Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bathanda i-croaker ngenani elincane lamathambo, ama-gourmet ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, abantu abagulayo bezokwelapha. Ngayinye ithola kule nhlanzi uhlangothi lwayo olukhangayo, olonyusa inani le-slab ekudleni komuntu.
Umlando Womkhiqizo kanye neJografi
I-croaker ihlala olwandle i-Atlantic ne-Indian Ocean, amanzi asePheresiya kanye nezingxenye ze-Gulf of Mexico, eCaribbean, Black, Yellow, Red, Mediterranean nase Azov Seas. Abekho abamele izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo oLwandlekazi iPacific, Melanesia, Polynesia nase-Atlantic. Inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi zitholakala eduze kwemilambo yemifula emikhulu, njenge-Orinoco, i-Amazon, iMississippi, iParana, i-Indus, iCongo, iGanges.
Umlando wokubonakala kwama-goodies ekuphekeni awaziwa, kepha-ke, kuyacaca ukuthi namuhla le nhlanzi iyinto ebalulekile yezentengiso enezimpawu ezibalulekile zokudla. Amanye ama-gourati abheka i-croaker njengethambo. Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo eziphakeme zokudla, i-silver croaker ibaluleke kakhulu kwezentengiso. Imayini eLwandlekazi i-Indian, ngasogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika, i-Australia, i-Abkhazia, i-Ukraine, iRussia, ePhilippine Islands, oLwandle Olumnyama. Abanye abamele umndeni we-croaker ababalulekile, kepha, futhi bayizinto zokudoba.
Ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani labantu, amapulazi azalanisa le nhlanzi ezimweni zokufakelwa. Ikhule ngemodi yekheji ezitolo ezivalekile ngamanzi amasha noma kasawoti. Ubuchwepheshe kubhekwa njengento ebiza kakhulu. Umholi emkhakheni wokuzalela amakheji ngu-Israyeli. Izwe likhula ngezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezibomvu nezinesiliva emapulazini asedolobheni lase-Atlite. Ukuze kwenziwe kabusha i-croaker, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezingama-5-6.
Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, iChina ithathe indawo evelele phakathi kwabakhiqizi bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-gibbionts. Ezindaweni ezihlangene zamapulazi we-Celestial fish assortment, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-croaker. Amapulazi amakhulu anamakheji kanye nama-corrals atholakala ezifundazweni zaseZhejian, Fujian, Hainan. Imiphumela emihle yezinhlanzi ezikhulayo izuze abakhiqizi abavela eBrazil, eMexico, e-Australia. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sabavunisi abaziwayo baseRussia, akukho lutho abangaziqhayisa ngalo. Kuleli lizwe, kukholelwa ukuthi ukutshala ama-slabs akusizi ngalutho, ngoba izindleko zenhlanzi ngeke zibe ngaphansi kwama- $ 10 lapho kuphuma, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi uthole umthengi wazo.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
I-croaker ilunga lomndeni we-croaker. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 kanye nohlobo lwenhlanzi ezingama-56, ezintathu kuzo zingamanzi ahlanzekile, kanti izinhlobo ezimbili zohlobo oluthile zihlala ezindaweni ezinosawoti. Abantu babiza i-croaker ngenxa yemisindo eyisidina, eyenziwe ngabantu lapho bethola izicubu zomzimba ezinamathele ku-bubble yomoya futhi basebenze njengegumbi eliguqulayo. Emakethe yase-Asia, yaziwa ngokuthi yi-croaker, eMelika njenge-corvina (Spanish okushiwo igama elithi humps) Igama lezinhlanzi langempela lalingenxa yomhlane ogobile kakhulu.
I-croaker emnyama nelula, etholakala oLwandle i-Azov kanye nolwandle Olumnyama, ivame ukubanjwa emashalofini asekhaya. Izakhamizi zaseMpumalanga zitholakala kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinhlanzana ezincane zephuzi. Kuyatholakala olwandle lwaseNingizimu China. Esifundeni saseNdiya, ukudoba okuthengiswayo kwenzelwa izinhlanzi ezibomvu. Ukhozi olushelelayo luhlala ogwini lwaseSpain, iMorocco nolwasePortugal. Izinhlobo ezimthende noma ezimpunga zitholakala endaweni yasogwini yase-US. Isikebhe esiyisiliva simbiwa esiqhingini sasePhilippine, e-Afrika, eRussia, e-Australia.
Inhlanzi iza emashalofini kaningi nge-g / g-iqhwa eqandisiwe noma ngekhanda layo isidumbu sonke. Kungaba ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nosayizi. Ubungako bomuntu ngamunye buxhomeke endaweni yokuhlala, izinhlobo nezinhlobo zokudla okuhlatshwayo. Isibonelo, umsizi omncane ophuzi ophila oLwandle oluLwandle unobude obungamasentimitha angama-35 nobunzima obungu-1 kg, inhlanzi ebomvu evela olwandle i-Indian Ocean noma iSouth China Sea ikhula ibe ngu-90 cm futhi inesisindo esingu-6,7 kg. Umkhiqizo oyingqayizivele futhi obalulekile emakethe yinyama yesiliva ye-croaker. Inokunambitheka okuphezulu nezimpawu zokudla okunempilo, ikhula ubude kusuka ku-40 cm kuya ku-2 m, futhi izuza isisindo esifinyelela ku-55 kg. Umkhiqizo unelebuli ngosayizi wobukhulu (7+, njll.), okubonisa isisindo senhlanzi esimaphakathi ephathini.
Izinhlanzi zeCroaker
Inhlanzi ye-croaker (Pareices acuminatus), ngokuya ngesigaba sesayensi, ingeyomndeni wakwaGorbylev, onezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-275. Ngaphezu kwegama lesayensi nelamukelwa ngokusemthethweni, i-croaker ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-drummer, encane, i-melakopia, kanye ne-grumbler noma i-corvina. Yize umndeni wakwaGorbylev ubandakanya izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, abamele kuphela ababili abasakazeke emithambekeni yethu - okuyigagasi elimnyama nelikhanyayo.
Izinhlobo ezinjalo njenge-croaker ekhanyayo zifinyelela usayizi omuhle kakhulu. Ubude be-fish croaker bungafinyelela amamitha owodwa nesigamu. Ngemuva kwe-fish croaker kuhlukaniswa umbala wayo onsundu, kanye nokuba khona kwemivimbo emnyama. I-croaker yathola igama layo loqobo ngenxa yokuqothuka okuqinile emuva. Kubonakala sengathi inhlanzi ikhule i-hump yangempela.
