itholakala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, futhi ikhula ifinyelele kuma-50-60 cm. Ayihluphi abantu ngokuqondile, ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko izimbumbulu, izinduku ezincane, amasele, izibungu.

Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu engathandi, uzoba nomuzwa ongathandeki kakhulu - ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala kwendawo elukhuni, ukopha kwangaphakathi kungenzeka. Lapho inyoka endala iluma, usizo lukadokotela luyadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho kungenzeka ukufa.

Imnyama Mamba

IBlack mamba ihlala ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwekazi lase-Afrika - ohlwini “lwezinyoka eziyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni” lona, njenganoma iyiphi enye, lufanelwe ukuhlala emigqeni yokuqala. Ukuphonsa kwakhe kunembe ngokwedlulele, kanti ubuthi bunobuthi. Ushesha kakhulu - i-mamba emnyama ingahamba ngejubane elingama-20 km / h, okungukuthi, ishesha ukwedlula abantu abaningi abagijimayo.

Lobuhle abuyithandi imihlangano nabantu futhi ufuna ukuyibalekela; Kodwa-ke, unolaka futhi, njengoba ekhubazekile, uzongena ekuhlaseleni - yize iqiniso lokuthi imamba ingaluma kuze kube ngu-12 ngokulandelana, isimo esinjalo senza ukuhlangana naye kube yingozi enkulu.

Lokhu, ngaphandle kwehaba, yinyoka eyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni - ukukalwa kwezibi kubeka endaweni yokuqala, ngoba uma kungekho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, izisulu zemamba emnyama zifa ngamacala ayi-100. Kukhona i-antidote, futhi ezimweni eziningi umuntu angasindiswa, noma kunjalo, uma nje ukuthi ukufa kwenzeka kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15 kuya emahoreni ama-3, isikhathi sifushane.

I-Whitetail keffiyeh

Le inyoka ingatholakala eNdiya, China, Malaysia naseziqhingini eziningi zase-Indonesia. Ukuphila ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni, akuvamile ukwehlela emhlabathini. Iziduna zalolu hlobo zikhula zize zibe ngu-61 cm, izinsikazi - zize zibe ngu-82 cm. Ukudla kwazo okuyinhloko ama-amphibians amancane nezilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, kaningi - izibankwa.

Njengesivikelo, i-keffiyeh ene-lipped emhlophe isebenzisa izidleke zezinyoni ezilahliwe, izimbobo, amaphutha, futhi icashe khona lapho phakathi kwamahlamvu. Indawo yayo emvelweni yizikhukhula zemifula nemifudlana, amahlathi akhanyayo nezihlahlana, amahlathi ashisayo, amathafa kanye namafulethi, izihlahla zoqalo, izihlahla ezakhiwayo, kwesinye isikhathi zihlala eduze namadolobha.

Ubuhlungu be-keffiyeh enamehlo amhlophe buyinkimbinkimbi, bunomphumela we-neuroparalytic kanye ne-fibrionolytic. Ukufa futhi akuzona izinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni: kunokufa okumbalwa kokulunywa kwabo, abanye baze bazigcine ezindaweni zokudla njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, umhlangano naye endle, lapho kunzima ukuthola khona futhi ushiye umgwaqo ngesikhathi, ungaphela ngokudabukisayo.

Izikhova

Izinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu zeplanethi yethu zingabukeka zingenangozi noma muhle kakhulu. Futhi izinkomba ziyisiqinisekiso esicacile salokhu. Lolu hlobo lwezinyoka ezinobuthi lunezinhlobo eziyi-12, phakathi kwazo lapho i-krait enamakhanda aphuzi ibhekwa njengobuthi kunayo yonke. Unamazinyo amancane, kepha lokhu kuyinzuzo engathandeki ezindaweni lapho abantu begqoka khona izingubo ezilula.

Izinyoka zalolu hlobo zihlala eziqhingini zeziqhingi zaseMalay, eSouth Asia nase-Australia. Bazithanda izindawo ezomile ezigcwele izindawo zokukhosela, futhi bavame ukungena ngenkani emizini yabantu, ngenxa yalokho imihlangano yabo bobabili yenzeka kaningi.

Ubude obuphakathi krait ngamamitha ayi-1.5-2. Zisebenza ikakhulukazi ebusuku nakusihlwa, zondla izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izibankwa, izinyamazane nezinyoka.

UKrayt uyakwazi ukubulala abantu abayi-10 ngethamo elilodwa lobuthi bakhe. Uma ubuza uchwepheshe wezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi aqambe izinyoka eziyishumi ezinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni, nakanjani uzosho nge-kraut.

UMesh Brown Snake

Ama-80% wezinyoka e-Australia awela phezu kwenyoka onsundu yenethi. Ngokwesilinganiso, lezi ezihuquzelayo zikhula zibe amamitha elilodwa nesigamu ubude, lokhu kungenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu ezwenikazi. Okokuqala, iyazingela phakathi nosuku, ehambisana nesikhathi somsebenzi womuntu, futhi okwesibili, inobuthi obuyinkimbinkimbi, obuyingxube yama-neurotoxins nama-anticoagulants (athinta wonke umzimba nesibindi ngezinso ikakhulukazi).

Inyoka enensundu ihlasela ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Ungumzingeli okhethiwe futhi ovumelana nezimo ngokuphelele, olungele ngokuphelele indawo ohlwini "lwezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni." Iyakwazi ukuhlala emadolobheni amancane namakhulu. Abahlali nezivakashi zase-Australia bangathola umzimba omncane oguquguqukayo esibayeni, esakhiweni, egalaji, ngisho nasendlini yabo - beyofuna amagundane.

Ama-boomslang ase-Afrika

Inyoka yesihlahla ekwazi ukukhula ibe ngamamitha amathathu ubude. I-Boomslang ihlala eningizimu naseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika, kanti ubuthi bayo bunobuthi kakhulu - uma bungena egazini, ngokushesha buqala ukubhubhisa amaseli.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwarekhodwa kuphela izehlakalo ezingama-23 zokuhlaselwa kwalenyoka kubantu; emhlanganweni, ukhetha ukuhlehla kunokuba uhlasele.

Lesi reptile sivame ukucasha esihlahleni noma utshani obude, sikhuphuka nezihlahla ngokuphelele futhi siyakwazi ukulingisa amagatsha ngombala waso. Ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko izinyoni; ama-boomslang ngeke anqabe nokudla amaqanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unokusabela okuhle kakhulu - uyakwazi ukubamba inyoni epheshaneni. Ukushona kukadokotela wezilwane odumile uKarl Patterson Schmidt ngonyaka ka-1957 kuxhumene ne-boomslang yase-Afrika.

Isigaxa esimnyama

Iyaziwa ngokwazi kwayo ukukhafulela ubuthi. I-cobra enamachaphaza amnyama itholakala kuma-savannahs ase-Afrika, umbala wayo womzimba uhluka kusuka kokukhanya okukhanyayo kuya kokusansundu okumnyama, umphimbo nentamo kumnyama.