Kukhona izimpondo ezincane ku-chin yezinhlanzi. Inhlanzi ye-croaker ihlukaniswa ngesakhiwo se-dorsal fin yayo, ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili nge-notch. Ingxenye ephezulu yezinhlanzi ezinhle, i-croaker ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwalokho okuphansi. I-Shrimp, izibungu, inhlanzi encane, nemollusks kuyisisekelo sokudla kwezinhlanzi. Njengomthetho, inhlanzi ye-croaker ikhetha indawo enamadwala nangamadwala ukuze ihlale.
Kokubili izinhlanzi ezikhanyayo futhi ezimnyama zenhlanzi ye-croaker zivamile olwandle lwe-Azov naseLwandle Olumnyama. Ngokubukeka kwazo, i-croaker ekhanyayo futhi emnyama empeleni ayihlukile. Ngalesi sizathu, kuzoba nzima impela nge-amateur ukwahlukanisa uhlobo oluthile kolunye. Ngaphezu kwe-croaker ekhanyayo futhi emnyama, kunezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinenani elibalulekile lokuthengisa.
Isibonelo, oLwandle lwaseNingizimu China kufakwa i-croaker encane ephuzi, kanti oLwandle i-Indian - lubomvu. Lo okuthiwa ukhozi ukhozi uhlala emanzini asogwini aseMorocco, ePortugal naseSpain. Uhlobo lwenhlanzi oluyimpunga noma olunemibala, i-croaker, luvamile ogwini lwase-United States. Izinhlobo zesiliva zezinhlanzi eziqokiwe zitholakala ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika, kanye nase-Australia nasePhilippine Islands.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ikhono lezinhlanzi lokukhipha imisindo eqinile yibhadi lokubhukuda liyimfashini ukubheka isici esiyinhloko senhlanzi njenge-croaker. Lezi zimpawu zingabizwa njengohlobo lolimi lapho izinhlanzi ze-croaker zixhumana khona nazo. Inhlanzi ye-croaker inamandla okusebenza okuphezulu nokudla okunempilo.
Kuwo wonke amazwe lapho izinhlanzi zivunwa khona, i-croaker ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi okwaziwayo. Inhlanzi eyosiwe iyabhakwa, ibilisiwe, iphinde ithosiwe, yomiswe futhi inosawoti. Ekulandeni kwethu, ungabona kakhulu izinhlanzi ezihamba ngefreyimu efriziwe.
Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi i-fish inyama croaker iqukethe ochungechungeni lwayo lwamakhemikhali wezinto eziwusizo, phakathi lapho iningi labo libalwa khona ngamakhompiyutha abizwa ngokuthi ama-extractive. Ngombono wezokwelapha, isidlo esisetshenziswa kakhulu esisezingeni eliphezulu ngumhluzi, olungiselelwe kusuka ku-fish croaker.
Izici ezizuzisayo
Inani lokudla komkhiqizo lingama-104- 153 kcal / 100 g. Inhlanzi iqukethe ama-0.3 g we-omega-3, 17,8 g we-protein, 56 mg we-sodium, 61 mg we-cholesterol, i-1.1 g yamafutha agcwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqukethe i-potassium, ebandakanyeka ezinqubweni ze-electrochemical of izicubu zenhliziyo, i-phosphorus, edingekayo ekwakhiweni kwezicubu zomzimba, ithambo nobuchopho, ithusi, okuthinta ukwakheka kwegazi kanye nomzimba nezinye izinto. Ukwakheka komkhiqizo kufaka phakathi amavithamini anhlobonhlobo, phakathi kwawo u-A, B9, B12, PP, uC.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi umhluzi wezinhlanzi uvuselela ukugcinwa kwesisu, uvuse iphango. Isitsha sinconyelwa iziguli ezine-gastritis, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi.
Izici zokunambitha
Inyama eluhlaza yenhlanzi ivame ukuba mhlophe, kepha-ke kutholakala abantu abane-red tinge yenyama. I-croaker inambitha enhle futhi imnandi. Uginindela waso umunca, uthambile, ufana newundlu. Isikhumba senhlanzi siyadliwa. I-croaker ayinayo ukunambitheka nephunga "lesolwandle" elihlukile, futhi ngokwezici zokudla okunempilo likhumbula kakhulu izakhamizi zezindawo ezihlala emfuleni.
Ukupheka Isicelo
Kukhona izindlela eziningi zokwenza i-croaker. Kubhakwa kuhhavini, kufakwe epanini noma kugayiwe, kufakwe usawoti, kushisiwe, kufakwe epanini, kusetshenzwe ngezinye izindlela.
Ungapheka kanjani inhlanzi?
• Fry isinkwa noma i-batter.
• Marinate "heh" onephunga elimnandi ngamahlamvu wesame kanye ulethisi.
• Stew nge-imifino isidlo.
• Fry entrecote kusuka ku-croaker.
• Bilisa indlebe ecebile nenephunga.
• Pheka ama-meatballs ngenhlanzi nelayisi.
Ngabe i-slab ihlangana naziphi izithako?
Imikhiqizo yeflure nefulawa: ummbila, ilayisi, ufulawa kakolweni, ama-breadcrumbs.
Iqanda lenkukhu.
Imikhiqizo yobisi: ubisi, ukhilimu omuncu.
Ibhotela / Amafutha: i-canola, uphizi, ibhotela, uwoyela wemifino, imajarini.
Izinongo / iziqholo: i-cayenne pepper, i-curry, i-oregano, lwesinaphi, iqabunga le-bay.
Imifino / izimpande: iparsley, ubhontshisi pods, anyanisi, ginger, zasolwandle, ulethisi, imbewu sesame, dill.
Izithelo: ulamula, owolintshi, ulamula.
Imifino: i-daikon, i-anchovy, u-anyanisi, izaqathe, amazambane.
Amakhekhe: ilayisi, amabele.
Soso: soya, utamatisi, ukhilimu omuncu.
I-Slaughter yaziswa ngabase-Asia, ikakhulukazi abahlonishwa ngabaseKorea. Ukuthandwa kwaso ezimakethe zasempumalanga kungenxa yenani elincane lamathambo nosayizi omncane okuvumela ukuthi upheke inhlanzi zonke. Ngokuvamile i-croaker ithosiwe ngokujulile noma i-"heh" ilungiselelwe kusuka inyama eluhlaza.
Ukubukeka
Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-croaker zihlala oLwandle Olumnyama, endaweni yedolobha elise-Anapa, kuvame ukutholakala ezimbili kuphela.