I-cobra enomunwe omnyama yaziwa kabanzi ngobucayi bayo: uma ihlangane nokuthile, ngombono wayo, okuyingozi, ikhuphuka ngaphezu komhlaba futhi "ihlume" ngendwangu enobuthi. Kunye, inyoka ikhipha ubuthi obungu-3.7 mg we-toxin. Esimweni sokucasulwa kakhulu, i-cobra emnyama enamachaphaza ikwazi ukudubula izikhathi ezingama-28 ngokulandelana, njengoba eseqede ama-sumu ayi-135 mg - cishe sonke isitoko sayo sezinhlungu ezinobuthi. Inkomba yokuthi "isibhamu" ihlala ilamehlo - abantu bendawo kanye nezivakashi ngezikhathi ezithile baba yizisulu zemihlangano enjalo.

I-Arizona Asp

Lesi ngesinye sezinyoka ezincane kunazo zonke zomndeni we-aspid, ubude bawo bufika kuma-40 cm kuphela. Umbala wakhe womzimba ukhumbuleka kakhulu - ukushintshana izindandatho ezimnyama, ezibomvu nezimhlophe. Izidingo ze-Arizona akuzona izinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni: ukungena enkingeni, akwanele ukumane uhlangane naye, kudingeka futhi uziphathe ngobuwula kakhulu.

Le nyoka ekhanyayo ihlala ogwadule eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States nasenyakatho neMexico futhi yaziwa ngokuziphatha kwayo okungajwayelekile - lapho okuthile kuyesabisa, ifihla ngaphansi komhlaba, ishiye kuphela umsila wayo, igobe phezulu iluphe, futhi yenze imisindo yokuphuma. Umuntu ohlangane naye angavele avele - noma kunjalo, lapho uzama ukudonsa i-asp noma ukubamba umsila, izinkinga ziqinisekisiwe.

Amazinyo amancane anobude bamamilimitha ayi-8 aluma cishe ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela awenzeki ngokushesha - izimpawu zobuthi zivela emahoreni angama-8-24 ngemuva kokulunywa.

I-Arizona Aspid, okuwukuphela kwesihlobo se-cobra eNyakatho Melika, injola ubuthi obuncane, kepha banele ukubulala. Ngaphandle kokuvikela umuthi, ukukhubazeka kwemisipha kungaqala, okuholela ekugcineni ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo nokufa.

ITaipan

Uhlobo lweTaipan lubandakanya izinhlobo ezintathu zezinyoka ezinobuthi - i-taipan uqobo, inyoka enesihluku ne-Oxyuranus temporalis, eyatholakala muva nje, ngonyaka we-2007.

Onke - izinyoka ezinkulu, ezinokulunywa yizo eziyingozi kakhulu - ngaphambi kokuthi kuqubuke imbandezelo yobuthi babo ebulewe ngamaphesenti angama-90.

I-Coastal Taipan - Inyoka enobuthi enkulu kunazo zonke yase-Australia, ngokusho kokuqagela okuhlukahlukene, isendaweni yesithathu noma yesine ngokuya ngobuthi. Ngenxa yesimo saso esinolaka, ijubane eliphezulu lokuhamba nosayizi, akunqweneleki ukuhlangana nayo - eQueensland, lapho ama-taipan atholakala kakhulu, wonke umuntu olunywe okwesibili efa, futhi ukufa kungenzeka emahoreni angama-4 kuya kwayi-12.

Futhi uma umuntu ebuza umAustralia ukuthi iyiphi inyoka eyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni, angakwazi ukuzwa lapho ephendula - i-taipan, futhi isihlobo sakhe esiseduze iyinyoka enonya. Futhi kunzima ukuphikisana nalokho.

Lesi silwane sihlala eCentral Australia, sithanda imifantu namacala emathafeni awomile kanye nogwadule futhi sidla ikakhulu izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Inyoka ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-1,9 futhi ukuphela kwezilwane zase-Australia ezaziwa ngaleso sikhathi ezishintsha umbala ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka.

Ubuhlungu benyoka enolaka banele ukubulala abantu abayi-100 noma amagundane angama-250,000 - lobu ubuthi obukhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinhlobo zomhlaba. Ngenhlanhla, le nyoka ayilona neze ulaka - amacala amaningi abhalwe phansi okuthi ukulunywa abangelwa ngabantu abanganaki.

INkosi uCobra

Isilinganiso sobude bomzimba salobu buhle singamamitha ayi-3-4, esikhulu kunazo zonke kulabo ababanjiwe safinyelela kumamitha angama-5.71. IKing cobra ihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-30, sonke lesi sikhathi isaqhubeka ukukhula. Ngenxa yokudla kwalenyoka, izilwane ezihuquzelayo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni nazo kufanele zikwesabe - ngoba idla ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka, hhayi ukudelela futhi zinobuthi, eziyibiza ngegama elithi Ophiophagus hannah.

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezihlukile eziqukethwe kulokhu okuhuqayo:

Kungalawula inani lobuthi ngesikhathi sokulunywa - ezimweni eziningi, umuntu uluma ngaphandle kobuthi (njengoba abanye ososayensi bekholelwa, akafuni ukusebenzisa ubuthi obuyigugu kumuntu ongeyona inyamazane).
Inyoka ingenza imisindo ngohlelo lwayo lokuphefumula. Ezirhubeni ezaziwayo kuze kube manje, yinkosi kuphela cobra nenyoka yamagundane yaseNdiya engenza lokhu.
Insikazi yenza isidleke samaqanda, esingazibekeli izinyoka zezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, futhi siyivikele kuyo yonke inkathi yokufakwa - cishe kwezinsuku eziyikhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-cobra iyakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokudla.
Ubuhlungu be-hamadriad bungabulala ngisho nendlovu uma iluma esiqwini noma emunweni (okuwukuphela kwezindawo ezisengozini yamazinyo enyoka).

Abaqokelwe isihloko

Kuyiqiniso, izinyoka ezinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni, izilinganiso eziphezulu ezihlanganiswa njalo ngabachwepheshe abahlukahlukene kanye nabadumile, azifakwanga kulolu hlu. Eqinisweni, ziningi eziyingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokhu okushiwo, ukulunywa kwe-rattlesnake, i-sand efa, inyoka efana nenyoka ebulalayo, i-Philippine cobra, ihlosi, inyoka emsundu yasempumalanga inobuthi kakhulu.

Lesi sakamuva sithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni zokuhlala futhi singaba nolaka olukhulu kakhulu - kunokuvela kaningi kokulunywa nokuhlukunyezwa yilesi silo esidabukisayo.

Izilinganiso

Imbaza eyaziwayo iyakwazi ukuluma ngezingubo nezicathulo, futhi yize “ngomusa” ibika ukuba khona kwayo ngokuqhekeka komsila, hhayi zonke “izisulu” zayo ezingasindiswa. Abamele lesi sigaba akuzona izinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, noma kunjalo, umhlangano nabo ungaphetha ngokufa - yize umuthi wokugoma ukhona, abantu abalunywe ukufa bafa ngamaphesenti ama-4.

Eqinisweni, ama-rattlesnakes agcwele izinyoka ezinobuthi, ezihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-224. Ubukhulu bawo buhlukahluka kakhulu.

I-rattlesnake ithanda ukudlula kubantu, ihlasela uma isengozini noma ingekho lapho ingagijima khona. Izingela ikakhulu ebusuku, yize ikwazi ukukhamba ibheke elangeni phakathi nosuku. Kobusika, lezi zinyoka zivame ukuhlangana, zifudumale zodwa futhi zizifihle ebholeni lenyoka elinje.