I-croaker ekhanyayo noma i-Umbrina, ngokusho kwesayensi - i-Umbrina cirrosa, enkulu kunazo zonke olwandle lwethu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhlanzi yazuza umzimba omude, yacindezelwa kakhulu kamuva. Ikhanda likhulu ngesihlamba esinjengomlomo; umlomo siseduze nokuma emzimbeni. I-dorsal ephezulu Fin ayihlotshaniswa ne-notch ehlukile. Izimpawu ezinkulu ze-croaker ekhanyayo iyinye ye-meaty tendril emihlathini engezansi kanye nemiphetho emnyama yezembozo ze-gill.
Isici se-croaker yalolu hlobo kunombala okhanyayo ngemivimbo ye-wavy egijima ekhoneni kuya emsileni. Imivimbo ephuzi enemiphetho emnyama ibonakala kahle emzimbeni we-croaker futhi isebenza njengokufihla okuhle. Umzimba ophansi ulula; amaphiko ebomvu e-ventral abonakala kahle kuwo. Unqenqema lwe-caudal fin ngaphandle kwe-notch, ecishe iqonde. I-croaker enkulu yoLwandle Olumnyama ingafinyelela, ingamamitha ubude futhi inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-30.
Izinhlobonhlobo zesibili zezinhlanzi ezingajwayelekile ze-Anapa yi-croaker emnyama (Sciaena umbra). Ngaphansi komnewabo ngokubukeka, noma kunjalo, inethiwekhi ihlangabezane nezikhathi ezingaba ngamasentimitha angama-60 nesisindo samakhilogremu amane. Ngemuva kwalomeleli wasolwandle kunobambo oluyindilinga olusobala, olufana ne-hump, olugcina i-rhinestone ngekhanda elikhulu elinekhala elizungezile. Emzimbeni, ungabona umugqa osobala we-lateral ofinyelela kufizi le-caudal. Isici esahlukile i-caudal fin, enesimo esijikelezayo, esiyindilinga. I-dorsal fin ayihlukaniseki futhi ngomsila ine-tint ephuzi.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, i-croaker emnyama inemithunzi ehlukahlukene yomzimba. E-Anapa, kunezinhlanzi ezinamacala esiliva nesisu esikhanyayo. Amaphiko amnyama kakhulu kunomzimba.
Imikhuba
Kukhona i-croaker emnyama futhi ekhanyayo kwezinye izindawo, njengamatshe amatshe, imigodi yamatshe, imihume engaphansi kwamanzi. Bancamela ukujula kusuka kumamitha amathathu nangaphezulu. Okokuqala, i-croaker ekhanyayo iyahluma; ibanda ngokwengeziwe; isizini yayo yokuvuthwa iqala entwasahlobo. I-croaker emnyama ilindele ukufudumala kwamanzi kuze kufike kumadigri ayi-19-20 nangezikhathi zasehlobo ezihluma. Ukuhlwayeka kusendaweni yezinhlanzi zasendaweni; insikazi ibekela amaqanda ngqo kwikholamu yamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho izibungu zisakazeka ngaphezulu bese zilinda isikhathi sokuvuthwa. Ama-humpbacks amancane ngosuku lwesine lobukhona bawo aqala ukudla ngokwawo futhi athole isisindo. Ukudla okuthandwayo kwezinhlanzi zabantu abadala bakwa-Anapa yi-shellfish, ama-crustaceans kanye nezibungu zasolwandle. Ebusika, inhlanzi iya ekujuleni lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lihlala likhona.
I-Family Croaker (Sciaenidae), noma iCrockers
Igama lomndeni iGorbylevye (Sciaenidae), noma amaCrockers, lafakwa yincazelo ehlukile yabalingiswa bezinhlobo zabo ngabaxolisi be-binominal nomenclature ku-biology. Njengoba wazi, umsunguli wemibono ehambisanayo yokuqanjwa kwama-binomial (kanambambili) kanye nokusungulwa kokucaciswa okucacile phakathi kwezigaba ezihlelekile (taxonomic) kwakuyisazi semvelo saseSweden uKarl Linnaeus (uCarolus Linnaeus 1707-1778gg). Ngo-1758, uKarl Linney waba ngowokuqala ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe izici zangaphandle zomndeni wakwaGorbylevye, ebanikeza igama eliqondakalayo elihambisana nesici sabo esiyingqayizivele - iprokrat, arched protrusion on the back. Kepha igama lomndeni wakwaSciaenidae, amaCrokers, odlangile eYurophu naseMelika, labiwa ngo-1860 yisazi saseDutch ichthyologist uPeter Bleeker (uPieter Bleeker 1819-1878), okwathi ngemuva kokuphela kokuphuma kwakhe, wasungula indawo eningilizayo echaza izinhlobo ezintsha zezinhlanzi ezingama-511 kanye no-1925 omusha izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi umndeni wakwaGorybyly. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva nje, igama lesayensi elincane elithi "amaCrokers" selisetshenziswe kakhulu kwezentengiso nakwezokudoba, laphenduka igama elalivame ukusetshenziswa. Igama lesiNgisi elithi Сroaker, eliye laba yigama lomndeni wonke wezinhlanzi, linencazelo eminingana, okuyilona elisho ukuthi "isilwane esinegundane" (isenzo sento esishiwoyo sisho ukuqamba, ukububula noma ukugoba). Leli gama linikezwa umndeni wakwaGorbylev ngenxa yekhono lokwenza imisindo yezinhlamvu ngosizo lwe-bladder yokubhukuda enemisipha ekhuliswe kabanzi, edlala indima ye-resonator ngesikhathi sokuhlanjululwa kwemisipha. Njengomthetho, izingwegwe ze-croaker zenza imisindo ekhethekile yobukhulu obuhlukile nokwakheka kwesigqi, kufana nokugoba, ukugoba, ukugoba noma ngisho nokugwaza kokhoba. AbakwaCrockers benza le misindo lapho bafuna ukudla kusuka emahoreni angama-21 kuye emahoreni angama-2 ebusuku, bezwe lapho kuthulekile kumanzi ibanga elingamamitha ayi-15-30 ukusuka kulowo obonayo. Imvamisa e-China, enendawo enkulu yokudoba ama-crocker (i-Pseudosciaena crocea) oLwandle Oluphuzi, ukugxila okukhulu kwale nhlanzi kutholakala ngosizo lwama-sonar buoys abekade abekwa esikhundleni sokudinwa kwawo unomphela.