Sand efa

Le inyoka encane efinyelela ku-75 cm ubude, ihlala ikakhulu ogwadule lobumba, emanxiweni alahliwe, emabhasini, emifantwini yomfula. Idla kakhulu ngamagundane amancane, kanye nezinyoni, ubuhlalu namaxoxo, izibankwa, abantu abasha badla, ngaphezu kwalokho, is scorpion, scolopendra, amabhere amnyama.

Kuningi okushiwo ngama-sandy efile asevele aba yinsumansumane. Ngokwamahemuhemu, ukulunywa yilenyoka kungabulala inkampani yamasosha, kanti umuthi, yize usindisa ekufeni, awelaphisi ngokuphelele imiphumela yokulimala (umuntu angahlala ekhubazekile). Uma umhlali wase-Afrika efuna ukuqamba izinyoka eziyisikhombisa eziyingozi kakhulu ezweni lakhe, nakanjani u -fafa uzoba phakathi kwazo.

Empeleni, unyaka nonyaka e-Afrika, abantu abaningi babulawa ubuthi be-sand efa. Lokhu kufa kuyinto emnandi kakhulu - ubuthi bunciphisa inani le-fibrinogen esegazini, libangele ukopha - endaweni yokubuluma, kusuka kulwelwesi lwama-mucous lamehlo, ekhaleni nasemlonyeni.

Kepha ngokwayo, le nyoka ayihlaseli abantu - iningi lokufa kwenzeka ngenxa yobudedengu babantu. Akavamile ukungena ezindlini, futhi uxwayisa ngokuhlaselwa ngomsindo ophawulekayo owenzayo ngomsila wakhe.

Izigidi zabantu zesaba izinyoka, futhi akuyona into eyenzekile - lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo alukwazi nje ukulimaza, kodwa futhi lubulale. Izinhlobo eziningi zinobuthi, ezingalimaza umzimba womuntu. Kusho izinto ze-LD50 ezidala ukubulala umzuzwana ngamunye. Bangobani izinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni? Bahlala kuphi? Babukeka kanjani? Badlani?

Siphakamisa ukuthi ucubungule izirhubuluzi eziyingozi kakhulu, ezinikezwe umthamo obulalayo wento enobuthi (LD50).

Indawo yeshumi - uPhilippine Cobra

I-LD50 yalomuntu ngu-0,2 mg / kg. I-reptile inobuthi obunobuthi kakhulu kuyo yonke imindeni ye-cobra. Naphezu kokubukeka okuhle, ukubukeka okuhle, umthunzi omuhle wesikhumba sethusi, kungcono ukuyidlula futhi ungangeni emehlweni akhe. Ummeleli womndeni wakwa-Aspidov, ezivikela, ufihla amathe anoshevu futhi ukhafulela ngawo, okuyingozi kubantu, kungasaphathwa ukulunywa yinyoka. Uhlikihla ubuthi ebangeni elingamamitha amathathu, angangena emehlweni. Uma isemzimbeni womuntu, ibangela isiyezi nokuqaqamba ekhanda, ukuqaqeka okuqinile kwesifo sohudo, ubuhlungu besisu, ngemuva kwalokho kungathinta amasistimu wezinzwa nawenhliziyo uma usizo lodokotela lungafiki ngesikhathi.

Isidalwa esidliwayo sidla izilwane ezincane, kanye nezikhala. Izindawo ezihlala kuzo zingamahlathi, amathafa aphansi, amahlathi aminyene, izihlahla eziseduze nomfula, amadamu kanye namasimu. Amalungu amaningi alo mndeni ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo. IPhilippine Cobra iyabonakala ngisho nasezindaweni zokuhlala kwabantu, umhlaba wezolimo.

Abantu abadala bafika kumamitha ayi-1, ngaphansi kwezingu-1.5-2 m.

Indawo yesi-9 - iHarlequin coral asp

I-LD50 yalomuntu ngu-0.196 mg / kg. Abantu abahlala eNyakatho neMelika Ephakathi. Zingabonakala eMexico naseziMelika zaseKentucky naseIndiana. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zabantu abadala zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1-1,5.

Umbala walesi sithelo esidlekayo awunakudidaniswa nabanye abamele izinyoka - isikhumba sabo simbozwe izindandatho zombala omnyama, obomvu nokhanyayo.

Ekuzingeleni, abantu bayaphuma ebusuku. Babamba amagundane, izibankwa, izinyoni ezincane.

Kusuka kuSn Snake ukuthi amakhulu abantu afe minyaka yonke. Ngokuvamile, wesaba abantu, kepha uma ezizwa eyisongo, uzohlasela ngokushesha. Yi-5 mg kuphela yobuthi - futhi umuntu akakwazi ukumelana namandla. Ungamsiza ezimweni ezingavamile. Umuthi onobuthi ungena umbani ngokushesha. Kungakho emazweni ahlala kulo leli nyoka, labizwa ngokuthi "isilonda", "inyoka ebilayo."

Indawo yesi-5 - Inyoka Enkulu Yensimbi

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Tiger yakudala, lolu hlobo lwenyoka lune-LD50 ka-0.131 mg / kg, okwenza lube yingozi kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nommeli oshiwo ngenhla womndeni ofanayo.

Abantu abadala bafika kumitha eyi-1 ubude.Umbala wesikhumba onsundu omnyama, ushokoledi noma omnyama ngokuthinta komnqumo noma onsundu okhanyayo. Ama-Aspid ahlala engxenyeni eseningizimu nentshonalanga ne-Australia, eziqhingini eziseBasov Strait naseTasmania. Ngokuba ukuphila futhi zizalela, bakhetha sandy sezwe (izindunduma namabhishi), evele enamadwala ngaphandle kwezimila. Zidla ngamaxoxo, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izinhlanzi kanye. I-Cannibalism itholakala kulo mndeni.

Umuntu kufanele agweme ukuhlangabezana Black Tiger Snake, njengoba kuyingozi kakhulu. Esiwombeni sokuqala, wagibela isisulu sakhe wagwazwa ngocelemba. Esizeni sokulunywa, kuqubuka izinhlungu ezinzima, kuvutha, ngemuva kwalokho ubuthi buqale ukuthinta umzimba wonke, bubangele ukukhubazeka kwezinzwa, kulandelwa ukuboshwa okuphefumula nokufa. Kukhona alikaziwa ikhambi lobuthi bama - lakhiwa ngesisekelo inyoka Isihlungu, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukusiza umuntu kubhalwe njengoba kunjalo emaminithini ezizayo.

Indawo yesi-4 - iNingizimu China Multiband

I-LD50 yalokhu okuphangiwe ingama-0.108 mg / kg. Lokhu inyoka ingenye kwezinhlobo eziningi okunganakekile futhi enobuthi. Kubhekiselwa ezinhlanzini zomhlaba. Umndeni we-aspid ungatholakala emazweni ase-Asia: iTaiwan, iLaos, eningizimu yeChina, iThailand, inyakatho yeVietnam, neMyanmar. Ukuze ephilayo, ukhetha izindawo ezinamatshe nodaka sezintaba, antante 1,500 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle.