Umndeni weGorybylovye uhlanganisa inhlanzi nomzimba ophakeme owucindezelwe kamuva, inhlama eyodwa yamadamu ihlukaniswe ngentshizi ejulile ezingxenyeni ezithambile nezithambile nemithambo engu-1-2 kuleyo anal. Ezinye izinhlobo (i-U. cirrosa) ekugcineni komhlathi ophansi zine-tendril encane, emfishane, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-cirro (amadevu ngesiLatin). Amazinyo alezi zinhlanzi mncane kakhulu, amise okomhlana, kwezinye izinhlobo ezingxenyeni ezingaphandle zomhlathi eziqinile, ezimile okwe-canine. Ekupheleni kwe-snout, kwesinye isikhathi ama-pores athuthuke kahle atholakala ku-chin.
Umndeni wamaBarbies (Sciaenidae)
Umndeni unezinhlobo ezingama-56 zohlobo lwezinhlobo zasemanzini kanye nezinhlobo ezingama-250 zezinhlanzi zasolwandle, ezihlala kakhulu eduze nezigcawu bese zingena kuzo ziyofuna ukudla ezansi kwedamu. Zintathu kuphela izinhlobo zofuzo (i-Aplodinonotus, iPachyurus, nePachyrops) ezingamanzi amasha kanye nezinhlobo ezimbili (i-Plagioscion neJohnius) ezihlala kuphela ezingxenyeni ezingamifula zemifula kanye nemifudlana emincane. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile eziyishumi nantathu phakathi kwama-crockers, kanti enye yazo ihlala eNyakatho Melika, kanti eziyi-13 zihlala ezindlini zamanzi ahlanzekile eNingizimu Melika kanti izinhlobo ezimbili zihlala eziqhingini zase-Indonesia nasePhalamende laseMalacca. Ama-genera amabili (ama-Pareques nama-Pachypops) ahlala endaweni yezixhobo zamakhorali oLwandlekazi i-Indian.
Zonke izinhlobo ze-croaker zihlala emanzini asogwini olwandle olushisayo nolungenasisekelo lwezilwandle zasolwandle Atlantic, Pacific and Indian, kanye nezinhlobo eziyi-11 zomndeni zingatholakala ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibanda kakhulu. Njengamanje, ezinye izinhlobo zomndeni wakwaGorbylevye zingena eSuez Canal zisuka eMedithera ziye oLwandle Olubomvu, bese zakha inani elincane labantu lapho. E-Eilat Bay yoLwandle Olubomvu, kuhlala kuvela isakhi sofuzo i-Atrobuks (Atrobucca geniae).Azikho i-croaker oLwandle iPacific eduze naseSeychelles, eMelanesia, eMicronesia, ePolynesia nase-Atlantic eduze nase-Azores. Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi izinhlanzi ezinkulu eziqoqayo (izinhlobo ze-Black Sea 3 ze-croaker azakhi amaqembu amakhulu), eziningi zazo zikhulu ngobukhulu futhi zibanjwa ngobukhulu ngosizo lwemicibisholo ejulile, izicupho zasolwandle ezingaphansi namanetha ashubekayo.
Zonke izinhlanzi ze-croaker zihola indlela yokuphila enhle, ehlala emanzini eshalofini elisogwini, ngokuba ngama-benthophages ajwayelekile, ezimweni ezingandile ze-pelagic. Abanye, (i-genera Otolithes, Cynoscion), ngokuya ngesikhathi sonyaka nobudala, bangahola indlela yokuphila ye-pelagic kanye naphansi. IGorbylovye cishe ayikaze itholakale ngaphandle kwamashalofu ezwekazi, igcwele ikakhulukazi eduze neziphephelo zemifula emikhulu: iAmazon, iOrinoco, iParana, iMississippi, iCongo, i-Indus, iGanga nezinye, lapho zigcinwa khona ngobuningi ekujuleni okungashona (ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-100) emanzini anodaka, kwesinye isikhathi ancishisiwe, ukuthola ukudla okuningana lapho ngesimo sezibungu namamoll. Inqwaba yezinhlanzi zomndeni wakwaCrocker zihlala futhi zizale ezindaweni ezijulile, ukusuka kumamitha ama-5 kuye kwangama-80, futhi yingxenye encane yazo eyakha abantu abaningi abaqinile kumamitha angama-350.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lokudla, phakathi kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-croaker, zombili izinambuzane ezijwayelekile nezinhlanzi ezinokuthula ngokuphelele zitholakala, zidla kuphela ama-benthos ngendlela yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-mollusks, ama-crustaceans kanye nezibungu. Ezinye izinhlanzi ezingama-croaker zihlanganise ukudla okuhlanganayo - kulezo zimo lapho kunezinhlanzi eziningi ezincane endaweni yazo yokuhlala (ama-anchovies, atherin, ama-sardine, njll.), Ziyaqagela, kepha uma kungekho zinhlanzi ezingasebenza njengokudla, zishintshela ohlotsheni lokudla lwe-benthic.
Izinyamazane ezijwayelekile ziyizinhlobo zofuzo I-Pseudotolithus(Isigebengu senduna). Bonke abameleli bale nhlobo banomzimba ophakeme ofana ne-pike perch ngesimo. Amazinyo aqine, abukhali okwe-fang atholakala emihlathini. Umlomo ungowokugcina, mkhulu. Umbala uvame ukuba yisiliva, kwesinye isikhathi wegolide. Umhlane umnyama, isisu simhlophe. Ezinye izinhlobo zinemigqa emnyama yamachashazi amnyama ezinhlangothini zazo, zivame ukuhlangana zibe yimigqa ye-wavy. Izinhlobo zalolu hlobo zivame ezindaweni ezishisayo zasempumalanga ye-Atlantic, olwandle lwaseNdiya nolwePacific.
Umthengisi waseSenegal, umdumbula
Umbono omkhulu kunayo yonke induna enkulu yokhamba (I-Pseudotolithus typus) ihlala ogwini lwaseNtshonalanga Afrika. Ifinyelela kubude be-1 m nesisindo se-15 kg. Kukhona "nezikhulu" ezincane "- induna eyingcweti encane (P. brachygnathus) no I-Caseneva yaseSenegal (P. senegalensis), ubude bawo, njengomthetho, awudluli ku-40 cm, kepha kwesinye isikhathi bufika ku-80-90 cm.