Umbala wenyoka umnyama ngemivimbo emincane. Ubude babantu abadala buyahlukahluka ukusuka kumamitha ayi-1 kuya kwayi-1.5, abesilisa bangafinyelela amamitha ayi-1,8.

Awezinyoka ayingozi, nolaka. Kakhulu bazingela ebusuku. Izidlakudla zidla izinyamazane ezincane, amagundane nezinyoni.

Ngokungafani ezinye izinyoka, bengasesabi wabantu, ngakho kungcono hhayi ukuba babahlangabeze. Lolu hlobo lwe-aspid lungasukela isisulu salo isikhathi eside, ngemuva kwalokho luhlasele laso. UKrayt unobuthi bezinzwa obulala emahoreni amabili kuphela.

Belcher Sea Snake

Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, uBelcher cishe unobuthi obuphindwe kayikhulu kunenye inyoka emhlabeni. Ukuze unikeze umbono wokuthi unobuthi kangakanani, ake sinikeze isibonelo: ithonsi elilodwa le-king cobra ubuthi lingabulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-150, kanti ama-milligram ambalwa wobuthi benyoka yenyoka kaBelcher angabulala abantu abangaphezu kwenkulungwane. Awu, lokho kubhekwa abanamahloni kakhulu futhi kuzodinga ukucunula eziningi ukumenza luma nawe.

Uthi bewazi? Iningi lezinyoka zasolwandle iBelcher azinangozi ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuma kwazo ukuzola nokuswela ubuthi.

Izilinganiso

Lapho abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi izinyoka ezinesihlungu, le uhlobo lwenyoka yaseMelika enesihlungu esibi efika engqondweni yakho pretty masinyane. Kutholakale kulo lonke elaseMelika, kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nantathu zama-rattlesnake e-Arizona, ukwedlula kunoma yisiphi esinye isimo. Baluhlobo lwenyoka. Igama livela umsindo, esemgwaqweni ekupheleni umsila futhi kudala umsindo ekhethekile.

EzaseMpumalanga - ezinobuthi kunawo wonke ama-rattlesnake. Ngenhlanhla, cishe ama-4% ukuluma okuholela ekufeni ngenxa yokwelashwa okusheshayo. Noma ubani ngaphandle kwakhe. Ubuthi bungadala ukulimala okungapheli kwezitho zomzimba futhi kuholele nasekulahlekelweni yilunga.

Uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwe-rattlesnake yi-empsted comb comb (Crotalus adamanteus) efinyelela kumamitha angama-2,4, inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-1,8 kuya kwayi-4,5 (amakhilogremu amane kuya kwayi-10).

7. Afrika Black Mamba

Imamba emnyama, eyabizwa ngokuthi "ukufa okumnyama" kanye "nentukuthelo yokuziphindiselela" ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, ingesinye sezinyoka ezinesihlungu esikhulu emhlabeni. Ubude bawo bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-4,5, kanti inani lobuthi inyoka eliyilimaza ngokuluma lingu-400 mg, ngethamo elibulalayo kubantu, li-15 mg kuphela.

Mamba lunamandla kakhulu futhi aphishekele inyamazane yayo, njengoba Uphinde abhekwe inyoka esheshayo kulelivekati. Ingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-20 km / h. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sobuthi ubuhlungu bendawo endaweni okulunywe kuyo, isisulu sihlangabezana nokuqubuza emlonyeni nasezandleni, emhubheni, emehlo kanye nokuphindwe kabili, ukudideka okukhulu, umkhuhlane, ukukhuphuka kwamabala amathe (kufaka ne-foam ephuma emlonyeni nasekhaleni) ne-ataxia enzima (ukungabikho ukulawula imisipha).

Ukusindisa isisulu ekulimeni kwe-mamba emnyama, kubalulekile ukwethula isimangalo ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlaselwa, uma kungenjalo amathuba emiphumela ephumelelayo awamkhulu. Ukufa ngokulunywa yilenyoka enobuthi kwenzeka emahoreni angama-2-3.

8. Eastern inyoka ensundu

Inyoka yase-Eastern brown ingenye yezinyoka ezinolaka kakhulu e-Australia. Ifinyelela kubude bamamitha ama-2 futhi ifune inzuzo ngesikhathi sasemini. Ekudleni lezi zilwane akuhlukile kunemifuziselo yako: onogwaja, ama-marsupial, amaxoxo kanye nezinyoni.

Izinyoka eziningi ezinsundu zihlala esifundazweni saseVictoria, lapho kubhalwe khona inani elikhulu kunazo zonke lezisulu ezivela ezilunweni zazo. Inyoka ensundu inyoka enonya kakhulu, esheshayo futhi enamandla, ngakho-ke lapho uhlangana nayo, kungcono ukuzama ukuyizungeza ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa abantu uchwepheshe international Steve Irwin, le nyoka unesibopho abantu abaningi abantu e-Australia, endle. Inyoka ensundu inobuthi obanele ukubulala abantu abangama-200, kanti ubuthi balesi sidalwa esibuthakathaka buthathwa njengelesibili emhlabeni maqondana nobuthi.

10. IPhilippine cobra

Izimfezi ngokwabo bayizidalwa enobuthi kakhulu, kodwa cobra Philippine has umehluko ekhethekile. Hhayi nje ukuthi ubuthi bayo bubhekwa njengobunamandla emhlabeni, kepha futhi nalenyoka iyakwazi ukudubula ubuthi bayo emehlweni okoniwa ibanga elingaba ngamamitha amathathu!

I-toxin ithinta imisebenzi yokuphefumula neyenhliziyo yomuntu ohlukunyeziwe futhi ekugcineni iholele ekufeni ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokuphefumula. A cobra akuyona zihlaselwa umuntu uma akukho usongo ngqo impilo yakhe noma ukuphepha nenzalo yakhe.

IPhilippine cobras kuyaqabukela ikhula ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1, ama-specimens eyodwa kuphela afinyelela kubude obu-1, amamitha ama-5, ahlala ikakhulukazi eziqhingini zeziqhingi zasePhilippine: iMindoro, iMasbate neLuzon.

I-tra kraight inyoka enobuthi kakhulu evela emndenini weqembu eselivele lihlukanisiwe, elinomdlandla. Ngo abantu ubizwa ngokuthi krait iribhoni, a krait ophuzi, a imvume kanye kokliya-krait.

Inyoka yasolwandle engu-Hook-nosed ye-anhydrin

Enye yezinyoka ezinobuthi kunazo zonke ezihlala emanzini, i-empydrin, ingatholakala eduze neMadagascar, iSeychelles, kanye nolwandle lwase-Arabia, ogwini lwaseNdiya. Lingumsekeli umbhukudi kakhulu, ihamba kakhulu okusheshayo, diving kumuntu ukujula eside, futhi angeke ebusweni amahora amahlanu.

Lapho umuntu ebona, i -rodydrin imvamisa iphumela emanzini bese iqala ukucasha. Isihlungu saso sinamandla amahlandla ayisishiyagalombili kuneso se-cobra, kepha asibekeki phezulu ngokulinganisa, ngoba lesi sidalwa asilona ulaka ngokuphelele, okuphambene nalokho, inyoka ebunjiwe ngokwayo ihlushwa ulaka lwabadobi abapheka inyama yabo kule nyama yenyoka.

Top 10 izinyoka eziningi eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni

Inyoka kaBelcher inyoka enobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Inyoka yathola igama layo ibonga umcwaningi u-Edward Belcher, obizwa futhi ngokuthi inyoka yolwandle enemichilo. Inyoka akuvamile eyohlasela umuntu, ukuze avuse ke ukuluma, udinga ukuzama kanzima kakhulu, ngakho amacala kokulunywa ngumuntu Belcher ulwandle inyoka ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Ungahlangana naye emanzini aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseNyakatho Australia.

Isikhathi esiningi, amatilosi abamba izinyoka ngamanetha kanye nezinhlanzi aba yizisulu zokulunywa. Nokho, kuyaziwa ukuthi engxenyeni yesine amatilosi yenhlwathi wafa, njengoba inyoka akuvamile sifaka ngokuphelele ubuthi bayo. I-milligram eyodwa yobuthi benyoka kaBelcher ingabulala abantu abayi-1 000 - lobu ubuthi benyoka obunobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

I-Inip Taipan noma inyoka enolaka manje ibekwa endaweni yesibili ohlwini lwethu lwezinyoka ezinobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Taipan uhlala e-Australia futhi zihlukaniswa ikhono layo ukuze ushintsho umbala kuye isikhathi sonyaka. Kungaba nzima ukwenza inyoka, ngoba ikhetha ukuhlukana kwenhlabathi kanye nemifantu.

ITaipan inyoka enobuthi kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Umkhawulo eqoshiwe isivuno ubuthi kuyinto angu 110, okuyinto kwanele ukubulala abantu 100 noma, isibonelo, 250,000 amagundane. Le inyoka inobuthi obuphindwe izikhathi ezingamashumi ayisihlanu kune-cobra. Ngenhlanhla, i-inip Taipan ayinayo intukuthelo enkulu, futhi ingaqabukela kakhulu. Ayemaningi kungekho eqoshiwe ababulawa ngemva kokulunywa Taipan, nakuba kungaba ukubulala umuntu omdala ngemizuzu engu-45.

Endaweni yesithathu inyoka ensundu yasempumalanga ehlala e-Australia, Indonesia naseNew Guinea. Ubuhlungu balenyoka bungadala ukopha, ukukhubazeka kwemisipha, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Kukhona amacala lapho umuntu ufe ujuqu ngemva kokulunywa inyoka.

Ngeshwa, inyoka ensundu yasempumalanga ithanda ukuhlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala, ngakho-ke ukulunywa amacala kuvamile. Inyoka ihamba ngokushesha futhi ingaba nolaka: ukuxosha inyamazane yayo futhi ihlasele kaninginingi. Ubuthi iqukethe neurotoxins negazi coagulants. Inyoka ensundu yasempumalanga ingena ekunyakazeni, ngakho-ke, lapho uhlangana nayo, kufanele uhlale uzolile futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, ungahambi.

IMalay Blue Kraith ngokuqinisekile ikufanele ukukalwa kwethu. Cishe ihlala ensimini ka-mpumalanga Asia nase-Indonesia. Umbala wenyoka ufana ne-zebra noma intonga yamaphoyisa omgwaqo - isizinda esimnyama esinemivimbo emhlophe ekhanyayo. Ngaphezu kwesigamu ukulunywa kite okwesibhakabhaka kubulawe, yize bekukhona lesi sidakamizwa. Krayt fanele izilwane eziphila ebusuku, ngakho-ke kuba asebenzayo ngokunembile ebusuku.

Ubuhlungu beMalay krayt eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yi-neurotoxin, enamandla izikhathi ezingama-16 kuneye-cobra. Uma ingena emzimbeni womuntu, ibangela ukweqiwa kanye nokukhubazeka, okuholela ekufeni. Ngaphambi kokuthola ikhambi, ukufa kusuka ukulunywa engu-85%, nokho, ikhubalo akuqinisekisi sokusinda. Ukufa kuvame ukwenzeka amahora angama-6 kuya kwengama-12 ngemuva kokulimala kraft.

Imamba emnyama eyingozi kunazo zonke ihlala ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwekazi lase-Afrika. Njengoba wazi, inyoka lunamandla kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile nokujikijela salo olunembile kakhulu. Inyoka emnyama inyoka yomhlaba eshesha kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ikwazi ukushesha ifike kumakhilomitha angama-20 ngehora. Le nyoka eyethusayo iyakwazi ukuluma izikhathi eziyi-12 zilandelana.

Venom kuyinto neurotoxin okusheshayo-esebenza. Ngomjovo owodwa, inyoka iphonsa isilinganiso samamitha ayi-100-120 ubuthi. Uma ubuthi bufika emthanjeni, khona-ke ama-milligram angama-0,25 ubuthi ngekhilogremu eyodwa yanele ukubulala umuntu. Izimpawu zokuqala of bite: ubuhlungu bite, ukushoshozela emlonyeni, izingalo nemilenze, umbono double, ukudideka okukhulu, imfiva, amathe ngokweqile, ataxia (Ukuntuleka kwemisipha). Uma isisulu singatholi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa ngokushesha, izimpawu zisheshe zibuyele ebuhlungwini besisu, isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza, nokukhubazeka komzimba. Ekugcineni, ukuboshwa komoya wokuphefumula, ukukhohlisa nokufa. Kuye uhlobo bite, abantu bayafa ku isikhawu kusuka imizuzu engu-15 kuya ku-3 amahora. Ngaphandle komuthi, izinga lokufa liyi-100% - lesi yisilinganiso esiphezulu sabantu abafayo kuzo zonke izinyoka ezinobuthi.

Inyoka yenyoka ihlala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Australia. Utsandza yakhe ngokuthula ngokwanele - kokuhlasela inyoka kuphela uma ayethatha kuyaphazamiseka, kodwa uma kuba khona okuhlaselayo yena lidabula ukunemba abunaphutha.

Ubuhlungu bezinyoka yi-neurotoxin enamandla ebangela ukopha ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ukukhubazeka kwemisipha. Imvamisa, ukufa kwesisulu kwenzeka ngqo ngenxa yokopha kakhulu. Ngaphambi ukudalwa ikhambi, ukufa kusuka Ukulunywa inyoka tiger kwaba 60-70%. Ukufa okulimayo kungenzeka ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, kepha kuvame ukwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-6 kuye kwangama-24.

IPhilippine cobra, njengoba igama lisho, ihlala eziqhingini zasePhilippine, ikakhulukazi emasimini nasehlathini. Lena inyoka elincane elinsundu, ubude ongafinyelela 1 imitha.

IPhilippine cobra iyona enobuthi kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-cobras. Ihluka ngokuthi iyakwazi ukuphonsa ubuthi bufike kude kumamitha ayi-3. Ubuthi - a neurotoxin ukuthi kuholela kahle imisebenzi zenhliziyo zokuphefumula. Ukufa komuntu kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 ukuluma. Izimpawu zobuthi zihlanganisa ikhanda, isicanucanu, ukugabha, Ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo, isiyezi, kanye nokugunda.