OLwandlekazi i-Indian kanye nolwandle lwaseNingizimu China, kugcwele i-croaker elengisiwe (I-Otolithes ruber), isici esicijayo sayo singama-fangs eyodwa emhlathini ongenhla, oqhele kakhulu kude nomunye. Lolu hlobo lufinyelela kubude obungama-90 cm nesisindo esingama-7 kg. Okukhulu kunazo zonke oLwandle i-Indian, ngenani elibalulekile lokudoba uhlobo lwama-otolites (Ama-Otolithes) - i-croaker yesiliva (Ama-Otolithes argenteus). AmaSilvery izingwekazi zihlala ikakhulukazi ogwini lwaseNtshonalanga India; zitholakala ngobuningi bazo ngasogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika, ePhilippine Islands nasogwini lwase-Australia. Abanye abamele le nhlobo banenani eliphansi kakhulu lokuhweba, kepha, ngenxa yokuqina kakhulu kwenyama yabo, bayaziswa ezimakethe zezinhlanzi zawo wonke amazwe.
I-Morphologically efana kakhulu nohlobo lwe-Otolithes, uhlobo oluhlala ikakhulu engxenyeni esentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi i-Atlantic i-american sloppy croaker (Cynoscion). Abanye abacwaningi baze bakholelwe ukuthi lezi zimpawu zofuzo ziyefana. Ngasogwini olusempumalanga ye-United States kusuka eNova Scotia kuya eGulf of Mexico ngwevu engwevu (Cynoscion regalis), ukudoba okubalulekile kwe-trawl eNtshonalanga Atlantic. Lezi izinhlanzi ezinkulu kunalokho, ezingafika ku-90 cm ubude futhi zinesisindo esingama-9 kg. Ngasogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika, ukusuka eVenezuela kuya e-Argentina, kukhona ezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zezentengiso - strawer striped noma peskadiliya (Cynoscion striatus), ebaluleke kakhulu kwezokudoba e-Uruguay nase-Argentina eGulf of La Plata. ICynoscion nayo iyatholakala oLwandle iPacific. Ngakho-ke, ngasogwini lwaseCalifornia, enkulu i-croaker emhlophe (Cynoscion nobilis).
E-Indian Ocean, kuvumbuka uhlobo lwe-genus olusondelene namatshe angamagwala Ama-Otolithoidids (Ama-Otolithoides). Enye yezinhlobo zayo yi-broker croker (i-Otolithoides biauritus) uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lomndeni we-croaker. Ubude bawo buvama ngaphezu kwe-2 m, futhi isisindo saso singama-80 kg. Ifana "nezinduna" ngesimo somzimba, kepha, ngokungafani nazo, azinamazinyo amile okwejwabu emihlathini. Enye inhlobo - kotkh (O. brunneus) yisisekelo sezokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi olwandle lwaseNdiya, into ebalulekile yokuthumela ngaphandle, futhi muva nje, into ebalulekile yasolwandle.
Emanzini aseRussia, okungukuthi oLwandle Olumnyama, abamele lolu hlobo okwamanje bahlala Izigcawu (Sciaena) genus Ukubulawa kwesiliva (I-Argyrosomus) ne-genus Umbrina (Umbrina). Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwakamuva lwe-ichthyological kanye nokuhlaziya ukudoba emanzini ase-Ukraine, eRussia nase-Abkhazia, zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zomndeni wakwaGorbylevy zakha ukunqwabelana okuncane endaweni yamashalofu yezwekazi, okunzima ukubamba ngosizo lwemikhondo eyahlukahlukene yokujula. Imininingwane ekuqokeleleni kwezingwekazi ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zoLwandle Olumnyama azilingani ngokweqile ngenani, izinhlobo, nobudala, okugcina kuholele eqinisweni lokuthi zinentshisekelo encane yokudoba. Futhi, eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi ezingezinhle ze-hydrological kanye nemvelo, kanye nokushiswa ngokweqile, eLwandle Olumnyama, inani labantu abasebenza nge-croaker emnyama (Sciaena umbra) laqala ukuncipha kakhulu. Abanye abantu ababili bomndeni wakwaGorbylevy, okungukuthi i-European silver croaker (A. regius) ne-umber (U. сirrosa), kancane kancane basuka ohlangothini lwaseTurkey, Adzharia nase-Abkhazia baye ogwini lwaseRussia, benwebisa indawo abahlala kuyo. Futhi, kususelwa encwadini ebomvu ye-Krasnodar Territory, i-croaker emnyama (S.umbra) kanye ne-umbra noma i-light croaker (U. cirrosa) akuvunyelwe ekudobeni futhi kunemikhawulo ethile yezikhathi zokudoba kokuzijabulisa nezemidlalo. Ngo-Ephreli 2010, ubuholi be-AzNIIRKh. I-Federal Agency for Fisheries kanye ne-Azov-Black Sea Territorial Administration, iphakamise ukuthi kuguqulwe amagama ezigaba 20.1, 32.1, 37.1, no-44.1, ngomyalo we-Federal Agency for Fisheries ka-Septhemba 8, 2008 No. i-croaker, ukuze kwenziwe imincintiswano yabasubathi basemanzini abangaphansi komhlaba. I-Light croaker (U. cirrosa), ngesisekelo se-oda elifanayo, isavinjelwe ukudoba okuthengiswayo, ukudoba i-amateur, kanye nemidlalo ngokuloba ngemikhonto.
Inani labantu abaningi kunabo bonke oLwandle Olumnyama, ekunwetshweni okusuka e-Anapa kuya e-Adler, okuyilona elivimbela ukungcola kakhulu (ipulasitiki yemvelo) yisibalo se-umber noma i-light croaker (U. cirrosa), ehola indlela yokuphila ejwayelekile emanzini angajulile, hhayi kude nemilambo yemifula yezintaba. Ukuqhuma okunodaka kwemifula yezintaba, kuletha ukudla okuningana nenqwaba yezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo, ezibola phansi eshalofini yezwekazi, zisebenza njengendawo efanelekayo yokuthuthukiswa kwama-epibenthos (izidalwa eziphila ngokuphila ngaphansi komhlabathi) kanye ne-endobenthos (izidalwa ezihlala emhlabathini). I-Umbrina, empeleni, yizinhlanzi ezingasogwini, ezingashisi, okuthi, ngenxa yobuningi bokudla emabhange amatshe amatshe nasema-silty, athola ngokushesha isisindo, ngokungafani ne-silver croaker (A. regius), umhlaseli ojwayelekile futhi owakha amanzi e-pelagic kanye ne-croaker emnyama (S. isambulela), ifuna ukudla emifantwini ejulile, phakathi kwamathanga ama-cystozira. Ngomyalo uNombolo 31 weKomidi Lesifundazwe Lezokudoba lango-01.29.03 "Okulweni lokudoba esichibini se-Azov-Black Sea", umndeni wakwaGorbylev ohlala oLwandle Olumnyama awekho ngaphansi kokudoba, futhi lezo zinkomba ezincane ezitholwe ngokusebenzisa imigqomo ejulile njengokubanjwa kwangaphambilini lapho kudotshwa i-merlang ne-flounder-kalkan, imvamisa ayiqoshwa ngisho naku-logbook. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabasebenzi abavela eKP Bukhta LLC (edolobhaneni laseVesyoloye, eNizhne-Imeretinskaya bay), abazibandakanye nokudoba unyaka wonke ukuthola ama-anchovies, ama-sprats, ama-sprats, ama-merlangs kanye nabanye emanzini aseRussia oLwandle Olumnyama, inani labantu abamnyama lehle kakhulu kule minyaka engu-5-6 edlule, amagwebu akhanyayo nesiliva awela enetheni, ngokubanjwa nje, ekwindla kukaPutin. Futhi, isisindo esivamile se-croaker sehlile sisuka ku-1.5-3 kg saya ku-0,300-1,5 kg, okukhombisa ukonakala okuqinile komndeni wakwaGorbylev endaweni yokudoba okusebenzayo eLwandle Olumnyama.
I-sea fish croaker
HIngwevu emnyama ihlala engxenyeni esempumalanga yoLwandlekazi i-Atlantic (ukusuka eCape Verde kuya eBay of Biscay), oLwandle Olumnyama nolweMedithera. Le nhlanzi sikhulu impela kuze kube ngu-70 cm, yathola igama ngombala wayo omnyama emuva. Ngemuva kwe-croaker kumnyama, njengomthetho, ngombala omnyama onama-abomvu noma obomvu onsomi, ithangi lilula futhi line-hue yegolide. Ingxenye ethambile ye-dorsal fin ne-caudal fin inomngcele omnyama.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lolu hlobo lubanzi emvelweni, i-croaker emnyama ayinasayizi ophakeme wabantu. Kokubili izinhlanzi ezikhanyayo futhi ezimnyama zenhlanzi ye-croaker zivamile olwandle lwe-Azov naseLwandle Olumnyama. Ngokubukeka kwazo, i-croaker ekhanyayo futhi emnyama empeleni ayihlukile. Ngalesi sizathu, kuzoba nzima impela nge-amateur ukwahlukanisa uhlobo oluthile kolunye. Ngaphezu kwe-croaker ekhanyayo futhi emnyama, kunezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinenani elibalulekile lokuthengisa.
I-croaker emnyama ingenye yezinhlanzi ezinhle kunazo zonke ezihlala oLwandle Olumnyama; mhlawumbe izingwegwe zazibiza ngegama ngemuva, okubonakala ngathi yisiwula. I-croaker emnyama ejulile imvamisile ukuba mnyama ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onama-iridescent golden hue, ku-caudal Fin kanye nase-dorsal fin engaphezulu kwi-croaker emngceleni omnyama, icwebezela ngemibala ehlukene lapho ukukhanya kungena emzimbeni wayo kwenza kube lula ukubiza lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi eziLwandle Olumnyama izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu nezingavamile.
Ekujuleni koLwandle Olumnyama, ukusuka kumamitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-40, kunezinhlobo zama-croaker angaphezu kwamamitha ubude, okuvame ukuhlalwa kuzo izikole ezincane (imindeni), i-croaker icashe emaphutheni amatshe angaphansi kwamanzi, imikhumbi ekhukhulayo nezinye izinto ezihehayo nge-croaker emnikeza indlu nendawo yokuhlala. Kokubili ama-croaker amnyama namhlophe adla ama-shrimp namanye ama cr craceans, izinhlanzi ezincane nezinhlobo ezithile zemvelo yolwandle.
I-croaker emnyama ibhalwe ku-Red Book njengezinhlobo ezingandile, ngakho-ke, ukudoba akwenziwa ngokukhethekile ekudobeni kwezimboni ngababambisi bezokudoba, kodwa nokho i-croaker ibanjwa zombili enetheni kanye nabadobi abathanda ukugoqa i-croaker kusihlwa nasebusuku, ngqo ekusakazeni , Kokubili i-Black Sea shrimp nakuthi yokufakelwa okwenziwe ngobunono - uhlobo oluncane lokuxegisa. Futhi-ke abazingeli abangaphansi kwamanzi bayakuthanda ukumzingela. Ukweluka umlomo kuvame kakhulu kubazingeli abangaphansi kwamanzi.
I-croaker ekhanyayo yezinhlobo ezingandile, izinhlanzi zomndeni we-croaker oLwandle Olumnyama - inokubukeka okukhanyayo nesakhiwo esishintshwe kancanyana samaphiko nomsila ongaphezulu (ekukhanyeni - i-white croaker ungasakwazi ukubona imibala enjena ye-chic edonsa phezulu nangomsila futhi futhi iphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile - emigqonyeni yesihlabathi yaphansi, oLwandle Olumnyama nakulwandle lwe-Azov.
I-antenna eqinile futhi emfushane etholakala ku-chin iyayihlukanisa nakwezinye izingwenya. I-croaker yalolu hlobo ingeyabantu abahlala phansi olwandle futhi ithanda ikakhulukazi izihlabathi zesanti. Uzizwa kahle on nenhlabathi enodaka, amatshe amnyama nodaka.
Kukhona izimpondo ezincane ku-chin yezinhlanzi. Inhlanzi ye-croaker ihlukaniswa ngesakhiwo se-dorsal fin yayo, ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili nge-notch. Ingxenye ephezulu yezinhlanzi ezinhle, i-croaker ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwalokho okuphansi. I-Shrimp, izibungu, inhlanzi encane, nemollusks kuyisisekelo sokudla kwezinhlanzi. Njengomthetho, inhlanzi ye-croaker ikhetha indawo enamadwala nangamadwala ukuze ihlale.
Ezinye izinhlobo zabantu abadala be-white crocheens zifinyelela ubude bamamitha nengxenye nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-30, okwenza lezi zinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-croaker zibe yisisulu esithandekayo zingabi hhayi abadobi base-amateur kuphela, kodwa nabadubuli basemanzini. I-croaker emnyama yinhlanzi evamile ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini i-Anapa resort, iphumula ezindaweni ezinhle ezifana neBig Utrish - noma ubani onokusakazeka ebusuku angazama ukubamba lesi sidlakela.