Abafundi bethu abaningi usuzwile mayelana enesihlungu. Le nyoka itholakala yonke indawo ezweni lonke. Ithanda izindawo ezinomswakama, imiphetho yamahlathi, imigwaqo, imifudlana, amachibi, kuphakama ezintabeni. Isikhathi esiningi kuholela indlela yokuphila ebusuku, amaningi asebenzayo ngemuva kwezimvula. Inyoka inyoka eshesha kakhulu.

Izimpawu zokuqala zobuthi ezinobuthi yibuthi be-viper zingubuhlungu endaweni yokulimala nokuvuvukala kwengxenye ethintekile. Izimpawu ezifana ukopha (ikakhulukazi kusukela izinsini), ukwehla komfutho wegazi ukwehla kwenhliziyo kungase futhi kumelwe kugujwe. Imvamisa kuba khona i-necrosis engeyinhle yendawo ethintekile, engxenyeni yesithathu yezimo kuba nokuhlanza nokudumba kobuso. Uma kungabikho i-antidote ebangeni kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-14, ukufa kwenzeka ngenxa yobuthi begazi, ukuphefumula noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Lenyoka-like ebulalayo inyoka izimpilo ikakhulu e New Guinea nase-Australia, amatshe zikhetha futhi ezindaweni ezomile. Inyoka, ngokubukeka nasezintweni zokuziphatha, ifana kakhulu nenyoka, yingakho igama layo. Inyoka ebulalayo ingalala ngaphandle kokunyakaza izinsuku eziningana, ilinde inyamazane yayo. It udla namagundane, izinyoni ezincane, futhi siyakwazi ukuhlasela ezinye izinyoka. Ikhanda lenyoka inesimo sikanoxantathu onentambo ebukhali yokuqaqamba, umzimba wayo mfushane futhi awugqinsi.

Ngesinye isikhathi, inyoka ebulalayo efana ne-adder, njengomthetho, ilimaza ama-milligram angama-40-100 we-neurotoxic ubuthi. Ukulunywa kungelashwa kukhona phakathi eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ingozi enkulu empilweni yenzeka ngemuva kwamahora angama-24-48 ngemuva kokulunywa, ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yokuhamba kancane kwezimpawu, i-antidote isebenza impela.

Endaweni yokugcina yesilinganiso sethu izinyoka eziningi ezinobuthi emhlabeni ama-rattlesnake, okulula ukubona ukuthi abonga amagundane akhethekile noma izilobo zomsila emsileni wazo. I-rattlesnake inobuthi obuningi futhi akukho zembatho noma izicathulo ezisindayo kokuluma kwayo. Inyoka uhlala ikakhulukazi eNyakatho Melika, uncamela elomile elamadwala, Burrows namagundane nezinyoni. Ngokwemvelo, inyoka iyavilapha, noma ikwazi ukukhamba ngokushesha. Ubika ngaye uqobo ngesimilo sesimilo esidalwe ngumbethe.

rattlesnakes Young anobuthi kakhulu ngenxa abasakwazi ukulawula inani ushevu kwethulwa. Ubuhlungu be-Rattlesnake buyindida enamandla futhi bubangela ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhubazeka, ukopha kakhulu. Ukulunywa yinyoka kuhlale kuyingozi futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelashwa. Nokho, alikaziwa ikhambi lobuthi bama ukubonisana kahle naye kuphumelela kakhulu futhi kunciphisa ukushona kwabantwana by 4%.

Ngezansi kwendatshana - TOP-10: izinyoka ezinobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

I-Tiger python. I-Python molurus

Inyoka enkulu, kodwa okungezona ezinobuthi ethandwa kakhulu phakathi eyisithunjwa ekuthunjweni abathanda. Ama-zoo amaningi emhlabeni angaqhosha ngokuthi lezi ziqhwaga zezilwane zasendle zigcinwa ezindaweni zazo zokugcina.

Ama-Pythons anzima ukukujwayela ekudleni okusha, kepha azalwe kahle futhi aphile ekudingisweni aze afike eminyakeni engama-25.

Kodwa endle, le nyoka ezolile kungaba ukuhlasela umuntu. Ingulube yenyathi ibulala inyamazane yayo ngokuhlehla ngomzimba wayo omkhulu.

Mulga. Pseudechis Australis

Ukuhambisa kuze kufinyelele ku-150 mg wobuthi ngesikhathi ukuluma, i-mulga ibeka usongo lwangempela empilweni yabantu nasekuphileni.

Inkosi ensundu, njengoba le reptile ibizwa nangokuthi, ihlala kuzo zonke izindawo zemvelo zase-Australia. Okuwukuphela kwendawo lapho ungakwazi angahlangabezani inyoka iyona imvula.

Ngemikhuba yayo, i-mulga ifana ne-cobra, yandisa imisipha yentamo lapho ijabule. Kodwa ngokungafani ne-cobra, i-hood yakhe emangalisayo ayivuleki.

Uma ufuna ukubheka uhlu lwazo zonke izinto kakhulu, thebiggest has isihloko esifana nalesi!

Krayt. I-Bungarus expressionus

Phakathi izinyoka eziningi eziyingozi, thina eceleni ukuhlukanisa Kraut. Snake Isihlungu ngokushesha kuthinta ubuchopho isisulu, okuholela osheshayo ukufa.

Ubuthi buqukethe izinto ezidlula phakathi kwesithikamezo phakathi kohlelo lokujikeleza kwengqondo nengqondo, ngakho-ke ukufa kwenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokukhubazeka.

Ifomu kakhulu ovamile uwukuthi pamas noma tape krait, ogama bite kuyinto anobuthi ukuze ngisho kufa cobra.

Cobra Indian. Naja naja

Ngemva lunywa cobra, ukukhulula ushevu Neurotoxic emzimbeni, ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, ukukhubazeka okuphelele kwenzeka, okuyinto eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

It is zihlukaniswa imikhuba nokuthula, futhi ngenkathi akazihluphi wakhe ukuba uthando ukuxoxa umzimba lakhe elangeni. Lapho kuvela abantu, ukhetha ukujaha ngokushesha. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izibalo zibonisa ukuthi izinkulungwane zabantu bayafa unyaka ngamunye bebulawa ukulunywa cobra Indian.

Kodwa izidingo umuntu ukukhumbula ukuthi omunye izinyoka eziningi eziyingozi ungalokothi ukuhlasela lokuqala, futhi Ukulunywa kuphela izikhathi nokuqaphela ingozi yabo ukuze bazivikele.

Aspid. Micrurus

Aspid has a uhlamvu nolaka futhi babeyizidlamlilo, emva bite a kufa umuntu emva kwemizuzu 7.

Inyoka ihlasela wonke umuntu ohlangana naye endleleni yayo. Ososayensi baye kudala bezazisa isihlungu, kodwa, njengoba sibonile, kumele iqondiswa kungakapheli imizuzu 7 ngemva lunywa silwane nongenanembeza.

Lapho behlangana nomuntu ASP, zama hhayi ukwenza ukunyakaza kungazelelwe, futhi uma kungenzeka ngokushesha ukubaleka.

Green mamba. Dendroaspis angusticeps

Owakhileyo South Africa has a ubuthi oqinile ezinobuthi, futhi ngemva kokungenisa, ke izenzo kweso.

Ekhuluma nge-mamba, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi inyoka, yize ikhona ingozi, yinhle kakhulu. A zibe maholoholo umzimba shimmers elangeni nge umbala oluhlaza-Emerald ne anemibala bluish elikhanyayo aphuzi.