I-croaker yinhlanzi enekhono elimangalisayo lokukhipha amasignali omsindo omkhulu ngosizo lwebhadi lokubhukuda. Indima yabo yendalo ukuheha abantu bobulili obuhlukile, ukukhipha ama-alamu, ukucela usizo, nokuningi. I-croaker yinhlanzi engowomndeni wegama elifanayo. Lolu hlobo lubanzi futhi lubanzi emhlabeni wonke. Zimbili kuphela izinhlobo zazo ezihlala emanzini ezwe lethu: amnyama nokukhanya. Abadobi banegama elihlukile lalesi sidalwa sasolwandle: i-grumbler, i-drummer, i-umber, encane, i-melakopia, i-corvina ...
Okuthandwa kakhulu kulo mndeni omkhulu yi-croaker emnyama. Ihlala oLwandle Olumnyama nolweMedithera, kanye nasempumalanga ye-Atlantic Ocean. Usayizi wenhlanzi ufinyelela amasentimitha angama-70, futhi isisindo esijwayelekile singamakhilogremu amane. Igama lezinhlobo livela kumbala omnyama emuva, ohlukahluka kusuka ku-green hue eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya ku-hue onsomi noma obomvu. Izinhlangothi ze-croaker ziyakhazimula nge-tint yegolide.
Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lumelwe kabanzi emvelweni, kepha inani labantu lisatshalaliswa ngokungalingani, kunezindawo lapho inani lezinhlanzi lilinganiselwe. I-croaker igcina eduze nogu, ikhetha ama-jetties, izihlabathi ezinesihlabathi kanye namagobolondo kanye nemifantu. Kunzima ukuyibamba i-croaker emnyama, yingakho iyisisulu esibalulekile kumdobi wokudoba. Inhlanzi icashe emadwaleni amadwala, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuyithola, inokumelana okumangazayo, ifakwe emihumeni, emigodini engaphansi kwamatshe.
Ingwenya encane encane ihlala oLwandle Olphuzi. Inenani eliphakeme kakhulu nenani lokuhweba. Lolu hlobo lwe-croaker lincane, ubude bawo bungamasentimitha angama-35, kanti isisindo somzimba sifinyelela ku-1 kilos. Ukudobela ukuthengiswa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa amanethi amanetha aqondile futhi ahamba ngesikebhe.
OLwandlekazi i-Indian kanye nolwandle lwaseNingizimu China, kuphinde kuhlale olunye uhlobo lwendlovu - ubomvu obomvu Ubude bawo bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-90, kanti islabha sinesisindo esisuka ku-6 kuye ku-7 kilos. Isici salo esiyingqayizivele sokuhlukanisa ubukhona emhlathini ongenhla we-croaker kuphela i-canines eyodwa etholakala kude nenye.
Ezindaweni ezisogwini lweSpain, iPortugal neMorocco, ukugxila kwezentengiso ngokubulawa kokhozi kuyabonakala. Ubude bawo obuphakathi buyahluka phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1-1,5 (yize kukhona amacala abamba umuntu ngamunye ngamamitha ayi-2). Umuntu osebenzisa izingwegwe ezimthende uhlala ogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika. E-Uruguay naseLa Plata Bay, ibanjwa ngezentengiselwano.
Uyingqayizivele ngomqondo othile. Sitholakala ekujuleni okukhulu (cishe amamitha angama-300), esihlukanisa namanye amalungu omndeni waso. Izinkumbi ezinkulu zale nhlanzi zibhekwa eduze nogu lwaseNtshonalanga Indian, ngamanani amancane lolu hlobo lwe-croaker lubhebhetheke ngasogwini lwesiQhingi sasePhilippine, ogwini lwase-Australia nogu olusempumalanga ye-Afrika. Inyama ye-Silver croaker yaziswa kakhulu emakethe yezinhlanzi zomhlaba ngokunambitheka kwayo okuphezulu.
Inhlanzi ye-croaker yi-thermophilic, lapho kubanda kubanda, iya ekujuleni okude ukusuka ogwini. Enye impahla emangalisayo yikhono lokukhipha amasignali aqinile omsindo usebenzisa ibhulashi lokubhukuda. Indima yemvelo yale misindo ukuheha abantu bobulili obuhlukile noma ukukhipha ama-alamu.Ungayizwa le misindo ngaphandle kwamadivayisi akhethekile, ngokufaka nje ikhanda lakho emanzini.
Ama-cuisines ezizwe eziningi, ikakhulukazi iMedithera, anikeza izitsha ze-croaker kumamenyu abo. Kulapho kuphekwe kuhhavini noma kusitshiwe. Ezweni lethu, ama-gourmet oda stew ngemifino noma ngendlebe ye-croaker. Ama-Peruvians akhonza i-ceviche kuwo - inhlanzi iphekwe ulamula wasePeru, upelepele nopelepele obomvu. Ku-cuisine yaseKorea, isidlo esibizwa ngokuthi "heh" sithatha indawo yaso efanelekile - lokhu kungukudla kwenhlanzi eluhlaza okusikiwe izicucu, kufaka ne-croaker. Ngokunambitheka kanye nobukhulu benyama, i-croaker ingaba yi-analogue ye-dorada yaseMedithera ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uyipheke ngendlela efanayo futhi uyipheke noma upheke i-croaker emnyama kusoso olumhlophe olubucayi.
Inyama yale nhlanzi yasolwandle inothile ngamafutha acid namaprotheni. Inezakhi ezincane ze-macro kanye ne-macro, i-potassium (ibandakanyeka ekuqondisweni kwezinqubo ze-electrochemical emisipha ehlukene kanye nezicubu zenhliziyo), i-phosphorus (ebhekele ukuqina namandla ezicubu zamathambo), ithusi (isiza ukugcina ukwakheka kwegazi kusesimweni esihle kakhulu
isiza ukuthuthukisa imetabolism). Phakathi kokunye, i-slab iqukethe i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-sodium ne-selenium.
Inhlanzi ye-croaker (Pareices acuminatus), ngokuya ngesigaba sesayensi, ingeyomndeni wakwaGorbylev, onezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-275. Ngaphezu kwegama lesayensi nelamukelwa ngokusemthethweni, i-croaker ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-drummer, encane, i-melakopia, kanye ne-grumbler noma i-corvina. Yize umndeni wakwaGorbylev ubandakanya izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, abamele kuphela ababili abasakazeke emithambekeni yethu - okuyigagasi elimnyama nelikhanyayo.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ikhono lezinhlanzi lokukhipha imisindo eqinile yibhadi lokubhukuda liyimfashini ukubheka isici esiyinhloko senhlanzi njenge-croaker. Lezi zimpawu zingabizwa njengohlobo lolimi lapho izinhlanzi ze-croaker zixhumana khona nazo. Inhlanzi ye-croaker inamandla okusebenza okuphezulu nokudla okunempilo. Kuwo wonke amazwe lapho izinhlanzi zivunwa khona, i-croaker ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi okwaziwayo. Inhlanzi eyosiwe iyabhakwa, ibilisiwe, iphinde ithosiwe, yomiswe futhi inosawoti. Ekulandeni kwethu, ungabona kakhulu izinhlanzi ezihamba ngefreyimu efriziwe.
Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi i-fish inyama croaker iqukethe ochungechungeni lwayo lwamakhemikhali wezinto eziwusizo, phakathi lapho iningi labo libalwa khona ngamakhompiyutha abizwa ngokuthi ama-extractive. Ngombono wezokwelapha, isidlo esisetshenziswa kakhulu esisezingeni eliphezulu ngumhluzi, olungiselelwe kusuka ku-fish croaker.
Ukuzala
Emanzini oLwandle Olumnyama, i-croaker iqala ukuvela ehlobo. Njengomthetho, le nkathi iqala maphakathi noJuni futhi ilandelwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Kulokhu, amanzi kufanele afudunyezwe ngenhla kwama-degrees ayi-19. Imvamisa izindawo ezigudle ulwandle zikhethelwa ukuqhekeka. Ukuzala kowesifazane kuya ngosayizi wakhe. Isilinganiso somuntu ngamunye sivelisa amaqanda angaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyisithupha. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanjalo bahlangabezana nabakwazi ukukhipha amaqanda angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-513. Ngokuyinhloko, inqubo yokusabalalisa izinongo yenzeka ebusuku.
IGorbylya caviar ilula kakhulu futhi iyantanta, esiza ihlobo lonke ukubhukuda amaqanda ogwini lolwandle eceleni kobuso bamanzi. Izibungu ze-lobster zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokubanjelwa. Kakade ngosuku lwe-4 baqala ukudla ukudla kwangaphandle. Ingwevu encane ithanda ukupakisha emihlambini, lapho ibhukuda khona ngasogwini lolwandle. Izibungu nazo zingaya ezinkambeni nasezindongeni. Le nhlanzi inamagama amaningi athakazelisayo. Ubizwa nangokuthi i-drummer, encane, i-melakopia, ukububula kanye ne-corvina. Inhlanzi in nenyama enambitheka kakhulu futhi emnene, sibonga ukuthi ihlala kude nendawo yokugcina kule ndawo yokudoba.
Isimilo
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ingwenya emnyama, ehlala oLwandle Olumnyama nolweMedithera. Ubukhulu obukhulu bomuntu omdala ngu-70-80 cm, isisindo sifinyelela kuma-4 kg kuphela. Esithombeni se-croaker, ungabona inhlawulo ebukhali ephezulu, ehlukaniswe ngeyokuqala futhi ifana ne-crest - isici esiyinhloko esisiza ukunquma uhlobo.
I-croaker ekhanyayo ihlukaniswa i-antenna ende, etholakala emhlathini ongezansi. Futhi likhulu ngosayizi, ukubuka kufinyelela kumitha eli-1 ubude, isisindo - kusuka kuma-30 kuye kwangama-40 kg.
Isakhiwo somzimba siyefana - siphakeme, sicindezelwe kancane, uma ubheka uhlangothi. Ikhanda lifana nomlomo wenyoni enkulu, umlomo utholakala ngokuqondile esiswini. Umsila uqondile, awunanothi.
Ukufiswa kwe-croaker kususelwa kumbala wayo ongajwayelekile.
I-croaker ekhanyayo inemisipha ephuzi egijima ngamagagasi, ngakho-ke elangeni izinhla zezinhlanzi ziyokhazimula zikhanye. Ebumnyameni, i-caudal fin inesimo se-convex kancane, izinhlanzi ziphakathi ngosayizi, kukhona ne-crest ebukhali emhlane, kepha ayihlukani neyokuqala. Umbala waphezulu uphuzi.
Lapho kuhlala khona
I-croaker oLwandle Olumnyama ivamile. Abadobi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakhuluma ngasogwini lwe-Anapa, lapho kutholakala khona inhlobo emnyama kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezimo zesimo sezulu, inhlanzi inezinhlangothi zesiliva. Amaphiko aphuzi ngokugqamile.
Izinhlanzi zithanda indawo eyodwa - ogwini olunamadwala. Ihlala ekujuleni okungenani kwamamitha amathathu, imvamisa ifihla emihumeni emincane. Izinhlanzi zivame ukuhlala ezikoleni ezincane, zidla ama-crustaceans kanye nezibungu zasolwandle.
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-croaker ingatholakala kunoma yiliphi idolobha laseYurophu. ENgilandi, igama elithi uCrocker selimile izimpande, elihumusha ngokukhala noma ukuqamba. By the way, umsindo ukhipha usebenzisa isigaxa sokubhukuda.
Amaqiniso Ahehayo
Lapho behambela kwamanye amazwe, izivakashi eziningi ziyaqaphela ezimakethe zezinhlanzi nasekudleni okufana ne-Anapa croaker. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-croaker zitholakala ngaphesheya koLwandle Olumnyama; le nhlanzi ibanjwa emadolobheni amaningi asogwini emhlabeni jikelele. Crocker, leli gama lisusele kwezinye izifundazwe. Kwi-croaker croaker yabantu abadala, izicubu ze-bubble yomoya zithuthukiswe kahle. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo, i-croaker ingenza imisindo efana nemisindo yokuqothula, kuvela ukuthi: "croc-croc". Ngethuba lezwi elihlukile, inhlanzi yathola igama lesidlaliso "uCrocker". Futhi igama lesiNgisi elithi crak - ungahumusha i-Wheezing, squaring noma i-squaring.
Lapho ungabona khona e-Anapa
I-croaker e-Anapa akuyona inhlanzi enkulu. Kwesinye isikhathi izingwegwe zasendaweni zifika kunethiwekhi yabadobi bese izinhlanzi ezinqabile zingathengwa ezimakethe zase-Anapa. Inyama ye-Gorbylya ibonwa njengenye yezindawo zokudlela zasendaweni. Abazingeli bolwandle babheka i-croaker njengendondo efanelekayo. Ngakho-ke, inhlanzi edumile ingabonakala kubapheki be-Anapa abahudula izifiso.