Ngokuvamile izikhumba silwane emagatsheni, lapho kunzima isaziso ngenxa umbala walo, futhi ukusuka lapho uhlasela isisulu salo. Lapho kungenzeka ukubheka isilwane esiyingozi emagatsheni aluhlaza, kungcono ukusidlula.

Black Mamba. Dendroaspis polylepis

Ubuhle obuhlaza buphinde bube ne-congener enobuthi, ebizwa ngokuthi i-mamba yombala omnyama.

A owakhileyo ezinesihlungu kwamahlathi ukukhanya shrouds ye-Afrika, eluma umuntu kuphela okwamanje ingozi ngesikhathi ukuzivikela. Ngakho uma nje luphele singazange ngokuthinta isilwane, ungagwema nemiphumela ebuhlungu.

Ubuthi buthinta izicubu, kubangele ukuboshwa kokuphefumula bese umuntu efa.

A enesihlungu ezinomsindo. Bitis arietans

Inyoka enomsindo ilingana nobude bayo obufushane ngomzimba omkhulu. Okwamanje ingozi, yena siyakhukhumala futhi kwenza elikhulu encimfelwayo imisindo.

Inyoka kancane ekuphileni kwansuku zonke idume ukuhlasela kwalo esheshayo, ibutho igalelo bangambulala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ubuthi. Ubuthi uqobo buholela ku-necrosis yezicubu kanye nokopha kwangaphakathi.

Ngaphandle ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa ngempumelelo, umuntu efa. Kodwa ukwethulwa kuyindlela yokuvimbela akuqinisekisi ikhambi eliphelele. Ngemuva kokulunywa, kuqalwa i-gangrene, okuholela ekunqunyweni kwezingalo.

Python Reticulated. Malayopython reticulatus

Lesi sakhamuzi esingewona onobuthi sezindawo ezivulekile zase-Eshiya saqanjwa ngegama lephethini eyinkimbinkimbi yasekuqaleni komzimba wayo omkhulu.

Yakhetha tropical amahlathi, nasemahlathini bese entabeni emithambekeni njengoba olwenzeka endaweni yakhe.

python Reticulated libhekene ngokuziphatha okunonya futhi kungaba yingozi kubantu. Kuba khona njalo lapho umhlangano nenyoka ubulala.

Gyurza. Vipera lebetina

Uhlobo lwenyoka olujwayelekile nolubulalayo. Ngemva kokulunywa nge gyurza, igazi uqala clot kweso. Esimweni esinjalo, umuntu efa kusukela nokopha amaningi.

UGyurza uyisilwane esihamba kancane, uncamela ukuchitha iningi lempilo yakhe eselangeni. Ngaphandle kokuchitha amandla nge beshushiswa, elinda inyoka isikhathi eside inyamazane yayo, ngokuba uhlobo ababeqamekele kuyo.

Lapho ehlasela, ikhwelo menacingly futhi lunge ngase isisulu.

Anaconda. Eunectes murinus

Akulona inyoka olulodwa emhlabeni njengoba zinganekwane eziningi njengenhlangano Anaconda mayelana owakhileyo imifula amadamu esifundeni sase-Amazon.

Esifundeni esisogwini, ama-anacondas alinda inyamazane, kunolwazi ngokudla uhlobo lwawo.

Umlando uye waloba nezigameko eziningi sokuhlaselwa inyoka abantu. Hunting ezifuywayo eduze zokuhlala, ngokuvamile abantu uhamba wedwa baba izisulu enezinhlwathi.

Ubukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele bezinganekwane nezinganekwane ezimbi zokuhlaselwa komuntu kusebenze njengomcimbi wokuqanjwa kwamafilimu amaningi lapho inyoka ebulalayo isebenza njengomlingiswa oyinhloko.

Russell Viper. Daboia russelii

Ngokusekelwe kwizibalo zokufa, inyoka kaRussell inyoka eyingozi kunazo zonke. ENdiya wedwa, abangafika kwabangu-ayizinkulungwane 25 bayafa unyaka ngamunye bebulawa ubuthi bayo.

Isihlungu enesihlungu kuyinto hemotoxic abese ebhubhisa izicubu emzimbeni, ibangela ukufa eside futhi kabuhlungu.

Kepha okubulalayo ebantwini yindawo yokuhlala, ubuntu kanye nemikhuba yenyoka. Hunting sidla amagundane amancane, lihlaba yokuhlala womuntu futhi akesabi khona indoda.

Lapho ehlasela, ke folds zibe ama-okwenyanga ibhola futhi yenza nokujikijela umbani. Amandla emisipha yanele ukusuka ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba futhi ulume ezingxenyeni ezingavikelekile zomzimba. Thebiggest okweluleka ukuba siqaphe kwendawo le enesihlungu.

Isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, hhayi kuphela izinyoka ezinesihlungu baphathe usengozini ofayo ukuba abantu, kodwa futhi abameleli bomkhaya pseudopod, nenhlwatsi futhi boas. Phakathi kokuyingozi kakhulu - sikhipha u-Anaconda, phakathi kobuthi - inyoka kaRussell.

Nenhlwatsi futhi boas, ukuba imisipha enamandla izinyoka enamandla kakhulu. Kodwa abaningi ozala boas labo abazokwazi ukuklinywa umuntu, kodwa azikwazi ukugwinya, ngakho abazingela umuntu ulahlekelwa okusho izinyoka kwalesi silwane.

Sengiphetha, siphawula ukuthi izinyoka ezinobuthi kunazo zonke yiqembu eliyingozi kakhulu lezidlekezane ezihlala emhlabeni wethu .. Siyabonga ukunaka kwakho.

Oluhlaza krait (Bungarus candidus) noma Malay krait kungokwalabo umndeni aspid, umyalelo squamous.

Ukubhebhetheka blue kraight.

I-krait eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ifinyelela iningi laseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, itholakala eningizimu ye-Indochina, isakazeka eThailand, Java, Sumatra naseningizimu yeBali. Lolu hlobo elikhona ezindaweni ezimaphakathi Vietnam, izimpilo e-Indonesia. Distribution eMyanmar nakwamanye Singapore is hhayi ukuqinisekisile, kodwa cishe a kraite blue liyatholakala khona. Lolu hlobo lutholakale eshalofini lesiqhingi sasePulau Langkawi, eCambodia, eLaos, eMalaysia.

Izimpawu kwangaphandle kraight okwesibhakabhaka.

I krayt blue akuyona ukuthi enkulu inyoka kuqhathaniswa ophuzi kanye black iribhoni kraits. Lolu hlobo lunobude bomzimba obudlula i-108 cm; umuntu ngamunye uza ubude obungama-160 cm. Umbala wangemuva ku-kraite eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onsundu omnyama, omnyama noma onsundu. ukudlula 27-34 izindandatho ngomzimba futhi umsila, okuyinto ayisesemikhulu ngase ngiqoqa ezinhlangothini. Amasongo kuqala umbala cishe uhlangane nombala omnyama ikhanda. Imivimbo emnyama ihlukaniswa izikhala ezibanzi, eziphuzi, ezimhlophe, ezinqamula amasongo amnyama. Sesisu nombala omhlophe. I krait blue ubizwa nangokuthi omnyama nomhlophe banded inyoka. Umzimba kaKraut awunawo umgogodla ophakeme

Smooth izikali amaphiko asezindaweni imigqa 15 kanye nomgogodla, isibalo ventrals kuyinto 195-237, plate anal lonke futhi yedwa, subcaudals 37-56. Adult kraits blue zihlukaniswa kalula kusuka ezinye izinyoka omnyama nomhlophe Umncele, futhi kraits abasha zinhlobo ezahlukene kunzima ukunquma.

Indawo yokuhlala okwesibhakabhaka kraite.

Blue Kraite uhlala ikakhulu emahlathini plain no entabeni, abantu abathile bebizwa atholakala ezindaweni inamagquma kusuka ngamamitha 250 kuya ku-300 ukuphakama. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile kunqoba 1200 amamitha. IBlue Kraite ithanda ukuhlala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, itholakala ngasogwini lwamachibi nasemifudwini, futhi ivame ukutholakala emasimini erayisi, emasimini, nasemadamu aseduze nokuvimba umchachazo wamanje. I krait blue ithumba imbobo rat futhi omisa endaweni yokukhosela ke, waphoqa namagundane ukushiya isidleke sazo.

Izici of ukuziphatha blue krait.

Ama-kraits aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka asebenza kakhulu ebusuku, awazithandi izindawo ezikhanyisiwe futhi, edonswa ekukhanyeni, amboza amakhanda awo ngomsila wawo. Ngokuvamile, basuke waphawula phakathi 9 futhi 11 ntambama futhi ngokuvamile ungalwi kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.

Abanaso ukuhlasela sokuqala futhi unganawo ukuluma ngaphandle bephambana ukuhlasela le kraits. Kunoma yimuphi umzamo wokubamba, ama-kraite aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka azama ukuluma, kepha awakwenzi kaningi.

Ebusuku, lezi zinyoka ukuluma ngempela kalula, njengoba kufakazelwa Ukulunywa eminingi ukuthi abantu ukulala ebusuku esitezi wathola. Catching krajts blue for fun kuyinto umsebenzi kunalokho eyinqaba, kodwa professional inyoka Bangababambi emhlabeni ukwenza lokhu njalo. Ubuthi bukaPorat bunobuthi kangangokuba akufanele uthathe izingozi ukuthola umbono wokuzingela inyoka exotic.

Blue Kraight kuyinto inyoka enesihlungu.

kraits Blue ukukhiqiza into enobuthi kakhulu ukuthi amaphuzu 50 namandla kunomFilisti cobra Isihlungu. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukulunywa yinyoka kubulawa ebusuku, lapho umuntu engena inyoka ngokungazi, noma lapho abantu behlasela. ushevu Enough at lokuhlushwa 0.1 mg ngayinye amakhilogramu ngoba ukuqala ukufa in amagundane, njengoba izifundo laboratory baye babonisa.

Isihlungu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kraight kuyinto Neurotoxic futhi paralyzes isimiso sezinzwa somzimba womuntu. Umphumela obulalayo uvela kuma-50% alabo abalamayo, imvamisa emahoreni ayi-12-24 ngemuva kokuba ubuthi bungene egazini.

Ngemaminithi ekucala amathathu ngemva kokulunywa, ubuhlungu kancane esiyitholayo nokuvuvukala kwenzeka endaweni ye lesion, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuthakathaka kuvela, myalgia eba. ukuhluleka zokuphefumula kwenzeka, ezidinga ukupholisa mechanical, 8 amahora emva bite. Izimpawu ziya ziba zimbi futhi zihlala cishe amahora angama-96. The main kwaba nemiphumela emibi yokuthola ubuthi emzimbeni kukhona ukuklinya ngenxa ukukhubazeka imisipha nezinzwa, okuyinto ukunciphisa diaphragm noma senhliziyo esilimele. Bese kufika ikhoma nokufa amangqamuzana obuchopho. Ezimweni ezingama-50%, ubuthi be-krait obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bubangela ukufa ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa i-antitoxin. Ayikho ethize yokuvimbela isenzo blue krax ushevu lakhiwe. Ukwelashwa siqukethe asekelayo okumelwe uphefumule futhi ukhulume ekuvimbeleni ukukhumuzeka nenshisekelo pneumonitis. Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, odokotela baphatha i-antitoxin kumuntu othintwe ubuthi, obusetshenziselwa ukuluma inyoka yenyathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, alulame ngokugcwele kwenzeka.

Isimo sokulondolozwa blue Krai.

IBlue Kraight ihlukaniswe njengezinhlobo “ezikhathazayo” ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa okubanzi. Lolu hlobo inyoka uyinto ukuhweba, izinyoka zidayiswa ukuba yikudla, Imithi yenziwa izitho zabo imithi yendabuko. Ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene senhlobo ukusatshalaliswa, ngaleyo ndlela avalele ka kraits blue kuthinta labantu. Kukhona umthetho kahulumeni wokuhweba ngalolu hlobo lwenyoka eVietnam. Ngaphezu kwalokho catch angase abe nemiphumela kakhulu emibi zilwane, njengoba kungekho ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa ngokuphathelene nakho Amathrendi yezibalo. Lolu hlobo ebusuku futhi ube nemfihlo lengatfolakali, futhi nakuba izinyoka ngokujwayelekile ibambeke izingxenye uhla yayo, ikakhulukazi e-Vietnam, akukho idatha sendlela le nqubo kuthinta isimo sabantu. Ngenxa yokuvela okungatheni emvelweni, i-kraite eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iboniswa kwiBhuku elibomvu laseVietnam. Lolu hlobo inyoka sithengiswa ukuthola okubizwa ngokuthi "inyoka iwayini" esetshenziselwa ukwenza umuthi.

Lokhu imithi ikakhulukazi kabanzi zisetshenziselwe imithi yokwelapha Indochina.

EVietnam, i-krayt eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ivikelwe ngumthetho ukunciphisa ukuqothulwa kwezinyoka endle. abantu abaningi baboshwa inyoka isikhumba nokwenza izinto eziyizikhumbuzo, njengoba kunjalo nezinye izinhlobo kraits. Izinga ukuthunjwa kraits blue kwamanye amazwe kudinga ukucwaninga kanzulu. Lolu hlobo luvikelwe ngumthetho eVietnam kusukela ngonyaka we-2006, kepha umthetho ulawula imikhawulo kuphela, kepha kepha wenqabeli, ukuhweba kulolu hlobo lwenyoka. nezifundo ezidingekayo ukuhlonza sezingeni umthelela izinsongo abasafufusa blue krate labantu. Mhlawumbe bangamangala ninga- lonke uhla ukusatshalaliswa zinhlobo, kodwa manifest kuphela ngokwabo ezingeni lendawo, isibonelo, eVietnam. Kepha uma ukuthengiselana kwenzeka yonke indawo, isimo sezinhlobo akunakwenzeka ukuthi sizinzile.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka .

I kraight tape kuyinto inyoka enesihlungu kakhulu umndeni ehlukile kakade, esikwatini squamous. Ngo abantu ubizwa ngokuthi krait iribhoni, a krait ophuzi, a imvume kanye kokliya-krait.

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